WO2006013750A1 - Food material having effect of controlling lipid metabolism, health food, animal feed and methd of feeding animal - Google Patents

Abstract

It is intended to provide a highly safe food material, which can improve the inclination to obesity in humans, pets or livestock and thus prevent or ameliorate life style-related diseases such as diabetes, a health food and an animal feed at a low price. Defatted rice bran or rice bran residue, which contains fractions containing hydroxycinnamic acid analog vegetable cholesterol esters, etc. having an effect of controlling lipid metabolism, is used as a material for a health food or an animal feed. In the case where the health food or the animal feed contains from 1 to 20% by weight of lipids, it is preferable that the content of the defatted rice bran or the rice bran residue therein ranges from 1 to 15% by weight.

Description

 Specification

 Food materials having a lipid metabolism-regulating effect, health foods, animal feed, and animal breeding methods

 Technical field

 [0001] The present invention relates to a food material having a lipid metabolism regulating action and useful for preventing and improving obesity and lifestyle-related diseases, a health food, an animal feed, and a method for raising an animal fed with this animal feed. Is.

 Background art

 [0002] Since rice bran contains a large amount of vegetable oil, rice bran is used in large amounts as a raw material for cooking oil. Rice bran contains various nutrients such as vitamins, minerals and dietary fiber, and also contains a large amount of useful ingredients with various physiologically active functions. It is widely used as a raw material for feed additives.

 [0003] By the way, when rice bran is used as a raw material for edible oil or when pharmaceuticals, food additives, feed additives, etc. are made from rice bran extract, rice bran koji and other products are extracted and then defatted rice bran ( A large amount of residue left after removal of oil with an organic solvent, etc., and residue (after removal of water-soluble components such as defatted residue).

 [0004] Since these defatted koji and residue are the remaining koji from which the above-mentioned useful ingredients have been extracted, it seems that no useful ingredients remain, and the use of the ingredients is not considered at all.

It was not used as a feed extender or compost raw material.

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-327881

 Patent Document 2: JP 05-194069

 Patent Document 3: JP 05-199201 A

 Disclosure of the invention

 Problems to be solved by the invention

[0006] A problem to be solved is that a large amount of defatted soot and residue are not effectively used. [0007] Therefore, the present inventors have intensively studied defatted lees and residues, and defatted lees and residues still have useful components, particularly components that have a function of regulating lipid metabolism in humans and animals, That is, it was discovered that a component having an action of increasing blood adiponectin concentration or lowering insulin resistance was considerably contained, and the present invention was made.

 Means for solving the problem

[0008] The present invention focuses on the components remaining in defatted lees and residues, and regulates lipid metabolism in humans and animals to prevent or improve obesity and lifestyle-related diseases. Main features.

 [0009] That is, the food material having a lipid metabolism regulating action according to the present invention is characterized in that it comprises defatted or residue. In addition, the health food having a lipid metabolism regulating action according to the present invention is characterized in that defatted koji or residue is one of the components.

 [0010] Here, the lipid metabolism regulating action refers to an action that activates lipid metabolism in the human body or animal body to prevent or eliminate fattening and to prevent or eliminate lifestyle-related diseases. In addition, food materials are not only materials that can be consumed by humans, but also materials that can be used by animals for feed.

 [0011] In addition, the defatted koji is a koji that is obtained when kneading cereals. In addition, the degreasing strength also refers to the remaining residue obtained by extracting water-soluble components with water.

[0012] The defatted residue or residue includes a fraction having an effect of increasing blood adiponectin concentration or decreasing insulin resistance. Examples of this fraction include hydroxycinnamic acid analog plant sterol esters. be able to.

[0013] It should be noted that defatted lees and residues do not differ greatly in the effects of anti-obesity and anti-lifestyle diseases, and therefore the lees added to animal feed may be defatted lees or residues.

[0014] Further, the animal feed having a lipid metabolism regulating action according to the present invention is characterized in that defatted koji or residue is one of the components. In addition, the animal breeding method according to the present invention is characterized in that the animal is fed by feeding the animal feed using defatted straw or residue as one of the components. [0015] Here, the basic components of the animal feed may be substantially the same as the animal feed generally used. The animal feed preferably contains a certain amount of lipid to improve eating.

 [0016] Lipids are included in feed raw materials from the beginning, and include fats and oils and fats and oils to which aftertaste is also added. The oils and fats added later include, for example, rapeseed oil, soybean oil, corn oil, palm oil, castor oil, lard, beef tallow, fish oil, whale oil, or one or more mixed oils selected from these oils. Can be mentioned.

 [0017] Animal feeds containing lipids contain 1 to 20% by weight of lipids and 1 to 15% by weight of defatted straw or residue (active ingredient hydroxycinnamic acid analog plant sterol esters As for the amount, about 20 to 300 / zg per lOOg of feed) can be mentioned.

 [0018] The reason why the lipid content is limited to 1 to 20% by weight is that if the lipid content is less than 1% by weight, the bite of pets and livestock becomes worse and the lipid content exceeds 20% by weight. It is the power that makes it difficult to form pellets as feed.

 [0019] The reason why the defatted residue or residue is limited to 1 to 15% by weight is that if the defatted residue or residue is less than 1% by weight, the anti-obesity effect or the residue is less than 15% by weight. If it exceeds the limit, other essential ingredients become too small, resulting in a feed with a poor nutritional balance. However, if the defatted lees or residue is 1 to 15% by weight, the nutritional balance is good and anti-obesity and anti-lifestyle-related diseases are effective. This is because

 [0020] It should be noted that the edible fats and oils are used as the lipids described above from the viewpoint that the effects of anti-obesity and anti-life-style related diseases are obtained in the animal feed and the animal breeding method having a lipid metabolism regulating action according to the present invention. Is preferably 3 to 10% by weight, and the defatted soot or residue is preferably 5 to 10% by weight.

 [0021] Further, the defatted lees or residues include a fraction having an effect of increasing blood adiponectin concentration or an effect of decreasing insulin resistance. Examples of this fraction include hydroxycinnamic acid analog plant sterol esters. This is the same as in the case of food materials and health foods described above.

The invention's effect [0022] According to the present invention, it is possible to effectively use defatted lees and residues that have not been effectively used until now as raw materials for food ingredients, health foods, animal feeds, and the like. is there.

 [0023] Further, according to the present invention, a highly safe food material, health food, and the like that can improve the obesity of human beings, pets or livestock, and can prevent or improve lifestyle-related diseases such as diabetes. There is an effect that animal feed can be provided at low cost.

 [0024] Further, according to the present invention, even if it is easy to eat with the addition of oil, it is difficult for humans, pets or livestock to ingest it to become obese or diabetic! ヽ Provides food materials, health foods and animal feed If you can!

 Brief Description of Drawings

 [0025] FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between residue content (% by weight) and blood adiponectin level (g / ml).

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between residue content (% by weight) and obesity level (X 10 ″ ² g / m ² ).

 FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of various components on adiponectin secretion in mouse 3T3-L1 adipocytes.

 FIG. 4 is a graph showing the HOMA insulin resistance index of mice used in the test.

 FIG. 5 is a graph showing the content (mg) of hydroxycinnamic acid analog plant sterol esters in 1 kg of rice bran and residue.

 FIG. 6 is a graph showing the content (mg) of hydroxycinnamic acid analog plant sterol esters in 1 kg of total lipid of rice bran and residue. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0026] The purpose of improving the obesity of human beings, pets or livestock, and preventing or improving lifestyle diseases such as diabetes has been achieved at low cost without compromising safety.

 Example 1

[0027] To 200 g of rice bran obtained from Hiroshima-grown Koshihikari in 2001, add 1 liter of special grade hexane, stir uniformly with a cup-type homogenizer for 12,000 revolutions for 5 minutes, and then suction with No. 1 filter paper Filtration was performed. After repeating this operation again, Hexane was removed with a borator.

 [0028] Next, after adding 2 volumes of distilled water to the defatted cocoon obtained, stirring it uniformly with a cup-type homogenizer for 12000 revolutions for 5 minutes, and then centrifuging at 5000 xg for 20 minutes As recovered. Again, water-soluble components were extracted with distilled water, and after centrifugation, the resulting residue was dried by leaving it at room temperature with an evaporator.

[0029] Next, as shown in Table 1, a test feed containing 0 to 15% by weight of the residue obtained as described above and 1 to 20% by weight of edible fats and oils was prepared. Further, in the component shown in Table 1, 5 parts by weight of cellulose as a crude fiber instead of remaining Kasunuka _^0/0, created a standard diet which was 6% by weight of corn oil as an edible oil.

 [0030] [Table 1]

 [0031] Next, in a laboratory animal facility adjusted to light and dark (12hZl2h) and 23 ° C

120 male 7-week-old C57BLZ6J Jcl mice were randomly divided into 30 groups, and 4 males were housed in cages.

[0032] First, as a preliminary breeding, a standard feed was administered for 1 week for breeding, and then a test diet was administered for 3 weeks. About 5 g per day was administered to feed the mouse as a food intake.

Next, the obesity level (X 10 ^_2 g / m ² ) and blood adiponectin level (g / ml) of mice were examined. An ELIS A measurement kit (Otsuka Pharmaceutical) was used for measurement of blood adiponectin levels.

[0034] [Table 2] Edible oils and fats Residue Obesity Blood key 'Nejo' Nectin level

 Language fee

(Wt%) ^{(wt%) (x10 "2 g /} m 2) (g / ml)

 1 1 0 24.3 0.8

 2 1 1 24.5 1.8

 3 1 5 24.4 2.2

 4 1 10 24.6 2.8

 5 1 15 25.1 3.2

 6 3 0 25.8 0.7

 7 3 1 25.2 1.7

 8 3 5 25.6 2.1

 9 3 10 25.4 2.9

 10 3 15 24.5 3.4

 11 5 0 26.8 1.0

 12 5 1 26.5 1.9

 13 5 5 25.0 2.6

 14 5 10 24.8 3.1

 15 5 15 24.4 3.4

 16 10 0 27.9 1.2

 17 10 1 28.2 1.8

 18 10 5 25.2 2.7

 19 10 10 24.4 3.0

 20 10 15 24.6 3.2

 21 15 0 28.8 0.9

 22 15 1 29.5 2.1

 23 15 5 26.2 2.5

 24 15 10 26.1 3.1

 25 15 15 26.2 3.5

 26 20 0 31.6 0.9

 27 20 1 30.9 1.9

 28 20 5 29.5 2.4

 29 20 10 28.8 3.2

 30 20 15 27.9 3.3

[0035] From FIG. 1, which was created based on the results shown in Table 2, the amount of residual was 1% by weight or more compared to the blood adiponectin level in mice with residual power of ^% by weight (g / ml). Shows that the blood adiponectin level in mice (g / ml) increases. The content of residue bran (wt _^0/0) of blood adiponectin levels in the mice as increased (g / ml) is higher Gawakakaru.

[0036] From FIG. 2, which was created based on the results shown in Table 2, compared to the obesity level of the mouse (X 10 " ² g / m ² ) when the residue is 0% by weight, It can be seen that the obesity level of the mouse (X10 " ² g / m ² ) is low when the residue is 1% by weight or more. Here, in terms of obesity, in the short term, the effect is considered to be slow with the remaining 1%, but when it becomes 5%, the effect is also in the short term. It is powerful to be recognized. It can also be seen that the obesity (X 10 ^_2 g / m ² ) decreases as the residue content (% by weight) increases. When edible fats and oils exceeded 15% by weight, it was difficult to form feed into pellets.

[0037] Next, an experiment was conducted to clarify the active ingredients having anti-obesity and anti-lifestyle disease effects.

 [0038] In cereal meals, it is difficult to extract with a relatively polar solvent such as Kuroguchi Form'methanol mixed solvent, which is difficult to extract with a non-polar solvent such as n-xan. And plant sterol ferulic acid esters. Therefore, we examined the effects of these preparations or mixtures on the adiponectin secretion regulation of adipocytes.

 [0039] As a positive control, used as a therapeutic agent for type 2 diabetes, already known to enhance adiponectin secretion in adipocytes, troglitazone, plant sterol mixture as test substance, cholesterol, hydroxycinnamic acid analog Using plant sterol esters and ferulic acid, we investigated the effects of these on adiponectin secretion by mouse adipocytes.

 [0040] That is, 3T3-L1 fibroblasts were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) to reach confluence, then 1 μΜ dexamethasone, 0.5 mM isobutyl. Differentiation was induced with 10% FB S DMEM containing methylxanthine and 5 / z gZml insulin.

 [0041] After 7 days, 10% FBS-DMEM containing 1 μmolZl of the above test substance was administered to the separated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. After 24 hours, the culture supernatant was collected and the adiponectin ELIS A kit ( Adiponectin concentration was measured by Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. and as shown in Fig. 3.

[0042] As shown in Fig. 3, similar to troglitazone-added cocoon, hydroxycinnamic acid analog plant sterol ester significantly increased adiponectin secretion in 3T3-L1 adipocytes (P <0. 01). ). On the other hand, other plant sterols, ferulic acid and cholesterol-added cocoon plots were stronger than the control plots. Based on the above, the active ingredients in the present invention are hydroxycinnamic acid analog plant sterol esters. it was thought.

 Example 2

 [0043] C57BL / 6Jcl mice were given a feed containing 5% residue and 10% edible oil or fat, or a feed containing no residue containing only 10% edible oil and fat. I was reared. Then, glucose was orally administered to each of these 5 mice, and blood glucose content and insulin level were quantified. The HOMA-IR index (insulin level before glucose load X blood glucose concentration Z22.5), which is an index of insulin resistance, was calculated using the results of this quantification. The results were as shown in the graph of FIG.

[0044] Blood glucose was quantified using a glucose CII test kit from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., and insulin was quantified using a Levis Insulin Mouse ELISA kit from Shibayagi Co., Ltd.

[0045] As shown in Fig. 4, it can be seen that insulin resistance was clearly reduced and improved in the group using the test feed containing residue. Therefore, it can be seen that in mice taking residue, insulin resistance is improved and insulin-induced hypoglycemia occurs rapidly, that is, residue has an effect of improving type 2 diabetes.

 Example 3

 [0046] Total lipids were extracted with a mixed solvent of koji and formaldehyde from rice bran and residue koji, and hydroxycinnamic acid analog plant sterol esters were quantified by HPLC analysis. And, when expressed as hydroxycinnamic acid analog plant sterol esters (mg) per 1 kg, it was as shown in FIG. From this result, it is understood that the amount of hydroxycinnamic acid analog plant sterol esters remaining in the residue is comparable to that of rice bran.

[0047] The results of the above quantification were expressed as hydroxycinnamic acid analog plant sterol esters ( _mg ) per kg of total lipid, as shown in FIG. From this result, it can be seen that the concentration of hydroxycinnamic acid analog plant sterol esters per total lipid remains specifically more than four times higher than that of rice bran.

Claims

 The scope of the claims  [I] A food material having a lipid metabolism regulating action, characterized by comprising defatted koji or residue [2] The food material according to claim 1, wherein the defatted koji or residue contains a fraction having an effect of increasing blood adiponectin concentration. [3] The food material according to [1], wherein the defatted koji or residue contains a fraction having an action of reducing insulin resistance. [4] The food material according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the fractional force is an S-hydroxycinnamic acid analog plant sterol ester. [5] A health food having a function of regulating lipid metabolism, characterized by using defatted koji or residue as one of the raw materials.  6. The health food according to claim 5, wherein the defatted koji or residue contains a fraction having an effect of increasing blood adiponectin concentration. [7] The health food according to [5], wherein the defatted koji or residue contains a fraction having an action of reducing insulin resistance. [8] The health food according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the fractional power is an S-hydroxycinnamic acid analog plant sterol ester. [9] An animal feed having a lipid metabolism-regulating effect, comprising 1 to 20% by weight of lipid and 1 to 15% by weight of defatted residue or residue. 10. The animal feed according to claim 9, wherein the fat contains 3 to 10% by weight of edible fats and oils and 5 to 10% by weight of the defatted koji or residue.  [II] The animal feed according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the defatted koji or residue contains a fraction having an effect of increasing blood adiponectin concentration.  12. The animal feed according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the defatted meal or residue contains a fraction having an action of reducing insulin resistance. [13] The animal feed according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the fractional force is an S-hydroxycinnamic acid analog plant sterol ester. [14] Containing 1 to 20% by weight of lipid and 1 to 15% by weight of defatted residue or residue An animal breeding method comprising feeding an animal feed and raising an animal.  15. The animal breeding method according to claim 14, wherein the fat contains 3 to 10% by weight of edible fats and oils and 5 to 10% by weight of the defatted lees or residues. . 16. The animal breeding method according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the defatted lees or residues include a fraction having an effect of increasing blood adiponectin concentration. 17. The animal breeding method according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the defatted lees or residues include a fraction having an action of reducing insulin resistance. 18. The animal breeding method according to claim 16 or 17, wherein the fractional force is an S-hydroxycinnamic acid analog plant sterol ester.