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WO2006081976A1 - Mutant of fluorescent protein cgfp, and the use thereof - Google Patents

Mutant of fluorescent protein cgfp, and the use thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006081976A1
WO2006081976A1 PCT/EP2006/000669 EP2006000669W WO2006081976A1 WO 2006081976 A1 WO2006081976 A1 WO 2006081976A1 EP 2006000669 W EP2006000669 W EP 2006000669W WO 2006081976 A1 WO2006081976 A1 WO 2006081976A1
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Prior art keywords
protein
cgfp
fluorescent
marker
nucleic acid
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Stefan Golz
Eugene Vysotski
Svetlana Markova
Ludmilla Burakova
Ludmilla Frank
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Bayer AG
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Bayer Healthcare AG
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07KPEPTIDES
    • C07K14/00Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • C07K14/435Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
    • C07K14/43504Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from invertebrates
    • C07K14/43595Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from invertebrates from coelenteratae, e.g. medusae

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the nucleotide and amino acid sequence, as well as the activity and use of mutants of the fluorescent protein CGFP (fluorescence protein of clytia gregaria).
  • CGFP fluorescent protein of clytia gregaria
  • a variety of coelenterates are bioluminescent (Morin et al., 1974) and emit blue or green light.
  • Aequoria victoria (Shimomura et al., 1962), aequorin identified as the first light-producing protein in 1962, emitted blue light as an isolated protein and did not emit Aequoria victoria like the phenotypically observed green light.
  • the green fluorescent protein (GFP) could be isolated from Aequoria victoria, which causes the medusa to appear phenotypically green due to the stimulation by the aequorin (Johnson et al, 1962, Hastings et al., 1969, Inouye et al, 1994).
  • Green fluorescent proteins could be isolated from different organisms. These include the Hydozoa (aequoria, halistaura obelia) and anthropods (acanthotilum, sea cactus, cavernularia, renila, ptilosarcus, stylatula) (Morin et al., 1971, Morin et al., 1971 TL, Wampler et al., 1971, Wampler et al., 1973, Cormier et al., 197.3, Cormier et al., 1974, Levine et al., 1982).
  • the fluorescent proteins differ not only in their nucleotide and amino acid sequence, but also in their biochemical and physical properties.
  • the spectral characteristics of the fluorescent proteins may differ both on the exitation and on the emission side.
  • An overview of the spectra of the fluorescence and the excitation wavelength can be found in Table 2.
  • Fluorescent proteins are already being used in a wide variety of fields.
  • Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET), Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer (BRET) and other energy transfer methods has already been described in the literature (Mitra et al., 1996, Ward et al., 1978, Cardullo et al,
  • Reporter or indicator genes are generally genes whose gene products can easily be detected by simple biochemical or histochemical methods. There are at least two types of reporter genes.
  • Resistance genes are genes whose expression confers on a cell resistance to antibiotics or other substances whose presence in the growth medium leads to cell death when the resistance gene is absent.
  • reporter gene The products of reporter genes are used in genetic engineering as fused or unfused indicators. Among the most common reporter genes is beta-galactosidase (Alam et al., 1990), alkaline phosphatase (Yang et al., 1997, Cullen et al., 1992), luciferases, and other photoproteins (Shinomura, 1985, Phillips GN, 1997; Snowdowne et al., 1984).
  • Luminescence is the emission of photons in the visible spectral range, this being done by excited emitter molecules. In contrast to fluorescence, the energy is not supplied from outside in the form of radiation of shorter wavelength.
  • Chemiluminescence is a chemical reaction that leads to an excited molecule that glows when the excited electrons return to their ground state. When this reaction is catalyzed by an enzyme, it is called bioluminescence.
  • the enzymes involved in the reaction are generally referred to as luciferases.
  • the mutations were inserted using molecular biological methods.
  • the "Quick change” method of the company Stratagene catalog number # 200521; Revision # 063001b, edition 2003 was used.
  • fluorescent proteins have already been described that changed by the exchange of individual amino acids? have spectral, physicochemical or biochemical properties. These include EGFP (Falkow et al., 1996).
  • the physicochemical changes of the mutant are based on a changed maturation time.
  • the term "maturation time” (short maturation time) refers to the period of complete differentiation or formation of the functional structure, whereby protein folding and the formation of primary, secondary, or tertiary structures play a decisive role.
  • B ei expression of the mutant in CGFP in eukaryotic cells was surprisingly found that the proportion of fluorescent cell clones significantly increased.
  • the fluorescent protein in CGFP has a combination of two mutations leading to altered physicochemical and biochemical properties. These mutations are amino acid substitutions at positions 164 and 169. At position 164, an isoleucine (I) was replaced by an alanine (A) and at position 169 an alanine (A) was replaced by a cysteine (C).
  • the fluorescent protein in CGFP shows the highest homology at the amino acid level to CGFP from Clytia gregaria with a 99% identity (shown in Figure 4).
  • the fluorescent protein in the CGFP shows an altered fluorescence intensity.
  • the fluorescent protein in the CGFP shows altered expressibility in eukaryotic systems.
  • the invention relates to the fluorescent protein in CGFP having the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2.
  • the invention also relates to the nucleic acid molecule represented by SEQ ID NO: 1.
  • the invention also relates to functional equivalents of the fluorescent protein in the CGFP.
  • Functional equivalents are those proteins that have comparable physicochemical properties.
  • the invention also relates to combinations of the amino acid replacement at position 164 with an amino acid substitution at position 169 by a cysteine-divergent amino acid.
  • the invention also relates to combinations of the amino acid substitution at position 169 with an amino acid substitution at position 164 by an alanine-deviating amino acid.
  • the invention also relates to combinations of the amino acid substitution at position 164 with one or more other mutations.
  • the invention also relates to combinations of amino acid replacement at position 169 with one or more other mutations.
  • the invention relates to CGFP proteins which, in the region of amino acid positions 154 to 179, preferably have 165 to 170, in particular 164 and 169, one or more amino acid substitutions which lead to altered biochemical or physicochemical properties.
  • the amino acid sequence of the fluorescent protein .CGFP is represented by SEQ ID NO: 4.
  • the invention also relates to the nucleic acid molecule shown in SEQ ID NO: 3.
  • the invention relates to CGFP proteins which, in the region of amino acid positions 154 to 179, preferably have 165 to 170, in particular 164 and 169 one or more amino acid substitutions in combination with one or more mutations outside the preferred range which lead to altered physicochemical or biochemical properties ,
  • the invention also relates to fragments of CGPF 'proteins which have in the region of amino acid positions 154 to 179 preferably 165 to 170, in particular 164 and 169 one or more amino acid substitutions.
  • the invention also relates to chimeric proteins consisting of fragments of CGFP proteins which have in the region of 154 to 179 preferably 165 to 170, in particular 164 and 169 one or more amino acid exchanges and other fluorescent proteins or fragments of other fluorescent proteins,
  • regions with a similar Motif here are those sequences that have an identity of 80%, preferably 90% in this area.
  • mutants of the fluorescent protein in the CGFP protein or for such encoding nucleic acids are according to the invention.
  • the change of fluorescent proteins in the similar region of the proteme structure are according to the invention.
  • HCS high content screening
  • the protein in CGFP is useful as reporter gene for cellular systems especially for receptors, for ion channels, for transporters, for transcription factors or for inducible systems.
  • the protein in CGFP is useful as a reporter gene in bacterial and eukaryotic systems, especially in mammalian cells, in bacteria, in yeasts, in bakulo, in plants
  • the protein in CGFP is useful as a reporter gene for cellular systems in combination with bioluminescent or chemiluminescent systems, especially systems with luciferases, with oxygenases, with phosphatases.
  • the protein in the CGFP is suitable as a marker protein, especially in the FACS (fluorescence activated cell sorter) sorting.
  • the protein in CGFP is useful as a fusion protein especially for receptors, ion channels, transporters, transcription factors, proteinases, kinases, phosphodiesterases, hydrolases, peptidases, transferases, membrane proteins, glycoproteins.
  • the protein in the CGFP is suitable for immobilization specifically by antibodies, by biotin, by magnetic or magnetizable carriers.
  • the protein imCGFP suitable as a protein for energy transfer systems, especially FRET (Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer), BRET- (Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer), FET (field effect transistors), FP (fluorescence polarization), HTRF (Homogeneous time- resolved fluorescence) systems.
  • FRET Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer
  • BRET- Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer
  • FET field effect transistors
  • FP fluorescence polarization
  • HTRF Homogeneous time- resolved fluorescence
  • the protein in CGFP is useful as a marker of substrates or ligands specifically for proteases, for kinases, for transferases, for transporters, for ion channels.
  • the protein in the CGFP is suitable for expression in bacterial systems specifically for titer determination, as substrates for biochemical systems specifically for proteinases and kinases.
  • the protein in CGEP is useful as a marker specifically coupled to antibodies coupled to enzymes coupled to Si receptors coupled to ion channels and other proteins.
  • the protein in the CGFP is suitable as a reporter gene in the pharmacological drug discovery, especially in HTS (High Throughput Screening).
  • the protein in CGFP is suitable as a component of detection systems especially for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunohistochemistry, western blot, confocal microscopy.
  • ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
  • the protein in CGFP is useful as a marker for the analysis of interactions specifically for protein-protein interactions, for DNA-protein interactions, for DNA-RNA interactions, for RNA-RNA interactions, for RNA-protein interactions (DNA: deoxyribonucleic acid; RNA: ribonucleic acid).
  • the protein in CGFP is useful as a marker or fusion protein for expression in transgenic organisms, especially in mice, in rats, in hamsters and other mammals, in primates, in fish, in worms, in plants.
  • the protein in CGFP is useful as a marker or fusion protein for analysis of embryonic development.
  • the protein in CGFP is useful as a marker via a coupling agent specifically via biotin, via NHS (N-hydroxysulfosuccimide), via CN-Br.
  • the protein in CGFP is useful as a reporter coupled to nucleic acids, especially DNA, RNA.
  • the protein in CGFP is useful as a reporter coupled to proteins or peptides.
  • the protein coupled to nucleic acids or peptides in the CGFP is useful as a probe especially for Northern blots, for Southern blots, for Western blots, for ELISA, for nucleic acid sequencing, for protein analyzes, chip analyzes.
  • the protein in CGFP is useful as a marker of pharmacological formulations especially of infectious agents, antibodies, "small molecules”.
  • the protein in the CGFP is useful as a geological survey especially for marine, groundwater and river currents.
  • the protein in CGFP is useful for expression in expression systems, especially in in vitro translation systems, in bacterial systems, in yeast systems, in i & coco systems, in viral systems, in eukaryotic systems.
  • the protein in CGFP is useful as a visualization of tissues or cells during surgery, especially invasive, non-invasive, minimally-invasive.
  • the protein in CGFP is also useful for labeling tumor tissues and other phenotypically altered tissues, especially in histological examination, in surgical procedures.
  • the invention also relates to the purification of the protein in the CGFP specifically as a wild-type protein, as a fusion protein, as a mutagenized protein.
  • the invention also relates to the use of imCGFP in the field of cosmetics especially bath preparations, lotions, soaps, body colors, toothpaste, body powders.
  • the invention also relates to the use of imCGFP for dyeing foodstuffs, bath additives, ink, textiles, plastics.
  • the invention also relates to the use of imCGFP for coloring paper, especially greetings cards, paper products, wallpapers, craft articles.
  • the invention also relates to the use of imCGFP for dyeing liquids especially for water pistols, for fountains, for drinks, for ice cream.
  • the invention also relates to the use of imCGFP for the manufacture of toys, especially finger paint, make-up.
  • the invention relates to organisms containing a vector according to the invention.
  • the invention relates to organisms expressing a polypeptide of the invention.
  • the invention relates to organisms expressing a functional equivalent of imCGFP.
  • the invention relates to methods for expression of the fluorescent invention
  • Polypeptides in bacteria, eukaryotic cells or in in vitro expression systems Polypeptides in bacteria, eukaryotic cells or in in vitro expression systems.
  • the invention also relates to methods for purifying / isolating a polypeptide of the invention. - *
  • the invention relates to peptides having more than 5 consecutive amino acids which are recognized immunologically by antibodies against the fluorescent proteins of the invention.
  • the invention relates to the use of the fluorescent proteins according to the invention as marker and reporter genes, in particular for the pharmacological drug discovery and diagnostics.
  • the invention relates to the fluorescent protein in CGFP having the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 and the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1.
  • the invention relates to organisms containing a vector according to the invention.
  • the invention relates to organisms expressing a polypeptide of the invention
  • the invention relates to methods for expression of the fluorescent polypeptides according to the invention in bacteria, eukaryotic cells or in in vitro expression systems.
  • the invention also relates to methods for purification / isolation of a fluorescent polypeptide according to the invention.
  • the invention relates to peptides having more than 5 consecutive amino acids, which are recognized immunologically by antibodies against the fluorescent proteins according to the invention.
  • the invention relates to the use of the fluorescent proteins according to the invention as marker and reporter genes, in particular for the pharmacological drug discovery and diagnostics.
  • the invention relates to organisms containing a vector according to the invention.
  • the invention relates to organisms expressing a polypeptide of the invention
  • the invention relates to methods for expression of the fluorescent polypeptides according to the invention in bacteria, eukaryotic cells or in in vitro expression systems. .
  • the invention also relates to methods for purification / isolation of a fluorescent polypeptide according to the invention.
  • the invention relates to peptides having more than 5 consecutive amino acids, which are recognized immunologically by antibodies against the fluorescent proteins according to the invention. _ ⁇
  • the invention relates to the use of the fluorescent proteins according to the invention as
  • Marker and reporter genes in particular for pharmacological drug discovery and diagnostics.
  • a fluorescent protein characterized in that its sequence comprises the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2, as well as functional fragments thereof.
  • nucleic acid molecule which encodes a protein is that its sequence comprises the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2, as well as functional fragments thereof.
  • a component of the invention is a fluorescent protein, characterized in that it comprises an amino acid sequence which is represented by the SEQ ID NO: 4, but in Range of positions 154 to 179 has one or more mutations, which lead to a faster folding time of the protein, as well as its functional fragments.
  • nucleic acid molecule which encodes a protein as described in the preceding section.
  • nucleic acid molecule as described in the preceding 4 sections, characterized in that it contains a functional promoter 5 'to the coding sequence.
  • a component of the invention is a recombinant RNA or DNA vector which comprises a nucleic acid as described in the preceding section.
  • an organism containing a vector is as described in the preceding section.
  • Component of the invention is a method of expressing a polypeptide of the invention in bacteria, eukaryotic cells, or in in vitro translation systems.
  • the invention also provides a method for purifying a polypeptide as described in the preceding section.
  • a component of the invention is the use of a nucleic acid according to the invention or 6 as a marker or reporter gene also in combination with one or more other markers or reporter genes.
  • a component of the invention is likewise the use of a protein according to the invention as marker or reporter gene also in combination with one or more other markers or
  • Also according to the invention is a fluorescent protein, characterized in that it has a faster folding time compared to the original sequence by insertion of one or more mutations.
  • Also according to the invention is a fluorescent protein, characterized in that it by
  • Also part of the invention are processes for the preparation of a fluorescent protein, characterized in that it incorporates one or more mutations by insertion of one or more mutations has changed folding time compared to the original sequence, wherein one or more mutations are introduced by conventional mutagenesis methods.
  • the invention relates to the use of the fluorescent proteins according to the invention as a component of homo- or heterodiimers or multimers of fluorescent proteins which are linked to one another directly or by linkers.
  • a change in the RNA stability or RNA folding of the fluorescent protein CGFP or mutants of the fluorescent protein CGFP can also lead to altered biochemical or physicochemical properties of the protein.
  • the mutant fluorescent protein in the CGFP is encoded by the following nucleotide sequence
  • nucleotides encoding amino acid positions 164 and 169 are underlined.
  • the fluorescent protein CGFP is encoded by the following nucleotide sequence (SEQ ID NO: 3):
  • Fig. 1 shows the plasmid map of the vector pTriplEX2-imCGFP.
  • Fig. 2 shows the plasmid map of the vector pcDNA3-imCGFP.
  • Fig. 3 shows the plasmid map of the vector pcDNA3-CGFP.
  • Fig. 4 shows the spectrum of imCGFP. Excitation spectrum (-); Fluorescence (); X
  • Axis wavelength in nm
  • Y axis relative fluorescence intensity
  • the plasmid pTriplEx2 Clontech was used as a vector for the preparation of the construct shown below.
  • the cloning was carried out in the SfII position of the expression vector using standard molecular biological methods.
  • the derivative of the vector was termed pTriplEx2-imCGFP.
  • the vector pTriplEx2-imCGFP was used to express imCGFP in bacterial systems.
  • Fig. 1 shows the plasmid map of the vector pTriplEX2-imCGFP.
  • the plasmid pcDNA3.1 (+) from Clontech was used as a vector for the preparation of the construct shown below.
  • the cloning was carried out in the BamHI / NotI position of the expression vector using standard molecular biological methods.
  • the derivative of the vector was designated pcDNA3-imCGFP.
  • the vector pcDNA3-imCGFP was used to express imCGFP in eukaryotic systems.
  • Fig. 2 shows the plasmid map of the vector pcDNA3-inCGFP.
  • Bacterial expression was carried out in E. coli strain BL21 (DE3) by transformation of the bacteria with the expression plasmids pTriplEX2-imCGFP and pTriplEX2. The transformed bacteria were incubated in LB medium at 37 0 C for 3 hours and the expression for 4
  • the constitutive eukaryotic expression was carried out in CHO cells by transfecting the cells with the expression plasmids pcDNA3-imCGFP, pcDNA3-CGFP and pcDNA3.1 (+) in transient experiments.
  • 10,000 cells per well in DMEM-F12 medium were plated on 96-well microtiter plates and incubated overnight at 37 ° C.
  • the transfection took place with Help of the Fugene 6 kit (Roche) according to manufacturer's instructions.
  • the transfected cells were incubated overnight at 37 ° C in DMEM-F12 medium.
  • the fluorescence was measured in the fluorometer at room temperature.
  • Table 4 summarizes the results of the comparison. Shown are the number of fluorescent cells after transient transfection of CHO cells with the vectors pcDNA3-CGFP or pcDNA3-imCGFP or pcDNA3 (+) [without cDNA insertion].
  • the numbers given in the columns pcDNA3-CGFP, pcDNA3-imCGFP and pcDNA3 correspond to the number of fluorescent cells after transient transfection with the corresponding vector (of 10,000 transfected cells).
  • Table 5 summarizes the results of the study. Shown are the number of fluorescent bacterial clones at 20 0 C and 37 0 C.
  • the numbers given in the columns 2O 0 C and 37 0 C correspond to the number of fluorescent bacteriaHonen after transfection with the vectors pTriplEx2-CGFP or ⁇ TriplEx2- imCGFP and subsequent induction.
  • E. coli BL21 (DE3) were transformed with the plasmids pTriplEX2-CGFP or pTriplEX2-imCGFP.
  • the induction was carried out by the addition of - 1 mM IPTG and an incubation of 4 hours at 37 0 C.
  • the bacteria were harvested and resuspended in PBS.
  • the lysis was carried out by ultrasound. Subsequently, the fluorescence was measured in the fluorometer.
  • FIG. 4 shows the excitation and emission of the imCGFP

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Abstract

The invention relates to the nucleotide and amino acid sequence, to the activity and to the use of mutants of fluorescent protein CGFP.

Description

Mutanten des fluoreszierenden Proteins CGFPs, sowie deren VerwendungMutants of the fluorescent protein CGFPs, as well as their use

Die Erfindung betrifft die Nukleotid- und Aminosäuresequenz, sowie die Aktivität und Verwendung von Mutanten des fluoreszierenden Proteins CGFP (fluorescence protein of clytia gregaria).The invention relates to the nucleotide and amino acid sequence, as well as the activity and use of mutants of the fluorescent protein CGFP (fluorescence protein of clytia gregaria).

Fluoreszierende ProteineFluorescent proteins

Eine Vielzahl an Coelenteraten sind biolumineszent (Morin et al., 1974) und emittieren blaues oder grünes Licht. Das 1962 als erstes Licht produzierendes Protein identifizierte Aequorin aus Aequoria victoria (Shimomura et al., 1962) emittierte als isoliertes Protein ein blaues Licht und nicht wie das phenotypisch beobachtete grüne Licht von Aequoria victoria. Später konnte das grün fluoreszierende Protein (GFP) aus Aequoria victoria isoliert werden, das Aufgrund der Anregung durch das Aequorin die Meduse phenotypisch grün erscheinen lässt (Johnson et al, 1962; Hastings et al., 1969; Inouye et al, 1994).A variety of coelenterates are bioluminescent (Morin et al., 1974) and emit blue or green light. Aequoria victoria (Shimomura et al., 1962), aequorin identified as the first light-producing protein in 1962, emitted blue light as an isolated protein and did not emit Aequoria victoria like the phenotypically observed green light. Later, the green fluorescent protein (GFP) could be isolated from Aequoria victoria, which causes the medusa to appear phenotypically green due to the stimulation by the aequorin (Johnson et al, 1962, Hastings et al., 1969, Inouye et al, 1994).

Grün fluoreszierende Proteine konnten aus unterschiedlichen Organismen isoliert werden. Hierzu zählen die Hydozoa (aequoria, halistaura obelia) und Anthropoden (acanthotilum, sea cactus, cavernularia, renila, ptilosarcus, stylatula) (Morin et al., 1971; Morin et al., 1971 TL, Wampler et al., 1971, Wampler et al., 1973, Cormier et al., 197.3, Cormier et al., 1974, Levine et al., 1982).Green fluorescent proteins could be isolated from different organisms. These include the Hydozoa (aequoria, halistaura obelia) and anthropods (acanthotilum, sea cactus, cavernularia, renila, ptilosarcus, stylatula) (Morin et al., 1971, Morin et al., 1971 TL, Wampler et al., 1971, Wampler et al., 1973, Cormier et al., 197.3, Cormier et al., 1974, Levine et al., 1982).

Eine Zusammenfassung einiger fluoreszierender Proteine findet sich in Tabelle 1 :A summary of some fluorescent proteins can be found in Table 1:

Tabelle 1Table 1

Übersicht über einige fluoreszierende Proteine. Angegeben ist der Name, der Organismus aus dem das Protein isoliert worden ist und die Identifikationsnummer (Acc. No.) des Datenbankeintrages.Overview of some fluorescent proteins. Given is the name, the organism from which the protein has been isolated and the identification number (Acc No.) of the database entry.

Figure imgf000002_0001
Figure imgf000003_0001
Figure imgf000002_0001
Figure imgf000003_0001

Die fluoreszierenden Proteine unterscheiden sich nicht nur aufgrund ihrer Nukleotid- und Aminosäuresequenz, sondern auch aufgrund ihrer biochemischen und physikalischen Eigenschaften. Die spektralen Charakteristika der fluoreszierenden Proteine können sich sowohl auf der Exitations- als auch auf der Emmisionsseite unterscheiden. Eine Übersicht der Spektren der Fluoreszenz und der Anregungswellenlänge findet sich in Tabelle 2.The fluorescent proteins differ not only in their nucleotide and amino acid sequence, but also in their biochemical and physical properties. The spectral characteristics of the fluorescent proteins may differ both on the exitation and on the emission side. An overview of the spectra of the fluorescence and the excitation wavelength can be found in Table 2.

Tabelle 2Table 2

Übersicht über einige fluoreszierende Proteine. Angegeben ist der Organismus aus dem das Protein isoliert worden ist, die Anregungs- und Emissionswellenlängen, die bei Spektralanalysen bestimmt worden sind.Overview of some fluorescent proteins. Given is the organism from which the protein has been isolated, the excitation and emission wavelengths that have been determined in spectral analyzes.

Figure imgf000003_0002
Figure imgf000003_0002

Die Verwendung von fluoreszierenden Proteinen wurde bereits zuvor beschrieben. Eine Übersicht findet sich in Tabelle 3 : ~The use of fluorescent proteins has been previously described. An overview can be found in Table 3: ~

Tabelle 3Table 3

Übersicht über einige fluoreszierende Proteine. Angegeben ist der Organismus aus dem das Protein isoliert worden ist, der Name des fluoreszierenden Proteins und eine Auswahl an Patenten bzw. Anmeldungen. Overview of some fluorescent proteins. Given is the organism from which the protein has been isolated, the name of the fluorescent protein and a selection of patents or applications.

Figure imgf000004_0001
Figure imgf000004_0001

Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass durch die Veränderung der Aminosäuresequenz von fluoreszierenden Proteinen die physikalischen und biochemischen Eigenschaften verändert werden können. Beispiele von mutagenisierten fluoreszierenden Proteinen sind in der Literatur beschrieben (Delagrave et al., 1995; Ehrig et al., 1995; Heim et al., 1996).It has been shown that by altering the amino acid sequence of fluorescent proteins, the physical and biochemical properties can be changed. Examples of mutagenized fluorescent proteins are described in the literature (Delagrave et al., 1995; Ehrig et al., 1995; Heim et al., 1996).

Fluoreszierende Proteine finden bereits in unterschiedlichsten Gebieten eine Anwendung. Die Verwendung von fluoreszierende Proteinen beim "Fluorescence Resonance Energy Tranfer"(FRET), "Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer' (BRET) und anderen Energietransferverfahren wurde bereits in der Literatur beschrieben (Mitra et al., 1996; Ward et al., 1978; Cardullo et al,Fluorescent proteins are already being used in a wide variety of fields. The use of fluorescent proteins in Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET), Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer (BRET) and other energy transfer methods has already been described in the literature (Mitra et al., 1996, Ward et al., 1978, Cardullo et al,

1988; US patent no„4,777,128; US patent no. 5,126,508; US patent no. 4,927,923; US_.,patent no. 5,279,943). Weitere Nicht-radioaktive Methoden zum Energietransfer mittels GFP wurden in ebenfalls bereits beschrieben (PCT appl. WO 98/02571 and WO 97/28261)1988; US Patent No. 4,777,128; US Patent No. 5,126,508; US Patent No. 4,927,923; US Pat. No. 5,279,943). Further non-radioactive methods for energy transfer by means of GFP have also already been described (PCT appl. WO 98/02571 and WO 97/28261)

ReportersvstemeReportersvsteme

Als Reporter- oder Indikatorgen bezeichnet man generell Gene, deren Genprodukte sich mit Hilfe einfacher biochemischer oder histochemischer Methoden leicht nachweisen lassen. Man unterscheidet mindestens 2 Typen von Reportergenen.Reporter or indicator genes are generally genes whose gene products can easily be detected by simple biochemical or histochemical methods. There are at least two types of reporter genes.

1. Resistenzgene. Als Resistenzgene werden Gene bezeichnet, deren Expression einer Zelle die Resistenz gegen Antibiotika oder andere Substanzen verleiht, deren Anwesenheit im Wachstumsmedium zum Zelltod führt, wenn das Resistenzgen fehlt. 2. Reportergen. Die Produkte von Reportergenen werden in der Gentechnologie als fusionierte oder unfusionierte Indikatoren verwendet. Zu den gebräuchlichsten Reportergenen gehört die beta-Galaktosidase (Alam et al., 1990), alkalische Phosphatase (Yang et al., 1997; Cullen et al., 1992), Luciferasen und andere Photoproteine (Shinomura, 1985; Phillips GN, 1997; Snowdowne et al., 1984).1. resistance genes. Resistance genes are genes whose expression confers on a cell resistance to antibiotics or other substances whose presence in the growth medium leads to cell death when the resistance gene is absent. 2. reporter gene. The products of reporter genes are used in genetic engineering as fused or unfused indicators. Among the most common reporter genes is beta-galactosidase (Alam et al., 1990), alkaline phosphatase (Yang et al., 1997, Cullen et al., 1992), luciferases, and other photoproteins (Shinomura, 1985, Phillips GN, 1997; Snowdowne et al., 1984).

Als Lumineszenz bezeichnet man die Abstrahlung von Photonen im- sichtbaren Spektralbereich, wobei diese durch angeregte Emittermoleküle erfolgt. Im Unterschied zur Fluoreszenz wird hierbei die Energie nicht von Außen in Form von Strahlung kürzerer Wellenlänge zugeführt.Luminescence is the emission of photons in the visible spectral range, this being done by excited emitter molecules. In contrast to fluorescence, the energy is not supplied from outside in the form of radiation of shorter wavelength.

Man unterscheidet Chemilumineszenz und Biolumineszenz. Als Chemolumineszenz bezeichnet man eine chemische Reaktion die zu einem angeregten Molekül führt, das selbst leuchtet, wenn die angeregten Elektronen in den Grundzustand zurückkehren. Wird diese Reaktion durch ein Enzym katalysiert, spricht man von Biolumineszenz. Die an der Reaktion beteiligten Enzyme werden generell als Luziferasen bezeichnet.A distinction is made between chemiluminescence and bioluminescence. Chemiluminescence is a chemical reaction that leads to an excited molecule that glows when the excited electrons return to their ground state. When this reaction is catalyzed by an enzyme, it is called bioluminescence. The enzymes involved in the reaction are generally referred to as luciferases.

Herstellung der MutantenProduction of the mutants

Zur Herstellung der Mutanten wurde mit Hilfe molekularbiologische Methoden die Mutationen eingefügt. Hierzu wurde das "Quick change" Verfahren der Firma Stratagene (Katalog Nummer #200521; Revision #063001b; Auflage 2003) verwendet.To prepare the mutants, the mutations were inserted using molecular biological methods. For this purpose, the "Quick change" method of the company Stratagene (catalog number # 200521; Revision # 063001b, edition 2003) was used.

CGFP-MutantenCGFP mutants

In der Literatur wurden bereits fluoreszierende Proteine beschrieben, die durch Austausch einzelner Aminosäuren verändertet? spektrale, physikochemische oder biochemische Eigenschaften aufwiesen. Zu diesen gehört EGFP (Falkow et al., 1996).In the literature, fluorescent proteins have already been described that changed by the exchange of individual amino acids? have spectral, physicochemical or biochemical properties. These include EGFP (Falkow et al., 1996).

Durch Einfügen von Mutationen in das zuvor beschriebene fluoreszente Protein CGFP konnte überrascherweise die Mutante imCGFP identifiziert werden, die veränderte physikochemische Eigenschaften aufweiset.By introducing mutations into the previously described fluorescent protein CGFP, it was possible, surprisingly, to identify the mutant in the CGFP which has altered physicochemical properties.

Die physikochemischen Veränderungen der Mutante basieren auf einer veränderten "maturation time".The physicochemical changes of the mutant are based on a changed maturation time.

Als „maturation time" (kurz maturation time) bezeichnet man bei Proteinen den Zeitraum zur vollständigen Ausdifferenzierung oder Ausbildung der funktionellen Struktur. Hierbei spielt die Proteinfaltung und Ausbildung von Primär-, Sekundär-, oder Tertiärstrukturen eine entscheidende Rolle. B ei der Expression der Mutante imCGFP in eukaryotischen Zellen stellte sich überraschenderweise heraus, das sich der Anteil fluoreszenter Zellklone deutlich vergrösserte.In proteins, the term "maturation time" (short maturation time) refers to the period of complete differentiation or formation of the functional structure, whereby protein folding and the formation of primary, secondary, or tertiary structures play a decisive role. B ei expression of the mutant in CGFP in eukaryotic cells was surprisingly found that the proportion of fluorescent cell clones significantly increased.

Das fluoreszente Protein imCGFP weist eine Kombination von zwei Mutationen auf, die zu veränderten physikochemischen und biochemischen Eigenschaften führen. Bei diesen Mutationen handelt es sich um Aminosäureaustausche an den Positionen 164 und 169. An Position 164 wurde ein Isoleucin (I) durch ein Alanin (A) und an Position 169 ein Alanin (A) durch ein Cystein (C) ersetzt.The fluorescent protein in CGFP has a combination of two mutations leading to altered physicochemical and biochemical properties. These mutations are amino acid substitutions at positions 164 and 169. At position 164, an isoleucine (I) was replaced by an alanine (A) and at position 169 an alanine (A) was replaced by a cysteine (C).

Das fluoreszente Protein imCGFP zeigt die höchste Homologie auf Aminosäureebene zu CGFP aus Clytia gregaria mit einer Identität von 99 % (gezeigt in Figur 4).The fluorescent protein in CGFP shows the highest homology at the amino acid level to CGFP from Clytia gregaria with a 99% identity (shown in Figure 4).

Das fluoreszente Protein imCGFP zeigt eine veränderte Fluoreszenzintensität.The fluorescent protein in the CGFP shows an altered fluorescence intensity.

Das fluoreszente Protein imCGFP zeigt eine veränderte Expremierbarkeit in eukaryotischen Systemen.The fluorescent protein in the CGFP shows altered expressibility in eukaryotic systems.

Die Erfindung betrifft das fluoreszente Protein imCGFP mit der Aminosäuresequenz repräsentiert durch SEQ ID NO: 2. Ebenfalls betrifft die Erfindung das Nukleinsäuremolekül dargestellt in SEQ ID NO: 1.The invention relates to the fluorescent protein in CGFP having the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2. The invention also relates to the nucleic acid molecule represented by SEQ ID NO: 1.

Die Erfindung betrifft auch funktionelle Äquivalente des fluoreszenten Proteins imCGFP. Funktionelle Äquivalente sind solche Proteine, die vergleichbare physikochemische Eigenschaften aufweisen.The invention also relates to functional equivalents of the fluorescent protein in the CGFP. Functional equivalents are those proteins that have comparable physicochemical properties.

Die Erfindung betrifft auch Kombinationen aus dem Aminosäureaustausch an Position 164 mit einem Aminosäureäustausch an Position 169 durch eine von Cystein abweichende Aminosäure.The invention also relates to combinations of the amino acid replacement at position 164 with an amino acid substitution at position 169 by a cysteine-divergent amino acid.

Die Erfindung betrifft auch Kombinationen aus dem Aminosäureaustausch an Position 169 mit einem Aminosäureäustausch an Position 164 durch eine von Alanin abweichende Aminosäure.The invention also relates to combinations of the amino acid substitution at position 169 with an amino acid substitution at position 164 by an alanine-deviating amino acid.

Die Erfindung betrifft auch Kombinationen aus dem Aminosäureaustausch an Position 164 mit einer oder mehreren anderen Mutationen.The invention also relates to combinations of the amino acid substitution at position 164 with one or more other mutations.

Die Erfindung betrifft auch Kombinationen aus dem Aminosäureaustausch an Position 169 mit einer oder mehreren anderen Mutationen.The invention also relates to combinations of amino acid replacement at position 169 with one or more other mutations.

Die Erfindung betrifft CGFP Proteine, die im Bereich der Aminosäurepositionen 154 bis 179 bevorzugt 165 bis 170, insbesondere 164 und 169 eine oder mehrere Aminosäureaustausche aufweisen, welche zu veränderten biochemischen oder physikochemischen Eigenschaften führen. Die Aminosäuresequenz des fluoreszenten Proteins .CGFP ist repräsentiert durch SEQ DD NO: 4. Ebenfalls betrifft die Erfindung das Nukleinsäuremolekül dargestellt in SEQ ID NO: 3.The invention relates to CGFP proteins which, in the region of amino acid positions 154 to 179, preferably have 165 to 170, in particular 164 and 169, one or more amino acid substitutions which lead to altered biochemical or physicochemical properties. The amino acid sequence of the fluorescent protein .CGFP is represented by SEQ ID NO: 4. The invention also relates to the nucleic acid molecule shown in SEQ ID NO: 3.

Die Erfindung betrifft CGFP Proteine, die im Bereich der Aminosäurepositionen 154 bis 179 bevorzugt 165 bis 170, insbesondere 164 und 169 eine oder mehrere Aminosäureaustausche auf- weisen in Kombination mit einer oder mehreren Mutationen außerhalb des bevorzugten Bereichs, die zu veränderten physikochemischen oder biochemischen Eigenschaften führen.The invention relates to CGFP proteins which, in the region of amino acid positions 154 to 179, preferably have 165 to 170, in particular 164 and 169 one or more amino acid substitutions in combination with one or more mutations outside the preferred range which lead to altered physicochemical or biochemical properties ,

Die Erfindung betrifft auch Fragmente von CGPF' Proteinen, die im Bereich der Aminosäurepositionen 154 bis 179 bevorzugt 165 bis 170, insbesondere 164 und 169 eine oder mehrere Aminosäureaustausche aufweisen.The invention also relates to fragments of CGPF 'proteins which have in the region of amino acid positions 154 to 179 preferably 165 to 170, in particular 164 and 169 one or more amino acid substitutions.

Die Erfindung betrifft auch chimäre Proteine bestehend aus Fragmenten von CGFP Proteinen die im Bereich der 154 bis 179 bevorzugt 165 bis 170, insbesondere 164 und 169 eine oder mehrere Aminosäureaustausche aufweisen und anderen fluoreszenten Proteinen oder Fragmenten anderer fluoreszenter Proteine,The invention also relates to chimeric proteins consisting of fragments of CGFP proteins which have in the region of 154 to 179 preferably 165 to 170, in particular 164 and 169 one or more amino acid exchanges and other fluorescent proteins or fragments of other fluorescent proteins,

Als Bereiche mit ähnlichem Motif gelten hier solche Sequenzen, die in diesem Bereich eine Identität von 80%, bevorzugter Weise von 90% aufweisen.As regions with a similar Motif here are those sequences that have an identity of 80%, preferably 90% in this area.

Ebenfalls sind funktionelle Fragmente des fluoreszenten Proteins imCGFP Proteins bzw. für solche kodierende Nukleinsäuren erfmdungsgemäß.Also functional fragments of the fluorescent protein in the CGFP protein or for such encoding nucleic acids are erfmdungsgemäß.

Ebenfalls sind Mutanten des fluoreszenten Proteins imCGFP Proteins bzw. für solche kodierende Nukleinsäuren erfindungsgemäß.Likewise, mutants of the fluorescent protein in the CGFP protein or for such encoding nucleic acids are according to the invention.

Die Veränderung von fluoreszenten Proteinen im ähnlichen Bereich der Protemstruktur sind erfin- dungsgemäß.The change of fluorescent proteins in the similar region of the proteme structure are according to the invention.

Das Protein imCGFP eignet sich als Reportergen für die Technik des „high content Screening" (HCS). HCS steht als Übergriff für moderne Mikroskopie-Technologien zur Zellanalyse. Kennzeichnend für HCS-Verfahren ist die quantitative Erfassung mehrerer Parameter auf zellulärer oder subzellulärer EbeneThe protein in CGFP is suitable as a reporter gene for the technique of "high content screening" (HCS) .HCS stands as an encroachment for modern microscopy technologies for cell analysis.Characteristic of HCS methods is the quantitative detection of several parameters at the cellular or subcellular level

Das Protein imCGFP eignet sich als Reportergen für zelluläre Systeme speziell für Rezeptoren, für Ionenkanäle, für Transporter, für Transkriptionsfaktoren oder für induzierbare Systeme.The protein in CGFP is useful as reporter gene for cellular systems especially for receptors, for ion channels, for transporters, for transcription factors or for inducible systems.

Das Protein imCGFP eignet sich als Reportergen in bakteriellen und eukaryotischen Systemen speziell in Säugerzellen, in Bakterien, in Hefen, in Bakulo, in Pflanzen Das Protein imCGFP eignet sich als Reportergen für zelluläre Systeme in Kombination mit biolumineszenten oder chemolumineszenten Systemen speziell Systemen mit Luziferasen, mit Oxygenasen, mit Phosphatasen.The protein in CGFP is useful as a reporter gene in bacterial and eukaryotic systems, especially in mammalian cells, in bacteria, in yeasts, in bakulo, in plants The protein in CGFP is useful as a reporter gene for cellular systems in combination with bioluminescent or chemiluminescent systems, especially systems with luciferases, with oxygenases, with phosphatases.

Das Protein imCGFP eignet sich als sich als Markerprotein, speziell bei der FACS (Fluorescence activated cell sorter) Sortierung.The protein in the CGFP is suitable as a marker protein, especially in the FACS (fluorescence activated cell sorter) sorting.

Das Protein imCGFP eignet sich als Fusionsprotein speziell für Rezeptoren, für Ionenkanäle, für Transporter, für Transkriptionsfaktoren, für Proteinasen, für Kinasen, für Phosphodiesterasen, für Hydrolasen, für Peptidasen, für Transferasen, für Membranproteine, für Glykoproteine.The protein in CGFP is useful as a fusion protein especially for receptors, ion channels, transporters, transcription factors, proteinases, kinases, phosphodiesterases, hydrolases, peptidases, transferases, membrane proteins, glycoproteins.

Das Protein imCGFP eignet sich zur Immobilisierung speziell durch Antikörper, durch Biotin, durch magnetische oder magnetisierbare Träger.The protein in the CGFP is suitable for immobilization specifically by antibodies, by biotin, by magnetic or magnetizable carriers.

' Das Protein imCGFP eignet sich als Protein für Systeme des Energietransfers speziell der FRET- (Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer) ,BRET- (Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer), FET (field effect transistors), FP (fluorescence polarization), HTRF (Homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence) Systemen. 'The protein imCGFP suitable as a protein for energy transfer systems, especially FRET (Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer), BRET- (Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer), FET (field effect transistors), FP (fluorescence polarization), HTRF (Homogeneous time- resolved fluorescence) systems.

Das Protein imCGFP eignet sich als Markierung von Substraten oder Liganden speziell für Proteasen, für Kinasen, für Transferasen, für Transporter, für Ionenkanäle.The protein in CGFP is useful as a marker of substrates or ligands specifically for proteases, for kinases, for transferases, for transporters, for ion channels.

Das Protein imCGFP eignet sich zur Expression in bakteriellen Sytemen speziell zur Titerbestimmung, als Substrate für biochemische Systeme speziell für Proteinasen und Kinasen.The protein in the CGFP is suitable for expression in bacterial systems specifically for titer determination, as substrates for biochemical systems specifically for proteinases and kinases.

Das Protein imCGEP eignet sich als Marker speziell gekoppelt an Antikörper, gekoppelt an Enzyme, gekoppelt Si Rezeptoren, gekoppelt an Ionenkanäle und andere Proteine.The protein in CGEP is useful as a marker specifically coupled to antibodies coupled to enzymes coupled to Si receptors coupled to ion channels and other proteins.

Das Protein imCGFP eignet sich als Reportergen bei der pharmakologischen Wirkstoffsuche speziell im HTS (High Throughput Screening).The protein in the CGFP is suitable as a reporter gene in the pharmacological drug discovery, especially in HTS (High Throughput Screening).

■ Das Protein imCGFP eignet sich als Komponente von Detektionssystemen speziell für ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), für Immunohistochemie, für Western-Blot, für die kon- fokale Mirkoskopie.■ The protein in CGFP is suitable as a component of detection systems especially for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunohistochemistry, western blot, confocal microscopy.

Das Protein imCGFP eignet sich als Marker für die Analyse von Wechselwirkungen speziell für Protein-Protein-Wechselwirkungen, für DNA-Protein-Wechselwirkungen, für DNA-RNA- Wechselwirkungen, für RNA-RNA- Wechselwirkungen, für RNA-Protein-Wechslewirkungen (DNA : deoxyribonucleic acid; RNA : ribonucleic acid). Das Protein imCGFP eignet sich als Marker oder Fusionsproteine für die Expression in transgenen Organismen speziell in Mäusen, in Ratten, in Hamstern und anderen Säugetieren, in Primaten, in Fischen, in Würmern, in Pflanzen.The protein in CGFP is useful as a marker for the analysis of interactions specifically for protein-protein interactions, for DNA-protein interactions, for DNA-RNA interactions, for RNA-RNA interactions, for RNA-protein interactions (DNA: deoxyribonucleic acid; RNA: ribonucleic acid). The protein in CGFP is useful as a marker or fusion protein for expression in transgenic organisms, especially in mice, in rats, in hamsters and other mammals, in primates, in fish, in worms, in plants.

Das Protein imCGFP eignet sich als Marker oder Fusionsprotein zur Analyse der Embryo- nalentwicklung.The protein in CGFP is useful as a marker or fusion protein for analysis of embryonic development.

Das Protein imCGFP eignet sich als Marker über einen Kopplungsvermittler speziell über Biotin, über NHS (N-hydroxysulfosuccimide), über CN-Br.The protein in CGFP is useful as a marker via a coupling agent specifically via biotin, via NHS (N-hydroxysulfosuccimide), via CN-Br.

Das Protein imCGFP eignet sich als Reporter gekoppelt an Nukleinsäuren speziell an DNA, an RNA.The protein in CGFP is useful as a reporter coupled to nucleic acids, especially DNA, RNA.

Das Protein imCGFP eignet sich als Reporter gekoppelt an Proteine oder Peptide.The protein in CGFP is useful as a reporter coupled to proteins or peptides.

Das an Nukleinsäuren oder Peptiden gekoppelte Protein imCGFP eignet sich als Sonde speziell für Northern-Blots, für Southern-Blots, für Western-Blots, für ELISA, für Nukleinsäuresequenzie- rungen, für Proteinanalysen, Chip-Analysen.The protein coupled to nucleic acids or peptides in the CGFP is useful as a probe especially for Northern blots, for Southern blots, for Western blots, for ELISA, for nucleic acid sequencing, for protein analyzes, chip analyzes.

Das Protein imCGFP eignet sich als Markierung von pharmakologischen Formulierungen speziell von infektiösen Agentien, von Antikörpern, von „small molecules".The protein in CGFP is useful as a marker of pharmacological formulations especially of infectious agents, antibodies, "small molecules".

Das Protein imCGFP eignet sich als für geologische Untersuchungen speziell für Meeres-, Grundwasser- und Flussströmungen.The protein in the CGFP is useful as a geological survey especially for marine, groundwater and river currents.

Das Protein imCGFP eignet sich als zur Expression in Expressionssystemen speziell in in-vitro Translationssystemas, in bakteriellen Systemen, in Hefen Systemen, in i&kulo Systemen, in viralen Systemen, in eukaryotischen Systemen.The protein in CGFP is useful for expression in expression systems, especially in in vitro translation systems, in bacterial systems, in yeast systems, in i & coco systems, in viral systems, in eukaryotic systems.

Das Protein imCGFP eignet sich als zur Visualisierung von Geweben oder Zellen bei chirurgischen Eingriffen speziell bei invasiven, bei nicht-invasiven, bei minimal-invasiven.The protein in CGFP is useful as a visualization of tissues or cells during surgery, especially invasive, non-invasive, minimally-invasive.

Das Protein imCGFP eignet sich auch zur Markierung von Tumorgeweben und anderen phänotypisch veränderten Geweben speziell bei der histologischen Untersuchung, bei operativen Eingriffen.The protein in CGFP is also useful for labeling tumor tissues and other phenotypically altered tissues, especially in histological examination, in surgical procedures.

Die Erfindung betrifft auch die Reinigung des Proteins imCGFP speziell als wildtyp Protein, als Fusionsprotein, als mutagenisiertes Protein. Die Erfindung betrifft auch die Verwendung von imCGFP auf dem Gebiet der Kosmetik speziell von Badezusätzen, von Lotionen, von Seifen, von Körperfarben, von Zahncreme, von Körperpudern.The invention also relates to the purification of the protein in the CGFP specifically as a wild-type protein, as a fusion protein, as a mutagenized protein. The invention also relates to the use of imCGFP in the field of cosmetics especially bath preparations, lotions, soaps, body colors, toothpaste, body powders.

Die Erfindung betrifft auch die Verwendung von imCGFP zur Färbung speziell von Nahrungs- mittein, von Badezusätzen, von Tinte, von Textilien, von Kunststoffen.The invention also relates to the use of imCGFP for dyeing foodstuffs, bath additives, ink, textiles, plastics.

Die Erfindung betrifft auch die Verwendung von imCGFP zur Färbung von Papier speziell von Grußkarten, von Papierprodukten, von Tapeten, von Bastelartikeln.The invention also relates to the use of imCGFP for coloring paper, especially greetings cards, paper products, wallpapers, craft articles.

Die Erfindung betrifft auch die Verwendung von imCGFP zur Färbung von Flüssigkeiten speziell für Wasserpistolen, für Springbrunnen, für Getränke, für Eis.The invention also relates to the use of imCGFP for dyeing liquids especially for water pistols, for fountains, for drinks, for ice cream.

Die Erfindung betrifft auch die Verwendung von imCGFP zur Herstellung von Spielwaren speziell von Fingerfarbe, von Schminke.The invention also relates to the use of imCGFP for the manufacture of toys, especially finger paint, make-up.

Die Erfindung betrifft' Organismen, die einen erfindungsgemäßen Vektor enthalten.The invention relates to organisms containing a vector according to the invention.

Die Erfindung betrifft Organismen, die ein erfindungsgemäßes Polypeptid expremieren.The invention relates to organisms expressing a polypeptide of the invention.

Die Erfindung betrifft Organismen, die ein funkionelles Äquivalente von imCGFP expremieren.The invention relates to organisms expressing a functional equivalent of imCGFP.

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf Verfahren zur Expression der erfindungsgemäßen fluoreszierendenThe invention relates to methods for expression of the fluorescent invention

Polypeptide in Bakterien, eukaryontischen Zellen oder in in vitro Expressionssystemen.Polypeptides in bacteria, eukaryotic cells or in in vitro expression systems.

Die Erfindung betrifft auch Verfahren zur Aufreinigung/Isolierung eines erfindungsgemäßen Polypeptides. -* The invention also relates to methods for purifying / isolating a polypeptide of the invention. - *

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf Peptide mit mehr als 5 aufeinanderfolgenden -Aminosäuren, die immunologisch durch Antikörper gegen die erfindungsgemäßen fluoreszierende Proteine erkannt werden.The invention relates to peptides having more than 5 consecutive amino acids which are recognized immunologically by antibodies against the fluorescent proteins of the invention.

Die Erfindung betrifft die Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen fluoreszierenden Proteine als Marker- und Reportergene, insbesondere für die pharmakologische Wirkstoffsuche und Diagnostik.The invention relates to the use of the fluorescent proteins according to the invention as marker and reporter genes, in particular for the pharmacological drug discovery and diagnostics.

Die Erfindung betrifft das fluoreszente Protein imCGFP mit der Aminosäuresequenz repräsentiert durch SEQ ID NO: 2 und der Nukleotidsequenz repräsentiert durch SEQ ID NO: 1.The invention relates to the fluorescent protein in CGFP having the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 and the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1.

Die Erfindung betrifft Organismen, die einen erfindungsgemäßen Vektor enthalten.The invention relates to organisms containing a vector according to the invention.

Die Erfindung betrifft Organismen, die ein erfindungsgemäßes Polypeptid expremieren Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf Verfahren zur Expression der erfindungsgemäßen fluoreszierenden Polypeptide in Bakterien, eukaryontischen Zellen oder in in vitro Expressionssystemen.The invention relates to organisms expressing a polypeptide of the invention The invention relates to methods for expression of the fluorescent polypeptides according to the invention in bacteria, eukaryotic cells or in in vitro expression systems.

Die Erfindung betrifft auch Verfahren zur Aufreinigung/Isolierung eines erfindungsgemäßen fluoreszierenden Polypeptides.The invention also relates to methods for purification / isolation of a fluorescent polypeptide according to the invention.

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf Peptide mit mehr als 5 aufeinanderfolgenden Aminosäuren, die immunologisch durch Antikörper gegen die erfindungsgemäßen fluoreszierende Proteine erkannt werden.The invention relates to peptides having more than 5 consecutive amino acids, which are recognized immunologically by antibodies against the fluorescent proteins according to the invention.

Die Erfindung betrifft die Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen fluoreszierenden Proteine als Marker- und Reportergene, insbesondere für die pharmakologische Wirkstoffsuche und Diag- nostik.The invention relates to the use of the fluorescent proteins according to the invention as marker and reporter genes, in particular for the pharmacological drug discovery and diagnostics.

Die Erfindung betrifft Organismen, die einen erfindungsgemäßen Vektor enthalten.The invention relates to organisms containing a vector according to the invention.

Die Erfindung betrifft Organismen, die ein erfindungsgemäßes Polypeptid expremierenThe invention relates to organisms expressing a polypeptide of the invention

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf Verfahren zur Expression der erfindungsgemäßen fluoreszierenden Polypeptide in Bakterien, eukaryontischen Zellen oder in in vitro Expressionssystemen. ,The invention relates to methods for expression of the fluorescent polypeptides according to the invention in bacteria, eukaryotic cells or in in vitro expression systems. .

Die Erfindung betrifft auch Verfahren zur Aufreinigung/Isolierung eines erfindungsgemäßen fluoreszierenden Polypeptides.The invention also relates to methods for purification / isolation of a fluorescent polypeptide according to the invention.

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf Peptide mit mehr als 5 aufeinanderfolgenden Aminosäuren, die immunologisch durch Antikörper gegen die erfindungsgemäßen fluoreszierende Proteine erkannt werden. _≤The invention relates to peptides having more than 5 consecutive amino acids, which are recognized immunologically by antibodies against the fluorescent proteins according to the invention. _≤

Die Erfindung betrifft die Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen fluoreszierenden Proteine alsThe invention relates to the use of the fluorescent proteins according to the invention as

Marker- und Reportergene, insbesondere für die pharmakologische Wirkstoffsuche und Diagnostik.Marker and reporter genes, in particular for pharmacological drug discovery and diagnostics.

Erfindungsgemäß ist ein fluoreszierendes Protein, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass seine Sequenz die Sequenz dargestellt in SEQ ID NO: 2 umfasst, sowie funktionelle Fragmente desselben.According to the invention, a fluorescent protein, characterized in that its sequence comprises the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2, as well as functional fragments thereof.

Erfindungsgemäß ist des weiteren ein Nukleinsäuremolekül, welches ein Protein kodiert, dass seine Sequenz die Sequenz dargestellt in SEQ ID NO: 2 umfasst, sowie funktionelle Fragmente desselben.Furthermore, according to the invention, a nucleic acid molecule which encodes a protein is that its sequence comprises the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2, as well as functional fragments thereof.

Bestandteil der Erfindung ist ein fluoreszierendes Protein, dadurch gekennzeichnet dass es eine Aminosäuresequenz umfasst, welche durch die SEQ DD NO :4 wiedergegeben ist, jedoch im Bereich der Positionen 154 bis 179 eine oder mehrere Mutationen aufweist, welche zu einer schnelleren Faltungszeit des Proteins führen, sowie dessen funktionellen Fragmente. ■ A component of the invention is a fluorescent protein, characterized in that it comprises an amino acid sequence which is represented by the SEQ ID NO: 4, but in Range of positions 154 to 179 has one or more mutations, which lead to a faster folding time of the protein, as well as its functional fragments.

Ebenfalls erfindungsgemäß ist ein Nukleinsäuremolekül, welches ein Protein wie im vorangehenden Abschnitt beschrieben kodiert.Also according to the invention is a nucleic acid molecule which encodes a protein as described in the preceding section.

Erfindungsgemäß ist ein Nukleinsäuremolekül gemäß wie in den vorhergehenden 4 Abschnitten beschrieben, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es einen funktionellen Promotor 5' zur kodierenden Sequenz enthält.According to the invention, a nucleic acid molecule as described in the preceding 4 sections, characterized in that it contains a functional promoter 5 'to the coding sequence.

Bestandteil der Erfindung ist ein rekombinanter RNA oder DNA-Vektor, welcher eine Nukleinsäure wie im vorangehenden Abschnitt beschrieben umfasst.A component of the invention is a recombinant RNA or DNA vector which comprises a nucleic acid as described in the preceding section.

Erfmdungsgemäß ist ein Organismus, enthaltend einen Vektor wie im vorangehenden Abschnitt beschrieben.According to the invention, an organism containing a vector is as described in the preceding section.

Bestandteil der Erfindung . ist ein Verfahren zur Expression eines erfmdungsgemäßen Polypepetides in Bakterien, eukaryontischen Zellen, oder in in vitro Translationssystemen.Component of the invention. is a method of expressing a polypeptide of the invention in bacteria, eukaryotic cells, or in in vitro translation systems.

Erfindungsgemäß ist auch ein Verfahren zur Aufreinigung eines wie im vorangehenden Abschnitt beschrieben exprimierten Polypeptides.The invention also provides a method for purifying a polypeptide as described in the preceding section.

Bestandteil der Erfindung ist die Verwendung, einer erfindungsgemäßen Nukleinsäure oder 6 als Marker oder Reportergen auch in Kombination mit einem oder mehreren anderen Marker oder Reportergenen.A component of the invention is the use of a nucleic acid according to the invention or 6 as a marker or reporter gene also in combination with one or more other markers or reporter genes.

Bestandteil der Erfindung ist ebenfalls die Verwendung eines erfindungsggmäßen Proteins als Marker oder Reportergen auch in Kombination mit einem oder mehreren anderen Marker oderA component of the invention is likewise the use of a protein according to the invention as marker or reporter gene also in combination with one or more other markers or

Reportergenproteinen..Reportergenproteinen ..

Ebenfalls erfindungsgemäß ist ein fluoreszierendes Protein, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es durch Einfügung von einer' oder mehrerer Mutationen eine schnellere Faltungszeit im Vergleich zur ursprünglichen Sequenz aufweist.Also according to the invention is a fluorescent protein, characterized in that it has a faster folding time compared to the original sequence by insertion of one or more mutations.

Ebenfalls erfindungsgemäß ist ein fluoreszierendes Protein, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es durchAlso according to the invention is a fluorescent protein, characterized in that it by

Einfügung von einer oder mehrerer Mutationen eine veränderte Faltungszeit im Vergleich zur ursprünglichen Sequenz aufweist.Insertion of one or more mutations having a different folding time compared to the original sequence.

Bestandteil der Erfindung sind auch Verfahren zur Herstellung eines fluoreszierendes Protein, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es durch Einfügung von einer oder mehrerer Mutationen eine veränderte Faltungszeit im Vergleich zur ursprünglichen Sequenz aufweist, wobei eine oder mehrere Mutationen mit gängigen Mutagenesemethoden eingeführt werden.Also part of the invention are processes for the preparation of a fluorescent protein, characterized in that it incorporates one or more mutations by insertion of one or more mutations has changed folding time compared to the original sequence, wherein one or more mutations are introduced by conventional mutagenesis methods.

Die Erfindung betrifft die Verwendung der erfϊndungsgemäßen fluoreszierenden Proteine als Komponente von Homo- oder Hetero- Di- oder Multimeren fluoreszenter Proteine, welche direkt oder durch Linker miteinander verbunden sind.The invention relates to the use of the fluorescent proteins according to the invention as a component of homo- or heterodiimers or multimers of fluorescent proteins which are linked to one another directly or by linkers.

Eine Veränderung der RNA-Stabilität oder RNA-Faltung des fluoreszierenden Proteins CGFP oder Mutanten des fluoreszierenden Proteins CGFP kann ebenfalls zu veränderten biochemischen oder physikochemischen Eigenschaften des Proteins führen.A change in the RNA stability or RNA folding of the fluorescent protein CGFP or mutants of the fluorescent protein CGFP can also lead to altered biochemical or physicochemical properties of the protein.

Nukleotid- und AminosäuresequenzenNucleotide and amino acid sequences

Das mutante fluoreszierende Protein imCGFP wird durch die folgende Nukleotidsequenz codiertThe mutant fluorescent protein in the CGFP is encoded by the following nucleotide sequence

. (SEQ ID NO: 1): , (SEQ ID NO: 1):

5Λ- . ' ■ • 5 Λ -. '• •

ATGACTGCACTTACCGAAGGAGCAAAACTGTTCGAGAAAGAAATTCCCTACATTACAG AGTTGGAAGGAGACGTTGAAGGAATGAAATTCATCATCAAAGGTGAAGGTACTGGCG - ACGCTACTACTGGCACCATCAAAGCGAAATATATTTGCACAACTGGTGACCTTCCTGT ACCATGGGCTACCATCTTGAGTAGTTTGTCGTATGGTGTTTTCTGTTTCGCTAAGTATC CACGCCACATTGCCGACTTTTTCAAGAGCACACAACCAGATGGTTATTCACAAGACAG AATCATTAGTTTTGACAATGATGGACAATACGATGTCAAAGCCAAGGTTACTTATGAA AACGGAACACTTTATAATAGAGTCACAGTCAAAGGTACTGGCTTCAAATCAAACGGCA ACATCCTTGGTATGAGAGTTCTCTACCATTCACCACCACACGCTGTCTACATCCTTCCT GACCGTAAAAAΪΌGTGGCATGAAAGCCGAGTACAATAAGTGCTTCSACGTTATGGGC GGTGGTCACCAAATGGCGCGTCACGCCCAATTCAATAAACCACTAGGAGCCTGGGAA.., GAAGATTATCCGTTGTATCATCATCTTACCGTATGGACTTCTTTCGGAAAAGATCCGG ATGATGATGAAACTGACCATTTGACCATCGTCGAAGTCATCAAAGCTGTTGATTTGGA AACATACCGtTAA-3* ATGACTGCACTTACCGAAGGAGCAAAACTGTTCGAGAAAGAAATTCCCTACATTACAG AGTTGGAAGGAGACGTTGAAGGAATGAAATTCATCATCAAAGGTGAAGGTACTGGCG - ACGCTACTACTGGCACCATCAAAGCGAAATATATTTGCACAACTGGTGACCTTCCTGT ACCATGGGCTACCATCTTGAGTAGTTTGTCGTATGGTGTTTTCTGTTTCGCTAAGTATC CACGCCACATTGCCGACTTTTTCAAGAGCACACAACCAGATGGTTATTCACAAGACAG AATCATTAGTTTTGACAATGATGGACAATACGATGTCAAAGCCAAGGTTACTTATGAA AACGGAACACTTTATAATAGAGTCACAGTCAAAGGTACTGGCTTCAAATCAAACGGCA ACATCCTTGGTATGAGAGTTCTCTACCATTCACCACCACACGCTGTCTACATCCTTCCT GACCGTAAAAAΪΌGTGGCATGAAAGCCGAGTACAATAAGTGCTTCSACGTTATGGGC GGTGGTCACCAAATGGCGCGTCACGCCCAATTCAATAAACCACTAGGAGCCTGGGAA .., GAAGATTATCCGTTGTATCATCATCTTACCGTATGGACTTCTTTCGGAAAAGATCCGG ATGATGATGAAACTGACCATTTGACCATCGTCGAAGTCATCAAAGCTGTTGATTTGGA AACATACCGtTAA-3 *

Die für die Aminosäurepositionen 164 und 169 kodierenden Nukleotide sind unterstrichen.The nucleotides encoding amino acid positions 164 and 169 are underlined.

Daraus ergibt sich eine Aminosäuresequenz von (SEQ ID NO: 2):This results in an amino acid sequence of (SEQ ID NO: 2):

MfALTEGAKLFEKEPYrTELEGDVEGMKFIIKGEGTGDATTGTIKAKYICTTGDLPVPWAT ILSSLSYGVFCFAKYPRHIADFFKSTQPDGYSQDPJISFDNDGQYDVKAKVTYENGTLYNR VTVKGTGFKSNGNILGMRVLYHSPPHAVYlLPDRKNGGMKAEYNKCFDVMGGGHQMARMfALTEGAKLFEKEPYrTELEGDVEGMKFIIKGEGTGDATTGTIKAKYICTTGDLPVPWAT ILSSLSYGVFCFAKYPRHIADFFKSTQPDGYSQDPJISFDNDGQYDVKAKVTYENGTLYNR VTVKGTGFKSNGNILGMRVLYHSPPHAVYlLPDRKNGGMKAEYNKCFDVMGGGHQMAR

HAQFNKPLGAWEEDYPLYHHLTVWTSFGKDPDDDETDHLTIVEVIKAVDLETYR Die Aminosäurepositionen 164 und 169 sind unterstrichen.HAQFNKPLGAWEEDYPLYHHLTVWTSFGKDPDDDETDHLTIVEVIKAVDLETYR Amino acid positions 164 and 169 are underlined.

Das fluoreszierende Protein CGFP wird durch die folgende Nukleotidsequenz codiert (SEQ ID NO: 3):The fluorescent protein CGFP is encoded by the following nucleotide sequence (SEQ ID NO: 3):

ATGACTGCACTTACCGAAGGAGCAAAACTGTTCGAGAAAGAAATTCCCTACATTACAGATGACTGCACTTACCGAAGGAGCAAAACTGTTCGAGAAAGAAATTCCCTACATTACAG

AGTTGGAAGGAGACGTTGAAGGAATGAAATTCATCATCAAAGGTGAAGGTACTGGCG ACGCTACTACTGGCACCATCAAAGCGAAATATATTTGCACAACTGGTGACCTTCCTGT ACCATGGGCTACCATCTTGAGTAGTTTGTCGTATGGTGTTTTCTGTTTCGCTAAGTATC CACGCCACATTGCCGACTTTTTCAAGAGCACACAACCAGATGGTTATTCACAAGACAG AATCATTAGTTTTGACAATGATGGACAATACGATGTCAAAGCCAAGGTTACTTATGAAAGTTGGAAGGAGACGTTGAAGGAATGAAATTCATCATCAAAGGTGAAGGTACTGGCG ACGCTACTACTGGCACCATCAAAGCGAAATATATTTGCACAACTGGTGACCTTCCTGT ACCATGGGCTACCATCTTGAGTAGTTTGTCGTATGGTGTTTTCTGTTTCGCTAAGTATC CACGCCACATTGCCGACTTTTTCAAGAGCACACAACCAGATGGTTATTCACAAGACAG AATCATTAGTTTTGACAATGATGGACAATACGATGTCAAAGCCAAGGTTACTTATGAA

AACGGAACACTTTATAATAGAGTCACAGTCAAAGGTACTGGCTTCAAATCAAACGGCA ACATCCTTGGTATGAGAGTTCTCTACCATTCACCACCACACGCTGTCTACATCCTTCCT GACCGTAAAAATGGTGGCATGAAAATTGAATACAATAAGGCTTTCGACGTTATGGGCG GTGGTCACCAAATGGCGCGTCACGCCCAATTCAATAAACCACTAGGAGCCTGGGAAG AAGATTATCCGTTGTATCATCATCTTACCGTATGGACTTCTTTCGGAAAAGATCCGGATAACGGAACACTTTATAATAGAGTCACAGTCAAAGGTACTGGCTTCAAATCAAACGGCA ACATCCTTGGTATGAGAGTTCTCTACCATTCACCACCACACGCTGTCTACATCCTTCCT GACCGTAAAAATGGTGGCATGAAAATTGAATACAATAAGGCTTTCGACGTTATGGGCG GTGGTCACCAAATGGCGCGTCACGCCCAATTCAATAAACCACTAGGAGCCTGGGAAG AAGATTATCCGTTGTATCATCATCTTACCGTATGGACTTCTTTCGGAAAAGATCCGGAT

GATGATGAAACTGACCATTTGACCATCGTCGAAGTCATCAAAGCTGTTGATTTGGAAA CATACCGTTGA-3'.GATGATGAAACTGACCATTTGACCATCGTCGAAGTCATCAAAGCTGTTGATTTGGAAA CATACCGTTGA-3 '.

Daraus ergibt sich eine Aminosäuresequenz von (SEQ ID NO: 4):This results in an amino acid sequence of (SEQ ID NO: 4):

MTALTEGAKLFEKEJPYTTELEGDVEGMKFIIKGEGTGDATTGTRKAKYICTTGDLPVPWAT ILSSLSYGVFCFAKYPRHIADFFKSTQPDGYSQDRΠSFDNDGQYDVKAKVTYENGTLYNR VTVKGTGFKSNGΦ^GMRVLYHSPPHAVYILPDRKNGGMKIEYNKAFPVMGGGHQMAJR. HAQFNKPLGAWEEDYPLYHHLTVWTSFGKDPDDDETDHLTIVEVIKAVDLETYRMTALTEGAKLFEKEJPYTTELEGDVEGMKFIIKGEGTGDATTGTRKAKYICTTGDLPVPWAT ILSSLSYGVFCFAKYPRHIADFFKSTQPDGYSQDRΠSFDNDGQYDVKAKVTYENGTLYNR VTVKGTGFKSNGΦ ^ GMRVLYHSPPHAVYILPDRKNGGMKIEYNKAFPVMGGGHQMAJR. HAQFNKPLGAWEEDYPLYHHLTVWTSFGKDPDDDETDHLTIVEVIKAVDLETYR

Kurzbeschreibung der FigurenBrief description of the figures

Die Fig. 1 zeigt die Plasmidkarte des Vektors pTriplEX2-imCGFP.Fig. 1 shows the plasmid map of the vector pTriplEX2-imCGFP.

Die Fig. 2 zeigt die Plasmidkarte des Vektors pcDNA3-imCGFP .Fig. 2 shows the plasmid map of the vector pcDNA3-imCGFP.

Die Fig. 3 zeigt die Plasmidkarte des Vektors pcDNA3-CGFP .Fig. 3 shows the plasmid map of the vector pcDNA3-CGFP.

Die Fig. 4 zeigt das Spektrum von imCGFP. Anregungsspektrum ( — ); Fluoreszenz ( ); X-Fig. 4 shows the spectrum of imCGFP. Excitation spectrum (-); Fluorescence (); X

Achse : Wellenlänge in nm; Y-Achse : relative Fluoreszenzintensität. BeispieleAxis: wavelength in nm; Y axis: relative fluorescence intensity. Examples

Beispiel 1example 1

Als Vektor zur Herstellung des im folgenden dargestellten Konstruktes wurde das Plasmid pTriplEx2 der Firma Clontech verwendet. Die Klonierung erfolgte in die SfII Position des Expressionsvektors unter Verwendung von molekularbiologischen Standardmethoden. Das Derivat des Vektors wurde als pTriplEx2-imCGFP bezeichnet. Der Vektor pTriplEx2-imCGFP wurde zur Expression von imCGFP in bakteriellen Systemen verwendet.As a vector for the preparation of the construct shown below, the plasmid pTriplEx2 Clontech was used. The cloning was carried out in the SfII position of the expression vector using standard molecular biological methods. The derivative of the vector was termed pTriplEx2-imCGFP. The vector pTriplEx2-imCGFP was used to express imCGFP in bacterial systems.

Die Fig. 1 zeigt die Plasmidkarte des Vektors pTriplEX2-imCGFP.Fig. 1 shows the plasmid map of the vector pTriplEX2-imCGFP.

Beispiel 2Example 2

Als Vektor zur Herstellung des im folgenden dargestellten Konstruktes wurde das Plasmid pcDNA3.1(+) der Firma Clontech verwendet. Die Klonierung erfolgte in die BamHI/Notl Position des Expressionsvektors unter Verwendung von molekularbiologischen Standardmethoden.. Das Derivat des Vektors wurde als pcDNA3-imCGFP bezeichnet. Der Vektor pcDNA3-imCGFP wurde zur Expression von imCGFP in eukaryotischen Systemen verwendet.As a vector for the preparation of the construct shown below, the plasmid pcDNA3.1 (+) from Clontech was used. The cloning was carried out in the BamHI / NotI position of the expression vector using standard molecular biological methods. The derivative of the vector was designated pcDNA3-imCGFP. The vector pcDNA3-imCGFP was used to express imCGFP in eukaryotic systems.

Die Fig. 2 zeigt die Plasmidkarte des Vektors pcDNA3 -imCGFP.Fig. 2 shows the plasmid map of the vector pcDNA3-inCGFP.

Beispiel 3Example 3

Bakterielle ExpressionBacterial expression

Die bakterielle Expression erfolgte im E. coli Stamm BL21(DE3) durch^ Transformation der Bakterien mit den Expressionsplasmiden pTriplEX2-imCGFP und pTriplEX2. Die transformierten Bakterien wurden in LB-Medium bei 370C für 3 Stunden inkubiert und die Expression für 4Bacterial expression was carried out in E. coli strain BL21 (DE3) by transformation of the bacteria with the expression plasmids pTriplEX2-imCGFP and pTriplEX2. The transformed bacteria were incubated in LB medium at 37 0 C for 3 hours and the expression for 4

Stunden durch Zugabe von EPTG bis zu einer Endkonzentration von 1 mM induziert. Die induzierten Bakterien wurden durch Zentrifugation geerntet, in PBS resuspendiert und durch Ultraschall aufgeschlossen. Die Fluoreszenz wurde mit Hilfe eines Fluorometers bestimmt.Hours induced by the addition of EPTG to a final concentration of 1 mM. The induced bacteria were harvested by centrifugation, resuspended in PBS and disrupted by sonication. The fluorescence was determined by means of a fluorometer.

Beispiel 4Example 4

Eukaryotische ExpressionEukaryotic expression

Die konstitutive eukaryotische Expression erfolgte in CHO-Zellen durch Transfektion der Zellen mit den Expressionsplasmiden pcDNA3-imCGFP, pcDNA3-CGFP und pcDNA3.1(+) in transienten Experimenten. Hierzu wurden 10000 Zellen pro Loch in DMEM-F12 Medium auf 96 Loch Mikrotiterplatten plattiert und über Nacht bei 370C inkubiert. Die Transfektion erfolgte mit Hilfe des Fugene 6 Kits (Roche) nach Herstellerangaben. Die transfizierten Zellen wurden über Nacht bei 37°C in DMEM-F12 Medium inkubiert. Die Messung der Fluoreszenz erfolgte im Fluorometer bei Raumtemperatur.The constitutive eukaryotic expression was carried out in CHO cells by transfecting the cells with the expression plasmids pcDNA3-imCGFP, pcDNA3-CGFP and pcDNA3.1 (+) in transient experiments. For this purpose, 10,000 cells per well in DMEM-F12 medium were plated on 96-well microtiter plates and incubated overnight at 37 ° C. The transfection took place with Help of the Fugene 6 kit (Roche) according to manufacturer's instructions. The transfected cells were incubated overnight at 37 ° C in DMEM-F12 medium. The fluorescence was measured in the fluorometer at room temperature.

Beispiel 5Example 5

Vergleich der fluoreszenten Proteine CGFP und imCGFPComparison of the fluorescent proteins CGFP and imCGFP

In Tabelle 4 sind die Ergebnisse des Vergleich zusammengefasst. Dargestellt sind die Anzahl der fluoreszenten Zellen nach transienter Transfektion von CHO Zellen mit den Vektoren pcDNA3- CGFP oder pcDNA3-imCGFP oder pcDNA3(+) [ohne cDNA Insertion].Table 4 summarizes the results of the comparison. Shown are the number of fluorescent cells after transient transfection of CHO cells with the vectors pcDNA3-CGFP or pcDNA3-imCGFP or pcDNA3 (+) [without cDNA insertion].

Tabelle 4Table 4

Die angegebenen Zahlen in den Spalten pcDNA3-CGFP, pcDNA3-imCGFP und pcDNA3 entsprechen der Anzahl an fluoreszenten Zellen nach transienter Transfektion mit dem entsprechenden Vektor (von 10000 transfizierten Zellen).The numbers given in the columns pcDNA3-CGFP, pcDNA3-imCGFP and pcDNA3 correspond to the number of fluorescent cells after transient transfection with the corresponding vector (of 10,000 transfected cells).

Figure imgf000016_0001
Figure imgf000016_0001

Beispiel 6Example 6

Untersuchung der maturation time von CGFP und imCGFPExamination of the maturation time of CGFP and imCGFP

In Tabelle 5 sind die Ergebnisse der Untersuchung zusammengefasst. Dargestellt sind die Anzahl der fluoreszenten Bakterienklone bei 20 0C und 37 0C.Table 5 summarizes the results of the study. Shown are the number of fluorescent bacterial clones at 20 0 C and 37 0 C.

Zur Untersuchung wurden jeweils 100 Bakterienklone, die das fluoreszente Protein CGFP (wt) oder eine Mutante des fluoreszenten Proteins CGFP expremieren, bei 20 0C und 37 0C inkubiert. Anschliessend wurde die Fluoreszenz der Zellmasse im- Fluorometer bestimmt und die reative Fluoreszenzintensität verglichen. . Tabelle 5To study were each 100 bacterial clones containing the fluorescent protein CGFP (wt) or a mutant fluorescent protein CGFP expremieren, incubated at 20 0 C and 37 0 C. Subsequently, the fluorescence of the cell mass was determined in-fluorometer and compared the reative fluorescence intensity. . Table 5

Die angegebenen Zahlen in den Spalten 2O0C und 370C entsprechen der Anzahl an fluoreszenten BakterienHonen nach der Transfektion mit den Vektoren pTriplEx2-CGFP oder ρTriplEx2- imCGFP und anschliessender Induktion.The numbers given in the columns 2O 0 C and 37 0 C correspond to the number of fluorescent bacteriaHonen after transfection with the vectors pTriplEx2-CGFP or ρTriplEx2- imCGFP and subsequent induction.

Figure imgf000017_0001
Figure imgf000017_0001

Beispiel 7Example 7

Spektrum des fluoreszierenden Proteins CGFP und imCGFPSpectrum of the fluorescent protein CGFP and imCGFP

Zur Messung des Emissionsspektrums wurden E. coli BL21(DE3) mit den Plasmiden pTriplEX2- CGFP oder pTriplEX2-imCGFP transformiert. Die Induktion erfolgte durch die Zugabe von- 1 mM IPTG und einer Inkubation von 4 Stunden bei 37 0C. Anschließend wurden die Bakterien geerntet und in PBS resuspendiert. Die Lyse erfolgte durch Ultraschall. Anschließend erfolgte die Messung der Fluoreszenz im Fluorometer.To measure the emission spectrum, E. coli BL21 (DE3) were transformed with the plasmids pTriplEX2-CGFP or pTriplEX2-imCGFP. The induction was carried out by the addition of - 1 mM IPTG and an incubation of 4 hours at 37 0 C. Subsequently, the bacteria were harvested and resuspended in PBS. The lysis was carried out by ultrasound. Subsequently, the fluorescence was measured in the fluorometer.

Die Figur 4 zeigt die Exitation und Emission des imCGFP FIG. 4 shows the excitation and emission of the imCGFP

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Claims

Patentansprflche Patentansprflche 1. Ein fluoreszierendes Protein, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass seine Sequenz die Sequenz dargestellt in SEQ E) NO: 2 umfasst, sowie funktionelle Fragmente desselben.1. A fluorescent protein, characterized in that its sequence comprises the sequence shown in SEQ E) NO: 2, as well as functional fragments thereof. 2. Ein Nukleinsäuremolekül, welches ein Protein gemäß Anspruch 1 kodiert.2. A nucleic acid molecule which encodes a protein according to claim 1. 5 3. Ein fluoreszierendes Protein, dadurch gekennzeichnet dass es eine Aminosäuresequenz umfasst, welche durch die SEQ E) NO:4 wiedergegeben ist, jedoch im Bereich der Positionen 154 bis 179 eine oder mehrere Mutationen aufweist, welche zu einer schnelleren Faltungszeit des Proteins führen, sowie dessen funktionellen Fragmente.3. A fluorescent protein, characterized in that it comprises an amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 4, but having one or more mutations in the region of positions 154 to 179, resulting in a faster folding time of the protein, as well as its functional fragments. 4. Ein Nukleinsäuremolekül, welches ein Protein gemäß Anspruch 3 kodiert.4. A nucleic acid molecule which encodes a protein according to claim 3. 10 5. Ein Nukleinsäuremolekül gemäß Ansprüchen 2 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es einen funktionellen Promotor 5 ' zur kodierenden Sequenz enthält.5. A nucleic acid molecule according to claims 2 or 4, characterized in that it contains a functional promoter 5 'to the coding sequence. 6. Rekombinanter RNA oder DNA- Vektor, welcher eine Nukleinsäure gemäß Anspruch 5 umfasst.6. Recombinant RNA or DNA vector comprising a nucleic acid according to claim 5. 7. Organismus, enthaltend einen Vektor gemäß Anspruch 6.7. organism containing a vector according to claim 6. 15 8. Verfahren zur Expression eines Polypeptides gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 3 in Bakterien, eukaryontischen Zellen, oder in in vitro Translationssystemen.8. A method for expression of a polypeptide according to claim 1 or 3 in bacteria, eukaryotic cells, or in in vitro translation systems. 9. Verfahren zur Aufreinigung eines gemäß Anspruch 8 exprimierten Polypeptides.9. A process for the purification of a polypeptide expressed according to claim 8. ;; 10. Verwendung" einer Nukleinsäure gemäß Anspruch 2, 3, 5 oder^ als Marker oder10. Use of a nucleic acid according to claim 2, 3, 5 or 1 as a marker or Reportergen.Reporter. 20 11. Verwendung einer Nukleinsäure gemäß Anspruch 2, 3, 5, oder 6 als Marker oder Reportergen in Kombination mit einem oder mehreren anderen Marker oder Reportergenen.20 11. Use of a nucleic acid according to claim 2, 3, 5, or 6 as a marker or reporter gene in combination with one or more other marker or reporter genes. 12. Verwendung eines Proteins gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 3 als Marker oder Reportergen.12. Use of a protein according to claim 1 or 3 as a marker or reporter gene. 13. Verwendung eines Proteins gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 3 als Marker oder Reportergen in Kombination mit einem oder mehreren anderen Marker oder Reportergenproteinen..13. Use of a protein according to claim 1 or 3 as a marker or reporter gene in combination with one or more other markers or reporter gene proteins. 25 14. Ein fluoreszierendes Protein, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es durch Einfügung von einer oder mehrerer Mutationen eine veränderte Faltungszeit im Vergleich zur ursprünglichen Sequenz aufweist. 25 14. A fluorescent protein, characterized in that it has a modified folding time compared to the original sequence by insertion of one or more mutations.
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