WO2006075666A1

WO2006075666A1 - Three-dimensional puzzle, advertisement exhibit, three-dimensional display and its fabricating method

Info

Publication number: WO2006075666A1
Application number: PCT/JP2006/300305
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hideki Tsuiki
Original assignee: Kyoto University
Priority date: 2005-01-12
Filing date: 2006-01-12
Publication date: 2006-07-20

Abstract

A three-dimensional puzzle is composed of, for example, 4n (n is a given natural number) puzzle pieces (51 to 54) each having a tetrahedron, formed into a first-order approximation Sierpinski tetrahedron when correctly connected, and showing two images. Fragments (PA1U to PA4U·PA1D to PD4D) of a first image (PA) are formed on two faces of each of the puzzle pieces (51 to 54), and fragments (PB1L to PB4L·PB1R to PB4R) of a second image (PB) are formed on the other two faces. Magnets (51a to 54a·51b to 54b) are so buried that two vertexes are N poles and the other are S poles. With this, a three-dimensional puzzle which is so difficult to require ability of imaging a solid figure, rewarding, as a tool for fostering the ability of imaging a solid figure, and useful as a decorative article or an advertisement exhibit when completed is provided.

Description

Specification

3D puzzle, advertisement display, 3D display, and its creation kit

[0001] The present invention provides a three-dimensional puzzle in which two images appear when completed, an advertisement display object on which two advertisement images are formed, a three-dimensional display on which two images are formed, and a three-dimensional display. It relates to the creation kit.

Background art

[0002] As a conventional three-dimensional puzzle, a puzzle has been proposed that completes one regular tetrahedron by combining four regular tetrahedrons with numbers on each side and one octahedron ( See Patent Document 1). This 3D puzzle is made by rotating 5 solids appropriately so that the total number of 4 each appearing on the 4 faces of the regular tetrahedron is the same.

[0003] Conventionally, a plurality of types of three-dimensional jigsaw puzzles have been proposed as three-dimensional puzzles (see, for example, Patent Documents 2 to 4).

[Patent Document 1]

JP-A-8-173627 (released July 9, 1996)

[Patent Document 2]

JP 7-155460 A (published on June 20, 1995)

[Patent Document 3]

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2004-8613 (published on January 15, 2004)

[Patent Document 4]

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-10444 (released on January 16, 1996)

However, even if the three-dimensional puzzle described in Patent Document 1 is completed, it will only yield a regular tetrahedron with numbers on each side, and images and characters will appear when completed. It is not a thing. For this reason, if the owner gets tired of solving the puzzle, it cannot be used for other purposes, such as viewing or advertising, so it becomes useless. In addition, since the above three-dimensional puzzle is completed, images and characters do not appear, so the joy when completed is small. [0004] In addition, in the three-dimensional jigsaw puzzle described in Patent Documents 2 to 4, the object obtained by assembling the puzzle pieces is a three-dimensional force. The puzzle pieces are connected only in the direction along the surface. . Therefore, the task of solving the puzzle itself is exactly the same as a general plane jigsaw puzzle, and the puzzle piece is simply rotated and moved on the placement surface or a plane parallel to it and placed at the optimum position. . It does not move the puzzle pieces to solve the puzzle in three dimensions or rotate in three dimensions. Therefore, the task of solving the above-mentioned three-dimensional jigsaw puzzle does not require the ability to imagine a three-dimensional figure. Therefore, the above-mentioned cuboid jigsaw puzzle is not suitable as a teaching material for understanding solid figures, and it is challenging for those who are looking for esoteric puzzles that require the ability to imagine solid figures.パズル It is a puzzle.

[0005] As a fractal figure, a Sierpinski Tetrahedron is known. A Sherpinski tetrahedron is obtained by repeating an infinite number of mappings (referred to as mapping G) to take the union of 1Z2 reduced images (4 exist) centered on each regular vertex and starting from a regular tetrahedron. It is a self-similar solid figure. The Sherpinski tetrahedron is a strict fractal, but it is impossible to create a structure with that shape. On the other hand, by applying the mapping G to a regular tetrahedron a finite number of times n (n is a natural number) times, an approximation of a shellpinski tetrahedron can be obtained. In the present specification, this approximate body is referred to as an nth-order approximate Sherbinsky tetrahedron or n-Sherpinsky tetrahedron.

[0006] Structures having the shape of an nth-order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron are used as teaching materials for learning recursive thinking.

[0007] However, a structure having the shape of an n-th order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron is not used for other applications. In addition, the conventional structure having the shape of an nth-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron cannot be folded and is difficult to carry.

[0008] Furthermore, a tetrahedral solid puzzle having a color, a pattern, a pattern, a decoration or the like on the surface has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Documents 5 to 7).

[Patent Document 5]

Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 57-196987 (published December 3, 1982)

[Patent Document 6] Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 57-166187 (published October 13, 1982) [Patent Document 7]

Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 3-155891 (published July 3, 1991)

However, there is no known three-dimensional puzzle with the shape of an nth-order approximate Shellpinsky tetrahedron. In addition, since the conventional three-dimensional puzzle has colors, patterns, patterns, decorations, etc. formed on the same plane, an image will not appear only when viewed from a specific direction. Can not have a strong impact.

Disclosure of the invention

[0009] The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and the object thereof is an esoteric and challenging task that requires a force to imagine a three-dimensional figure, and also imagines a three-dimensional figure. The purpose is to provide a three-dimensional puzzle that can be used as a tool to train the power to do, and that will be useful as decorations and advertisements when completed. Another object of the present invention is to provide an advertisement display and a three-dimensional display capable of giving a strong impact to a viewer and a creation kit for creating the same.

[0010] In order to solve the above-described problem, the three-dimensional puzzle according to the present invention is a substantially tetrahedron such that a finished product having a shape of an approximately nth-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron is obtained when correctly combined. of 4 ⁿ (n is an arbitrary natural number) shall apply in three-dimensional puzzle comprising a number of puzzle pieces having a shape, when the two sides facing each other of the finished first side and second side, the complete finished products The midpoint force of the first side is a part of the first side of each puzzle piece, so that when viewed in the direction toward the midpoint of the second side, the first image of a substantially square appears. Fragments of the first image are formed on two faces that sandwich the side that is parallel to the first side, and the finished product is directed toward the midpoint of the second side. Each nozzle piece is either part of the second side or the second side so that a second image that is approximately square appears when viewed. A piece of the second image is formed on two faces that sandwich the parallel sides, and at least one of the vertices corresponding to the connection point between the puzzle pieces in the finished product. Both have a structure that can be detachably coupled to at least one apex of one puzzle piece.

[0011] In the three-dimensional puzzle according to the present invention, as described above, the first and second image fragments are formed. The first and second images that have the shape of an approximately nth-order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron by combining 4 ⁿ (where n is an arbitrary natural number) puzzle pieces having a substantially tetrahedral shape. Since the finished product is formed, it is necessary to move the nozzle piece ^three- dimensionally or rotate it three-dimensionally in order to unravel the nozzle. Therefore, the three-dimensional puzzle according to the present invention requires the player to have the ability to imagine a three-dimensional figure just by giving the player the same enjoyment as a jigsaw puzzle. Can be used as a tool to train the ability to imagine figures. In addition, the finished product is useful as a decorative product or advertisement display because it has two images and has the shape of an approximate nth-order shellpinski tetrahedron.

[0012] An advertisement display according to the present invention is an advertisement display in which first and second advertisement images are formed on a surface of a base material in order to solve the above-described problem. A tetrahedron shaped 4 ⁿ (where n is an arbitrary natural number) base material fragment, which is obtained by combining approximately nth-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron shapes, and has four sides of the base material. If the two sides facing each other are the first side and the second side, the first advertisement image will appear when viewed in the direction from the midpoint of the first side to the midpoint of the second side. As shown, the first advertisement image fragment is formed on the two surfaces sandwiching the side that is a part of the first side or parallel to the first side in each base piece. The midpoint force of the two sides Is it part of the second side of each base piece so that the second advertisement image appears when looking in the direction toward the midpoint of the first side? Is characterized in that the two surfaces sandwiching the edge is parallel to the second side, a fragment of the second advertisement image is formed.

[0013] Further, as described above, the advertisement display according to the present invention has a substantially n-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron shape, and is directed from the midpoint of the first side to the midpoint of the second side, Alternatively, the first advertisement image or the second advertisement image appears only when viewed from the direction toward the midpoint of the first side. Therefore, the n-th order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron attracts people's interest in an interesting shape, and if you look closely, it suddenly shows an image with unexpected power, and it has a strong impact on the viewer. It becomes an advertising display that can be given.

[0014] In order to solve the above-described problems, the three-dimensional display according to the present invention provides a first and a second. 3D display on the surface of the substrate, wherein the substrate is composed of 4 ⁿ (n is an arbitrary natural number) substrate fragments having a substantially tetrahedral shape (2 X 4 ⁿ — 2 ) Obtained by joining with a number of connecting members, and having an approximately nth-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron shape, of the four sides of the substrate, two sides facing each other are the first side. And the second side, the midpoint force of the first side, so that the first image appears when viewed in the direction toward the midpoint of the second side. A part of the first image is formed on two faces sandwiching a side that is a part or parallel to the first side, and the direction toward the midpoint of the first side from the midpoint of the second side So that the second image appears when viewed on the two sides of the base image, on the two faces that sandwich the side that is part of the second side or parallel to the second side. fragment A hole is provided at the apex corresponding to the joining point of the base material pieces so as to continue to the center of each base material piece, and each connecting member has a bar at one point. It has a shape bent by an angle of about tan- ¹ (2 12) radians (about 70 degrees), and both sides are inserted into holes of different base material pieces.

[0015] In addition, as described above, the stereoscopic display according to the present invention has a substantially n-order approximate Shelbinsky tetrahedron shape and is directed from the midpoint of the first side to the midpoint of the second side, or Midpoint force on the second side The image appears only when viewed from the direction of the force toward the midpoint of the first side. Therefore, it has a strong impact on the viewer that the n-th order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron attracts people's interest in an interesting shape, and suddenly an image appears with unexpected power if you look closely. It becomes a stereoscopic display that can be given. Furthermore, the three-dimensional display according to the present invention is excellent in decorativeness because it is fragile and has a shape closer to that of an n-Sherpinski tetrahedron.

[0016] A creation kit according to the present invention is a creation kit for creating a three-dimensional display having a shape of an approximately nth-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron to solve the above-described problem. 4 ⁿ (n is an arbitrary natural number) base material pieces having a shape and a connecting member for joining the base material pieces to each other. It is characterized in that an insertable hole is provided so as to continue to the center of each base piece.

[0017] Further, as described above, the production kit according to the present invention includes the three-dimensional display according to the present invention. 4 ⁿ (n is an arbitrary natural number) base material pieces having the same shape as the constituent base material pieces, and (2 X 4 ⁿ — 2) connecting members constituting the stereoscopic display according to the present invention. Including. For this reason, the user uses this creation kit to form two types of favorite images on each substrate piece, and by joining all the base piece pieces together via a connecting member, the favorite image is displayed on the surface. A formed stereoscopic display can be created. In addition, the 4 ⁿ pieces of the substrate constituting the production kit are formed with the first image and the second image in the same manner as the base material piece constituting the stereoscopic display according to the present invention. In this case, the three-dimensional display according to the present invention can be created by bonding all the base material pieces to each other via a connecting member.

In addition, the three-dimensional puzzle according to the present invention corresponds to each vertex of the nth-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron so that when it is correctly combined, a finished product having a frame shape of an approximately nth order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron is obtained. 2 ^{(2n + 1)} — 2 (n is an arbitrary natural number) connected puzzles corresponding to each of the 4 vertex puzzle pieces to be connected and the connected parts of the regular tetrahedrons that make up the nth-order approximate Shellpinsky tetrahedron Each of the combined puzzle pieces includes a base point, three first rims and three second rims provided to extend radially from the base point in different directions, and force Each of the first rims is provided at an angle of 60 degrees with respect to the direction in which the other two first rims extend, and each of the second rims extends from the other two second rims. It is set to make an angle of 60 degrees to the direction, One of the rims and one of the second rims are aligned on a straight line. Of the three first rims, one tip has a recess or through hole, and the other two tips have a protrusion. Of the three second rims, two tips are formed with recesses or through holes, and the remaining one tip is formed with a projection, and the above four vertex puzzle pieces have two second rims. It consists of one vertex puzzle piece and two second vertex puzzle pieces, and the first vertex puzzle piece extends radially from the first vertex and from the first vertex in directions different from each other by 60 degrees. One third of the three rims has a recess or a through hole, and the other two tips have a protrusion, and the second vertex puzzle piece is The second apex part and the third apex force are also directed to 60 degrees different from each other, and the three fourth rims extend radially. Of the four rims, two tips have recesses or through-holes, and the remaining one tip has a protrusion. It is formed so as to be able to fit into the recess or the through hole.

In addition, the three-dimensional display according to the present invention provides an n-order approximate shell pin for a structure having a frame shape of an approximately n-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron obtained by correctly combining the three-dimensional puzzle. each face of 4 ^n-number of tetrahedral body constituting the ski tetrahedron to form formed becomes covered each puzzle piece in a sheet, the two sides facing each other of the structure first edge and the second Assuming that there are two sides, each tetrahedron should have a square shape so that the first square image appears when the structure is viewed from the midpoint of the first side toward the midpoint of the second side. A fragment of the first image is formed on a sheet of two surfaces sandwiching a side that is part of the first side or parallel to the first side, and the structure is moved from the midpoint of the second side. Each square is aligned so that a second image that is approximately square appears when viewed in the direction toward the midpoint of the first side. It is characterized in that a fragment of the second image is formed on a sheet of two faces sandwiching a side that is a part of the second side or parallel to the second side in the face body! /

[0020] Further, the three-dimensional puzzle according to the present invention provides an n + first-order approximate Sherbinsky tetrahedron that, when correctly combined, provides a finished product having a shape of an approximately n + first-order approximate shell pinski tetrahedron. Four tetragonal puzzle pieces with the shape of an almost regular tetrahedron corresponding to the regular tetrahedron containing each vertex of, and groups of four regular tetrahedron forces that make up the first approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron 2 ^{(2n + 1)} — 2 (n is an arbitrary natural number) connected puzzle pieces corresponding to the connected parts of the three-dimensional puzzle, and the connected puzzle pieces have a substantially tetrahedral shape. The first and second pieces have two surfaces on which the first side of the first piece and the first side of the second piece are collinear and sandwich the first side of the first piece. At the vertices, the two faces that sandwich the first side of the second piece are aligned on the same plane. Of the three vertices in the first fragment, excluding the vertex connected to the second fragment, one vertex has a recess or through hole, and the remaining two vertices have a protrusion. Of the three vertices of the second fragment excluding the vertices connected to the first fragment, two vertices have recesses or through holes, and the remaining one vertex has a protrusion. The four vertex puzzle pieces are formed of two third vertex puzzle pieces and two fourth vertex puzzle pieces, and the n + first-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron in the third vertex puzzle piece. Of the three vertices excluding those corresponding to the vertices, two vertices have recesses or through holes. One of the three vertices excluding the vertex corresponding to the vertex of the n + 1-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron in the fourth vertex nozzle piece is formed. A concave portion or a through hole is formed on the remaining two vertices, and a convex portion is formed on the remaining two vertices. The convex portion is formed so as to be detachable from the concave portion or the through hole. Yes.

[0021] In addition, the three-dimensional display according to the present invention is configured so that the structure is opposed to a structure having an approximately n + 1 first-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron shape obtained by correctly combining the three-dimensional puzzle. Assuming that the two sides are the first and second sides, the first image of a substantially square shape when the structure is viewed in the direction toward the midpoint of the first side toward the midpoint of the second side. In each regular tetrahedron composing the n + first-order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron, the two surfaces sandwiching the side that is part of the first side or parallel to the first side are N + so that when the first image fragment is formed and the structure is viewed in the direction toward the midpoint of the second side toward the midpoint of the first side, a second image that is approximately square appears. First order approximate shell pin ski Each part of the regular tetrahedron that forms the tetrahedron is a part of the second side or the second The two faces sandwiching the sides a flat line, have a feature that the fragment of the second image is formed.

[0022] In addition, the three-dimensional puzzle according to the present invention is a combination of the puzzle pieces of the three-dimensional puzzle in which a finished product having a frame shape of an approximately nth-order approximate Selpinski tetrahedron is obtained when correctly combined. Each of the three first limbs that make up each, the three second rims that make up each of the combined puzzle pieces, the three third rims that make up each of the first vertex puzzle pieces, and each of the second vertex puzzle pieces In each of the three 4th rims that make up, between the rims forming 60 degrees, there is a quadrilateral surface with the angles of the four vertices being 60 degrees, 90 degrees, 120 degrees, and 90 degrees in order. The rim is formed so as to form two sides of each surface, and when it is correctly combined, it is characterized in that a finished product having an approximately nth-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron shape is obtained. .

In addition, the three-dimensional display according to the present invention is a substantially nth order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron obtained by combining 4 ⁿ (n is an arbitrary natural number) base material fragments having a substantially tetrahedral shape. For a substrate having a body shape, a first and second image is formed on the substrate surface. In the body display, the base piece is composed of a sheet of cloth, paper, etc., and two sides facing each other out of the six sides of the base are side A and side B. The five sides other than side A are supported by five bars inserted into the substrate along each of the sides, and these five bars are two equilateral triangles that share side B. By rotating one frame with respect to the other frame about the side B until the angle formed by the two equilateral triangular frames is close to 0 degrees, The two sides facing each other, which may be the same as or different from side A and side B, in the base material, are the first side and the second side. Then, the first image appears when looking in the direction from the midpoint of the first side toward the midpoint of the second side. As shown in the figure, fragments of the first image are formed on two surfaces sandwiching a side that is a part of the first side or parallel to the first side in each base piece, Each substrate fragment is either part of the second side or parallel to the second side so that the second image appears when viewed in the direction from the middle point of the side toward the middle point of the first side. A feature is that a fragment of the second image is formed on two surfaces sandwiching a certain side.

In addition, the three-dimensional display according to the present invention has a shape of an approximately nth-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron obtained by combining 4 ⁿ (n is an arbitrary natural number) base material fragments having a substantially tetrahedral shape. The four-sided surface of each of the above-mentioned base material pieces is substantially flat except for the folds. If the two sides facing each other among the six sides of the base material are defined as side A and side B, the five sides other than side A in the base material are those sides. The five bars are supported by being inserted into the base material along each of the two, and these five bars form two equilateral triangular frames sharing side B. Until one of the two equilateral triangles is close to 0 degrees, the side B As a result, the side a that is a part of the side A or parallel to the side A in the sheet constituting each base piece can be folded. The two surfaces sandwiched can be separated from each other by side a when folding the substrate, and each of the two surfaces sandwiching side a in each substrate piece has a fold that can be folded until both sides are almost in contact with each other. Middle point force of a It is provided up to the vertex facing side a, and the base material is folded When folded, the two folds of the same size are joined at one long side and two short sides, with the ratio of the length of the long side to the short side being 2: 3. If two sides facing each other, which may be the same as or different from side A and side B in the substrate, are the first side and the second side, Each substrate fragment is either part of the first side or parallel to the first side so that the first image appears when viewed in the direction from the middle point toward the middle point of the second side. A fragment of the first image is formed on two faces that sandwich a side, and the second image appears when viewed in the direction toward the midpoint of the first side. As shown, the second image fragment is formed on the two faces of each substrate fragment that sandwich the side that is part of the second side or parallel to the second side. It is characterized in.

The stereoscopic display according to the present invention is a stereoscopic display in which the first, second, third, and fourth images are formed on the surface of the substrate, and the substrate has a substantially tetrahedral shape 4 ⁿ (n is an arbitrary natural number) substrate fragments obtained by combining approximately 4th order A, B, and B surfaces of each substrate fragment. Of surface C and surface D, surface A is directed in the direction from the midpoint of the first side between surfaces A and B to the midpoint of the second side between surfaces C and D Only the first image fragment is visible, and it looks from the midpoint of the third side sandwiched between plane A and plane C to the midpoint of the fourth side sandwiched between plane B and plane D. The first and third image fragments are formed by the lenticular print so that only the third image fragment is visible. When viewing in the direction toward the midpoint of the second side, only the first image fragment is visible, and the midpoint force of the fourth side is also directed toward the midpoint of the third side. The first and fourth image fragments are formed by lenticular printing so that only the fourth image fragment can be seen when viewed in FIG. When looking in the direction toward the midpoint, only the fragment of the second image is visible, and the midpoint force on the third side is the third image when looking in the direction toward the midpoint of the fourth side The second and third image fragments are formed by lenticular printing so that only the fragments of the second side are visible, and the surface D is viewed in the direction toward the midpoint of the first side. Only the second image fragment is visible, and when viewed in the direction from the midpoint of the fourth side toward the midpoint of the third side, only the fourth image fragment is visible. like, The second and fourth image fragments are formed by lenticular printing.

Brief Description of Drawings

[FIG. 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a base material having a shape of a 1 shell pin ski tetrahedron.

[FIG. 2 (a)] FIG. 2 (a) is a plan view showing a state in which a sheet on which an image has been formed is cut in order to stick it onto the substrate.

[FIG. 2 (b)] FIG. 2 (b) is a plan view showing a state in which a sheet on which an image has been formed is cut in order to stick it onto the substrate.

FIG. 3 is a top view showing a state in which an image is formed on a base material having a 1-shell pinski tetrahedron shape.

[FIG. 4 (a)] FIG. 4 (a) is a plan view showing a state in which a sheet on which an image is formed is cut in order to stick it onto a substrate having the shape of a two-shell pinski tetrahedron.

[FIG. 4 (b)] FIG. 4 (b) is a plan view showing a state in which a sheet on which an image has been formed is cut to be stuck on a base material having a two-shell pinski tetrahedron shape.

[FIG. 5 (al)] FIG. 5 (al) is a perspective view showing a puzzle piece constituting a three-dimensional puzzle according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[FIG. 5 (a2)] FIG. 5 (a2) is a perspective view showing a puzzle piece constituting a three-dimensional puzzle according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[FIG. 5 (b)] FIG. 5 (b) is a perspective view showing the puzzle pieces constituting the three-dimensional puzzle according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[FIG. 5 (c)] FIG. 5 (c) is a perspective view showing the puzzle pieces constituting the three-dimensional puzzle according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[FIG. 5 (d)] FIG. 5 (d) is a perspective view showing the puzzle pieces constituting the three-dimensional puzzle according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a three-dimensional puzzle according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[FIG. 7 (a)] FIG. 7 (a) is a perspective view showing a puzzle piece and a bar constituting a three-dimensional puzzle according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[FIG. 7 (b)] FIG. 7 (b) is a puzzle constituting a three-dimensional puzzle according to another embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows a piece and a stick | rod.

圆 8 (a)] FIG. 8 (a) is a perspective view showing a puzzle piece and a bar constituting a three-dimensional puzzle according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[FIG. 8 (b)] FIG. 8 (b) is a perspective view showing a puzzle piece and a bar constituting a three-dimensional puzzle according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[FIG. 8 (c)] FIG. 8 (c) is a perspective view showing a puzzle piece and a bar constituting a three-dimensional puzzle according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[9 (a)] FIG. 9 (a) is a diagram showing puzzle pieces constituting a three-dimensional puzzle according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

[9 (b)] FIG. 9 (b) is a diagram showing puzzle pieces constituting a three-dimensional puzzle according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

[FIG. 9 (c)] FIG. 9 (c) is a diagram showing puzzle pieces constituting a three-dimensional puzzle according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

[9 (d)] FIG. 9 (d) is a diagram showing puzzle pieces constituting a three-dimensional puzzle according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

[FIG. 10 (a)] FIG. 10 (a) is a diagram showing puzzle pieces constituting a three-dimensional puzzle according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

[FIG. 10 (b)] FIG. 10 (b) is a diagram showing puzzle pieces constituting a three-dimensional puzzle according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

[FIG. 10 (c)] FIG. 10 (c) is a diagram showing a puzzle piece constituting a three-dimensional puzzle according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a joint portion between puzzle pieces in a three-dimensional puzzle according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a top view showing a state in which an image is formed on a base material having a 2-shell pinski tetrahedron shape.

[FIG. 13 (a)] FIG. 13 (a) is a perspective view showing a puzzle piece and a connecting member constituting a three-dimensional puzzle according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

[FIG. 13 (b)] FIG. 13 (b) constitutes a three-dimensional puzzle according to still another embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows a puzzle piece and a connection member.

[FIG. 14 (a)] FIG. 14 (a) is a diagram for explaining a method of connecting two puzzle pieces connected to each other and another puzzle piece via a connecting member. It is a figure which shows a mode that a member is inserted.

[FIG. 14 (b)] FIG. 14 (b) is a diagram for explaining a method of joining two puzzle pieces joined to each other and another puzzle piece via a connecting member. It is a figure which shows a mode that was completed.

[FIG. 15 (a)] FIG. 15 (a) is a diagram for explaining a method of connecting three puzzle pieces connected to each other and another puzzle piece via a connecting member. It is a figure which shows a mode that a member is inserted.

[FIG. 15 (b)] FIG. 15 (b) is a diagram for explaining a method of connecting three puzzle pieces connected to each other and one other puzzle piece via a connecting member. It is a figure which shows the finished product which has the shape of 1-Shelpinski tetrahedron obtained by combination.

FIG. 16 is a view showing a combined puzzle piece constituting a three-dimensional puzzle according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

圆 17] A view showing a combined puzzle piece constituting a three-dimensional puzzle according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a view showing a combined puzzle piece constituting a three-dimensional puzzle according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a view showing a combined puzzle piece constituting a three-dimensional puzzle according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

圆 20] A diagram showing a first vertex puzzle piece constituting a three-dimensional puzzle according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

圆 21] A diagram showing a first vertex puzzle piece (or a second vertex puzzle piece) constituting a three-dimensional puzzle according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

[22] FIG. 22 is a diagram showing a first vertex puzzle piece (or a second vertex puzzle piece) constituting a three-dimensional puzzle according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

[23] First vertex puzzle constituting a three-dimensional puzzle according to still another embodiment of the present invention It is a figure which shows a piece (or 2nd vertex puzzle piece).

[24] FIG. 24 is a diagram showing a second vertex puzzle piece constituting a three-dimensional puzzle according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 25 is a view showing a structure of a rim tip portion in which a through hole is formed in a puzzle piece constituting a three-dimensional puzzle according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 26 is a view showing a structure of a rim tip portion in which a through hole is formed in a puzzle piece constituting a three-dimensional puzzle according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 27 is a view showing a structure of a rim tip portion in which a through hole is formed in a puzzle piece constituting a three-dimensional puzzle according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 28 is a diagram showing a structure of a rim tip portion formed with a convex portion in a puzzle piece constituting a three-dimensional puzzle according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 29 is a diagram showing a structure of a rim tip portion formed with a convex portion in a puzzle piece constituting a three-dimensional puzzle according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 30 is a diagram showing a structure of a rim tip portion formed with a convex portion in a puzzle piece constituting a three-dimensional puzzle according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 31 is a perspective view showing a structure having a frame shape of a first-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron obtained by correctly joining a three-dimensional puzzle according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 32 is a perspective view showing a combined puzzle piece constituting a three-dimensional puzzle according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

[33] FIG. 33] A perspective view showing a third vertex puzzle piece constituting a three-dimensional puzzle according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 34 is a perspective view showing a fourth vertex puzzle piece constituting a three-dimensional puzzle according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 35 is a perspective view showing a structure having a frame shape of a quadratic approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron obtained by correctly joining a three-dimensional puzzle according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 36 shows a combined puzzle piece constituting a three-dimensional puzzle according to still another embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view shown.

[37] FIG. 37 is a perspective view showing a fifth vertex puzzle piece constituting a three-dimensional puzzle according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 38 is a perspective view showing a sixth vertex puzzle piece constituting a three-dimensional puzzle according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 39 is a perspective view showing a structure having a frame shape of a first-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron obtained by correctly joining a three-dimensional puzzle according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 40 is a perspective view showing a foldable three-dimensional display having a shape of a first-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 41 is a perspective view showing a state in the middle of folding of a foldable three-dimensional display having the shape of a primary approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron according to still another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 42 is a perspective view showing a foldable three-dimensional display having a shape of a first-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron according to still another embodiment of the present invention, in a folded state in a plane.

43 is a perspective view showing bones provided in the three-dimensional display in FIG. 41. FIG.

FIG. 44 is a plan view showing a pattern for creating the three-dimensional display shown in FIGS. 40 to 43.

FIG. 45 is a diagram for explaining a method of creating the stereoscopic display shown in FIGS. 40 to 43.

FIG. 46 is a diagram for explaining a lenticular print surface.

FIG. 47 is a diagram for explaining a lenticular print surface.

FIG. 48 is a diagram for explaining a lenticular print surface.

FIG. 49 is a perspective view showing a stereoscopic display in which four images can be seen according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

[50] FIG. 50 is a plan view showing a pattern used in still another embodiment of the present invention.

[FIG. 51] A three-dimensional puzzle consisting of four puzzle pieces according to still another embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the method to solve.

FIG. 52 is a diagram for explaining a method of solving a three-dimensional puzzle that is also composed of 16 puzzle pieces according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 53 is a perspective view showing an unfolded state of a foldable three-dimensional display having the shape of a first-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 54 is a perspective view showing a foldable three-dimensional display having a shape of a first-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron according to still another embodiment of the present invention, folded in a plane.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[Method of creating a solid on which two images are formed]

An n-Sherpinski tetrahedron (n is a natural number) consists of 4 ⁿ regular tetrahedrons. For example, 1 Sherpinski tetrahedron consists of 4 regular tetrahedrons, and 2 Sherpinski tetrahedron consists of 16 regular tetrahedrons.

[0028] The n-Sherpinski tetrahedron has three sets of two sides facing each other (two sides not in contact with each other). Select one of these pairs of sides, and set one of the two sides that make up the set as the first side and the other as the second side. The midpoint force of the first side is also directed to the midpoint of the second side in the X direction, and the opposite direction (the midpoint force of the second side is directed toward the midpoint of the first side) in the X direction. Let's say. When the X-direction force parallel light is applied to the ⁿ Sherpinski tetrahedron, the light hits all two sides of the 4 ⁿ regular tetrahedrons (the side that forms the first side or is parallel to the first side) A square shadow is created. Similarly, when parallel light is applied from the -X direction, light hits the remaining two faces (sides that constitute the second side or are parallel to the second side) of all 4 ⁿ regular tetrahedrons, A square shadow is created. Therefore, when the n-Sherpinski tetrahedron is viewed from the X direction, two faces of each regular tetrahedron are visible, and the whole appears square. Also, if you look at the n-Sherpinski tetrahedron — the X direction force, you can see the remaining two faces of each regular tetrahedron, and the whole looks square.

[0029] From this, for the base material having the shape of an n-Shellpinski tetrahedron, the X direction and X Directional force Forms two images (pictures, photos, logos, letters, etc.) on an n-Shelpinsky tetrahedron by forming a fragment of the image so that each image can be seen when looking at the directional force substrate To do Can do.

[0030] A method of creating a solid in which two images are formed on a base material having an n-Shellpinsky tetrahedron shape will be described in detail below. The solid created by this method is used for the advertising display of the first embodiment. In addition, this solid is almost the same as the completed shape of the puzzles of Embodiments 2-5. Here, the first side (the side that is the foremost when viewed from the X direction) is horizontal, and the second side (the side that is the foremost when viewed from the X direction) is lead straight. It shall be arranged so that

[0031] First, 4 ⁿ (n is an arbitrary natural number) base material fragments having a regular tetrahedron shape are combined to obtain a base material having an n-Shellpinski tetrahedron shape. The material of the base material fragment is not particularly limited, and is, for example, a blast (thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin) or metal. In addition, the base piece may or may not have a cavity if the outer shape is a regular tetrahedron. The method for bonding the base material fragments is not particularly limited. For example, a method of bonding the base material fragments using an adhesive can be employed.

[0032] Next, a picture is drawn on a sheet having the shape of a square that is rotated by 45 degrees from a square with two sides horizontally (that is, a vertex whose top and bottom, left and right, one diagonal is horizontal, and the other diagonal is vertical). Prepare two sheets that can be obtained by forming images such as images. These two sheets are called the sheets PAO and PBO, respectively, and the images formed on the sheets PAO and PBO are called the image PA (first image) and the image PB ( ^second image), respectively.

[0033] Next, the sheet PAO is stretched in the longitudinal direction (vertical direction) at a magnification of 3 times and deformed in the longitudinal direction to obtain a diamond-shaped sheet PA. In addition, the sheet PBO is stretched in the horizontal direction (horizontal direction) at a magnification of 3 times and deformed horizontally to obtain a diamond-shaped sheet PB. This deformation process may be performed by a physical method of deforming the sheets PA and PB, but may be performed by image processing. When using image processing, after reading images PA and PB from the sheets PAO and PBO with a scanner to acquire image PA and PB data, the image processing corresponding to the above deformation is performed on the image PA and PB data. The processed image data can be printed on two sheets having the same shape as the diamond-shaped sheets PA and PB. When using image processing, instead of preparing sheets PAO and PBO, Also, a rectangular sheet with image PA and image PB data or image PA and image PB formed in the area may be used.

[0034] Next, a diamond sheet PA, after cutting into aliquoted into 2 ⁿ pieces along a direction parallel to one of its sides, 2 along a direction parallel to adjacent sides to the side ⁿ Cut into equal pieces and create 4 ⁿ identical rhombus sheets. Similarly, the sheet PB diamond, after cutting into aliquoted into 2 ⁿ pieces along a direction parallel to one of its sides, the along connexion 2 ⁿ pieces in a direction parallel to adjacent sides to the sides equal Cut into 4 minutes and create 4 ⁿ identically shaped rhombus sheets.

[0035] Finally, 4 ⁿ sheets obtained from the sheet PA are a part of the first side in each base material fragment so that the first image PA appears when the force in the X direction is viewed. Or stick it on two sides with a side parallel to the first side. Similarly, when the 4 ⁿ sheets that have obtained the sheet PB force are viewed from the -X direction, the other two faces (the second side of each side) Affixed to two surfaces that are part of or parallel to the second side. As a result, a solid having the shape of an n-Sherpinski tetrahedron is obtained, in which the first image PA can be seen from the X direction and the second image PB can be seen from the X direction force.

[0036] Next, a method for forming two images on a base material in the case where the base material has a 1-shell pinski tetrahedron shape will be described in more detail.

[0037] 1—Substrate 5 having the shape of a Sherpinski tetrahedron, as shown in FIG. 1, is a substrate fragment 1 having the shape of a regular tetrahedron having surface 1Α · 1Β · 1C ′ ID, surface 2A '2B' 2C 'Substrate fragment with tetrahedron shape with 2D, surface 3Α · 3Β · 3C' Substrate fragment with tetrahedron shape with 3D, and surface 4 面 -4B-4C -Substrate fragment with regular tetrahedron shape with 4D 4 forces. Surfaces 1Α, 2Α, and 4Α constitute one surface of the 1 Sherpinski tetrahedron (hereinafter referred to as “Α”), and surface 3Α is parallel to surface Α. Surfaces 2Β, 3Β, and 4Β constitute one other surface (hereinafter referred to as “Β”) of 1 shell pin ski tetrahedron, and surface 1B is parallel to surface Β. Surface 1C '3C'4C constitutes another surface of the 1-Shelpinsky tetrahedron (hereinafter referred to as "C"), and surface 2C is parallel to surface C. The surface ID '2D · 3D constitutes another surface (hereinafter referred to as “D”) of the 1-shell pinski tetrahedron, and the surface 4D is parallel to the surface D.

[0038] First, rhombus sheets PA and PB are prepared by the method described above. Next, as shown in FIG. 2 (a), the rhombus sheet PA is cut into two equal parts along a direction parallel to one side thereof, and then the side adjacent to the above side. Cut into two equal parts along the direction parallel to, create four identical rhombus sheets, and name them PA1 to PA4 sequentially in the counterclockwise diamond force counterclockwise as shown in Fig. 2 (a) . Similarly, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the rhombic sheet PB is cut into two equal parts along a direction parallel to one side thereof, and then parallel to the side adjacent to the above side. Cut into two equal parts along the direction, create four identical rhombus sheets, and name them PB1 to PB4 in the clockwise direction, as shown in Fig. 2 (b).

[0040] Finally, the sheet PA1 to PA4 is a part of the first side or the first side in each of the base material fragments 1 to 4 so that the first image PA appears when viewed from the x direction. Affixed to two surfaces, ie, surfaces 1A to 4A and surfaces 1B to 4B. More specifically, the upper half PA1U to PA4U of sheets PA1 to PA4 is attached to faces 1A to 4A, and the lower half PAID of sheets PA1 to PA4 is attached to faces 1B to 4B. Similarly, when the sheets PB1 to PB4 are also viewed in the x-direction force, the other two surfaces in each substrate fragment 1 to 4, that is, surfaces 1C to 4C and surface 1D, so that the second image PB appears. Apply to ~ 4D. More specifically, the left halves P B1L to PB4L of sheets PB1 to PB4 are affixed to faces 1C to 4C, and the right half PAIR of sheets PA1 to PA4 is affixed to faces 1D to 4D. As a result, a solid 10 having the shape of a 1-Sherpinski tetrahedron is obtained in which the first image PA can be seen from the X direction and the second image PB can be seen from the X direction.

[0041] FIG. 3 shows a state in which the obtained solid 10 is viewed in a direction from the apex shared by the surfaces 1A, 1C, and 1D toward the center of the substrate 5.

[0042] Although a method for forming an image on a substrate by pasting a sheet on which the image is formed on the substrate has been described here, the method for forming an image on the substrate is not limited thereto. For example, a method in which a sheet on which an image is formed is pasted on a base piece, and then the base pieces are joined together; after forming an image on the base piece by painting or printing, the base piece For example, a method of bonding each other may be used.

[0043] Regarding a method of bonding the base material pieces after pasting the sheet on which the image is formed to the base material pieces, the case where the base material 5 having the shape of 1 shellpinsky tetrahedron is used is taken as an example. Explain.

First, rhombus sheets PA1 to PA4 and PB1 to PB4 are prepared by the method described above. [0045] Next, the tetrahedral substrate fragments 1 to 4 constituting the substrate 5 are arranged so that each one surface is horizontal. Then, the rhombus sheets PA1 and PB1 are pasted on each of the two sides of one tetrahedral base piece 1, and the rhombus sheets PA2 and PB2 are pasted on the two sides of one regular tetrahedral base piece 2. Paste the rhomboid sheets PA3 and PB3 on each of the two sides of one tetrahedral base piece 3 and paste the rhomboid sheets PA4 and PB4 on the two sides of one regular tetrahedral base piece 4. At this time, the sheets PA1 to PA4 and PB1 to PB4 are pasted so that the top and bottom of the images A and B coincide with the top and bottom of the base material fragments 1 to 4. As a result, tetrahedral substrate fragments 1 to 4 (hereinafter referred to as 1P to 4P) in which the fragments of images A and B are formed are obtained.

[0046] The tetrahedral substrate fragments 2P to 4P in which the fragments of images A and B are thus formed are arranged as shown in FIG. At this time, the surface on which the lower half of the sheets PA2 to PA4 in the base material fragments 2P to 4P is attached faces downward. Then, the three contact points of the base material pieces 2P to 4P are connected. Then, the base material fragment 1P in which the fragments of the images A and B are formed on the connected base material fragments 2P to 4P is placed in the direction shown in FIG. 3 and connected to the base material fragments 2P to 4P. As a result, the solid 10 shown in FIG. 3 is obtained.

[0047] Next, there is a method for creating a display object having a shape of 2 shell pin ski tetrahedrons by pasting a sheet on which an image is formed to base material pieces and then bonding the base material pieces together. !

[0048] First, in the same manner as in Fig. 2 (a), the rhombus sheet PA is cut to create four identical rhombus sheets, and the diamond power on the top is in turn counterclockwise PA1 ~ Name it PA4. Then, in the same manner as in FIG. 2 (a), the rhombus sheet PA1 is cut to create four identical rhombus sheets, and the diamond force on the top is also assigned 11-14 in order counterclockwise. Cut sheets PA2, PA3, and PA4 in the same way as sheet PA1 to create four identical rhombus sheets, and counterclockwise rhombus forces 21-24, 31-34, Name them 41-44. In this way, as shown in Fig. 4 (a), a total of 16 identical rhombus sheets are created.

[0049] Similarly, first, the rhombus sheet PB is cut in the same manner as in Fig. 2 (b) to create four identical rhombus sheets, and the rhombus forces directly above are also named PB1 to PB4 in order clockwise. . Then, as in Fig. 2 (b), the rhombus sheet PB1 is cut to create four identical rhombus sheets, The diamond powers are also named 11-14 in order clockwise. Cut sheet PB2, PB3, and PB4 in the same way as sheet PB1 to create four identical rhombus sheets, and turn them in the clockwise order from the diamond just above 2 1-24, 31-34, 41-44 Name it. In this way, a total of 16 identical rhombus sheets are created as shown in Fig. 4 (b).

[0050] Next, the four regular tetrahedron-shaped substrate pieces constituting the substrate are arranged so that each one surface is horizontal. Then, in the same manner that the sheets PA1 to PA4 and PB1 to PB4 were attached to the base material fragments 1 to 4, the sheets 11 to 14 and the sheets obtained from the sheet PA were applied to the four base material fragments. Paste sheets 11 to 14 obtained from PB. Then, the four base material fragments are connected in the same manner as the connection method of the base material fragments 1P to 4P described above. This gives a 1 Sherpinski tetrahedron.

[0051] The same treatment was performed on sheets 21 to 24 obtained from sheet PA and sheet 21 to 24 obtained from sheet PB, sheets 31 to 34 obtained from sheet PA and sheet PB obtained from sheet PB. 31-34, sheets 41-44 obtained from sheet PA, and sheets 41-44 obtained from sheet PB! /, Even if performed, three 1 Shelpinski tetrahedrons are obtained.

[0052] Then, by connecting the four shell pin ski tetrahedrons obtained in the same manner as the connection method of the base material fragments 1P to 4P described above, the first image PA can be seen from the X direction, —If you look from the X direction, you can see the second image PB.

FIG. 12 shows a solid having the shape of a two-shell Pinsky tetrahedron obtained as described above. In Fig. 12, the sheets of Fig. 4 (a) and Fig. 4 (b) with the same numbers are attached to 11-14, 21-24, 31-34, and 41-44, respectively. A regular tetrahedral base piece is shown.

[0054] In addition, the first image PA can be seen if the force in the X direction with n equal to or greater than 3 is seen, and the second image PB can be seen if the force in the x direction is seen. This method can be used.

[Embodiment 1]

The advertisement display according to the present invention can be seen in the [Method for creating a solid with two images formed], as seen in the X direction force, the first image, and in the −X direction, the second image. Can see the n In a solid with the shape of a Sherpinski tetrahedron, two advertising images are used as the above two images. That is, the advertisement display object of the present invention is an advertisement display object in which the first and second advertisement images are formed on the surface of the base material, and the base material has a substantially tetrahedral shape 4 ⁿ (n Is a natural n-Sherpinski tetrahedron shape obtained by combining pieces of base material pieces (any natural number). Of the four sides of the base material, two sides facing each other Assuming that the first side and the second side are used, each base material is displayed so that the first advertisement image appears when the base material is viewed from the midpoint of the first side toward the midpoint of the second side. Fragments of the first advertisement image are formed on two surfaces sandwiching a side that is a part of the first side or parallel to the first side in the fragment, and the substrate is placed on the second side. It is a part of the second side in each base piece so that the second advertisement image appears when viewed from the midpoint force toward the midpoint of the first side. The two surfaces sandwiching the edge are parallel to the two sides, fragments of the second advertisement image is formed. The method for creating this advertisement display may be the method described in the section [Method for creating a solid with two images formed] or the method described in the section [Embodiment 5].

[0056] Examples of the advertisement image include characters such as a logo mark of a store or a company, a product name, or a company name.

[0057] As described above, the advertisement display object of the present invention is one in which two types of advertisement images to be displayed are formed on the surface of a substrate having the shape of an n-shell pinski tetrahedron (for example, an attempt is made to display). A photograph or logo to be attached to the surface of the n-Sherpinski tetrahedron). In the advertisement display of the present invention, for 4 ⁿ pieces of base material constituting the base material having the shape of n shellpinski tetrahedron, a piece of the first advertisement image is formed on each of the two surfaces. A fragment of the second advertisement image is formed on the other two surfaces. When the advertisement display object of the present invention is viewed in the X direction and viewed from the X direction, two different advertisement images (first and second advertisement images) are visible. The n-Sherpinsky tetrahedron is a fractal solid composed of mathematical rules and has an attractive shape that attracts people's attention. In addition, it is surprising that a picture appears when looking at a certain direction force of this shape, and the advertisement image can be burned into the impression of people. This phenomenon that a picture appears when you look at a certain direction force is based on the mathematical nature of this shape, and it will power people's intellectual curiosity. This Therefore, it is expected to enhance the effect of this advertisement display.

[0058] If the advertisement display object of the present invention is placed in place of two signboards, for example, at a storefront or the like, the same advertisement effect as these signboards can be obtained. Therefore, the advertisement display thing of the present invention has the advertising effect which should be called "three-dimensional signboard". Therefore, for example, in a store such as a convenience store or a fast food store (for example, a non-burger store), the advertisement display material of the present invention in which the logo mark of the store is formed as the first and second advertisement images is displayed. It is assumed to be placed in the store for advertising purposes.

[0059] The advertisement display of the present invention can also be used to spread the puzzle of the present invention. For example, in a store such as a convenience store or a fast food store, the advertising display material of the present invention in which the store logo mark is formed as the first and second advertisement images is placed on the storefront to promote the store, At the same time, it is assumed that the puzzle of the present invention is sold in the store. In this way, the general public gets used to the picture written on the Sherpinski tetrahedron by looking at the advertising display when using the store or passing in front of the store, and the puzzle of the present invention is used. It is thought that it will show interest.

[0060] The advertisement display of the present invention needs to be placed so that both of the two advertisement images can be seen by humans (front and back), that is, from both the human power direction and the X direction. Therefore, it is necessary to place the advertising display of the present invention in an upright form (a form in which all surfaces are separated from the placing surface force such as the floor).

[0061] The advertisement display object is preferably supported so that the X direction and the X direction are horizontal. This makes it possible for both people to see both advertisement images in two horizontal directions, making it easy for many people to see! / Displaying advertisement images.

[0062] As a display method of the advertisement display object of the present invention, it is conceivable to fix the second side (the side that is closest to the front when viewed from one X direction) vertically and fix it vertically to the display stand. In addition, in order to keep the first side (the side that is closest to the front when viewed from the X direction) horizontal, both ends of the first side should be transparent plastic. Support is also possible. Also, it is possible to hang from the top with a string or wire at the top of the first side and the top of the two sides of the second side. Also, x, and so that the two advertising images are squares surrounded by the vertical and horizontal sides, not the squares with vertices — It may be fixed on the display stand after rotating 45 degrees around the x axis. Note that even when fixed in this way, the X direction and the X direction are supported horizontally.

[0063] It is also conceivable to provide a driving device (rotating means) for rotating the display stand. By providing a rotation device and rotating it around the rotation axis, it is possible to view two types of advertising images at regular intervals from any direction. As a result, more people can see the two types of advertising images, and the advertising effectiveness can be further enhanced. Also, unlike simply rotating a flat advertising image, the advertising image appears only at a specific timing, so it can attract people's interest.

[0064] The rotation speed of the table by the driving device is preferably a slow speed so that a person can easily recognize the advertisement image. In addition, the position of the rotation axis should be set so that the distance to the front side is the same regardless of which of the two types of advertising images is displayed. The same is true when hung from above instead of being fixed to the base.

[0065] In order to see both images in the same directional force, the rotation axis needs to be perpendicular to the X direction and the X direction. Consider the case where the rotation axis is taken in the vertical direction. In this case, the display object rotates so that the X direction and the X direction are horizontal. As a method for installing such an advertisement display object, it may be considered that the second side is vertical and the rotation axis is parallel to the second side, and the advertisement display object is centered on the x and X-axis axes. It is also possible to fix it to the exhibition table in a state where it is rotated 45 degrees, and use the line connecting the midpoints of the two opposite sides other than the first and second sides as the rotation axis. In the latter, changes in the shape (appearance) of people are more difficult to anticipate, which intensifies intellectual curiosity.

[Outline of the three-dimensional puzzle of the present invention]

Next, the outline | summary of the three-dimensional puzzle of this invention is demonstrated. The three-dimensional puzzle of the present invention should be a solid fitting picture (three-dimensional jigsaw puzzle is one type of this).

[0067] The three-dimensional puzzle of the present invention is the second image if the first image can be seen from the X direction, and the -X direction force can be seen. It has 4 ⁿ regular tetrahedron pazunore pieces that make up a solid with an open shape of an ^n- Shenolepinsky tetrahedron. Each tetrahedron has a first image fragment for two sides. A fragment of the second image is formed on the other two surfaces.

[0068] That is, three-dimensional puzzle of the present invention, 4 ⁿ (n almost as finished product with n-order approximation Sherupi Nsuki tetrahedral shape is obtained, having approximately the shape of a regular tetrahedron when brought into correct coupling Is a solid puzzle with a number of puzzle pieces, where the two sides facing each other are the first and second sides, and the finished product is the midpoint of the first side. From the first side of each puzzle piece, or the first side of each puzzle piece so that the first image that is almost square appears when viewed in the direction toward the midpoint of the second side (X direction). Fragments of the first image are formed on two faces that sandwich a side that is parallel to one side, and the midpoint force of the second side is also directed toward the midpoint of the first side. In each puzzle piece that is part of the second side or the second side so that a second image that is approximately square appears when viewed in the direction) Fragments of the second image are formed on two faces that sandwich the side parallel to the edge, and at least one of the vertices corresponding to the connection point between the puzzle pieces in the finished product is at least 1 other than the correct force It has a structure that can be detachably connected to at least one apex of two puzzle pieces.

[0069] Examples of the first and second images include, but are not limited to, pictures, photographs, logos, characters, and the like.

[0070] The 4 ⁿ puzzle pieces having the regular tetrahedron shape that forms the ^n- Shelpinsky tetrahedron (finished product) on which the first and second images are formed are separated. And given to players. Then, the player creates the original n-Sherpinski tetrahedron (finished product) based on the first and second images formed on each side of the puzzle piece. In other words, the player uses the hints of the connection between the first and second images formed on each side of the puzzle piece as hints so that the first and second images are reproduced. By joining together, 4 ⁿ pieces of disjointed puzzle pieces are assembled into a finished product with the shape of an nth-order approximate shellpin ski tetrahedron. When 4 ⁿ pieces of puzzle are correctly assembled into a finished product, two images are reproduced if the finished product is viewed from the X direction and the X direction (the direction in which the shadow of the square appears).

[0071] In the three-dimensional puzzle of the present invention, at least one of the vertices corresponding to the connection point between the nozzle pieces in the finished product is at least one of at least one puzzle piece other than the correct answer It has a structure that can be detachably connected to the apex. The most connected vertices are when all vertices of all puzzle pieces can be combined with all vertices of all puzzle pieces. At that time, in order to correctly connect the vertices of the puzzle pieces to obtain a finished product (n-Sherpinski tetrahedron in which the first and second images are reproduced), 4 X (4 ⁿ It is necessary to find the correct vertex (vertex to be combined with that one vertex) from -l) vertices. Furthermore, even if two vertices to be connected are determined, there are nine possibilities regarding which edge and which edge are connected at that vertex. Therefore, in order to obtain a finished product, it is necessary to search for a correct answer using hints as to how the first and second images are formed on each side of the puzzle piece, like a jigsaw puzzle. In this three-dimensional puzzle, it is assumed that there will be fewer vertices to be joined in order to limit the method of realizing the puzzle and to make the puzzle difficult.

Therefore, according to the three-dimensional puzzle of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) The work for assembling the three-dimensional puzzle according to the present invention has fun (interesting) as with a jigsaw nozzle because an image such as a picture is completed as the work proceeds. Therefore, similar to the jigsaw puzzle, it is a solid fitting picture that can give the player the pleasure of completing the image. In particular, the three-dimensional puzzle of the present invention can reproduce two types of images when completed, so there is great pleasure in completing the three-dimensional puzzle.

[0074] In addition, this solid puzzle has the following effects.

[0075] (2) The task of assembling the three-dimensional puzzle of the present invention by the player is a task of moving the puzzle pieces three-dimensionally or rotating them three-dimensionally. Therefore, in order for a player to solve the three-dimensional puzzle of the present invention, the ability to imagine a three-dimensional figure is required. Therefore, the player can develop the ability to imagine a three-dimensional figure by solving the three-dimensional puzzle of the present invention, and is interested in the three-dimensional figure. Therefore, the three-dimensional puzzle according to the present invention is also suitable as a kind of learning material (teaching puzzle) for junior high school students and high school students to understand spatial figures. In addition, the three-dimensional puzzle of the present invention is difficult and challenging because it requires the ability to imagine a three-dimensional figure. [0076] (3) The Sherpinski tetrahedron is a representative of fractal solid figures, and has many mathematically clean properties that are easy to distribute to ordinary people. Therefore, when a player performs the task of solving the three-dimensional puzzle of the present invention having the shape of a shell pin ski tetrahedron, the concept of fractal, which is the basic concept of modern mathematics, is naturally learned while playing. It can be done.

[0077] (4) The completed three-dimensional puzzle is gorgeous and looks great as an ornament! Therefore, the three-dimensional puzzle of the present invention can be displayed as a decorative item when the task of solving the puzzle is not performed or when the user is tired of solving the puzzle. At that time, the completed 3D puzzle needs to be placed so that both images are visible to humans (front and back), that is, from both the human power direction and the X direction. Therefore, the completed 3D puzzle must be placed in an upright form (a form in which all surfaces are separated from the placement surface force such as the floor). Moreover, it is desirable that it can be rotated manually. In that case, use the above-mentioned stand installation method for the advertising display.

(5) The completed three-dimensional puzzle is also useful as an advertisement display object, and can be used for the same application as the advertisement display object of the first embodiment.

[0079] The three-dimensional puzzle of the present invention can be realized only by creating a joint portion between puzzle pieces. This method of creating a joint portion between puzzle pieces is technically difficult and cannot be easily conceived by those skilled in the art.

[0080] In order to make it possible for a player to enjoy the three-dimensional puzzle of the present invention as a puzzle, the structure of the connecting part of the puzzle pieces is a combination of correct answers (a combination to obtain a finished product) 2 It is necessary that two puzzle pieces, which are combinations other than the correct answer that cannot be combined with each other, can also be combined with each other.

In the three-dimensional puzzle of the present invention, it is preferable that each vertex of each puzzle piece can be combined with many vertices of many other puzzle pieces. In addition, when creating an n-Sherpinski tetrahedron by freely combining regular tetrahedrons, the two vertices that can be connected to each other are divided into nine ways depending on which side and which side are straight. They can be connected to each other in a combined form. The two vertices that can be connected to each other in the three-dimensional puzzle of the present invention are the above-mentioned nine connection forms (a set of one puzzle piece side and the other puzzle piece side that are aligned with each other). It is desirable to be able to connect with each other in all nine types of connection).

As a result, the search space for searching for the correct answer of the three-dimensional puzzle is widened, and the three-dimensional puzzle can be provided with a high level of difficulty in solving the three-dimensional puzzle and having a challenging level for the player.

[0082] On the other hand, this 3D puzzle has enough difficulty to build this 3D puzzle itself, so it is enough for beginners and those who are only looking forward to building a 3D puzzle. It is desirable that hints be given. As a hint, due to the mechanism of the connection part, it is possible to make the connection impossible with many combinations other than the correct answer, and it is also possible that the pair of two correct vertices is colored the same. It is conceivable that a puzzle is given to a player with several vertices connected from the beginning, or with some vertices fixed, including the angle. Or, when the answer is correct, it is possible that the player is given an image that also shows the direction force of X and X.

[0083] The structure of the connecting portion between puzzle pieces can be considered in various forms. Three typical forms will be described below.

[Embodiment 2]

One embodiment of the three-dimensional puzzle of the present invention will be described below.

[0085] In the three-dimensional puzzle of the present embodiment, in the three-dimensional puzzle of the present invention described above, each puzzle piece is embedded with a magnet so that two vertices are N poles and the other two vertices are S poles. There is something.

[0086] The magnet has one vertex force along each of the two opposite sides of each puzzle piece, the force to embed it to the other vertex, or two N poles at the four vertices of each puzzle piece. Embed the magnet so that there are two S poles. A configuration in which magnets are embedded along the side can reduce the number of magnets compared to a configuration in which magnets are embedded at each apex (for example, the finished product has a 2-shell pinski tetrahedron shape). (In some cases, the number of magnets can be reduced from 64 to 32). Forces Each magnet is expected to increase in size and cost.

[0087] In addition, the magnets are arranged so that one of the two vertices (the vertices of two different puzzle pieces) corresponding to the connection point of the finished product has N pole and the other vertex has S pole. Has been. this Thus, when each puzzle piece is correctly combined, the two vertices corresponding to the connection point of the finished product are connected to each other by magnetic force. In addition, each vertex of each puzzle piece can be connected to two vertices in all other puzzle pieces, so each puzzle piece is assembled in a combination different from the correct answer, and is the same as the finished product. It is also possible to have a tetrahedral shape (however, the image is not reproduced).

[0088] One example of the three-dimensional puzzle of the present embodiment will be described based on FIG. 5 (al), FIG. 5 (a2), FIG. 5 (b), FIG. 5 (c), FIG. 5 (d), and FIG. This will be described below. In this example, each puzzle piece is along a side corresponding to the center line of the two image fragments formed, with respect to a base piece having a regular tetrahedron shape with two image fragments formed. It is explained that the magnet is arranged. When embedding a magnet at each vertex, it is only necessary to embed the magnet so that the magnetism at each vertex is the same as described below. In this example, we will explain a 3D puzzle that, when completed, will be a finished product with the shape of a 1 Sherpinski tetrahedron.

The three-dimensional puzzle includes four puzzle pieces 51 to 54 shown in FIG. 5 (al), FIG. 5 (a2), FIG. 5 (b), and FIG. 5 (c). The puzzle pieces 51 to 54 are the base piece on which the image PA fragments PA1 to PA4 and image PB fragments PB1 to PB4 are formed on the surface described in the section [Method for creating a solid with two images formed]. For 1P to 4P, along the side corresponding to the center line of the image PA fragment PA 1 to PA4 and the side corresponding to the center line of the image PB fragments PB 1 to PB4 in each base material fragment 1P to 4P The magnets 51a to 54a and the magnets 51b to 54b are embedded so that one vertex force also extends to the other vertex. Nozzle pieces 51 and 52 have the same polarity in both magnets. This magnet arrangement is referred to as arrangement (a). The puzzle piece 53 has a polarity in which the magnet 51b'52b has a south pole on the front side in the drawing, while the magnet 53b has a polarity in which the front side has a north pole on the drawing. This magnet arrangement is referred to as arrangement (b). The puzzle piece 54 has a polarity such that the magnet 5 la '52a has an N pole on the upper side in the drawing, while the magnet 54a has a polarity on the upper side in the drawing. This magnet arrangement will be referred to as arrangement (c). The method of embedding magnets along the edges of the base material fragment is equivalent to the center line of the image PA fragment, in which the direction of both magnets in the arrangement (a) is reversed to these three types of forces. The magnet placed on the side that has a polarity with the S pole on the upper side in the drawing and the magnet placed on the side corresponding to the center line of the image PB fragment has the N pole on the front side in the drawing (See Fig. 5 (d)). This magnet arrangement is called arrangement (d).

[0090] Regarding the magnetism of the four vertices of the n-Sielpinski tetrahedron obtained by correctly assembling the three-dimensional puzzle of the present embodiment, the magnetic arrangement of the four vertices matches any of these four arrangements. In the following, we will use the arrangement (a) to arrangement (d) t, also referred to as the magnetism of the four vertices of the n Sherpinski tetrahedron.

[0091] In the case of puzzle pieces 51 to 54, the combination of the puzzle piece 51 · 52 of the arrangement (a), the puzzle piece 53 of the arrangement (b), and the puzzle piece 54 of the arrangement (c) is combined as shown in FIG. It is possible to create a 1-Shellpinski tetrahedron with a magnetic arrangement of (a). Similarly, it can be created by combining 1-Shellpinsky tetrahedral force arrangement (a) to arrangement (d) puzzle pieces of arrangement (a) to arrangement (d). Table 1 summarizes whether each Shelpinski tetrahedron of each configuration is composed of V, one piece of puzzle configuration (a) to configuration (d).

[0092] [Table 1]

Similarly, (n— 1) shell pin ski tetrahedrons with arrangements (a) with their respective magnetic arrangements, and (n— 1) shell pin ski tetrahedrons with arrangements (b) and (c). An n-Sherpinsky tetrahedron with configuration (a) can be created from each body. Similarly for the n-Sherpinsky tetrahedrons with configurations (b), (c), and (d), the number of configurations (a) to (d) (n-1) ) Can be created from a Sherpinski tetrahedron. Thus, a 2 Sherpinski tetrahedron with configuration (a) has 6 puzzle pieces with configuration (a), 4 puzzle pieces with configuration (b), and 4 puzzle pieces with configuration (c). It can be created from two puzzle pieces with the number (d).

[0093] The player uses four (m-1) -Sherpinski tetrahedrons (m = l, 2, ···) with hints on the image fragments drawn on the puzzle pieces and the magnetic properties of the vertices. · ·, N; “0 shell pin ski tetrahedron” represents a regular tetrahedron (puzzle piece) to m shell pin ski tetrahedron By repeating the process of creating a body, it is possible to create an n-Sherpinski tetrahedron.

[0094] The three-dimensional puzzle of the present embodiment has the following advantages.

[0095] (1) Since the puzzle pieces can be joined by simply bringing the puzzle pieces close to each other at an arbitrary angle, the player can handle them and the player can freely join the puzzle pieces or rotate the puzzle pieces. And solve puzzles.

[0096] (2) The connecting piece other than the puzzle piece is necessary. Moreover, since the outer shape of the puzzle piece is a nearly perfect tetrahedron, the completed puzzle becomes a nearly perfect n-Sherpinski tetrahedron. . Therefore, the image comes out neatly when the puzzle is completed.

[0097] (3) Since a connecting part other than a puzzle piece is required, the connecting operation is easier than when using a connecting part other than a puzzle piece, and the player needs dexterity at hand. Not. Since there is no need for connecting parts other than puzzle pieces, there is no need to be careful not to lose the connecting parts or to prevent children from swallowing the connecting parts.

[0098] (4) Since the four vertices of the completed 3D puzzle (n-Sherpinsky tetrahedron) have magnetism, when displaying (displaying) the completed 3D puzzle, the completed 3D puzzle is displayed using a magnet. Can be easily fixed using.

[0099] In the above-described configuration, combinations of vertices having magnetism of the same polarity among the combinations of vertices of the puzzle pieces cannot be coupled to each other. Therefore, combinations of vertices with magnetism of the same magnetic polarity are excluded from the initial force correct combination force. This narrows the search space for searching for the correct combination of vertices. For this reason, it is possible to give moderate hints to players with low 3D puzzle solving ability (beginners, etc.) and reduce the difficulty of 3D puzzles.

[0100] In the configuration described above, magnets are arranged at all vertices of all puzzle pieces, but magnets are not arranged at the vertices of the puzzle pieces corresponding to the vertices of the completed three-dimensional puzzle. Also good. However, in that case, a nozzle piece with a vertex corresponding to the vertex of the completed 3D puzzle cannot be combined with another puzzle piece at one vertex. Therefore, a player who only has a narrow search space for searching for the correct answer of a three-dimensional puzzle can use a puzzle piece having a vertex corresponding to the vertex of the completed three-dimensional puzzle as another puzzle piece (to the vertex of the completed three-dimensional puzzle). It can be easily distinguished from puzzle pieces that do not have a corresponding vertex. As a result, players with low ability to solve 3D puzzles will be given appropriate hints and the difficulty of 3D puzzles will be reduced.

[0101] However, if magnets are placed at all vertices of all puzzle pieces, as described above, the completed 3D puzzle can be easily fixed using magnets when decorating the completed 3D puzzle. can get. In addition, if magnets are placed at all vertices of all puzzle pieces, the search space for searching the correct answer of the three-dimensional puzzle will be widened, and the player will be able to find other puzzle pieces with vertices corresponding to the vertices of the finished product. Cannot be easily distinguished from the puzzle pieces (the puzzle pieces that do not have vertices corresponding to the vertices of the finished product). Therefore, it is possible to provide a highly challenging 3D puzzle to a player with high 3D puzzle solving ability.

[Embodiment 3]

The three-dimensional puzzle of the present embodiment further includes (2 X 4 ⁿ — 2) bars in the above-described three-dimensional puzzle of the present invention, and the bars can be removably inserted into the vertices of each puzzle piece. A hole is provided.

[0103] The puzzle piece is obtained as follows. That is, first, in the hollow tetrahedral base piece, a portion near each vertex is cut off along a plane perpendicular to the straight line connecting each vertex and the center of the puzzle piece (a total of four faces). Drill a triangular hole by connecting to the cavity inside. It is desirable that the volume of the portion to be cut off is as small as possible. The constituent material of the puzzle piece is not particularly limited, and for example, a blast can be used.

[0104] The number of the above-mentioned sticks is the same as the number of connected portions of the puzzle pieces, that is, (2 X 4 ⁿ -2). The rod has such a thickness that it can be inserted into the hole along the inner surface of the side of the tetrahedron. As a constituent material of the rod, it is preferable to use a material having high rigidity, for example, a metal so that the puzzle piece can be firmly fixed by the rod. In addition, the length of the rod may be determined as appropriate in consideration of the ease of assembly of the nozzle and the support strength of the rod (depending on the material of the rod). To reduce the size of the puzzle piece by making the hole in the puzzle piece smaller, the stick is as thin as possible.

[0105] In the center of the stick, don't fall into the hollow inside the stick puzzle piece and lose the hole power. An overhanging portion having a diameter larger than that of the hole is formed. It is desirable that the overhang portion has a shape that fills a gap generated between the puzzle pieces when the puzzle pieces are joined together.

[0106] An example of the bar will be described. As shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b), the rod 62 in this example has an overhanging portion 62a having a pentahedral shape. As shown in Fig. 7 (a), the overhanging portion 62a is connected to both ends of the rod 62 by inserting and connecting the ends of the rod 62 into the hole 61a at the apex of the two puzzle pieces 61. It fills the cut-out part (tetrahedron) of the two puzzle pieces 61. The overhanging portion 62a has a shape in which the cut portions (tetrahedrons) of the two puzzle pieces 61 are connected. In this example, when both ends of the stick 62 are inserted all the way into the hole 61a at the apex of the two puzzle pieces 61, the sides of the two puzzle pieces 61 are in a straight line, and the cut off portions of the two puzzle pieces 61 are overhanging parts 62a. In the two puzzle pieces 61, the positions corresponding to the vertices of the base piece before cutting off the portions in the vicinity of each vertex coincide with each other, and the two puzzle pieces 61 are joined.

[0107] By connecting the puzzle pieces via the sticks in this way at the 6 joining points of the 4 puzzle pieces, 1 Sherpinski tetrahedron is obtained, and each puzzle piece is fixed. In addition, by performing the same processing on the four 1-shell Pinsky tetrahedrons, a 2-shell Pinsky tetrahedron is obtained, and each puzzle piece is fixed. By repeating the same process, each puzzle piece is fixed and an arbitrary n-Sherpinski tetrahedron is obtained.

[0108] The connection form of the two puzzle pieces 61 using the rod 62 is such that the positions corresponding to the vertices of the base piece before the portions near the vertices in the two puzzle pieces 61 are cut off. As shown in Fig. 8 (a), the two puzzle pieces 61 are joined so that the parts (tetrahedrons) cut from the base piece pieces overlap each other as shown in Fig. 8 (a). Forms are also conceivable. This coupling form has an advantage that the gap between the puzzle pieces 61 is narrowed, so that the size of the overhanging portion can be made smaller than in the forms of FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b). In order to realize this connection form, instead of the rod 62, a regular tetrahedron corresponding to a portion (tetrahedron) cut off from the base material fragment as shown in FIGS. 8 (a) to 8 (c). If you use a rod 63 with an overhang 63a with the shape of

[0109] In this case, in order to continuously connect the images at the vertices, The image formed in the part corresponding to the regular tetrahedron must overlap each other between the puzzle pieces 61 by the width of the tetrahedron part from which the vertex force is cut off at each cutting line obtained by cutting the entire image. . This makes it easier to see the entire image when looking at the finished product image, rather than the drawbacks.

[0110] As shown in FIG. 8 (c), it is preferable to provide a bulging portion 63c at the tip of the rod 63 so that the rod is not easily pulled out after being inserted into the hole. As a result, when a player plays with a three-dimensional puzzle, it is possible to prevent the stick once in the hole from being pulled out without permission, which is convenient for the player.

[0111] It is preferable that the rod and the hole are fixed so that the angle of the rod is substantially parallel to the side of each puzzle piece when the rod is inserted into the hole all the way. As a result, the two puzzle pieces can be fixed together, including the angle and direction. Therefore, the task of assembling the puzzle pieces into a finished product becomes easy.

[0112] In order to realize a configuration in which the rod is fixed when the rod is inserted all the way into the hole as described above, for example, as shown in FIG. A groove 63b may be formed along the line. Thus, when the rod 63 is inserted into the hole 61a as far as it will go, the periphery of the hole 61a of the puzzle piece 61 is caught in the groove 63b, and the rod 63 is fixed. However, this fixing is a temporary fixing and can be easily removed if the rod 63 is to be removed.

[0113] Although image fragments are also formed on each surface of the nozzle piece of the present embodiment, the arrangement and the formation method need to overlap the picture at the cutting line when the rod 63 is used. Except for this, it is exactly the same as that described in the section [Method for creating a solid with two images formed], and the description thereof will be omitted.

[0114] The three-dimensional puzzle of the present embodiment has the following advantages.

[0115] (1) Since any two vertices can be combined (each vertex of each puzzle piece can be combined with all vertices of all other puzzle pieces), the difficulty of 3D puzzles with a wide search space can be reduced. It can be further increased.

[0116] (2) Compared to Embodiment 2, the manufacturing cost can be reduced by the amount that a magnet is not required.

[0117] (3) Since there are holes at the four vertices of the completed 3D puzzle (n Shellpinsky tetrahedron), a stick that fits into the hole is displayed when decorating (displaying) the completed 3D puzzle. The completed 3D puzzle can be easily fixed to the installation place by standing and fixing it at the installation location and fitting the stick into the hole of the completed 3D puzzle.

[0118] Although the above-mentioned advantage (1) cannot be obtained, in order to prevent the rods from being lost and to facilitate the joining work, by increasing 63c shown in Fig. 8 (c), one end of the rods can be obtained. Do n’t leave your side connected to the puzzle piece at first.

[Embodiment 4]

The three-dimensional puzzle according to the present embodiment is provided with a joint that can be freely attached and detached and can be rotated 360 degrees at a joint between puzzle pieces, and the joint is composed of a convex part and a concave part that are joined to each other. It is.

That is, the three-dimensional puzzle of the present embodiment is similar to the three-dimensional puzzle of the present invention described above, and the two vertices of each puzzle piece are formed with convex portions, while the other two vertices are formed. Is formed with a concave portion into which the convex portion can be fitted, and the convex portion has a spherical shape centering on the apex, and the surface of the concave portion has the same radius as the sphere. A hemispherical surface centered at the apex. The hemisphere passes through the center of the tetrahedron and the vertex, is perpendicular to the line segment, and has a cut through the vertex. As a result, when the convex part of one puzzle piece is pressed against the concave part of the other puzzle piece so that the three points of the vertex connecting the center of the tetrahedron of the two puzzle pieces are aligned, the convex part is It will be able to rotate 360 degrees centered on the straight line that connects the center of both puzzle pieces.

[0121] In order to connect the puzzle pieces correctly and to align the sides of each puzzle piece in a straight line, the joint must be connected to the convex part in three directions tan— ¹ (2 2) radians (approximately 70 It is necessary to defeat only the angle. In addition, it is desirable that the joint can be fixed in a state where the convex portion is tilted. Such a joint can be realized by using a convex part such as a sphere with three protrusions and a concave part that receives it with three cuts. That is, such a joint can be realized by configuring the convex portion and the concave portion as follows. In other words, on the surface of the convex part, plate-like protrusions (extension surfaces passing through the center of the convex part and the center of the regular tetrahedron) perpendicular to each of the three surfaces in contact with the convex part are formed. In addition, a slit extending along the direction of the force toward the center of the recess from the center of the three surfaces in contact with the recess (the extended surface passes through the center of the recess and the center of the tetrahedron) Form. further When the plate-like protrusion and the slit are fitted into the concave portion and the position of the plate-like protrusion is adjusted to the position of the slit, the plate-like protrusion is caused to enter the slit to cause the protrusion. The part is formed so that it can be tilted by an angle of approximately tan- ¹ (2 2) radians in the direction of the slit of the recess. In order to fix the connection to some extent when it is tilted all the way to the back, a groove is formed in the plate-like protrusion, and no force is applied when the slit enters along the groove, but other direction force slits Some force is required when inserting, and conversely, do not apply some force, so that the plate-like protrusion does not come out from the slit.

[0122] According to the above configuration, the convex portion is fitted into the concave portion, the position of the plate-like projection is adjusted to the position of the slit, and the plate-like projection is inserted into the slit, thereby causing the convex portion to enter. By tilting the dent in the above-mentioned recess direction by an angle of approximately tan— ¹ (212) radians (approximately 70 degrees), two puzzle pieces can be joined at an angle such that both sides are aligned on a straight line. it can . Also, by selecting three plate-like projection forces for the plate-like protrusions that penetrate the slit and selecting from three slits for the slits that allow the plate-like projections to penetrate, the combination of two sides aligned on a straight line is 9 Everything is feasible.

[0123] The nozzle piece should be made of plastic or the like! In the puzzle piece, the position where the convex portion and the concave portion are formed may be a position where the S pole and the N pole exist in the puzzle piece of the second embodiment. Therefore, the above-mentioned convex part or concave part is formed at every vertex of every puzzle piece. In addition, in order to reduce the difficulty of the three-dimensional puzzle, the above-described convex portion and concave portion may not be formed at the vertex of the puzzle piece corresponding to the vertex of the completed three-dimensional puzzle. However, the difficulty level of a three-dimensional puzzle can be increased by forming the above-mentioned convex portions or concave portions at all vertices of all puzzle pieces.

[0124] An example of the joint will be described below based on Figs. 9 (a) to 9 (d), Figs. 10 (a) to 10 (c), and Fig. 11.

FIGS. 9 (a) to 9 (d) are diagrams showing a puzzle piece (puzzle piece being created) in which the convex portions constituting the joint are formed at only one vertex. In an actual puzzle piece, as described above, convex portions or concave portions are formed at all vertices. Figure 9 (a) shows a top view of a puzzle piece with a convex part formed on only one vertex, placed on a horizontal surface with the convex part facing up, that is, the convex part is only on one vertex. Whether the apex of the formed puzzle piece is its apex It is the figure seen in the direction which faces the center of a puzzle piece. Fig. 9 (b) is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section along the dashed line in Fig. 9 (a), as seen from the direction of the thin line arrow, of the puzzle piece with the convex portion formed at only one vertex. is there. Fig. 9 (c) is a view of the puzzle piece having a convex portion formed only at one vertex from the direction of the thick arrow in Fig. 9 (a). FIG. 9 (d) is a perspective view of a puzzle piece having a convex portion formed only at one vertex as seen from the direction of the thick dotted arrow in FIG. 9 (a).

[0126] As shown in FIGS. 9 (a) to 9 (d), the convex portions constituting the joint are in contact with the spherical portion 80a centering on the apex of the puzzle piece 80 and the apex of the puzzle piece 80. The plate-shaped protrusion 80b perpendicular to the three surfaces is formed to connect each of the two surfaces and the spherical portion 80a. In the plate-like protrusion 80b, a shallow groove having the same width as the concave portion is dug along the spherical surface. Specifically, as shown in the figure, the plate-like protrusion 80b is a part of a disk having a radius longer than the radius of the sphere, and when the puzzle piece is placed on a plane with the apex forming the convex part up. The size does not appear above the horizontal plane. A shallow groove is dug along the edge of the sphere with the same width as the thickness of the recess.

[0127] FIGS. 10 (a) to 10 (c) are diagrams showing puzzle pieces (puzzle pieces being created) formed only at the vertices of the concave force constituting the joint. In an actual puzzle piece, as described above, convex portions or concave portions are formed at all vertices. Fig. 10 (a) shows a top view of a puzzle piece with a concave part formed only at one vertex on a horizontal surface with the concave part facing up, that is, a puzzle piece formed with only one vertex with a concave force. It is the figure which looked at the apex of the vertices in the direction of the force in the center of the puzzle piece. FIG. 10 (b) is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section taken along the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 10 (a) from the direction of the thin line arrow of the puzzle piece in which the concave portion is formed only at one vertex. Fig. 10 (c) is a diagram of a puzzle piece with a recess formed only at one vertex as seen from the direction of the thick arrow in Fig. 10 (a).

[0128] As shown in FIGS. 10 (a) to 10 (c), the recess has a bowl-shaped portion having a hemispherical inner surface and an outer surface centered on the top of the puzzle piece 90 that receives the spherical portion 80a. Has 90a. This part 90a has slits (cuts) 90b along the center line of the three faces of the puzzle piece 90 (the line connecting the apex and the midpoint of one side of the opposite face) until it touches the face. It is put in. [0129] When the puzzle piece 80 shown in FIGS. 9 (a) to 9 (d) and the puzzle piece 90 shown in FIGS. 10 (a) to 10 (c) are combined, the puzzle is formed as shown in FIG. Piece 80 and puzzle piece 90 are combined. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the state in which the nozzle piece 80 and the puzzle piece 90 are coupled, cut along a plane passing through the apex (corresponding to the alternate long and short dash line in FIGS. 9A and 10A).

[0130] It should be noted that the force by which image fragments are also formed on each side of the puzzle piece of the present embodiment. The arrangement and formation method are as described in [Method for creating a solid with two images formed]. The explanation is omitted because it is exactly the same as that described above.

[0131] In the present embodiment, it is preferable that the size of the joint of the coupling portion is set to a level that does not obscure the picture of the finished product.

[0132] The three-dimensional puzzle of the present embodiment has the following advantages.

[0133] (1) The player can think about the correct answer while handling and immediately putting the puzzle pieces together and rotating them. In addition, since the player can clearly grasp the nine forms in which two puzzle pieces are connected at the same vertex, the player can easily think of the correct answer.

(2) With two puzzle pieces connected, the coupling angle and direction can be fixed. Therefore, 1—Sherpinski tetrahedron, 2—Sherpinski tetrahedron, 2—Shellpinski tetrahedron to 3—Sherpinski tetrahedron, in order, n—Sherpinski tetrahedron A finished product with a body shape (n is 2 or more) can be assembled. Also, a pair of puzzle pieces with images connected to each other can be combined and fixed. These facilitate the task of assembling the puzzle pieces into a finished product.

(3) Compared to Embodiment 2, the manufacturing cost can be reduced by the amount that the magnet is not required. In particular, the three-dimensional puzzle according to the present embodiment can be manufactured only with an inexpensive blast, and in that case, the manufacturing cost can be further reduced.

(4) Since connecting parts other than puzzle pieces are required, the connecting operation is easier than in the case of using connecting parts other than puzzle pieces, and the player is not required to use dexterity at hand. Since there is no need for connecting parts other than puzzle pieces, there is no need to be careful not to lose the connecting parts or to prevent children from swallowing the connecting parts.

[0136] Further, in the configuration described above, among the combinations of the vertices of the puzzle pieces, combinations of the vertices having the same shape cannot be coupled to each other. Therefore, the combination of vertices with the same shape The first force correct combination power is eliminated. As a result, as in the first embodiment, the search space for searching for the correct combination of vertexes is narrowed. For this reason, it is possible to give a moderate hint to a player who has a low ability to solve a three-dimensional puzzle and lower the difficulty of a three-dimensional puzzle.

[Embodiment 5]

Still another embodiment of the three-dimensional puzzle according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

As shown in FIGS. 13 (a) and 13 (b), the three-dimensional puzzle of the present embodiment includes (2 × 4 ^{n —2} ) connecting members 72 in the three-dimensional puzzle of the present invention described above. In addition, each connecting member 72 has a shape in which the rod is bent at an intermediate point of an angle of approximately tan ^{_ 1} (2 2) radians (about 70 degrees). A hole 71a into which the member 72 can be removably inserted is provided so as to continue toward the center of each puzzle piece 71. The bent position of the connecting member 72 may be shifted from the midpoint.However, in order to ensure sufficient length of the straight portions on both sides inserted into the hole 71a, the bent position of the link 72 is near the midpoint. I prefer to be there.

[0139] The constituent material of the nozzle piece 71 is not particularly limited. For example, plastic (non-foamed synthetic resin or semi-synthetic resin), foamed resin such as foamed urethane (urethane foam) ( Synthetic resin or semi-synthetic resin foam moldings) can be used.

[0140] The connecting members 72 are prepared only for the number of connecting portions of the puzzle pieces 71, that is, (2 X 4 ⁿ -2).

[0141] The connecting member 72 has a shape in which the bar is bent at an ^intermediate point of an angle of approximately tan ^_1 (2 2) radians (approximately 70 degrees), that is, two straight portions (bar-shaped portions) of equal length are approximately tan — It has a shape joined at an angle of ¹ (2 2) radians (about 70 degrees). The connecting member 72 can be obtained by (1) bending a bar (for example, a wire) that can be bent at an angle of approximately tan— ¹ (2 2) radians (about 70 degrees) at one point; (2) Initially formed into a shape bent at an angle of approximately tan- ¹ (212) radians (approximately 70 degrees) at the midpoint; (3) Two rods of equal length at the midpoint Examples include those joined at an angle of approximately tan- ¹ (2 2) radians (approximately 70 degrees). Of these, (1) is preferable because the connecting member 72 having a uniform thickness can be easily formed. [0142] As a constituent material of the connecting member 72, it is sufficient that the player has a rigidity that does not collapse when the player inserts the connecting member 72 into the hole 71a. For example, a metal is used. Is exempted.

[0143] It is preferable that the thickness of the connecting member 72 is reduced to such an extent that it does not interfere with the completed three-dimensional puzzle image (for example, lm m or less). Further, it is preferable that the thickness of the connecting member 72 is substantially uniform. The length of the connecting member 72 is such that the connecting member 72 does not reach the center of the puzzle piece 71 when the connecting member 72 is inserted into the hole 71a from the top of the puzzle piece 71 to the middle point. What is necessary is just to determine suitably to such an extent that it is hard to break. The cross-sectional shape of the connecting member 72 is a circle in this example, but is not particularly limited.

[0144] In the hole 71a of the puzzle piece 71, the connecting member 72 is fixed simply by inserting the connecting member 72, and the connecting member 72 is rubbed to the extent that the connecting member 72 does not rotate or pass through without applying force. It is desirable to be able to hold by. For example, the puzzle piece 71 is made of a material having rebound resilience, such as urethane foam, and the hole 71a is formed halfway through a hole having a length corresponding to the straight portion 72a of the connecting member 72, that is, the connecting member. It is conceivable that the straight part 72 of 72 is formed shorter than the straight part 72a. As a result, the force when the player first places the connecting member 72 causes the hole 71a to expand toward the center of the puzzle piece 71 (the remaining hole of the length corresponding to the straight portion 72a of the connecting member 72). The connecting member 72 is held in the hole 71a. Alternatively, the puzzle piece 71 may be made of a material having rebound resilience such as urethane foam, and the diameter of the hole 71a may be smaller than the diameter of the connecting member 72. As the material having the above rebound resilience, an elastic foam other than urethane foam, rubber, a thermoplastic elastomer, or the like can be used.

[0145] Next, a method for assembling the three-dimensional puzzle according to the present embodiment will be described.

[0146] First, when the apexes of the two nozzle pieces 71 are joined, the connecting member 72 may be inserted to the midpoint between the holes 71a of the two nozzle pieces 71. That is, the entire two straight portions 72a of the connecting member 72 are inserted into the holes 71a of the two nozzle pieces 71.

[0147] When two puzzle pieces 71 (referred to as "Puzzle piece 71A") are joined, another puzzle piece 71 (referred to as "Puzzle piece 71B") can be joined using puzzle piece 71B. Puzzle pieces in 7

Two connecting members 72 are attached to the holes 71a provided at the two apexes to be connected to 1A. Insert each to the middle point, and as shown in Fig. 14 (a), the direction of the remaining straight portions 72a of the two connecting members 72 that also project the force of the puzzle piece 71B is perpendicular to the plane in which the puzzle piece 71B is joined The two puzzle pieces 71A in the two puzzle pieces 71A that are connected in advance are slid from the position above the apex to be connected to the puzzle piece 71B (position on the extension line of the hole 71a) to slide the two connecting members 72 It only has to be inserted into the two holes 71a of the piece 71A at the same time. As a result, as shown in FIG. 14 (b), the three puzzle pieces 71A and 71B are coupled to each other.

[0148] When these three puzzle pieces 71A.71B are joined, another puzzle piece 71 (referred to as "Puzzle Piece 71 C") can be joined to obtain a 1 Sherpinski tetrahedron. In the puzzle piece 71C, three connecting members 72 are inserted to the midpoints in the holes 71a provided at the three vertices to be connected to the puzzle pieces 71Α and 71Β, as shown in Fig. 15 (a). The puzzle pieces 71C in the three puzzle pieces 71Α and 71Β are joined together by forcefully connecting the remaining straight portions 72a of the two connecting members 72 so that they are perpendicular to the plane in which the puzzle pieces 71C are joined. Insert the three connecting members 72 from the position above the apex to be connected (position on the extension line of the hole 71a) into the three holes 71a of the puzzle pieces 71Α and 71Β at the same time. As a result, a finished product 70 having the shape of a 1-shell pinski tetrahedron shown in FIG. 15 (b) is obtained.

[0149] Creating an (n + 1) Sherpinski tetrahedron from four n Sherpinski tetrahedrons (n + 1) is similar to creating a 1 Sherpinski tetrahedron as described above.

) Create a single seal pinski tetrahedron.

It should be noted that image fragments are also formed on each surface of the puzzle piece 71 of the present embodiment, and the arrangement and formation method thereof are described in the section [Method for creating a solid with two images formed]. The explanation is omitted because it is exactly the same as the previous one.

[0151] The three-dimensional puzzle of the present embodiment has the following advantages.

[0152] (1) Since any two vertices can be combined (each vertex of each puzzle piece can be combined with all vertices of all other puzzle pieces), compared to Embodiments 2 and 4 The difficulty of a 3D puzzle with a wide search space can be further increased.

[0153] (2) Compared to Embodiment 2, the manufacturing cost can be reduced by the amount that a magnet is not required.

(3) Compared to Embodiment 3, puzzle pieces can be coupled with a small force. [0155] (4) Also, it is possible to join the puzzle pieces one by one, and even if the puzzle pieces are joined one by one, the angle between the nozzle pieces can be fixed. Therefore, as compared with Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 3, the task of assembling a puzzle piece into a finished product becomes easier.

(5) The completed three-dimensional puzzle is more difficult to break than the second embodiment, and has a shape closer to a shell pin ski tetrahedron than the third embodiment.

[0157] This creation method can also be used to create an advertisement display in the first embodiment.

In that case, it is preferable to fix the connecting member 72 to the hole 71a with an adhesive or the like after completion.

[0158] The finished product 70 according to the present embodiment is useful as a three-dimensional display such as a decoration (decoration), an advertisement display, and a three-dimensional logo, and, as described above, is difficult to break. It is closer to the ski tetrahedron and has the advantage of being shaped! Therefore, 4 ⁿ pieces of puzzle 71 and (2 × 4 ⁿ −2) connecting members 72 may be assembled as a three-dimensional puzzle and sold as a three-dimensional display. In this three-dimensional display, it is not necessary to provide the holes 71a at all the vertices of the base material fragments, and the holes 71a may be provided only at the vertices corresponding to the connection points between the base material fragments. Further, the connecting member 72 may be inserted into the holes of the different base material pieces on both sides, but it is desirable that the connecting member 72 be fixed with an adhesive or the like so as not to come out of the hole 71a.

[0159] As an application of this stereoscopic display, it may be possible to display it in a room or a store and enjoy it. Examples of images on a stereoscopic display include photographs of tourist spots such as temples and shrines and logos of academic institutions and companies.

[0160] In addition, the above-described three-dimensional puzzle (a combination of 4 ⁿ pieces of puzzle 71 and (2 X 4 ⁿ — 2) connecting members 7 2) force puzzles can also be used to create a three-dimensional display. It is useful for development.

[0161] In other words, the stereoscopic display creation kit according to the embodiment of the present invention includes 4 ⁿ pieces of base material having the same shape as the puzzle piece 71 and (2 X 4 ⁿ -2) connected pieces. Member 72.

[0162] This creation kit does not clearly show how to assemble the base piece to the purchaser, but can be used to entertain the purchaser as a puzzle. It is possible to specify where things are connected and allow the purchaser to assemble them as fun puzzles. Therefore, at least one of the vertices corresponding to the joining points of the base material pieces in the finished product can be detachably connected to at least one vertex of at least one base piece other than the correct answer It is not necessary to have In other words, like the three-dimensional puzzle, the connecting member 72 can not be inserted / removed (inserted / removed) many times, and can only be inserted once.

[0163] The above-mentioned preparation kit includes, for example, 4 ⁿ (4, 16, 64, or "" base material fragments formed of urethane foam and a wire (2 X 4 ⁿ — 2 It is conceivable to sell a product that includes a single connecting member 72. Instead of the connecting member 72, a part for forming the connecting member 72 by processing by the purchaser, for example, (2 X 4 ⁿ -2) 1 wire with a length corresponding to 72 connecting members 72 or (2 X 4 ⁿ -2) wires that become the connecting member 72 when bent at the midpoint may be used. However, in these cases, it is preferable to use the connecting member 72 because it requires labor for the purchaser to process.

[0164] An image was formed on the above-mentioned base piece by a purchaser of a preparation kit that may have an initial image formed by a method such as attaching a sheet (such as a photograph) on which an image has been formed. The user may be able to form a desired image by a method such as pasting a sheet (such as a photograph). In the latter case, when data for two images (photos, etc.) is given, the computer is caused to execute a process of outputting a pattern of an image-formed sheet (photo fragments, etc.) to be pasted to the base piece from the printer. A recording medium storing software for the above may be attached to the preparation kit.

[0165] This creation kit can be used to create 3D displays! /, And can be used in the process of creating 3D displays! It is also useful as a learning material that can be learned.

[0166] In addition, three-dimensional puzzle according to the present invention, 4 ⁿ pieces have approximately the shape of a tetrahedron, the first images fragment and the second paper mosquito fragment was formed in the imageゝRanaru Puzzle A means that can be attached to and removed from the puzzle piece and is easily available to the user (e.g. cellophane tape or a stick that can be inserted into the apex of two puzzle pieces to be joined (e.g. piano) It can be realized with a hard, wire like wire rod). [0167] In this case, manufacturer of solid puzzle, 4 ⁿ pieces of selling type paper for creating the puzzle piece to the user, the user creates a 4 ⁿ pieces of the puzzle piece from paper, A 3D puzzle may be created using the 4 ⁿ pieces of puzzle created and a means that allows the user to attach and detach the puzzle pieces. For example, as shown in FIG. 50, a pattern 100 for creating four puzzle pieces 1P to 4P includes a cut line, a crease, twelve margins a to c, and a fragment PA1 of the first image PA. ~ PA4 and the second image PB fragment PB1 ~ PB4 are formed on the paper, cut along the above cut line, fold all over the crease, and paste on a to c Assemble the cut lines (shown as solid lines in Fig. 50) and fold lines (shown as broken lines in Fig. 50) so that 4 ⁿ pieces (n is an arbitrary natural number) puzzle pieces with a regular tetrahedron shape can be created. ), And margins a to c are configured, and the four puzzle pieces 1P to 4P, when correctly combined, will give a finished product with the shape of a first order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron. It ’s like that. The fragments PA1 to PA4 of the first image PA and the fragments PB1 to PB4 of the second image PB are the same as described in the section [Method for creating a solid with two images formed]. Is formed. In order to assemble each puzzle piece, first, three creases between two larger equilateral triangles a and b, and a crease connecting the smaller margin c and the larger margin c. Create a regular tetrahedron by folding it into a chevron and pasting the surface of the glue c onto the back of the glue a. Next, glue the remaining two backs of regular triangles to the front and back surfaces of a and b to create a puzzle piece.

[0168] If the pattern 100 is used, the user cuts along the cut line, folds along the crease, and pastes the paste a to c to form a substantially tetrahedral shape 4 n (n is any natural number) puzzle pieces 1P-4P can be created. The user can then attach / detach these puzzle pieces 1P to 4P (such as cellophane tape or a stick that can be inserted into the apex of two puzzle pieces to be joined (for example, hard and wire like a piano wire stick). ), Etc.), the 3D puzzle can be enjoyed in the same manner as the 3D puzzle having the above configuration. In addition, when using a stick as a means by which the puzzle pieces can be attached and detached, it is only necessary to cut each vertex of the puzzle pieces 1P to 4P with a small pair of scissors and make a hole as far as the stick passes.

[0169] In the above three-dimensional puzzle, when you connect which vertex and which vertex of the puzzle pieces, the image is connected You can enjoy it by thinking if you can make a first-order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron. In other words, the above-mentioned three-dimensional puzzle is a three-dimensional jigsaw puzzle that searches for vertices corresponding to image connection methods.

[0170] The three-dimensional puzzle can be solved by the following method, for example. Here, how to solve a three-dimensional puzzle using puzzle pieces 1P to 4P created from the pattern 100 shown in FIG. 50 will be described. However, a three-dimensional puzzle according to another embodiment described above can be solved in a similar manner. it can.

[0171] (1) First, align the orientation of the puzzle pieces (tetrahedron) 1P to 4P. Puzzle pieces (regular tetrahedrons) 1P to 4P have two images (pictures, photos, etc.) PA and PB formed on two sides. One image PB is a horizontally long diamond, and one image PA is vertically long. The horizontally long image P B is called “front image”, and the vertically long image PA is called “back image”. The top vertices of the front image PB and the back image PA should be the same. Therefore, consider the top of the front image fragments PB1 to PB4 and the back image fragments PA1 to PA4 formed on each nozzle piece 1P to 4P, and the puzzle pieces 1P so that the vertex considered to be above is on the top. Put ~ 4P (tetrahedron). At this time, the bottom of the puzzle pieces 1P-4P should be the back picture. Next, change the orientation of the regular tetrahedron so that the two faces on which half of the image pieces PB1 to PB4 are formed are in front of each puzzle piece 1P to 4P. If all four puzzle pieces 1P to 4P are oriented in this direction, all the front image fragments PB1 to PB4 should be visible when viewed from the front lick.

[0172] (2) The four table image fragments PB1, PB2, PB3, and PB4 are respectively the upper, right, lower, and left of one table image PB, as shown in FIG. 2 (b). Hit the part. Therefore, the contents of the table image fragment indicate whether the table image fragment formed on each puzzle piece corresponds to the upper part (PB1), right part (PB2), lower part (PB3), or left part (PB4). Judging from Then, four puzzle pieces 1P to 4P are arranged as shown in FIG. At this time, the top of the puzzle piece 3P in which the lower part (PB3) of the front image PB is formed and the top of the puzzle piece 1P in which the upper part (P B1) of the front image PB is formed overlap with each other. When viewed from above (from the direction of the arrows in the figure), the table image fragments of the four puzzle pieces 1P to 4P should be connected and visible in the table image PB force S (in the shape of a square with the top and bottom vertices). In this state, connect 3 puzzle pieces 2P-4P. [0173] (3) In this state, lift the puzzle piece IP (regular tetrahedron) on which the upper part (PB1) of the table image PB is formed, and place it on the top of the puzzle pieces 2P to 4P (regular tetrahedron). Connect the vertices to the lower three vertices of puzzle piece 1P (regular tetrahedron). This creates a solid (finished product) that has the shape of a first-order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron and allows you to see two images PA and PB.

[0174] When solving a 3D puzzle that forms a quadratic approximate Shellpinsky tetrahedron from 16 puzzle pieces in which the first image PA piece and the second image PB piece are formed, 16 pieces The puzzle pieces are arranged as shown in Figure 52, and when viewed at an oblique angle from the front, as in the case of four pieces, the front picture of each piece is connected to form one picture. In FIG. 52, the reference numeral given to each puzzle piece is the reference numeral of the image fragment in FIG. 4 (b) corresponding to the second image PB formed on the puzzle piece. If it is difficult to understand how the front image PB is connected, the back image P A can also be used. Once arranged as shown in Figure 52, the first approximate shells in the four puzzle pieces 11-14, four puzzle pieces 21-24, four puzzle pieces 31-34, and four puzzle pieces 41-44 in Figure 52, respectively. Create a Pinsky tetrahedron and obtain a total of four first-order shell Pinsky tetrahedrons. If these four first-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedrons are joined in the same way as when the first order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron was created, it has the shape of a second order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron, and two images PA and A standing body (completed product) with PB visible is completed.

[0175] If we repeat the same, n is 3 or more 4 ⁿ puzzle piece forces nth order approximate shell pin skis Three-dimensional puzzles that form a tetrahedron, for example, third order approximate shell pin ski four sides from 64 puzzle pieces You can also solve 3D puzzles that form your body.

[Embodiment 6]

Still another embodiment of the three-dimensional puzzle of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

[0177] The three-dimensional puzzle according to the present embodiment has an n-th order approximation such that when correctly combined, a finished product having the shape of a frame (a set of all sides) of an approximately n-th order shellpin ski tetrahedron is obtained. Four puzzle pieces (vertex puzzle pieces) 102 · 103 (see Fig. 20 to Fig. 24) corresponding to each vertex of the Sherpinski tetrahedron and the regular tetrahedrons that make up the nth-order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron 2 ( ^{2n + 1)} — 2 (n is an arbitrary natural number) puzzle pieces ( Puzzle pieces) 101 (see FIGS. 16 to 19).

[0178] The puzzle piece 101 will be described with reference to Figs. FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing the structure of the puzzle piece 101. FIG. 17 is a top view showing the puzzle piece 101 as viewed from above as shown in FIG. 16. FIG. 18 shows the puzzle piece 101. FIG. 19 is a side view showing a state in which the rightward force shown in FIG. 17 is also seen, and FIG. 19 is a front view showing a state in which the puzzle piece 101 is also seen in the forward force shown in FIG.

[0179] 2 ( ^{2n + 1)} — The two puzzle pieces 101 all have the same shape. As shown in FIGS. 16 to 19, each of the puzzle pieces (joint puzzle pieces) 101 has a base point 101a and three rims (first 1) provided so as to extend radially from the base point 101a in different directions. Rim) 101b to 101d and three rims (second rim) 101e to 101g.

[0180] Each of the first rims (rims 101b to 101d) is provided so as to form an angle of 60 degrees with respect to the extending direction of the other two first rims. That is, the angle between rim 101b and rim 101c, the angle between rim 101c and rim 101d, and the angle between rim 101d and rim 101b are all 60 degrees. Similarly, each of these second rims (rims 101e to 101g) is provided so as to form an angle of 60 degrees with respect to the extending direction of the other two second rims. That is, the angle between the rim 101e and the rim 101f, the angle between the rim 101f and the rim 101g, and the angle between the rim 101g and the rim 101e are all 60 degrees.

[0181] The rims 101b to 101g have a triangular prism shape with an isosceles triangle as a bottom surface, and the angle between the side surfaces is equal to the angle between two surfaces of a regular tetrahedron, that is, t an ^_1 (2 2) radians (about 70 degrees), the other two are equal to each other and are at an angle (about 55 degrees). Note that the rim 101b: LOlg is not a perfect triangular prism because a through-hole (or recess) is formed at the tip or a projection is formed at the tip, as will be described later. However, in FIGS. 16 to 19, in order to simplify the drawing, a rim 10 lb to LOLO is drawn as a complete triangular prism, and through holes (or recesses) and protrusions are formed in the rims 101 b to 101 g. The shape of the connected portion is not shown in FIGS. 16 to 19, but is shown only in other FIGS. 25 to 30. However, in FIG. 17, in order to distinguish between a rim having a through hole (or recess) and a rim having a protrusion, the symbol “ “B” is attached, and the symbol “A” is attached to the tip of the rim on which the convex portion is formed. [0182] As indicated by the symbols in FIG. 17, among the six rims 101b to 101g of the puzzle piece 101, three tips are formed with recesses or through holes (hereinafter referred to as “concave connection points” as appropriate) At the remaining three tips, convex portions (hereinafter referred to as “convex connection points” where appropriate) that can be freely inserted into and removed from the concave connection points are formed. More specifically, of the three rims 101b to 101d (first rim), a concave connection point is formed at the tip of one rim 101b, and a convex connection point is formed at the tip of the remaining two rims lOlc 'lOld. Is formed. Of the three second rims, two rims lOlf '10 lg have a concave connection point at the tip, and a remaining rim 101e has a convex connection point.

[0183] As shown in FIG. 17, one rim 101c of the first rim and one rim 101f of the second rim are aligned on the same straight line, and are arranged at the tip of one rim 101c. A convex connection point is formed, and a concave connection point is formed at the tip of the other rim 101f. In addition, the two rims 101b′lOld excluding the rim 101c in the first rim have a concave connection point formed at the tip of one rim 101b and a convex connection point formed at the tip of the other rim lOld. ing. Furthermore, the rim 101b and the rim 101g that form an angle of 180 degrees on the projected image of FIG. 17 pass through the center of the puzzle piece 101 and are perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 17 (the rim 101b 'lOld' 101e ' If one is rotated 180 degrees around an axis that is perpendicular to the surface that can be formed, it will be completely overlapped with the other! Accordingly, a concave connection point is formed at the tip of the rim 101g as well as at the tip of the rim 101b. In addition, the rim lOld and the rim 101e that form an angle of 180 degrees on the projected image of FIG. 17 are rotated by 180 degrees about an axis that passes through the center of the puzzle piece 101 and is perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. It is formed so as to completely overlap the other. Accordingly, a convex connection point is formed at the tip of the rim 101e as well as the tip of the rim lOld.

[0184] Next, the four puzzle pieces (vertex puzzle pieces) 102 · 103 will be described below with reference to Figs. FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing the structure of the nozzle piece 102, and FIG. 24 is a perspective view showing the structure of the nozzle piece 103. Figure 21 shows the puzzle piece 102 (or 103) from the top shown in Figure 20 (or Figure 24) (however, about 31 degrees (tan — ¹ (6/4) radians) diagonally upward) FIG. 22 is a top view showing the appearance, FIG. 22 is a side view showing the puzzle piece 102 (or 1 03) seen from the right direction shown in FIG. 20 (or FIG. 24), and FIG. Figure 102 (or 103) is seen from the front as shown in Figure 20 (or Figure 24). FIG.

[0185] The four puzzle pieces 102 and 103 are the two puzzle pieces (first vertex puzzle piece) 102 shown in FIGS. 20 to 23 and the puzzle pieces (second vertex puzzle) shown in FIGS. 21 to 24. One piece) It becomes power with 2 of 103. The four nose pieces 102 · 103 all have three rims.

As shown in FIG. 20 to FIG. 23, the puzzle piece 102 has a vertex portion (first vertex portion) 102a and three rims (third portion) that extend radially from the vertex portion 102a in directions different from each other by 60 degrees. Rim) 10 2b ~ 102d Similarly, as shown in FIG. 21 to FIG. 24, the nozzle piece 103 has three rims radially extending from the apex portion (second apex portion) 103a and the apex portion 103a directed in directions different from each other by 60 degrees. (4th rim) 103b ~ 103d.

In FIGS. 20 to 24, the rims 102b to 102d and 103b to 103d are drawn as complete triangular prisms to simplify the drawings, and the concave connection points in the rims 102b to 102d and 103b to 103d The shape of the convex connection point is not shown in FIGS. 20 to 24, but is shown only in other FIGS. 20 and 24, as in FIG. 17, the symbol “B” is attached to the tip of the rim where the concave connection point is formed, and the symbol “A” is attached to the tip of the rim where the convex connection point is formed. Is attached.

[0188] Of the three rims 102b to 102d of the nozzle piece 102, a concave connection point is formed at the tip of one rim 102b, and the remaining two rims 102c and 102d A convex connection point is formed at the tip. Of the three rims 103b to 103d of the puzzle piece 103, the two rims 103b and 103c have a concave connection point at the tip, and the remaining rim 103d has a convex connection point. .

Hereinafter, as appropriate, the puzzle piece 102 having more convex connection points is referred to as a “convex puzzle piece”, and the puzzle piece 103 having more concave connection points is referred to as a “concave nozzle piece”.

[0190] The rims 102b to 102d * 103b to 103d have a shape of a triangular prism having an isosceles triangle as a bottom surface, and an angle between the side surfaces is an angle between two surfaces of a regular tetrahedron. An equal angle, ie tan ^_1 (2 2) radians (approximately 70 degrees), and the other two are equal to each other (approximately 55 degrees).

[0191] In the three-dimensional puzzle of this example, the lengths of the rims 101b to 101g of the nozzle piece 101, the rims 102b to 102d of the puzzle piece 102, and the rims 103b to 103d of the puzzle piece 103 are all equal. Next, the concave connection points and the convex connection points provided at the tips of the gyms 101b to 101g, the gyms 102b to 102d, and the gyms 103b to 103d will be described with reference to FIGS. 25 to 30.

[0193] Since the rim formed with the concave connection point has the same shape at the tip, the rim 101b and the rim lOld will be described as an example here. Here, an example will be described in which the concave connection point is a through hole, the convex connection point is a convex portion, and the direction of the through hole (and the convex portion) is a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the rim extends. However, the concave connection point may be a concave portion. Further, the direction of the through hole and the recess is not limited to the illustrated direction.

[0194] The concave portion and the convex portion may be shaped so that the two rims are fixed in a straight line by being joined to each other. The following is an example.

FIG. 25 is a front view showing the structure of the distal end portion of the rim 101b in which the concave connection point is formed, and FIG. 26 shows a state where the distal end portion of the rim 101b is viewed from the right direction shown in FIG. 27 is a side view, and FIG. 27 is a bottom view showing a state in which the front end portion of the rim 101b is viewed from the downward direction shown in FIG.

[0196] As shown in Figs. 25 to 27, the tip of the rim 101b is parallel to the widest side surface (the lower surface in Fig. 27) with respect to a triangular prism with an isosceles triangle as the bottom surface. Along the cross-section, cut off the upper side (side between two sides forming an angle of about 70 degrees) at the tip, and along the direction perpendicular to the side with the largest area at the cut-off part Through holes 104 are formed.

[0197] FIG. 28 is a front view showing the structure of the tip of the rim lOld formed with a convex connection point, and FIG. 29 shows a state where the tip of the rim lOld is viewed from the right direction shown in FIG. FIG. 30 is a bottom view showing a state in which the front end portion of the rim lOld is viewed from the downward direction shown in FIG.

[0198] Further, at the tip of the rim lOld, as shown in FIGS. 28 to 30, the smaller isosceles triangle is similar to the triangular prism with respect to the top surface of the triangular prism whose bottom surface is an isosceles triangle. A short triangular prism with a base of 2 and its two sides forming the angle of about 70 degrees (the upper two faces in Fig. 27) are connected to the two sides forming the angle of about 70 degrees in the original triangular prism 1 It is provided so as to form two planes and has the largest area for the provided short triangular prism. A convex portion 105 is formed along a direction perpendicular to the side surface. The short triangular prism has almost the same shape and size as the cut-off portion at the tip of the rim 101b, and the convex portion 105 has almost the same shape and size as the through hole 104. Therefore, the convex portion 105 can be fitted into the through hole 104. When the through-hole 104 of the rim lOld is connected to the convex portion 105 of the rim 101b, the three sides along the longitudinal direction of the rim lOld are aligned with the three sides along the longitudinal direction of the rim 101b. In addition, each of the three side surfaces of the rim lOld is connected to the corresponding side surface of the rim 101b to form one plane.

[0199] Next, a method of solving the three-dimensional puzzle according to the present embodiment, that is, 2 ( ^{2n + 1)-two} puzzle pieces 101 and four puzzle pieces 102 103 are correctly combined, and approximately n Describes how to obtain a finished product with the shape of the next approximate Shelbinsky key tetrahedron frame (a set of all sides).

[0200] As a first example, six pieces of puzzle 101 and four pieces of puzzle 102 · 103 are correctly combined to form a frame (a set of all sides) of an approximately first-order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron. A method for obtaining a finished product having a shape will be described. In the following description, of the six limbs 101b to 101g in the puzzle piece 101, two rims 101c and 101f aligned on the same straight line are “hand-shaped rims”, and the remaining four rims 101 are “foot-shaped rims”. I will call it.

[0201] First, the six nozzle pieces 101 are connected to each other by connecting the concave connection point and the convex connection point of each foot-shaped rim to form one body. When the six puzzle pieces 101 are joined together in this way, all 24 foot rim connection points (concave connection points or convex connection points) are always connected, and the frame of the Shellpinski tetrahedron. A solid shape is created by removing the vicinity of the four vertices. Three hand-shaped rims will gather at each of the parts corresponding to the four vertices in this solid. The type of connection point of the three hand rims is represented by the three symbols “concave” or “convex” (if the type of connection points of the three hand rims are all concave connection points, “concave / concave” The combination of the types of connection points of the three hand-shaped rims in the part corresponding to the four vertices is {concave / convex / convex / concave / concave / concave / convex}, {concave / concave / concave / convex, Convex Convex, Concave Convex}, {Convex Convex Convex, Concave Concavity, Concave Concavity, Concave Concavity, Concavity Concave}, {Concave Concavity, Concave Concavity, Concave Concavity, Convex Convex}. A solid with a combination of {concave / concave / convex / concave / concave / concave / concave / convex} solid of S, {concave / concave Convex Convex, Convex Convex, Concave Convex} and {Convex Convex Convex Concave Concavity Concave Concavity Convex Convex Convex Convex Convex Convex Convex Convex Convex Convex Convex Convex Convex Convex Convex Convex Convex Convex Convex Convex Convex Convex Conve We call a solid with shape u solid.

[0202] For a solid of shape U, puzzle pieces 102 and 103 can be fitted to the portions corresponding to the four vertices. That is, by connecting the concave connection point and the convex connection point, the rims of the four puzzle pieces 102 and 103 can be connected to the three hand rims gathered at the portions corresponding to the four apexes. From this, a first-order approximate shellpinski tetrahedron frame is created.

[0203] On the other hand, in the solid of the shape S and the solid of the shape T, the puzzle pieces 102 and 103 cannot be fitted to the portions corresponding to all the vertices. That is, as a combined form of the six puzzle pieces 101, the shape S and the shape T are not combinations that lead to the correct answer (the frame of the Shellpinsky tetrahedron).

[0204] However, the solid of the shape S and the solid of the shape T can guide the correct answer (shellpinski tetrahedron frame) by changing the partial connection.

[0205] Since the convex connection point is detachable with respect to the concave connection point, any one of the six puzzle pieces 101 constituting this solid in any of these three types of solids. One of the can be removed without changing the remaining five connections. Further, when the puzzle piece 101 is rotated 180 degrees around the axis perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 17, the rim 101b and the rim 101g, the rim 101c and the rim 101f, and the rim 101d and the rim 101e are exchanged. At this time, each of the rim 101b, the rim 101g, the rim 101d, and the rim 101e is configured to completely overlap the other when one of them is rotated 180 degrees around an axis perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. Therefore, when the puzzle piece 101 is rotated 180 degrees about an axis perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 17, the shape of the four foot rims 101b '101d' 101e '101g does not substantially change, and the two hand rims 101c · 10Π are only swapped with each other. Therefore, the puzzle piece 101 removed from the three-dimensional object can be reconnected by rotating 180 degrees about the axis perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 17 (inverting the top and bottom in FIG. 17). By changing the connection in this way, the hand rim 101c having the convex connection point formed at the tip and the hand rim 101f having the concave connection point formed at the tip are exchanged. [0206] Therefore, in the case of a solid of shape S, the connection point of the three hand-shaped rims gathered at the apex is “concave and concave” and the three hand-shaped rims gathered at the apex The puzzle piece 101 that connects the apex that is the connecting point force S “convex and convex” can be transformed into a three-dimensional shape U by removing and reconnecting the puzzle piece 101 upside down by the method described above.

[0207] Also, in the case of a solid of shape T, any one of the three puzzle pieces 101b that connects the vertex where the connection point of the three hand-shaped rims gathered at the vertex is "concave and concave" and the other vertex. It can be transformed into a solid U shape by removing it and reconnecting it upside down by the method described above.

[0208] Then, for the solid of shape S and the solid of shape U deformed from the solid of shape T, as described above, the puzzle pieces 102 · 103 are fitted to the portions corresponding to the four vertices. Can create a frame of first order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron. The structure of the frame of the first order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron is shown in the perspective view of FIG. Also in FIG. 31, the symbol “B” is attached to the tip of the rim on which the concave connection point is formed, and the symbol “A” is attached to the tip of the rim on which the convex connection point is formed.

[0209] Thus, the three-dimensional puzzle according to the present embodiment repeats trial and error such as reconnection from the six coupled puzzle pieces 101, the two convex puzzle pieces 102, and the two concave puzzle pieces 103. While creating a first-order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron frame is a puzzle. The three-dimensional puzzle according to the present embodiment is such that it can be naturally completed as the player repeats trial and error, and is just the right degree of difficulty for many to enjoy.

[0210] Next, consider the procedure for creating a frame of an nth-order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron with n≥2.

[0211] Consider a U-shaped solid. The rim 101c'lOlf corresponding to each of the six sides of the solid of shape U, that is, each side of the first-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron, has a convex connection point at one end and a concave connection point at the other end. Is formed. Here, four virtual equilateral triangle faces corresponding to each face of the first-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron are considered, and convex connection points are formed on the three sides of each face. An indented connection point is formed and an arrow is attached to the other end. Then, out of these four faces, the surrounding 3 side arrows will always go around on 2 sides (one arrow at each vertex will be effective), and the other 2 sides will have 3 surrounding arrows. 1 lap Do not (two arrows go to one vertex). Bring a common side to the front on the two sides around which the three surrounding arrows circle. Then, the common side arrows are arranged from top to bottom. Then, the direction of the arrow on the back side (the side facing the common side across the center of the shape U solid) that forms an angle of 90 degrees with the common side is left on the solid of shape U There are two types, one with force directed to the right and one with the above arrow pointing to the right force. The former shape U is called the right-handed shape U, and the latter shape U is called the left-handed shape U. When a solid of shape U is placed in this state, the left vertex (the left end of the back side) is called the left vertex, and the right vertex (the right end of the back side) is called the right vertex. Also, in the solid of shape U, the three hand-shaped rims around the vertices are `` concave irregularities '', the vertices are concave vertices, and the three hand-shaped rims around the vertices are `` concave convex '' as the convex vertices I will call it.

[0212] The left-handed U shape and the right-handed U shape are reversed in the direction of the combined puzzle piece 101 that constitutes one of the three sides other than the front side connecting the concave and convex vertices. It is possible to easily convert them to each other by removing (joining puzzle piece 101, rotating 180 degrees in the direction perpendicular to the page of FIG. 17 and reconnecting).

[0213] To create a frame of an nth-order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron with n≥2, first, the method of creating a solid of the shape U described above, the method of mutual conversion between the left-handed system and the right-handed system, and 1 Using the method of creating a frame of a second-order shellpinski tetrahedron, two left-handed U-shaped bodies and two right-handed U-shaped solids, and a first-order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedral frame V Create one (can be right-handed or left-handed). Disassemble the frame of four tetrahedrons formed around the four vertices of frame V. That is, 10 pieces of puzzle 101, 102, 103 are disassembled into pieces. Then, insert the shape U solid between all of the four vertices puzzle pieces 102 • 103 rims (total of 12 pieces) and the hand-shaped rims (joined puzzle pieces 101) connected to it. Connect one end of each side of the solid (joint puzzle piece 101 corresponding to each side of the first-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron) to the rim of the vertex puzzle piece 102 103, and connect the other end to the hand shaped rim of the join puzzle piece 101 Connect to. At this time, the angle between the puzzle pieces should be maintained. In this way, a frame of a quadratic approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron is created. At that time, if you look at the shape of the four vertex puzzle pieces 102 · 103 around the vertices in frame V, the vertex puzzle pieces and the combined puzzle pieces In the meantime, whether to insert a right-handed U-shaped solid or a left-handed U-shaped solid, and which vertex of the U-shaped solid should join to the vertex puzzle piece It should be determined uniquely whether the hand-shaped rim that surrounds the top of the rim should be joined). More specifically, if the vertex puzzle piece of frame V is a convex puzzle piece 102, a left-handed U-shaped solid is inserted between the convex puzzle piece 102 and the combined puzzle piece, and the left hand The shape of the system It should be sufficient to join the left vertex of the solid U to the convex puzzle piece 102. If the vertex puzzle piece at the vertex of frame V is a concave puzzle piece 103, a right-handed U-shaped solid is inserted between the concave puzzle piece 103 and the coupled puzzle piece, and the right-handed shape is inserted. It should be sufficient to join the left vertices of U's body.

[0214] Completed quadratic approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron frame may be right-handed or left-handed depending on the type of frame V used (right-handed or left-handed) . In any case, from the above consideration, the way in which the puzzle pieces creating the frame are connected should be uniquely determined. This means that there are only two correct answers for a three-dimensional puzzle with a frame shape of a quadratic approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron. However, this does not mean that the difficulty level of this 3D puzzle is high. If you try to join a vertex puzzle piece 102 or 103 to any vertex of a solid of shape U, but join to a vertex other than the left vertex of a solid of shape U, join the puzzle piece 101 to the remaining three vertices, 2 It is easy to see that the frame of the next approximate Shelbinsky key tetrahedron can be created and cannot be joined in the direction. Therefore, it is possible to determine the force with which the vertex puzzle piece 102 or 103 should be joined to which vertex of the solid of each shape U. Combining the two types of 4 pieces (left-handed shape U solid and right-handed shape U solid) and the first-order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron frame together with the second-order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron. There are only two ways to make the body, right hand and left hand.

[0215] In addition, a solid of shape U can be transformed from a right-handed system to a left-handed system or a left-handed system force can be transformed into a right-handed system simply by changing the direction of one of the three coupled puzzle pieces 101. Therefore, `` At first, create four U solids without considering whether they are right-handed or left-handed, and try to join them with the combined puzzle piece 101. If you repeat the trial and error of `` reversing the direction of the combined puzzle piece 101 that makes up the U solid '' many times, You should get to the finished shape without much mathematical thinking.

[0216] Note that the third-order or higher approximation shellpinski tetrahedron can be created in the same manner.

[0217] With respect to the frame of the nth-order approximate Sherbinsky tetrahedron obtained by correctly combining the three-dimensional puzzle according to this embodiment, it was described in the section [Method for creating a solid with two images formed]. In the same way as above, if a sheet on which an image such as a picture or photo is formed is pasted, a three-dimensional display in which different images can be seen from two directions can be created.

That is, the three-dimensional display according to the present embodiment has an n-order approximate shell pin for a structure having a frame shape of an approximately n-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron obtained by correctly combining three-dimensional puzzles. Each nozzle piece is covered with a sheet so as to form 4 ⁿ regular tetrahedron faces constituting the ski tetrahedron, and the two opposite sides of the structure are defined as the first side and the second side. Then, when the structure is viewed in the direction toward the midpoint of the second side from the midpoint of the first side, the first square image appears in each regular tetrahedron. A fragment of the first image is formed on the sheet of two surfaces that sandwich a side that is part of one side or parallel to the first side, and the structure is moved from the midpoint of the second side to the first side. Each image is so that a second image that is almost square appears when looking in the direction toward the midpoint of the side. In the regular tetrahedron, a fragment of the second image is formed on a sheet of two surfaces sandwiching a side that is a part of the second side or parallel to the second side.

[0219] The method of pasting the sheet on which the image is formed may be the method described in the section [Method for creating a solid on which two images are formed], but the following method is used because the operation becomes simple. Is preferred.

[0220] For a structure having an almost nth-order approximate shellpinski monotetrahedron frame obtained by correctly combining the above-described three-dimensional puzzle, [Method for creating a solid with two images] In the same manner as described above, if two sheets (for example, sheets PA and PB) on which images are formed are pasted, a three-dimensional (three-dimensional display) on which two images are formed can be created.

That is, the 3D display according to the present embodiment constitutes an nth-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron for a structure obtained by correctly combining the 3D puzzle. Each puzzle piece is covered with a sheet so as to form each surface of ⁿ regular tetrahedrons, and the two opposite sides of the structure are defined as the first side and the second side. The midpoint force of the first side is a part of the first side of each regular tetrahedron so that the first image of a square appears when looking in the direction toward the midpoint of the second side. Or a piece of the first image is formed on a sheet of two faces that sandwich the side that is parallel to the first side, and the structure is directed from the midpoint of the second side to the midpoint of the first side. A sheet of two faces sandwiching a side that is part of the second side or parallel to the second side in each regular tetrahedron so that a second image that is almost square appears when viewed in the direction. In this configuration, a fragment of the second image is formed.

[0222] As a method of attaching the two sheets PA and PB on which the image is formed, the method described in the section [Method for creating a solid with two images formed] may be used! / Use the method

[0223] That is, first, in the same way as described in the section [Method for creating a solid with two images formed], an image such as a square photograph is stretched three times in the diagonal direction. Print rhombus images PA and PB on the sheet with margins. At this time, seal paper is used as the sheet. In addition, on the sticker paper, a rhombus image fragment corresponding to the 4 ⁿ regular tetrahedrons constituting the nth-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron (for example, a rhombus image corresponding to the sheet PA1 in FIG. 2 (a)). Make a notch (groove) along the periphery of the area where the mark is printed so that the area can be separated by applying a little force.

[0224] Then, a 3D display is created using the sheet paper on which the image is formed. First, the sticker paper on which the image is formed is pasted on two sides of the frame of the nth order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron. As a result, a part of the sheet paper (for example, the upper half 1 ³ 8 11 of sheet 1 ³ 8 1 in FIG. 2 (&); the portion corresponding to the lower half PA3D of sheet ΡΑ 2 · ΡΑ 4 and sheet ΡΑ ³ ) is Next approximation Can be attached to the frame of a Sherpinski tetrahedron. On the other hand, the part of the sheet paper that cannot be attached to the frame of the η-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron (for example, the part corresponding to the lower half PAID of sheet PA1 and the upper half PA3U of sheet ΡΑ3 in Fig. 2 (a)) ) Covers the openings of equilateral triangles on the two sides of the frame of the nth-order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron. Next, the cut portion of the sheet paper is actually cut, the portion of the sheet paper covering the opening of the equilateral triangle is folded back, and the nth order approximate shell pin skid Affix to the inner surface of the tetrahedron frame. Thus, for example, an image printed sheet such as a photograph (sheet paper on which a photograph is formed) is pasted on four regular tetrahedron frames constituting the frame of the first order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron shown in FIG. Become. By repeating the same process for each tetrahedron frame, it is possible to attach an image-printed sheet such as a photograph (sheet paper on which a photograph is formed) to the nth-order approximate Sherbinsky tetrahedron frame. .

[0225] As described above, a solid that can be used for a stereoscopic display can be created. In addition, by sticking an image-printed sheet, the strength of the joint portion of the contact increases, and a three-dimensional object can be easily created.

[0226] Note that the above method is also applicable to the other embodiments described above. In the stereoscopic display according to the present embodiment, a sheet on which no image is formed may be used instead of the sheet on which an image is formed. In this case, not only the frame but also the complete n-th order shellpinski tetrahedron structure can be obtained at low cost.

[Embodiment 7]

[0228] In the three-dimensional puzzle according to the present embodiment, each rim in the sixth embodiment has a regular tetrahedron shape. The finished product is an n + 1 first-order approximation shellpinsky tetrahedron.

That is, the three-dimensional puzzle according to the present embodiment has an n + 1 first order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron that, when correctly combined, can obtain a finished product having the shape of an approximately n + 1 first order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron. Four vertex puzzle pieces 112 · 113 (see Fig. 33 and Fig. 34) with a nearly tetrahedral shape corresponding to the regular tetrahedron containing each vertex of the body, and a first-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron A solid puzzle containing 2 ^{(2n + 1)-2} (n is an arbitrary natural number) connected puzzle pieces (see Fig. 32) 111 corresponding to the connected parts of each group of four regular tetrahedrons It is.

[0230] As shown in FIG. 32, the coupled puzzle piece 111 includes a first piece 114 and a second piece 115 having a substantially tetrahedral shape, and the first side 114a and the second piece 115 of the first piece 114. The first side 115a of the first piece 115 is aligned on the same straight line, and the first side 114a of the first piece 114 is sandwiched 2 The two surfaces 114a and 114b and the two surfaces 115b and 115c sandwiching the first side 115a in the second fragment 115 are connected at the vertices 114d '115d so that they are aligned on the same plane.

[0231] Although not shown in Fig. 32, the coupled puzzle piece 111 is detachably attached to the concave connection point (for example, the through hole 104 shown in Figs. 25 to 27) and the concave connection point. Three convex connection points (for example, convex portions 105 shown in FIGS. 28 to 30) are formed in three. In FIG. 32, as in FIG. 17, the symbol “B” is attached to the vertex where the concave connection point is formed, and the symbol “A” is attached to the vertex where the convex connection point is formed.

[0232] As indicated by a symbol in FIG. 32, among the three vertices 114e to 114g in the first fragment 114 excluding the vertex 114d combined with the second fragment 115, one vertex 114e has a concave connection point. A convex connection point is formed at the remaining two vertices 114f ′ 114g. Of the three vertices 1 15e to 115g in the second fragment 115 excluding the vertex 115d connected to the first fragment 114, two vertexes 115f ′ 115g have concave connection points, and the remaining one A convex connection point is formed at the vertex 115e.

[0233] The four vertex puzzle pieces 112 · 113 include two third vertex puzzle pieces 112 shown in Fig. 33 and two fourth vertex nozzle pieces shown in Fig. 34.

Although not shown in FIGS. 33 and 34, the third vertex puzzle piece 112 and the fourth vertex puzzle piece 113 have concave connection points (for example, through holes 104 shown in FIGS. 25 to 27). , And a convex connection point (for example, a convex portion 105 shown in FIGS. 28 to 30) that is detachable with respect to the concave connection point. In FIG. 33 and FIG. 34, as in FIG. 17, the vertex “B” is attached to the vertex where the concave connection point is formed, and the symbol “A” is attached to the vertex where the convex connection point is formed. .

[0235] As indicated by a symbol in FIG. 33, two vertices 112b out of the three vertices 112b to 112d in the third vertex puzzle piece 112 excluding the vertex 112a corresponding to the vertex of the n + 1 first-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron · 112c has a concave connection point, and the remaining vertex 112d has a convex connection point.

[0236] As indicated by a symbol in FIG. 34, among the three vertices 113b to 113d in the fourth vertex puzzle piece 113, excluding the vertex 113a corresponding to the vertex of the n + 1 first-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron, A concave connection point is formed on one vertex 113b, and a convex connection point is formed on the remaining two vertices 113c and 113d.

[0237] Each puzzle piece 111 to 113 has an image-formed sheet using the method described in the section [Method for creating a solid with two images formed], the method described in Embodiment 6, or the like. If you paste, it will be a puzzle to create n + first order shellpin ski tetrahedrons, which will show two images when completed, considering how the pictures are connected.

[0238] The three-dimensional puzzle according to the present embodiment has the same effort as the creation of the n-th order approximate Selpinski tetrahedron from the three-dimensional puzzle according to the sixth embodiment. Approximate shellpinski tetrahedrons can be created. Therefore, as compared with the solid puzzle according to the sixth embodiment, there is an advantage that an approximate shellpinski tetrahedron having the same dimension (n + 1 order) can be created with less labor. However, the three-dimensional puzzle according to the present embodiment is not limited to the frame of the nth-order approximate shellpinski tetrahedron, but can also form a complete nth-order approximate Shelbinsky tetrahedron. It is better than the three-dimensional puzzle.

[0239] On the other hand, the power of the three-dimensional puzzle according to the sixth embodiment is more enjoyable than the three-dimensional puzzle according to this embodiment. In addition, the material cost of the three-dimensional puzzle according to the sixth embodiment can be reduced more than the solid puzzle according to the present embodiment. This reduction in material costs is particularly important when creating large three-dimensional displays, as described below.

[0240] Each puzzle piece in Embodiments 6 and 7 can be formed of plastic, for example. However, when the joining puzzle piece is formed of plastic, it is preferable to devise measures for maintaining the strength of the joining portion of the joining puzzle piece.

[0241] The three-dimensional puzzle according to the present embodiment, that is, 2 ^{(2n + 1)-two} coupled puzzle pieces 111 and four vertex puzzle pieces 112 · 113 are correctly coupled to each other, as shown in FIG. A finished product (structure) having the shape of an n + first-order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron is obtained. The method of correctly joining these puzzle pieces 111 to 113 is the same as in the sixth embodiment. Also in FIG. 35, the symbol “B” is attached to the tip of the rim on which the concave connection point is formed, and the symbol “A” is attached to the tip of the rim on which the convex connection point is formed.

[0242] For the structure thus obtained, [Method for creating a solid in which two images are formed] ] If the image-formed sheet is attached using the method described in the section or the method described in Embodiment 6, a stereoscopic display in which two images can be seen can be created.

[0243] In this embodiment, an image-formed sheet (for example, a sticker) is pasted on the Shellpinski tetrahedron that is not the frame of the Shellpinski tetrahedron, so that a more durable and textured 3D display can be created. .

[0244] Since the structure according to the present embodiment has the shape of a shell pin ski tetrahedron, unlike Embodiment 6, a solid having a shape of a seal pin ski tetrahedron can be obtained without attaching a sheet to the structure. A display can be created. In other words, if two types of image fragments are formed in advance on the surface of each puzzle piece, the puzzle pieces have the shape of a Sherpinski tetrahedron and can be seen by simply connecting the puzzle pieces together. A 3D display can be created.

[Embodiment 8]

In the sixth embodiment, each coupled puzzle piece is configured so that when the solid puzzle is completed, the nth-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron is created instead of the n-th order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron frame. In the first piece, the second piece, and each vertex puzzle piece, the angles of the four vertices are 60 degrees, 90 degrees, 120 degrees, and 90 degrees between the three limbs that each has. It is also possible to use a puzzle piece having a shape that follows the surface of the mold. In this case, when the nozzle is completed, a finished product of an nth-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron is obtained.

That is, the three-dimensional puzzle according to the present embodiment is different from the three-dimensional puzzle of the sixth embodiment in that the three limbs (first rims) 101b to 101d that constitute each of the combined puzzle pieces 101, and the combined puzzle piece 101 Three limbs (second rim) 101e ~: L01g, each vertex puzzle piece (first apex puzzle piece) 102 Three rims (third rim) 102b-102d, and vertex puzzle piece (first) 2 vertex puzzle pieces) Each of the three rims (fourth rim) 103b to 103d constituting the 103 between the rims forming 60 degrees (ie, between the rims lOlb 'lOlc, between the rims 101c and 101d, between the rims 101b. During l01d, between rim lOle '101f, between rims 101f · 101g, between rims 101e and 101g, between gyms 102b and 102c, between gyms 102c and 102d, between gyms 102b and 102d, gym 103b-103c, Jim 103c-103d, and Jim 103b-103d). Each quadrilateral surface rim is 90 degrees, 120 degrees, 90 degrees Formed to form the two sides of the face, and when properly combined, a finished product with an approximate nth order shellpinski tetrahedron shape is obtained.

[0247] An example of the three-dimensional puzzle according to the above modification will be described below with reference to Figs.

[0248] The three-dimensional puzzle according to the present embodiment uses each vertex of the nth-order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron so that when it is correctly combined, a finished product having an approximately nth-order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron shape is obtained. Joining four vertex puzzle pieces 122 · 123 (see Fig. 37 and Fig. 38) corresponding to the regular tetrahedron and four groups of four regular tetrahedrons constituting the first approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron 2 ^{(2n + 1)} 2 (n is an arbitrary natural number) coupled nozzle pieces 121 (see FIG. 36) corresponding to the portion.

[0249] The combined puzzle piece 121 has three quadrilateral surfaces 124b · 124c · 124d that form an angle of approximately tan— ¹ (2 2) radians (approximately 70 degrees) with respect to each other, as shown in FIG. The third piece 124 and the third piece 125 with three quadrilateral faces 125b • 125c, 125d, which form an angle of approximately tan— 1 (2 2) radians (approximately 70 degrees) with respect to each other. The side 124a between the surface 124b and the surface 124c in the fragment 124 and the side 125a between the surface 125b and the surface 125c in the fourth fragment 125 are aligned on the same straight line, and the surface in the third fragment 124 124b ′ 1 24c and the surface 125b ′ 125c of the fourth fragment 125 are joined so as to be aligned on the same plane.

[0250] The quadrilateral faces 124b '124c' 124d share one vertex. The quadrilateral faces 125b '125c' 125d also share one vertex. The third fragment 124 and the fourth fragment 125 are shared by the faces 124b · 124c · 124d, and the vertex (hereinafter referred to as a shared vertex) and the vertex shared by the faces 125b · 125c ' , Referred to as a shared vertex). The quadrilateral faces 124b, 124 124d, 125b, 125 125d have the same shape, the angles of the four vertices, and the common vertex force is also clockwise (or counterclockwise) in order of 60 degrees, 90 degrees, 120 degrees, 90 degrees.

[0251] Although not shown in Fig. 36, in connection puzzle piece 121, concave connection points (for example, through holes 104 shown in Figs. 25 to 27) are formed at three apexes as the first connection portion. A convex connection point as a second connection part that can be freely inserted into and removed from the concave connection point (for example, in FIGS. 28 to 30) The convex part 105) shown is formed at the other three vertices. In FIG. 36, as in FIG. 17, the vertex “B” is attached to the vertex where the concave connection point is formed, and the symbol “A” is attached to the vertex where the convex connection point is formed.

[0252] As indicated by symbols in FIG. 36, a concave connection point is formed at one end and a convex connection point is formed at the other end of both ends of the combined sides 124a '125a. Of the two vertices of 90 degrees on the surface 124d, one has a concave connection point and the other has a convex connection point. Similarly, a concave connection point is formed on one of two vertices of 90 degrees on the surface 125d, and a convex connection point is formed on the other.

[0253] The four vertex puzzle pieces 122 are powered by two fifth vertex puzzle pieces 122 and two sixth vertex nose pieces 123 shown in FIG.

[0254] As shown in FIG. 37, the fifth vertex puzzle piece 122 has three faces 122b ′ 122c ′ 122d that form an angle of approximately tan— ¹ (2 2) radians (about 70 degrees) with respect to each other. Similarly, as shown in FIG. 38, the sixth vertex puzzle piece 123 has three faces 123b, 123c, and 123d that form an angle of approximately tan- ¹ (2 2) radians (about 70 degrees) with respect to each other.

[0255] The quadrilateral faces 122b.122c.122d share one vertex. The quadrilateral surfaces 123b'123c'123d also share one vertex (hereinafter referred to as a shared vertex). The quadrilateral faces 122b-122c-122d- 123b, 123c, and 123d have the same shape, and the angular force of the four vertices. The common vertex force is also 60 degrees, 90 degrees, 120 degrees in the clockwise direction (or counterclockwise). 90 degrees.

[0256] Although not shown in FIGS. 37 and 38, the vertex puzzle pieces 122 and 123 have concave connection points (for example, through holes 104 shown in FIGS. 25 to 27) at three vertices, respectively. , And a convex connection point (for example, a convex portion 105 shown in FIGS. 28 to 30) that is detachable with respect to the concave connection point. In FIG. 37 and FIG. 38, the symbol “B” is added to the vertex where the concave connection point is formed, and the symbol “A” is added to the vertex where the convex connection point is formed, as in FIG. .

[0257] Fig. 37 [As shown by this symbol, this is the fifth top nose piece 122, and the surface 122b, 122c, 122d [This is a 90-degree apex (three in total)] Has a convex connection point and the remaining one has a concave connection point.

[0258] Fig. 38 [As shown by this symbol, this is the sixth top nose piece 123, and the surfaces 123b, 123c, 123d Of the 90 degree vertices (three in total), one has a convex connection point and the other two have concave connection points.

[0259] It should be noted that in the puzzle pieces 121 to 123 described above, a concave connection point and a convex connection point were formed at the apexes thereof. However, the puzzle pieces 121-123 are in contact with each other, not the vertices, in the finished product. Therefore, the concave connection point and the convex connection point may be formed on at least a part of a portion that comes into contact with other puzzles when the puzzle pieces 121 to 123 are finished products.

[0260] Further, the combination of the shape of the concave connection point and the convex connection point is not limited to the shape shown in FIGS. 25 to 30, but may be a combination of a groove shape and a hook shape. Furthermore, instead of the concave connection point and the convex connection point, other pairs of connection points that are different from each other and can be detachably connected to each other may be used. Other pairs of connection points include, for example, (1) a combination of Velcro (registered trademark) loop surface and hook surface, (2) a combination of a sheet and a member that can sandwich and hold the sheet; Can be mentioned

[0261] Each puzzle piece 121 to 123 has an image-formed sheet using the method described in the section [Method for creating a solid with two images formed] or the method described in Embodiment 6. If you put, two images will appear when completed, taking into account how the pictures are connected. It becomes a puzzle that creates an nth-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron.

[0262] The three-dimensional puzzle (joint puzzle piece and vertex puzzle piece) according to the present embodiment can also be formed of a plastic or the like.

[0263] The three-dimensional puzzle according to the present embodiment, that is, 2 ^{(2n + 1)} — two coupled puzzle pieces 121 and four vertex puzzle pieces 122 · 123 are correctly coupled to each other, as shown in FIG. A finished product (structure) having the shape of an nth order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron is obtained. The method for correctly connecting these buzz pieces 121 to 123 is the same as in the sixth embodiment. Also in FIG. 39, the symbol “B” is attached to the tip of the rim on which the concave connection point is formed, and the symbol “A” is attached to the tip of the rim on which the convex connection point is formed.

[0264] It should be noted that in the finished product shown in FIG. 39, a regular tetrahedral cavity exists in the center of each regular tetrahedron. While changing the force, modify puzzle pieces 121-123 to eliminate this cavity Is also possible. In the puzzle pieces 121 to 123 shown in FIGS. 36 to 38, the third piece 124 · 125 and the puzzle pieces 122 · 123 each have a large force A heptahedron having three quadrangular faces and four triangular faces It was the shape of. The shape of this heptahedron is made up of three large quadrilateral surfaces and three small quadrilateral surfaces (excluding three of the four triangular surfaces excluding the central one) If you change the shape to a hexahedron with Moreover, you may expand further said cavity. In other words, if the shape of a seven-sided body with three large quadrilateral faces and four triangular faces is a large three-sided quadrilateral plate, the inside of each regular tetrahedron is hollowed out. can do.

[0265] For the structure thus obtained, an image can be obtained using the method described in the section [Method for creating a solid with two images formed], the method described in Embodiment 6, and the like. By pasting a pre-formed sheet, you can create a 3D display that shows two images.

[0266] In this embodiment, an image-formed sheet (for example, a sticker) is pasted on the nth-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron instead of the n-th order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron frame. A 3D display overflowing with

[0267] Note that the structure according to the present embodiment has a shell pin ski tetrahedron shape, and unlike the sixth embodiment, a three-dimensional structure having a seal pin ski tetrahedron shape without attaching a sheet to the structure. A display can be created. In other words, if two types of image fragments are formed in advance on the surface of each puzzle piece, the puzzle pieces have the shape of a Sherpinski tetrahedron and can be seen by simply connecting the puzzle pieces together. A 3D display can be created.

[0268] The features of the three-dimensional puzzle according to Embodiments 6 to 8 are as follows. First, the three-dimensional puzzle according to Embodiments 6 to 8 is simpler in the number of components compared to the other embodiments. In addition, the three-dimensional puzzle according to Embodiments 6 to 8 can be manufactured at low cost because the number of components is small. In addition, the three-dimensional puzzle according to Embodiments 6 to 8 is easy to assemble and disassemble, and does not require dexterity on the hand. In addition, the three-dimensional puzzles according to Embodiments 6 to 8 have a low difficulty level. Therefore, it is possible to create a mathematical solid with nth-order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedral force without using too much head. [0269] The three-dimensional puzzles according to Embodiments 6 to 8 described above can be used to create the shape of an advertisement posting. These three-dimensional puzzles can be used mainly for the production of advertisements.

[Embodiment 9]

One embodiment of a three-dimensional display having the shape of an approximately nth-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

[0271] The stereoscopic display according to the present embodiment can be opened and closed. The three-dimensional display according to this embodiment has a shape of an approximately nth-order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron formed by combining 4 ⁿ (n is an arbitrary natural number) base material fragments having a substantially tetrahedral shape. Two images are formed on the surface of the base material and can be folded. Here, as an example, for a base material made of a paper sheet having a shape of an approximately first-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron, which is formed by combining four base material fragments having a substantially tetrahedron shape, A three-dimensional display that can be folded by forming two images on the surface of the substrate will be described.

[0272] The three-dimensional display having the shape of an approximately first order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron according to the present embodiment has four bases having substantially the shape of a regular tetrahedron as shown in Figs. Including a base material formed by joining the pieces 131 to 134! The four surfaces of the base material fragments 131 to 134 are composed of sheets such as thick paper (paper having a quality of 110 kg or more), plastic sheets, etc., where the portions other than the creases described later can maintain a substantially flat shape. Of the six sides of the base material, each base piece is divided into two sides A (the side 132a and side 134a connected) and side B (the side 131b and side 133b connected). It is part of side A in the sheets constituting 131 to 134! / ヽ is two surfaces (side 131c, 131d) that sandwich side 13 la to 134a (side a) parallel to side A The surfaces 132c and 132d, the surfaces 133c and 133d, and the surfaces 134c and 134d) are configured such that they can be separated from each other at the side a when the substrate is folded. The two surfaces sandwiching the sides 131b to 134b (side b) that are part of or parallel to side B of each base piece 131 to 134 are narrowed until they almost touch each other. Combined in the form! In each base piece 131 to 134, each of four sides (side 13 le to 131h, side 132e to 132h, side 133e to 133h, and side 134e to 134h) other than side a and side b is sandwiched. The two surfaces are joined in such a way that the angles of each other can be expanded until they become approximately one surface. Each of the two surfaces (surfaces 131c and 131d, surfaces 132c and 132d, surfaces 133c and 133d, and surfaces 134c and 134d) sandwiching 131a to 134a (side a) in each base piece 131 to 134 has sides 131a to Folds 131i to 134i ′ 131j to 134j are provided that can be bent from the midpoint of 134a (side a) to the apex that faces 131a to 134a (side a) until both sides substantially touch each other.

[0273] The base material includes two surfaces (surface 13 lc, 131d, surfaces 132c, 132d, surfaces 133c, 133d, and surfaces 134c, 134d sandwiching 131a-134a (side a) of each of the substrate fragments 131-134. ) Are further provided with flap portions 13lk to 134k that are coupled to one of the surfaces 131d to 134d and can cover the entire other surfaces 131c to 134c. The flaps 咅 1311 ^ to 1341 ^ and the slits 13 lm to 134m provided on the other surface 131c to 134c have detachable protrusions 13 ln to 134η! By inserting these flap portions 131k to 134k into the slits 131m to 134m, two surfaces (surface 131c, 131d, surface 132c, 132d, surface 133c, 133d, and surface 131) that sandwich the sides 131a to 134a (side a) 134c · 134d) can be joined together, and the sides 13la to 134a (side a) can be held in a straight line. In addition, the flap parts 131k-134k should just be able to cover at least one part of the surfaces 131c-134c. Further, the positions and shapes of the protrusions 131η to 134η are not limited to those illustrated.

[0274] If the protrusions 131η to 134η are removed from the slits 131m to 134m and the flap portions 13lk to 134k are on the same plane as the surfaces 13ld to 134d, the base material has sides of 13 lb to 134b and the fold lines 131i to 134i ′ 131j to 134j are folded into a flat shape using the fold lines. Figure 42 shows the 3D display in the folded state. In the sheet constituting each base piece 131 to 134, it is a part of side A! /, Is two sides (side 131c) sandwiching side 13 la to 134a (side a) parallel to side A , 131d, surfaces 132c and 132d, surfaces 133c and 133d, and surfaces 134c and 134d) are folded at the fold lines 131i to 134i '131j to 134j as shown in FIG. Two rectangular sheets with the same ratio of 2: 3, one long side (side 13 lb to 134b) and two short sides (crease 13 li to 134i · 13 lj to 134j) It becomes the shape joined at.

[0275] The five sides other than side A in the substrate are each of those sides as shown in FIG. Along with this, five linear bones (bars) 135, which also have a wire equal force, are supported by being inserted into the base material. These five bones 135 form a frame of two equilateral triangles sharing side B. Until the angle between the two equilateral triangle frames is close to 0 degrees (the angle that the frames are almost in contact with each other), the base material has the side B as the axis with respect to the other frame. Thus, it can be folded into a substantially flat shape by rotating it.

[0276] Of the five bones 135, one bone 135 connects the base piece 131 and the base piece 133, and the inner surface of the side 131b of the base piece 131 and the base piece 133 Side 13 is connected to the inner surface of 3b. The other bone 135 connects the base piece 131 and the base piece 132, and is connected to the inner surface of the side 131e in the base piece 131 and the inner surface of the side 132e in the base piece 132. Yes. The other bone 135 connects the base piece 132 and the base piece 133, and is connected to the inner surface of the side 132f of the base piece 132 and the inner surface of the side 133f of the base piece 133. Has been. Further, another bone 135 joins the base piece 131 and the base piece 134, and is connected to the inner surface of the side 131g in the base piece 131 and the inner surface of the side 134g in the base piece 134. Yes. The other bone 135 joins the base piece 133 and the base piece 134 and is connected to the inner surface of the side 133h of the base piece 133 and the inner side of the side 134h of the base piece 134. ing.

[0277] Base piece 132 and base piece 134 are joined by a string (not shown) bonded to the inner surface of base piece 132 and base piece 134 with cellophane tape so as not to prevent folding. Being! /, I like to be! /

[0278] In addition, the stereoscopic display according to the present embodiment is configured so that an image fragment is formed in advance on the sheet that forms the substrate fragments 131 to 134 with respect to the above-described base material. The first image appears when the point force is seen in the directional direction (eg, X direction) toward the midpoint of the second side facing the first side, and the midpoint of the second side goes to the midpoint of the first side. The second image appears when viewed in the direction (eg X direction). As the image forming method, the method described in the section [Method for creating a solid in which two images are formed], the method described in Embodiment 6, and the like can be used.

[0279] Next, a method for manufacturing a stereoscopic display having the above-described configuration will be described. Here, each group As a means for joining the material fragments 131 to 134, five bones 135 and strings are used, and image fragments PA1 to PA4 and PB1 to PB4 (Fig. 2 (Fig. 2 ( The case where a) and FIG. 2 (b)) are formed will be described as an example. In this manufacturing method, a stereoscopic display can be obtained in which the image PA can be seen by looking at the force in the X direction and the image PB can be seen by looking at the force in the X direction.

[0280] First, prepare a paper pattern 200 as shown in FIG. 44, cut the paper pattern 200 along a cut line (shown by a solid line in FIG. 44), and follow a crease line (shown by a solid line in FIG. 44). Fold and paste the creases sufficiently. Then, as shown in FIG. 45, five pieces of bone 135, for example, a piano straight line, are attached to the back surface of the pattern to be configured, and the base piece 131 and the base pieces 132 to 134 are joined together. · Combine 134 and substrate fragment 133. Then, paste is applied to the margin to assemble the base material pieces 131 to 134 into a regular tetrahedron shape. Thereafter, the base piece 132 and the base piece 134 are bonded with a string.

[0281] The three-dimensional display configured as described above has a shape of a substantially quadratic approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron formed by joining 16 base material pieces having a substantially regular tetrahedron shape. In this case, it can be produced in the same manner as described above. In other words, a 3D display with the shape of a quadratic approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron is also connected by putting bones in only 5 sides and connecting the remaining places with strings. Should be. However, to increase the strength, a bone with half the length of the long bone is placed around the small tetrahedron (10) where there is no long bone and the remaining 5 vertices. Are preferably connected with a string.

[0282] Further, in the above-described stereoscopic display, in the sheet constituting each of the base material fragments 131 to 134, it may be a part of the side A! /, And the side 13 la to 134a parallel to the side A The two surfaces sandwiching (side a) (surfaces 131c and 131d, surfaces 132c and 132d, surfaces 133c and 133d, and surfaces 134c and 134d) were separated from each other by side a. However, if a sheet having flexibility and strength, such as cloth or paper having flexibility and strength, is used as the sheet constituting each of the base material fragments 131 to 134, the sheet is divided at side a. It is possible to form the base material fragments 131 to 134 in a bag shape. In this case, each base piece 131-134 is provided with a valley fold and a mountain fold.

[0283] The structure of each base piece 131-134 is exactly the same with respect to the fold line, so here The structure of the base piece 131 will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 53, valley folds are indicated by broken lines, and mountain folds are indicated by dashed lines. Substrate fragment 13 U, Fig. 53 [As shown] This side 131d is one of the two surfaces 131c and 131d that sandwich the side 131a. Three valley-fold folds 131η are provided on the three line segments connecting to the center, and one mountain-fold fold 131p is provided on the line segment connecting the center of the surface 131d and the midpoint of the side 131a. . On the other hand, the other surface 131c is provided with one valley fold 131p on a line segment connecting the midpoint of the side 131a and the apex facing the side 131a.

[0284] Then, when the base piece 131 is folded along the fold lines 131n'131p'131q, the base piece 131 is folded as shown in FIG. At this time, a triangular region surrounded by the side 131a and the two fold lines 13In on the surface 131d shown in FIG. 54 is bent in a state of being overlapped with the surface 131c.

[0285] Further, in the base piece 131, the fold valley fold and the mountain fold are reversed, and one surface 131d of the two surfaces 131c '131d sandwiching the side 131a has a center of the surface 131d. Three mountain fold creases 131η are provided on the three line segments connecting the three vertices, and one valley fold 131p is provided on the line segment connecting the center of the surface 131d and the midpoint of the side 131a. On the other hand, one trough fold line 131p may be provided on the line segment connecting the midpoint of the side 131a and the vertex facing the side 131a on the other surface 131c. In this case, in the folded state, the center of the surface 131d protrudes outside, and the four parts divided by the four folds of the surface 131d are the remaining two surfaces of the base material piece 131 and the surface. Connect 131c to the two folded surfaces to form one surface.

[0286] While the state force of the base piece 131 is also changed to the state of FIG. 53, the boundary 131r between the valley fold 13lq and the mountain fold 131p is the midpoint of the side 131a, the force, Move to the center of the triangle with sides 131a '131e' 13 lg. The sheet constituting the base piece 131 needs to be flexible and strong enough to allow this movement. In the case of the base piece 131 made of cloth or the like, it is not always necessary to fold the base piece 131 along the clean fold 131n'p'q. 132c, 132d, face 13 3c · 133d, and face 134c · 134d) are folded in a crumpled manner (folded at multiple folds) It is also possible to fold the base piece 131.

[0287] When a cloth is used as the sheet constituting the base material fragments 131 to 134, the sides 13 la to 134a (side a) on the inner surface of the cloth (sheet) of each base material fragment 131 to 134 131a to 134a are almost equal U. It is preferable that the structure has a structure in which a rod can be erected further, with a thrust force of length. Thus, when the three-dimensional display is expanded, the sides 131a to 134a can be held in a straight line, and the shape can be made closer to the shell pin ski tetrahedron.

[0288] Using a cloth, the base material surface is compared to the base material having the shape of an approximately first-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron, which is formed by combining four base material pieces having a substantially tetrahedral shape. A method for manufacturing a stereoscopic display in which two images are formed will be described below. In this case, after creating a regular tetrahedron with a cloth, put a bone into the regular tetrahedron so that the place ahead of the bone does not move. It is easy to prevent the bone tip from moving in this way.

[0289] More specifically, first, four tetrahedrons made of cloth on which a piece of an image such as a photograph or a picture is printed are created. Leave only a few holes for later use, sew the back cover and turn it over. In this state, there is no bone in it, so it is still pechanko. There should be one of the vertices of each regular tetrahedron made of cloth that will become the vertices of a large tetrahedron (the vertices of a first-order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron) when the 3D display is completed. One surface from a small tetrahedron made of paper or the like to fix the bone at the apex inside one vertex that becomes the apex of the large tetrahedron when the 3D display in each regular tetrahedron made of cloth is completed Insert the material except for. This member is preferably small enough that it does not bother even if it protrudes when folded. If you are worried even if this member protrudes when folded, attach the tip of the bone and make a crease that only bends inward on one side.

[0290] Next, five straight bones are prepared. These bones should be just equal to the length of the side when completed. Drill holes in the remaining three vertices of each regular tetrahedron made of cloth. In each regular tetrahedron made of cloth, inside the edge to be boned along the edge, the bone is squeezed from the hole toward the apex where the paper is reinforced. At the midpoint of each bone, the apex of the regular tetrahedron overlaid from both ends should overlap. Bond the vertices together. Care should be taken to ensure that the fabric is completely taut. The remaining set of vertices to be joined (base fragment 132 The top of the substrate and the top of the base piece 134 are bonded with a string or the like.

[0291] In order to open and fix the cloth when the 3D display is expanded, a tapping stick having a length equal to the side of the regular tetrahedron is prepared separately from the bone. Then, when the 3D display is spread, a changer stick is put between the vertices of both ends of the sides 131a to 134a. It is preferable to attach a pocket-shaped member on the outside at the apexes of both ends of the sides 131a to 134a in the base material pieces 131 to 134 so that the reversing bar force S can be successfully applied. If a pocket-shaped member is attached, the image is also printed on the pocket-shaped member.

[0292] Next, a method of manufacturing a stereoscopic display having an approximately quadratic approximate shell-pinski tetrahedron shape by using cloth to connect 16 base material fragments having an approximately regular tetrahedron shape. The method is described below.

[0293] Similarly, prepare 16 tetrahedral cloth bags on which images such as photographs have been printed. Similarly, only the four vertices corresponding to the four vertices when completed are reinforced. Also, prepare 5 straight bones that are equal to the side length. Then, among the tetrahedron bags, the one that becomes a large regular tetrahedron side (side of the quadratic approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron) when completed is stabbed into the bone. One tetrahedral bag should be stabbed into one bone. Bond the vertices of these tetrahedrons. Then, with the remaining vertices, the vertices that should be bonded when completed are glued together with a string.

[0294] Further, a thrust bar is provided to fix the sides 13la to 134a when spread. Also in this case, it is preferable to attach a pocket-shaped member to the outside at the apexes of the base material pieces that are both ends of the side so that the changeover bar can be applied successfully. This completes a foldable 3D display with a quadratic approximate shell-pinsky tetrahedron shape.

[0295] In the present embodiment, a three-dimensional display (upholstery etc.) having the shape of an nth-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron that can be expanded and closed can be obtained as described above. The three-dimensional display according to this embodiment can experience the wonder of mathematically beautiful figure mathematics. Further, the three-dimensional display according to this embodiment can be carried in a folded state in a flat shape, and can be formed into an n-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron when necessary, so that it is convenient to carry. In addition, the stereoscopic display according to the present embodiment can be folded any number of times. The three-dimensional display according to the present embodiment is folded. If provided to the user in the state, the user can enjoy the pleasure of creating the shape of an nth-order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron by spreading. In other words, in the stereoscopic display according to the present embodiment, the difficulty of creating the shape of the nth-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron is the pleasure of creating the shape of the planar shape force nth order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron. Just good for wow.

[Embodiment 10]

In the first embodiment, “The two advertising images are centered around the x and X axes so that the two vertices are squares surrounded by the vertical and horizontal sides, not the squares with the top, bottom, left, and right sides. It can be fixed to the exhibition stand after being rotated 45 degrees. Note that the X direction and the X direction are supported horizontally even when fixed in this way. ” ing.

[0297] This is because the base material 5 having the shape of the 1 shellpinski tetrahedron shown in Fig. 1 described in the first embodiment, and image fragments PA1 to PA4 and PB1 to PB4 with respect to the base material 5 are shown. The solid 10 (see Fig. 3) that forms the vertical direction of the lead 5 and the solid 10 is tilted 45 degrees from the vertical direction, and the base 5 or solid 10 is not a square with vertical and horizontal diagonal lines. And it shows that it looks like a square with horizontal sides. The substrate 5 or solid 10 appears to be a square with vertical and horizontal sides. The two images are squares with lead and horizontal sides. This means that the straight line connecting them is in the same direction as the coordinate axis of the normal coordinate system, up and down, left and right, and front and back. In this state, the base material 5 or the solid body 10 is rotated around a vertical axis passing through the center. Then, there are four moments when the substrate 5 or the solid 10 looks like a square while the substrate 5 or the solid 10 is rotated once. In the three-dimensional display or advertisement display according to each of the embodiments so far, the entire image (images PA and PB) can be seen only twice of these four times, and the other two times are mixed with two types of image fragments. You can see the image without meaning.

[0298] However, by applying a printing technology called lenticular printing, where the visible image changes depending on the viewing direction, the image can be seen from the two directions where this meaningless image could be seen. Realize 3D display or advertisement It is possible now.

[0299] An embodiment of a stereoscopic display in which four images can be seen will be described with reference to FIG.

[0300] n—4 ⁿ (n is an arbitrary natural number) substrates having a substantially regular tetrahedron shape that constitutes a substrate having the shape of a Sherpinski tetrahedron (eg, the substrate 5 shown in FIG. 1). Each surface of the fragment (for example, base material fragments 1 to 4 shown in FIG. 1) is a surface 140 having a substantially equilateral triangular shape as shown in FIG.

[0301] In the stereoscopic display in which four images according to this embodiment can be seen, the lenticular print surface 141 is formed on all the surfaces 140 in the base material having the shape of an n-Shelpinsky tetrahedron.

[0302] The lenticular print surface 141 was formed by printing a right image and a left image in a strip shape corresponding to each lenticular lens, and a strip on the print surface. It is also a force with a lenticular lens that is a force-powered convex lens. In FIG. 46, the longitudinal direction of each lenticular lens is indicated by a broken line. The image for the right direction formed on the printing surface can be seen only from the right direction in FIG. 46 by passing through the lenticular lens, and the image for the left direction formed on the printing surface can be viewed by passing through the lenticular lens. Only the leftward force in Fig. 46 is visible. Note that lenticular printing is described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 2004-195822 and 2004-333706.

[0303] η—Images on all surfaces 140 in a substrate with the shape of a Sherpinski tetrahedron are shown in FIGS. 46-48 as shown in FIGS. It will be projected onto one of C. Since direction A is the left direction and direction B is the right direction, the image for left direction can be seen from direction A, and the image for right direction can be seen from direction B. When viewing the lenticular print surface 141, the direction A and the direction B force are also perpendicular to the direction of the lenticular print in which the image changes due to the inclination of the line of sight (the left-right direction in FIG. 46). You will also see a directional force tilted 36 degrees from the 140 normal.

[0304] Fig. 49 shows an example of a stereoscopic display in which four images according to the present embodiment can be seen. Also in FIG. 49, the lenticular print surface is indicated by 141, and the longitudinal direction of the lenticular lens is indicated by a broken line. However, in Figure 49, for the sake of simplifying the drawing, The broken line indicating the longitudinal direction of the large lens is shown with only four representative surfaces 3A, 3B, 1C and ID, and is not shown on the other surfaces.

[0305] The three-dimensional display according to the present embodiment is a three-dimensional display in which the first, second, third, and fourth images are formed on the surface of the base material 5, as shown in FIG. 5 has a shape of an approximately nth-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron obtained by combining four base material fragments 1 to 4 having a substantially tetrahedral shape.

[0306] Of the four surfaces 1A to 4A, surfaces 1B to 4B, surfaces 1C to 4C, and surfaces 1D to 4D in each of the base material pieces 1 to 4, the surfaces 1A to 4A include surfaces 1A to 4A and surfaces Seen in the direction (X direction) from the midpoint of the first side la to 4a sandwiched between 1B to 4B toward the midpoint of the second side lb to 4b sandwiched between planes 1C to 4C and planes 1D to 4D Only the first image fragment is visible, and the third side lc-4c sandwiched between planes 1A-4A and planes 1C-4C is the fourth point sandwiched between planes 1B-4B and planes 1D-4D. The first and third image fragments are formed by lenticular printing so that only the third image fragment is visible when viewed in the direction (A direction) toward the midpoint of sides ld to 4d. .

[0307] Also, in the planes 1B to 4B, when viewed in the direction (X direction) from the midpoint of the first side la to 4a toward the midpoint of the second side lb to 4b, the first image Only the fragment can be seen, and only the fourth image fragment can be seen when viewed in the direction (−A direction) from the midpoint of the fourth side ld to 4d to the midpoint of the third side lc to 4c. The first and fourth image fragments are formed by lenticular printing.

[0308] In addition, on surfaces 1C to 4C, the second image appears when viewed in the direction (-X direction) from the midpoint of the second side lb to 4b toward the midpoint of the first side la to 4a. So that only the fragment of the third image can be seen when viewed in the direction (A direction) from the midpoint of the third side lc to 4c to the midpoint of the fourth side ld to 4d. The print forms the second and third image fragments.

[0309] Also, in the planes 1D to 4D, the second image appears when viewed in the direction (-X direction) from the midpoint of the second side lb to 4b toward the midpoint of the first side la to 4a. Only the fragment of the fourth image is visible when viewed in the direction (one A direction) from the midpoint of the fourth side ld to 4d to the midpoint of the third side lc to 4c. As shown, the lenticular print forms the second and fourth image fragments. It is made.

[0310] The longitudinal direction of the lenticular lens on the lenticular printed surface 141 is the perpendicular direction of the fifth side le to 4e sandwiched between the surfaces 1A to 4A and the surfaces 1D to 4D for the surfaces 1A to 4A and the surfaces 1D to 4D. Yes, in planes 1B to 4B and planes 1C to 4C, the direction is a perpendicular direction of the sixth side If to 4f sandwiched between planes 1B to 4B and planes 1C to 4C.

[0311] In planes 1A to 4A, the plane that includes the perpendicular of the fifth side le to 4e and is perpendicular to planes 1A to 4A is the force that has a viewpoint on the first side la to 4a side from that plane. Different images can be seen depending on whether the viewpoint is on the third side lc-4c. That is, when the viewpoint is on the first side la to 4a side from the plane, only the first image fragment is visible, and when the viewpoint is on the third side lc to 4c side from the plane, Only a fragment of image 3 is visible.

[0312] In planes 1B to 4B, a force that includes a perpendicular of the sixth side lf to 4f and that is perpendicular to planes 1B to 4B is located on the first side la to 4a side of the plane. Different images can be seen depending on whether the viewpoint is on the 4th side ld to 4d side from the plane. That is, when the viewpoint is on the first side la to 4a side from the plane, only the first image fragment is visible, and when the viewpoint is on the fourth side ld to 4d side from the plane, Only a fragment of image 4 is visible.

[0313] In planes 1C to 4C, a force that has a viewpoint on the second side lb to 4b from the plane, including a perpendicular line of the sixth side lf to 4f and perpendicular to planes 1C to 4C, Different images can be seen depending on whether the viewpoint is on the third side lc-4c side of the plane. That is, when the viewpoint is on the second side lb to 4b side from the plane, only the fragment of the second image is visible, and when the viewpoint is on the third side lc to 4c side from the plane, Only a fragment of image 3 is visible.

[0314] In planes 1D to 4D, the force that has a viewpoint on the second side lb to 4b from the plane, including the perpendicular of the fifth side le to 4e and perpendicular to planes 1D to 4D, is the plane. Different images can be seen depending on whether the viewpoint is on the fourth side ld to 4d. That is, when the viewpoint is on the second side lb to 4b side from the plane, only the fragment of the second image is visible, and when the viewpoint is on the fourth side ld to 4d side from the plane, Only a fragment of image 4 is visible.

[0315] Therefore, according to the above configuration, when viewed in the direction (X direction) from the midpoint of the first side la to 4a toward the midpoint of the second side lb to 4b, the first image force lb to 4b midpoint force 2nd image force when viewed in the direction toward the midpoint of 1st side la to 4a (one X direction) 3rd side in lc to 4c 3rd image force when viewed in the direction from the point toward the midpoint of the 4th side ld to 4d (direction A) Directional force from the midpoint of the 4th side ld to 4d to the midpoint of the 3rd side lc to 4c The fourth image can be seen when looking in the direction (one A direction). That is, four images can be seen depending on the viewing direction. In addition, if the 3D display is rotated around the axis passing through the center and perpendicular to the X and A directions, these four images can be seen in one rotation.

[0316] As described above, the stereoscopic display according to the present embodiment can display four different images. In addition, if the stereoscopic display according to the present embodiment is rotated, an image can be seen only at the moment when a meaningful image can be seen four times per rotation.

[0317] In addition, the stereoscopic display according to the present embodiment is interesting for the viewer because two people watching the same stereoscopic display with a directional force 90 degrees different can see different images at the same moment.

[0318] In addition, by using a lenticular print of 3-image changing, and setting it so that it can be seen when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the third image power surface, it can also be viewed from above and below. Including different images can be seen from six directions. Also, when surface 1A to 4A, surface 1B to 4B, surface 1C to 4C, and surface 1D to 4D come to the front, different images are formed on a planar figure called a two-dimensional shell pin ski gasket. It is also possible to make it appear, and to appear a total of eight image forces during one rotation. In addition to the above four directions, from the direction that does not look like a square, it becomes gray and it is possible to hide anything.

[0319] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but can be variously modified within the scope of the claims, and can be obtained by appropriately combining technical means disclosed in different embodiments. Such embodiments are also included in the technical scope of the present invention. Industrial applicability

[0320] The three-dimensional puzzle of the present invention is based on Sherpinsky tetrahedral geometry.

It is useful as a learning material for learning fractal geometry and as a three-dimensional fitting picture. In addition, the completed three-dimensional puzzle of the present invention is useful as a decoration (decoration), an advertisement display, a three-dimensional logo, and the like.

[0321] The advertisement display of the present invention can be used for various advertisements. Further, the three-dimensional display of the present invention is useful as a decoration (decoration), an advertisement display, a three-dimensional mouthpiece and the like. In addition, the creation kit of the present invention is useful as a kit for creating ornaments, advertisement displays, 3D logos, etc., or as a learning material for understanding 3D figures.

Claims

The scope of the claims

[1] 4 ⁿ (n is an arbitrary natural number) puzzles with a nearly regular tetrahedron shape so that a finished product with a nearly nth-order approximate Shellpinsky tetrahedron shape can be obtained when correctly combined. A three-dimensional puzzle comprising pieces,

Assuming that the two opposite sides of the finished product are the first side and the second side, when the finished product is viewed in the direction toward the midpoint of the first side and toward the midpoint of the second side, it is almost square. A fragment of the first image is formed on the two surfaces of each nozzle piece that are part of the first side or a side that is parallel to the first side so that the first image of Has been

Midpoint force of the second side of the second side of each nozzle piece so that when viewed in the direction toward the midpoint of the first side, the second image of a substantially square shape appears. A piece of the second image is formed on two faces that sandwich a side that is part of or parallel to the second side, and the vertices corresponding to the connection points of the puzzle pieces in the finished product A three-dimensional puzzle characterized in that at least one has a structure that can be detachably coupled to at least one vertex of at least one puzzle piece other than the correct answer.

[2] The three-dimensional puzzle according to claim 1, wherein a magnet is embedded in each puzzle piece so that two vertices are N poles and the other two vertices are S poles.

[3] (2 X 4 ⁿ — 2) more rods,

2. The three-dimensional puzzle according to claim 1, wherein a hole into which the rod can be inserted and removed is provided at the apex of each nozzle piece.

[4] Convex portions are formed at the two vertices of each nozzle piece, while concave portions into which the convex portions can be fitted are formed at the other two vertices. The surface of the concave portion has a hemispherical shape centered at the apex, and the surface of the convex portion further includes the center of the convex portion and the convex portion. Three plate-like projections that are part of a plane that passes through the center of each surface that touches and are perpendicular to the surface are formed.

The surface of the recess is further formed with three slits that pass through the center of the recess and the center of each surface in contact with the recess and become part of a plane perpendicular to the surface.

The plate-like protrusion and the slit are formed by allowing the plate-like protrusion to enter the slit when the convex portion is fitted into the concave portion and the position of the plate-like protrusion is adjusted to the position of the slit. The convex portion is formed so as to be able to be tilted by an angle of approximately tan- ¹ (2-Γ2) radians (about 70 degrees) in the direction of the slit of the concave portion. The standing nozzle described in 1.

[5] It further comprises (2 X 4 ⁿ — 2) connecting members,

Each connecting member has a shape where the bar is bent at an angle of approximately tan ^_1 (2 2) radians (about 70 degrees) at one point,

2. The three-dimensional puzzle according to claim 1, wherein a hole into which the connecting member can be removably inserted is provided at each apex of each puzzle piece so as to continue toward the center of each puzzle piece. .

[6] An advertisement display object in which the first and second advertisement images are formed on the substrate surface,

The base material has a shape of an approximately nth-order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron obtained by combining 4 ⁿ (n is an arbitrary natural number) base material fragments having a substantially tetrahedral shape. When the two sides facing each other among the six sides of the base material are the first side and the second side, the midpoint force of the first side when viewed in the direction toward the midpoint of the second side In order for the first advertisement image to appear, the first advertisement image fragment is formed on two surfaces of the base material fragment that sandwich a side that is part of the first side or parallel to the first side. Has been

The midpoint force of the second side is either a part of the second side or the first side of each base piece so that the second advertisement image appears when viewed in the direction toward the midpoint of the first side. An advertisement table characterized in that a fragment of the second advertisement image is formed on two surfaces sandwiching a side parallel to the two sides.

[7] A stereoscopic display in which the first and second images are formed on the surface of the substrate,

The above substrate is composed of 4 ⁿ (n is an arbitrary natural number) substrate fragments having a substantially tetrahedral shape (

2 X 4 ⁿ -2) It is obtained by combining with 2 connecting members and has the shape of an approximate nth order shellpinski tetrahedron.

Of the six sides of the base material, if the two sides facing each other are the first side and the second side, the midpoint force of the first side is the first when viewed in the direction toward the midpoint of the second side. The first image fragment is formed on two sides of the base material fragment that sandwich the side that is part of the first side or parallel to the first side. , Midpoint force on the 2nd side Directional force toward the midpoint on the 1st side As a second image appears when viewed in the direction, it is either part of the 2nd side or 2nd side in each substrate fragment A fragment of the second image is formed on the two faces that sandwich the side that is parallel to

At the apex corresponding to the bonding point between the base material pieces, a hole is provided so as to continue to the center of each base material piece,

Each connecting member has a shape in which the rod is bent at an angle of approximately tan ^_1 (2 2) radians (about 70 degrees) at one point, and both sides are inserted into holes of different base material pieces. 3D display.

[8] A creation kit for creating a solid display having an approximately nth-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron shape and an image formed on the surface,

4 ⁿ (n is an arbitrary natural number) base material fragments having a substantially tetrahedral shape, and a connecting member for connecting these base material pieces to each other,

A preparation kit, characterized in that a hole into which the connecting member can be inserted is provided at each vertex of each base piece so as to continue toward the center of each base piece.

[9] Four vertices corresponding to each vertex of the nth-order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron that, when properly combined, yields a finished product with a frame shape that is approximately the nth-order approximate Shellpinsky tetrahedron. A puzzle piece and 2 ( ^{2n + 1)} — 2 (n is an arbitrary natural number) connected puzzle pieces corresponding to each of the connected parts of the regular tetrahedrons constituting the nth-order approximate Shellpinsky tetrahedron. A three-dimensional puzzle,

Each of the combined puzzle pieces includes a base portion, and three first rims and three second rims provided so as to extend radially from the base portion in different directions.

Each of the first rims is provided at an angle of 60 degrees with respect to the direction in which the other two first rims extend,

Each of the second rims is provided at an angle of 60 degrees with respect to the direction in which the other two second rims extend,

One of the first rim and one of the second rim are aligned on a straight line

Of the three first rims, one tip has a recess or a through hole, and the other two leading ends have a protrusion. Of the three second rims, two tips have recesses or through holes, and the remaining one tip has a protrusion.

The above four vertex puzzle pieces consist of two first vertex puzzle pieces and two second vertex puzzle pieces,

The first vertex puzzle piece is composed of a first vertex portion and three third rims extending radially from the first vertex portion in directions different by 60 degrees from each other. A concave or through hole is formed at the tip, and a convex is formed at the other two tips.

The second vertex puzzle piece is composed of a second vertex portion and three fourth rims extending radially from the second vertex portion in directions different by 60 degrees from each other. A concave or through hole is formed at the tip, and a convex is formed at the other tip.

The three-dimensional puzzle, wherein the convex portion is formed so as to be fitted into the concave portion or the through hole.

[10] An n-th order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron is formed for a structure having a frame shape of an approximately nth order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron obtained by correctly combining the three-dimensional puzzle according to claim 9. 4 Each puzzle piece is covered with a sheet so as to form each surface of ⁿ regular tetrahedrons,

Assuming that the two opposite sides of the structure are the first side and the second side, when the structure is viewed in the direction toward the midpoint of the first side and toward the midpoint of the second side, it is almost square. So that the first image of the first image of the first image of each regular tetrahedron appears on a sheet of two surfaces that are part of the first side or a side parallel to the first side. Fragments are formed,

When the structure is viewed in the direction of the midpoint of the second side toward the midpoint of the first side, the second side of each tetrahedron appears so that a second image with a substantially square shape appears. A three-dimensional display characterized in that a fragment of the second image is formed on a sheet of two surfaces sandwiching a side that is part or parallel to the second side, and V.

[11] Corresponds to a regular tetrahedron containing each apex of the n + first order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron so that a finished product with a shape of approximately n + first order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron can be obtained when properly combined. The four-vertex puzzle pieces that have the shape of a regular tetrahedron, and the connected part of each group of four regular tetrahedrons that form a first-order shell pinsky tetrahedron A 3D puzzle including 2 ^{(2n + 1)-2} (n is an arbitrary natural number) coupled puzzle pieces corresponding to

The combined puzzle piece includes first and second pieces having a substantially tetrahedral shape, wherein the first side of the first piece and the first side of the second piece are aligned on the same straight line, and The two surfaces sandwiching the first side in the first fragment and the two surfaces sandwiching the first side in the second fragment are joined at the vertices so that they are aligned on the same plane.

Of the three vertices of the first fragment excluding the vertices joined to the second fragment, one vertex has a recess or a through hole, and the remaining two vertices have a projection. Of the three vertices excluding the vertices joined to the first fragment, two vertices are formed with recesses or through holes, and the remaining one vertex is formed with a protrusion. A vertex puzzle piece consists of two third vertex puzzle pieces and two fourth vertex puzzle pieces,

Of the three vertex puzzle pieces above, excluding the vertex corresponding to the vertex of the n + first-order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron, two vertices have recesses or through-holes, and the remaining one vertex. Has a convex part,

In the 4th vertex puzzle piece above, one of the 3 vertices excluding the vertex corresponding to the vertex of the n + first order approximation shellpinsky tetrahedron has a recess or a through hole, and the remaining 2 vertices. Has a convex part,

The three-dimensional puzzle, wherein the convex portion is formed so as to be detachable with respect to the concave portion or the through hole.

For a structure having a shape of an approximately n + 1 first order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron obtained by correctly combining the three-dimensional puzzle according to claim 11,

Assuming that the two opposite sides of the structure are the first side and the second side, when the structure is viewed in the direction toward the midpoint of the first side and toward the midpoint of the second side, it is almost square. In each regular tetrahedron composing the n + first-order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron, a side that is part of the first side or parallel to the first side is defined so that the first image of A fragment of the first image is formed on the two faces

Midpoint force on the second side when viewed in the direction toward the midpoint of the first side N + first order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedrons, each part of the regular tetrahedron that constitutes the n + 1st order is sandwiched by a side that is part of the second side or parallel to the second side 2 A three-dimensional display characterized in that a second image fragment is formed on one surface.

[13] In the three-dimensional puzzle according to claim 9, each of the three first limbs constituting each of the coupled puzzle pieces, each of the three second rims constituting each of the joined puzzle pieces, and each of the first vertex puzzle pieces. In each of the three third rims and the three fourth limbs constituting each of the second vertex puzzle pieces, the angle between the four vertices is 60 degrees in each order between the rims forming 60 degrees. A quadrilateral surface force rim of 90 degrees, 120 degrees, and 90 degrees is formed so that the rims form two sides of each face. A three-dimensional puzzle characterized by being able to get the finished product you have!

[14] In the completed three-dimensional puzzle according to claim 13, when two sides facing each other are defined as a first side and a second side,

Configure the nth-order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron so that when the finished product is viewed in the direction toward the midpoint of the first side in the direction toward the midpoint of the second side, the first image of a substantially square shape appears. In each buzz piece, a fragment of the first image is formed on two surfaces sandwiching a side that is part of the first side or parallel to the first side,

Configure the nth-order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron so that when the finished product is viewed in the direction of the midpoint of the second side in the direction toward the midpoint of the first side, a second image that is almost square appears. Each puzzle piece is a three-dimensional puzzle characterized in that a fragment of the second image is formed on two surfaces sandwiching a side that is part of the second side or parallel to the second side. .

[15] For a substrate with an approximately nth-order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron shape obtained by combining 4 ⁿ (n is an arbitrary natural number) substrate fragments having an approximately tetrahedral shape. A three-dimensional display in which the first and second images are formed on the substrate surface,

The base piece is composed of a sheet,

Of the six sides of the base material, if the two opposite sides are side A and side B,

The five sides other than side A in the base material are supported by inserting five bars into the base material along each of the sides,

These five bars form a frame of two equilateral triangles sharing side B, The base material can be folded into a substantially planar shape by rotating one frame with respect to the other frame about side B until the angle formed by the two equilateral triangular frames is close to 0 degrees. And can be

If the two sides facing each other are the same or different from side A and side B in the substrate, the first side and the second side are:

Midpoint force on the first side Directional force toward the midpoint on the second side The first part of each base piece is either a part of the first side or the first side so that the first image appears when viewed in the direction. A fragment of the first image is formed on two faces that sandwich the side that is parallel to

Midpoint force on the 2nd side Directional force toward the midpoint of the 1st side, so that the second image appears when viewed in the direction, either part of the 2nd side or 2nd side in each substrate fragment the parallel sides in pressed-free two surfaces (the n arbitrary natural number) 4 ⁿ having a shape of a stereoscopic display nearly tetrahedral, wherein a fragment of the second image is formed pieces of A three-dimensional display in which the first and second images are formed on the substrate surface with respect to the substrate having the shape of an approximately nth-order approximate shell pin ski tetrahedron obtained by combining the substrate fragments. There,

The four surfaces of each of the above-mentioned base material fragments are composed of sheets that can maintain a substantially flat shape except for the folds.

These five bars form a frame of two equilateral triangles sharing side B,

The base material can be folded into a substantially planar shape by rotating one frame with respect to the other frame about side B until the angle formed by the two equilateral triangular frames is close to 0 degrees. When the base material is folded, the two surfaces sandwiching the side a that is a part of the side A or parallel to the side A in the sheet constituting each base piece are as follows: Can be separated from each other at edge a

Each of the two surfaces sandwiching the side a in each base piece is provided with a crease that can be folded until both sides are almost in contact with each other up to the apex facing the midpoint force side a of the side a. When the base material is folded, it is folded at the above crease, and two rectangular sheets having the same length of the long side and the short side are 2: 3. It becomes a shape joined by two short sides,

Midpoint force on the 2nd side Directional force toward the midpoint of the 1st side, so that the second image appears when viewed in the direction, either part of the 2nd side or 2nd side in each substrate fragment A three-dimensional display characterized in that a fragment of the second image is formed on two surfaces sandwiching a side parallel to the first, second, third, and fourth images on the substrate surface A formed three-dimensional display,

The base material has a shape of an approximately nth-order approximate Sherpinski tetrahedron obtained by combining 4 ⁿ (n is an arbitrary natural number) base material fragments having a substantially tetrahedral shape. Of the four surface A, surface B, surface C, and surface D in each substrate fragment,

When viewing in the direction from the midpoint of the first side sandwiched between plane A and plane B to the midpoint of the second side sandwiched between plane C and plane D, only the first image fragment When the image is viewed in the direction from the midpoint of the third side sandwiched between plane A and plane C to the midpoint of the fourth side sandwiched between plane B and plane D, the third image The first and third image fragments are formed by lenticular printing so that only the fragments are visible,

On face B, the midpoint force of the first side, when viewed in the direction toward the midpoint of the second side, only the first image fragment is visible, and the midpoint of the fourth side to the midpoint of the third side The first and fourth image fragments are formed by the lenticular print so that only the fourth image fragment is visible when looking in the direction

In plane C, only the second image fragment is visible when viewed in the direction from the midpoint of the second side to the midpoint of the first side, and the midpoint of the third side to the midpoint of the fourth side. No. 3 when looking in the direction The second and third image fragments are formed by lenticular printing so that only the image fragments of

On face D, the midpoint force of the second side, when viewed in the direction toward the midpoint of the first side, only the fragment of the second image is visible, and the midpoint of the fourth side to the midpoint of the third side A stereoscopic display characterized in that the second and fourth image fragments are formed by lenticular printing so that only the fourth image fragment can be seen when viewed in the direction toward the head.