WO2005006053A1 - 空間光変調器 - Google Patents
空間光変調器 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005006053A1 WO2005006053A1 PCT/JP2004/007694 JP2004007694W WO2005006053A1 WO 2005006053 A1 WO2005006053 A1 WO 2005006053A1 JP 2004007694 W JP2004007694 W JP 2004007694W WO 2005006053 A1 WO2005006053 A1 WO 2005006053A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- micromirror
- spatial light
- distribution
- micro
- light modulator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
- G02B26/0816—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more reflecting elements
- G02B26/0833—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more reflecting elements the reflecting element being a micromechanical device, e.g. a MEMS mirror, DMD
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a spatial light modulator that uses a micromirror array to change the focus or adjust the light intensity distribution.
- variable focus optical elements there is a variable focus mirror in which a silicon diaphragm is provided with a film thickness distribution to form a parabolic concave mirror having a variable focal length.
- the varifocal mirror uses a silicon diaphragm, there is a problem in that it takes time to switch the focal length and the response is poor.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and has as its object to provide a spatial light modulator capable of quickly changing a focal position.
- the inventor of the present invention has given a reflection angle distribution to a micromirror in a spatial light modulator called a DMD (Digital Micromirror Device: trademark), thereby quickly increasing the focal length of reflected light. It has been found that switching is possible, and that a uniform light intensity distribution can be obtained by giving a reflectance distribution. That is, the above object can be achieved by the present invention described below.
- DMD Digital Micromirror Device
- a plurality of micromirrors are arranged in an array on a substrate, and the inclination of the reflection surface of each micromirror is adjusted by the electrostatic attraction acting between the micromirrors and one or the other of the reflection angles.
- a spatial light modulator that can be independently controlled in a state, wherein the mirror is such that the collimated light incident on the micromirror converges the reflected light to one point when the reflected light has one reflection angle.
- a spatial light modulator characterized in that a reflection angle distribution is provided for each of the black mirrors.
- a plurality of micromirrors are arranged in an array on a substrate, and the inclination of the reflection surface of each micromirror is adjusted by the electrostatic attraction acting between the micromirrors and one or the other of the reflection angles.
- a spatial light modulator that can be independently controlled in state, wherein a reflectance distribution is provided to the micromirror array.
- the reflectance distribution is substantially inversely proportional to the Gaussian distribution such that, when the one reflection angle is set, the incident light having a light intensity of Gaussian distribution is reflected light of a uniform light intensity distribution.
- the reflectance distribution is given by adjusting the film thickness of the reflectance modulation film provided on the surface of the micromirror for each micromirror (2).
- micromirror array On the front surface of the micromirror array, there are arranged mask plates having the same number of micromirrors and having the same number of apertures as the micromirrors, and the microaperture has an area smaller than that of the micromirrors.
- the micromirror is inclined from a plane parallel to the mask plate when at least one of the reflection angles is in the state, and the reflectance distribution is given by adjusting the inclination angle for each micromirror.
- the spatial light modulator according to (2) or (3) characterized in that:
- a non-reflection area is provided around each micromirror, and a microaperture force is provided on the front surface of the micromirror array at the same pitch as the microphone opening mirror.
- a formed mask plate is disposed, and the mask plate is displaceable such that an overlapping area of the micro aperture with respect to the micro mirror changes.
- the spatial light modulator according to (2) or (3), wherein the spatial light modulator substantially gives the reflectance distribution of the micromirror.
- FIG. 1 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part of a micromirror array type spatial light modulator according to a first example of an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a micromirror array-type spatial light modulator according to a second example of the embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the main part in an enlarged manner.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the thickness of an Au thin film as a reflectance modulation film and its optical characteristics.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the thickness distribution of an Au thin film and the intensity distribution of incident light and reflected light when the intensity distribution of reflected light is made uniform.
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view showing an example in which a reflection film is provided on a mirror substrate to constitute a micromirror.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the thickness of an A1 thin film as a reflection film and its optical characteristics.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the thickness distribution of the A1 thin film and the intensity distribution of incident light and reflected light when the intensity distribution of reflected light is made uniform.
- FIG. 9 is an enlarged schematic view showing a case where a light absorption layer is interposed between a reflection film and a mirror substrate.
- FIG. 10 is an enlarged perspective view showing a main part of a micromirror array type spatial light modulator according to a third example of an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is an enlarged perspective view showing a main part of a micromirror array type spatial light modulator according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is an enlarged perspective view showing a relationship between a micro mirror and a micro aperture in the fourth example.
- FIG. 13 is an enlarged front view showing a main part of a micromirror array type spatial light modulator according to a fifth example of an embodiment of the present invention.
- a spatial light modulator (hereinafter, SLM) 10 includes Mirrors 14A, 14B, 14C, ⁇ 14 ⁇ are arranged in an array corresponding to memory cells 16 ⁇ , 16B, 16C, ⁇ 161.
- Each of the micromirrors 14A, 14B, 14C, ⁇ is a memory sensor 16A, 16B. , 16C,..., 16C,...
- the mirror array 14 composed of 14C,..., As shown in FIG.
- Reference numeral 18 in FIG. 1 denotes a control device, which simultaneously controls the micromirrors 14A, 14B, 14C,... Through each of the memory cells 16A, 16B, 16C,. The control is performed so as to be in the state of the other reflection angle.
- control device 18 can quickly switch the attitude of the micromirrors 14A, 14B, 14C,... So that the angle of reflection is changed from one to the other.
- the reflection angle distribution of the micromirrors 14A, 14B, 14C,... Is, for example, that the substrate 12 is made of a flexible material and the micromirror array 14 is formed, and then curved, for example, into a concave spherical surface. To form.
- the state of the other reflection angle is not limited to the case of forming the divergent reflected light.
- This SLM 20 is one in which a reflectance distribution is given to each of the micromirrors 24A, 24B, 24C, 24D, 24E,... Constituting the micromirror array 24.
- the micromirrors 24A, 24B,... are usually composed of an A1 layer 26 as shown in FIG. 3, and the surface of the A1 layer 26 has a material that modulates the reflectance according to the film thickness.
- an Au thin film 27 is provided, and a reflectance distribution is formed by giving the Au thin film 27 a film thickness distribution.
- the relationship between the film thickness and the optical properties is as shown in FIG.
- the reflectivity distribution of the micromirrors 24 ⁇ , 24 ⁇ ,... Can be formed by the film thickness distribution of. In this case, as the Au thin film 27 is thicker, the reflectance of the A1 layer 26 decreases.
- incident light having a light intensity of Gaussian distribution (a beam diameter at which the intensity power is Sl / e 2 is 20 mm)
- the reflectivity distribution of the micromirror may be formed by the thickness distribution of an A1 thin film 29 formed on a mirror substrate 28 made of, for example, glass (Bk7).
- the thickness of the A1 thin film 29 when the thickness of the A1 thin film 29 is large, the reflectance increases, and a reflectance distribution is formed.
- the relationship between the thickness of the A1 thin film 29 and the optical characteristics (reflectance, transmittance, absorptance) is as shown in FIG.
- the incident light (solid line) having a Gaussian distribution of light intensity (a beam diameter at which the intensity becomes 1 / e 2 and a beam diameter of 20 mm) is incident on the A1 thin film 29 as indicated by a dashed line. If the thickness is increased away from the center of the incident light beam, as shown in FIG. 5, reflected light having a uniform light intensity distribution as shown by a broken line is obtained.
- the metal thin film (including the A1 thin film) 29A and the mirror substrate 28 for example, a mixture of a phthalocyanine dye and an ultraviolet curable resin is formed. It is preferable to form the light absorbing layer 29B.
- Materials for the metal thin film include Ag, Pt, Cr and the like in addition to A1.
- the reflectance distribution of the micromirrors 24A, 24B,... Corresponds to the thickness distribution of the Au thin film 27 or the metal thin film (including the A1 thin film) 29A. It is formed as follows.
- a mask (dither mask) having a pattern divided into small unit areas (for example, a square with a side of 12 ⁇ m) is used.
- a mask (dither mask) having a pattern divided into small unit areas (for example, a square with a side of 12 ⁇ m) is used.
- photomasks that enable exposure in a controlled tone and have an exposure distribution according to the processing shape.
- the Au thin film 27 or the like previously formed thick on the A1 layer 26 is subjected to normal exposure and etching processes, and the etching depth is modulated for each micromirror to a specified value. Is obtained.
- the above-mentioned film thickness distribution gives a reflectivity distribution to the micromirror array as described above, and this reflectivity distribution is, for example, such that a normal light having a light intensity of Gaussian distribution is reflected.
- the light intensity distribution of light is made uniform.
- the Au thin film and the A1 thin film are not limited to these, and any other film may be used as long as it is a reflectivity modulation film that can modulate the reflectivity depending on the film thickness.
- the SLM 30 according to the third embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 10 is formed by forming micromirrors 34A, 34B, 34C,... On a substrate 32 having a concave curved surface. Also, the microphone opening mirrors 34A, 34B, 34C,... May be formed on the convex curved surface. For these, a micromirror is formed on a flexible substrate, and then the substrate may be formed into a curved surface.
- the focal length can be further reduced.
- the reflectance distribution of the micromirrors 44A, 44B, 44C,... Is provided by adjusting the reflection area of each of the micromirrors.
- the mask plate 46 formed with the forces S is formed so as to be capable of adjusting the rotation angle around an axis parallel to the surface with respect to the surface of the micro mirror array, and the micro apertures 46A, 46B, 46C,... Have an area of / J larger than that of the micromirrors 44A, 44B, 44C,..., And these micromirrors 44A, 44B, 44C,.
- the reflection area distribution is given as described above by being parallel or inclined to the parallel plane and the angle thereof being adjusted for each micromirror.
- the relationship between the reflection area and the reflectance distribution is as follows: the incident light power passing through the micro-apertures 46A, 46B, 46C, ... when reflected by the micro-mirror 44 behind it, Since a part of the reflected light is blocked by the mask plate 46, the beam diameter of the reflected light becomes smaller with respect to the beam diameter of the incident light according to the inclination angle.
- the SLM 40 according to the fourth example of the embodiment has a force S at which the inclination angle of the mask plate 46 with respect to the micro mirror array is fixed, and the present invention is not limited to this.
- the reflection area of each micromirror that is, a substantial reflectance distribution may be obtained by changing the inclination angle.
- the SLM 50 obtains a reflectance distribution by giving the reflection area distribution of the micromirrors 54A, 54B, 54C, 54D, 54E,..., As in the case of the fourth example of the embodiment. is there.
- the micromirrors 54A, 54B, 54C,... are provided with a non-reflection area 58 around each micromirror.
- the configuration is such that mask plates 56 formed at a pitch are arranged.
- the mask plate 56 when viewed from the front on the surface of the micromirror array, .. Can be displaced (rotatable) around a central axis orthogonal to the surface so that the overlapping area of the micro apertures 56A, 56B, 56C,... With respect to the micro mirror 54 changes, whereby the micro mirrors 54A, 54B , 54C,.... Industrial potential
- the SLM Since the present invention is configured as described above, the SLM has an excellent effect that the focal length can be quickly switched or the light intensity distribution can be switched.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mechanical Light Control Or Optical Switches (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/562,929 US20060158754A1 (en) | 2003-07-15 | 2004-06-03 | Space optical modulator |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003-197081 | 2003-07-15 | ||
| JP2003197081A JP4377171B2 (ja) | 2003-07-15 | 2003-07-15 | 空間光変調器 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2005006053A1 true WO2005006053A1 (ja) | 2005-01-20 |
Family
ID=34055834
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2004/007694 Ceased WO2005006053A1 (ja) | 2003-07-15 | 2004-06-03 | 空間光変調器 |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20060158754A1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP4377171B2 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2005006053A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013157607A1 (ja) * | 2012-04-20 | 2013-10-24 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | ズームレンズ |
| JPWO2013157606A1 (ja) * | 2012-04-20 | 2015-12-21 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | ビームエクスパンダ |
Families Citing this family (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080259304A1 (en) * | 2007-04-20 | 2008-10-23 | Asml Netherlands B.V. | Lithographic apparatus and method |
| JP5690359B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-30 | 2015-03-25 | 株式会社Screenホールディングス | 撮像装置および撮像方法 |
| US10652444B2 (en) | 2012-10-30 | 2020-05-12 | California Institute Of Technology | Multiplexed Fourier ptychography imaging systems and methods |
| US9864184B2 (en) | 2012-10-30 | 2018-01-09 | California Institute Of Technology | Embedded pupil function recovery for fourier ptychographic imaging devices |
| WO2014070656A1 (en) | 2012-10-30 | 2014-05-08 | California Institute Of Technology | Fourier ptychographic imaging systems, devices, and methods |
| CA2919985A1 (en) | 2013-07-31 | 2015-02-05 | California Institute Of Technology | Aperture scanning fourier ptychographic imaging |
| AU2014308673A1 (en) | 2013-08-22 | 2016-03-03 | California Institute Of Technology | Variable-illumination Fourier ptychographic imaging devices, systems, and methods |
| US9519135B2 (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2016-12-13 | Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated | Aperture for illuminating micromirror arrays having mirror tilt axis not parallel with an array axis |
| US11468557B2 (en) | 2014-03-13 | 2022-10-11 | California Institute Of Technology | Free orientation fourier camera |
| US10162161B2 (en) | 2014-05-13 | 2018-12-25 | California Institute Of Technology | Ptychography imaging systems and methods with convex relaxation |
| CN104020562A (zh) * | 2014-05-20 | 2014-09-03 | 华侨大学 | 一种基于数字微镜器件的光束角度调制装置及方法 |
| EP3238135B1 (en) | 2014-12-22 | 2020-02-05 | California Institute Of Technology | Epi-illumination fourier ptychographic imaging for thick samples |
| CA2970063A1 (en) | 2015-01-21 | 2016-07-28 | California Institute Of Technology | Fourier ptychographic tomography |
| US9829695B2 (en) | 2015-01-26 | 2017-11-28 | California Institute Of Technology | Array level Fourier ptychographic imaging |
| EP3268769B1 (en) | 2015-03-13 | 2025-09-10 | California Institute of Technology | Correcting for aberrations in incoherent imaging system using fourier ptychographic techniques |
| US10228550B2 (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2019-03-12 | California Institute Of Technology | Laser-based Fourier ptychographic imaging systems and methods |
| JP6481564B2 (ja) * | 2015-08-25 | 2019-03-13 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 車両用灯具 |
| JP2017219330A (ja) * | 2016-06-03 | 2017-12-14 | 株式会社リコー | 分光器、分光装置及び分析装置 |
| US10568507B2 (en) | 2016-06-10 | 2020-02-25 | California Institute Of Technology | Pupil ptychography methods and systems |
| US11092795B2 (en) | 2016-06-10 | 2021-08-17 | California Institute Of Technology | Systems and methods for coded-aperture-based correction of aberration obtained from Fourier ptychography |
| WO2019090149A1 (en) | 2017-11-03 | 2019-05-09 | California Institute Of Technology | Parallel digital imaging acquisition and restoration methods and systems |
| US12198300B2 (en) | 2021-02-25 | 2025-01-14 | California Institute Of Technology | Computational refocusing-assisted deep learning |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62215226A (ja) * | 1986-03-17 | 1987-09-21 | Canon Inc | 電気機械光変調素子 |
| JP2002228952A (ja) * | 2001-02-06 | 2002-08-14 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | ミラーデバイス |
-
2003
- 2003-07-15 JP JP2003197081A patent/JP4377171B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2004
- 2004-06-03 US US10/562,929 patent/US20060158754A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-06-03 WO PCT/JP2004/007694 patent/WO2005006053A1/ja not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62215226A (ja) * | 1986-03-17 | 1987-09-21 | Canon Inc | 電気機械光変調素子 |
| JP2002228952A (ja) * | 2001-02-06 | 2002-08-14 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | ミラーデバイス |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013157607A1 (ja) * | 2012-04-20 | 2013-10-24 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | ズームレンズ |
| CN104246574A (zh) * | 2012-04-20 | 2014-12-24 | 浜松光子学株式会社 | 变焦透镜 |
| JPWO2013157606A1 (ja) * | 2012-04-20 | 2015-12-21 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | ビームエクスパンダ |
| JPWO2013157607A1 (ja) * | 2012-04-20 | 2015-12-21 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | ズームレンズ |
| US9519127B2 (en) | 2012-04-20 | 2016-12-13 | Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. | Zoom lens |
| CN104246574B (zh) * | 2012-04-20 | 2017-03-22 | 浜松光子学株式会社 | 变焦透镜 |
| US10067401B2 (en) | 2012-04-20 | 2018-09-04 | Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. | Beam expander |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP4377171B2 (ja) | 2009-12-02 |
| US20060158754A1 (en) | 2006-07-20 |
| JP2005037441A (ja) | 2005-02-10 |
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