WO2005095998A1 - 加速度を検出するセンサの横感度を計測する方法および加速度計測方法 - Google Patents
加速度を検出するセンサの横感度を計測する方法および加速度計測方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005095998A1 WO2005095998A1 PCT/JP2005/006840 JP2005006840W WO2005095998A1 WO 2005095998 A1 WO2005095998 A1 WO 2005095998A1 JP 2005006840 W JP2005006840 W JP 2005006840W WO 2005095998 A1 WO2005095998 A1 WO 2005095998A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P15/00—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
- G01P15/18—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration in two or more dimensions
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P21/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus or devices covered by the preceding groups
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for measuring lateral sensitivity of a sensor for detecting acceleration and a method for measuring acceleration, and the field of the technology to which the present invention belongs is a field in which measurement of motion is indispensable, for example, vehicle collision safety, Automotive suspension control, mouth pots, transportation equipment, nuclear power generation related equipment, ships, aerospace equipment, information equipment, measurement of response to human body vibration, and measurement of acceleration in environmental vibration.
- the acceleration mentioned here includes not only translational acceleration but also angular acceleration and angular velocity.
- a multi-axis sensor that detects translational acceleration and angular acceleration at the same time is simply called a ⁇ -axis acceleration sensor, whereas a multi-axis sensor that detects translational acceleration and angular velocity at the same time uses ⁇ -axis motion.
- ⁇ means number of axes.
- Accelerometers and inertial sensors are known as sensors for detecting acceleration.
- a semiconductor accelerometer including a gyro function and an angular acceleration measuring function is also targeted.
- the sensor for detecting acceleration will be described using the term “accelerometer sensor” .
- Figure 1 shows the currently widely used calibration method of accelerometer sensor. . In terms of international standards, this is the method described in ISO16063-11, IS05347 parti.
- Figure 2 shows a method for measuring the lateral sensitivity described in IS05347 Partll.
- a single-ended uniaxial acceleration sensor (accelerometer) 1 is used for a uniaxial vibration table 2 that generates a translational motion.
- the direction of motion of the uniaxial shaking table 2 is matched with the sensitivity axis of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 1, and the motion of the attached table is measured with a laser interferometer (not shown).
- the result measured by the laser interferometer is compared with the output of the acceleration sensor 1 for calibration.
- a single-ended accelerometer is an accelerometer that has only one mounting surface.
- a double-ended accelerometer is a calibration accelerometer that has two mounting surfaces and can be back-to-pack coupled.
- the double-ended uniaxial acceleration sensor (accelerometer) 3 is mounted on the table of the uniaxial shaking table 2, and the direction of motion of the uniaxial shaking table and the sensitivity axis of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 3 are matched.
- the movement of the attached table is measured by a laser interferometer, and the result of measurement by the laser interferometer is compared with the output of the acceleration sensor 3 for calibration.
- This also functions as a primary calibration method.
- the sensitivity axis of the double-ended reference acceleration sensor 3 calibrated by the method of Fig.
- the reference accelerometer 3 is compared with the output of the accelerometer 1 to be calibrated by moving the robot in accordance with the axis of the motion direction. This serves as a secondary calibration method.
- the method shown in Fig. 1D is the primary calibration method of the acceleration sensor for detecting angular acceleration corresponding to the method shown in Fig. 1A.
- Reference numeral 25 denotes a uniaxial vibration table that generates vibration angular acceleration.
- the disk-shaped table 25a rotationally vibrates relative to the main body 25b in the direction of the double-headed arrow in the figure.
- the acceleration sensor for detecting angular acceleration (angular acceleration sensor) 26 is a uniaxial vibration table 25 that generates vibration angular acceleration.
- the table 25a of the table 25 has a center axis (this center axis coincides with the sensitivity axis). 2 5 a Mount so that it is centered and perpendicular to table 25a.
- the optical diffraction grating is formed on the side surface of the table 25a.
- Laser light from a laser interferometer for measuring the vibration angular acceleration of the table 25a is applied horizontally to the optical diffraction grating on the periphery of the table 25a.
- a vibration angular acceleration is applied to the angular acceleration sensor 26 around the sensitivity axis, and the angular acceleration sensor 26 is detected by a change in reflected light of the laser beam applied to the optical diffraction grating of the table 25a.
- Primary calibration is performed by comparing the vibration angular acceleration that is output with the output signal of the angular acceleration sensor 26 to be calibrated.
- a vibration acceleration (indicated by arrow 4 in the figure) is applied in a plane perpendicular to the sensitivity axis of acceleration sensor 1 that detects translational acceleration.
- Lateral sensitivity is obtained by normalizing the obtained sensitivity with the spindle sensitivity.
- ⁇ ⁇ (the angle between the direction of the marking 5 attached to the reference position of the acceleration sensor 1 and the direction of the vibration acceleration 4 in a plane perpendicular to the sensitivity axis of the acceleration sensor 1) is changed to change the lateral sensitivity.
- the value of the lateral sensitivity when the minimum value is obtained and the angle ⁇ nin at that time are defined. Yes.
- in IS05347- 11: 1993 Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock pick-ups-Part 11: Testing of transverse vibration sensitivity the number of transverse sensitivity parameters is one. Disclosure of the invention
- the accelerometer Z accelerometer is a device that measures acceleration, as taught by elementary physics, and as described in the standard.
- the acceleration is a vector quantity.
- the method shown in Fig. 1 is not a vector calibration. The reason is that a vector is a quantity having a magnitude and a direction, whereas the method shown in Fig. 1 gives direction information to the acceleration sensor from the beginning. Nevertheless, in the international comparison using translational vibration acceleration performed by the International Bureau of Metrology, the method shown in Fig.
- Measuring acceleration means measuring the magnitude and direction as long as the physical quantity called acceleration is a vector.
- accelerometers are devices that measure acceleration, as described in ISO2041 vibration and shock-vocabulary. Therefore, in the method shown in Fig. 2, since the number of parameters is one, it is not possible to measure the size and direction. Can not.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring the sensitivity of a sensor for detecting acceleration as a vector and an acceleration measuring method which solve the above-mentioned problems with respect to both translational vibration acceleration and vibration angular acceleration. .
- One aspect of the present invention is to apply a vibration acceleration by the vibrating table to at least one sensor that detects acceleration, which is fixed via a jig on a uniaxial vibrating table that generates motion, and is obtained by the application. Based on the measured output value of the sensor and the measured value of the acceleration input to the sensor obtained by measurement by a measuring device independent of the sensor at the time of the application.
- a method of calculating the lateral sensitivity which is one of the following, wherein the jig is adjusted, and a coordinate axis of a coordinate system of a space defining an input acceleration to the sensor is made to coincide with the direction of the vibration. Wherein the application is performed.
- another embodiment of the present invention provides a sensor, which is fixed via a jig on a uniaxial vibration table that generates translational motion and detects translational acceleration, rotational angular velocity, and at least one of rotational angular acceleration.
- the acceleration value of the sensor obtained by the application, and the measured value of the input acceleration to the sensor obtained by measurement by a measuring device independent of the sensor at the time of the application.
- a method of calculating a lateral sensitivity which is one of elements of a sensitivity matrix of the sensor, based on a three-axis orthogonal coordinate system of a space defining an input acceleration to the sensor by adjusting the jig.
- the application is performed in a state where a coordinate axis is aligned with the direction of the vibration.
- another aspect of the present invention is to apply a vibration acceleration to the at least one sensor for detecting acceleration, which is fixed via a jig on a uniaxial vibration table that generates a rotational vibration motion, by the vibration table,
- the cell obtained by the application Based on the output value of the sensor and the measured value of the input acceleration to the sensor obtained by measuring by a measuring device independent of the sensor at the time of the application, the horizontal value which is one of the elements of the sensitivity matrix of the sensor.
- a method of calculating sensitivity comprising: adjusting the jig so that a coordinate axis of a coordinate system of a space defining an input acceleration to the sensor coincides with a direction of a rotation axis of the vibration; Is performed.
- another embodiment of the present invention provides a sensor, which is fixed via a jig on a uniaxial vibration table that generates a rotational vibration motion and detects translational acceleration and at least one of a rotational angular velocity and a rotational angular acceleration.
- a sensor which is fixed via a jig on a uniaxial vibration table that generates a rotational vibration motion and detects translational acceleration and at least one of a rotational angular velocity and a rotational angular acceleration.
- To the output value of the sensor obtained by the application and the measured value of the input acceleration to the sensor obtained by measuring by the measuring device independent of the sensor at the time of the application.
- a method of calculating a lateral sensitivity which is one of elements of a sensitivity matrix of the sensor, based on a three-axis orthogonal coordinate system of a space defining an input acceleration to the sensor by adjusting the jig.
- the application is performed in a state where a coordinate axis is aligned
- another aspect of the present invention relates to at least one sensor for detecting acceleration, which is one of elements of a sensitivity matrix of a sensor for detecting acceleration based on lateral sensitivities measured by the above two methods. It is characterized by calculating the sensitivity.
- another aspect of the present invention relates to a sensor for detecting a translational acceleration and at least one of a rotational angular velocity and a rotational angular acceleration, wherein the sensor detects the acceleration based on the lateral sensitivities measured by the above two methods. It is characterized by calculating the lateral sensitivity, which is one of the elements of the sensitivity matrix.
- a casing of the sensor has a plane perpendicular to two or more coordinate axes of a coordinate system of a space defining input acceleration to the sensor. It can be.
- the measuring device may include a laser interferometer that irradiates a laser to the surface of the sensor.
- the senor may have a casing of the sensor having an irradiation surface formed on a plane including a rotation axis of the sensor or on a plane parallel to the rotation axis.
- the measuring device may include a laser interferometer that irradiates two points on the irradiation surface of the sensor with a laser.
- the senor may have a casing of the sensor having a diffraction grating around a rotation axis of the sensor.
- the measuring device may be provided at two positions on the irradiation surface of the sensor. It may include a laser interferometer that emits a laser.
- the shaking table generates the direction of the motion detected by the acceleration sensor to be calibrated using the jig.
- the horizontal sensitivity between the coordinate axis of the motion application direction by the shaking table and the coordinate axis of the input acceleration corresponding to the output signal of the acceleration sensor can be determined by setting the vertical direction. For example, if the Z-axis direction of the acceleration sensor is set to the direction of the motion of the uniaxial shaking table using the jig, and the output signal of interest of the acceleration sensor is made to correspond to the X-axis input acceleration signal, the external measurement device can be used to determine the Z value.
- the lateral sensitivity between the Z-axis input and the X-axis output can be obtained.
- the X-axis input signal is originally designed to be sensitive to translational motion or rotational motion
- translational motion in the Z-axis direction or rotational motion around the Z-axis is performed. It may be applied.
- the vibration angular acceleration is applied around the Z axis
- the X axis is originally designed to detect translational vibration acceleration
- the horizontal axis indicates how much the unexpected rotational motion is affected. Sensitivity is required I will get over.
- N component of acceleration is obtained by combining N (N: an integer of 2 or more) sensors for detecting acceleration
- any one of the above methods is applied to the output of each sensor to each of the sensors.
- the output of the sensor is determined based on the main axis sensitivity and the lateral sensitivity of the sensor obtained by applying any of the above methods to the sensor.
- acceleration detection accuracy can be improved.
- the sensitivity matrix is defined as follows. First, in order to measure acceleration as a vector, it is necessary to consider the mathematical definition of an acceleration sensor.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the mathematical definition of the function of the acceleration sensor.
- the mathematical function of the accelerometer Z accelerometer is to project a set of accelerations (vector space), which are vectors in the actual motion space, to a set of accelerations (vector space) represented by electric signals. It is. Projecting a vector space into a vector space is mathematically a matrix as long as linearity is assumed, so the sensitivity that physically represents the rate of transformation must be a matrix. Therefore, the sensor that detects acceleration can be correctly calibrated by obtaining all the components of the matrix representing the sensitivity.
- the dimension is important in vector space.
- the dimension is the maximum value of the number of linearly independent vectors existing in space.
- the dimension of the vector space of the actual motion and the dimension of the vector space of the acceleration signal represented by the electric signal are Not necessarily equal.
- Calibration using a shaking table is nothing less than determining the sensitivity of the acceleration sensor to be calibrated using the vector space generated by the shaking table instead of the vector space of the actual motion. Therefore, it is physically meaningful to set the dimension of the vector space generated by the shaking table larger than the dimension of the vector space of the actual motion.
- an acceleration sensor that is designed to detect XYZ three-dimensional translational acceleration in a three-dimensional XYZ translation and a six-dimensional vector space around the X, Y, and Z axes is an idea.
- the meaning is to estimate the error that the angular acceleration that is out of the fixed range has on the detection of the translational acceleration.
- the present invention also addresses this case.
- the sensitivity matrix is a square matrix. If the dimension of the vector space generated by the shaking table is larger than the number of axes, the sensitivity matrix will not be a square matrix. Determining the sensitivity matrix in a form that is not a square matrix relates to the certainty of the dimensions of the vector space to be measured, and ultimately affects the estimation of measurement uncertainty. There is something. This is a problem that is deeply related to the quality of the measurement target.
- the matrix sensitivity when the dimension of the actual motion vector space is equal to the number of axes of the acceleration sensor is described below.
- the sensitivity matrix is defined by the following matrix. x ⁇ S xz J
- the output axis is the X-axis, and is the X-axis output for the X-axis input (that is, the direction of the acceleration is the X-axis direction.
- It represents the ratio of the force (that is, the output of the acceleration sensor; the same applies to the following). Therefore, while the sensitivity is the main axis sensitivity, the represents the ratio of the X-axis output to the Y-axis input, so the lateral sensitivity is represented by Z It is a lateral sensitivity because it shows the ratio of the X-axis output to the axis input.
- the sensitivity matrix is defined by the following matrix.
- the output axis is the X axis for the first axis and the Y axis for the second axis.
- the first axis represents the ratio of the X-axis output to the X-axis input, so is the main axis sensitivity, whereas represents the ratio of the X-axis output to the Y-axis input, so the lateral sensitivity, Sxz is It is the lateral sensitivity because it represents the ratio of the X-axis output to the Z-axis input.
- the second axis represents the ratio of the Y-axis output to the X-axis input, so is the lateral sensitivity, whereas represents the ratio of the Y-axis output to the Y-axis input, so is the main axis sensitivity, and is the Z-axis input. It is the lateral sensitivity because it represents the ratio of the Y-axis output to.
- the sensitivity matrix is defined by the following matrix.
- the output axis is the X axis for the first axis, the Y axis for the second axis, and the Z axis for the third axis.
- the first axis represents the ratio of the X-axis output to the X-axis input, and thus represents the main axis sensitivity, whereas represents the ratio of the X-axis output to the Y-axis input, so the lateral sensitivity, Sxz is This is the lateral sensitivity because it represents the ratio of the X-axis output to the Z-axis input.
- the second axis represents the ratio of the Y-axis output to the X-axis input, so is the lateral sensitivity, whereas represents the ratio of the Y-axis output to the Y-axis input, so is the main axis sensitivity, and is the ratio to the Z-axis input. It is the lateral sensitivity because it represents the ratio of the Y-axis output.
- the third axis represents the ratio of the Z-axis output to the X-axis input, so is the lateral sensitivity, and represents the ratio of the Z-axis output to the Y-axis input, which is the lateral sensitivity, whereas is the Z-axis. It is the main axis sensitivity because it represents the ratio of the Z-axis output to the input.
- the sensitivity matrix is defined by the following matrix.
- the first axis is the X axis
- the second axis is the Y axis
- the third axis is the Z axis
- the fourth axis is the p axis.
- the first axis represents the ratio of the X-axis output to the X-axis input, and thus represents the main axis sensitivity
- the lateral sensitivity is It is the lateral sensitivity because it represents the ratio of the X-axis output to the Z-axis input
- is the lateral sensitivity because it represents the ratio of the X-axis output to the 13-axis input.
- the second axis represents the ratio of the Y-axis output to the X-axis input, which is the lateral sensitivity
- s yy represents the ratio of the Y-axis output to the Y-axis input
- the principal axis sensitivity is Since the ratio of the Y-axis output to the input is shown, the lateral sensitivity and. Represents the ratio of the Y-axis output to the p-axis input. Sensitivity.
- Relation to the third axis is cross sensitivity since represents the percentage of Z-axis output to the X axis input, whereas are cross sensitivity since represents the percentage of Z-axis output to the Y-axis input, s a is Z
- the main axis sensitivity represents the ratio of the Z-axis output to the axis input
- the horizontal sensitivity represents the ratio of the Z-axis output to the axis input.
- the fourth axis represents the ratio of the p-axis output to the X-axis input, so represents the lateral sensitivity, represents the ratio of the p-axis output to the ⁇ -axis input, so represents the lateral sensitivity, and represents the ratio of the P-axis output to the Z-axis input. Therefore, the lateral sensitivity, and represents the ratio of the P-axis output to the axis input, and is the main axis sensitivity.
- the sensitivity matrix is defined by the following matrix.
- the output axis is the X axis for the first axis, the Y axis for the second axis, the Z axis for the third axis, the p axis for the fourth axis, and the Q axis for the fifth axis.
- I have.
- the first axis represents the ratio of the X-axis output to the X-axis input, and therefore represents the main axis sensitivity, whereas represents the ratio of the X-axis output to the Y-axis input, so Sxz is the Z axis.
- the lateral sensitivity which represents the ratio of the X-axis output to the axis input, represents the lateral sensitivity because represents the ratio of the X-axis output to the p-axis input, and the lateral sensitivity represents the ratio of the X-axis output to the q-axis input.
- the second axis represents the ratio of the Y-axis output to the X-axis input, so is the lateral sensitivity, whereas represents the ratio of the Y-axis output to the Y-axis input, so is the main axis sensitivity, and is the ratio to the Z-axis input.
- the horizontal sensitivity represents the ratio of Y-axis output, and the horizontal sensitivity represents the ratio of Y-axis output to p-axis input.
- Sensitivity represents the ratio of the Y-axis output to the Q-axis input, and is therefore the lateral sensitivity.
- the third axis represents the ratio of the ⁇ -axis output to the X-axis input, so is the lateral sensitivity, and represents the ratio of the ⁇ -axis output to the ⁇ -axis input, which is the lateral sensitivity, whereas is the ⁇ ⁇ -axis input.
- ⁇ It is the main axis sensitivity because it shows the ratio of the axis output
- Szp is the horizontal sensitivity because it shows the ratio of the Z axis output to the P axis input, and is the horizontal sensitivity because it shows the ratio of the Z axis output to the Q axis input.
- 5 ⁇ represents the ratio of the P-axis output to the X-axis input, and thus the lateral sensitivity, represents the ratio of the P-axis output to the Y-axis input, and represents the lateral sensitivity.
- the ratio represents the lateral sensitivity
- 3 ⁇ 4 represents the ratio of the p-axis output to the axis input, so the main axis sensitivity
- 5 ⁇ 9 represents (the ratio of the P-axis output to the one-axis input, so it is the lateral sensitivity.
- the horizontal sensitivity represents the ratio of the q-axis output to the axis input
- the main axis sensitivity represents the ratio of the q-axis output to the q-axis input.
- the sensitivity matrix is defined by the following matrix, assuming that the output axis of the acceleration sensor is six and the dimension of the vector space generated by the shaking table is six.
- the output axis is the first axis
- the X axis is the second axis
- the second axis is the Y axis
- the third axis is the Z axis
- the fourth axis is the p axis
- the fifth axis is the Q axis
- the sixth axis is the r-axis.
- the axis of represents the ratio of the X-axis output to the X-axis input, so is the main axis sensitivity, whereas represents the ratio of the X-axis output to the Y-axis input, so the lateral sensitivity, and Sxz is the Z-axis
- the horizontal sensitivity which represents the ratio of the X-axis output to the input, represents the horizontal sensitivity because represents the ratio of the X-axis output to the P-axis input, and the horizontal sensitivity represents the ratio of the X-axis output to the QL-axis input, and the r-axis This is the lateral sensitivity because it represents the ratio of the X-axis output to the input.
- the second axis represents the ratio of the Y-axis output to the X-axis input, which is the lateral sensitivity
- s yy represents the ratio of the Y-axis output to the Y-axis input
- the main axis sensitivity s Since yz represents the ratio of the Y-axis output to the Z-axis input, the lateral sensitivity, represents the ratio of the Y-axis output to the p-axis input, so the lateral sensitivity, and represents the ratio of the Y-axis output to the q-axis input, so the lateral sensitivity is It is a lateral sensitivity because it represents the ratio of the Y-axis output to the r-axis input.
- the third axis represents the ratio of the Z-axis output to the X-axis input, and is therefore the lateral sensitivity.
- Szz represents the ratio of the Z-axis output to the Z-axis input
- Szz represents the ratio of the Z-axis output to the Z-axis input
- Szp is the ratio of the Z-axis output to the p-axis input.
- Represents the lateral sensitivity represents the ratio of the Z-axis output to the q-axis input, so represents the lateral sensitivity, and represents the ratio of the r-axis input to the Z-axis output, and is therefore the lateral sensitivity.
- the fourth axis represents the ratio of the p-axis output to the X-axis input, so represents the lateral sensitivity, represents the ratio of the p-axis output to the Y-axis input, and represents the lateral sensitivity, and represents the ratio of the p-axis output to the Z-axis input.
- the lateral sensitivity represents the ratio of the p-axis output to the p-axis input, and thus represents the main axis sensitivity, represents the ratio of the q-axis input to the P-axis output, and represents the lateral sensitivity, and represents the ratio of the r-axis input to the ratio of the p-axis output. Therefore, it is lateral sensitivity.
- the fifth axis represents the ratio of the q-axis output to the X-axis input, so represents the lateral sensitivity, represents the ratio of the Q-axis output to the ⁇ -axis input, and represents the lateral sensitivity, and z represents the ratio of the Q-axis output to the Z-axis input.
- 3 ⁇ 4 represents the ratio of the q-axis output to the P-axis input, so represents the lateral sensitivity, represents the ratio of the Q-axis output to the Q-axis input, and represents the main axis sensitivity, and represents the Q-axis output to the ⁇ -axis input. Since it represents the ratio of force, it is lateral sensitivity.
- the lateral sensitivity represents the ratio of the r-axis output to the Y-axis input
- the lateral sensitivity so represents the r-axis output to the Z-axis input.
- the horizontal sensitivity which represents the ratio of r-axis output to the axis input
- the horizontal sensitivity which represents the ratio of the r-axis output to the q-axis input, and represents the ratio of the r-axis output to the r-axis input. This is the main axis sensitivity.
- the diagonal component is obtained using the input of the translational acceleration or angular acceleration in each of the x, y, z, p, q, and r directions and the output signal from the output terminal. , Not mentioned here. It should be noted that the number of degrees of freedom of translational acceleration detection and the number of rotation angular acceleration detections among the number of axes are not predetermined. It is important that a 4-axis acceleration sensor can have three degrees of freedom for detecting rotational angular acceleration and one degree of freedom for detecting translational angular acceleration. As long as there is a degree of freedom to detect even one translational acceleration, there is a lateral sensitivity characteristic, and there is a lateral sensitivity that expresses it. According to the present invention, the lateral sensitivity can be obtained without using an expensive device.
- the matrix sensitivity of a sensor that detects acceleration can be measured using a simple uniaxial shaking table and a jig.
- the matrix sensitivity is defined by the following equation.
- the absolute value of the acceleration as an output signal is ⁇ ma, while the acceleration input X component, ⁇ component, and ⁇ component in the (1, 1, 1) direction are Considering the matrix sensitivity taking into account the lateral sensitivity ⁇ , the absolute value of the acceleration as an output signal is (1 + 2.) Conversely, if we consider this in reverse, it is correctly measured as an input signal of ir / (l + 2 £ ) The signal to be done is recognized as, / 5r
- a piezoelectric acceleration sensor usually has a lateral sensitivity of 2 to 3%, and a lateral sensitivity of 3% results in a measurement error of 6%.
- the compulsory standards include automobile occupant safety standards (compulsory regulations in various countries including Japan, equivalent to the US standard FMVSS201 standard), human body vibration standards ISO8041, 2631-1, 2631-2, 2631-3, 2631-4, 2631 -5 etc. No.
- test machines that generate motion (for example, vibration generators) will be improved.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a method of calibrating an accelerometer / acceleration sensor.
- FIG. 2 illustrates the method described in IS05347 Part 11.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the mathematical definition of the function of the acceleration sensor.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating each example of an acceleration sensor and an acceleration vector.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing one mode of attaching a uniaxial acceleration sensor to a cubic block.
- Figure 6 shows an example of mounting a uniaxial acceleration sensor on a cubic block.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a mode of fixing the uniaxial acceleration sensor to the uniaxial vibration table when measuring the main shaft sensitivity of the uniaxial acceleration sensor.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing an example of an input acceleration signal to the uniaxial acceleration sensor.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing an example of an output signal from the uniaxial acceleration sensor 5.
- FIG. 10 is a simplified view showing another mode of attaching the uniaxial acceleration sensor to the cubic block.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram schematically showing still another mode of attaching a uniaxial acceleration sensor to a cubic block.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing one mode of attaching the semiconductor acceleration sensor to the cubic block.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing another mode of attaching the semiconductor acceleration sensor to the cubic block.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing still another mode of attaching the semiconductor acceleration sensor to the cubic block.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating another example of the acceleration sensor.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating still another example of the acceleration sensor.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an example of the structure of the casing of the sensor.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating the structure of another sensor.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating the structure of still another sensor.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a mode of fixing the uniaxial angular acceleration sensor to the uniaxial shaking table that generates the vibration angular acceleration when measuring the main shaft sensitivity of the uniaxial angular acceleration sensor.
- Figure 21 shows another mounting of a uniaxial angular acceleration sensor on a cubic block. It is a figure which shows a mode in a simplified form.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing a further simplified form of attachment of the uniaxial angular acceleration sensor to the cubic block.
- the acceleration sensors shown in FIGS. 4A to 4D are used.
- Fig. 4A shows one uniaxial acceleration sensor 5 attached to one side of a cubic block 6 as a jig.
- FIG. 4B shows two uniaxial acceleration sensors 5 attached to two surfaces of a cubic block 6 as a jig, respectively.
- Fig. 4C shows three uniaxial acceleration sensors 5 mounted on three surfaces of a cubic block 6 as a jig, respectively.
- Fig. 4D shows a semiconductor accelerometer (including those that include a gyro function and an angular acceleration measurement function), which is also attached to one surface of a cubic block as a jig.
- each surface of the cubic block to which each sensor is attached is as shown in Fig. 5 or 6, and is common to each sensor.
- Fig. 4E shows the coordinate axes (X, Y, and Z axes orthogonal to each other) of the spatial coordinate system that defines the input acceleration for the acceleration sensors in Figs. 4A to 4D, and the acceleration 10 in the coordinate axis direction. It shows the state of disassembly.
- a typical piezoelectric accelerometer as a uniaxial acceleration sensor 5 has a shape as shown in Fig. 5, and the screw part provided at the lower end is screwed and fixed to one surface of a cubic block 6 as a jig.
- the uniaxial acceleration sensor 5 is mounted on a cubic block 6.
- the cubic block 6 used shall have sufficient shape accuracy and surface accuracy. In this state, the acceleration sensor 5
- the direction of the sensitivity axis is perpendicular to the mounting surface '6a of the cubic block 6 to which it is fixed.
- the relationship between the output axis (primary sensitivity axis) of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 5, two axes orthogonal to this output axis, and the coordinate axes (X, ⁇ , Z axes) of the space system that defines the input acceleration is as follows. Defined as follows. That is, the main sensitivity axis direction, which is the output axis of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 5, is defined as the Z axis. Therefore, one of the two axes orthogonal to the output axis (Z axis) is set to the axis orthogonal to the Z axis and orthogonal to the other surface 6 b orthogonal to the mounting surface 6 a of the cubic block 6.
- the other axis which can be defined as the coincident axis, i.e. the X axis, the other axis being orthogonal to the Z axis and orthogonal to the mounting surface 6a and the other surface 6b of the cubic block 6
- An axis orthogonal to 6c, that is, the Y axis can be defined.
- the maximum value and the minimum value of the lateral sensitivity data such as the above-mentioned IS05347Part tll in the uniaxial acceleration sensor 5 and the angle "" at that time are obtained, that is, Regardless of the position where the maximum and minimum values of the lateral sensitivity data are obtained, it is only necessary to attach and fix the uniaxial acceleration sensor 5 to the cubic block 6 (the same applies to the following example).
- the main sensitivity axis of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 5 Z axis
- the direction of vibration of the table 12 of the shaking table match.
- the cubic block 6 and the uniaxial acceleration sensor 5 attached thereto are vibrated in the Z-axis direction among the coordinate axes of the coordinate system of the space that defines the input acceleration.
- the other side 6 b of the cubic block 6 is mounted and fixed on the table 12 of the shaking table 1 1, the X-axis of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 5 and the direction of vibration of the table 12 of the shaking table match.
- the cubic block 6 and the uniaxial acceleration sensor 5 attached to it are vibrated in the direction of the X axis of the coordinate axes of the coordinate system of the space that defines the input acceleration. . Furthermore, when the other surface 6c of the cubic block 6 is attached and fixed on the table 12 surface of the shaking table 11, the direction of vibration of the Y axis of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 5 and the table 12 of the shaking table match. Then, the cubic block 6 and the uniaxial acceleration sensor 5 attached thereto are vibrated in the Y-axis direction among the coordinate axes of the coordinate system of the space defining the input acceleration.
- the shape of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 5 may be simplified and drawn as a cylinder as shown in FIG.
- ⁇ indicates the direction of the spindle sensitivity axis of the acceleration sensor 5.
- FIG. 7 shows the manner in which the uniaxial acceleration sensor 5 is fixed to the uniaxial vibration table 11 when measuring the main axis sensitivity of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 5, and the uniaxial vibration sensor 11 is mounted on a table 12 above the uniaxial vibration table 11.
- the table 12 is flat, and as shown in FIG. 7, the table 12 vibrates in the vertical direction (indicated by an arrow in the figure) with the table 12 installed horizontally.
- the surface on the opposite side (back side) of the mounting surface 6 a of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 5 of the cubic block 6 was fixed to the table 12.
- the Z-axis direction of the coordinate axis of the coordinate system of the space defining the input acceleration coincides with the vibration direction of the table 12 of the shaking table, and in this state, the table 12 of the shaking table is vibrated. Let me do it.
- the motion acceleration of the table 12 is the input acceleration to the uniaxial acceleration sensor 5.
- the motion of table 12 is measured independently by a laser interferometer or a measuring device such as a more accurate acceleration sensor.
- the measurement of the input acceleration to the uniaxial acceleration sensor 5 can be obtained as described later besides independently measuring the movement of the table surface.
- the output signal indicating the measurement result from the uniaxial acceleration sensor 5 and the signal indicating the measurement result of the measurement device that independently measures the movement of the surface of the table 12 are: (For example, a computer), and the arithmetic unit performs an operation as described later to obtain a lateral sensitivity matrix (the same applies to all examples described below).
- the input acceleration signal to the uniaxial acceleration sensor 5 that is, a measurement signal from a laser interferometer that directly measures the surface of the table 12 or a measurement device such as a more accurate acceleration sensor
- a graph showing the relationship with the output signal from the sensor 5 is, for example, as shown in FIGS.
- the vertical axis in FIG. 8 represents the acceleration input to the uniaxial acceleration sensor 5 and is expressed in units of meter / (second ⁇ second).
- the vertical axis in FIG. Indicates output and is a unit of voltage.
- the horizontal axis in FIGS. 8 and 9 is time, and the start timings in both figures coincide.
- the input acceleration is represented by exp t
- the output signal of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 5 is fl .
- the main axis sensitivity (of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 5 is defined by the following equation.
- the meaning of the subscript of S is the same as that in the definition of the sensitivity matrix described above, and the first subscript (here, z) is an axis that matches the coordinate axis of the coordinate system of the space that defines the input acceleration.
- Means the direction of the output axis of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 5 (here, Z axis), and the following suffix (here, z) is the vibration of the axis of the uniaxial acceleration sensor fixed to the table of the uniaxial vibration table. This means an axis that coincides with the vibration (excitation) direction of the table (the same applies to the subscript of S). Since the phase lag and the decrease in sensitivity are included in the term, the sensitivity is a complex number.
- a uniaxial acceleration sensor is attached to the table 12 of the shaking table 11.
- the surface 6b of the cubic block 6 to which the uniaxial acceleration sensor 5 was attached was fixed so that the direction of the X axis defined for 5 coincided with the direction of vibration of the table 12 of the shaking table.
- the table 12 of the shaking table is vibrated.
- the transverse sensitivity S a determines the transverse sensitivity S a. That is,
- the lateral sensitivity is a complex number as a function of angular frequency.
- the direction of the ⁇ axis defined with respect to the uniaxial acceleration sensor 5 in the table 12 of the shaking table 11 coincides with the direction of vibration of the table 12 of the shaking table.
- the mounting surface 6c of the cubic block 6 to which the uniaxial acceleration sensor 5 was mounted was fixed.
- the table 12 of the shaking table is vibrated.
- the lateral sensitivity> ⁇ is obtained based on the measurement result from the uniaxial acceleration sensor 5 and the measurement result of the measuring device that independently measures the movement of the surface of the table 12. That is,
- Input acceleration% The output signal of the acceleration sensor 5 is represented by. If expressed as z cp (j m t), the sensitivity of the acceleration sensor in the matrix sensitivity is defined by the following equation. a ; exp (iyi)
- the lateral sensitivity is a complex number as a function of angular frequency.
- the two uniaxial acceleration sensors 5 and 7 are mounted and fixed on the mounting surfaces 6a and 6b of the cubic block 6, respectively.
- the direction of the main sensitivity axis of the acceleration sensor 5 is orthogonal to the mounting surface 6a of the cubic block 6 to which it is fixed
- the direction of the main sensitivity axis of the acceleration sensor 7 is that of the cubic block 6 to which it is fixed. It is perpendicular to the mounting surface 6b.
- the uniaxial acceleration sensor 5 is the same as FIG. 4A described above, and the main sensitivity axis direction, which is the output axis of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 7, is defined as the X axis, and the two axes are orthogonal to the X axis.
- the axis that is orthogonal to the X axis and coincides with the axis that is orthogonal to the mounting surface 6c of the cubic block 6 is the Y axis, and is also orthogonal to the X axis and the mounting surface 6a of the cubic block 6a.
- the axis orthogonal to is defined as the Z axis. Therefore, the relationship between the X, ⁇ , and Z axes of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 5 and the direction of vibration of the table 12 of the shaking table is the same as in the above-described example. (And the lateral sensitivity (and ( ⁇ ) can be obtained.
- the surface opposite to the mounting surface 6b of the cubic block 6 is attached and fixed on the table 1 2 surface of the shaking table 1 1 so that the main sensitivity axis (X axis) of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 7 and the shaking table are fixed.
- the main axis sensitivity ⁇ () of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 7 can be obtained by vibrating in the X-axis direction among the coordinate axes.
- the main axis sensitivity of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 7 is defined by the following equation. o x . (1 3) Similarly, fix the mounting surface 6c of the cubic block 6 on the table 12 of the shaking table 11 and fix it so that the axis of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 7 and the table of the shaking table are fixed.
- the surface opposite to the mounting surface 6a of the cubic block 6 is attached and fixed on the table 12 surface of the shaking table 1 1 to vibrate with the Z axis of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 7.
- the table 12 of the shaking table and vibrating the cubic block 6 in a state where the directions of vibration of the table 12 of the table are matched, that is, the coordinate axes of the coordinate system of the space defining the input acceleration Of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 7 is expressed as ⁇ (; ⁇ ), and the output signal of the acceleration sensor 7 is expressed as a ox exp (ai ),
- the sensitivity (of the acceleration sensor 7 in the matrix sensitivity is defined by the following equation.
- the entire block on which accelerometer 5 and accelerometer 7 are mounted is vibrated only in the X-axis direction, and the vibration acceleration is compared with the output signal of accelerometer 7 to obtain the value.
- the entire block to which the accelerometer 5 and the accelerometer 7 are attached is vibrated only in the Y-axis direction, and the excitation acceleration is compared with the output signal of the accelerometer 7.
- the entire block to which the accelerometer 5 and the accelerometer 7 are attached is vibrated only in the Z-axis direction, and the vibration acceleration is compared with the output signal of the accelerometer 7 to obtain the value.
- the entire block to which accelerometer 5 and accelerometer 7 are attached is vibrated only in the X-axis direction, and the excitation signal is compared with the output signal of accelerometer 5 to obtain the value.
- the entire block to which the accelerometer 5 and the accelerometer 7 are attached is vibrated only in the Y-axis direction, and the excitation acceleration is compared with the output signal of the accelerometer 5.
- the entire block to which the accelerometer 5 and the accelerometer 7 are attached is vibrated only in the Z-axis direction, and the vibration acceleration and the output signal of the accelerometer 5 are compared.
- the outputs of accelerometer 5 and accelerometer 7 may be measured simultaneously.
- the three uniaxial acceleration sensors 5, 7, 8 are fixed to the mounting surfaces 6a, 6b, 6c of the cubic block 6, respectively.
- the direction of the main sensitivity axis of the acceleration sensor 5 is orthogonal to the mounting surface 6a of the cubic block 6 to which it is fixed
- the direction of the main sensitivity axis of the acceleration sensor 7 is
- the direction of the main sensitivity axis of the acceleration sensor 8 is orthogonal to the mounting surface 6c of the cubic block 6 to which it is fixed.
- the uniaxial acceleration sensors 5 and 7 are the same as in FIG. 4B described above.
- the main sensitivity axis direction which is the output axis of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 8 is defined as the Y axis, and the two axes orthogonal to the Y axis are defined.
- the X and Z axes which are orthogonal to the Y axis and coincide with the axis orthogonal to the mounting surface 6 of the cubic block 6, the X axis is defined as the X axis.
- the axis orthogonal to a was defined as the Z axis.
- the relationship between the X, ⁇ , and Z axes of the uniaxial acceleration sensors 5 and 7 and the direction of vibration of the table 12 of the shaking table is the same as in the above-described example. 5 and the lateral sensitivity (and (and the uniaxial acceleration sensor 7) and the lateral sensitivity ( ⁇ ) and lateral sensitivity ( ⁇ ) and (» Can be
- the surface opposite to the mounting surface 6c of the cubic block 6 is mounted and fixed on the table 12 of the shaking table 11 so that the main sensitivity axis (Y axis) of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 8 is By vibrating the table 12 of the shaking table to vibrate the cubic block 6 in a state where the directions of vibration of the table 12 of the shaking table are matched with each other, By vibrating in the direction of the Y-axis among the coordinate axes of the coordinate system, the principal axis sensitivity of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 8 can be obtained.
- the principal axis sensitivity ⁇ of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 8 is defined by the following formula.
- the input acceleration is represented by 3 ⁇ 4 exp (/ iyt), and the output signal of the acceleration sensor 8 is fl .
- y exp (/ i ⁇ t) the sensitivity of the acceleration sensor 8 in the matrix sensitivity
- the lateral sensitivity of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 8 can be determined by applying vibration in the Z-axis direction of the coordinate axes of the coordinate system of the space that defines the input acceleration.
- the input acceleration is expressed as exp (jw 8 output signal of fl. y
- the entire block to which the accelerometer 5, the accelerometer 7 and the accelerometer 8 are attached is vibrated only in the X-axis direction, and the vibration acceleration and the output signal of the accelerometer 7 are compared.
- the entire block to which the accelerometer 5, the accelerometer 7 and the accelerometer 8 are attached is vibrated only in the Y-axis direction, and the vibration acceleration is compared with the output signal of the accelerometer 7 to obtain.
- the entire block to which the accelerometer 5, the accelerometer 7 and the accelerometer 8 are attached is vibrated only in the Z-axis direction, and the vibration acceleration is compared with the output signal of the accelerometer 7 to obtain the value.
- the entire block to which the accelerometer 5, the accelerometer 7 and the accelerometer 8 are attached is vibrated only in the X-axis direction, and the vibration acceleration is compared with the output signal of the accelerometer 8 to obtain a value.
- the entire block to which the accelerometer 5, the accelerometer 7 and the accelerometer 8 are attached is vibrated only in the Z-axis direction, and the vibration acceleration is compared with the output signal of the accelerometer 8 to obtain a value.
- the entire block to which the accelerometer 5, the accelerometer 7 and the accelerometer 8 are attached is vibrated only in the X-axis direction, and the vibration acceleration is compared with the output signal of the accelerometer 5 to obtain a value.
- the entire block to which the accelerometer 5, the accelerometer 7 and the accelerometer 8 are attached is vibrated only in the Y-axis direction, and the vibration acceleration is compared with the output signal of the accelerometer 5 to obtain.
- the entire block to which the accelerometer 5, accelerometer 7 and accelerometer 8 are attached is vibrated only in the Z-axis direction, and the vibration acceleration is compared with the output signal of the accelerometer 5 to obtain a value.
- the outputs of the accelerometer 5, the accelerometer 7, and the accelerometer 8 may be measured at the same time when vibrating in the same direction.
- the semiconductor acceleration sensor 9 In the case of the semiconductor acceleration sensor 9, it cannot be regarded as a combination of an acceleration sensor having one main axis of translational acceleration. In other words, it is not possible to examine the characteristics of the uniaxial acceleration sensor and examine the matrix sensitivity based on the lateral sensitivity of each uniaxial acceleration sensor as in the case of a uniaxial acceleration sensor. It is possible.
- the main axis of sensitivity for translational acceleration is only 3 mm at the maximum. Therefore, the coordinate system that defines the input acceleration is defined as the X, Y, and Z axes.
- OX O indicates the origin of coordinates. The same applies hereinafter
- OX and OY are set as output axes.
- OX, OY, and ⁇ are output axes.
- the acceleration sensor 9 is attached to a cubic block 6 as a jig as shown in FIGS.
- the cubic block 6 is mounted and fixed on the table surface of the shaking table.
- the spindle sensitivity and the lateral sensitivity can be obtained by the following procedure.
- the output shaft (spindle sensitivity) must always be perpendicular to the plane where the excitation acceleration exists (that is, the table surface of the shaking table). That is, as shown in Fig. 12, when the ⁇ axis is perpendicular to the table surface of the shaking table, the output axis is ⁇ , and as shown in Fig. 13, when the X axis is perpendicular to the table surface of the shaking table The output shaft is ⁇ . As shown in Fig. 14, when the ⁇ axis is perpendicular to the table surface of the shaking table, the output shaft is ⁇ ⁇ .
- Sine wave excitation in the Y-axis direction and sensitivity is calculated from the X-axis output signal and excitation signal.
- the sine wave is excited in the Y-axis direction, and the sensitivity is calculated from the Y-axis output signal and the excitation signal.
- Sine wave excitation in the Z-axis direction and sensitivity is calculated from the Y-axis output signal and excitation signal.
- Sine wave is excited in the X-axis direction, and the sensitivity is calculated from the z-axis output signal and the excitation signal.
- Sine wave is excited in the Z-axis direction, and the sensitivity is calculated from the Z-axis output signal and the excitation signal.
- the lateral sensitivity for translational acceleration obtained as described above is considered, and the input / output correspondence is taken as the i-th row and j-th column component of the sensitivity matrix based on the input acceleration vector and output signal vector definition. By arranging them in the correct positions, the sensitivity matrix can be defined.
- the method for defining this sensitivity matrix is the same as that described above for ⁇ one uniaxial acceleration sensor (Fig. 4A) '' when the number of axes of the output of the semiconductor acceleration sensor 9 is one.
- the input acceleration to the uniaxial acceleration sensor can be measured by directly irradiating the laser from the laser interferometer to the uniaxial acceleration sensor.
- Some (casing) structures of the uniaxial acceleration sensor for this purpose will be described.
- the lower part of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 13 with a general structure has a nut shape for screwing and fixing to the object to be detected, and the upper part has a columnar cross section. hand Yes.
- the upper surface 13c of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 13 of this general structure is flat and orthogonal to the axis, and the laser from the laser interferometer can be irradiated here.
- a laser whose optical path coincides with one of the X, Y, and Z axes (for example, the Z axis) of the coordinate system of the space that defines the input acceleration is placed on the upper surface 13 c of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 13.
- protruding portions 13a and 13b are formed on the side surface of the cylindrical portion of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 13 so that the two protruding portions 13a and 13b are formed into flat surfaces.
- machining is performed so that the angle between these surfaces is 90 degrees (for example, cutting with sufficiently high precision), and the flat surfaces of these two protruding portions 13a and 13b are combined with the uniaxial acceleration sensor 1 It was machined so as to be orthogonal to the axis of 3. Therefore, the flat surfaces of these protruding portions 13a and 13b are vertically irradiated with laser from a laser interferometer whose optical path is aligned with the remaining two axes (X and Y axes).
- the optical paths of the lasers irradiating these protruding portions 13a and 13b and the upper surface 13c can be made to coincide with the X, Y, and Z axes with high precision. This structure can be applied when only one uniaxial acceleration sensor is used.
- a screw is formed on the side surface of the columnar section of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 14.
- An annular part 15 and a part 16 as shown in FIGS. 16B and C are screwed into these screw parts.
- the part 15 is processed so that the two sides 15a and 15b of the adjacent outer circumference become flat surfaces and the angle between these surfaces becomes 90 degrees (for example, cutting with sufficiently high precision).
- the flat surface of these two sides 15a, 15b is screwed into the columnar section of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 14 so that the flat surfaces are orthogonal to the axis of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 14. processed.
- the other part 16 is for contacting the part 15 and fixing it to the sensor 14.After determining the position around the axis of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 14 of the part 15, the position is fixed. can do.
- the upper surface 14c of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 14 is flat and orthogonal to the axis.
- the laser from the interferometer can be irradiated. According to such a structure, the input / output optical path of the laser that irradiates the upper surface 14c of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 14 vertically is one of the X, Y, and Z axes of the coordinate system of the space that defines the input acceleration.
- the uniaxial acceleration sensor 14 (For example, the Z axis), and further adjust the position of the component 15 around the axis of the uniaxial acceleration sensor 14 so that the flat sides of the two sides 15a and 15b of the component 15 are adjusted.
- the optical path of the laser from the laser interferometer, which irradiates the laser beam perpendicularly, can be matched to the remaining two axes (X, Y axes) of the space coordinate system that defines the input acceleration. Therefore, the uniaxial acceleration sensor 14 shown in FIG. 16 can be applied to a case where two or three sensors are combined as shown in FIG. 4B or 4C.
- the input acceleration is defined in each part of the outer shape if there is no restriction on its outer shape.
- the laser irradiation surface perpendicular to the X, Y, and Z axes of the coordinate system of the space to be formed can be formed. Further, a semiconductor acceleration sensor having a similar structure can be formed.
- the sensor 17 shown in Fig. 17 shows an example in which the casing has planes 17a and 17b formed on a plane including the rotation axis (in this case, the main sensitivity axis).
- the structure is such that two planes 17a and 17b can be irradiated with lasers from two laser interferometers, respectively.
- the sensor 17 is mounted via the cubic block so that its rotation axis is positioned at the center of rotation of a uniaxial vibration table (hereinafter the same applies) that generates rotational vibration motion.
- the planes 17a and 17b are set so that the distance from the rotation axis of the sensor 17 necessary for calculating the measurement value by the laser interferometer to the laser irradiation point on the planes 17a and 17b becomes clear.
- an instruction such as a scale display is provided on 17b.
- planes 17a and 17b can be formed on the side surface of the sensor 17 by, for example, cutting.
- the laser irradiation plane may be formed on a plane parallel to the rotation axis without forming the laser irradiation plane on the plane including the rotation axis.
- Figure 18 shows a sensor with such a flat structure.
- a screw is formed on the side surface of the cylindrical section of the sensor 18.
- An annular part 19 and a part 20 as shown in FIGS. 18B and 18C are screwed into this screw part.
- the part 19 is arranged so that the two sides 19 a and 19 b of the adjacent outer periphery are screwed into the sensor 18 so as to form a flat surface lying on a plane parallel to the rotation axis and between these surfaces.
- the angle was 90 degrees (for example, a cutting process with sufficiently high precision).
- the other part 20 is for contacting the part 19 and fixing it to the sensor 18, and after determining the position of the part 19 around the axis of the sensor 14, the position is determined.
- the sensor 18 is mounted via the cubic block so that the rotation axis is located at the rotation center of the uniaxial shaking table that generates the rotation motion, and the rotation motion is applied.
- the plane 18a In order to calculate the measurement value by the laser interferometer, the plane 18a , So that the geometric relationship between the laser irradiation point on the plane 18a or 18b and the axis of rotation of the sensor 18 is clear, the plane 18a, For example, an instruction such as a scale display is provided on 18 b.
- the planes 18a and 18b are thick in the direction of the main sensitivity axis of the sensor 18, and the lasers from the two laser interferometers are arranged in two stages in the direction of the main sensitivity axis of the sensor 18. Irradiation can be performed. In this case, the effects of angular velocity and angular acceleration around a rotation axis other than the main sensitivity axis of the sensor 18 can be examined.
- FIG. 19A shows a sensor 21 in which a screw is formed on the side surface of a cylindrical section, and a ring-shaped component 22 having a diffraction grating formed on the outer periphery is screwed into the screw.
- a diffraction grating 24 is formed on the side surface of the sensor 23 around the axis by cutting or the like.
- the sensor 21 or 23 having such a structure is mounted via the cubic block so that the rotation axis is located at the rotation center of the uniaxial shaking table that generates the rotation, and the rotation is applied.
- the obtained output value of the sensor 21 or 23 and the measured value of the angular velocity or angular acceleration obtained by irradiating the diffraction grating 22 or 24 with laser from the laser interferometer at the time of the application This can be referred to when calculating the lateral sensitivity of the sensor in each example described above.
- FIG. 20 shows a method of calibrating the uniaxial angular acceleration sensor corresponding to the method of calibrating the uniaxial translational acceleration sensor shown in FIG.
- Reference numeral 26 denotes an angular acceleration sensor
- reference numeral 6 denotes a mounting block
- reference numeral 27 denotes a uniaxial vibration table that generates vibration angular acceleration. It oscillates in the direction of the arrow.
- the table 28 has an optical diffraction grating formed on its side surface.
- the angular acceleration around the sensitivity axis of the angular acceleration sensor is uniaxial It is created by a platform 27, the direction of which is indicated by a double arrow.
- the optical diffraction grating on the side of the table 28 is irradiated horizontally.
- Each surface of the mounting block must have a high flatness and a perpendicularity between the surfaces so that the sensitivity axis of the angular acceleration sensor 26 is perpendicular to the mounting surface of the table. If the angular acceleration sensor 26 shown in Fig. 20 is set on the table of the uniaxial translational vibration acceleration table in the vertical direction shown in Fig. 7, the sensitivity axis and the direction of the translational acceleration match. Therefore, it is possible to measure the lateral sensitivity related to the above-described translational vibration acceleration in the sensitivity axis direction.
- the sensitivity axis of angular acceleration and angular velocity and the axis of the rotary motion of the shaking table are matched to match.
- the lateral sensitivity is physically a horizontal image, but not for rotational motion. It is the lateral sensitivity in the sense of the off-diagonal component of the sensitivity matrix.
- a rotational vibration is applied around the X-axis, which is perpendicular to the sensitivity axis of the uniaxial angular acceleration sensor or angular velocity sensor, and an output signal is obtained by applying the angular acceleration or angular velocity to measure the lateral sensitivity.
- 26 is an angular acceleration sensor
- 6 is its mounting block
- 27 is a uniaxial shaking table that generates vibration angular acceleration
- 28 is a mounting table with a diffraction grating manufactured on the side. is there.
- the angular vibration acceleration around the sensitivity axis of the angular acceleration sensor is created by the uniaxial vibration table 27, and its direction is indicated by the double-headed arrows ⁇ .
- the value of the lateral sensitivity may change depending on where the rotation axis for applying the rotational vibration motion is set. If installed in the exact same condition on the uniaxial translational vibration table shown in Fig. 10, the lateral sensitivity of the angular acceleration sensor when the translational vibration acceleration in the X-axis direction acts as the input acceleration can be measured. Rukoto can.
- the sensitivity axis of angular acceleration and angular velocity and the axis of rotary motion of the shaking table are arranged vertically.
- the sensitivity of the sensor with respect to angular acceleration or angular velocity about its axis can be determined.
- the sensor is set on a one-axis translational motion table as shown in Fig. 10 and the translational motion acceleration is applied perpendicular to the sensitivity axis for the rotational motion, so that the lateral motion of the translational motion with respect to the sensitivity axis is obtained. Sensitivity can be measured.
- the lateral sensitivity is physically a horizontal image, but this is not the case for rotational motion. It is just the lateral sensitivity in the sense of the off-diagonal component of the sensitivity matrix.
- the angular acceleration, or the sensitivity axis of angular velocity the direction of application of acceleration in the direction perpendicular to the sensitivity axis or the axis that is the center of rotation is one of the input axes to which acceleration is applied. There is no requirement that they match.
- a two-axis acceleration sensor that detects translational acceleration has an X-axis input axis and a Y-axis input axis
- measurement of sensitivity requires translational acceleration along the X-axis and translational vibration along the Y-axis.
- the lateral sensitivity may be defined by applying angular acceleration around the Z axis.
- the matrix sensitivity of the two-axis acceleration sensor was determined in a three-dimensional space, and a 2 ⁇ 3 sensitivity matrix was obtained.
- the sensitivity axis of the uniaxial angular acceleration sensor or angular velocity sensor is This figure shows a case where a rotational vibration motion is applied around the straight Y-axis, an output signal is obtained by applying angular acceleration or angular velocity, and lateral sensitivity is measured.
- Reference numeral 26 denotes an angular acceleration sensor
- reference numeral 6 denotes a mounting block
- reference numeral 27 denotes a uniaxial vibration table that generates vibration angular acceleration
- reference numeral 28 denotes a mounting table having a diffraction grating formed on a side surface.
- the angular vibration acceleration around the sensitivity axis of the angular acceleration sensor is created by the uniaxial vibration table 27, and its direction is indicated by a double-headed arrow ⁇ ⁇ . It should be noted that the value of the lateral sensitivity may change depending on where the rotation axis for applying the rotational vibration motion is set. If installed on the one-axis translational vibration table shown in Fig. 11 in exactly the same state, ⁇ Measure the lateral sensitivity of the angular acceleration sensor when the axial translational acceleration acts as input acceleration. Rukoto can.
- the direction of rotation or the axis of rotation when applying acceleration perpendicular to the sensitivity axis is one of the input axes to which acceleration is applied. They do not have to match.
- a two-axis acceleration sensor that detects translational acceleration has an X-axis input axis and a ⁇ -axis input axis
- the measurement of sensitivity is performed using the translational acceleration along the X-axis and the translational vibration along the ⁇ -axis.
- the lateral sensitivity may be defined by applying angular acceleration around the ⁇ axis.
- the matrix sensitivity of the two-axis acceleration sensor was determined in a three-dimensional space, and a 2 ⁇ 3 sensitivity matrix was obtained.
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| JP2006511901A JP4924933B2 (ja) | 2004-03-31 | 2005-03-31 | 加速度を検出するセンサを校正する方法および加速度計測方法 |
| US10/594,317 US7644602B2 (en) | 2004-03-31 | 2005-03-31 | Method of measuring transverse sensitivity of sensor for detecting acceleration and acceleration measuring method |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN100516882C (zh) * | 2007-03-09 | 2009-07-22 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | 用波形比较法进行冲击加速度传感器横向响应的测试方法 |
| WO2010055871A1 (ja) * | 2008-11-13 | 2010-05-20 | エプソントヨコム株式会社 | 姿勢検出装置の補正パラメーター作成方法、姿勢検出装置の補正パラメーター作成用装置及び姿勢検出装置 |
| JP2010117371A (ja) * | 2010-02-24 | 2010-05-27 | Epson Toyocom Corp | 姿勢検出装置 |
| WO2011083511A1 (ja) * | 2010-01-07 | 2011-07-14 | パイオニア株式会社 | 角速度センサーの検査方法および角速度センサーの検査装置 |
| JP2012233842A (ja) * | 2011-05-09 | 2012-11-29 | Tokyo Institute Of Technology | 加速度センサ特性評価方法及びプログラム |
| CN104793016A (zh) * | 2014-01-21 | 2015-07-22 | 无锡华润上华半导体有限公司 | 用于校准加速度传感器轴向的夹具、校准设备和校准方法 |
| KR20170103899A (ko) * | 2015-01-08 | 2017-09-13 | 로베르트 보쉬 게엠베하 | 관성 센서 검사 장치 및 방법 |
| JP2018115891A (ja) * | 2017-01-17 | 2018-07-26 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 加速度センサ |
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| CN100516882C (zh) * | 2007-03-09 | 2009-07-22 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | 用波形比较法进行冲击加速度传感器横向响应的测试方法 |
| WO2010055871A1 (ja) * | 2008-11-13 | 2010-05-20 | エプソントヨコム株式会社 | 姿勢検出装置の補正パラメーター作成方法、姿勢検出装置の補正パラメーター作成用装置及び姿勢検出装置 |
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| JP2010117371A (ja) * | 2010-02-24 | 2010-05-27 | Epson Toyocom Corp | 姿勢検出装置 |
| JP2012233842A (ja) * | 2011-05-09 | 2012-11-29 | Tokyo Institute Of Technology | 加速度センサ特性評価方法及びプログラム |
| CN104793016A (zh) * | 2014-01-21 | 2015-07-22 | 无锡华润上华半导体有限公司 | 用于校准加速度传感器轴向的夹具、校准设备和校准方法 |
| KR20170103899A (ko) * | 2015-01-08 | 2017-09-13 | 로베르트 보쉬 게엠베하 | 관성 센서 검사 장치 및 방법 |
| KR102398778B1 (ko) | 2015-01-08 | 2022-05-17 | 로베르트 보쉬 게엠베하 | 관성 센서 검사 장치 및 방법 |
| US10274627B2 (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2019-04-30 | Ion Geophysical Corporation | Ocean bottom seismic systems |
| US11561314B2 (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2023-01-24 | TGS-NOPEC Geophysical Corporation | Multi-axis, single mass accelerometer |
| US12019197B2 (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2024-06-25 | Tgs-Nopec Geophysical Company | Multi-axis, single mass accelerometer |
| JP2018115891A (ja) * | 2017-01-17 | 2018-07-26 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 加速度センサ |
| CN111781399A (zh) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-10-16 | 广东工业大学 | 一种用于加速传感器的仿真测试平台 |
| JP2023109353A (ja) * | 2022-01-27 | 2023-08-08 | Imv株式会社 | 加速度ピックアップ校正用治具 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP4924933B2 (ja) | 2012-04-25 |
| JPWO2005095998A1 (ja) | 2008-02-21 |
| US7644602B2 (en) | 2010-01-12 |
| US20070295087A1 (en) | 2007-12-27 |
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