WO2005095784A1 - Druckausgeglichenes, direktgesteuertes ventil - Google Patents
Druckausgeglichenes, direktgesteuertes ventil Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005095784A1 WO2005095784A1 PCT/DE2003/003723 DE0303723W WO2005095784A1 WO 2005095784 A1 WO2005095784 A1 WO 2005095784A1 DE 0303723 W DE0303723 W DE 0303723W WO 2005095784 A1 WO2005095784 A1 WO 2005095784A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- pressure
- diameter
- seat
- guide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/0012—Valves
- F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
- F02M63/0045—Three-way valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/0012—Valves
- F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
- F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/0012—Valves
- F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
- F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
- F02M63/0026—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/0012—Valves
- F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/04—Fuel-injection apparatus having means for avoiding effect of cavitation, e.g. erosion
Definitions
- injection systems are used to inject fuel, the injectors or valves of which are exposed to extremely high pressures.
- the valves in the area of diesel injection technology in particular are designed so that they can hold tight at high hydraulic pressures.
- Such diesel valves operate either according to the inward opening principle or according to the outward opening principle and are extremely fast switching. The function, which ensures a sealing hold is determined at such a diesel valves in the closed state 'by a minimum leakage and by minimal hydraulic forces acting on the valve needle.
- valve When such a valve is used for a distributor type fuel injection pump, it serves to connect a pump work space to a low pressure area through which fuel is supplied. In this way, the valve controls both the supply of fuel to the pump work space during suction and the end of injection, in which the valve, by opening, prevents further pressure from being built up in the pump work space.
- valves In the open state, however, such valves are not, or at least only partially, pressure balanced. The result of this is that pressure waves which build up when the valves are switched subsequently generate hydraulic forces on the valve needle. The switching behavior of the valve may be changed by these undefined forces, which may result in a scattering behavior in the injection quantities. In addition, the occurrence of so-called cavitation erosions is well known.
- the pressure in the pump work space is reduced, which was previously at a very high level, for example 1000-1200 bar via the valve opening to the low-pressure area, in which fuel flows out.
- valve for a fuel injection pump of the distributor type in which the cavitation effects are avoided in that the valve needle has at least one guide surface, which has at least one guide surface provided in the valve bore of the valve housing in the open state of the valve cooperates in such a way that a flow channel is formed which extends in the flow direction, starting from a minimal cross section in the area of the valve seat, expanded with a constant gradient.
- This gradient has the effect that the pressure increase is limited to a value that the flow boundary layer at this guide surface is still able to absorb without any signs of detachment of gas bubbles.
- the valve of this type is not able to completely eliminate the cavitation effects and, moreover, requires complex and detailed fluidic evaluations. In connection with this, the valve has a complicated shape, which can only be accomplished with increased costs and time.
- the invention is characterized in that the valve needle to be used has a multi-part structure, in particular in such a way that at least one sleeve is provided in the region of the guide of the valve bore of the valve on the medium pressure side.
- This sleeve is pushed onto a reduced diameter of the valve needle with a narrow element play, preferably 1-2 ⁇ m, so that it can easily perform axial movements.
- the sleeve is itself guided with a small element play, also preferably 1-2 ⁇ m.
- the sleeve is axially braced against the valve needle by means of at least one elastic element.
- valve needle on the high-pressure-side guide of the valve bore has the same diameter as on the medium-pressure-side guide of the valve bore, where the sleeve is mounted in a leading manner. This has the effect that the guide diameter and the sealing diameter are of the same size, which ensures complete high-pressure compensation and low-pressure compensation.
- valve constructions proposed in this way are particularly suitable for diesel injection valves of the 2/2 or 3/2 valve type. It becomes clear that the simple manufacture of a multi-part construction of the valve needle makes it easy to determine the individual diameters, so that the effects of pressure equalization in the high pressure and low pressure range can be achieved both with the valve open and closed.
- the invention uses functional principles and components that are technically simple to implement.
- FIG. 1 shows an embodiment variant of the solution of a 2/2 valve type proposed according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment variant of a 3/2 valve type
- Figure 4 shows a third embodiment of the solution proposed according to the invention of a 3/2 valve type.
- FIG. 1 shows a 2/2 valve according to the solution proposed according to the invention, in particular a 2/2 diesel injector.
- This comprises a valve needle 1, which is guided axially in the valve bore 3 of a valve housing 2.
- the valve needle 1 is actuated directly by an actuator 4, not shown. It is possible for the valve needle 1 to be firmly connected to the actuator on the assembly side, it being possible to use all of the design variants known from the prior art, such as, for example, a magnetic actuator, piezo actuator, etc.
- the valve bore 3 has an inward opening valve seat 5 (I-valve seat).
- I-valve seat The valve shown in FIG. 1 is shown in its open position.
- the I-valve seat 5 separates the valve bore 3 into a high pressure area and a control pressure or low pressure area.
- the high-pressure region has a first channel 6, through which fuel is fed into a high-pressure chamber 7 under the intended high pressure.
- the valve bore 3 of the high-pressure area forms a guide 8 for the valve needle 1 on the high-pressure side.
- the sealing edge 9 of the valve needle 1 on the valve needle 1 results from the seat angle difference of the cone angle relative to the valve housing 2 or the valve bore 3.
- the low pressure area of the 2/2 valve has a second channel 10 for the control pressure, which opens into a control chamber 11.
- the valve bore 3 forms a guide 12 on the low pressure side in the low pressure region.
- the valve needle 1 has a smaller diameter in this low pressure area than in the high pressure area.
- a sleeve 13 with a very small amount of play is pushed onto this section of smaller diameter of the valve needle 1, so that minimal relative movements of the sleeve 13 can be carried out.
- the sleeve 13 is mounted on a shoulder 14 of the valve needle 1 by means of an elastic element 15, for example a spring washer. Opposite this elastic element 15, the sleeve 13 is supported on a snap ring 16 which is enclosed in a groove in the valve needle 1.
- the sleeve 13 has a chamfer 17, so that the snap ring 16 is received by the latter in such a way that the sleeve 13 is axially braced, on the one hand the spring force of the elastic element 15 and on the other hand a pressure which may prevail in the control chamber 11 this axial bracing cause.
- the sealing edge 9 of the I-valve seat 5 has the same diameter as the guide diameter of the high-pressure-side guide 8 of the valve needle 1 in the valve bore 3, whereas for a low-pressure compensation in When the 2/2 valve is open, the valve needle 1 has the same diameter on the high-pressure guide 8 and on the medium-pressure guide 12. The latter is accomplished by fixing the sleeve 13 with appropriate dimensions for this.
- valve needle 1 can be inserted into the valve bore 3 from the actuator side, with the elastic element 15, the sleeve 13 and the snap ring 16 then being mounted from the return side, so that the overall arrangement of the 2/2-way valve is easily assembled can be.
- FIGS. 2-4 show different design variants of a 3/2 valve type, in particular a 3/2 diesel injection valve. Identical reference numerals are used for features of the different design variants that have the same function.
- Figure 2 shows a first embodiment of a 3/2 valve type.
- This valve has a second valve seat in the form of a slide seat 19 in the low pressure range.
- the opening cross section is composed of the total stroke of the valve needle 1 minus the overlap of the slide seat 19 in a closed state.
- a third channel 20 for the return flow into the control chamber 11 opens into the low pressure area of the valve.
- the valve needle 1 has an elongated diameter.
- a first sleeve 21 is pushed onto this section directly abutting the rounded portion 14.
- a second sleeve 22 is provided, the elastic element 15, the spring washer, being inserted between the first sleeve 21 and the second sleeve 22.
- the second sleeve 22 in turn has a chamfer 17 at the end opposite the elastic element 15, in which the snap ring 16, which is framed in a groove, is received on the valve needle 1.
- the first sleeve 21 and the second sleeve 22 have the same outer diameter and are pushed onto the portion of smaller diameter of the valve needle 1 with a very narrow element play, preferably 1-2 ⁇ m.
- the first sleeve 21 can in turn be guided in the bore of the slide 19 with a very narrow element play.
- the second sleeve 22 is also fitted with an element clearance that is just as narrow in the low-pressure side guide 12 of the valve bore 3.
- the leakage of the closed slide seat 19 is determined by the axial overlap of the sleeve 21 in the bore of this slide seat 19 and by the very small element play.
- the outer diameter of the sleeve 21 is equal to the diameter of the guide 8 of the valve needle 1 on the high-pressure side and equal to the outer diameter of the second sleeve 22.
- FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment variant of a 3/2 valve which, instead of a slide seat, has an outwardly opening valve seat 23 (A valve seat) in the low-pressure region of the valve.
- a first sleeve 24 is guided with a tight guide play. On the outside, this first sleeve 24 is also with a very narrow guide play in the guide 12 on the medium pressure side
- Valve bore 3 fitted. Outside the valve bore 3, a second sleeve 25 is provided, which in turn has a chamfer 17 for receiving the on the valve needle 1 in a
- Groove snap ring 16 is used.
- a U-shaped disk 26 is inserted between this first sleeve 24 and this second sleeve 25 and is axially guided in a bushing 27.
- the bushing 27 is provided as a separate component to the valve housing 2, but can also be part of the valve housing 2. So that the snap ring 16 can be mounted at a valve needle stroke that is smaller than the length of the chamfer 17, the sleeves 24 and 25 are pushed onto the valve needle 1, the snap ring 16 is mounted and then between the first sleeve 24 and the second Sleeve 25, the U-shaped disc 26 inserted.
- the dimension of this U-shaped serves
- Disc 26 especially the setting of the valve lift.
- the valve bore 3 has a section with a sealing diameter 29 which is identical to the diameter of the guide 8 of the valve needle 1 on the high-pressure side, so that complete A high-pressure compensation can follow when the A-valve seat 23 is closed.
- the first sleeve 24 has the same diameter as the sealing seat of the A valve seat 23.
- the first sleeve 24 has a slightly larger diameter than the diameter of the guide 8 on the high-pressure side. For this reason, with a closed A-valve seat 23 there is only partial low-pressure compensation possible since the diameter of the first sleeve 24 is consequently also somewhat larger than the sealing diameter of the I-valve seat 5.
- the disk 26 is always against the snap ring 16.
- the embodiment variant of the 3/2 valve shown in FIG. 3 can be designed with or without an elastic element 15.
- complete hydraulic pressure compensation is achieved on the high-pressure side when the A-seat 23 is closed, since the sealing diameter of the A-seat 23 is equal to the diameter of the guide 8 on the high-pressure side.
- an at least partially hydraulic low-pressure compensation can be achieved in that the diameter of the A-seat 23 essentially corresponds to the diameter of the guide 12 on the pressure side.
- FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment variant of a 3/2 valve, the essential features of which correspond to the embodiment variant described in FIG. 3, with the difference that the first sleeve 24 has the same diameter as the guide 8 on the high-pressure side, i.e. the same diameter as the sealing seat of the I-valve seat 5 and the A-valve seat 23. In this way, both a full high-pressure compensation and a complete low-pressure compensation are guaranteed with such a 3/2 valve.
- the proposed design variants can be used with all fast-switching and high-pressure valves that are used in self-igniting internal combustion engines.
- the valve variants shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 are all distinguished by the fact that they can all be mounted from the side of the high-pressure guide 8.
- an actuator which is firmly connected to the valve needle 1 can be used, which can be both a pre-assembled magnet armature assembly and a piezo actuator.
- the design variants of a valve for use in high-pressure hydraulics shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 are hydraulically pressure-balanced, ie the diameter of, for example, an inward-opening valve seat 5 corresponds to a diameter of the guide 8 on the high-pressure side with respect to the high-pressure side.
- the diameters of a slide seat 19 correspond or, depending on the design variant of an A-seat 23, the diameter of a guide 12 of the valve needle 1 on the pressure side.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/513,994 US7243902B2 (en) | 2002-11-08 | 2003-11-11 | Pressure-compensated, directly controlled valve |
| EP03776848A EP1694957A1 (de) | 2003-11-11 | 2003-11-11 | Druckausgeglichenes, direktgesteuertes ventil |
| PCT/DE2003/003723 WO2005095784A1 (de) | 2003-11-11 | 2003-11-11 | Druckausgeglichenes, direktgesteuertes ventil |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DE2003/003723 WO2005095784A1 (de) | 2003-11-11 | 2003-11-11 | Druckausgeglichenes, direktgesteuertes ventil |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2005095784A1 true WO2005095784A1 (de) | 2005-10-13 |
Family
ID=35063842
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DE2003/003723 Ceased WO2005095784A1 (de) | 2002-11-08 | 2003-11-11 | Druckausgeglichenes, direktgesteuertes ventil |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1694957A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2005095784A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009080414A1 (de) * | 2007-12-21 | 2009-07-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Injektor eines kraftstoffeinspritzsystems mit einem 3/2-wege-steuerventil |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1041272A2 (de) * | 1999-04-01 | 2000-10-04 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Brennstoffeinspritzventil |
| GB2350662A (en) * | 1999-06-03 | 2000-12-06 | Lucas Ind Plc | Valve for a fuel injector |
| DE19941709A1 (de) * | 1999-09-02 | 2001-03-15 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Gebautes Steuerventil für einen Injektor eines Kraftstoffeinspritzsystems für Brennkraftmaschinen |
| US6227459B1 (en) * | 1999-08-02 | 2001-05-08 | Caterpillar Inc. | Valve with self-centering, self-sealing seat component |
| WO2001055578A2 (de) * | 2000-01-28 | 2001-08-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Einspritzdüse |
-
2003
- 2003-11-11 WO PCT/DE2003/003723 patent/WO2005095784A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2003-11-11 EP EP03776848A patent/EP1694957A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1041272A2 (de) * | 1999-04-01 | 2000-10-04 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Brennstoffeinspritzventil |
| GB2350662A (en) * | 1999-06-03 | 2000-12-06 | Lucas Ind Plc | Valve for a fuel injector |
| US6227459B1 (en) * | 1999-08-02 | 2001-05-08 | Caterpillar Inc. | Valve with self-centering, self-sealing seat component |
| DE19941709A1 (de) * | 1999-09-02 | 2001-03-15 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Gebautes Steuerventil für einen Injektor eines Kraftstoffeinspritzsystems für Brennkraftmaschinen |
| WO2001055578A2 (de) * | 2000-01-28 | 2001-08-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Einspritzdüse |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009080414A1 (de) * | 2007-12-21 | 2009-07-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Injektor eines kraftstoffeinspritzsystems mit einem 3/2-wege-steuerventil |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1694957A1 (de) | 2006-08-30 |
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