WO2005073672A1 - 磁気センサ及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
磁気センサ及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005073672A1 WO2005073672A1 PCT/JP2005/001070 JP2005001070W WO2005073672A1 WO 2005073672 A1 WO2005073672 A1 WO 2005073672A1 JP 2005001070 W JP2005001070 W JP 2005001070W WO 2005073672 A1 WO2005073672 A1 WO 2005073672A1
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- magnetoresistive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
- G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
- G01D5/142—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices
- G01D5/145—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices influenced by the relative movement between the Hall device and magnetic fields
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
- G01R33/06—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using galvano-magnetic devices
- G01R33/09—Magnetoresistive devices
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a magnetic sensor for detecting a displacement amount such as a movement amount, a position, and an angle of a movable detection object and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly to a magnetic sensor formed on a magnetic resistance pattern of the magnetic sensor. And a method of manufacturing the same. Further, the present invention relates to a magnetic sensor capable of canceling a harmonic component superimposed on a fundamental component of a detected actual output signal by arranging a magnetoresistive element.
- a magnetic sensor as a sensor for detecting a displacement amount of a movable object to be detected.
- a multi-pole magnetized layer magnetized at a fixed pitch is formed on a movable detection target, and a magnetic sensor is disposed facing the multi-pole magnetized layer.
- Four magnetoresistive thin films are arranged on this magnetic sensor at a pitch smaller than the pitch of multipolar magnetization, and the magnetoresistive thin film changes due to the rotation of the movable detection object. The amount of displacement is detected by detecting the resistance value of the above.
- Patent Document 1 when arranging a magnetoresistive thin film on a magnetic sensor arranged to face a multipolar magnetized layer, a plurality of magnetic thin films are arranged at a predetermined interval from each other. By arranging them side by side, harmonic components caused by the saturation of the magnetoresistance change are canceled out by canceling them out of phase, so that a smooth sine wave output signal can be obtained.
- the cleanness of the sinusoidal ⁇ -phase signal and the ⁇ -phase signal output from the ⁇ -phase sensor and the ⁇ -phase sensor is closely related to the accuracy of the magnetic scale (magnetic sensor).
- the output signal from the magnetic sensor generally uses a fundamental wave component, a harmonic component superimposed on the fundamental wave component, and the fact that a force is formed, and two sets of sensor patterns are used.
- Patent Document 1 There is a technology that attempts to cancel the harmonics that are to be removed by the technique.
- Patent Document 1 When arranging the magnetoresistive elements on the magnetic sensor disposed opposite to the multipolar magnetized layer, a predetermined distance is maintained between them. By arranging them in parallel, at least one odd harmonic component caused by the saturation of the magnetoresistance change can be canceled in the opposite phase, and a smooth sine wave output signal can be obtained.
- the magnetic resistance elements R are arranged at the illustrated intervals on the magnetic sensor 100 arranged opposite to the magnetic scale 300 magnetized at the pitch ⁇ .
- the third and fifth harmonics can be canceled by the arrangement.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent No. 2529960 (FIGS. 2 and 10)
- Patent Document 2 JP-A-10-253729 (Fig. 1)
- each of the magnetoresistive patterns is improved to improve identification accuracy.
- a plurality of magnetoresistive thin films have a plurality of magnetoresistive thin films, there is a problem that manufacturing difficulty is further increased, and as a result, the degree of freedom of arrangement of the magnetoresistive thin films is reduced.
- the present invention has been made in view of such a point, and an object of the present invention is to use a plurality of magnetoresistive thin films from the viewpoint of improving identification accuracy when operating a magnetic sensor. It is an object of the present invention to provide a magnetic sensor capable of preventing a decrease in the degree of freedom of arrangement due to the narrowing of the distance between the magnetoresistive thin films.
- the present invention can increase the number of magnetoresistive elements for canceling each harmonic so as not to make it difficult to manufacture, while flexibly adjusting the distance between the magnetoresistive elements, and consequently improve the thermal characteristics.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a magnetic sensor capable of achieving uniformity and improved identification accuracy.
- the present invention provides the following.
- a magnetoresistive thin film has a magnetoresistive pattern formed on a substrate.
- the magnetoresistive pattern is composed of an A-phase magnetoresistive pattern that outputs two signals having a phase difference of 90 ° and a B-phase magnetoresistive pattern.
- the magnetoresistive pattern is formed by combining two substrates.
- the magnetoresistive pattern is formed by combining two substrates. Even when a thin film is used, it is not necessary to extremely narrow the distance between the magnetoresistive thin films, and it is possible to prevent a reduction in the degree of freedom in arrangement due to the narrowing of the distance.
- the two substrates when “the two substrates are combined”, they may be combined in close contact or may be combined with a gap.
- the A-phase magnetoresistive pattern is composed of a + a-phase magnetoresistive pattern and a ⁇ a-phase magnetoresistive pattern that outputs two signals having different phases by 180 °
- the B-phase magnetoresistive pattern is , A + b phase magnetoresistive pattern that outputs two signals having phases different from each other by 180 °, and a ⁇ b phase magnetoresistive pattern, and the + a phase magnetoresistive pattern and the 1b phase magnetoresistive pattern.
- the magnetic sensor according to (1) wherein the one a-phase magnetic resistance pattern and the + b-phase magnetic resistance pattern are formed on one substrate, respectively, on the other substrate.
- the above-described A-phase magnetoresistive pattern is composed of a + a-phase magnetoresistive pattern and an a-phase magnetoresistive pattern that output two signals having 180 ° phases different from each other.
- the B-phase magnetoresistive pattern consists of a + b-phase magnetoresistive pattern and a b-phase magnetoresistive pattern that output two signals with 180 ° out of phase.
- the -phase and -b-phase magnetoresistive patterns are formed on one substrate, and the -a and -b-phase magnetoresistive patterns are formed on the other substrate. In addition to preventing a decrease in the degree of freedom in arrangement due to the narrowing, it is possible to improve detection accuracy and distance characteristics.
- the substrate on which the magnetoresistive thin film is formed generally varies from lot to lot due to various factors such as the deposition temperature, the deposition time, and the relative positional relationship between the target and the substrate.
- the A-phase magnetoresistive pattern is divided into two substrates and the B-phase magnetoresistive pattern is also divided into two substrates, so that the characteristics of these two substrates vary. Affects both the A-phase and B-phase magnetoresistive patterns uniformly.As a result, it is possible to reduce the adverse effect due to variations in the characteristics of the two substrates as a whole, and to improve the detection accuracy. And the distance characteristics can be improved.
- the magnetic sensor according to (3) wherein the one substrate and the other substrate have different substrate materials.
- the material of the substrate is different from that of the above-mentioned one substrate and that of the above-mentioned other substrate. As a result, it is possible to reduce the adverse effect due to the variation in the distance, thereby improving the detection accuracy and the distance characteristics.
- the respective pattern formation surfaces of the two substrates described above are bonded to each other, the influence of an external temperature change can be reduced, and stable temperature characteristics can be improved. Obtainable.
- a feature is that all or a part of one pattern forming surface of the two substrates and a part of the other pattern forming surface of the two substrates are bonded to each other.
- the magnetic sensor according to (5) is that all or a part of one pattern forming surface of the two substrates and a part of the other pattern forming surface of the two substrates are bonded to each other.
- the bonding position can be adjusted flexibly in accordance with the arrangement of the magnetoresistive thin films on each pattern formation surface, and thus the distance between the magnetoresistive thin films can be prevented from being narrowed. Also, by using a flexible circuit board or the like, it is possible to take out signals from a pattern forming surface which is not a shell divination surface.
- a magnetoresistive thin film has a magnetoresistive pattern formed on a substrate.
- the magnetoresistive pattern is composed of an A-phase magnetoresistive pattern that outputs two signals having phases different from each other by 90 ° and a B-phase magnetoresistive pattern.
- the magnetoresistive pattern is formed on two substrates, and then the two substrates are combined to form the magnetoresistive pattern.
- the magnetoresistive pattern is formed, so that it is possible to prevent a decrease in the degree of freedom in arrangement due to the narrowing of the interval.
- the magnetic sensor in a magnetic sensor having a magnetoresistive pattern formed by disposing a magnetoresistive element for detecting a magnetic field of a magnetic scale, the magnetic sensor is superimposed on a fundamental wave component of an output signal of the magnetoresistive pattern.
- the L magnetoresistive elements are arranged at a predetermined interval P. More specifically, the present invention provides the following: Provide things.
- the magnetic sensor having a magnetoresistive pattern formed by arranging magnetoresistive elements formed of a magnetoresistive thin film at predetermined intervals on a substrate to detect a magnetic field of a magnetic scale, Assuming that the number of the magnetoresistive elements for removing harmonic components superimposed on the fundamental component of the output signal of the resistance pattern is L, the L magnetoresistive elements are spaced at an interval P calculated by the following equation.
- a magnetic sensor characterized by being sequentially arranged in a relative movement direction of a magnetic scale.
- n order of harmonic component to be removed
- ⁇ wavelength of fundamental wave component of output signal
- each harmonic it is not necessary to keep the number of magnetoresistive elements for canceling each harmonic constant as in the prior art.
- the spacing can be adjusted flexibly, so that each harmonic can be It is possible to increase the number of magnetoresistive elements for canceling waves, and to achieve uniform thermal characteristics.
- the magnetic resistance patterns are arranged one after the other in the direction of relative movement of the magnetic scale, and the magnetic resistance pattern is such that the magnetic resistance elements are relatively spaced at an interval P calculated by the following equation.
- It is characterized in that it is formed by arranging the L sets in order in the relative movement direction of the kale.
- n order of harmonic component to be removed
- ⁇ wavelength of fundamental wave component of output signal
- a magnetoresistance device that removes one harmonic component from a plurality of harmonic components superimposed on a fundamental component of an output signal of a magnetoresistance pattern.
- L be the number of elements, and 1 harmonic other than the 1 harmonic component
- the L magnetoresistive elements are:
- the harmonic component of 1 was canceled by L magnetoresistive elements, and the L sets of L magnetoresistive elements were arranged in L sets.
- one harmonic component other than the one harmonic component can be canceled.
- the magnetoresistive pattern formed by arranging magnetoresistive elements formed of a magnetoresistive thin film at predetermined intervals on a substrate to detect a magnetic field of a magnetic scale, In order to remove at least two or more harmonic components from the fundamental component of the output signal from the magnetoresistive pattern, the magnetoresistive pattern is formed by combining the intervals P of the magnetoresistive elements set as shown below. Magnetic sensor characterized by the following.
- n order of harmonic component to be removed
- ⁇ wavelength of fundamental wave component of output signal
- L Number of magnetoresistive elements to remove harmonic components of order m (however, include at least one L of L half 2)
- n natural number
- ⁇ is the wavelength of the fundamental wave component of the output signal
- ⁇ is a natural number
- the interval ⁇ calculated by the formula is combined to form a magnetoresistive pattern.
- the magneto-resistive patterns are arranged at intervals P ′ calculated by the following equation in the direction of relative movement of the magnetic scale, and are electrically connected in series.
- a magnetic sensor characterized by extracting output signals from electrical contacts of a magnetoresistive pattern.
- n order of harmonic component to be removed
- ⁇ wavelength of fundamental wave component of output signal
- a plurality of harmonic components can be removed by the sum and difference of the signals, and thus the identification accuracy can be improved.
- harmonic components are removed by the sum and difference of displacement detection signals obtained from a large number of magnetoresistive elements. Harmonic components are canceled, which can contribute to further improvement in identification accuracy.
- Two sets of the magnetoresistive patterns are arranged in the direction of relative movement of the magnetic scale at intervals P ′ calculated by the following equation, and are electrically connected in parallel.
- a magnetic sensor wherein an output signal is extracted from each symmetric point of the magnetoresistive pattern.
- m order of harmonic component to be removed
- ⁇ wavelength of fundamental wave component of output signal
- the above-described magnetoresistive pattern ie, L magnetoresistive elements
- the "symmetric point" of the two sets of magnetoresistive patterns refers to one (L / 2) of the series connected magnetoresistive elements among the series connected magnetoresistive elements. , And the other (LZ2) magnetic resistance elements connected in series.
- a width of the magnetoresistive element in a relative movement direction of the magnetic scale is set to a width W calculated by the following equation.
- n order of harmonic component to be removed
- ⁇ wavelength of fundamental wave component of output signal
- the magnetic sensor in order to remove a harmonic component superimposed on a fundamental component of an output signal of a magnetoresistive pattern, the magnetic sensor in a relative movement direction of the magnetic scale is removed.
- the magnetoresistive pattern is formed by combining two substrates, it is possible to cancel the harmonic components and discriminate the discrimination accuracy. Even if a plurality of magnetoresistive thin films are used from the viewpoint of increasing the number of magnetoresistive thin films, the number of magnetoresistive thin films formed on one set of substrates can be reduced, and as a result, each magnetoresistive thin film can be used. It is possible to prevent a decrease in the degree of freedom in arrangement due to the narrowing of the interval.
- two signals having a phase difference of 90 ° are output.
- the A-phase magnetoresistive pattern is divided into two substrates, and the B-phase magnetoresistive pattern is also divided into two substrates. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the adverse effect due to the variation in the characteristics of the two substrates, thereby improving the detection accuracy and the distance characteristics.
- the magnetic sensor according to the present invention can cancel out each harmonic component while flexibly adjusting the interval between the magneto-resistive elements. Therefore, the number of magneto-resistive elements can be increased to such an extent that manufacturing is not difficult. This not only contributes to the improvement of identification accuracy, but also contributes to uniform thermal characteristics.
- FIG. 1 (a) is an external view showing a facing arrangement relationship between a magnetic sensor 1 and a movable object according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- a rotating drum 2 as a movable detection object is rotatable about a rotation axis, and N poles and S poles are alternately arranged at a predetermined pitch on the outer periphery.
- a magnetic scale 3 is provided.
- the magnetic scale 3 is formed, for example, by magnetizing a magnetic pole on a ferromagnetic material.
- the magnetic sensor 1 is provided to face the magnetic scale 3.
- FIG. 1B is a plan view of the conventional magnetic sensor 1 and the rotating drum 2 as viewed from above.
- a conventional magnetic sensor 1 includes a printed wiring board PWB (Printed Wiring
- a glass substrate 5 is fixed to a board 4, and a magnetoresistive pattern 6 is formed on the glass substrate 5. Since the magnetoresistive pattern 6 is very sensitive to temperature changes and has a property of changing its temperature characteristics even when exposed to wind, the magnetoresistive pattern 6 is provided around the magnetoresistive pattern 6. It is common to provide a protective plate (not shown) to cover [0063] Then, in order to accurately detect the displacement amount and the displacement direction of the movable object 2 (magnetic scale 3), the magnetoresistive pattern 6 outputs an A-phase magnetic resistor that outputs two signals having 90 ° phases different from each other. It is composed of an anti-pattern and a B-phase magnetoresistive pattern, both of which are formed on the glass substrate 5.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view of the magnetic sensor 1 and the rotating drum 2 according to the first embodiment of the present invention as viewed from above.
- the magnetic sensor 1 has a printed wiring in which wiring is attached to an insulating plate (an insulating material such as an epoxy resin) having a thickness of about several mm with a copper foil.
- Plate P WB4 two glass substrates 5, 5 ', A-phase magnetoresistive pattern 10 formed on lower glass substrate (A-phase substrate) 5 in the figure, and upper glass in the figure
- Flexible printed circuit board FPC Flexible printed circuit board FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit) which is taken out as an electrode from the end of the glass substrate 5, 5 ', and is connected to the printed wiring board PWB.
- the glass substrates 5, 5 'on which the A-phase magnetoresistive pattern 10 and the B-phase magnetoresistive pattern 11 are formed can be replaced with a ceramic such as zirconia to prevent breakage due to external impact. .
- the magnetic sensor 1 shown in FIG. 2 is greatly different from the magnetic sensor 1 shown in FIG. 1 (b) in that the two glass substrates 5 and 5 ′ each have an A-phase magnetoresistive pattern 10 And the B-phase magnetoresistive pattern 11 are formed separately by vapor deposition or the like.
- the powerful structure even if each of the A-phase magnetoresistive pattern 10 and the B-phase magnetoresistive pattern 11 has a plurality of magnetoresistive thin films, only one glass substrate is shown in FIG. Compared with the magnetic sensor 1 shown in b), it is possible to prevent the interval between the magnetoresistive thin films from being narrowed, and to prevent the degree of freedom of arrangement between the magnetoresistive thin films from being reduced.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a method of manufacturing two glass substrates 5, 5 ′, which are features of the magnetic sensor 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 first, a plurality of magnetoresistive thin films made of ferromagnetic NiFe or the like are formed on the A-phase substrate 5 by vapor deposition or the like as the A-phase magnetoresistive pattern 10 ( Figure 3 (a)).
- a plurality of magnetoresistive thin films made of ferromagnetic NiFe or the like are formed as a B-phase magnetoresistive pattern 11 on a glass substrate 5 ′ for the B-phase by vapor deposition or the like (FIG. 3 (b)).
- FIG. 3 (b) Note that the magnetoresistive thin film (FIG.
- the magnetoresistive thin film of the magnetoresistive pattern 11 also has a differential configuration to improve temperature characteristics.
- a plurality of magnetoresistive thin films are arranged on each of the glass substrate 5 for the A phase and the glass substrate 5 'for the B phase.
- a magnetic resistance pattern is formed by bonding the glass substrate 5 for the A phase and the glass substrate 5 ′ for the B phase, and as a result, Can be prevented from being narrowed.
- the shells are occupied so that the A-phase magnetoresistive pattern 10 and the B-phase magnetoresistive pattern 11 face each other (Fig. 3 (c)).
- the respective magnetoresistive patterns are formed on the separate glass substrates 5, 5 ', so that it is possible to prevent the interval between the respective magnetoresistive thin films from being narrowed.
- the A-phase magnetoresistive pattern 10 and the B-phase magnetoresistive pattern 11 are sandwiched between the glass substrates 5, 5, they are resistant to external shocks and the like, and thus the mounting of components such as protective plates can be omitted. Can be. Note that an insulating film exists between the A-phase magnetoresistance pattern 10 and the B-phase magnetoresistance pattern 11.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing a time-series sensor output of the magnetic sensor 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the A-phase magnetoresistive pattern 10 and the B-phase magnetoresistive pattern 11 are adhered to each other without any gap (closely adhered). It does not mean that it is excluded.
- a part of the A-phase magnetoresistive pattern 10 (pattern forming surface) formed on the A-phase glass substrate 5 and the portion formed on the B-phase glass substrate 5 ′ are formed.
- a part of the B-phase magnetoresistive pattern 11 is bonded, for example, all of one of the A-phase magnetoresistive pattern 10 or the B-phase magnetoresistive pattern 11 and the A-phase magnetoresistive pattern The whole or a part of the other of the 10 or B-phase magnetoresistive pattern 11 may be bonded.
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a characteristic portion of the magnetic sensor 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 5A and 5C are a cross-sectional view of a characteristic portion of the magnetic sensor 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention and a schematic diagram for explaining the characteristic portion.
- 5 (b) and FIG. 5 (d) are a cross-sectional view of a characteristic portion of the magnetic sensor 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention and a schematic diagram for explaining the characteristic portion.
- the characteristic part of the magnetic sensor 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is, as described above, an A-phase glass substrate 5 and a B-phase glass substrate 5 ′.
- Two cosine waves (Cos + , Cos) whose phases are shifted by 180 ° are extracted from the A-phase magnetoresistive pattern 10 formed on the A-phase glass substrate 5, and the B-phase is used.
- Two sine waves (Sin + , Sin_) whose phases are shifted by 180 ° are extracted from the B-phase magnetoresistive pattern 11 formed on the glass substrate 5 ′.
- two signals (+ a phase signal, _a phase Signal) is detected from the A-phase magnetoresistive pattern 10 arranged at a predetermined interval on the A-phase glass substrate 5, and the phase is detected.
- Two signals (+ b-phase signal and -b-phase signal) shifted by 180 ° are detected from the B-phase magnetoresistive pattern 11 arranged at predetermined intervals on the B-phase glass substrate 5 ′.
- FIG. 5 (b) in the characteristic part of the magnetic sensor 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention, A glass substrate is bonded, and a cosine wave (Cos + ) and a sine wave (Sin-) whose phases are shifted by 90 ° are extracted from the magnetoresistive pattern formed on the lower glass substrate. Cosine waves (Cos and sine waves (Sin + )) whose phases are shifted by 90 ° are extracted from the formed magnetic resistance pattern.
- two signals (+ a phase signal, _a phase Signal) is detected from the magnetoresistive pattern bisected on two glass substrates, and the two signals (+ b phase signal and _b phase signal) whose phases are shifted by 180 ° are also bisected on two glass substrates. Detected from the reluctance pattern.
- the characteristics of the two glass substrates vary. In addition, adverse effects due to this can be reduced, and as a result, detection accuracy and distance characteristics can be improved. Note that, even when the materials of the two substrates are changed, for example, when one is a glass substrate and the other is an aluminum substrate, or when one is a glass substrate and the other is zirconia, the detection is performed as described above. It is possible to improve accuracy and distance characteristics.
- FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram showing a manner of reducing adverse effects due to characteristic variations of two glass substrates in the magnetic sensor 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. More specifically, the amplitude of the signal detected from the magnetoresistive thin film formed on one glass substrate due to the characteristic variation between the two glass substrates causes the amplitude of the signal detected on the other glass substrate to decrease.
- the magnetic sensor 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention cannot reduce the adverse effect when the amplitude of the detected signal is larger than the amplitude of the detected signal (FIG. 6A), According to the magnetic sensor 1 according to the second embodiment, it is shown that the adverse effect can be reduced (FIG. 6 (b)).
- the amplitudes of the + a-phase signal and the 1b-phase signal (see Fig. 5 (d)) detected from the lower reluctance pattern are both 1 (the first and fifth stages from the top).
- the amplitudes of the 1a-phase signal and + b-phase signal (see Fig. 5 (d)) detected from the upper magnetoresistive pattern are both 0.8 (the second and fourth stages from the top).
- the amplitude of the A-phase differential output, from which the + a-phase signal power is subtracted by one a-phase signal, is 1.8 (the third stage from the top), and the B-phase differential power by subtracting the + b-phase signal power-one b-phase signal
- the output amplitude is also 1.8 (the sixth row from the top), and the amplitudes of both outputs match.
- the magnetic sensor 1 As described above, in the magnetic sensor 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention, even when the characteristic variation between the two glass substrates occurs, the differential output of the A-phase and the B-phase is output. At the detection stage, the adverse effects can be reduced.
- FIG. 6 shows a manner of reducing the adverse effect due to the characteristic variation of the two glass substrates, for example, as shown in FIG.
- the adverse effect when the glass substrate is tilted can be reduced. More specifically, first, the correct mounting state of the two glass substrates is a state in which the two glass substrates are parallel to the magnetic scale 3 (Fig. 7 (a)). Suppose you tilt left (Fig. 7 (b)). At this time, a magnetoresistive butterfly that can detect the + a phase signal (Cos + ) and the 1 b phase signal (Sin ⁇ ) The magnetic resistance pattern (see Fig. 5 (d)) that can detect the -a phase signal (Cos-) and + b phase signal (Sin +) approaches the magnetic scale 3 (see Fig.
- FIG. 8 is a waveform diagram showing how the adverse effect caused by the bonding error between the two glass substrates is reduced in the magnetic sensor 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. More specifically, due to an error in bonding the two glass substrates, the two glass substrates are not bonded in an appropriate positional relationship, and the magnetoresistive thin film formed by one of the glass substrates is not bonded. In the case where the phase of the detected signal is inappropriate in relation to the phase of the signal detected from the magnetoresistive thin film formed by the other glass substrate, the second aspect of the present invention.
- the magnetic sensor 1 according to the first embodiment cannot reduce the adverse effect (FIG. 8A), but according to the magnetic sensor 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the adverse effect can be reduced.
- the reduction can be shown (Fig. 8 (b)).
- phase of the signal detected from 11 is slightly shifted.
- the phase of the + a-phase signal and the one a-phase signal (see Fig. 5 (c)) detected from the A-phase magnetic resistance pattern 10 is lost.
- the phase of the A-phase differential output is not shifted (1st to 3rd stages from the top).
- the phases of the + b-phase signal and the 1b-phase signal (see Fig. 5 (c)) detected from the B-phase magnetoresistive pattern 11 are the ideal phases due to the bonding error between the two glass substrates.
- the dotted lines at the 4th and 5th steps from the top show a phase slightly shifted from the ideal state (solid line at the 4th and 5th steps from the top).
- the phase of the B-phase differential output obtained by subtracting the -b-phase signal from the + b-phase signal is not an ideal phase (a dotted line at the sixth stage from the top), but a phase slightly shifted from the ideal state (6 (Solid line at the bottom).
- a magnetic sensor detects an arc tangent signal from an A-phase differential output (cosine wave) and a B-phase differential output (sine wave) when detecting the position of a movable object to be detected. Detection is being performed. That is, the phase of either the A-phase differential output or the B-phase differential output If the position deviates from the ideal state (B-phase differential output in Fig. 8 (a)), accurate position detection cannot be performed.
- the phase difference of one of the A-phase differential output and the B-phase differential output is caused by the bonding error between the two glass substrates. May deviate, resulting in a decrease in position detection accuracy.
- phase of the signal detected from the magnetoresistive pattern formed on the upper glass substrate is slightly shifted.
- the phases of the + a-phase signal and the 1b-phase signal (see Fig. 5 (d)) detected from the lower reluctance pattern do not change (the first and fifth stages from the top).
- the phases of the 1a-phase signal and + b-phase signal (see Fig. 5 (d)) detected from the upper magnetoresistive pattern are not the ideal phases (the upper force is also the dotted line in the second and fourth stages).
- the phase is slightly shifted from the ideal state (solid lines in the second and fourth stages from the top).
- both the A-phase differential output obtained by subtracting the -a signal from the + a-phase signal, the B-phase signal output obtained by subtracting the -b-phase signal, and the B-phase differential output have the ideal phase (3 And the sixth stage (dashed line), the phase is slightly deviated from the ideal state (solid line at the third and sixth stages from the top).
- both the A-phase differential output and the B-phase differential output have the same phase. Does not affect the accuracy of position detection. Therefore, in the magnetic sensor 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention, even when a bonding error occurs between the two glass substrates, the A-phase and B-phase differential outputs are detected and the reverse is performed. At the stage of obtaining the tangent signal, its adverse effect can be reduced, and the accuracy of position detection can be prevented from lowering.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a schematic structure of the magnetic sensor 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- the magnetic scale 3 is provided with a magnetized magnet in which N poles and S poles are alternately arranged at a pitch ⁇ .
- the ⁇ pole, the pitch from the ⁇ pole, and the pitch from the S pole to the S pole are both ⁇ .
- the magnetic sensor 1 has four magnetic resistances R—R Force In this order, the pitch with the next magneto-resistor is the interval of / 4, / 4, ⁇ / 4,
- each of the magnetoresistors R-R is connected via a power supply line 300.
- Bias voltage source V is connected.
- the waveform phase of the displacement detection signal output from the magnetic sensor 1 is determined as follows. It becomes. That is, the pitch of the magnetic resistance R and the pitch of the magnetic resistance R are;
- the shape and the magnetoresistive R force The phase of the extracted 1a-phase signal is 180 ° out of phase.
- the pitch between the magnetic resistances R and R is ⁇ .
- phase of the signal waveform of the b-phase signal is shifted by 180 °.
- Shape is 90 ° out of phase.
- FIG. 10 shows ideally the signal waveforms of the respective displacement detection signals described above. That is, considering the waveform of the + a-phase signal as a reference (Fig. 10 (a)), the + b-phase signal has a waveform shifted by 90 ° from the + a-phase signal as shown in Fig. 10 (b).
- the one-phase signal has a waveform as shown in Fig. 10 (c) in which the waveform force of the + a-phase signal is 180 ° out of phase.
- the phase signal has a waveform as shown in FIG. 10 (d), whose phase is shifted by 270 ° from the waveform of the + a phase signal.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing a change characteristic of the resistance R of the magnetoresistive element with respect to the input magnetic field H from the magnetic scale 3.
- the displacement detection signal actually obtained as shown in Fig. 12 (a) is composed of the fundamental wave component shown in Fig. 12 (b) and the second harmonic component shown in Fig. 12 (c).
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of a form of forming a magnetoresistive pattern included in the magnetic sensor 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention. Note that each of the above-described magnetoresistances R is the same as in FIG.
- FIG. 3 (a) corresponds to a magnetic resistance pattern.
- six magnetoresistive elements R — R cancel out the fifth harmonic component in sets of three, and two
- each 11 ⁇ / 111 (111: the order of the harmonic component to be removed, ⁇ : the wavelength of the fundamental component of the output signal, and L: the harmonic component is canceled.
- phase of the displacement detection signal obtained from the magnetoresistive element R is only 2 ⁇ / (5 ⁇ 3)
- the fifth harmonic component of the displacement detection signal sin5 ⁇ + 2 ⁇ / (5 ⁇ 3) + 2 ⁇ / (5 ⁇ 3) ⁇ , overlaps the displacement detection signal when the magnetoresistive element R is connected in series.
- the fifth harmonic component of the signal goes to zero.
- the phase of the displacement detection signal obtained from the part of the magnetoresistive element R is not only 2 ⁇ / (3 X 2).
- the third harmonic component of the displacement detection signal becomes zero.
- the distance between the magnetoresistive elements R and R is also set.
- FIG. 13 (b) the six magnetoresistive elements R—R force are shown in FIG. 13 (b) —FIG. 13 (f).
- the third and fifth harmonic components can be canceled out, and thus, a displacement detection signal having a smooth waveform such as a fundamental wave component can be obtained.
- the number of magnetic resistance elements to be used is arbitrary, and the distance between the magnetic resistance elements is adjusted flexibly.
- the number of magnetoresistive elements that cancel out the third and fifth harmonic components can be increased to the extent that manufacturing is not difficult, and as a result, the thermal characteristics can be made uniform and the identification accuracy can be improved. S can.
- two types of harmonic components are cancelled.
- multiple types of harmonic components for example, three types or four types, may be canceled at once. It is possible.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing another example of a mode of forming a magnetoresistive pattern included in the magnetic sensor 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- the magneto-resistive elements R 1, R 2, R 3 and the magneto-resistive elements R 1, R 2, R 3 are separated by the distance P
- the third harmonic component can be made zero.
- the principle is the same as described above.
- the second harmonic component can be reduced to zero.
- the principle is the same as described above.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing another example of a mode of forming a magnetoresistive pattern included in the magnetic sensor 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- the magneto-resistive elements R 1, R 2, R 3 and the magneto-resistive elements R 1, R 2, R 3 are separated by the distance P
- the third harmonic component can be made zero.
- the principle is the same as described above.
- the second harmonic component can be reduced to zero.
- the principle is the same as described above.
- Each of the magnetoresistive elements is arranged at an interval calculated by ZmL, and "displacement detection" obtained from each portion is performed. The sum of the signals is used as the entire displacement detection signal to cancel out each harmonic component.Next, the ⁇ difference in the displacement detection signals '' is used as the entire displacement detection signal.
- a mode of forming a magnetoresistive pattern that cancels out each harmonic component will be described.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing another example of a mode of forming a magnetoresistive pattern included in the magnetic sensor 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- the mode of forming the magnetoresistive pattern shown in Fig. 17 (a) is such that two sets of magnetoresistive patterns shown in Fig. 13 (a) are arranged in series, and a displacement detection signal is extracted from the connection point. It cancels out each harmonic component.
- the magnetoresistive pattern (six magnetoresistive elements R 1 R) shown on the left side of FIG. 17 (a) cancels the fifth harmonic component in three sets, and sets two 3rd harmonic generation
- ⁇ ′ ⁇
- connection method shown in FIG. 17C is merely an example in the case where a differential amplifier is used for an external electronic circuit, and other connection methods may be used without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It is also possible to adopt.
- the signal period; I was set to 0.8 mm, and the output (displacement detection signal) Out was measured.
- the formation mode of the magnetic resistance pattern shown in FIG. 17 (a) not only the third and fifth and second and fourth harmonic components are canceled, but also the magnetic Mutual interference of displacement detection signals caused by the 12 resistive elements canceled out all ninth harmonic components and reduced the seventh harmonic component by 72%.
- the formation of the magnetoresistive pattern shown in FIG. According to the aspect, it can be seen that the total distortion up to the ninth harmonic component can be reduced at the same time.
- the signal period ⁇ was set to 0.8 mm, and the output (displacement detection signal) Out was measured.
- the third, second, and fourth harmonic components are all canceled, and the fifth harmonic component is reduced by 80%. % Reduction.
- the seventh harmonic component was 82 due to mutual interference of displacement detection signals due to the presence of 10 magnetoresistive elements. / 0 decreased.
- the seventh harmonic component can be significantly reduced as compared with the mode of forming the magnetoresistive pattern shown in FIG. 17A. I know I can do it.
- the magnetoresistive pattern has a plurality of magnetoresistive thin films.
- it is useful as a device capable of preventing a decrease in the degree of freedom of arrangement due to the narrowing of the interval between the respective magnetoresistive thin films.
- the magnetic sensor according to the present invention can increase the number of magnetoresistive elements while flexibly adjusting the distance between the magnetoresistive elements, thereby improving identification accuracy and uniforming thermal characteristics. It is useful as something that can be achieved.
- FIG. 1 (a) is an external view showing a facing arrangement relationship between a magnetic sensor and a movable object according to an embodiment of the present invention. (B) It is the top view which looked at the conventional magnetic sensor and the rotating drum from the upper part.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view of the magnetic sensor and the rotating drum according to the embodiment of the present invention as viewed from above.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory view illustrating a method for manufacturing two glass substrates, which are characteristic parts of the magnetic sensor according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing a time-series sensor output of the magnetic sensor according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a characteristic portion of a magnetic sensor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a waveform chart showing a manner of reducing adverse effects caused by characteristic variations of two glass substrates in the magnetic sensor according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is an external view for explaining an attached state of two glass substrates.
- FIG. 8 is a waveform diagram showing a manner of reducing an adverse effect due to a bonding error between two glass substrates in the magnetic sensor according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a schematic structure of a magnetic sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a waveform diagram showing a signal waveform of a displacement detection signal obtained from the magnetic sensor according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a graph showing a resistance R change characteristic of a magnetoresistive element with respect to an input magnetic field H from a magnetic scale 3.
- FIG. 12 A displacement detection signal obtained from the magnetic sensor according to the embodiment of the present invention is represented by each component.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of a state of forming a magnetoresistive pattern included in the magnetic sensor according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a view showing another example of the formation of the magnetoresistive pattern of the magnetic sensor according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing another example of a state of forming a magnetoresistive pattern included in the magnetic sensor according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a state where a plurality of magnetoresistive elements are substituted by one magnetoresistive element.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing another example of a state of forming a magnetoresistive pattern included in the magnetic sensor according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a view showing a schematic structure of a conventional magnetic sensor.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004025301 | 2004-02-02 | ||
| JP2004025300A JP4487093B2 (ja) | 2004-02-02 | 2004-02-02 | 磁気センサ |
| JP2004-025300 | 2004-02-02 | ||
| JP2004-025301 | 2004-02-02 | ||
| JP2004267134A JP2005249774A (ja) | 2004-02-02 | 2004-09-14 | 磁気センサ及びその製造方法 |
| JP2004-267134 | 2004-09-14 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2005073672A1 true WO2005073672A1 (ja) | 2005-08-11 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2005/001070 Ceased WO2005073672A1 (ja) | 2004-02-02 | 2005-01-27 | 磁気センサ及びその製造方法 |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| WO (1) | WO2005073672A1 (ja) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6029611A (ja) * | 1983-07-27 | 1985-02-15 | Sony Magnescale Inc | 検出ヘツド |
| JPH0666592A (ja) * | 1992-08-20 | 1994-03-08 | Sony Magnescale Inc | 磁気検出ヘッド |
| JPH10122909A (ja) * | 1996-10-23 | 1998-05-15 | Okuma Mach Works Ltd | 光学式エンコーダ |
| JP2001356026A (ja) * | 2000-06-14 | 2001-12-26 | Asahi Optical Co Ltd | 磁気式エンコーダおよび磁気式エンコーダを搭載した測量機 |
-
2005
- 2005-01-27 WO PCT/JP2005/001070 patent/WO2005073672A1/ja not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6029611A (ja) * | 1983-07-27 | 1985-02-15 | Sony Magnescale Inc | 検出ヘツド |
| JPH0666592A (ja) * | 1992-08-20 | 1994-03-08 | Sony Magnescale Inc | 磁気検出ヘッド |
| JPH10122909A (ja) * | 1996-10-23 | 1998-05-15 | Okuma Mach Works Ltd | 光学式エンコーダ |
| JP2001356026A (ja) * | 2000-06-14 | 2001-12-26 | Asahi Optical Co Ltd | 磁気式エンコーダおよび磁気式エンコーダを搭載した測量機 |
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