WO2004101787A1 - ハンチンチン遺伝子の発現抑制 - Google Patents
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- WO2004101787A1 WO2004101787A1 PCT/JP2004/006360 JP2004006360W WO2004101787A1 WO 2004101787 A1 WO2004101787 A1 WO 2004101787A1 JP 2004006360 W JP2004006360 W JP 2004006360W WO 2004101787 A1 WO2004101787 A1 WO 2004101787A1
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
- A61K31/7088—Compounds having three or more nucleosides or nucleotides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/14—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abnormal movements, e.g. chorea, dyskinesia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/11—DNA or RNA fragments; Modified forms thereof; Non-coding nucleic acids having a biological activity
- C12N15/113—Non-coding nucleic acids modulating the expression of genes, e.g. antisense oligonucleotides; Antisense DNA or RNA; Triplex- forming oligonucleotides; Catalytic nucleic acids, e.g. ribozymes; Nucleic acids used in co-suppression or gene silencing
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2310/00—Structure or type of the nucleic acid
- C12N2310/10—Type of nucleic acid
- C12N2310/14—Type of nucleic acid interfering nucleic acids [NA]
Definitions
- the present invention utilizes the RNAi (RNA interference) method, and is capable of suppressing the expression of the huntingtin gene, which is capable of suppressing the expression of a huntingtin mRNA and having a homology to a specific sequence which is a target of huntingtin mRNA.
- Double-stranded RNA siRNA: small interfering RNA
- siRNA small interfering RNA
- a huntingtin gene expression inhibitor comprising the double-stranded RNA
- Huntington's disease containing the expression inhibitor as an active ingredient Prevention and Z or therapeutic agents.
- Huntington's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by movement disorders, cognitive loss and psychiatric manifestations U. Med. 315, 1267-1276, 1986). The disease usually begins in the middle age of 30 to 50 years of age, but in some cases it can begin very early or later. Symptoms are progressive and, in most cases, result in death 10 to 20 years after onset as a result of secondary complications of movement disorders. Post-mortem studies of Huntington's disease brains have revealed selective loss of neurons affecting the striatum. In humans, the gene responsible for Huntington's disease, the huntingtin gene, is sandwiched between loci D4S126 and D4S98 in the cytogenetic subband at the end of the short arm of chromosome 4.
- Huntington's disease is a phenomenon in which CAG repeats elongate in the first exon of huntingtin gene transcription and are translated into polyglutamine (polyQ) tracts, resulting in progressive loss of brain striatal neurons. It is an inherited neurodegenerative disease (Annu. Rev. Med. 47, 201-209, 1996). That is, Huntington's disease is caused by abnormal elongation of CAG repeats on the first exon site of the huntingtin gene, leading to selective neuronal striatal neuronal loss.
- the huntingtin gene encodes huntingtin, a cytoplasmic protein with a molecular mass of 348 kDa, and is widely expressed in both central nervous system (CNS) and non-central nervous system (non-CNS) tissues .
- CNS central nervous system
- non-CNS non-central nervous system
- the CAG triplets of the HD gene are translated into polyglutamine (polyQ).
- polyQ polyglutamine
- CAG repeats of 6-37, 35-; L80 are contained in normal and mutant (mutant) huntingtin alleles, respectively.
- methods for treating Huntington's disease include treating the huntingtin gene, targeting the huntingtin gene, or using a substance that antagonizes the huntingtin protein expressed by the huntingtin gene. It has been disclosed.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-67661 discloses a method of introducing a DNA that expresses a normal huntingtin protein into a patient's cells and replacing the mutant huntingtin gene with a normal gene.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-503008 discloses a method for treating an autosomal dominant disease such as Huntington's disease by allele-specific targeting targeting RNA of Huntington's disease. A method of treatment is disclosed. I However, these treatment methods are not always as expected due to the complexity and stability of gene transfer or the treatment effect obtained.
- RNAi RNA interference
- RNAi was initially discovered in mammalian cells.When dsRNA of about 30 bp or more was introduced into mammalian cells, apoptosis occurred due to the inherent immune function of the cells, and the cells died. Therefore, its use in mammalian cells was considered difficult. However, in 2000, it was shown that RNAi could occur in mouse early embryos and cultured mammalian cells, and it was clear that the mechanism of RNAi induction itself exists in mammalian cells. (FEBS Lett 479, 79-82, 2000, WO 01/36664).
- RNAi RNAi-binding protein
- diseases cancer, endocrine disorders, immune disorders, etc.
- genes or genes Treat symptoms can be used to
- the disease may be caused by the expression of the mutant protein, and in such a case, the disease can be treated by suppressing the expression of the mutated allele.
- gene-specific inhibition can be used, for example, to treat viral diseases caused by retroviruses such as HIV (the viral genes in retroviruses are integrated and expressed in the genomes of their hosts). It can also be used to do so.
- Ds RNA which causes the function of RN Ai, was originally thought to require the introduction of ds RNA of about 30 bp or more into cells, but recently, shorter (21 to 23 bp) Found that ds RNA (short double-stranded RNA: small interfering RNA) can induce RNAi in mammalian cell lines without showing cytotoxicity (Nature 411, 494-498, 2001) .
- siRNA is recognized as a powerful means of suppressing gene expression at all developmental stages of somatic cells, and it is important to suppress the expression of genes that cause disease in advanced genetic diseases, etc. It can be expected as a method to control. However, there has been no report to date that such a method for suppressing gene-specific gene expression by dsRNA has been effectively applied to a genetic disease of Huntington's disease (HD).
- HD Huntington's disease
- An object of the present invention is to provide a double-stranded RNA (siRNA) comprising a sense strand RNA and an antisense strand RNA homologous to a specific sequence targeted by huntingtin mRNA, which can suppress the expression of the huntingtin gene. It is an object of the present invention to provide an agent for suppressing the expression of a huntingtin gene comprising a double-stranded RNA, and a prophylactic and / or therapeutic agent for Hunting's disease containing the expression inhibitor as an active ingredient.
- siRNA double-stranded RNA
- CAG repeats elongate in the first exon of HD gene transcripts and are translated into polyglutamine (polyQ) tracts. The result is a hereditary neurodegenerative disease due to progressive loss of brain striatal neurons.
- dsRNA sequences homologous to this sequence are: a) 5, siRNAs targeting untranslated regions_5, UTR, and, b) siRNAs targeting the upstream upstream region of CAG repeats.
- the present invention provides (1) a double-stranded DNA comprising a sense strand RNA and an antisense strand RNA that can suppress the expression of the huntingtin gene and are homologous to a specific sequence targeted by huntingtin mRNA.
- the specific sequence to be a target of huntingtin mRNA comprises RNA derived from the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 in the sequence listing; (2) the double-stranded RNA described in (1); )
- the specific sequence to be a target of huntingtin mRNA is a base sequence of 19 to 24 bp (1) or (2) the double-stranded RNA described in (2) or (4) SEQ ID NO: 1 in the sequence listing
- the double-stranded RNA according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the RNA derived from the nucleotide sequence is an RNA derived from a region near the upstream of the CAG repeat of exon 1 of the huntingtin gene, (5)
- the RNA derived from the region near the upstream of the CAG repeat of exon 1 of the huntingtin gene consists of the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 3 in the sequence listing and the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 4 in the sequence listing (1).
- the double-stranded RNA according to (1) which comprises a sequence and a nucleotide sequence complementary to the nucleotide sequence, and (7) a double-stranded RNA formed from a sense strand RNA and an antisense strand RNA synthesized by synthesis (1).
- the double-stranded RNA described in any one of (1) to (6) which is formed from the sense strand RNA and the antisense strand RNA produced by using the gene recombination method;
- the sense and RNA sense strands are formed by introducing into a host cell an expression vector incorporating a DNA capable of transcribing each of the RNAs, and obtaining the generated RNAs.
- the double-stranded RNA described in (8) is formed from the sense strand RNA and the antisense strand RNA produced by using the gene recombination method.
- the present invention also provides (10) a huntingtin gene expression inhibitor comprising the double-stranded RNA according to any one of the above (1) to (9), and (11) the above (1) to (9) A huntingtin gene expression inhibitor comprising a fusion in which the double-stranded RNA described in any one of the above is added to a TAT sequence which is a protein transduction domain derived from HIV-1; and (12) the above (1) to ( 9) A huntingtin gene expression inhibitor comprising a complex of the double-stranded R ⁇ ⁇ according to any one of the above and positively charged liposome / lipid, or (13) any of the above (1) to (6) A huntingtin gene expression inhibitor comprising an expression vector into which a DNA capable of transcribing the double-stranded A described above has been incorporated.
- the present invention provides (14) a mammalian organism or a mammalian organism, which comprises introducing the expression inhibitor according to any of (10) to (13) into a mammalian organism or a living cell.
- a method for suppressing the expression of the huntingtin gene in living cells is a method for suppressing the expression of the huntingtin gene in living cells.
- a prophylactic and / or therapeutic agent for Huntington's disease containing the expression inhibitor according to any one of (10) to (13) as an active ingredient; and (16) a pharmaceutically acceptable agent.
- FIG. 1 is a photograph showing sequences of siRNAs and a target site in an example of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a photograph showing a target site of siRNA and an expression construct of pdlEGFPN1 in Examples of the present invention.
- a is the target site (black arrow) using siRNA
- b is pdlEGFP N1 plasmid
- c is pdlEGFP into which HD exon 1 containing various numbers of CAG repeats (poly Q) was inserted.
- 4 is a photograph showing an N1 expression construct.
- FIG. 3 is a photograph showing fluorescence microscopic observation of COS-7 cells obtained by cotransfecting siRNA-HD exon 1 in Examples of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a photograph showing a COS-7 cell obtained by transfecting si RNA-5 ′ UTR in an example of the present invention, which is observed by a fluorescence microscope.
- FIG. 5 is a photograph showing observation of COS-7 cells obtained by cotransfecting siRNA-CAG in a working example of the present invention using a fluorescence microscope.
- FIG. 6 shows that the siRNA-CAG was cotran
- FIG. 9 is a photograph showing observation of the affected COS-7 cells by a fluorescence microscope.
- a is a diagram showing that the effect of siRNA and the effect of siRNA are different depending on the target position and cell type by normalizing the untreated control (four independent experiments) with the average value of EGFP light.
- B shows the result of transfection of the parent vector (without HD exon 1) with each of the three siRNAs
- c shows the m'RN of HD, ⁇ -actin, and GAP DH against the untreated control. It is a photograph showing the relative average of the amount.
- FIG. 7 is a photograph showing that the weight loss of R62 mice in the sRNA-HD exon treatment group was significantly suppressed at the age of 14 weeks in the examples of the present invention.
- si RN A Comparing the HD exon-treated group and the untreated group, the weight of the untreated group (Dare-bar) is significantly lower than that of the wild-type (WT; black bar).
- the treatment group red bar shows only a slight decrease.
- FIG. 8 is a photograph showing that the survival time of the siRNA-HDexon-treated group in R6 / 2 mice was significantly increased in the examples of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 shows that the expression level of mutant huntingtin mRNA in the striatum was reduced 48 hours after intracerebral injection into R 6/2 mice in the siRNA-HD exon treatment group in the examples of the present invention.
- 4 is a photograph of the results of quantitative RT-PCR showing The vertical axis indicates the relative value of the mRNA level of mutant huntingtin, the gray bar indicates the value using] 3-actin as the internal standard, and the red bar indicates the value using GAPDH as the internal standard.
- FIG. 10 is a photograph showing that the frequency of appearance of intranuclear inclusions in the striatum of the neurons in the R6 / 2 mice in the siRNA-HD exon-treated group was significantly reduced in the examples of the present invention.
- A-F is anti-huntingtin
- the body, GH shows that it was stained with anti-ubiquitin antibody.
- any double-stranded RNA consisting of a sense strand RNA and an antisense strand RNA that can suppress the expression of the huntingtin gene and that is homologous to the specific sequence targeted by huntingtin mRNA is used.
- the origin of the huntingtin gene is not particularly limited, but a human-derived huntingtin gene is preferred.
- Such a huntingtin gene includes the first exon CBI accession numbers L123992 and NM-0.221 of the huntingtin gene consisting of the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 in the sequence listing: -584th; SEQ ID NO: 1 in the sequence listing, and the corresponding amino acid sequence of the gene is shown in SEQ ID NO: 2) (Cell 72, 6, .971-983, 1993).
- the specific sequence targeted by the huntingtin mRNA is a partial sequence of a specific region of the huntingtin mRNA, preferably 19 to 24 bp, more preferably 21 to 23 bp, and particularly preferably 2 to 23 bp.
- the target sequence of the huntingtin mRNA is RNA derived from a region near the upstream of the CAG repeat of exon 1 of the huntingtin gene, particularly SEQ ID NO: in the sequence listing.
- RNA derived from the 343rd to 363rd base sequence of the base sequence shown in 1 can be suitably exemplified.
- the sense strand RNA homologous to the specific sequence targeted by huntingtin mRNA refers to RNA derived from the nucleotide sequence at positions 343 to 363 of the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 above.
- the antisense strand RNA homologous to the specific sequence targeted by the tintin mRNA refers to RNA complementary to the above sense strand RNA.
- the sense strand RNA GC CUUC GAGUC C CUCAAGUC C (SEQ ID NO: 3)
- the anti Preferable examples of the sense strand RNA include UC C GGAAGCUCAGGGAGUUC A (SEQ ID NO: 4).
- GAUGGAC GGC C GCUCAGGUUU (SEQ ID NO: 5) can be mentioned as the sense strand RNA
- UUCUAC CUGC C GGC GAG UC CA (SEQ ID NO: 6) can be mentioned as the antisense strand RNA.
- the double-stranded RNA of the present invention is usually constructed as an siRNA in which these sense strand RNA and antisense strand RNA are bound to each other, but for convenience, one or several bases are contained in the sense strand RNA sequence.
- the present invention also relates to a double-stranded RNA constructed as an siRNA comprising a deleted, substituted or added mutant sense strand RNA sequence and a mutant antisense strand RNA sequence complementary to the mutant sense strand RNA sequence. Included in the range.
- the “base sequence in which one or several bases are deleted, substituted or added” refers to, for example, 1 to 5, preferably 1 to 3, more preferably 1 to 2, and more preferably 1 to 2. Means a base sequence in which an arbitrary number of bases are deleted, substituted or added.
- dsRNA double-stranded RNA
- known methods such as a method using synthesis and a method using gene recombination technology can be used as appropriate.
- a double-stranded RNA can be synthesized by a conventional method based on sequence information.
- an expression vector incorporating a sense strand DNA or an antisense strand DNA is constructed, the vector is introduced into a host cell, and then the sense strand RNA generated by transcription is prepared. And antisense strand RNA can be obtained by obtaining each.
- a desired double-stranded RNA can be prepared by expressing RNA forming a hairpin structure using a sense strand DNA-linker-antisense strand DNA having a specific sequence of the huntingtin gene. .
- the huntingtin gene expression inhibitor of the present invention includes
- ds RNA Heavy-chain RNA
- ds RNA a fusion product in which the double-stranded RNA is added to a TAT sequence that is a protein transduction domain derived from HIV-1, a complex of the double-stranded RNA and positively charged ribosome Z lipid
- An example is an expression vector into which DNA capable of transcribing double-stranded RNA has been incorporated.
- the expression vector include lentivirus vectors, herpesvirus (HSV) vectors, adenovirus vectors, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vectors, and other viral vectors, and animal cell expression plasmids. .
- the prophylactic and / or therapeutic agent for Huntington's disease of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it contains the huntingtin gene expression inhibitor of the present invention as an active ingredient.
- Carriers that are acceptable for use such as binders, stabilizers, excipients, diluents, pH buffers, disintegrants, solubilizers, solubilizers, isotonic agents, etc. Can be used.
- Pharmaceutical compositions for use with the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier can be used in the field of pharmacy in accordance with the form of administration, for example, oral (including buccal or sublingual) administration or parenteral administration (such as injection). Then, it can be formulated in a well-known formulation form.
- the method for suppressing the expression of the huntingtin gene of the present invention and the method for preventing and / or treating Huntington's disease of the present invention include the expression inhibitor of the present invention and the preventive and / or therapeutic agent for Huntington's disease according to the present invention.
- the method is not particularly limited as long as it is introduced into an animal body, tissue or cell.
- a gene that transcribes each RNA of a double-stranded RNA a gene that transcribes a hairpin-shaped double-stranded RNA
- the gene can be introduced into the living body or living cells of an animal by a gene transfer method known per se. For example, the following introduction methods can be mentioned.
- Intracerebral injection can be synthesized in vivo by incorporating double-stranded RNA or siRNA during fetal or neonatal period
- a known viral vector, plasmid, TAT-siRNA, positively charged ribosome Z lipid-siRNA complex is directly injected into the brain. Administer intraventricularly during maturation.
- Pulse injection method from the vein of the limb or tail a known viral vector, plasmid, or positively charged ribosome Z that can be synthesized in a living body incorporating a considerable amount of double-stranded RNA or siRNA in a short time. Inject the lipid-siRNA complex.
- Intraperitoneal administration method Inject TAT-siRNA, a known virus vector that can be synthesized in vivo and incorporates siRNA.
- Nasal mucosal instillation method TAT-siRNA, a known viral vector which can be synthesized in vivo and incorporates double-stranded RNA and siRNA, is absorbed from the nasal mucosa.
- RNAs were designed (Fig. 1). 21 Three types of RNAs consisting of 1 nucleotides, ie, (1) siRNA—HD exon 1 sense strand: 343 to 363 of SEQ ID NO: 1; GC CUUC G AGUC C CUCAAGUC C (SEQ ID NO: 3), antisense strand: complementary to nucleotides 341-136 of SEQ ID NO: 1; UCC GGAAGCUCAGG GAGUUCA (SEQ ID NO: 4), (2) siRNA-5'UTR sense strand: 1 of SEQ ID NO: 1 90th to 210th; GAUGGAC GGC C GCU
- Double-stranded siRNAs were prepared using an annealing buffer (100 mM potassium acetate, 2 mM magnesium acetate, 30 mM HE PES, pH adjusted to 7.4 with potassium hydroxide, 4 ° C). In the medium, 20 mM of the sense strand and the antisense strand RNA were annealed. After the reaction mixture was reacted at 95 ° C for 5 minutes, it was gradually cooled to 37 ° C over 1.5 hours and left at room temperature for 6 to 20 hours. The siRNAs after annealing were stored at 120 ° C. or 180 ° C. until use.
- annealing buffer 100 mM potassium acetate, 2 mM magnesium acetate, 30 mM HE PES, pH adjusted to 7.4 with potassium hydroxide, 4 ° C.
- 20 mM of the sense strand and the antisense strand RNA were annealed. After the reaction mixture was reacted at 95 ° C for 5 minutes, it was gradually cooled
- the two types of constructs may or may not contain the 5'UTR, and both types will usually contain the HD gene (containing 34 CAG repeats) or the mutant (containing 35 or more CAG repeats) HD genes. It was made using The construct was fused with an in-frame having a human HD 5 ′ UTR fragment and exon 1 full-length pdlEGFP-Nl (de-stabled EGFP, Clontech) EGFP (see FIG. 2).
- C0S—7 cells African green monkey fibroblasts: African green monkey fibroblasts
- SH—sy5y cells human neurob 1 astoma: human neuroblastoma
- Neuro-2A cells mouse neur ob 1 as toma: mouse human Neuroblastoma
- C0S-7 cells are in Minimum Essential Medium-Alpha Medium (Gibco BRL)
- SH-sy5y cells and Neuro-2A cells are in DMEM (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium) medium (Gibco BRL). Each was cultured.
- the culture medium contains 10% heat-inactivated fetal serum, lO UZmL @ Commonlin (manufactured by Meiji Seika), and 50/2 g / mL streptomycin (manufactured by Meiji Seika). .
- Effectene (Qiagen, Germany): 96-well plates were used for cell culture and transfection experiments. Approximately 40-60% confluent cells were pre-cultured for 24 hours prior to transfection according to the manufacturer's instructions. 0.5 L of Effectene reagent was added to each well and the results were analyzed 24 hours later.
- Lipofectaraine 2000 (Invitrogen, USA): Approximately 80% confluent cells were pre-cultured for 24 hours before transfection according to the manufacturer's instructions. 0.3 L of Lipofectamine 2000 reagent was added to each well.
- siRNAs were introduced into SH-sy5y cells using Lipofectamine 2000 reagent. Cells are harvested 48 hours after transfection. Recovered and total RNA was extracted using Trizol (Invitrogen, USA).
- the culture plate was observed with a fluorescence microscope 24 hours and 48 hours after the transfusion.
- GFP fluorescence was measured using Wallac 1420 ARVO sx (ParkinElmer, USA) or FluoreScan 11 (excitation: 485 nm, emission: 538 nm).
- B6CBA-Tg (HDexonl) 62oGpb / J Generic name: R6 / 2, purchased from The Jackson Laboratory, USA) was used.
- This mouse is an exon containing a part of the huntingtin gene and a 114 CAG repeat region 1)
- a transgenic mouse F1 female into which a human gene of about lkb in length has been introduced. Hemizygote transplanted from the ovary. It begins between about 9 weeks and 11 weeks after birth, and clinical symptoms include weight loss, tremor, anxiety gait, and convulsive seizures. All patients die by 15 weeks of age.
- As a neuropathological finding nuclear inclusions stained with anti-huntingtin antibody and anti-ubiquitin antibody can be detected in nuclei of almost all nerve cells. (In vivo administration method)
- Quantification of mRNA level Quantitative analysis of mRNA of mutant huntingtin after intracerebral administration was performed by real-time RT-PCR using an ABI 7700 sequence detector system (ABI, USA). Primer sequence: 5'-GCGCGCGCTCTCCAGCTTCCT-3, (forward; SEQ ID NO: 9); 5'-GCGGTGGTGGCGGGCGGGGCGG-3 '(reverse; SEQ ID NO: 10). GAPDH and (3-actin) were used as internal standards.
- Histopathological analysis preperfusion with PBS at room temperature for 5 minutes, perfusion fixation with 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA), brain removal immediately, and quick fixation at 4 ° C with the same fixative. Fixed after night. After that, the brain tissue was embedded in paraffin to make a 4 mm thick section. Immunostaining was performed using the ABC method (Vectorstain Elite ABC kit. Vector Labs, Burlinggame, USA). ⁇ A heron anti-ubiquitin poloclonal antibody (1: 100; Dako, CA, USA) and a mouse anti-huntingtin monoclonal antibody (mEM48, 1: 500; Chemicon, Temecula, USA) were used. After DAB color development, post-dyeing with hematoxylin, dehydration, clarification, encapsulation, observation with a light microscope, and photographing.
- ABC method Vectorstain Elite ABC kit. Vector Labs, Burlinggame, USA.
- Body weight change Body weight was measured weekly from 4 weeks of age.
- Tail suspension test Between the age of 4 weeks and 14 weeks of age, the time required to hold the mouse's tail, suspend it, and embrace the hind limb in the ventral side every week until it is judged as “onset” was measured. Came out within 15 seconds as a judgment standard And the onset is determined.
- siRNA-HD exon 1 showed a very high effect, with a target transgene expression of 80% when the final concentration of the siRNA in the medium was 40 nM. The above was suppressed.
- siRNA-5'UTR, siRNA-CAG showed only moderate to weak effects (FIG. 6a, determined by measurement with GFP light).
- siRNA-CAG has a non-specific inhibitory effect of suppressing the expression of a vector lacking the HD gene exon 1.
- Fig. 6b siRNA induced mRNA degradation of the target trastect gene, which was predicted by quantitative RT_PCR.
- HD Huntington's disease
- siRNA-HD exon 1 suppressed the expression of Huntington's disease (HD) most, so that the present inventors expressed the expression of endogenous HD in SH-sy5y cells.
- the effect on was investigated. Quantitative measurement of HD mRNA showed that expression of the endogenous HD gene was inhibited by 60% or more 48 hours after use of siRNA-HDexon 1.
- the mRNA levels of both GAP DH and j3-actin did not change significantly, demonstrating that siRNA-HD exon 1 specifically represses the HD gene (Figure 6c). ⁇ (In vivo data)
- FIG. 9 shows that the frequency of ubiquitin and huntingtin-positive nuclear aggregates in the striatum was significantly reduced in the siRNA-HD exon-treated group ( Figure 10). ).
- Figure 10 shows huntingtin and ubiquitin-positive nuclear inclusions in the striatum of 10-week-old R6 / 2 transgenic mice.
- AF indicates huntingtin and GH indicates ubiquitin staining.
- the R6 / 2 mouse (B, E, C, F) has a clearly strong nuclear positivity compared to the wild-type mouse (A, D), which is not detected at all.
- the number of nuclear inclusions in the mice treated with the siRNA-HD exoxone group (C, F) was significantly reduced as compared with the control untreated group (B, E).
- the number of ubiquitin nuclear inclusions in mice treated with siRNA-HD exon was also reduced (G: untreated group; H: siRNA-HD exon treated group).
- a single injection reduces the level of transcription of the huntingtin gene in vivo and reduces the formation of new nuclear aggregates in R6Z2 mice, resulting in the longevity of this mouse. Extended.
- RNAi has also been shown to function in mature mice (Nature 418, 38-39, 2002), efficient suppression of HD expression can be achieved in vivo in various types of cells and model animals. After suppressing endogenous huntingtin in Escherichia coli, it is useful for studying the functions of huntingtin that have not yet been elucidated. Using s iRNA technology as a therapy can be a strategy for treating HD patients (Mol. Med. Today 3, 175-183, 1997). Suppression of HD expression to a certain extent can halt disease progression. Because hunting
- dsRNA double-stranded RNA
- the dsRNA of the present invention was prepared by determining the dsRNA sequence from the results of searching for sequence rarity in the genome and examining the predicted secondary structure of the huntingtin gene product.
- the dsRNA of the present invention suppresses gene expression by: NA interference, but its effect is specific and efficient, and specifically and efficiently suppresses huntingtin gene expression.
- the short double-stranded RNA (siRNA) constructed in the present invention has a remarkable inhibitory effect, and is expected to be a drug for realizing gene therapy for Huntington's disease.
- Huntington's disease is a hereditary disease that is progressive and for which no useful treatment has been established.Therefore, it is expected that specific and efficient suppression of the expression of the mutant gene that causes the disease will be a useful treatment. I have.
- RNAi RNA interference
- dsRNA double-stranded RNA
- dentate nucleus pallidum pallidum-Louis atrophy, spinocerebellar ataxia, spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy and Machado-Joseph disease are triplet-repeat diseases with a common pathogenesis to Huntington's disease. Therefore, the establishment of a method for treating Huntington's disease according to the present invention opens up the possibility of overcoming diseases having these common features.
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Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2526893A CA2526893C (en) | 2003-05-14 | 2004-04-30 | Inhibition of the expression of huntingtin gene |
| US10/556,711 US7589189B2 (en) | 2003-05-14 | 2004-04-30 | Inhibition of the expression of huntingtin gene |
| JP2005506175A JP4179562B2 (ja) | 2003-05-14 | 2004-04-30 | ハンチンチン遺伝子の発現抑制 |
| AU2004239114A AU2004239114B2 (en) | 2003-05-14 | 2004-04-30 | Inhibition of the expression of huntingtin gene |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003-136477 | 2003-05-14 | ||
| JP2003136477 | 2003-05-14 |
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| WO2004101787A1 true WO2004101787A1 (ja) | 2004-11-25 |
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| WO (1) | WO2004101787A1 (ja) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US7589189B2 (en) | 2009-09-15 |
| JPWO2004101787A1 (ja) | 2006-07-13 |
| CA2526893A1 (en) | 2004-11-25 |
| AU2004239114B2 (en) | 2008-03-13 |
| JP4179562B2 (ja) | 2008-11-12 |
| AU2004239114A1 (en) | 2004-11-25 |
| US20080015158A1 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
| CA2526893C (en) | 2010-10-26 |
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