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WO2004003346A1 - Steam turbine - Google Patents

Steam turbine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004003346A1
WO2004003346A1 PCT/CH2003/000426 CH0300426W WO2004003346A1 WO 2004003346 A1 WO2004003346 A1 WO 2004003346A1 CH 0300426 W CH0300426 W CH 0300426W WO 2004003346 A1 WO2004003346 A1 WO 2004003346A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
steam
rotor
protective shields
inner housing
steam turbine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CH2003/000426
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Martin Reigl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Switzerland GmbH
GE Vernova GmbH
Original Assignee
Alstom Technology AG
Alstom Schweiz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alstom Technology AG, Alstom Schweiz AG filed Critical Alstom Technology AG
Priority to JP2004516410A priority Critical patent/JP4525976B2/en
Priority to AU2003240366A priority patent/AU2003240366A1/en
Priority to DE10392802T priority patent/DE10392802B4/en
Publication of WO2004003346A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004003346A1/en
Priority to US11/017,758 priority patent/US7488153B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
    • F01D5/08—Heating, heat-insulating or cooling means
    • F01D5/081—Cooling fluid being directed on the side of the rotor disc or at the roots of the blades
    • F01D5/084—Cooling fluid being directed on the side of the rotor disc or at the roots of the blades the fluid circulating at the periphery of a multistage rotor, e.g. of drum type

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of steam turbines. It relates to a steam turbine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a medium-pressure steam turbine in which cooling steam is removed from the outlet of the high-pressure turbine before reheating and guided from an annular space outside the steam duct via axial bores in the rotor into the first two stages of the turbine and is fed into the steam duct from the blade feet.
  • Such a solution can only be used with high-pressure turbines, but not with medium-pressure turbines.
  • the object is achieved by the entirety of the features of claim 1.
  • the essence of the invention is to arrange, at least in the steam channel parallel and close to the surface of the rotor and / or parallel and close to the inner surface of the inner housing, plate-shaped protective shields which protect the underlying surface of the rotor or inner housing from the direct action of the flowing through the steam channel Protect hot steam.
  • a first preferred embodiment is characterized in that the protective shields, as passive protective shields, rest directly on the surface of the rotor or the inner housing to be protected or are separated from the surface to be protected only by a gap. They are not actively cooled, but act because the hot steam of the steam duct no longer flows past at high speed and are therefore called "passive" protective shields or plates here.
  • the high speed is caused by the rotor rotation and the steam flow relative to the inner housing and causes the heat transfer from the hot steam to the component surface to be increased.
  • the fact that the hot steam temperature still acts due to the protective shields, but there is no longer any relative speed between the steam and the component surface, significantly reduces the heat transfer.
  • the protective shields can be formed (on the rotor side) as part of the rotor blades attached to the rotor.
  • a second preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the protective shields are arranged at a distance from the surface of the rotor or the inner housing to be protected, and the steam turbine is designed in such a way that cooling steam flows through the intermediate space.
  • First protective shields are preferably arranged in the front stages of the steam channel in the direction of flow, and the cooling steam is removed from the steam channel in one of the stages located further downstream and returned through the intermediate space counter to the direction of flow. Heated steam is therefore used, which is only removed from the steam duct when it has already covered a pressure drop. As a result, the steam is colder than the steam in the inflow. This cooler steam is now diverted and conducted in the gaps along the rotor surface or the housing surface to the first stages to which the hottest steam is applied.
  • cooling or cooling steam can flow in this direction, it is directed to a point with a lower pressure level.
  • This location can be, for example, a sealing chamber in a piston or housing shaft seal or, in the case of double-flow machines, a rear step in the second flow.
  • This point can also be the machine's exhaust steam. So that no hot steam flows into the cooling interstices, it is necessary to seal the cooling interstice from the hot steam under higher pressure. Pressure-tight protective shields or plates are used for this.
  • the steam turbine has a single-flow design and a seal, in particular in the form of a piston or housing shaft seal, is provided in the area of the inflow on the side opposite the steam channel between the rotor and the inner casing, second protective shields are preferred in the area of the seal, forming a wider space arranged at a distance from the surface of the rotor or the inner housing to be protected, and the cooling steam flowing through the intermediate space behind the first protective shields is then passed through the intermediate spaces behind the second protective shields.
  • a seal in particular in the form of a piston or housing shaft seal
  • first and second protective shields are provided to protect the surface of the rotor, a common intermediate space is formed behind the first and second protective shields.
  • first and second protective shields are provided to protect the surface of the inner housing, are behind the first and second protective shields Intermediate spaces are formed which are connected to one another, preferably by a channel or bore around the area of the inflow in the inner housing.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a first preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention with actively steam-cooled protective shields for protecting the rotor;
  • FIG. 2 shows, in a representation comparable to FIG. 1, a second preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention with actively steam-cooled protective shields for protecting the inner housing;
  • Embodiment for "passive”, not steam-cooled protective shields which are mounted on the rotor by means of hammer-head-like feet in the area of the seal;
  • Fig. 4 is a preferred in an enlarged section
  • Embodiment for actively steam-cooled protective shields which are mounted on the rotor by means of hammer-head-like feet in the area of the seal;
  • Fig. 5 is a preferred in an enlarged section
  • Fig. 6 is a preferred in an enlarged section
  • Embodiment for actively steam-cooled protective shields which are mounted on the rotor between the blades by means of hammer-head-like feet.
  • FIG. 7 shows, in a representation comparable to FIG. 1, a third preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention with actively steam-cooled protective shields for protecting the inner housing;
  • 1 shows a first preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention with actively steam-cooled protective shields for protecting the rotor.
  • 1 shows an arrangement for a steam turbine 10 with a single-flow inner casing 11. Hot steam flows from the inflow 15 through the steam duct 14, which is formed between the inner casing 11 and the rotor 12 of the steam turbine 10, which can be rotated about an axis 13, and in the guide vanes 16 and rotor blades 17 are located in several stages connected in series. The pressure and temperature of the steam decrease from stage to stage.
  • steam is removed after the second stage (see the arrows) and is used as cooling steam in a space 21 under protective shields 18 and 19 along the surface of the rotor 12 and into the rear third of a piston seal 22, which is located between the rotor 12 and inner housing 11 is located on the side of the inflow opposite the steam duct 14.
  • the cooling steam mixes with the over the first two thirds steam from the inflow 15 is relaxed from the piston seal 22.
  • Passive protective shields 20 are attached to the rotor 12 in the last third of the piston seal 22, although they do not keep the above-mentioned mixed steam at high temperature away from the rotor, for example via gaps in the protective shield 20 to the rotor. Can penetrate the door surface, but prevent this mixed steam from causing a high relative speed to the rotor surface and thus a high heat input into the rotor.
  • FIG. 2 a representation comparable to FIG. 1 shows a steam turbine 10 in an arrangement in which steam from the third stage of the steam duct 14 is used (see the arrows shown) in order to cool the inner casing 11.
  • the cooling steam is passed through an intermediate space 27 which is formed between the inner surface of the inner housing 11 and protective shields 23 arranged at a distance above it in the steam channel or protective shields 24 in the seal or piston seal 22.
  • a channel or a bore 26 is provided in the inner housing 11 here.
  • the cooling steam is separated from the hot steam by the protective shields 23 in the steam channel 14 and 24 in the piston seal 22.
  • the cooling or cooling steam is mixed with the sealing steam that comes from the inflow 15 via the seal 22.
  • the inner housing 11 is then provided with a passive protective shield 25 within the seal 22.
  • FIG. 7 shows a steam turbine 10 in an arrangement comparable to FIG. 2, in which an additional space 41 is created between the inner casing 11 and the outer casing 40 by seals 42, 43.
  • an additional space 41 is created between the inner casing 11 and the outer casing 40 by seals 42, 43.
  • two channels 26a and 26b are provided here in the inner housing. The cooling steam flows from the space 27 at
  • FIG. 3 shows preferred exemplary embodiments for passive protective shields or plates 20a, 20b and 20c in the piston or shaft seal 22.
  • the protective shields 20a, 20b, 20c are fastened in the rotor 12 with hammer-head-like feet.
  • a narrow gap 29 with the width a may and should even be present between the protective shields 20a, 20b, 20c and the rotor surface in order to reduce the heat transfer from the protective shields 20a, 20b, 20c to the rotor 12.
  • Sealing strips 30 are attached to the protective shields 20a, 20b, 20c and, together with the sealing strips 31 on the inner housing 11, throttle the steam.
  • protective shields or plates 19a, 19b that is to say protective shields which separate the steam flow in the seal 22 against the cooling steam flow in the intermediate space 21 between the protective shields 19a, 19b and the rotor 12 in a pressure-resistant manner.
  • These protective shields 19a, 19b are located in a piston or shaft seal 22. In this example, too, they are fastened in the rotor 12 with hammer-like feet 28. They each have axial bores 32 so that the cooling steam can pass through the feet of the protective shields 19a, 19b unhindered.
  • alternating sealing strips 30, 31 are provided between the protective shields 19a, 19b and the inner housing 11, between which the hot steam flows.
  • Fig. 5 shows protective shields 33 in the steam channel 14, which are part of the blades 17 and can be either active or passive protective shields.
  • the protective shields 33 overlap at the edges in order to achieve increased tightness.
  • FIG. 6 finally shows active protective shields or plates 18 in the steam channel 14, below which there are in turn spaces 21 in which the cooling steam flows (see arrows shown).
  • the protective shields 18 are also fastened to the rotor 12 with hammer-head-like feet 28.
  • holes 36 are made in the protective shields 18 and holes 37 in the feet of the blades 17.
  • Sealing strips 35 are located between the guide blades 16 and the protective shields 18 in order to seal the pressure drop at the guide wheel. Sealing strips 34 are also provided between the inner housing 11 and the rotor blades 17.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a steam turbine (10) comprising an inner housing (11) inside which a rotor (12) that is rotatable around an axis (13) is arranged. A steam duct (14), within which a staggered arrangement of guide blades (16) that are fixed to the inner housing (12) and moving blades (17) that are fixed to the rotor (12) is disposed, is formed between the rotor (12) and the inner housing (11). The tension of the hot steam arriving from an inflow port (15) is released inside the active arrangement. The thermal load on the rotor and/or the inner housing is reduced in such a steam turbine, particularly during the start thereof, by disposing plate-shaped shields (18, 19, 20) at least inside the steam duct (14) parallel and close to the surface of the rotor (12) and/or parallel and close to the inner surface of the inner housing (11), said shields (18, 19, 20) protecting the surface of the rotor (12) and/or inner housing (11) below the shields (18, 19, 20) from the direct effect of the hot steam that flows through the steam duct (14).

Description

BESCHREIBUNG DESCRIPTION

DAMPFTURBINESTEAM TURBINE

TECHNISCHES GEBIETTECHNICAL AREA

Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf das Gebiet der Dampfturbinen. Sie betrifft eine Dampfturbine gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The present invention relates to the field of steam turbines. It relates to a steam turbine according to the preamble of claim 1.

STAND DER TECHNIKSTATE OF THE ART

Dampfturbinen-Rotoren und -innengehause werden beim Anfahren insbesondere im Bereich der Einströmung durch den vorbeiströmenden heißeren Dampf großen thermischen Spannungen unterworfen, welche die Lebensdauer der Bauteile und die Anfahrzeit begrenzen. Es sind daher in der Vergangenheit bereits verschiedene Vorschläge gemacht worden, wie die Rotoren und Innengehäuse von Dampfturbinen in den kritischen Bereichen ohne zusätzliche externe Einrichtungen gekühlt werden können.Steam turbine rotors and inner housings are subjected to large thermal stresses when starting, particularly in the area of the inflow caused by the hot steam flowing past, which limit the service life of the components and the start-up time. Various proposals have therefore been made in the past as to how the rotors and inner casings of steam turbines can be cooled in the critical areas without additional external devices.

In der US-A-4,551 ,063 wird eine Mitteldruck-Dampfturbine offenbart, in der kühlender Dampf am Ausgang der Hochdruckturbine vor der Zwischenüberhitzung entnommen und aus einem ausserhalb des Dampfkanals liegenden Ringraum über axiale Bohrungen im Rotor in die ersten beiden Stufen der Turbine geführt und dort von den Schaufelfüssen her in den Dampfkanal eingespiesen wird. Eine solche Lösung ist nur bei Hochdruckturbinen, aber nicht bei Mittedruckturbinen anwendbar.In US-A-4,551,063, a medium-pressure steam turbine is disclosed, in which cooling steam is removed from the outlet of the high-pressure turbine before reheating and guided from an annular space outside the steam duct via axial bores in the rotor into the first two stages of the turbine and is fed into the steam duct from the blade feet. Such a solution can only be used with high-pressure turbines, but not with medium-pressure turbines.

In der US-A-5, 149,247 wird bei einer kombinierten Hochdruck-Mitteldruck-Dampfturbine der Stator in einen externen und internen Stator unterteilt, die durch einen Zwischenraum getrennt sind. Zur Kühlung wird kühlender Dampf aus der letzten Stufe des Hochdruckteils entnommen und in den Zwischenraum eingeleitet. Eine ähnliche Lösung ist auch in der US-A-6,341 ,937 offenbart. Beide Lösungen verhindern nicht, dass der innere Stator dem Frischdampf in vollem Umfang ausgesetzt ist.In US-A-5, 149.247, in a combined high-pressure, medium-pressure steam turbine, the stator is divided into an external and internal stator, which are separated by a space. For cooling, cooling steam is removed from the last stage of the high-pressure section and introduced into the intermediate space. A similar solution is also disclosed in US-A-6,341,937. Neither solution prevents the inner stator from being fully exposed to live steam.

In der US-A-6,010,302 schliesslich ist der Rotor mit einer zentralen Bohrung versehen, durch welche kühlender Dampf geführt wird, der am Ausgang der Hochdruckstufe entnommen worden ist. Eine Kühlung des Innengehäuses ist bei dieser Lösung nicht vorgesehen und möglich.Finally, in US-A-6,010,302, the rotor is provided with a central bore through which cooling steam which has been removed at the outlet of the high pressure stage is passed. In this solution, cooling of the inner housing is not provided and possible.

DARSTELLUNG DER ERFINDUNGPRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Dampfturbine zu schaffen, die mit ver- gleichsweise einfachen Mitteln auf flexible Weise eine interne Kühlung des Rotors und/oder des Innengehäuses ermöglicht und so die Anfahrzeit und Lebensdauer von Rotor und Innengehäuse verbessert. Die Aufgabe wird durch die Gesamtheit der Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Der Kern der Erfindung besteht darin, zumindest im Dampfkanal parallel und nahe zur Oberfläche des Rotors und/oder parallel und nahe zur inneren Oberfläche des Innengehäuses plattenformige Schutzschilde anzuordnen, welche die darunterliegende Oberfläche des Rotors bzw. Innengehäuses vor der direkten Einwirkung des durch den Dampfkanal strömenden heissen Dampfes schützen.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a steam turbine which enables internal cooling of the rotor and / or the inner housing in a flexible manner with comparatively simple means and thus improves the start-up time and service life of the rotor and inner housing. The object is achieved by the entirety of the features of claim 1. The essence of the invention is to arrange, at least in the steam channel parallel and close to the surface of the rotor and / or parallel and close to the inner surface of the inner housing, plate-shaped protective shields which protect the underlying surface of the rotor or inner housing from the direct action of the flowing through the steam channel Protect hot steam.

Eine erste bevorzugte Ausgestaltung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass die Schutz- schilde als passive Schutzschilde direkt auf der zu schützenden Oberfläche des Rotors oder des Innengehäuses aufliegen oder von der zu schützenden Oberfläche nur durch einen Spalt getrennt sind. Sie werden nicht aktiv gekühlt, sondern wirken dadurch, dass der heiße Dampf des Dampfkanals nicht mehr mit hoher Geschwindigkeit vorbeiströmt und werden deshalb hier "passive" Schutzschilde oder -platten genannt. Die hohe Geschwindigkeit kommt durch die Rotorrotation und die relativ zum Innengehäuse vorhandene Dämpfströmung zustande und bewirkt, dass der Wärmeübergang vom heißen Dampf auf die Bauteiloberfläche vergrößert wird. Dadurch, dass wegen der Schutzschilde zwar noch die heiße Dampftemperatur wirkt, aber keine Relativgeschwindigkeit zwischen Dampf und Bauteiloberfläche mehr vorhanden ist, wird der Wärmeübergang erheblich reduziert. Die Schutzschilde können dabei (auf der Rotorseite) als Teil der am Rotor befestigten Laufschaufeln ausgebildet sein.A first preferred embodiment is characterized in that the protective shields, as passive protective shields, rest directly on the surface of the rotor or the inner housing to be protected or are separated from the surface to be protected only by a gap. They are not actively cooled, but act because the hot steam of the steam duct no longer flows past at high speed and are therefore called "passive" protective shields or plates here. The high speed is caused by the rotor rotation and the steam flow relative to the inner housing and causes the heat transfer from the hot steam to the component surface to be increased. The fact that the hot steam temperature still acts due to the protective shields, but there is no longer any relative speed between the steam and the component surface, significantly reduces the heat transfer. The protective shields can be formed (on the rotor side) as part of the rotor blades attached to the rotor.

Eine zweite bevorzugte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schutzschilde unter Bildung eines breiteren Zwischenraums mit Abstand zu der zu schützenden Oberfläche des Rotors oder des Innengehäuses angeordnet sind, und dass die Dampfturbine derart ausgelegt ist, dass kühlender Dampf durch den Zwischenraum strömt. Bevorzugt sind erste Schutzschilde in den in Strömungsrichtung vorderen Stufen des Dampfkanals angeordnet, und wird der kühlende Dampf in einer der weiter stromabwärts liegenden Stufen aus dem Dampfkanal entnommen und durch den Zwischenraum entgegen der Strömungsrichtung zurückgeleitet. Es wird also erhitzter Dampf verwendet, der dem Dampfkanal erst entnommen wird, wenn er bereits ein Druckgefälle zurückgelegt hat. Dadurch ist der Dampf kälter als der Dampf in der Einströmung. Dieser kühlere Dampf wird nun umge- lenkt, und in den Zwischenräumen entlang der Rotoroberfläche oder der Gehäuseoberfläche zu den ersten Stufen, die mit dem heißesten Dampf beaufschlagt werden, geleitet. Damit der kühlende oder Kühldampf in diese Richtung strömen kann, wird er zu einer Stelle mit niedrigerem Druckniveau geleitet. Diese Stelle kann beispielsweise eine Dichtkammer in einer Kolben- oder Gehäusewellen- dichtung sein oder, bei zweiflutigen Maschinen, eine hintere Stufe in der zweiten Flut. Diese Stelle kann aber auch der Abdampf der Maschine sein. Damit kein heißer Dampf in die Kühlzwischenräume strömt, ist es erforderlich, den Kühlzwischenraum zum unter höherem Druck stehenden heißen Dampf abzudichten. Dazu werden druckdichte Schutzschilde bzw. -platten verwendet.A second preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the protective shields are arranged at a distance from the surface of the rotor or the inner housing to be protected, and the steam turbine is designed in such a way that cooling steam flows through the intermediate space. First protective shields are preferably arranged in the front stages of the steam channel in the direction of flow, and the cooling steam is removed from the steam channel in one of the stages located further downstream and returned through the intermediate space counter to the direction of flow. Heated steam is therefore used, which is only removed from the steam duct when it has already covered a pressure drop. As a result, the steam is colder than the steam in the inflow. This cooler steam is now diverted and conducted in the gaps along the rotor surface or the housing surface to the first stages to which the hottest steam is applied. So that the cooling or cooling steam can flow in this direction, it is directed to a point with a lower pressure level. This location can be, for example, a sealing chamber in a piston or housing shaft seal or, in the case of double-flow machines, a rear step in the second flow. This point can also be the machine's exhaust steam. So that no hot steam flows into the cooling interstices, it is necessary to seal the cooling interstice from the hot steam under higher pressure. Pressure-tight protective shields or plates are used for this.

Wenn insbesondere die Dampfturbine einflutig ausgebildet ist und im Bereich der Einströmung auf der dem Dampfkanal entgegengesetzten Seite zwischen Rotor und Innengehäuse eine Dichtung, insbesondere in Form einer Kolben- oder Gehäusewellendichtung, vorgesehen ist, sind bevorzugt im Bereich der Dichtung zweite Schutzschilde unter Bildung eines breiteren Zwischenraums mit Abstand zu der zu schützenden Oberfläche des Rotors oder des Innengehäuses angeordnet, und wird der durch den Zwischenraum hinter den ersten Schutzschilden strömende kühlende Dampf anschliessend durch die Zwischenräume hinter den zweiten Schutzschilden geleitet.If, in particular, the steam turbine has a single-flow design and a seal, in particular in the form of a piston or housing shaft seal, is provided in the area of the inflow on the side opposite the steam channel between the rotor and the inner casing, second protective shields are preferred in the area of the seal, forming a wider space arranged at a distance from the surface of the rotor or the inner housing to be protected, and the cooling steam flowing through the intermediate space behind the first protective shields is then passed through the intermediate spaces behind the second protective shields.

Wenn dabei die ersten und zweiten Schutzschilde zum Schütze der Oberfläche des Rotors vorgesehen sind, ist hinter den ersten und zweiten Schutzschilden ein durch den Bereich der Einströmung hindurchgehender gemeinsamer Zwischenraum ausgebildet.If the first and second protective shields are provided to protect the surface of the rotor, a common intermediate space is formed behind the first and second protective shields.

Wenn die ersten und zweiten Schutzschilde zum Schütze der Oberfläche des Innengehäuses vorgesehen sind, sind hinter den ersten und zweiten Schutzschilden Zwischenräume ausgebildet, die, vorzugsweise durch eine um den Bereich der Einströmung herumgeführten Kanal, oder herumgeführte Bohrung, im Innengehäuse, miteinander verbunden sind.If the first and second protective shields are provided to protect the surface of the inner housing, are behind the first and second protective shields Intermediate spaces are formed which are connected to one another, preferably by a channel or bore around the area of the inflow in the inner housing.

Weitere Ausführungsformen ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen.Further embodiments result from the dependent claims.

KURZE ERLÄUTERUNG DER FIGURENBRIEF EXPLANATION OF THE FIGURES

Die Erfindung soll nachfolgend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen im Zusammenhang mit der Zeichnung näher erläutert werden. Es zeigenThe invention will be explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments in connection with the drawing. Show it

Fig. 1 in einem Längsschnitt ein erstes bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung mit aktiv dampfgekühlten Schutzschilden zum Schutz des Rotors;1 shows a longitudinal section of a first preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention with actively steam-cooled protective shields for protecting the rotor;

Fig. 2 in einer zu Fig. 1 vergleichbaren Darstellung ein zweites bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiei der Erfindung mit aktiv dampfgekühlten Schutzschilden zum Schutz des Innengehäuses;2 shows, in a representation comparable to FIG. 1, a second preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention with actively steam-cooled protective shields for protecting the inner housing;

Fig. 3 in einem vergrösserten Ausschnitt ein bevorzugtesFig. 3 in an enlarged detail a preferred

Ausführungsbeispiel für „passive", nicht dampfgekühlte Schutzschilde, welche mittels hammerkopfartigen Füssen im Bereich der Dichtung am Rotor montiert sind;Embodiment for "passive", not steam-cooled protective shields, which are mounted on the rotor by means of hammer-head-like feet in the area of the seal;

Fig. 4 in einem vergrösserten Ausschnitt ein bevorzugtesFig. 4 is a preferred in an enlarged section

Ausführungsbeispiel für aktiv dampfgekühlte Schutzschilde, welche mittels hammerkopfartigen Füssen im Bereich der Dichtung am Rotor montiert sind; Fig. 5 in einem vergrösserten Ausschnitt ein bevorzugtesEmbodiment for actively steam-cooled protective shields which are mounted on the rotor by means of hammer-head-like feet in the area of the seal; Fig. 5 is a preferred in an enlarged section

Ausführungsbeispiel für „passive", nicht dampfgekühlte Schutzschilde, welche als Teile der Laufschaufeln ausgebildet sind; undEmbodiment for "passive", not steam-cooled protective shields, which are designed as parts of the blades; and

Fig. 6 in einem vergrösserten Ausschnitt ein bevorzugtesFig. 6 is a preferred in an enlarged section

Ausführungsbeispiel für aktiv dampfgekühlte Schutzschilde, welche zwischen den Laufschaufeln mittels hammerkopfartigen Füssen am Rotor montiert sind.Embodiment for actively steam-cooled protective shields, which are mounted on the rotor between the blades by means of hammer-head-like feet.

Fig. 7 in einer zu Fig. 1 vergleichbaren Darstellung ein drittes bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung mit aktiv dampfgekühlten Schutzschilden zum Schutz des Innengehäuses;7 shows, in a representation comparable to FIG. 1, a third preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention with actively steam-cooled protective shields for protecting the inner housing;

WEGE ZUR AUSFÜHRUNG DER ERFINDUNGWAYS OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

In Fig. 1 ist in einem Längsschnitt ein erstes bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung mit aktiv dampfgekühlten Schutzschilden zum Schutz des Rotors wie- dergegeben. Fig. 1 zeigt eine Anordnung für eine Dampfturbine 10 mit einem einflutigen Innengehäuse 11. Heißer Dampf strömt von der Einströmung 15 durch den Dampfkanal 14, der zwischen dem Innengehäuse 11 und dem um eine Achse 13 drehbaren Rotor 12 der Dampfturbine 10 gebildet wird, und in dem sich in mehreren hintereinander geschalteten Stufen die Leitschaufeln 16 und Laufschaufeln 17 befinden. Der Druck und die Temperatur des Dampfes nehmen dabei von Stufe zu Stufe ab. Im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel wird nach der zweiten Stufe Dampf entnommen (siehe die eingezeichneten Pfeile) und als kühlender Dampf in einem unter Schutzschilden 18 und 19 liegenden Zwischenraum 21 an der Oberfläche des Rotors 12 entlang bis ins hintere Drittel einer Kolbendichtung 22 geleitet, die sich zwischen Rotor 12 und Innengehäuse 11 auf der dem Dampfkanal 14 entgegengesetzten Seite der Einströmung befindet. Nach dem Verlassen des Zwischenraumes 21 mischt sich der kühlende Dampf mit dem über die ersten zwei Drittel der Kolbendichtung 22 entspannten Dampf aus der Einströmung 15. Im letzten Drittel der Kolbendichtung 22 sind passive Schutzschilde 20 am Rotor 12 angebracht, die zwar nicht den genannten Mischdampf mit der hohen Temperatur vom Rotor fernhalten, der beispielsweise über Spalten im Schutzschild 20 bis zur Ro- toroberfläche vordringen kann, die aber verhindern, dass dieser Mischdampf eine hohe Relativgeschwindigkeit zur Rotoroberfläche und damit einen hohen Wärmeeintrag in den Rotor verursacht.1 shows a first preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention with actively steam-cooled protective shields for protecting the rotor. 1 shows an arrangement for a steam turbine 10 with a single-flow inner casing 11. Hot steam flows from the inflow 15 through the steam duct 14, which is formed between the inner casing 11 and the rotor 12 of the steam turbine 10, which can be rotated about an axis 13, and in the guide vanes 16 and rotor blades 17 are located in several stages connected in series. The pressure and temperature of the steam decrease from stage to stage. In the exemplary embodiment shown, steam is removed after the second stage (see the arrows) and is used as cooling steam in a space 21 under protective shields 18 and 19 along the surface of the rotor 12 and into the rear third of a piston seal 22, which is located between the rotor 12 and inner housing 11 is located on the side of the inflow opposite the steam duct 14. After leaving the interspace 21, the cooling steam mixes with the over the first two thirds steam from the inflow 15 is relaxed from the piston seal 22. Passive protective shields 20 are attached to the rotor 12 in the last third of the piston seal 22, although they do not keep the above-mentioned mixed steam at high temperature away from the rotor, for example via gaps in the protective shield 20 to the rotor. Can penetrate the door surface, but prevent this mixed steam from causing a high relative speed to the rotor surface and thus a high heat input into the rotor.

In Fig. 2 ist in einer zu Fig. 1 vergleichbaren Darstellung eine Dampfturbine 10 in einer Anordnung dargestellt, bei der Dampf aus der dritten Stufe des Dampfkanals 14 verwendet wird (siehe die eingezeichneten Pfeile), um das Innengehäuse 11 zu kühlen. Dabei wird der kühlende Dampf durch einen Zwischenraum 27 geleitet, der zwischen der inneren Oberfläche des Innengehäuses 11 und darüber in einem Abstand angeordneten Schutzschilden 23 im Dampfkanal bzw. Schutzschiiden 24 in der Dichtung bzw. Kolbendichtung 22 gebildet wird. Um den kühlenden Dampf an der Einströmung 15 vorbei in die Kolbendichtung 22 zu bringen, ist hier im Innengehäuse 11 einen Kanal oder eine Bohrung 26 angebracht. Der kühlende Dampf ist durch die Schutzschilde 23 im Dampfkanal 14 und 24 in der Kolbendichtung 22 vom heißen Dampf getrennt. Im letzten Drittel der Kolbendichtung 22 wird der kühlende oder Kühldampf mit dem Dichtdampf, der von der Einströmung 15 über die Dichtung 22 kommt, gemischt. Daran anschließend ist innerhalb der Dichtung 22 das Innengehäuse 11 mit einem passiven Schutzschild 25 versehen.In FIG. 2, a representation comparable to FIG. 1 shows a steam turbine 10 in an arrangement in which steam from the third stage of the steam duct 14 is used (see the arrows shown) in order to cool the inner casing 11. In this case, the cooling steam is passed through an intermediate space 27 which is formed between the inner surface of the inner housing 11 and protective shields 23 arranged at a distance above it in the steam channel or protective shields 24 in the seal or piston seal 22. In order to bring the cooling steam past the inflow 15 into the piston seal 22, a channel or a bore 26 is provided in the inner housing 11 here. The cooling steam is separated from the hot steam by the protective shields 23 in the steam channel 14 and 24 in the piston seal 22. In the last third of the piston seal 22, the cooling or cooling steam is mixed with the sealing steam that comes from the inflow 15 via the seal 22. The inner housing 11 is then provided with a passive protective shield 25 within the seal 22.

In Fig.7 ist in einer zu Fig.2 vergleichbaren Darstellung eine Dampfturbine 10 in einer Anordnung dargestellt, bei der zwischen Innengehäuse 11 und Aussengehäue 40 durch Abdichtungen 42, 43 ein zusätzlicher Zwischenraum 41 geschaffen wird. Um den kühlenden Dampf an der Einströmung 15 vorbei in die Kolbendichtung 22 zu bringen, sind hier im Innengehäuse zwei Kanäle 26a und 26b angebracht. Der kühlende Dampf strömt aus dem Zwischenraum 27 beim7 shows a steam turbine 10 in an arrangement comparable to FIG. 2, in which an additional space 41 is created between the inner casing 11 and the outer casing 40 by seals 42, 43. In order to bring the cooling steam past the inflow 15 into the piston seal 22, two channels 26a and 26b are provided here in the inner housing. The cooling steam flows from the space 27 at

Dampfkanal durch den Kanal 26a in den Zwischenraum 41 und von dort durch den Kanal 26b in die Kolbendichtung 22. In Fig. 3 sind bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele für passive Schutzschilde bzw. - platten 20a, 20b und 20c in der Kolben- oder Wellendichtung 22 dargestellt. Die Schutzschilde 20a, 20b, 20c sind in diesem Beispiel mit hammerkopfartigen Füs- sen im Rotor 12 befestigt. Ein schmaler Spalt 29 mit der Breite a darf und soll sogar zwischen den Schutzschilden 20a, 20b, 20c und der Rotoroberfläche vorhanden sein, um den Wärmeübergang von den Schutzschilden 20a, 20b, 20c auf den Rotor 12 zu verkleinern. Auf den Schutzschilden 20a, 20b, 20c sind Dichtstreifen 30 angebracht, die zusammen mit den Dichtstreifen 31 am Innengehäuse 11 den Dampf drosseln.Steam channel through the channel 26a into the intermediate space 41 and from there through the channel 26b into the piston seal 22. 3 shows preferred exemplary embodiments for passive protective shields or plates 20a, 20b and 20c in the piston or shaft seal 22. In this example, the protective shields 20a, 20b, 20c are fastened in the rotor 12 with hammer-head-like feet. A narrow gap 29 with the width a may and should even be present between the protective shields 20a, 20b, 20c and the rotor surface in order to reduce the heat transfer from the protective shields 20a, 20b, 20c to the rotor 12. Sealing strips 30 are attached to the protective shields 20a, 20b, 20c and, together with the sealing strips 31 on the inner housing 11, throttle the steam.

Fig. 4 zeigt "aktive" Schutzschilde bzw. -platten 19a, 19b, also Schutzschilde, die den Dampfstrom in der Dichtung 22 gegen den Kühldampfstrom im Zwischenraum 21 zwischen Schutzschilden 19a, 19b und Rotor 12 druckfest trennen. Diese Schutzschilde 19a, 19b befinden sich in einer Kolben- oder Wellendichtung 22. Sie sind auch in diesem Beispiel mit hammerkopfartigen Füßen 28 im Rotor 12 befestigt. Sie haben jeweils axiale Bohrungen 32, damit der Kühldampf die Füße der Schutzschilde 19a, 19b ungehindert passieren kann. Auch hier sind wieder alternierend Dichtstreifen 30, 31 zwischen den Schutzschilden 19a, 19b und dem In- nengehäuse 11 vorgesehen, zwischen denen der heiße Dampf strömt.4 shows “active” protective shields or plates 19a, 19b, that is to say protective shields which separate the steam flow in the seal 22 against the cooling steam flow in the intermediate space 21 between the protective shields 19a, 19b and the rotor 12 in a pressure-resistant manner. These protective shields 19a, 19b are located in a piston or shaft seal 22. In this example, too, they are fastened in the rotor 12 with hammer-like feet 28. They each have axial bores 32 so that the cooling steam can pass through the feet of the protective shields 19a, 19b unhindered. Here too, alternating sealing strips 30, 31 are provided between the protective shields 19a, 19b and the inner housing 11, between which the hot steam flows.

Fig. 5 zeigt Schutzschilde 33 im Dampfkanal 14, die Teil der Laufschaufeln 17 sind und wahlweise aktive oder passive Schutzschilde sein können. Die Schutzschilde 33 überlappen an den Rändern, um eine erhöhte Dichtigkeit zu erreichen. Auf den Schutzschilden befinden sich Dichtstreifen 35, die den Dampf vor und nach der Leitschaufel 16 trennen. Weitere Dichtstreifen 34 sind zwischen Laufschaufeln 17 und dem Innengehäuse 11 angeordnet.Fig. 5 shows protective shields 33 in the steam channel 14, which are part of the blades 17 and can be either active or passive protective shields. The protective shields 33 overlap at the edges in order to achieve increased tightness. On the protective shields there are sealing strips 35 which separate the steam before and after the guide vane 16. Further sealing strips 34 are arranged between the blades 17 and the inner housing 11.

Fig. 6 schliesslich zeigt aktive Schutzschilde bzw. -platten 18 im Dampfkanal 14, unter denen sich wiederum Zwischenräume 21 befinden, in dem der Kühldampf strömt (siehe eingezeichnete Pfeile). Die Schutzschilde 18 sind auch hier mit hammerkopfartigen Füssen 28 am Rotor 12 befestigt. Um von einem Zwischen- räum 21 zum nächsten zu gelangen, sind Bohrungen 36 in den Schutzschilden 18 und Bohrungen 37 in den Füßen der Laufschaufeln 17 angebracht. Zwischen den Leitschaufeln 16 und den Schutzschilden 18 befinden sich Dichtstreifen 35, um den Druckabfall am Leitrad abzudichten. Zwischen dem Innengehäuse 11 und den Laufschaufeln 17 sind ebenfalls Dichtstreifen 34 vorgesehen.6 finally shows active protective shields or plates 18 in the steam channel 14, below which there are in turn spaces 21 in which the cooling steam flows (see arrows shown). The protective shields 18 are also fastened to the rotor 12 with hammer-head-like feet 28. To avoid an intermediate To get space 21 to the next, holes 36 are made in the protective shields 18 and holes 37 in the feet of the blades 17. Sealing strips 35 are located between the guide blades 16 and the protective shields 18 in order to seal the pressure drop at the guide wheel. Sealing strips 34 are also provided between the inner housing 11 and the rotor blades 17.

BEZUGSZEICHENLISTELIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10 Dampfturbine10 steam turbine

11 Innengehäuse11 inner housing

12 Rotor12 rotor

13 Achse (Turbine)13 axis (turbine)

14 Dampfkanal14 steam channel

15 Einströmung15 inflow

16 Leitschaufel16 guide vane

17 Laufschaufel17 moving blade

18 Schutzschild (aktiv)18 protective shield (active)

19 Schutzschild (aktiv)19 protective shield (active)

20 Schutzschild (passiv)20 protective shield (passive)

21 Zwischenraum21 space

22 Dichtung (Kolbendichtung)22 seal (piston seal)

23 Schutzschild (aktiv)23 protective shield (active)

24 Schutzschild (aktiv)24 protective shield (active)

25 Schutzschild (passiv)25 protective shield (passive)

26,26a,26b Bohrung, Kanal26, 26a, 26b bore, channel

27 erster Zwischenraum27 first space

28 Fuss (hammerkopfartig)28 feet (hammerhead-like)

29 Spalt29 gap

30,31 Dichtstreifen30.31 sealing strips

32 Bohrung32 hole

33 Schutzschild33 protective shield

34,35 Dichtstreifen 36,37 - Bohrung34.35 sealing strips 36.37 - bore

40 Aussengehäuse der Dampfturbine40 outer casing of the steam turbine

41 Zweiter Zwischenraum41 Second space

42 Abdichtung42 sealing

43 Abdichtung 43 sealing

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE 1. Dampfturbine (10) mit einem Innengehäuse (11), in welchem ein um eine Achse (13) drehbarer Rotor (12) angeordnet ist, wobei zwischen dem Rotor (12) und dem Innengehäuse (11) ein Dampfkanal (14) gebildet wird, in welchem eine mehrstufige Anordnung von am Innengehäuse (12) befestigten Leitschaufeln (16) und am Rotor (12) befestigten Laufschaufeln (17) vorgesehen ist, in welcher ein aus einer Einströmung (15) kommender heisser Dampf unter Arbeitsleistung ent- spannt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest im Dampfkanal (14) parallel und nahe zur Oberfläche des Rotors (12) und/oder parallel und nahe zur inneren Oberfläche des Innengehäuses (11) plattenformige Schutzschilde (18, 19, 19a, 19b, 20, 20a, 20b, 20c; 23, 24, 25; 33) angeordnet sind, welche die darunterliegende Oberfläche des Rotors (12) bzw. Innengehäuses (11) vor der direkten Ein- Wirkung des durch den Dampfkanal (14) strömenden heissen Dampfes schützen.1. Steam turbine (10) with an inner housing (11), in which a rotor (12) rotatable about an axis (13) is arranged, a steam channel (14) being formed between the rotor (12) and the inner housing (11) In which a multi-stage arrangement of guide vanes (16) fastened to the inner housing (12) and rotor blades (17) fastened to the rotor (12) is provided, in which a hot steam coming from an inflow (15) is released under work, characterized in that at least in the steam channel (14) parallel and close to the surface of the rotor (12) and / or parallel and close to the inner surface of the inner housing (11) plate-shaped protective shields (18, 19, 19a, 19b, 20, 20a, 20b , 20c; 23, 24, 25; 33) are arranged which protect the underlying surface of the rotor (12) or inner housing (11) from the direct action of the hot steam flowing through the steam channel (14). 2. Dampfturbine nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schutzschilde (20, 20a, 20b, 20c; 25; 33) als passive Schutzschilde direkt auf der zu schützenden Oberfläche des Rotors (12) oder des Innengehäuses (11) auflie- gen oder von der zu schützenden Oberfläche nur durch einen Spalt (29) getrennt sind.2. Steam turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the protective shields (20, 20a, 20b, 20c; 25; 33) lie as passive protective shields directly on the surface of the rotor (12) or the inner housing (11) to be protected or are only separated from the surface to be protected by a gap (29). 3. Dampfturbine nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schutzschilde (33) als Teil der am Rotor (12) befestigten Laufschaufeln (17) aus- gebildet sind.3. Steam turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that the protective shields (33) are designed as part of the rotor blades (12) attached to the rotor blades (17). 4. Dampfturbine nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schutzschilde (18, 19, 19a, 19b; 23, 24) unter Bildung eines breiteren Zwischenraums (21 , 27) mit Abstand zu der zu schützenden Oberfläche des Rotors (12) oder des Innengehäuses (11) angeordnet sind, und dass die Dampfturbine (10) derart ausgelegt ist, dass kühlender Dampf durch den Zwischenraum (21 , 27) strömt. 4. Steam turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the protective shields (18, 19, 19a, 19b; 23, 24) with formation of a wider space (21, 27) at a distance from the surface of the rotor (12) to be protected or Inner housing (11) are arranged, and that the steam turbine (10) is designed such that cooling steam flows through the intermediate space (21, 27). 5. Dampfturbine nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass erste Schutzschilde (18, 23) in den in Strömungsrichtung vorderen Stufen des Dampfkanals (14) angeordnet sind, und dass der kühlende Dampf in einer der weiter stromabwärts liegenden Stufen aus dem Dampfkanal (14) entnommen und durch den Zwischenraum (21 , 27) entgegen der Strömungsrichtung zurückgeleitet wird.5. Steam turbine according to claim 4, characterized in that first protective shields (18, 23) are arranged in the front stages of the steam channel (14) in the direction of flow, and in that the cooling steam in one of the further downstream stages from the steam channel (14) is removed and returned through the intermediate space (21, 27) against the flow direction. 6. Dampfturbine nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dampfturbine (10) einflutig ausgebildet ist, dass im Bereich der Einströmung (15) auf der dem Dampfkanal (14) entgegengesetzten Seite zwischen Rotor (12) und Innengehäuse (11) eine Dichtung (22), insbesondere in Form einer Kolben- oder Gehäusewellendichtung, vorgesehen ist, dass im Bereich der Dichtung (22) zweite Schutzschilde (19, 24) unter Bildung eines breiteren Zwischenraums (21 , 27) mit Abstand zu der zu schützenden Oberfläche des Rotors (12) oder des Innengehäu- ses (11) angeordnet sind, und dass der durch den Zwischenraum (21 , 27) hinter den ersten Schutzschilden (18, 23) strömende kühlende Dampf anschliessend durch die Zwischenräume (21 , 27) hinter den zweiten Schutzschilden (19, 24) geleitet wird.6. Steam turbine according to claim 5, characterized in that the steam turbine (10) is of single-flow design, that in the area of the inflow (15) on the side opposite the steam channel (14) between the rotor (12) and the inner housing (11) a seal ( 22), in particular in the form of a piston or housing shaft seal, it is provided that in the area of the seal (22) second protective shields (19, 24) forming a wider space (21, 27) at a distance from the surface of the rotor to be protected ( 12) or the inner housing (11), and that the cooling steam flowing through the intermediate space (21, 27) behind the first protective shields (18, 23) then through the intermediate spaces (21, 27) behind the second protective shields ( 19, 24) is conducted. 7. Dampfturbine nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die ersten und zweiten Schutzschilde (18, 19) zum Schütze der Oberfläche des Rotors (12) vorgesehen sind, und dass hinter den ersten und zweiten Schutzschilden (18, 19) ein durch den Bereich der Einströmung (15) hindurchgehender gemeinsamer Zwischenraum (21) ausgebildet ist.7. Steam turbine according to claim 6, characterized in that the first and second protective shields (18, 19) are provided for protecting the surface of the rotor (12), and that behind the first and second protective shields (18, 19) through the area the common space (21) passing through the inflow (15) is formed. 8. Dampfturbine nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die ersten und zweiten Schutzschilde (23, 24) zum Schütze der Oberfläche des Innengehäuses (11) vorgesehen sind, und dass hinter den ersten und zweiten Schutzschilden (23, 24) Zwischenräume (27) ausgebildet sind, die, vorzugsweise durch einen um den Bereich der Einströmung (15) herumgeführten Kanal (26) im Innengehäuse (11), miteinander verbunden sind. 8. Steam turbine according to claim 6, characterized in that the first and second protective shields (23, 24) are provided for protecting the surface of the inner housing (11), and that behind the first and second protective shields (23, 24) spaces (27) are formed, which are connected to one another, preferably by a channel (26) in the inner housing (11) which is guided around the region of the inflow (15). 9. Dampfturbine nach Anspruch 6 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die ersten und zweiten Schutzschilde (23, 24) zum Schütze der Oberfläche des Innengehäuses (11) vorgesehen sind, und dass hinter den ersten und zweiten Schutzschilden (23, 24) erste Zwischenräume (27) ausgebildet sind, die durch zwei Kanäle (26a, 26b) und einen zweiten Zwischenraum (41), der durch das Innengehäuse (11) der Dampfturbine (10), ein Aussengehäuse (40) der Dampfturbine (10) und Abdichtungen (42, 43) gebildet ist, miteinander verbunden sind, wobei die Kanäle (26a, 26b) und der zweite Zwischenraum (41) um den Bereich der Einströmung (15) geführt sind.9. Steam turbine according to claim 6, characterized in that the first and second protective shields (23, 24) are provided for protecting the surface of the inner housing (11), and in that behind the first and second protective shields (23, 24) first gaps (27) are formed by two channels (26a, 26b) and a second space (41) through the inner casing (11) of the steam turbine (10), an outer casing (40) of the steam turbine (10) and seals (42, 43) is formed, are connected to one another, the channels (26a, 26b) and the second intermediate space (41) being guided around the region of the inflow (15). 10. Dampfturbine nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die zweiten Schutzschilde (19, 24) nur über einen Teil, insbesondere etwa die erste zwei Drittel, der Länge der Dichtung (22) erstrecken, und dass über den restlichen Teil der Länge der Dichtung (22) die Oberfläche des Rotors (12) bzw. des Innengehäuses (11) durch dritte Schutzschilde (20, 25) geschützt wird, welche als passive Schutzschilde direkt auf der zu schützenden Oberfläche des Rotors (12) bzw. des Innengehäuses (11) aufliegen oder von der zu schützenden Oberfläche nur durch einen Spalt (29) getrennt sind.10. Steam turbine according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the second protective shields (19, 24) extend only over a part, in particular approximately the first two thirds, of the length of the seal (22), and that over the rest Part of the length of the seal (22), the surface of the rotor (12) or of the inner housing (11) is protected by third protective shields (20, 25) which act as passive protective shields directly on the surface of the rotor (12) to be protected or of the inner housing (11) rest or are separated from the surface to be protected only by a gap (29). 11. Dampfturbine nach einem der Ansprüche 1 , 2 und 4 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schutzschilde (19a, 19b; 20a, 20b, 20c) im Rotor (12) bzw. Innengehäuse (11) mit hammerkopfartigen Füssen (28) befestigt sind.11. Steam turbine according to one of claims 1, 2 and 4 to 10, characterized in that the protective shields (19a, 19b; 20a, 20b, 20c) in the rotor (12) or inner housing (11) with hammer-head-like feet (28) attached are. 12. Dampfturbine nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dampfturbine (10) zweiflutig ausgebildet ist, und dass der kühlende Dampf für die eine Flut in die andere Flut geleitet wird und dort in eine Stufe mit niedrigerem Druck oder in die Gehäuseabströmung mündet. 12. Steam turbine according to claim 5, characterized in that the steam turbine (10) is double-flow, and that the cooling steam for one flood is conducted into the other flood and there it opens into a lower pressure stage or into the housing outflow.
PCT/CH2003/000426 2002-07-01 2003-06-26 Steam turbine Ceased WO2004003346A1 (en)

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