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WO2004099698A1 - Intensive heat exchange tube with discontinuous ribs - Google Patents

Intensive heat exchange tube with discontinuous ribs Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004099698A1
WO2004099698A1 PCT/CN2003/000905 CN0300905W WO2004099698A1 WO 2004099698 A1 WO2004099698 A1 WO 2004099698A1 CN 0300905 W CN0300905 W CN 0300905W WO 2004099698 A1 WO2004099698 A1 WO 2004099698A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat exchange
tube
double
exchange tube
discontinuous
Prior art date
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2003/000905
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Ji'an Meng
Weilin Hu
Zhixin Li
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Tsinghua University
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Tsinghua University
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Publication date
Application filed by Tsinghua University filed Critical Tsinghua University
Priority to JP2004571496A priority Critical patent/JP4355294B2/ja
Priority to US10/555,837 priority patent/US20070000651A1/en
Priority to AU2003280545A priority patent/AU2003280545A1/en
Publication of WO2004099698A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004099698A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/42—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element
    • F28F1/424—Means comprising outside portions integral with inside portions
    • F28F1/426—Means comprising outside portions integral with inside portions the outside portions and the inside portions forming parts of complementary shape, e.g. concave and convex
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/42—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a discontinuous double-inclined inner rib reinforced heat exchange tube, which belongs to the technical field of enhanced heat exchange and heat exchangers. Background technique
  • Shell and tube heat exchangers have a wide range of applications in petroleum, chemical, power and many other fields.
  • Shell-and-tube heat exchangers usually use smooth round-section tubes, which have the advantages of simple manufacturing process, good safety, and low cost.
  • ordinary shell-and-tube replacement The heater has disadvantages such as large volume and many consumables.
  • people have invented various enhanced heat exchange tubes instead of ordinary round tubes.
  • convective heat transfer enhancement elements have been developed in the past 30 years.
  • the surface-roughened heat-exchanging tubes obtained by rolling have been widely and successfully applied in engineering, such as spirally grooved tubes and transverse grooved tubes.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a new type of reinforced heat exchange tube-a "discontinuous double-inclined inner rib reinforced heat exchange tube", that is, a plurality of discontinuous, angled axes and inclined in two directions are provided in the tube.
  • a pair of oblique inner ribs Under the action of many double-inclined internal ribs, the fluid generates longitudinal vortices and / or other fluids in the tube, especially near the inner wall surface.
  • the radial flow inside the tube can significantly enhance heat exchange.
  • the invention is characterized in that there are discontinuous ribs on the inner wall surface of the reinforced heat exchange tube, which have a certain angle with the axis of the base tube and are inclined in two directions.
  • the rib and the right-handed oblique inner rib the height of the double oblique inner rib is equal to or less than 0.2d, the width is equal to or less than 0.5d, and the length of the double oblique inner rib is equal to or less than 2d, where d is the hydraulic inner diameter of the base pipe; preferably,
  • An included angle between the axis of the double-slanted inner rib and the axis of the base pipe is in the range of (5 ⁇ 85) degrees, a positive sign indicates a left-handed tilt, and a negative sign indicates a right-handed tilt; preferably, the double-slanted
  • the shape of the cross section of the inner rib is any one or a combination of the following: arc, rectangle, triangle, fan, streamline, and any shape composed of several curve
  • Examples 1 to 3 can generally increase the heat transfer coefficient by 80% to 150% for turbulent flow, which can be 30% higher than that of a horizontal grooved tube with good heat transfer effect, but its flow resistance is higher than that of a horizontal grooved tube.
  • the tube is 20% -50% smaller; for convective heat transfer in the transition zone, its enhanced heat transfer effect is also very significant, which has very important practical application value in engineering.
  • backflow transverse vortex
  • FIG. 1 to 3 can generally increase the heat transfer coefficient by 80% to 150% for turbulent flow, which can be 30% higher than that of a horizontal grooved tube with good heat transfer effect, but its flow resistance is higher than that of a horizontal grooved tube.
  • the tube is 20% -50% smaller; for convective heat transfer in the transition zone, its enhanced heat transfer effect is also very significant, which has very important practical application value in engineering.
  • backflow transverse vortex
  • FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a discontinuous double-inclined inner rib reinforced heat exchange tube
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along A_A in FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of part B in FIG. 2
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of partly circumferential expansion structure of another discontinuous double-inclined-inner-rib reinforced heat-exchange tube.
  • the discontinuous double-inclined inner rib reinforced heat exchange tube is provided with a plurality of discontinuous rib-shaped protrusions on the inner wall surface of the heat exchange tube that have a certain angle with the axis and inclined in two directions.
  • the height of the double oblique inner rib is generally not more than 0.2d, and the width is generally not more than 0.5d.
  • the length is generally not greater than 2d (d is the hydraulic inner diameter of the base pipe).
  • the so-called "discontinuity" is a kind of rough element (ribbed protrusion) with a certain length compared with spiral grooved pipe (spiral continuous), threaded pipe (spiral continuous), and transverse grooved tube (circumferentially continuous). .
  • the manufacturing method of discontinuous double-inclined internal rib reinforced heat exchange tubes can be ordinary round tubes, low-rib tubes, threaded tubes, etc., which can be molded or rolled, or can be formed when rolling seamless tubes, and can also be welded with seams. Tubes take shape. The fluid in the tube generates multiple longitudinal vortices and / or other secondary flows under the action of multiple double-inclined internal ribs on the tube wall, and the vortices and / or other secondary flows are mainly concentrated near the tube wall surface, so that the turbulent heat exchange and The convection heat transfer process in the transition zone has a better strengthening effect.
  • FIG. 1 shows a structure of a discontinuous double-inclined inner rib reinforced heat exchange tube.
  • the inside of the tube has a discontinuous two-way spiral protrusion (referred to as a "discontinuous two-way spiral internal rib"), and the outside of the tube has a discontinuous two-way spiral groove.
  • reference numeral 1 denotes a discontinuous bidirectional spiral rib inside the pipe
  • reference numeral 2 denotes a discontinuous bidirectional spiral groove outside the pipe; the spiral rib and the spiral groove are simultaneously formed during processing.
  • Reference numeral d in FIG. 1 is the hydraulic inner diameter of the heat exchange tube
  • P is the axial length of a single double-inclined internal rib
  • C is the helix angle of the double-inclined internal rib.
  • the reference mark h is the height of the double oblique inner rib.
  • P 0.3d
  • h 0.05d.
  • Embodiment 2 FIG.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates another partially unfolded structure of a discontinuous double-inclined inner rib reinforced heat exchange tube.
  • the inside of the tube has discontinuous two-way spiral protrusions (double oblique inner ribs), and the outside of the tube has a smooth wall surface.
  • reference numeral 3 denotes a discontinuous bidirectional spiral rib arranged symmetrically; One right-slanted rib and one left-slanted rib adjacent to the circumferential direction constitute a vortex generator; four inclined ribs in the same cross section in the circumferential direction constitute two vortex generators.
  • the reference sign C in FIG. 4 is the helix angle of the double oblique internal rib, 0 ⁇ 50 degrees; a positive value indicates a right-handed rotation, a negative value indicates a left-handed rotation, and C in the figure indicates a right-handed rotation angle.
  • reference numeral 4 schematically represents a longitudinal vortex generated by the fluid near the inner wall surface under the action of a discontinuous bidirectional spiral inner rib.
  • FIG. 5 shows a partially circumferentially unfolded structure of another discontinuous double-inclined inner rib reinforced heat exchange tube.
  • the inside of the tube has a discontinuous two-way spiral protrusion (double oblique inner rib), and the outside of the tube has a discontinuous two-way spiral groove.
  • reference numeral 5 represents an asymmetrically arranged discontinuous bidirectional spiral rib
  • reference numeral 6 represents an asymmetrically arranged discontinuous bidirectional spiral groove.
  • a right-handed diagonal rib and a left-handed oblique rib are adjacent to each other in the pipe.
  • the ribs constitute a vortex generator; there are six inclined ribs on the inner wall of a small section of tube (less than 0.5d) to form three vortex generators.
  • the best embodiment of the discontinuous double-inclined inner rib heat exchange tube is rolling or compression forming.
  • the rolling and forming process of bidirectional spiral ribs in discontinuous tubes and bidirectional spiral grooves in outer tubes is a rolling molding process.
  • Discontinuous low-cutting edges are provided on the forming surface of the rolls.
  • the outer wall surface of the heat pipe is formed into a discontinuous two-way spiral groove under the extrusion of a low rolling blade, and the pipe is formed into a discontinuous two-way spiral rib.
  • the tube has discontinuous two-way spiral ribs, and the outer wall of the tube is smooth.
  • One of its manufacturing processes is similar to the manufacturing process of the internally threaded and smooth outer tube.
  • the second manufacturing process is rolling or molding. Reprocessing of formed discontinuous bidirectional spiral ribs inside the tube and bidirectional spiral groove heat exchange tubes outside the tube (cold drawing, etc.).
  • the manufacturing efficiency of the rolling or die-molding method of the discontinuous double-inclined inner rib heat exchange tube is 5-10 times higher than that of ordinary spiral groove, horizontal groove and thread surface heat exchange tubes. This is due to the discontinuousness of the inclined ribs.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Description

不连续双斜内肋强化换热管 技术领域
本发明涉及一种不连续双斜内肋强化换热管， 其属于强化换 热和换热器技术领域。 背景技术
管壳式换热器在石油、 化工、 动力等诸多领域有着广泛和大 量的应用。 管壳式换热器通常采用光滑圆形截面管， 它具有制造 工艺简单、 安全性好、 成本低等优点， 但同时由于光滑圆形截面 管的换热性能不够理想， 使普通管壳式换热器存在着体积大、 耗 材多等不足。 为了改变这种状况， 人们发明了各种强化换热管代 替普通圆管。 基于壁面扰流强化的思路， 近 30年来已发展了许多 对流换热强化元件。 特别是通过辊制获得的表面粗糙换热管， 在 工程中得到了较为普遍和成功的应用， 如螺旋槽管 （spirally grooved tube )、 橫槽管 （transverse grooved tube )。 此夕卜， 管内插 物如管内插扭曲带 （twisted-tape inserts )、 管内插弹簧丝等也有很 多应用。 这些换热管的共同缺点是流动阻力大、 肋或槽附近的回 流区易结垢、 加工效率较低、 制造费用较高。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种新的强化换热管一 "不连续双斜内 肋强化换热管"， 即在管内设置许多不连续的、 与轴线有一定夹角 且向两个方向倾斜的棱状凸起一双斜内肋。 在许多双斜内肋的作 用下， 流体在管内特别是在内壁面附近产生纵向涡流和 /或其它方 式的管内径向流动， 从而能显著的强化换热。 它符合 "对流换热 场协同原贝1 J，， （参看 Guo Z.Y, Mechanism and Control of Convective Heat Transfer― Coordination of Velocity and Heat Flow Field, Chinese Science Bulletin, 46(7):596-599 Apr 2001 ) , 即提高流体速 度场和温度梯度场的协同程度就能在阻力增加较少的条件下较好 地强化传热过程。 根据对流换热场协同原则对管内流动和换热进 行理论分析表明， 纵向涡流是强化管内对流换热的有效方式。 纵 向涡流及管内径向流动通常能显著改善速度场与温度梯度场的协 同程度， 从而能较好地强化管内对流换热过程。 本发明的 "不连 续双斜内肋强化换热管" 较螺旋槽管、 横槽管、 螺紋管和粗糙肋 管在湍流和过渡区具有更好的强化换热效果和较低的阻力损失， 可以克服或弥补现有技术的不足。
本发明的特征在于： 所述强化换热管的内壁面存在不连续的 且与基管轴线有一定夹角并向两个方向倾斜的棱状凸起物一双斜 内肋， 即左旋方向斜内肋和右旋方向斜内肋， 双斜内肋的高度等 于或小于 0.2d, 宽度等于或小于 0.5d， 双斜内肋的长度等于或小 于 2d， 其中 d为基管水力内径； 优选地， 所述双斜内肋的轴线与基管轴线之间成土 （5〜85 ) 度的夹角， 正号表示为左旋方向倾斜， 负号表示为右旋方向倾斜； 优选地， 所述双斜内肋的横截面的形状是下述各种中的任何 一种或几种的组合： 圆弧形、 矩形、 三角形、 扇形、 流线形以及 由几段曲线和直线构成的任意形状； 优选地， 所述双斜内肋的轴线是下列各种中的任意一种或几 种的组合： 直线、 折线、 弧线、 螺旋线以及曲线； 优选地， 所述强化换热管的内壁面是下述各种中的任何一种 或几种的组合： 光滑表面、 螺纹表面以及低肋表面； 优选地， 所述强化换热管的外壁面是带槽的表面、 光滑表面、 螺紋表面、 低肋表面或翅片表面； 本发明与现有技术相比， 具有强化传热作用显著、 流阻较小 和成型简单等优点。 实施例 1〜3与普通圆管相比， 对于湍流一般 可提高传热系数 80%— 150%， 比传热效果很好的横槽管可高出 30%, 但它的流阻比横槽管小 20%— 50% ; 对于过渡区对流换热， 其强化换热效果也十分显著， 从而具有十分重要的工程实际应用 价值。 此外， 与横槽管或螺紋管相比， 本发明双斜内肋附近不易 产生回流 （横向涡流）， 管内不存在流动死区， 从而具有较好的抗 结垢作用。 附图说明 图 1是一种不连续双斜内肋强化换热管结构示意图； 图 2是图 1中的 A_ A剖面图； 图 3是图 2中 B部分的局部放大图； 图 4 是另一种不连续双斜内肋强化换热管的部分周向展开结 构示意图； 图 5是又一种不连续双斜内肋强化换热管的部分周向展开结 构示意图。 具体实施方式 不连续双斜内肋强化换热管， 是在换热管的内壁面设置许多 不连续的、 与轴线有一定夹角并向两个方向倾斜的棱状凸起物一 双斜内肋。双斜内肋的高度一般不大于 0.2d，宽度一般不大于 0.5d， 长度一般不大于 2d ( d为基管水力内径）。 所谓的 "不连续" 是相 对于螺旋槽管 （螺旋连续）、 螺紋管 （螺旋连续）、 横槽管 （周向 连续） 而言， 是一种具有一定长度的粗糙元 （棱状凸起）。 不连续 双斜内肋强化换热管的制造方法可以用普通圆管或低肋管、 螺纹 管等经过模压或辊轧， 也可在轧制无缝管时成形， 还可在悍接有 缝管时成形。 管内流体在管壁上多个双斜内肋的作用下产生多个 纵向涡流和 /或其它二次流， 且涡流和 /或其它二次流主要集中在管 壁面附近， 从而对湍流换热和过渡区对流换热过程具有较好的强 化效果。 实施例 1 : 图 1 中示出了一种不连续双斜内肋强化换热管结构。 该管内 侧具有不连续双向螺旋凸起 （简称 "不连续双向螺旋内肋"）， 管 外侧具有不连续双向螺旋槽。
在图 1和图 2中， 附图标记 1表示管内不连续双向螺旋肋， 附图标记 2 表示管外不连续双向螺旋槽； 螺旋肋和螺旋槽是在加 工中同时形成的。 图 1 中的附图标记 d 为换热管的水力内径， P 为单个双斜内肋的轴向长度， C 为双斜内肋螺旋角。 图 3 中， 附 图标记 h为双斜内肋高度。 P = 0.3d、 h = 0.05d。 C-±45度， 正值 表示右旋、 负值表示左旋。 实施例 2 : 图 4 中示出了另一种不连续双斜内肋强化换热管的部分周向 展开结构。 该管内侧具有不连续双向螺旋凸起 （双斜内肋）， 管外 为光滑壁面。
在图 4中， 附图标记 3表示对称布置的不连续双向螺旋肋； 一个右旋斜肋与一个周向相临左旋斜肋组成一个涡流发生器； 在 同一横截面内沿周向有 4个斜肋组成两个涡流发生器。 图 4的附 图标记 C为双斜内肋螺旋角， Ο±50度； 正值表示右旋、 负值表 示左旋， 图中 C是右旋角。 图 4中， 附图标记 4示意性表示流体 在不连续双向螺旋内肋的作用下在内壁面附近产生的纵向涡流。 由于双斜内肋产生的纵向涡流主要存在于壁面附近， 因而在湍流 条件下具有较好的强化换热效果。 不连续的而且有一定斜度的双 斜内肋不易使流体产生横向涡流， 同时它使管内流通面积减少不 大， 因而这种管子的流阻较螺旋槽、 横槽和螺紋换热管小得多。 实施例 3 : 图 5 中示出了又一种不连续双斜内肋强化换热管的部分周向 展开结构。 该管内侧具有不连续双向螺旋凸起 （双斜内肋）， 管外 侧具有不连续双向螺旋槽。
在图 5 中， 附图标记 5表示管内不对称布置的不连续双向螺 旋肋， 附图标记 6 表示管外不对称布置的不连续双向螺旋槽； 管 内一个右旋斜肋与一个周向相临左旋斜肋组成一个涡流发生器； 在一小段管 （小于 0.5d ) 的内壁面上有 6个斜肋组成三个涡流发 生器。 不连续双斜内肋换热管的最佳实施方式为滚轧或模压成型。 不连续管内双向螺旋肋一管外双向螺旋槽换热管的轧滚轧制成型 工艺， 是在轧滚的成型表面上设置不连续低轧刃， 当换热管经轧 滚轧制时， 换热管的外壁面在低轧刃的挤压作用下成型为不连续 双向螺旋槽， 其管内则成型为不连续双向螺旋肋。 管内具有不连 续双向螺旋肋， 而管外壁光滑的换热管， 其制造工艺之一是与内 螺紋外光滑管的制造工艺相类似； 制造工艺之二是用滚轧或模压 成型的不连续管内双向螺旋肋一管外双向螺旋槽换热管再加工 (冷拔等）。 不连续双斜内肋换热管的滚轧或模压成型加工方法的 制造效率比普通螺旋槽、 横槽和螺纹表面换热管的制造效率高 5 一 10倍， 这是由于斜肋的不连续性所带来的优点， 因而其制造成 本也相应降低。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种含有内肋的不连续双斜内肋强化换热管，其特征在于： 管子内壁面存在双斜内肋， 即左旋方向斜内肋和右旋方向斜内肋， 它们是不连续的、 与基管轴线有一定夹角并向两个方向倾斜的棱 状凸起物， 所述双斜内肋的高度等于或小于 0.2d， 宽度等于或小 于 0.5d， 长度等于或小于 2d， 其中 d为基管水力内径。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的不连续双斜内肋强化换热管， 其特 征在于： 所述双斜内肋的轴线与基管轴线之间成土 （5〜85 ) 度的 夹角， 其中正号表示为右旋方向倾斜， 负号表示为左旋方向倾斜。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的不连续双斜内肋强化换热管， 其特 征在于： 所述双斜内肋的横截面的形状是下述各种中的任何一种 或几种的组合： 圆弧形、 矩形、 三角形、 扇形、 流线形以及由几 段曲线和直线构成的任意形状。
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的不连续双斜内肋强化换热管， 其特 征在于： 所述双斜内肋的轴线是下列各种中的任何一种或几种的 组合： 直线、 折线、 弧线、 螺旋线以及曲线。
5. 根据权利要求 1所述的不连续双斜内肋强化换热管， 其特 征在于： 所述强化换热管的内壁面是下述各种中的任何一种或几 种的组合： 光滑表面、 螺纹表面以及低肋表面。
6. 根据权利要求 1所述的不连续双斜内肋强化换热管， 其特 征在于： 所述强化换热管的外壁面是带槽的表面、 光滑表面、 螺 紋表面、 低肋表面或翅片表面。
PCT/CN2003/000905 2003-05-10 2003-10-27 Intensive heat exchange tube with discontinuous ribs Ceased WO2004099698A1 (en)

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US10/555,837 US20070000651A1 (en) 2003-05-10 2003-10-27 An enhanced heat transfer tube with discrete bidirectionally inclined ribs
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