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WO2004080565A1 - Moyens de reglage d'un degazeur - Google Patents

Moyens de reglage d'un degazeur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004080565A1
WO2004080565A1 PCT/NO2004/000053 NO2004000053W WO2004080565A1 WO 2004080565 A1 WO2004080565 A1 WO 2004080565A1 NO 2004000053 W NO2004000053 W NO 2004000053W WO 2004080565 A1 WO2004080565 A1 WO 2004080565A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
separation chamber
differential pressure
outlet pipe
fraction
degasser
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/NO2004/000053
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Alf Reidar Kluge
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Equinor ASA
Original Assignee
Statoil ASA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Statoil ASA filed Critical Statoil ASA
Publication of WO2004080565A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004080565A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
    • B01D19/0042—Degasification of liquids modifying the liquid flow
    • B01D19/0052—Degasification of liquids modifying the liquid flow in rotating vessels, vessels containing movable parts or in which centrifugal movement is caused
    • B01D19/0057—Degasification of liquids modifying the liquid flow in rotating vessels, vessels containing movable parts or in which centrifugal movement is caused the centrifugal movement being caused by a vortex, e.g. using a cyclone, or by a tangential inlet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
    • B01D19/0063—Regulation, control including valves and floats

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to separation of fluids of different density in a flowing multiphase mixture, such as separation of liquid and gas. More particularly the invention relates to a control system for a degasser arranged in a pipeline for multiphase fluid that preferably contains a substantial amount of liquid in form of hydrocarbons and/or water, from which gas is to be removed.
  • a degasser is a type of cyclonic separator that functions according to the cyclone principle that is using the centripetal forces in a rotating fluid flow. More particularly lighter components will be deflected easier than heavier components, such that in a rotating fluid flow the lighter components will accumulate centrally while the heavier components accumulate along the periphery.
  • a degasser that is particularly relevant in connection with the present invention is described in the international patent publication PCT/NO00/00224.
  • the degasser according to the above-mentioned publication is a device for separation of a fluid flowing through a pipeline, to a lighter fraction and a heavier fraction, in which device the fluid flow is set into rotation so that it is separated into a central zone essentially containing the lighter fraction and an outer annular zone essentially containing the heavier fraction, from which zones fluid fractions are taken out via respective outlet arrangements.
  • the degasser according to the above-mentioned publication is distinguished in that it is comprising an essentially tubular casing arranged to constitute a section of the pipeline proper, a spin element for rotation of the fluid flow being located at the upstream end of the casing, and the outlet means for the central zone comprising a discharge element arranged downstream of the spin element and having entry openings for discharge of the light fraction and possibly entrained heavier fraction from the central zone, a control separator connected to the discharge element and arranged to separate entrained heavier fraction from the light fraction, the separator being provided with an outlet for separated heavier fraction, and an outlet for the light fraction, and a control system comprising a level transmitter for indication of the level of separated heavier fraction in the separator, and a level control unit connected to the level transmitter and to a drain valve in the outlet of the separator for light fraction, and in cooperation with the valve seeing that the separated heavier fraction in the separator being kept at a constant level corresponding to the maximally allowed, entrained quantity of the heavier fraction in the light fraction.
  • lighter fraction will generally consist of gas and the heavier fraction will generally consist of liquid, even though in principle all fluids of different density can be separated by the degasser, for example separation of glycol from oil.
  • the above described degasser is aimed operated such that as much gas as possible is passed to the control separator, but not so much that disproportional amounts of liquid are entrained with the gas.
  • degasser reference is made to the above-mentioned publication.
  • Said improved control system is distinguished in that it is comprising: a differential pressure transmitter for indication of differential pressure between the zones for the lighter fraction in the separation chamber and the control separator, said differential pressure being used as basis for regulating a valve in the outlet pipe for the lighter fraction from the control separator, and a level transmitter for indication of the level of the heavier fraction in the control separator, said level being used as basis for regulating a valve in the outlet pipe for the heavier fraction from the control separator.
  • the aim of the present invention is to meet the above mentioned demand, which is achieved by providing a degasser with control means, comprising a pipe-formed separation chamber with an upstream end where fluid flow that is passed in by use of a spin element in the upstream end is set into rotation and separated into a heavier fraction that in principle is accumulated along the inner pipe wall of the separation chamber and is taken out through an outlet in a downstream end of the separation chamber, and a lighter fraction that in substance is accumulated along the longitudinal axis of the separation chamber, from where an outlet pipe is arranged for delivery of the lighter fraction to a control separator that is arranged to separate out optionally entrained heavier fraction from the lighter fraction, which entrained heavier fraction is taken out through an outlet pipe from a bottom area filled with heavier fraction in the control separator, preferably for delivery thereof to the heavier fraction from the separation chamber, while the lighter fraction is taken out from the control separator through a separate outlet pipe.
  • the degasser with control means is distinguished in that it is comprising: an orifice/nozzle with differential pressure transmitter for transmitting the differential pressure over the orifice/nozzle arranged in the outlet pipe for the lighter phase from the separation chamber to the control separator, said differential pressure being used as basis for controlling a valve arranged in said outlet pipe.
  • At least a part of the outlet pipe for the lighter fraction from the separation chamber to the control separator is arranged as a riser, separating said units, and preferably an orifice with a differential pressure transmitter for transmitting the differential pressure is arranged in the riser, said differential pressure being used for automatic regulation of a valve arranged in the riser.
  • Said embodiment is particularly practical and economically beneficial to manufacture and operate.
  • At least one orifice with differential pressure transmitter for transmitting differential pressure is arranged in the inlet to the outlet pipe for the lighter phase from the separation chamber to the control separator, said differential pressure being used for automatic regulation of a valve arranged in a part of the outlet pipe that is arranged as a riser.
  • Said embodiment is particularly beneficial as the signals for control are provided as early as possible in the separation process.
  • the differential pressure can preferably be measured directly over the valve arranged in the outlet pipe for the lighter phase from the separation chamber to the control separator, said embodiment resulting in reduced equipment requirement.
  • the degasser according to the invention preferably comprises means for automatic gas takeoff, means for automatic liquid drainage and means for automatic protective functions, such that automatic operation is possible.
  • the degasser according to the invention is preferably an inline-degasser, such that the separation chamber constitutes a section of the pipeline per se.
  • the control separator is preferably as small as possible (cf. the previously mentioned publications for further details) and significantly smaller than conventional separators. Thus very beneficial separation effect is achieved in relation to weight and volume of the equipment, and downstream located separation devices can be scaled down.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a basic embodiment of the degasser with control means according to the present invention
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a fully equipped embodiment of the degasser with control means according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates the basic construction of a compact inline degasser with field instruments.
  • a part of the outlet pipe for the lighter fraction from the separation chamber is illustrated arranged as a riser separating the separation chamber from the control separator.
  • an orifice is arranged with a differential pressure transmitter for transmitting the differential pressure over the orifice, said differential pressure being used as basis for regulating a valve in the riser to regulate the flow rate of the lighter phase from the separation chamber to the control separator.
  • an orifice/nozzle with differential pressure transmitter for transmitting a differential pressure over the orifice/nozzle is arranged in the outlet pipe for the lighter phase from the separation chamber, it is meant that the measurement of differential pressure either is over an orifice, over intake holes or at least one nozzle in the inlet to the central outlet pipe for the lighter phase, or that the differential pressure is measured directly over the valve in the outlet pipe.
  • the degasser is operated as far as possible with optimum gas takeoff, which means that as much gas is taken out that an increase in the gas takeoff will result in a significant increase in the water amount that is entrained, but with very little effect with respect to further gas takeoff.
  • the original control structure for the degasser was operated by adjustment of the separation effect by adjusting the flow rate of water drained out via valve FV 200, in addition to keeping the level in the control separator even by adjusting a valve FV 400 based on a level controller installed with the control separator.
  • the volume of the control separator resulted in a significant inertia in the system with respect to control, in addition to a general non- linearity for differential pressure with respect to liquid entrainment in the area between 80 % and 100 % efficiency for the separation.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a compact inline degasser with control means, in a fully equipped embodiment that represents the most preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the retroactive flow controller FC 100 manipulates valve FV 100 to maintain a steady-state multiphase flow into the axial outlet pipe from the separation chamber, which is achieved based on measured differential pressure over the orifice.
  • the set point for FC 100 must be adjusted, which can be undertaken automatically.
  • Optimalization of the gas takeoff must be considered in connection with the control of the liquid level in the control separator.
  • To avoid emptying of the control separator the drained water must be replaced such that a liquid balance is maintained. Therefore level controller LC 100 A is arranged, connected to level transmitter LT 100 in the control separator and flow controller FC 100, as illustrated on Fig. 2.
  • LC 100 A will automatically compensate for a decreasing level L 100 in the control separator by increasing the set point for FC 100, which will result in increased quantity of gas and entrained liquid to the control separator.
  • Liquid drainage from the control separator takes place via valve FV 200 and control thereof, which in principle takes place by flow transmitter FT 200 connected to flow controller FC 200 that again controls valve FV 200. Drainage of liquid from the control separator results in a decreased liquid level L 100 in the control separator, why the previously described level controller LC 100 A will undertake opening of valve FV 100 such that an increased flow rate of liquid arrives the control separator and the level in the control separator is re-established.
  • the flow rate of liquid drained from the control separator will typical be in the range 5 % to 10 % of the total flow rate of liquid through the liquid outlet from the degasser. At steady-state flow rate of liquid through the degasser also the liquid drainage F 200 from the control separator can be kept at steady-state. If the total flow rate of liquid F 300 through the degasser varies, F 200 can be controlled in relation to F 300, such as indicated by connections between the flow transmitters FT 300 and FT 200 on Fig. 2.
  • the pressure in the control separator must be kept sufficiently high for the liquid to be passed from the control separator to the outlet pipe for the heavier phase from the degasser, and not the opposite way.
  • This is achieved by controlling valve FV 400 such that it is sufficiently choked for the pressure in the scrubber to be at least as high as the pressure in the outlet pipe for the heavier phase from the degasser. More precisely this is achieved by connection from valve FV 400 to transmitters for flow in the outlet pipe for the lighter phase from the control separator, the pressure transmitter in the control separator (the connection is not illustrated on Fig. 2) and the connection via ZC 200 to the valve in the outlet pipe for the heavier phase from the control separator.
  • the degasser with control means is protected against liquid flooding and gas passage.
  • the protective functions are arranged both to avoid closing downstream located equipment, to protect connected control means and to provide possibility for automatic start and stop.
  • the degasser is also protected against passage of gas into the outlet for the heavier phase. If the liquid level L 100 in the control separator becomes sufficiently low the level controller LC 100 C will override the further control structure to choke valve FV 200 to avoid gas passage into the outlet pipe for the heavier phase from the degasser, as illustrated on Fig. 2 with connections between said units.
  • the level controller LC 100 C can be combined with the level controller LC 100 B by being configurated as a level range controller, as LC 100 B also is to act on valve FV 400 if L 100 > L 100 HH and on FV 200 if L 100 ⁇ L 100 LL, as described above.
  • Fig. 2 is considered the most preferred embodiment, since available microprocessor based control systems contain the functionality for monitoring and control of all the described variables.
  • the cycle time for the control loops should preferably not be slower than 0.5 second. In particular this is true for the control loop with FC 100/LC 100, which represents the fastest control function. All control means are preferably arranged with bumpless transfer between the different modes of operation, manual, automatic and cascade.
  • control means as described in the above mentioned patent publications can be implemented.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Degasification And Air Bubble Elimination (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dégazeur présentant des moyens de réglage, comprenant: une chambre de séparation formée par un tube, comportant une extrémité amont où un fluide qui y circule au moyen d'un élément de révolution dans l'extrémité amont, est entraîné en rotation et séparé; une fraction lourde, accumulée essentiellement le long de la paroi interne tubulaire de la chambre de séparation, et prélevée par une sortie ménagée dans une extrémité aval de la chambre de séparation; et une fraction légère, accumulée essentiellement le long de l'axe longitudinal de la chambre de séparation, d'où un tube de sortie est agencée pour décharger la fraction légère; un séparateur de réglage, conçu pour séparer de la fraction légère toute fraction lourde entraînée, cette dernière fraction étant prélevée par un tube de sortie à partir d'une zone de fond remplie d'une fraction lourde dans ledit séparateur, de préférence pour l'envoyer vers la fraction lourde provenant de la chambre de séparation, cependant que la fraction légère est prélevée du séparateur de réglage par un tube de sortie séparé. Le dégazeur est caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un orifice/buse à transmetteur de pression différentielle destiné à transmettre la pression différentielle sur l'orifice/buse monté dans le tube de sortie pour la phase légère provenant de la chambre de séparation vers le séparateur de réglage, ladite pression différentielle étant utilisée comme base pour le réglage d'une soupape agencée dans ledit tube de sortie.
PCT/NO2004/000053 2003-03-12 2004-02-26 Moyens de reglage d'un degazeur Ceased WO2004080565A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20031130 2003-03-12
NO20031130A NO318771B1 (no) 2003-03-12 2003-03-12 Degasser med reguleringsinnretninger

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004080565A1 true WO2004080565A1 (fr) 2004-09-23

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO2004/000053 Ceased WO2004080565A1 (fr) 2003-03-12 2004-02-26 Moyens de reglage d'un degazeur

Country Status (2)

Country Link
NO (1) NO318771B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004080565A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009108063A1 (fr) 2008-02-28 2009-09-03 Statoilhydro Asa Séparation et capture de liquides d’un écoulement à plusieurs phases
NO20120622A1 (no) * 2012-05-25 2013-11-18 Fmc Kongsberg Subsea As Gass-væske separeringssystem og fremgangsmåte for å drifte nevnte gassvæske separeringssystem.
WO2019060098A1 (fr) * 2017-09-19 2019-03-28 M-I L.L.C. Dégazage et analyse de fluide de forage

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4201555A (en) * 1976-12-30 1980-05-06 Joseph Tkach Method and apparatus for degasification of liquid by induced vortexing
US4978374A (en) * 1988-09-02 1990-12-18 Schlumberger Industries Liquid hydrocarbon delivery means including means for monitoring gas content
EP0552110A1 (fr) * 1992-01-13 1993-07-21 Eastman Kodak Company Dispositif et procédé et dégalage sans vide
WO2001000296A1 (fr) * 1999-06-28 2001-01-04 Statoil Asa Appareil permettant de separer un ecoulement fluidique en une phase gazeuse et en une phase liquide
WO2004001233A2 (fr) * 2002-06-21 2003-12-31 Statoil Asa Systeme de commande

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4201555A (en) * 1976-12-30 1980-05-06 Joseph Tkach Method and apparatus for degasification of liquid by induced vortexing
US4978374A (en) * 1988-09-02 1990-12-18 Schlumberger Industries Liquid hydrocarbon delivery means including means for monitoring gas content
EP0552110A1 (fr) * 1992-01-13 1993-07-21 Eastman Kodak Company Dispositif et procédé et dégalage sans vide
WO2001000296A1 (fr) * 1999-06-28 2001-01-04 Statoil Asa Appareil permettant de separer un ecoulement fluidique en une phase gazeuse et en une phase liquide
WO2004001233A2 (fr) * 2002-06-21 2003-12-31 Statoil Asa Systeme de commande

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009108063A1 (fr) 2008-02-28 2009-09-03 Statoilhydro Asa Séparation et capture de liquides d’un écoulement à plusieurs phases
US8657940B2 (en) 2008-02-28 2014-02-25 Statoil Asa Separation and capture of liquids of a multiphase flow
NO20120622A1 (no) * 2012-05-25 2013-11-18 Fmc Kongsberg Subsea As Gass-væske separeringssystem og fremgangsmåte for å drifte nevnte gassvæske separeringssystem.
US9956507B2 (en) 2012-05-25 2018-05-01 Fmc Kongsberg Subsea As Inline gas liquid separation system with a shared reject vessel
WO2019060098A1 (fr) * 2017-09-19 2019-03-28 M-I L.L.C. Dégazage et analyse de fluide de forage
US11739600B2 (en) 2017-09-19 2023-08-29 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Degassing and analyzing drilling fluid

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO318771B1 (no) 2005-05-02
NO20031130D0 (no) 2003-03-12

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