WO2003031989A1 - Single sensor to measure the wind speed and the wind direction without parts in movement - Google Patents
Single sensor to measure the wind speed and the wind direction without parts in movement Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2003031989A1 WO2003031989A1 PCT/IT2002/000644 IT0200644W WO03031989A1 WO 2003031989 A1 WO2003031989 A1 WO 2003031989A1 IT 0200644 W IT0200644 W IT 0200644W WO 03031989 A1 WO03031989 A1 WO 03031989A1
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- Prior art keywords
- sensor according
- bar
- wind
- previous
- fact
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/02—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring forces exerted by the fluid on solid bodies, e.g. anemometer
Definitions
- TITLE SINGLE SENSOR TO MEASURE THE WIND SPEED AND THE WIND DIRECTION . WITHOUT PARTS IN MOVEMENT
- the invention is composed of four main parts : one support ( element 1 fig. 1) which guarantees the fixing of the instrument to the surface or to the reference structure to measure the wind speed and the wind direction.
- It can also be magnetic and/or with a sucker to facilitate the temporary application.
- a bar ( element 2 fig. 1 ), fixed on the upper part of the support, is the sensitive part of the invention : it reacts passively to the stress imposed by the sphere ( 3 fig. 1).
- the materials that can be used to build the bar (2 fig. 1) are the following : steeL aluminium, carbon and other compound materials.
- a sphere (element 3 fig. 1) is situated on the upper part of the bar.
- the sphere is the part that resists to the wind and receives a superficial pressure proportional to the sphere's diameter and to the intensity (or velocity) of the wind.
- the wind speed gives a force to the sphere, that is trasmitted to the bar, perpendicularly to its axis.
- the spherical shape is the best shape , because different shapes by changing position would alter the surface of the exposition to the wind, causing swing of the structure with consequent alterations of the measure.
- the sphere can be built, in indicative way and not obligatory , with expansive materials, covered with glass fibers and/or carbon fibers, or plastic materials and/or resin, or aluminium. If possible, the sphere must be light and resistant not to generate another moment of inertia due to the weight of the ball with inevitable swings caused by the return of the energy due the elasticity of the bar.
- the bar When the wind exerts his force on the spherical surface, the bar undergoes a deformation proportional to the wind speed bending ( in an imperceptible way) according to where the wind is coming from .
- the easiest application is to stick passive extensometers so that they can measure the deformations and/or the extension along the principal axis of the bar.
- the number and the angular positioning of the detectors in order to measure the origin of the wind as to a cardinal point, it is suggested that the minimum number is 3 ; the detectors must be positioned at 120 degrees along the circumference determined by a perpendicular section as to the principal axis of the bar ( fig. 2 sec. AA).
- the ideal number for the detectors is 4: with this number it is possible to obtain a positioning at 90 degrees along the circumference, determined as above ( fig. 3 sec. BB).
- the detectors are connected to the electronic part of signal conditioning and signal elaboration: the signals can be read with different combinations to deduce the direction and/or the speed of the wind .
- the single detector and/or the couple of detectors that measures the greater extension ( or compression) are elaborated.
- the dimensioning of the bar can be obtained using the well known formulae of the mechanics, considering that it must undergo a deformation ( in indicative way and not obligatory) lower than 2%. with a wind of maximum intensity.
- the dimensioning of the sphere can be obtained through the well known formulae of aereodynamics : considering the coefficient of aerodynamic penetration CX of a ball and its diameter, the pressure and the resistance force to the wind that the sphere transmits to the bar can be obtained.
- the diameter of the sphere can be determined, considering the maximum wind speed which is to be measured .
- the system can be, eventually, protected by using a covering 5 ( fig. 4) on which a connector 6 (fig. 4) can be mounted and it can be allocated in different positions, including the support.
- the electronic circuit of conditioning and elaboration of electric signal of the sensor is not described because it is not the object of this patent : it can be carried out in different ways and there are systems to acquire data suitable to be used with this invention.
- the invention can be used to measure "the relative speed" of any means of transport. and/or locomotion immersed in a fluid (for example the air), and it works in any other position in addition to the vertical one
- Part a) brief description of the "previous condition of the technique " before the innovation.
- the wind speed's sensors are based on the use of the tachometer dynamo ( speedometer dynamo) or phonic wheels, which are mechanically connected to a rotative system with shovels or with helix.
- the number of turns detected while measuring is proportional to the speed of the wind.
- This system has restrictions depending on the rotation speed of the shovels ( passive cavitation ), and it suffers from the turbulences caused by the rotation of the shovels. Besides , since they have parts in movement, they are subject to wear and tear and seizure caused by dust, ice, and so on.
- the sensors of the direction are built with directional indicators, perpendicular to circular potentiometer which return different tensions depending on the position.
- the invention has the purpose to measure the speed (or the force) of the wind and /or its direction through the use of a single sensor : the use of the sphere with the instrumented bar and the support, performs the duties normaly done by two separate sensors.
- the single sensors use parts in movement which are subject to wear and tear and seizure, while the invention has no parts in movement.
- Another innovative characteristic of the invention is that it can measure very weak and/or very strong winds, because it does not suffer from frictions and passive cavitations and turbulences due to the rotation of the shovels. Besides is very quick and precise during the measuring of the gusts, because it has no inertiae that alter the reading, while the rotating shovels keep turning even when the gust stops.
- the invention has the following characteristics: it is easy to build, reliability , possible low price of sale, low costs of production, insensitivity to atmospheric agents , more resistance to lightning, more insensitivity to electrostatic charges, no maintenance, contemporary measures of the speed and the direction, a wide range of measures.
- Part c 't analysis of the result reached and examples of what it has been obtained
- the invention proved to be very advantageous and reliable, and since it has no parts in movement (constructive facility and low cost of production) it is not subject to wear and tear and seizure caused by dust, ice, and so on ( reliability and resistance to the atmospheric agents) , and it has no friction. It is not built with many parts ( low cost) . It can be particularly insensitive to electromagnetic interferences (EMC), it can resist the lightnings and the electrostatic charges, thanks to the use of extensometers / passive deformometer at low impedance. For example, in case of a lightning nearby the sensor, the sensor has a greater probability to support the event compared to other sensors. For this kind of application the electronic part of conditioning must be connected far from the main body.
- EMC electromagnetic interferences
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Indicating Or Recording The Presence, Absence, Or Direction Of Movement (AREA)
Abstract
The invention is a sensor with no parts in movement for the speed and the direction of the wind, contained in a single constructive unit. It is composed of a fixing support (1), a metal bar of circular section arranged in a vertical position (2), a sphere on the top of the bar (3). Many extension detectors and/or deformation detectors (4) are applied on the part of the bar closer to the support, in the direction of the axis of the bar itself. A protection (5) with a connector (6) protects the bar and makes possible the connection to read the signals. When the wind exerts its force on the spherical surface, the subjected bar undergoes a deformation proportional to the speed of the wind, bending in an imperceptible way according to where the wind is coming from. The ext ension and/or deformation detectors measure this deformation and are connected to an electronic circuit of conditioning and elabo ration of the signal.
Description
DESCRIPTION OF INDUSTRIAL INVENTION :
TITLE : SINGLE SENSOR TO MEASURE THE WIND SPEED AND THE WIND DIRECTION . WITHOUT PARTS IN MOVEMENT
The invention, is composed of four main parts : one support ( element 1 fig. 1) which guarantees the fixing of the instrument to the surface or to the reference structure to measure the wind speed and the wind direction.
It is built with suitable material to guarantee the rigidity of the support and the joint of the overhanging parts.
It can have any shape , even a complicate one with inserts and/or blockings to pole and/or blockings to table.
It can also be magnetic and/or with a sucker to facilitate the temporary application.
A bar ( element 2 fig. 1 ), fixed on the upper part of the support, is the sensitive part of the invention : it reacts passively to the stress imposed by the sphere ( 3 fig. 1).
The materials that can be used to build the bar (2 fig. 1) , in indicative way and not obligatory, are the following : steeL aluminium, carbon and other compound materials.
A sphere (element 3 fig. 1) is situated on the upper part of the bar.
The sphere is the part that resists to the wind and receives a superficial pressure proportional to the sphere's diameter and to the intensity (or velocity) of the wind.
The wind speed gives a force to the sphere, that is trasmitted to the bar, perpendicularly to its axis.
On the basis of the lenght of the bar, a moment is generated that produces a light flexion of the bar in the direction of the wind, deforming it ( the support must be bound).
The spherical shape is the best shape , because different shapes by changing position would alter the surface of the exposition to the wind, causing swing of the structure with consequent alterations of the measure.
The sphere can be built, in indicative way and not obligatory , with expansive materials, covered with glass fibers and/or carbon fibers, or plastic materials and/or resin, or aluminium.
If possible, the sphere must be light and resistant not to generate another moment of inertia due to the weight of the ball with inevitable swings caused by the return of the energy due the elasticity of the bar.
When the wind exerts his force on the spherical surface, the bar undergoes a deformation proportional to the wind speed bending ( in an imperceptible way) according to where the wind is coming from .
Around the circumference of the lowest part of the bar, near the support, the materials or the instruments are stuck and/or printed , and/or increased and/or mechanically connected (element 4 fig. 1). These materials or instruments , called from now on
"detectors" (element 4 fig. 1), will point out the variations of the extension or of the
(elastic) deformation of the bar (element 2 fig. 1).
The easiest application , for example not obligatory, is to stick passive extensometers so that they can measure the deformations and/or the extension along the principal axis of the bar.
Important about the invention are the number and the angular positioning of the detectors : in order to measure the origin of the wind as to a cardinal point, it is suggested that the minimum number is 3 ; the detectors must be positioned at 120 degrees along the circumference determined by a perpendicular section as to the principal axis of the bar ( fig. 2 sec. AA).
The ideal number for the detectors is 4: with this number it is possible to obtain a positioning at 90 degrees along the circumference, determined as above ( fig. 3 sec. BB).
So it is possible to determine the direction of the wind more accurately. Beside this number enables , for example not obligatory, the Wheatstone's bridge connection, which is not, as it is known , sensitive to the variations of the temperature and it is suitable for the measures of the elastic deformations ( in case that extensometers and/or passive deformometer are used).
However it is also possible to increase the number of the detectors to improve the definition and the sensitivity of the measure.
The detectors are connected to the electronic part of signal conditioning and signal elaboration: the signals can be read with different combinations to deduce the direction and/or the speed of the wind .
In particular to measure the speed, for example not obligatory, it is possible to elaborate the extensions or the deformations with Pythagorean theorem : if two detectors (extl and ext2) are positioned to 90° , the strength will be determined by the square root of the sum of the squares of the measures : F=SQRT(extlA2+ext2A2) .
As far as the direction is concerned , the single detector and/or the couple of detectors that measures the greater extension ( or compression) are elaborated.
For example, by using four resistive detectors , as for example not obligatory extensometer like strain-gauges, if the wind comes from the North the resistance of the extensometer A will increase ( fig. 3 sec. BB) ; if the wind comes from the South the resistance of the extensometer C will increase; if the wind comes from the East the resistance of the extensometer B will increase; if the wind comes from the West the resistance of the extensometer D will increase. If, for example, the wind comes from
North-East, the resistances of the extensometer A and B will increase and they will be the same. The intermediate positions between North and East will see a combination of increases and decreases correlated between the resistances of the~extensimeter A and B, as to determine the angular position with great precisioa
The dimensioning of the bar can be obtained using the well known formulae of the mechanics, considering that it must undergo a deformation ( in indicative way and not obligatory) lower than 2%. with a wind of maximum intensity.
Also the normal "range" of the deformometer/extensometers requires a 8 = ΔL/L = <
2%, that is for a measurable deformation (S) equal to a percentage variation of length minor or equal to 2%.
The dimensioning of the sphere can be obtained through the well known formulae of aereodynamics : considering the coefficient of aerodynamic penetration CX of a ball and its diameter, the pressure and the resistance force to the wind that the sphere transmits to the bar can be obtained.
Therefore, on the basis of the force that the bar can bear , the diameter of the sphere can be determined, considering the maximum wind speed which is to be measured .
The system can be, eventually, protected by using a covering 5 ( fig. 4) on which a connector 6 (fig. 4) can be mounted and it can be allocated in different positions, including the support.
Of course, being understood the main idea of the invention, the accomplishments and the details of its building can be changed without spreading further than this invention.
The electronic circuit of conditioning and elaboration of electric signal of the sensor is not described because it is not the object of this patent : it can be carried out in different ways and there are systems to acquire data suitable to be used with this invention. The invention can be used to measure "the relative speed" of any means of transport. and/or locomotion immersed in a fluid (for example the air), and it works in any other position in addition to the vertical one
Part a) : brief description of the "previous condition of the technique " before the innovation.
There are sensors that measure separately the wind and its direction, and that are built with systems and principles very different from this invention
The wind speed's sensors are based on the use of the tachometer dynamo ( speedometer dynamo) or phonic wheels, which are mechanically connected to a rotative system with shovels or with helix.
The number of turns detected while measuring, is proportional to the speed of the wind.
This system has restrictions depending on the rotation speed of the shovels ( passive cavitation ), and it suffers from the turbulences caused by the rotation of the shovels.
Besides , since they have parts in movement, they are subject to wear and tear and seizure caused by dust, ice, and so on.
They have frictions and passive and active inertiae, that produce a delay at the beginning of the gust, and they go on measuring even when the gust is over.
This considerations are true both for the force and the direction.
The sensors of the direction are built with directional indicators, perpendicular to circular potentiometer which return different tensions depending on the position.
They are particularly subjected to swings, above all if they are disturbed by nearby structures, that divert the flow of the air.
Part b) • objective that the invention intends to reach
The invention has the purpose to measure the speed (or the force) of the wind and /or its direction through the use of a single sensor : the use of the sphere with the instrumented bar and the support, performs the duties normaly done by two separate sensors. Besides, the single sensors use parts in movement which are subject to wear and tear and seizure, while the invention has no parts in movement. Another innovative characteristic of the invention is that it can measure very weak and/or very strong winds, because it does not suffer from frictions and passive cavitations and turbulences due to the rotation of the shovels. Besides is very quick and precise during the measuring of the gusts, because it has no inertiae that alter the reading, while the rotating shovels keep turning even when the gust stops.
Besides, the invention has the following characteristics: it is easy to build, reliability , possible low price of sale, low costs of production, insensitivity to atmospheric agents , more resistance to lightning, more insensitivity to electrostatic charges, no maintenance, contemporary measures of the speed and the direction, a wide range of measures.
Part c 't : analysis of the result reached and examples of what it has been obtained
The results reached answer to the goals set.
The invention proved to be very advantageous and reliable, and since it has no parts in movement (constructive facility and low cost of production) it is not subject to wear and
tear and seizure caused by dust, ice, and so on ( reliability and resistance to the atmospheric agents) , and it has no friction. It is not built with many parts ( low cost) . It can be particularly insensitive to electromagnetic interferences (EMC), it can resist the lightnings and the electrostatic charges, thanks to the use of extensometers / passive deformometer at low impedance. For example, in case of a lightning nearby the sensor, the sensor has a greater probability to support the event compared to other sensors. For this kind of application the electronic part of conditioning must be connected far from the main body.
Further characteristics of the invention are : it does not need much space , the weight is reduced , it is easily mounted on fixed and mobile infrastructures. It is free from restrictions of measure due to rotation speed limits of shovels and it is free from turbulences due to the rotation of the shovels.
It can be easily designed to obtain specific "ranges" of measurable speed and direction, and it is easily adaptable to various needs.
Claims
CLAIM 1 - A sensor that can measure the speed of the wind and the direction of the wind characterized by the fact that uses a sphere mounted on a instrumented bar, which is locked up on a suitable support (figJ).
CLAIM 2 - A sensor according to claim n.l, characterized by the iact that it is constituted by a sphere mounted on a instrumented bar, which is locked up on a suitable support (fig.1).
CLAIM 3 - A sensor , according to the previous claims n.l and n.2, characterized by the fact that the instrumented bar is composed of a bar on which extensometers and/or deformometers are applied (4 figJ). The instrumented bar and the extensometers and/or deformometers can be carried out with every techniques that make them suitable for the use of the invention. Particularly the following methods of applications are mentioned : sticking, printing, increase, assemblage, depositioa
CLAIM 4 - A sensor according to claims n.l, n.2 and n.3, characterized by the fact that it can realize the following functions at the same time : the measure of the speed of the wind and the direction of the wind, with combination of two methods of measure in the same constructive entity and in the same space, in one single unit of functioning.
CLAIM 5 - A sensor according to the claims n.l,n.2 and n.3 , characterized by the fact that it can do the single functions, that is measure of the speed or measure of the direction angle of the wind, by exploiting the system of the sphere and instrumented bar.
CLAIM 6- A sensor according to the previous claims , characterized by the fact that the bar is composed of metal and/or composite materials (for example not obligatory : carbon, Kevlar, fibre-glass) and/or any material that makes it suitable to the use in the invention.
CLAIM 7 - A sensor according to the previous claims , characterized by the fact that a bar is connected to the support, by using any suitable method or any possible
combination of the following techniques, which can also be used individually : welding, sticking, screwing , joint.
CLAIM 8 - A sensor according to the previous claims , characterized by the fact that a sphere is joined to the free side of the bar ( which is also joined to the support), by using any suitable methods or any possible combination of the following techniques, also considered singly : welding , sticking, , screwing , joint.
CLAIM 9 - A sensor according to the previous claims , characterized by the fact that the sphere is composed of expanded materials covered with glass fibers and/or carbon fibers, or it is built in metal, in aluminium, or even in plastic and/or other by - products of petroleum or any other material that makes it suitable to the use in the invention
CLAIM 10 - A sensor according to the claims n.l,n.2, and a 4, characterized by the fact that the mechanical parts are produced from bulk material through the turning, and/or they derive from the pressing of the parts and the wholes.
CLAIM 11 - A sensor according to the previous claims, characterized by the fact that it integrates a system of thermic compensation, including the use of one or more sensors of the temperature.
CLAIM 12 - A sensor according to the previous claims, characterized by the feet that it can mount a protection 5 ( fig. 4) that, in addition to covering the instrumented bar, can sustain the efforts out of the principal measure of the speed of the wind, exceeding the dimensioning of the first measure of the bar.
CLAIM 13 - A sensor according to the previous claims, characterized by the fact that the sensor can use any system of electrical connection with the instrumented bar, both inside or outside the invention, like a simple multipolar cable and/or a connector (example not obligatory of connection 6 (fig. 4).)
CLAIM 14 - A sensor according to the claims nJ,n.2,n.3,n.4,a6>n7,n8,n.9, and all, characterized by the fact that it is built with a mechanism that can be mounted in many parts.
CLAIM 15 - A sensor according to the claims n.4 or 5 characterized by the feet that integrates any other modification that can be added or deducted to those of the invention, or a system that can exploit the innovative method of the invention and that can alter the aspect of it, without modifying the original invention, based on the described system which uses a sphere, a bar with extensometers and/or deformometers and a possible support. As an explanatory and not binding example we mention the following improvement: the use of a covering resin instead of the protection (5 fig.4). Another explanatory and not binding example is the fixing of the bar without the use of the support .
CLAIM 16 -A sensor according to the previous claims, characterized by the fact that it uses a covering resin instead of or in addition to the protection (5 fig.4).
CLAIM 17 -A sensor according to the claims n.l, n.2, n.3, n.4, n.5, n.6, a8, n.9, a 10, all, n.l 2, n.l 3, n.14, n.15, characterized by the fact that it can be fixed whitout the use of the support.
CLAIM 18 -A sensor according to the claims n.4 or n.5, characterized by the feet that it uses a different shape from that "of the sphere, calculated for the same aerodynamic behaviour.
CLAIM 19 -A sensor according to the previous claims , characterized by the fact that the sphere does not swing, because the exposition surface does not change when the wind blows on the sphere, during the sphere movement due to the bending of the instumented bar .
CLAIM 20 -A sensor according to the previous claims , characterized by the fact that the sphere has a negligible mass in relation to bending stiffness of the instrumented bar, in order not to cause oscillatory movements, due to variations in wind strenght.
CLAIM 21 -A sensor according to the previous claims , characterized by the feet that it measures the wind strenght, indipendently of the direction it blows, thanks to the elaboration of the signals coming from the extensometers/deformometers.
CLAIM 22 -A sensor according to the previous claims , characterized by the feet that has not moving parts. CLAIM 23 -A sensor according to the previous claims , characterized by the feet that the instrumented bar bends as a consequence of the wind pressure on the sphere. CLAIM 24 -A sensor according to the previous claims , characterized by the feet that the bending of the instrumented bar is detected by the extensimeters and/or deformometers and through a suitable elaboration of the signals produced by these, it is possible to deduce the force and the direction of the wind. CLAIM 25 -A sensor according to the claims al, n.2 and n.4, characterized by the fact that the extensimeters and/or deformometers can be applied to the support rather than to the bar. CLAIM 26 -A sensor according to the previous claims, characterized by the feet that can be used in every possible fluid CLAIM 27 -A sensor according to the previous claims, characterized by the feet that can be used in every position
Everything substantially as described and illustrated and for the specified purposes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02783543A EP1497665A1 (en) | 2001-10-10 | 2002-10-09 | Single sensor to measure the wind speed and the wind direction without parts in movement |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ITPV2001A000009 | 2001-10-10 | ||
| ITPV20010009 ITPV20010009A1 (en) | 2001-10-10 | 2001-10-10 | SINGLE SENSOR FOR MEASUREMENT OF SPEED AND WIND DIRECTION, WITHOUT MOVING PARTS |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2003031989A1 true WO2003031989A1 (en) | 2003-04-17 |
| WO2003031989B1 WO2003031989B1 (en) | 2003-08-14 |
Family
ID=11453717
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IT2002/000644 Ceased WO2003031989A1 (en) | 2001-10-10 | 2002-10-09 | Single sensor to measure the wind speed and the wind direction without parts in movement |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1497665A1 (en) |
| IT (1) | ITPV20010009A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2003031989A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2623993A1 (en) * | 2012-02-01 | 2013-08-07 | IRDAM Institut de Recherches et Développements Aérologiques Marketing SA | Wind speed and direction measuring device |
| CN103543287A (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2014-01-29 | 东南大学 | Spherical wind speed and direction sensor structure |
| DE102014207929B3 (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2015-10-22 | DB Systemtechnik GmbH | Device for aerodynamic measurement on pantographs |
| WO2017031508A1 (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2017-02-23 | Witthuhn Russell | Electronic wind measurement device |
| EP3399320A1 (en) * | 2017-05-02 | 2018-11-07 | Rijksuniversiteit Groningen | Sensor element and method for measuring of near-field, large-scale hydrodynamic characteristics |
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| FR2476322A1 (en) * | 1980-02-15 | 1981-08-21 | Gueniot Xavier | Vibration and acceleration insensitive anemometer - has hollow sphere supported by hollow shaft and strain gauges protected from wind to sense inclination and acceleration |
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2001
- 2001-10-10 IT ITPV20010009 patent/ITPV20010009A1/en unknown
-
2002
- 2002-10-09 WO PCT/IT2002/000644 patent/WO2003031989A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-10-09 EP EP02783543A patent/EP1497665A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2623993A1 (en) * | 2012-02-01 | 2013-08-07 | IRDAM Institut de Recherches et Développements Aérologiques Marketing SA | Wind speed and direction measuring device |
| CN103543287A (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2014-01-29 | 东南大学 | Spherical wind speed and direction sensor structure |
| DE102014207929B3 (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2015-10-22 | DB Systemtechnik GmbH | Device for aerodynamic measurement on pantographs |
| WO2017031508A1 (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2017-02-23 | Witthuhn Russell | Electronic wind measurement device |
| EP3399320A1 (en) * | 2017-05-02 | 2018-11-07 | Rijksuniversiteit Groningen | Sensor element and method for measuring of near-field, large-scale hydrodynamic characteristics |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1497665A1 (en) | 2005-01-19 |
| ITPV20010009A1 (en) | 2003-04-10 |
| WO2003031989B1 (en) | 2003-08-14 |
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