WO2003018168A1 - Chemical reactor, equipped with a level regulator, for processing hair slurry that contains sodium sulphide - Google Patents
Chemical reactor, equipped with a level regulator, for processing hair slurry that contains sodium sulphide Download PDFInfo
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- WO2003018168A1 WO2003018168A1 PCT/EP2002/009176 EP0209176W WO03018168A1 WO 2003018168 A1 WO2003018168 A1 WO 2003018168A1 EP 0209176 W EP0209176 W EP 0209176W WO 03018168 A1 WO03018168 A1 WO 03018168A1
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- pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
- B01D19/0063—Regulation, control including valves and floats
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
- B01J19/2415—Tubular reactors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00002—Chemical plants
- B01J2219/00004—Scale aspects
- B01J2219/00006—Large-scale industrial plants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00002—Chemical plants
- B01J2219/00027—Process aspects
- B01J2219/0004—Processes in series
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00182—Controlling or regulating processes controlling the level of reactants in the reactor vessel
Definitions
- the invention relates to a chemical reactor, in particular for processing sodium sulphide-containing hair sludge, with at least one column which has a liquid filling and an internal gas space at the top, with a pump which feeds circulating gas into the liquid from below and optionally together with it sucks a reaction gas to be separated from a separating device out of the inner gas space, and with a device controlled by a fill level controller for generating a negative pressure in the inner gas space, with which the working level is kept at a predetermined level above a reference level.
- the column is treated with aqueous sodium sulfide-containing hair sludge from a depilatory system for skins and acidic circulating water.
- the resulting hydrogen sulfide is suctioned off together with the inert cycle gas, for example nitrogen, and removed from the cycle gas with the aid of an absorber.
- the lower part of the column is connected to an open container by a liquid seal. Its liquid level defines the reference level. The vacuum in the interior gas space to improve the desorption of the hydrogen sulfide and prevents the escape of this toxic 'gas at a leak.
- a vacuum source is used to generate the vacuum, which can be connected to the suction side of the pump via a valve regulated by the liquid level.
- This vacuum source is complex, especially since it must at least be able to generate the vacuum corresponding to the working level. You also need a high-quality valve, - which allows a precise setting of the opening cross-section of the valve for control purposes. In addition, there is the problem of recirculating gas that is extracted without affecting the control process.
- the invention has for its object to perform a simple and safe level control in a chemical reactor at a predetermined negative pressure in the gas space.
- the pump is connected to an external gas space both on the suction side and on the pressure side, the pressure of which is above the lower pressure, but is below the pump pressure, and the suction valve for lowering and the pressure valve for raising the working level can be opened.
- the pump not only serves to drive the cycle gas, but also to generate the negative pressure. There is no need for a separate vacuum source. Since the pressure in the outer gas space should be above the required negative pressure, very simple means are sufficient, e.g. a prestressed pressure accumulator, or pressure-influencing means can be dispensed with entirely, namely if the atmospheric pressure is also used for the outer gas space.
- the valves can have a very simple structure. An on-off function is sufficient to perform its task. Since gas is both removed from the circuit and introduced into it during regulation, the amount of circulating gas remains constant on average. In operation, very small amounts of gas, which are introduced into or removed from the circuit, are sufficient to effect level control in a large reactor.
- the solution is particularly simple if the two valves open to the atmosphere. This is possible if an inert or non-toxic cycle gas, e.g. N 2 , is used, which can be easily released into the atmosphere, and if the atmospheric oxygen does not interfere with the entry into the cycle, be it because of its extremely small amount, either because it leads to oxidation in a harmless way.
- the fill level controller has two probes defining an upper and a lower limit level and that the pressure-side valve opens when the value falls below and the suction-side valve when the upper limit level is exceeded. With the help of simple on-off valves, the working level can be kept constant within narrow limits.
- the hair sludge reactor shown in the single figure has a first column 1 with a liquid filling 2 and an inner gas space 3, and a second column 4 with liquid filling 5 and an inner gas space 6.
- the inner gas space of the first column is supplied with hair sludge 7 via a line, which is formed by treating the outside of a hide with aqueous sodium sulfide and then separating the hair.
- the liquid filling 2 is fed via a line 8 to circulating water, which is adjusted to a predetermined pH in the lower region of the first column 1 using an acid, such as hydrochloric or sulfuric acid.
- the hair / liquid mixture is introduced from the top of column 1 via an overflow line 9 into the lower part of column 4.
- a line 10 acting as a liquid seal leads to an open container 11, which is filled up to a reference level 12 with liquid 13, here the processed hair mud.
- This sludge runs, for example, via a run-off track 14 onto a screening and pressing device 15, in which the water is separated into a container 16 and dewatered hair sludge can be removed at the end 17 for further use as fertilizer or feed.
- the water 18 collected in the container 16 is returned to the column 1 via a line 19 and a pump 20.
- a pump 21 feeds an inert circulating gas, for example nitrogen, into the lower end of the column 1 via a pressure line 22.
- a pump 23 feeds this recycle gas into the lower end of the column 4 via a pressure line 24.
- the common line section 26 there is a separating device 27 which separates the reaction gas from the recycle gas and is formed, for example, by an absorber.
- the common line section leads to the suction sides the two pumps 21 and 23. Because of the suction effect, the working level '28 in the two columns 1 and 4, the height h raised above the reference level 12th As a result of this negative pressure and the circulating gas passing through the liquid, the reaction gas is very well desorbed from the liquid.
- a fill level control device 29 comprises a fill level sensor 30 assigned to the column 4 with a probe 31, which defines an upper limit level, and a probe 32, which defines a lower limit level.
- a pressure-side valve 33 or a suction-side valve 34 are actuated.
- the pressure-side valve 33 lies in a line 35, which connects the pump pressure side 22 to an outer gas space 36, which is under atmospheric pressure.
- the suction-side valve 34 lies in a line 37- which connects the suction side of the pump 21 with this outer gas space 36.
- the two valves are solenoid valves, which release a small throttle opening when excited.
- the suction-side valve 34 opens when both probes are wetted.
- the pressure-side valve 33 opens when no probe is wetted. Both valves are closed when only the lower probe is wetted. In this way, a working level between the two probes 31 and 32 is maintained.
- the reactor can also be equipped with only one column. It 'can also be more connected as two columns in series. To further accelerate and even out the reaction, the columns with a pulsator can improve the vortex formation Perforated disks or with motor-driven mixers, separated by perforated disks.
- the outer gas space can, for example, have atmospheric pressure or be formed by a container, one wall of which is provided with a movable wall, such as a membrane, which is exposed to atmospheric pressure. If necessary, this membrane can also be biased by a different pressure, in particular by the reference pressure which acts on the reference level 12 if this does not correspond to the atmospheric pressure.
- the valves 33 and 34 can also be controlled with a float switch.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
Description
CHEMISCHER REAKTOR MIT EINEM FÜLLSTANDSREGLER ZUR AUFBEREITUNG VON NATRIUMSULFID AUFWEISENDEM HAARSCHLAMMCHEMICAL REACTOR WITH A LEVEL REGULATOR FOR THE TREATMENT OF HAIR SLUDGE CONTAINING SODIUM SULFIDE
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen chemischen Reaktor, insbesondere zur Aufbereitung von Natriumsulfid aufweisendem Haarschlamm-, mit mindestens einer Säule, die eine Flüssigkeitsfüllung und oben einen inneren Gasraum aufweist, mit einer Pumpe, die Kreislaufgas in die Flüssigkeit von unten einspeist und dieses gegebenenfalls zusammen mit einem von einer Trennvorrichtung abzuscheidenden Reaktionsgas aus dem inneren Gasraum absaugt, und mit einer von einem Füllstandsregler ge- steuerten Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Unterdrucks im inneren Gasraum, mit der das Arbeitsniveau auf einer vorgegebenen Höhe über einem Bezugsniveau gehalten wird.The invention relates to a chemical reactor, in particular for processing sodium sulphide-containing hair sludge, with at least one column which has a liquid filling and an internal gas space at the top, with a pump which feeds circulating gas into the liquid from below and optionally together with it sucks a reaction gas to be separated from a separating device out of the inner gas space, and with a device controlled by a fill level controller for generating a negative pressure in the inner gas space, with which the working level is kept at a predetermined level above a reference level.
Bei einem bekannten chemischen Reaktor wird der Säule von oben wäßriger, Natriumsulfid aufweisender Haar- schlam aus einer Enthaar.ungsanläge für Häute und saures Kreislaufwasser zugeführt. Der hierbei entstehende Schwefelwasserstoff wird zusammen mit dem inerten Kreislau gas, z.B. Stickstoff, abgesaugt und mit Hilfe eines Absorbers aus dem Kreislaufgas entfernt. Der untere Teil der Säule ist über einen Flüssigkeitsverschluß mit einem offenen Behälter verbunden. Dessen Flüssigkeitsniveau definiert das Bezugsniveau. Der Unterdruck im inneren Gasraum verbessert die Desorption des Schwefelwasserstoffs und verhindert den Austritt dieses giftigen' Gases bei einer Leckage.In a known chemical reactor, the column is treated with aqueous sodium sulfide-containing hair sludge from a depilatory system for skins and acidic circulating water. The resulting hydrogen sulfide is suctioned off together with the inert cycle gas, for example nitrogen, and removed from the cycle gas with the aid of an absorber. The lower part of the column is connected to an open container by a liquid seal. Its liquid level defines the reference level. The vacuum in the interior gas space to improve the desorption of the hydrogen sulfide and prevents the escape of this toxic 'gas at a leak.
Zur Erzeugung des Unterdrucks dient eine Vakuumquelle, die über ein vom Flüssigkeitsstand geregeltes Ventil mit der Saugseite der Pumpe in Verbindung gebracht werden kann. Diese Vakuumquelle ist aufwendig, zumal sie wenigstens den dem Arbeitsniveau entsprechenden Unterdruck erzeugen können muß. Außerdem benötigt man ein hochwertiges Ventil,- das zur Regelung eine genaue Ein- Stellung des Offnungsquerschnitts des Ventils erlaubt. Hinzu tritt das Problem, abgesaugtes Kreislaufgas wieder zuzuführen, ohne den Regelvorgang zu beeinträchtigen.A vacuum source is used to generate the vacuum, which can be connected to the suction side of the pump via a valve regulated by the liquid level. This vacuum source is complex, especially since it must at least be able to generate the vacuum corresponding to the working level. You also need a high-quality valve, - which allows a precise setting of the opening cross-section of the valve for control purposes. In addition, there is the problem of recirculating gas that is extracted without affecting the control process.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei einem chemischen Reaktor eine einfache und sichere Füllstandsregelung bei einem vorbestimmten Unterdruck im Gasraum durchzuführen.The invention has for its object to perform a simple and safe level control in a chemical reactor at a predetermined negative pressure in the gas space.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Pumpe sowohl auf der Saugseite als auch auf der Druckseite über je ein Ventil mit einem äußeren Gasraum verbunden ist, dessen Druck über dem genannten Unter- druck, aber unterhalb des Pumpendrucks liegt, und das saugseitige Ventil zum Absenken und das druckseitige Ventil zum Anheben des Arbeitsniveaus ffenbar ist.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the pump is connected to an external gas space both on the suction side and on the pressure side, the pressure of which is above the lower pressure, but is below the pump pressure, and the suction valve for lowering and the pressure valve for raising the working level can be opened.
Bei dieser Anordnung dient die Pumpe nicht nur dem Antrieb des Kreislaufgases, sondern auch der Erzeugung des Unterdrucks. Eine gesonderte Vakuumquelle kann entfallen. Da der Druck im äußeren Gasraum über dem erforderlichen Unterdruck liegen soll, genügen sehr einfache Mittel, z.B. ein vorgespannter Druckspeicher, oder es kann auf druckbeeinflussende Mittel ganz verzichtet werden, wenn nämlich der Atmosphärendruck auch für den äußeren Gasraum benutzt wird. Die Ventile können einen sehr einfachen Aufbau haben. Zur Erfüllung ihrer Aufga- be genügt eine Ein-Aus-Funktion. Da Gas beim Regeln sowohl aus dem Kreislauf abgeführt, als auch in ihn eingeführt wird, bleibt die Menge des umlaufenden Kreislaufgases im Durchschnitt konstant. Im Betrieb reichen sehr kleine Gasmengen, die in den Kreislauf eingeführt werden oder aus ihm abgeführt werden, aus, um die Niveausteuerung in einem großen Reaktor zu bewirken.With this arrangement, the pump not only serves to drive the cycle gas, but also to generate the negative pressure. There is no need for a separate vacuum source. Since the pressure in the outer gas space should be above the required negative pressure, very simple means are sufficient, e.g. a prestressed pressure accumulator, or pressure-influencing means can be dispensed with entirely, namely if the atmospheric pressure is also used for the outer gas space. The valves can have a very simple structure. An on-off function is sufficient to perform its task. Since gas is both removed from the circuit and introduced into it during regulation, the amount of circulating gas remains constant on average. In operation, very small amounts of gas, which are introduced into or removed from the circuit, are sufficient to effect level control in a large reactor.
In vielen Fällen ergibt sich eine besonders einfache Lösung, wenn die beiden Ventile zur Atmosphäre hin öff- nen. Dies ist möglich, wenn ein inertes oder ungiftiges Kreislaufgas, z.B. N2, verwendet wird, das ohne weiteres in die Atmosphäre abgelassen werden kann, und wenn der Luftsauerstoff beim Eintritt in den Kreislauf nicht stört, sei es wegen seiner außerordentlich geringen Menge, sei es weil er in unschädlicher Weise zu einer Oxidation führt. Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist dafür gesorgt, daß der Füllstandsregler zwei, ein oberes und ein unteres Grenzniveau definierende Sonden aufweist und daß das druckseitige Ventil beim Unterschreiten und das saugseitige Ventil beim Überschreiten des oberen Grenzniveaus öffnet. Mit Hilfe einfacher Ein-Aus- Ventile läßt sich hierbei das Arbeitsniveau innerhalb enger Grenzen konstant halten.In many cases, the solution is particularly simple if the two valves open to the atmosphere. This is possible if an inert or non-toxic cycle gas, e.g. N 2 , is used, which can be easily released into the atmosphere, and if the atmospheric oxygen does not interfere with the entry into the cycle, be it because of its extremely small amount, either because it leads to oxidation in a harmless way. In a preferred embodiment it is ensured that the fill level controller has two probes defining an upper and a lower limit level and that the pressure-side valve opens when the value falls below and the suction-side valve when the upper limit level is exceeded. With the help of simple on-off valves, the working level can be kept constant within narrow limits.
Wenn mehr als eine bezüglich des Flüssigkeitsdurchsatzes in Reihe geschaltete Säulen vorhanden sind, empfiehlt es sich, daß jeder Säule eine Pumpe zugeordnet ist, die Saugseiten der Pumpen verbunden sind und lediglich die Druckseite der einen Pumpe mit einem druck- seitigen Ventil versehen ist. Dieses eine druckseitige Ventil genügt, weil die Gasräume der beiden Säulen über die gemeinsame Saugleitung untereinander verbunden sind.If there are more than one column connected in series with regard to the liquid flow rate, it is recommended that a pump is assigned to each column, the suction sides of the pumps are connected and only the pressure side of the one pump is equipped with a pressure-side valve. This one pressure-side valve is sufficient because the gas spaces of the two columns are connected to one another via the common suction line.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand eines in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbei- spiels näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of an exemplary embodiment schematically illustrated in the drawing.
Der in der einzigen Fig. dargestellte Haarschlamm- Reaktor weist eine erste Säule 1 mit einer Flüssigkeitsfüllung 2 und einem inneren Gasraum 3, sowie eine zweite Säule 4 mit Flüssigkeitsfüllung 5 und innerem Gasraum 6 auf. Dem inneren Gasraum der ersten Säule wird über eine Leitung 7 Haarschlamm zugeführt, der durch Behandeln der Außenseite eines Felles mit wäßrigem Natriumsulfid und anschließendem Abtrennen der Haare entstanden ist. Außerdem wird der Flüssigkeitsfüllung 2 über eine Leitung 8 Kreislaufwasser zugeführt, das mit Hilfe einer Säure, wie Salz- oder Schwefelsäure, im unteren Bereich der ersten Säule 1 auf einen vorgegebenen pH-Wert eingestellt wird. Das Haar- Flüssigkeitsgemisch wird nach teilweiser Reaktion -von der Oberseite der Säule 1 über eine Überlaufleitung 9 in den unteren Teil der Säule 4 eingeleitet. Von deren Oberseite, unterhalb des Arbeitsniveaus 28 gelegen, führt eine als Flüssigkeitsverschluß wirkende Leitung 10 zu einem offenen Behälter 11, der bis zu einem Be- zugsniveau 12 mit Flüssigkeit 13, hier dem aufbereiteten Haarschlamm, gefüllt ist. Dieser Schlamm läuft beispielsweise über eine Ablaufbahn 14 auf eine Sieb- und Pressenvorrichtung 15, in der das Wasser in einen Behälter 16 abgeschieden und entwässerter Haarschlamm am Ende 17 zur weiteren Verwendung als Dünger oder Futtermittel abgenommen werden kann. Das im Behälter 16 aufgefangene Wasser 18 wird über eine Leitung 19 und eine Pumpe 20 wieder in die Säule 1 geleitet.The hair sludge reactor shown in the single figure has a first column 1 with a liquid filling 2 and an inner gas space 3, and a second column 4 with liquid filling 5 and an inner gas space 6. The inner gas space of the first column is supplied with hair sludge 7 via a line, which is formed by treating the outside of a hide with aqueous sodium sulfide and then separating the hair. In addition, the liquid filling 2 is fed via a line 8 to circulating water, which is adjusted to a predetermined pH in the lower region of the first column 1 using an acid, such as hydrochloric or sulfuric acid. After partial reaction, the hair / liquid mixture is introduced from the top of column 1 via an overflow line 9 into the lower part of column 4. From the top, below the working level 28, a line 10 acting as a liquid seal leads to an open container 11, which is filled up to a reference level 12 with liquid 13, here the processed hair mud. This sludge runs, for example, via a run-off track 14 onto a screening and pressing device 15, in which the water is separated into a container 16 and dewatered hair sludge can be removed at the end 17 for further use as fertilizer or feed. The water 18 collected in the container 16 is returned to the column 1 via a line 19 and a pump 20.
Eine Pumpe 21 speist über eine Druckleitung 22 ein inertes Kreislaufgas, z.B. Stickstoff, in das untere Ende der Säule 1 ein. Eine Pumpe 23 speist über eine Druckleitung 24 dieses Kreislaufgas in das untere Ende der Säule 4 ein. Aus den inneren Gasräumen 3 und 6 wer- den über entsprechende Saugleitungen 25 und 25a sowohl das Kreislaufgas als auch das sich bei der Reaktion der über die Leitungen 7 und 8 geführten Flüssigkeiten entstandene Reaktionsgas, im vorliegenden Fall Schwefelwasserstoff, abgesaugt. Im gemeinsamen Leitungsab- schnitt 26 befindet sich eine Trennvorrichtung 27, welche das Reaktionsgas vom Kreislaufgas abscheidet und beispielsweise durch einen Absorber gebildet ist. Der gemeinsame Leitungsabschnitt führt zu den Saugseiten der beiden Pumpen 21 und 23. Wegen des Saugeffekts wird das Arbeitsniveau '28 in den beiden Säulen 1 und 4 um die Höhe h über das Bezugsniveau 12 angehoben. Infolge dieses Unterdrucks und des die Flüssigkeit durchsetzen- den Kreislaufgases ergibt sich eine sehr gute Desorpti- on des Reaktionsgases aus der Flüssigkeit.A pump 21 feeds an inert circulating gas, for example nitrogen, into the lower end of the column 1 via a pressure line 22. A pump 23 feeds this recycle gas into the lower end of the column 4 via a pressure line 24. From the inner gas spaces 3 and 6, both the recycle gas and the reaction gas formed during the reaction of the liquids conducted via the lines 7 and 8, in the present case hydrogen sulfide, are drawn off via corresponding suction lines 25 and 25a. In the common line section 26 there is a separating device 27 which separates the reaction gas from the recycle gas and is formed, for example, by an absorber. The common line section leads to the suction sides the two pumps 21 and 23. Because of the suction effect, the working level '28 in the two columns 1 and 4, the height h raised above the reference level 12th As a result of this negative pressure and the circulating gas passing through the liquid, the reaction gas is very well desorbed from the liquid.
Eine Füllstandsregeleinrichtung 29 umfaßt einen der Säule 4 zugeordneten Füllstandsfühler 30 mit einer Son- de 31, die ein oberes Grenzniveau definiert, und einer Sonde 32, die ein unteres Grenzniveau definiert. In Abhängigkeit von der Benetzung dieser Sonden werden ein druckseitiges Ventil 33 bzw. ein saugseitiges Ventil 34 betätigt. Das druckseitige Ventil 33 liegt in einer Leitung 35, welche die Pumpendruckseite 22 mit einem .äußeren Gasraum 36, der unter Atmosphärendruck steht, verbindet. Das saugseitige Ventil 34 liegt in einer Leitung 37-, welche die Saugseite der Pumpe 21 mit diesem äußeren Gasraum 36 verbindet. Die beiden Ventile sind Magnetventile, .die bei erregtem Zustand eine kleine Drosselöffnung freigeben. Das saugseitige Ventil 34 öffnet, wenn beide Sonden benetzt sind. Das druckseitige Ventil 33 öffnet, wenn keine Sonde benetzt ist. Beide Ventile sind geschlossen, wenn lediglich die untere Sonde benetzt ist. Auf diese Weise wird ein Arbeitsniveau zwischen den beiden Sonden 31 und 32 aufrechterhalten.A fill level control device 29 comprises a fill level sensor 30 assigned to the column 4 with a probe 31, which defines an upper limit level, and a probe 32, which defines a lower limit level. Depending on the wetting of these probes, a pressure-side valve 33 or a suction-side valve 34 are actuated. The pressure-side valve 33 lies in a line 35, which connects the pump pressure side 22 to an outer gas space 36, which is under atmospheric pressure. The suction-side valve 34 lies in a line 37- which connects the suction side of the pump 21 with this outer gas space 36. The two valves are solenoid valves, which release a small throttle opening when excited. The suction-side valve 34 opens when both probes are wetted. The pressure-side valve 33 opens when no probe is wetted. Both valves are closed when only the lower probe is wetted. In this way, a working level between the two probes 31 and 32 is maintained.
Der Reaktor kann auch mit nur einer Säule ausgestattet sein. Es' können auch mehr als zwei Säulen hintereinander geschaltet werden. Zur weiteren Beschleunigung und Vergleichmäßigung der Reaktion können die Säulen mit einem Pulsator und die Wirbelbildung verbessernden Lochscheiben oder mit motorisch getriebenen Mischern, durch Lochscheiben abgetrennt, versehen sein.The reactor can also be equipped with only one column. It 'can also be more connected as two columns in series. To further accelerate and even out the reaction, the columns with a pulsator can improve the vortex formation Perforated disks or with motor-driven mixers, separated by perforated disks.
Der äußere Gasraum kann beispielsweise Atmosphärendruck aufweisen oder durch einen Behälter gebildet sein, dessen eine Wand mit einer dem atmosphärischen Druck ausgesetzten beweglichen Wand, wie Membran,- versehen ist. Wenn erforderlich kann diese Membran auch durch einen anderen Druck vorgespannt sein, insbesondere durch den Bezugsdruck, der auf das Bezugsniveau 12 wirkt, wenn dieser nicht dem Atmosphärendruck entspricht. Die Steuerung der Ventile 33 und 34 kann auch mit Schwimmerschalter erfolgen. The outer gas space can, for example, have atmospheric pressure or be formed by a container, one wall of which is provided with a movable wall, such as a membrane, which is exposed to atmospheric pressure. If necessary, this membrane can also be biased by a different pressure, in particular by the reference pressure which acts on the reference level 12 if this does not correspond to the atmospheric pressure. The valves 33 and 34 can also be controlled with a float switch.
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2001140392 DE10140392A1 (en) | 2001-08-23 | 2001-08-23 | Chemical reactor, in particular for the treatment of hair sludge containing sodium sulfide |
| DE10140392.5 | 2001-08-23 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2003018168A1 true WO2003018168A1 (en) | 2003-03-06 |
Family
ID=7695768
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2002/009176 Ceased WO2003018168A1 (en) | 2001-08-23 | 2002-08-16 | Chemical reactor, equipped with a level regulator, for processing hair slurry that contains sodium sulphide |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE10140392A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2003018168A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102008030714A1 (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2009-12-31 | Hydac Cooling Gmbh | Device for separating gaseous components, in particular air, from liquid operating media |
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| US5544672A (en) * | 1993-10-20 | 1996-08-13 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Slug flow mitigation control system and method |
| WO1998034709A1 (en) * | 1997-02-06 | 1998-08-13 | Jens Pannenborg | Process for degassing liquids |
| US6171367B1 (en) * | 1997-06-05 | 2001-01-09 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd | Method and apparatus for delivering and recycling a bubble-free liquid chemical |
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2001
- 2001-08-23 DE DE2001140392 patent/DE10140392A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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2002
- 2002-08-16 WO PCT/EP2002/009176 patent/WO2003018168A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE122938C (en) * | ||||
| US5211842A (en) * | 1992-01-07 | 1993-05-18 | Conoco Inc. | Three-phase well test apparatus using pumped recirculation to maintain homogenous flow |
| US5544672A (en) * | 1993-10-20 | 1996-08-13 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Slug flow mitigation control system and method |
| WO1998034709A1 (en) * | 1997-02-06 | 1998-08-13 | Jens Pannenborg | Process for degassing liquids |
| US6171367B1 (en) * | 1997-06-05 | 2001-01-09 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd | Method and apparatus for delivering and recycling a bubble-free liquid chemical |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102008030714A1 (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2009-12-31 | Hydac Cooling Gmbh | Device for separating gaseous components, in particular air, from liquid operating media |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE10140392A1 (en) | 2003-03-06 |
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