WO2003013220A2 - Controlled flow limiting equipment - Google Patents
Controlled flow limiting equipment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2003013220A2 WO2003013220A2 PCT/HU2002/000077 HU0200077W WO03013220A2 WO 2003013220 A2 WO2003013220 A2 WO 2003013220A2 HU 0200077 W HU0200077 W HU 0200077W WO 03013220 A2 WO03013220 A2 WO 03013220A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- water
- equipment
- equipment according
- gel
- membrane
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
- F16K31/001—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by volume variations caused by an element soluble in a fluid or swelling in contact with a fluid
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G27/00—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
- A01G27/003—Control of self-acting watering devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H35/00—Switches operated by change of a physical condition
- H01H35/42—Switches operated by change of humidity
Definitions
- Subject of the invention is a controlled flow limiting equipment used mainly for watering of plants built into a rigid housing that contains a gel the volume of which depends upon its water content and a watertight elastic body.
- the watertight elastic body indirectly or directly effects the quantity of fed water.
- Plants have evolved by accommodating to different soil humidity circumstances, consequently some of them rather prefer the dry soil, while others the wetter ones.
- a sufficient amount of moisture content is highly important, which is mainly supplied by supplementary watering. Not having any natural wet it is practically the sole water supply for the cultures in greenhouses and plants in flats.
- Several equipment is known to carry out the controlled watering.
- Hungarian patent No. 217272 discloses an equipment the housing of which is equipped with the inlet port for the introduction of the over-pressurised liquid, the exit port and a connecting channel incorporated into the first and second walls being opposite to each other. Since one of the walls is mobile, the distance between the walls can be adjusted. Along the channels and squaring to the walls there are several baffles, which effect the flow resistance of the channel. Height of the leak between the baffles and wall varies in the function of the hydrostatic pressure. Disadvantage of the system is that it contains several complex elements, consequently its manufacturing and fine tuning is difficult.
- Hungarian patent No. 204647 discloses a water feeding sluicing pipe, which is equipped with a controlling device mounted into a pressure stabiliser housing. A tube-shaped elastic membrane is clamped loosely into the housing. On the internal wall of the housing there is an axial groove, while a circular insection or groove connected to the watering outlet is fashioned for controlling the water transportation. Disadvantage of the equipment is that the controlling range is relatively narrow and sensitive for the contamination.
- the subject of the invention is a controlled flow limiting equipment used mainly for watering of plants built into a rigid housing that contains a gel the volume of which depends upon its water content and a watertight elastic body with the following set-up: membrane holder 5 mounted on the cover 6 is connected to the rigid housing 7 in which one or more membrane 4 is placed next to the perforated plate 8 and the watertight elastic body - flexible tube 2 connected to the water inlet (A) and water outlet (B) and embedded into gel 3; or
- Effective hole of cover 6 of membrane 4 can be adjusted by displacing or twisting.
- one or more types membranes 4 with different water permeability are placed into the membrane holder 5.
- Water inlet (A) and water outlet (B) of the equipment might be in alignment.
- Water inlet (A) and water outlet (B) can be rectangular.
- the volume flow rate can preferably be 1-400 drops/min.
- FIG. 1 schematic cross-section of a design with elastic tubing
- a perforated plate 8 On a side of the rigid housing 7 there is a partly opened flat or bent plate-like unit, which is labelled as a perforated plate 8. It ensures the gel-water(steam) mass flow.
- the membrane holder 5 Next to the perforated plate 8 is the membrane holder 5 into which the membrane 4 with arbitrary shape can be inserted.
- the membrane 4 can partially or completely be covered by the membrane cover 6, which can be a built-in construction equipped with a displacing clutch or partially open twisting cover.
- Other alternative solution is also applicable, e.g. partially sticking down with a watertight or perforated adhesive plaster.
- Operational parameters can be controlled by the inlet pressure of water (position of water pot 19, see figure 3), constructional material of membrane 4, effective hole of membrane cover 6 and the geometrical position of the equipment (height in the holder pot 13).
- the total equipment is presented in figure 3 where the accessory elements can also be seen.
- the invented controlled flow limiting equipment 16 is placed into the holder pot 13, which in case (water 17 saturated soil 15, i.e. closed position) may be contacted with a water layer of 1-1,5 cm, however at the beginning of the operational procedure (opening) there is not any water in the holder pot 13.
- filamentous material 18 may be as well, which because of the capillary effect sucks up the water and provides the water supply; however on the figure it is not labelled at ail.
- This design presented in figure 4 is a novel form of the design presented on figure 3 with the differences that at the bottom of the holder pot 13 a (cord-like) filamentous type material 18 is placed, which because of the capillary effect recirculates the excess quantity of water into soil
- the connecting tube 1, soil 15, the controlled flow limiting equipment 16 and the label and roll of water 17 are similar to the ones described earlier. However in this case the controlled flow limiting equipment 16 is located in the chamber system 26, 27, 28 being partially or completely below the surface of the soil. Air-chamber 26 is separated by the closed cover 20 from the soil 15. The air-chamber 26 is made of a porous material and/or supplied with aerator holes 22, thus its air-space 21 is in connection with the outer air. Inside the air-chamber 26 there is a separator 25 dividing it from the water-chamber 27. Water 17 is in the latter one the quantity of which is controlled.
- Water-chamber 27 is in connection with the supplementary chamber 28 through the hole 24, furthermore the latter chamber through the partially open cover 23 is in contact with the soil 15.
- This type of special design does not allow the soil 15 to access the area of air-chamber 26 and water-chamber 27 occupied by the controlled flow limiting equipment 16. Soil sucks water from the supplementary chamber 28 because of the capillary effect.
- the controlled flow limiting equipment 16 is not immersed into water 17, preferably it is located near to the surface of the soil 15;
- the fibrous material 18 is connected to gel 3 or membrane 4 and its other end is in the soil 15;
- the water outlet (B) is located near to the surface of the soil 15.
- each one will uptake the suitable quantity of water.
- the soil being in small/large and dry/humid flowerpots 14 will uptake equally as much quantity of water as is needed for the saturation.
- the sensor is at the open air, consequently the control is in accordance with the extent of the evaporation and the type of soil and the salt concentration do not have any effect on it.
- the system is reliable, simple and does need any manual fine tuning.
- Adjusting the operational parameters can be carried out in a very easy manner by its
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Abstract
Subject of the invention is a controlled flow limiting equipment used mainly for watering of plants built into a rigid housing that contains a gel the volume of which depends upon its water content and a watertight elastic body wherein the membrane holder (5) mounted on the cover (6) is connected to the rigid housing (7) in which the one or more membrane (4) is placed next to the perforated plate (8) and the watertight elastic body; flexible tube (2) connected to the water inlet (A) and water outlet (B) and embedded into gel (3); or plate (10) on one side of which the gel (3) and on the other side is the switch (9), its wires (11) are connected to an electric valve or tap too.
Description
Controlled flow limiting equipment
Subject of the invention is a controlled flow limiting equipment used mainly for watering of plants built into a rigid housing that contains a gel the volume of which depends upon its water content and a watertight elastic body. The watertight elastic body indirectly or directly effects the quantity of fed water.
Plants have evolved by accommodating to different soil humidity circumstances, consequently some of them rather prefer the dry soil, while others the wetter ones. For their optimal development a sufficient amount of moisture content is highly important, which is mainly supplied by supplementary watering. Not having any natural wet it is practically the sole water supply for the cultures in greenhouses and plants in flats.
Several equipment is known to carry out the controlled watering.
Hungarian patent No. 217272 discloses an equipment the housing of which is equipped with the inlet port for the introduction of the over-pressurised liquid, the exit port and a connecting channel incorporated into the first and second walls being opposite to each other. Since one of the walls is mobile, the distance between the walls can be adjusted. Along the channels and squaring to the walls there are several baffles, which effect the flow resistance of the channel. Height of the leak between the baffles and wall varies in the function of the hydrostatic pressure. Disadvantage of the system is that it contains several complex elements, consequently its manufacturing and fine tuning is difficult.
Hungarian patent No. 204647 discloses a water feeding sluicing pipe, which is equipped with a controlling device mounted into a pressure stabiliser housing. A tube-shaped elastic membrane is clamped loosely into the housing. On the internal wall of the housing there is an axial groove, while a circular insection or groove connected to the watering outlet is fashioned for controlling the water transportation. Disadvantage of the equipment is that the controlling range is relatively narrow and sensitive for the contamination.
During the elaboration of the invention our aim was to develop a watering controlled flow limiting equipment, which is controllable in the whole break-make region, senses the moisture, manually operated and simply constructed.
We recognised that our aim could be achieved by the application of a sensor separated from the soil and a controlling unit, which rigid housing contains hydrophilic gel expanding or contracting in the f nction of its water content. Water adsorption capability of the gel and indirectly the water control can be influenced if the water circulation of gel (namely the capability of water uptake and emission) is adjusted occasionally by the application of membrane(s) and (partial) closure.
According to the above the subject of the invention is a controlled flow limiting equipment used mainly for watering of plants built into a rigid housing that contains a gel the volume of which depends upon its water content and a watertight elastic body with the following set-up: membrane holder 5 mounted on the cover 6 is connected to the rigid housing 7 in which one or more membrane 4 is placed next to the perforated plate 8 and the watertight elastic body
- flexible tube 2 connected to the water inlet (A) and water outlet (B) and embedded into gel 3; or
- plate 10 on one side of which is gel 3 and on the other side is the switch 9, its wires 11 are connected .to an electric valve too.
Effective hole of cover 6 of membrane 4 can be adjusted by displacing or twisting.
Preferably one or more types membranes 4 with different water permeability are placed into the membrane holder 5.,
Water inlet (A) and water outlet (B) of the equipment might be in alignment.
Water inlet (A) and water outlet (B) can be rectangular.
At water outlet (B) the volume flow rate can preferably be 1-400 drops/min.
Flexible tube 2 is recommended to be screwed.
As an example a design is demonstrated by the following figures:
- Figure 1: schematic cross-section of a design with elastic tubing;
- Figure 2: schematic cross-section of a design with elastic plate;
- Figure 3: scheme with the positions of accessories;
- Figure 4: an additional example for the whole design with accessories used for watering of plants placed into hanging pot;
- Figures 5 and 6: schematic drawing of a design as an integrated solution in flowerpot/soil.
Example 1
This solution is presented on figure 1. Under a moderate overpressure water is transferred into the invented equipment through the inlet "A" and the connection tube 1. This tube is connected to the flexible tube at least a part of which is inside the housing 7. The flexible tube 2 partly or completely is surrounded by gel 3 the character of which is that depending on the water content it is able to alter its volume, consequently it is reversible able to adsorb and emit both water and steam. Its constructional material can be anything" naturally assuming that it fulfils the above requirements. Practically some kinds of polymeric material is applied, which can be even solid (powder, granulate, etc.) in its dried state. The flexible tube 2 (beside the presented one on the igure) can be different being straight or bent pipe-like unit. On a side of the rigid housing 7 there is a partly opened flat or bent plate-like unit, which is labelled as a perforated plate 8. It ensures the gel-water(steam) mass flow. Next to the perforated plate 8 is the membrane holder 5 into which the membrane 4 with arbitrary shape can be inserted.
Optionally the membrane 4 can partially or completely be covered by the membrane cover 6, which can be a built-in construction equipped with a displacing clutch or partially open twisting cover. Other alternative solution is also applicable, e.g. partially sticking down with a watertight or perforated adhesive plaster.
Operation of the equipment is the following:
Water/steam passing through the .membrane cover 6, membrane 4 and perforated plate 8 humidifies the gel 3. By swelling it expresses a sufficient pressure and gradually compresses the flexible tube 2 resulting in the closing of water outlet "B" and ceasing the watering of the plant. Water permeability of the flexible tube 2 can also be controlled by its partial compression or twisting.
Operational parameters can be controlled by the inlet pressure of water (position of water pot 19, see figure 3), constructional material of membrane 4, effective hole of membrane cover 6 and the geometrical position of the equipment (height in the holder pot 13). The total equipment is presented in figure 3 where the accessory elements can also be seen. The invented controlled flow limiting equipment 16 is placed into the holder pot 13, which in case (water 17 saturated soil 15, i.e. closed position) may be contacted with a water layer of 1-1,5 cm, however at the beginning of the operational procedure (opening) there is not any water in the holder pot 13. At the bottom of the flowerpot 14 filamentous material 18 may be as well, which because of the capillary effect sucks up the water and provides the water supply; however on the figure it is not labelled at ail.
Example 2
This design in presented on figure 2. The membrane 4, membrane cover 6, membrane holder 5 is similar to the one described in example 1. However in the housing 7 a watertight elastic plate 10 is placed. On the one side of it there is a pressure sensitive (snap) switch 9, while on the other side the gel 3 is placed. Thus the water uptake of gel and its swelling indirectly effects the water feeding since the swelling deforms the elastic plate 10 and presses the switch 9. Wires 11 of switch 9 are connected into an electric circuit, which consists of an electric valve/tap that in case of need opens/closes the path of water flow.
Example 3
This design presented in figure 4 is a novel form of the design presented on figure 3 with the differences that at the bottom of the holder pot 13 a (cord-like) filamentous type material 18 is placed, which because of the capillary effect recirculates the excess quantity of water into soil
15.
Example 4
This concealable design is presented on figures 5 and 6. The connecting tube 1, soil 15, the controlled flow limiting equipment 16 and the label and roll of water 17 are similar to the ones described earlier. However in this case the controlled flow limiting equipment 16 is located in the chamber system 26, 27, 28 being partially or completely below the surface of the soil. Air-chamber 26 is separated by the closed cover 20 from the soil 15. The air-chamber 26 is made of a porous material and/or supplied with aerator holes 22, thus its air-space 21 is in connection with the outer air. Inside the air-chamber 26 there is a separator 25 dividing it from the water-chamber 27. Water 17 is in the latter one the quantity of which is controlled. Water-chamber 27 is in connection with the supplementary chamber 28 through the hole 24, furthermore the latter chamber through the partially open cover 23 is in contact with the soil 15. This type of special design does not allow the soil 15 to access the area of air-chamber 26 and water-chamber 27 occupied by the controlled flow limiting equipment 16. Soil sucks water from the supplementary chamber 28 because of the capillary effect.
Example 5
There are special set-up for watering of bonsai or other plants which need less water or do not prefer the high water content of the lover section of soil 15 in flowerpot 14. This design is equal to the one discussed in example 1 except of that
- there is not the holder pot 13;
- the controlled flow limiting equipment 16 is not immersed into water 17, preferably it is located near to the surface of the soil 15;
- the fibrous material 18 is connected to gel 3 or membrane 4 and its other end is in the soil 15;
- directly or with an extension by a tube the water outlet (B) is located near to the surface of the soil 15.
Advantages of the invented equipment are the followings.
At the beginning the water flow is very slow being around one drop per second. This is a very important feature resulting in that the soil sucks up the water before the standstill of the equipment. Such an initial slow watering provides a larger quantity of water addition relative to the manual watering.
At the same time the watering of one or more flowerpots 14 being in the same holding pot 13 can be carried out resulting in that each one will uptake the suitable quantity of water. The soil being in small/large and dry/humid flowerpots 14 will uptake equally as much quantity of water as is needed for the saturation.
The sensor is at the open air, consequently the control is in accordance with the extent of the evaporation and the type of soil and the salt concentration do not have any effect on it.
The system is reliable, simple and does need any manual fine tuning.
Since it is not in the soil the inspection, adjustment and replacement is very simple.
Adjusting the operational parameters can be carried out in a very easy manner by its
> positioning and selection of membrane 4 or closing the membrane cover 6.
It is permanently able for water supplementation beside the adjusted operational parameters and does not need any manual correction. •
Claims
Claims
1) A controlled flow limiting equipment used mainly for watering of plants built into a rigid housing that contains a gel the volume of which depends upon its water content and a watertight elastic body -wherein the membrane holder (5) mounted on the cover (6) is connected to the rigid housing (7) in which one or more membrane (4) is placed next to the perforated plate (8) and the watertight elastic body
- flexible tube (2) connected to the water inlet (A) and water outlet (B) and embedded into gel (3); or
- plate (10) on one side of which is gel (3) and on the other side is the switch (9), its wires (11) are connected to an electric valve or tap too.
2) An equipment according to claim 1 wherein the effective hole of cover (6) of membrane (4) can be adjusted by displacing or twisting.
3) An equipment according to claim 1 wherein one or more types of membranes (4) with different water permeability are placed into the membrane holder (5).
4) An equipment according to claim 1 wherein water inlet (A) and water outlet (B) is nearly in alignment.
5) An equipment according to claim 1 wherein water inlet (A) and water outlet (B) is rectangular.
6) An equipment according to claim 1 wherein the volume flow rate at water outlet (B) can be 1-400 drops/min.
7) An equipment according to claim 1 wherein the flexible tube is screwed.
8) An equipment according to claim 1 wherein for providing further quantity of water a supplementary equipment is implemented one of the ends of which is located in the surroundings of the soil (15).
9) An equipment according to claim 8 wherein the equipment providing further quantity of water is operated on the basis of the capillary effect.
10) Any one of the equipment of claims 8 and 9 wherein it is a fibrous material (18).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2002313567A AU2002313567A1 (en) | 2001-08-09 | 2002-08-07 | Controlled flow limiting equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| HU0103249A HUP0103249A2 (en) | 2001-08-09 | 2001-08-09 | Controlled flow limiting equipment |
| HUP0103249 | 2001-08-09 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2003013220A2 true WO2003013220A2 (en) | 2003-02-20 |
| WO2003013220A3 WO2003013220A3 (en) | 2003-05-08 |
Family
ID=89979609
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/HU2002/000077 Ceased WO2003013220A2 (en) | 2001-08-09 | 2002-08-07 | Controlled flow limiting equipment |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU2002313567A1 (en) |
| HU (1) | HUP0103249A2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2003013220A2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008068496A1 (en) * | 2006-12-08 | 2008-06-12 | Michael Edward Brown | Moisture responsive device and method |
| US20250160270A1 (en) * | 2022-02-07 | 2025-05-22 | Husqvarna Ab | A valve assembly for an irrigation system |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HU204647B (en) | 1989-07-17 | 1992-02-28 | Pest Megyei Mueanyagipari | Water-feeding spout |
| HU217272B (en) | 1993-07-30 | 1999-12-28 | Amir Cohen | Regulated flow restrictor device particularly useful as a drip irrigation emitter |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3125255A (en) * | 1964-03-17 | Kaiser | ||
| DE2325980A1 (en) * | 1973-04-05 | 1974-10-17 | Knut Bertil Edenhorn | DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE FLOW OF LIQUID THROUGH A LINE FOR ADDING LIQUID TO A LIQUID-ABSORBING MATERIAL |
| US4214701A (en) * | 1977-09-02 | 1980-07-29 | Gerhard Beckmann | Irrigation valve device |
| US4182357A (en) * | 1978-03-02 | 1980-01-08 | Leonard Ornstein | Method of controlling the relative humidity in a soil environment and apparatus for accomplishing same |
| IL127953A0 (en) * | 1996-07-09 | 1999-11-30 | Clive Lindsay Ragless | Soil moisture responder |
| GB9813876D0 (en) * | 1998-06-29 | 1998-08-26 | Knowles Albert H | A natural flow irrigation system |
-
2001
- 2001-08-09 HU HU0103249A patent/HUP0103249A2/en unknown
-
2002
- 2002-08-07 AU AU2002313567A patent/AU2002313567A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-08-07 WO PCT/HU2002/000077 patent/WO2003013220A2/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HU204647B (en) | 1989-07-17 | 1992-02-28 | Pest Megyei Mueanyagipari | Water-feeding spout |
| HU217272B (en) | 1993-07-30 | 1999-12-28 | Amir Cohen | Regulated flow restrictor device particularly useful as a drip irrigation emitter |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008068496A1 (en) * | 2006-12-08 | 2008-06-12 | Michael Edward Brown | Moisture responsive device and method |
| US8979430B2 (en) | 2006-12-08 | 2015-03-17 | Michael Edward Brown | Moisture responsive device and method |
| US20250160270A1 (en) * | 2022-02-07 | 2025-05-22 | Husqvarna Ab | A valve assembly for an irrigation system |
| US12342767B2 (en) * | 2022-02-07 | 2025-07-01 | Husqvarna Ab | Valve assembly for an irrigation system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2003013220A3 (en) | 2003-05-08 |
| AU2002313567A1 (en) | 2003-02-24 |
| HUP0103249A2 (en) | 2005-08-29 |
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