WO2003008730A1 - Construction system with pre-fabricated panels having a metallic spatial structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a system for constructing with pre-fabricated panels having a metallic spatial structure. The invention also relates to the design thereof and a building construction system that makes use of pre-fabricated modular panels with structural metal tubes which are made from, in particular, expanded and ribbed perforated galvanised sheet steel and steel. Said panels, together with the connection and strengthening elements, are assembled on site and are filled or lined with concrete or cement mortar according to the use thereof. In this way, multi-purpose dwellings and buildings can be constructed precisely and quickly without the need for heavy or complicated tools. The end construction, which complies with international building codes, is solid and resistant to seismic hazards, hurricanes, tornadoes and fire. Said novel design can be used to produce kits (sets of pieces to be mounted) for dwellings and buildings that are easy for end users to assemble.

Description

CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM WITH PREFABRICATED PANELS OF METAL SPACE STRUCTURE. Field of the Invention

The invention relates to the design and method of using a building construction system based on the use of prefabricated panels of metal spatial structure, particularly steel, and expanded metal sheets, the method with which they are assembled together, and are coated with concrete or cement mortar at the construction site; which is provided as building material or as kits (set of pieces to assemble a house).

Background and prior art

In the state of the art it is known the existence of different construction systems that include prefabricated portable walls that aim to reach resistance to earthquakes and earthquakes. US 5,970,672, of Amisk Technologies Inc., JP58123975 of Taisei Corporation, GB 1002957 of Spiti A V E E, GB 2,286,209 of Christopher Thomas Robinson, JP 2000336813 of Kajima Corporation. These construction systems keep the technical problem that arises when trying to assemble the different parts of the system because of their great weight and volume. The construction system whose protection is combined combines durability, flexibility and strength with great ease and speed of assembly, without requiring sophisticated or heavy tools. It is a system that is characterized by its efficiency and simplicity, where in addition, there is the possibility of giving different uses to similar panels, providing excellent finishes and reducing installation costs. There are developed in the world multiple building construction systems that range from traditional methods based on the use of different materials that are briefly detailed below:

Construction with concrete and brick structure:

This is the most widespread construction system, which is based on bringing construction materials to the construction site and carrying out the entire construction process on site, the result is generally that of a solid, safe, durable and earthquake resistant construction Hurricanes and fire, varying its quality a lot, is a complex, expensive and time-consuming system that requires specialized labor. Wood constructions

It is a construction system based on the use of treated and prefabricated woods that are assembled on site, the result is a fast construction well presented and of reasonable cost, it is resistant to earthquakes but not to hurricanes, tornadoes or fire its duration is limited.

Prefabricated concrete constructions

It is a construction system that is based on the prefabrication of concrete elements in specialized factories then transported to work and assembled with heavy machinery, it is fast, safe, high quality but expensive and very limited by transport and its high technology, This is why it is not used massively in countries with little development. Constructions with prefabrication of panels or light structural elements It is a construction system in which the elements or panels are assembled on site and then filled or coated with mortars or concrete, this type of construction summarizes the strengths of the systems mentioned above, has High resistance to earthquakes, tornado hurricanes and fire, it is quickly built with reasonable prices, it is easy to transport and little skilled labor is used. The present invention belongs to this segment of construction systems.

Brief description of the Graphics

Graph # 1: Detail of the different types of trusses.

Graphic # 2: Nervous sheet and the forms it acquires for the different types of panels.

Graph # 3: Detail of the rods that are used to build the panels and to turn and reinforce them as the case may be.

Graph # 4: Detail of the different types of joints in the construction of panels or in the use as a construction system.

Graphic # 5: Detail of the elements that make up the wall panel and different examples of them. Graphic # 6: Detail of the elements that make up the slab panel and different examples of them.

Graphic # 7: Detail of the elements that make up the wildcard panel and different examples of them.

Graphic # 8: Detail of the elements that make up the lintel panel and an example of a connection between wall panels, lintel panel and sill panel.

Graphic # 9: Example of joining between wall panels forming a larger wall and covering the wall with concrete or cement mortar.

Graph # 10: Examples of filling with acoustic and thermal material of various types of panels. Graphic # 11: Example of the reinforced corner joint of two wall panels including cylindrical cranial and reinforcing rod.

Graphic # 12: Example of simple corner joint of two wall panels.

Graphic # 13: Examples of joining three or four wall panels in Te or Cruz.

Graph # 14: Examples of union between wall panels and foundation panels, concrete clad panels or cement mortar.

Graph # 15: Example of connection between wall panel and earthenware panel using reinforcement rod, concrete clad panels or cement mortar

Graphic # 16: Example of wall panel joint with slab panels on both sides, concrete clad panels or cement mortar. Graphic # 17: Example of joining wall panels (ground floor) wall panels (upper floor) with earthenware panels.

Graph # 18: example of placement of electrical and sanitary installations in Murotec panels and start of coating with concrete or cement mortar. Description of the components of the Murotec construction system

(Cl) Truss

The trusses (Graphs # 1) are the structural base of the panel is composed of metal rods preferably between 2800 and 4500kg / cm2 of creep limit, drawn and galvanized or protected against corrosion in thicknesses ranging from 4mm to 8mm. The lateral rods are straight and the central rod is zigzag shaped (Cl.l), ladder (C1.2), (C1.3), or combined (C1.4), welded with Mig (arc) or Spot solder (resistance) (according to welding techniques) to the lateral rods, the distance that separates the lateral rods varies from 40mm. up to 150mm Depending on the use and size of the wall, at the ends of the truss a perpendicular rod is welded to reinforce it, the length of the various trusses according to the size of the panel can be up to 12 meters long. (NI) Boxed wall nervometal

The nervometal (Graphs # 2) is made of metal sheet preferably of galvanized steel 0.3 to 0.5 mm thick, punched, expanded, and folded to form rigid ribs along the material, the manufactured sheet is folded along forming a three-dimensional figure with a profile that can be variable as we see in the details (Nl.l, NI .2, NI.3) in two of its sides and rectangular in the others, the width, length and thickness of this nerometal box , will depend on the dimensions (Graphs # 5) in which it is introduced within the following limits: width of 6cm. to 40cm in each module, high of 20cm. at 600cm, thickness from 5cm to 20cm, the nervometal is attached to any of the panels (Graphics # 4) with staples (U5), it has a ribbed, wooden or cardboard mesh cover on the top and bottom If the concrete or cement mortar that is being applied does not penetrate inside it, it can also have glued paper (kraft) attached to the inside for the same purpose described above, it can carry inside the acoustic and thermal insulation (Al ) (Graphics # 10) described above that is clamped so that it does not leave the panel. When concrete (Hl) or cement mortar (H2) is applied, the nervometal stiffens into a single body with the trusses (Cl) and rods (VI).

(N2) Nervometal boxed slabs

The nervometal (Graphs # 2) is manufactured with metal sheet preferably of 0.3 to 0.5 mm thick galvanized steel, punched (alternating cuts of 1 to 3 cm) along the panel, expanded (stretched to open the cuts made) , and folded to form rigid nerves along the material, the manufactured laaniin is folded along it forming a three-dimensional rhomboid figure (N2.1, N2.2), the upper side being (considering that the panel is lying down) 5cm wider than the bottom one so that when the upper concrete layer is placed, ribs are formed to support the compression loads that are generated. The width, length and thickness will depend on the panel (P2) in which it is inserted within the following limits width from 6 to 40 cm, length from 20 to 600 cm, thickness from 5 to 20 cm, the nervous is attached to any of the panels (P2) with staples (U4), it has a ribbed mesh, wood or cardboard cover on its front and back so that the concrete (Hl) that is being applied does not penetrate inside, it can also have glued packaging paper (kraft) attached to it with the same purpose described above, it can also have the acoustic and thermal insulation (Al) inside (Graphics # 10) indicated Previously that it is held with staples so that it does not leave the panel, when concrete (Hl) or cement mortar (H2) is applied, the nervometal is stiffened forming a single body with the trusses (Cl) and rods (NI) described previously. (Ν3) Ν cylindrical servo

The cylindrical nerve (Ν3) (Graphs # 2) is made of metal sheet preferably of galvanized steel 0.3 to 0.5 mm thick, punched, expanded, and folded to form rigid ribs along the material, the manufactured sheet is cut longitudinally in sections of 15cm. to 30cm wide, these are folded forming a cylindrical figure that will have the height of the panel where it is inserted. The cylindrical nervometal is used to place in the joints between walls that form corners in L (Graphs # 11) or T (Graphs # 13) or in the wildcards (Graphs # 7) in order that they have a base mesh where concrete (Hl) or cement mortar (H2) is attached when applied, it can also, already placed inside the panel and at the construction site, fill concrete (Hl) and place internally steel rods, to reinforce the joint.

(Ν4) Νervometal gutter

The rib channel (Ν4.2) (Graphs # 2) is made of metal sheet preferably of galvanized steel 0.3 to 0.5 mm thick, punched, expanded, and folded to form rigid ribs along the material, the manufactured sheet is Cut it lengthwise into pieces 20cm thick. They are folded into a cubic shape without the top part that will have the width of the panel (Graphs # 15, # 16, # 17). The nervous channel is used to place in the joints between walls and slabs so that they have a mesh base where the concrete (Hl) is attached when it is poured.

(Pl) Wall Panel:

Wall panel (Graphics # 5) consisting of two, three, four or five trusses (Cl) parallel and separated between 6cm and 40cm distance, joined with Mig (arc), spot, or autogenous weld to drawn steel rods (NI) from 4mm to 8mm in diameter placed transversely to both sides of the panel and separated between 10cm and 40cm apart depending on the loads and stresses to which it will be subjected, inside the panel is an expanded metal mesh (Νl) and ribbed in different ways (Νl.l, Ν1.2, Ν1.3) (Graph # 2), located between every two trusses, fastened to the transverse rods with staples (U5) or welded, the sides of the nerometal are bent towards the inside so that its edges do not hurt users, at the ends it has a cardboard, wood or expanded mesh cover to prevent the interior of the panel from filling the concrete (Hly H2), to its Once inside the nerve joint, acoustic material may or may not be or thermal (Al) which can be expanded polystyrene, fiberglass, pumice polyurethane foam, terrocement, or any material that meets the condition of being acoustic or thermal. The application of heavy or granulated thermal acoustic materials will be carried out on site after the panel is placed in its final place, the size of the panel varies according to its use and ranges from 30cm. height (as sills, see Graphics # 8) up to 600cm. to walls that cover two floors, and its width ranges from 20 cm in the wall panel made with two trusses to 120cm in the panel made with five trusses (Graphs # 5), the rods (NI) and the trusses may or may not protrude width of the panel according to its use, The wall panel after its placement will be covered with concrete or mortar (Hly H2) of cement with a layer of 1 to 3.5cm thick on the nerve and the structure of steel or other metals in all its sides, its application will be given manually or mechanically, the concrete cladding (Hl) will be done when the wall is structural and bearing, the mortar cladding (H2) will be done when the wall supports only light loads or is embedded between structures of concrete or iron independent of this system. In special circumstances it is also possible, placed he or the wall panels in its construction site, to fill its interior of concrete and irons, to reinforce them.

(P2) Slab panel:

Panel slab (Graphs # 6) consisting of two, three, four or five trusses (Cl) parallel and separated between 6cm and 40cm distance, joined with Mig, spot, arc or autogenous weld to rods (NI) of wire drawn steel 4mm to 8mm in diameter placed transversely to both sides (bottom and top) of the panel and separated between 20cm and 40cm distance depending on the loads and stresses to which it will be subjected, inside the panel is a metal-metallic mesh ( Ν2.1, Ν2.2) (Graphs # 2) expanded and veined in the form of a rhomboid, rectangular, or rounded three-dimensional figure, the upper surface of the three-dimensional figure is 3, 5cm shorter on the sides than they join the trusses and on the lower side it is separated lcm from the trusses. This figure is located between every two trusses, and attached to the transverse rods with staples (U5) placed manually or mechanically, the sides of the nervometal will be folded inwards so that their edges do not hurt the users, at the ends It has a cardboard, wood or expanded mesh lid, to prevent the interior of the panel from filling in the concrete application process, in turn inside the nervous membrane there may or may not be acoustic and / or thermal material (Al) ( Graphics # 10) which can be expanded polystyrene, fiberglass, pumice polyurethane foam, terrocement, or any material that fulfills that function. The application of heavy or granulated thermal acoustic materials will be carried out on site after the panel is placed in its final place, the size of the slab panel varies according to its use and the light it will cover, ranges from 6 cm in height for inaccessible slabs (inclined roofs) up to 25cm for accessible slabs (floors with live load such as people, snow etc.), their width ranges from 20cm in the slab panel made with two trusses to 120cm in the panel made with five trusses, and their length covers lights from 30cm to 600cm depending on the height of the panel and the diameter of its irons. The rods (NI) and / or the trusses may or may not project the width of the panel depending on its use. The slab panel after its placement will be covered with concrete (Hl) with a layer of 3 to 4 cm thick on the nerve in the upper part and 1 to 2.5 cm of cement mortar (H2) in the lower part, its Application will be executed manually or mechanically.

P (3) Foundation panel:

Foundations panel (Graphs # 14) consisting of two, three, four or five trusses (Cl) parallel and separated between 6cm and 40cm distance, joined with Mig, spot, arc or autogenous weld to rods (NI) of wire drawn steel 4mm to 8mm in diameter placed transversely to both sides of the panel and separated between 20cm and 40cm distance depending on the loads and efforts to which it will be subjected, the panel has a reinforcement welded (N2) that is placed between the joint Two wall panels with the in order that it transmits the efforts of dead or live loads efficiently towards the foundation panel and this in turn to the ground, depending on the loads that it has to transmit the foundation panel will have greater height and its thicker rods, this panel does not carry but it can have thermal insulation of waterproof type inside that will be placed before its final location. The panel can be placed centrally in relation to the wall or moved to the side. The panel will have a length that goes from 30cm to 120cm in accordance with the loads to which the foundation panel is subjected, it will always be placed on the ground on a previously molten concrete layer of at least 5cm so that the iron of the part The bottom of the panel does not come into direct contact with the earth. Once the panel is placed, the concrete (Hl) is melted leaving the reinforcing iron that is placed on its side protruding. The rods (VI) and / or the trusses may or may not project the width of the panel depending on its use. In single-floor constructions, all the wall panels (Pl) can be mounted on the foundation panel (Graphics # 14) before melting the concrete floor.

(P4) Wildcard panel

Wildcard panel (Graphs # 7) formed by two parallel trusses (Cl) whose separation is variable, which have independently welded transverse rods (NI) of drawn steel of 4mm to 8mm in diameter placed transversely to both sides of the trusses that make up the panel and separated between 20cm and 40cm distance depending on the loads and stresses to which it will be subjected, inside the panel is one or several metal meshes (nerv3) expanded and ribbed in the form of a relatively deformable cylindrical figure, and It can cover different distances in width from 5cm to 30cm. The panel has been designed to give the construction system the greatest flexibility and adapt to any type of architectural project. Once the required dimension is established, the joints of the transverse rods are welded. The rods (NI) and / or the trusses may or may not project the width of the panel depending on its use. The wildcard panel after its placement will be covered with concrete (Hl) or cement mortar (H2) with a 2.5cm thick layer on the nerve and the steel structure on all sides, its application will be given manually or mechanically

(P5) Panel lintel Panel lintel (Graphics # 8) is similar in its characteristics to the wall panel (Pl), but it works supported by the sides, without lower support so it is necessary to reinforce it by placing diagonals on the front and back With the rod similar to that of the truss joint (VI) in this panel, the rods that form the sides of the trusses of 10cm to 15cm on each side stand out, so that it can be attached to the panel. The wall panel after its installation will be covered with concrete (Hl) or cement mortar (H2) with a 2.5cm thick layer on the nerve in all its sides, its application will be given manually or mechanically

(VI) Truss union rod Metal rod (Graphs # 3) preferably drawn steel of 4500kg x cm2 of creep limit, its diameter varies from 4mm to 8mm and its length is according to the width of the panel (Pl ... P4) this rod may or may not protrude from 5cm to 15cm from the sides of the panel so that when joining two panels it serves as support and alignment of the Union. The rod is welded to trusses with Mig, Spot, or autogenous welds. The rod is used to join panel trusses of all types.

(V2) Foundation reinforcement rod

Rod (Graphics # 3) preformed metal preferably drawn steel of 4500kg x cm2 of creep limit, its diameter varies from 4mm to 8mm, bent in the form of double L according to its design (V2). The separation of the double L is always equal to the width of the truss that is being used in order to penetrate inside the rods (NI) that protrude from the sides of the panel, its purpose is to reinforce the knot of junction between the foundation panel (P3) and the wall panel (Pl) so it is always welded laterally to the foundation panel.

(V3) Corner reinforcement rod Rod (Graphs # 3) of straight drawn steel of 4500kg x cm2 of creep limit, its diameter varies from 4mm to 8mm, and its length is according to the height of the wall panel (Pl). This rod makes it possible to form the joining corner of two panels reinforcing it, the rod joins any of the joints (U1 ... 4) to the rods (VI) that has the wall panels (Pl) the corner that forms It can have angles ranging from 30 degrees to 150 degrees.

(V4) Reinforcement rod wall / slab joint

Rod (Graphs # 3) preformed of drawn steel of 4500kg x cm2 of creep limit, its diameter varies from 4mm to 8mm, bent in a double L shape according to its design (V4). The separation of the double L is always equal to the width of the truss that has both the wall panels (Pl) and the slab panels (P2), in order to penetrate inside the rods (NI) that protrude through the panel sides. Its purpose is to reinforce the joint node between the wall panel (Pl) and the slab panel (P2) is always welded laterally to the slab panel to facilitate its placement.

(V5) Slab / wall / slab joint reinforcement rod

Rod (Graphs # 3) preformed of drawn steel of 4500kg x cm2 of creep limit, its diameter varies from 4mm to 8mm, bent in a double T shape according to its design (V5). The separation of the double T is always equal to the width of the trusses that have both the wall panels (Pl) and the slab panels (P2), in order to penetrate through the inside of the rods (VI) that protrude through the panel sides. Its purpose is to reinforce the junction between the wall panel (Pl) and the slab panels (P2) placed on both sides.

(V6) Reinforcement rod wall / slab / wall joint

Rod (Graphs # 3) preformed of drawn steel of 4500kg x cm2 of creep limit, its diameter varies from 4mm to 8mm, bent in a double T shape according to its design (V6). The separation of the double T is always equal to the width of the trusses that have both the wall panels (Pl) and the slab panels (P2), in order to penetrate through the inside of the rods (VI) that protrude through the panel sides. Its purpose is to reinforce the junction between the slab panel (P2) and the wall panels (Pl) when the construction is several stories high. (V7) Lintels reinforcement rod

Rod (Graphs # 8) of drawn steel of 4500kg x cm2 of creep limit, its diameter varies from 4mm to 8mm and its length goes according to the width of the lintel panel (P5) this rod is placed diagonally between the connecting rods of trusses The rod s ^^ adds to the trusses with Mig, Spot, or autogenous welds. The rod is intended to reinforce the lintel panel since its location, unlike the other panels, is horizontal. (Ul) Joining panels with plates

To make this connection (Graphs # 4), a steel plate between 2 and 3 cm wide and between 1 and 2 mm thick is used, cut into pieces between 20mm and 48mm long according to the size of the panel and the diameter of the rod What is it made of? The stage is provided cut out and in a U-shape it is placed by holding two rods of the truss on the side of the panels and their sides are bent until the rods are wrapped. The separation between platen pieces will be 20cm, placed along the entire panel.

(U2) Joining of panels with wires To make this connection (Graphs # 4) steel wire between 2 and 3 mm in diameter is used, cut into pieces between 60mm and 150mm in length according to the size of the panel and the diameter of the rod What is it made of? The wire is supplied trimmed and U-shaped, it is placed by holding two rods of the truss on the side of the panels and its sides are bent until the rods are wrapped at least four turns around them, then the wire is wound between them With four turns to avoid separation, the placement between pieces of wire will be approximately 20cm located along the entire panel.

(U3) Joining of welded panels To make this connection (Graphs # 4) any of the following types of weld, Mig, Tir and autogenous weld are used. The weld bead will be three times the diameter of the rod that is being welding. The weld spacing of the panel rods will be 20cm and placed along the entire panel. (U4) Union of panels with staples

To make this connection (Graphs # 4), steel clips between 2 and 3 mm in diameter are used according to the size of the panel (Pl, P2, P3; P4) and the diameter of the rod that is manufactured. The staples are supplied in factory-prepared U-shaped tapes and are placed by holding two rods of the truss on the side of the panels and their sides are bent until the rods are wrapped. The staples are mechanically placed with specialized machinery. The separation between staples will be approximately 20cm placed along the entire panel.

(U5) Joining of panels with nervometal To make this connection (Graphs # 4), steel clips of 2mm diameter, wire or solder are used, which are placed supporting the nerve in each transverse rod of the panel. (Al) Thermal / acoustic insulation

The thermal and acoustic insulation can be of several types, depending on the degree of insulation that you want to obtain. The thermal insulation is placed in the interior space of the panel, before placing it on site, with the exception of those materials that, due to their weight and characteristics, must be placed after the panel is installed and covered. Expanded polystyrene: Very light and easy-to-work petroleum-derived material can be given the interior shape of the nerometal box, its placement is done at the factory during the assembly process of the panels. It is a material that, in case of fire is combustion but its low caloric content does not affect the structure of the panel.

Fiberglass: Material derived from glass, light and easy to work. It is placed in the factory inside the panels, the relatively flexible shape of the fiberglass can be adapted to the interior of the nervometal, it is a non-combustible material. Polyurethane foam: Petroleum derived material. Product of the mixture of two components that are joined and applied directly on site when the panel is already located in its final place and the concrete siding has already been placed. To facilitate its application, 2cm diameter pvc pipes are left perpendicular to the front face of the panel placed in the center of the nerve and separated between 25 and 30cm across the entire surface of the panel. After filling the panel, the PVC pipes are removed and the gaps are covered by restoring the nervometal.

Terrocement: The panels can be thermally and acoustically insulated using a mixture of earth (6 parts) without organic components, cement (1 part) and very little water. The mixture is prepared on site and placed inside the panel after it has already been covered with concrete or cement mortar for which 5cm pipe passages are placed perpendicular to the panels, after filling the panel PVC pipes are removed and the holes are covered by restoring the nervometal. Pumice stone: Very light and porous mineral volcanic material that is mixed with cement and water, the mixture is prepared on site and placed inside the panel after it has already been coated with concrete or cement mortar, so which leave 5cm pipe passages placed perpendicular to the panels. After filling the panel, the PVC pipes are removed and the gaps are covered by restoring the nervometal.

(Hl) concrete The concrete used to cover or fill the panels (Pl, P2, P3, P4, P5), which due to their characteristics are going to withstand live and proper loads greater than 180 Kg x cm2, has the following sand characteristics: stone washed with a grain size not larger than lmm; 2 parts stone: quarry with a grain size not larger than 6mm 4 parts cement: portland; 1 part

Waterproofing, plasticizing and fast setting water additive: 1 part

The mixing of the components to form the concrete can be done manually or mechanically (concrete), integrating well all the elements that compose it, the mixing of the mixture on the panels must be done in two layers of l, 2cm each verifying that the nervometal and the rods are completely covered with at least a layer of approximately 1.3 -1.9cm of concrete, in case the panel is filled internally this work must be carried out prior to that of coating, the drying time is 3 days for 50% and 7 days for 90% of the load. The application of the mixture on the panels can be done manually or mechanically with concrete projection equipment.

(H2) cement mortar

The cement mortar is used to cover the panels (Pl, P2, P3, P4, P5) which, due to their characteristics, will withstand live and proper loads of less than 100 kg x cm2. It has the following characteristics sand: washed stone with a granulometry no larger than lmm; 5 parts cement: portland; 1 part

Additive waterproofing, plasticizing and fast setting water: 1 part The mixture must be done manually or in concrete integrating all the elements well, the application of the mixture on the panels should be done in two layers of l, 2cm each verifying that the nervous and the rods are completely covered with at least a layer of approximately 1.3 -1.9cm of mortar, the drying time is 3 days for 50% and 7 days for 90% of the load. The application of the mixture on the panels can be done manually or mechanically, with mortar projection equipment.

(II) Sanitary and electrical installations

The electrical and sanitary installations (graphs # 18) are placed inside any of the panels of the construction system, before making the projection of the concrete or cement mortar, to perform them, the nerve cut is cut vertically or horizontally avoiding cutting the nerves of the same, then the nervometal is pressed inwards forming a cavity in which the pipe is placed, the pipe is passed from one panel to another using the spaces that are formed inside the trusses. The installations are attached with wire or staples to the nerves of the nervometal, or to the steel rods of the panel.

Description of the construction method with Murotec system panels

(DI) Foundation method of foundation panels The foundation panels are attached to the wall panels (graphics # 14) following the following method: On a properly compacted clean ground a layer of 10 to 40 cm is placed (depending on the characteristics of the soil) of stone filling material with stones and ballast not larger than 5cm, it is compacted, and on it a 5cm level concrete layer is melted, the foundation panels are then placed following the perimeter of the walls, it is verified that All rod reinforcements (V2) protrude from the level of cast iron and coincide with the places of placement of the panels, then the foundation slab that can vary according to the foundation panel from 8 to 15 cm in height is melted. When the construction is of a single floor, only the reinforcement rods (V2) aligned with the joining points of the panels are placed and the floor is melted with concrete. The union between foundation panels joins two side trusses (Cl), and overlaps the rods (VI) that are transverse to the panel and protrude at their sides, with the application of concrete the structure is reinforced creating at this point a foundation beam that is repeated in each union and that It is firmly attached to the next column by the reinforced concrete plate.

(D2) Wall panel placement method Wall panels (Pl) (Graphs # 9) are placed aligned between the foundation reinforcement rods (V2) and secured with the joints (Ul ... U4) placed with a gap that, according to the effort that resists that can be 5 to 10cm away. The panels are also fastened together with the same joints indicated above. When the panels are joined, the rods (VI) of the panels overlap causing one panel to penetrate into another until the trusses and the nerves of each are joined but leaving the necessary space for the rods to penetrate the rods (V2) of the foundations. The application of the reinforced concrete integrates the structure, creating at this point a column in which the nervometal serves as a mold, a column that is repeated at each panel junction and which is firmly integrated in turn to the next column by the plate reinforced concrete formed by the nervometal, the rods (VI) and the concrete that structures the center of each panel.

Concrete (Hl) or mortar (H2) should be applied in two layers of approximately 1.0 -1.3cm each, verifying that the spaces inside the trusses are completely filled, that there are no air pockets and that they are covered all metal parts of the panels with at least 2.5cm of mixture.

(D3) Wall panel placement method in corners L

The method for placing the wall panels forming a reinforced corner in L (Graphs # 11), contemplates the conformation of the corner with two wall panels whose transverse rods (VI), which protrude from the panels overlap creating a space inside the which is placed the cylindrical rib (N3) and the corner reinforcement rods (V3) that are welded at the end of the rods (VI) outside the corner that is being formed. The leftover tips of the rods are folded into the corner, the cylindrical nerve (N3) will be fastened with staples, solder or wire to the truss connecting rods (VI), the concrete (Hl) must be applied in two layers of (approximately 1.0 -1.3cm) each, verifying that there are no air pockets and that all the metal parts of the panel are covered with at least 2.5cm of mixture, in case it is necessary to increase the compressive strength of The joint can be filled with concrete at the center of the cylindrical nerve. Also when the corner does not require further reinforcement, the wall panels (Graphics # 12) can overlap and join with any of the joints (U1 ... U4), bending the rods (VI) protruding from the corner into the panel . The application of the reinforced concrete is integrated into the structure, creating at this point a column in which the nervometal serves as a mold, a column that is repeated in each corner of joining panels and which is firmly attached in turn to the next column or corner by the reinforced concrete plate formed by the nervometal, the rods (VI) and the concrete that structures the center of each panel.

(D4) Wall panel placement method in T corners

The method for placing the wall panels forming a reinforced T-corner (Graphs # 13), contemplates the conformation of the corner with three wall panels whose

n transverse rods (VI), which protrude the panels, overlap creating a space inside which the cylindrical nerve (N3) is placed, this will be attached with staples, solder or wire to the truss joining rods (VI). The concrete (Hl) should be applied in two layers of (approximately 1.0 -1.3cm) each, verifying that there are no air pockets and that all metal parts are covered with at least 2.5cm of mixture. If it is necessary to increase the compressive strength of the joint, the cylindrical nerve center can be filled with concrete. The application of concrete reinforces and integrates the structure, creating at this point a column in which the nervometal serves as a mold, a column that is repeated at each panel junction and which is firmly integrated in turn to the next column by the plate of reinforced concrete formed by the nervometal, the rods (VI) and the concrete that structures the center of each panel.

(D5) Wall panel placement method in corners X

The method to place the wall panels forming a reinforced corner in X (Graphs # 13), contemplates the conformation of the corner with four wall panels whose transverse rods (VI) that protrude the panels overlap creating a space inside which place the cylindrical nerve (N3), it will be attached with staples, solder or wire to the truss connecting rods (VI). The concrete (Hl) should be applied in two layers of approximately 1.0 -1.3cm each, verifying that there are no air pockets and that all metal parts are covered with at least 2.5cm of mixture. If it is necessary to increase the compressive strength of the joint, the cylindrical nerve center can be filled with concrete. The application of reinforced concrete is integrated into the structure, creating at this point a column in which the nervometal serves as a mold, a column that is repeated at each panel junction and which is firmly integrated in turn to the next column by the reinforced concrete plate formed by the nervometal, the rods (VI) and the concrete that structures the center of each panel.

D6) Installation method of wall panels for sills

The method to place the sill panels (Graphics # 8) is the same with which the wall panels (Pl) are placed, but the lower height of these panels and the fact that they do not reach the ceiling, creates greater lateral efforts on the panel, so, when placed between walls, its alignment must be taken care of and that the side trusses of the panels are joined by overlapping their transverse rods (VI), fastening the upper edge with an L-rod reinforcement as the joint tends to be Asura between panels if that precaution is not taken because the efforts are concentrated in the corners. The concrete (Hl) should be applied in two layers of (approximately 1.0 -1.3cm) each, verifying that there are no air pockets and that all the metal parts are covered with at least 2.5cm of mixture. The application of concrete reinforces and integrates to the structure, creating at the junction point between the sill panel and the wall panel, a column in which the nervometal serves as a mold, a column that is repeated at each panel junction and that It is firmly integrated in turn to the next column by the reinforced concrete plate formed by the nerve, the rods (VI) and the concrete that structures the center of each panel. (D7) Installation method of lintel panels

The lintel panels (P5) (Graphs # 8) are the same wall panels (Pl), but of smaller height, they have truss welded rods (VI) diagonally welded because they have no lower support and must transmit the efforts of the loads that laterally supports the wall panels against which it is supported. When placed between the wall panels, the rods (VI) that protrude from both the wall panels and the sill panels must be overlapped and firmly secured by bending the tips of the rods towards the inside of the panel, because the efforts are concentrated on the corners where windows, doors, or udder spaces are placed. The concrete (Hl) should be applied in two layers of (approximately 1.0 -1.3cm) each, verifying that there are no air pockets and that all metal parts are covered with at least 2.5cm of mixture. The application of concrete reinforces and integrates into the structure, creating at the junction point between the lintel panel and the wall panel a column in which the nervometal serves as a mold, a column that is repeated in each panel junction and is located firmly integrated in turn to the next column by the reinforced concrete plate formed by the nerve, the rods (VI) and the concrete that structures the center of each panel.

(D8) Placement method of wall panel with slab panel or roof

The slab panels are assembled to the wall panels (Graphics # 15) at the construction site, overlapping and supporting the slab panel on the wall panel and reinforcing the joint with the reinforcing rods (V4, N5) as the case may be, the uñón of the panels is done with the joints (Ul, U2, U3, U4), placed between 5 and 10 cm apart from each other and both sides of the trusses and rods (NI) of both panels to which is holding. The nervous channel is then placed in the spaces that remain between the trusses, the concrete lining (Hl) must be applied after having placed it first on the walls, verifying that all the rod and nerve sections of the wall panels have been covered and have 50% resistance or three days of setting. On the slab panel, the Concrete (Hl) should be placed in two layers of 2cm thickness each, also filling the nerve gutter with concrete in such a way that it conforms a beam along the entire joint. The final finish should be smoothed and unveiled, in the lower part of the panel cement mortar (H2) will be projected in two layers (approximately 1.0 -1.3cm) thick each. The application of concrete reinforces and integrates into the structure of the slab creating a beam between the slab panel joint, beam that is repeated in each joint and which is firmly integrated in turn to the next beam by the reinforced concrete plate formed by the nervometal, the rods (VI) and the concrete that structures the center of each panel.

D9) Placement method of wall panels with slab panels and upstairs wall panels

The slab panels are assembled to the wall panels (Graphics # 16) at the construction site, overlapping and supporting the slab panel on the wall panel and reinforcing the joint with the reinforcing rods (V6 or V7) as the case may be, panel junction it is done with the joints (Ul, U2, U3, U4), placed between 5 and 10 cm apart from each other and both sides of the trusses and rods (VI) of both panels to which it is being attached, placed then the nerve channel in the spaces between the trusses, the concrete lining (Hl) must be applied after having placed it first on the walls, verifying that all the rod and rib sections of the wall panels have been covered and have 50% resistance or three days of setting, on the slab panel the Concrete (Hl) must be placed in two layers of 2cm thick each, also filling the nerve gutter with concrete such that it conforms a beam along of the entire joint, with the reinforcing rods protruding (V6 or V7). The wall panels (Pl) are placed aligned between the reinforcing rods of and are secured with the joints (Ul ... U4) placed with a separation that, according to the effort that resists, can be 5 to 10 cm apart. The panels are also fastened together with the same joints indicated above. When the panels are joined, the rods (VI) of the panels overlap causing one panel to penetrate into another until the trusses and the nerves of each are joined but leaving the necessary space for the rods to penetrate the rods (V2) of the foundations. The application of concrete reinforces and integrates the structure, creating at this point a column in which the nervometal serves as a mold, a column that is repeated at each panel junction and which is firmly integrated in turn to the next column by the plate of reinforced concrete formed by the nervometal, the rods (VI) and the concrete that structures the center of each panel. Concrete (Hl) or mortar (H2) should be applied in two layers of approximately 1.0 -1.3cm each, verifying that the spaces inside the trusses are completely filled, that there are no air pockets and that they are covered all metal parts of the panels with at least 2.5cm of mixture. The final finish should be smoothed and leveled, at the bottom of the panel cement mortar (H2) will be projected on two layers approximately 1.0-1.3cm thick each. The application of concrete reinforces and integrates the structure of the slab by creating a beam between the slab panels, beam that is repeated in each and that is firmly integrated in turn to the next beam by the reinforced concrete plate formed by the nervometal, the rods (VI) and the concrete that structures the center of each panel.

(DIO) Method of placing electrical and sanitary installations For the installation of electrical and sanitary installations in the panels (Graphs # 10) all known systems can be used to assemble electrical and sanitary installations, such as rigid pipes, hoses, or cables covered with reinforcements, the panels allow to easily work the electrical or sanitary installations before or after being placed on site without the need to be covered with concrete (Hl) or cement mortar (H2), the work to pass the pipes is It is carried out by cutting or creating with light strokes that deform inward a channel in the expanded part of the nervometal (NI, N2, N3) respecting the nerves of the same, the accessory boards or faucets are placed by cutting the nervous and wiring them to the Transverse rods (Vl) closest to the panels. If in any special case it is required to cut a transverse rod it must be reinforced after the work is finished. The cut nerve is repaired and the installed concrete or cement mortar panels are covered. The placement method allows sanitary and / or electrical installations to be properly tested before proceed to cover or fill concrete or cement mortar panels facilitating any previous repair.

(Dll) Method of preventing corrosion of the steel structure Every steel structure has as its main problem the corrosion due to the contact with the humid air as well as a low PH in the sand or water used to make the concrete (Hl) and that accelerates the oxidation process. The imbalance of the PH generates an electric current that in its discharge process and produces corrosion. When it is produced, iron oxide tends to grow 8 to 10 times in size, producing cracks in the concrete that weaken the structure and decrease its resistance to earthquakes, hurricanes, tornadoes, etc. The method to prevent corrosion from occurring contemplates that the panels used to build houses are galvanized in their entirety and also as the structure installed in the homes forms a steel cage totally interconnected with each other, the structure connected to the structure will be protected. an electric cable placing a wear cathode at the end and burying it at a depth of at least 150cm through which the electric current will be diverted, ridding the structure of corrosion.

Claims

1) A prefabricated panel (Graphic #5-6-8) characterized by being formed by a spatial metal structure, particularly steel, made up of two or more parallel trusses of different types (Graphic #1) welded to perpendicular or diagonal transverse rods , placed scattered in the front and back, or top and bottom, of the structure (Graphs #5-6-8, VI), carrying inside one or several expanded metal plates (nervometal) (Graphs #5-6 -8, NI, N2) folded in the shape of a parallelepiped, coinciding with the interior dimensions of the steel structure, empty nervometal or filled with acoustic and/or thermal material inside and fastened with staples or welded to the transverse rods and trusses, in which the faces of the parallelepiped that face the trusses of the panel, have various shapes according to their use (Graphics #2, N2.1, N2.2), panel that added to the concrete that is projected on its surface in the place of its final placement, covers all its metallic parts and gives it unique characteristics of resistance to stress due to live or dead loads, such as own and external weight, earthquakes, hurricanes, lateral traction and compression blows, etc., to those who are subjected. 2) A prefabricated panel as described in claim 1, characterized by integrally combining the elements that make up the nervometal parallelepiped located inside the panel, with its holes formed by the expansion of the metal and its nerves, plus the rods. transversal sections of rough drawn metal, especially steel and more the trusses formed by rods of rough drawn metal, especially steel that have spaces inside them formed by their characteristic design (Graphics #1), welded and fastened together and create a structural surface in which, when the concrete is projected, penetrates and fills, covering the entire panel, setting monolithically, presenting a reinforced panel in all its parts, obtaining greater resistance than if they were individual elements. This unique feature also allows for greater efficiency in the use of materials. 3) A prefabricated panel as described in claim 1, characterized in that the characteristic shape of the nervometal parallelepiped, with the rhomboidal or rounded design of the sides facing the trusses of the wall panel, has the purpose of creating the union with the side rods and the trusses, a mold so that when the concrete is projected, a (C)-shaped column is formed at the lateral end of the panel and in the interior trusses an (I)-shaped column is formed, reinforcing the panel to resist efforts in all the senses in which they are applied. 4) A prefabricated panel as described in claim 1, characterized in that the design of the nervometal parallelepiped that is inserted in the panel leaves an interior space with the purpose of allowing the placement of different elements such as sanitary and electrical installations, or acoustic and thermal insulation materials before or after the panel is placed in the construction. This feature allows prefabricating panels including electrical and/or sanitary installations and connecting them after the panel has been placed in the construction. 5) A prefabricated panel as described in claim 1, characterized by having flexibility in the design of the trusses that allows the variation of thickness (4 to 8 mm) of the side rods with which it is constructed, allowing the variation in the width that separates the rods from 6cm to 25cm, to create greater interior space and in turn cover greater spans and heights, which allows a wide range of use possibilities since they are calibrated according to the height or span of the rods. panel supports, the load they support, the acoustic and thermal insulation and the facilities they contain inside. 6) A prefabricated panel as described in claim 1, characterized in that the folded metal ribs and the holes that the nerve metal parallelepiped has, due to their design, intersect and weld or join with the transverse rods on both sides. of the panel, forming a structural framework with many support elements that resists the manipulation of the panel, and the blows that it receives on its surface due to the projection of the concrete, without breaking or deforming, preventing cracks from occurring in the concrete, both in its construction process. setting as in the application of own or foreign loads. 7) A prefabricated panel as described in claim 1, characterized in that the modular and variable dimensions of the panel, its ability to resist stress in all directions to which it is subjected, allow the panel to be used not only in position. vertically but with inclinations of any angle. 8) A prefabricated panel as described in claim 1, characterized in that for simple or interior walls and/or inaccessible or roof slabs, any type of coating known as cement mortars, white cement can be applied to its surface. , plaster, lime, terrocement, acrylic resins, etc. 9) A prefabricated panel as described in claim 1, characterized in that it can be used as a simple structure, without concrete or cement mortar, to be covered with wood, chipboard, papier-mache, gypsum boards, Drywall, Formica , fiber cement, etc. Placed in interior and/or inaccessible spaces. 10) A prefabricated panel (Graphics #14) particularly used as the foundation of the structure, characterized by being formed by a spatial steel structure made up of two or more parallel trusses of different types (Graphics #1) welded to transverse rods placed sparsely in the upper and lower part of the structure (Graphics #14, VI), a panel that, added to the concrete that is cast in the place of its final placement, covers all its metal parts and gives it unique characteristics of resistance to stresses due to loads. dead or alive, such as own and foreign weight, earthquakes, hurricanes, lateral traction and compression blows, etc. to which they are subjected. 11) A prefabricated panel as described in claim 10, characterized in that the upper and lower transverse rods that are found in the upper and lower part of the panel, which in turn are welded to the side trusses, and to the reinforcements L-shaped (Graphics #14, V2) on the sides and completely cast into the concrete, they discharge the forces on the floor of the building. But since it is a welded monolithic structure, all the elements of the panel work together giving it greater resistance, as if they were individual elements. This unique feature also allows for greater efficiency in the use of materials. 12) A prefabricated panel as described in claim 10, characterized in that the interior of the foundation panel placed continuously along all the walls or columns when filled with concrete and set, distributes the load like a diaphragm. that it receives from the construction in a uniform manner on the ground, preventing breaks in the walls or foundation. 13) A prefabricated panel as described in claim 10, characterized in that the design flexibility of the trusses allows the variation in thickness (4 to 8 mm) of the rods with which it is built. It also allows height variation from 6cm to 20cm to create more interior space and cover a wide range of usage possibilities since they are calibrated according to the length of the panel, the load they support, and the installations they carry. inside. 14) A prefabricated panel (Graphics # 7), particularly used as a wildcard of the structure, characterized by being made up of a spatial metal structure, preferably steel, formed by side trusses (Cl) and front and rear transverse rods (NI) glued independently to the sides of the trusses and that overlap each other. They carry inside one or several sheets of metal expanded and rolled as flexible cylinders with ribs (reinforcements of folded N-shaped metal that are incorporated into the nerve metal cylinders) in such a way that increasing the number of cylinders inside of the panel it widens and as the number of cylinders decreases it narrows, making it possible to form panels with a variable width in a range of 60mm to 300mm. Placed in the chosen width, the overlapping side rods are welded together, and the concrete is applied to the surface, giving it unique characteristics of resistance to stress due to live or dead loads, such as own or external weight, earthquakes, hurricanes, lateral traction blows. and compression etc., like the panels of claim (1). 15) A prefabricated panel as described in claim 14, characterized in that the integrated combination of the elements that make up the nerve metal cylinder located inside the wildcard panel, with its holes formed by the expansion of the metal and its ribs , plus the transverse rods of rough drawn steel and plus the trusses formed by rough drawn steel rods that have spaces formed by their characteristic design inside, welded and fastened together and create a structural surface into which when the concrete is projected it penetrates and is filled, covering the entire panel, setting monolithically, presenting a reinforced panel in all its parts, obtaining greater resistance, as if they were individual elements. This unique feature also allows for greater efficiency in the use of materials. 16) A prefabricated panel as described in claim 14, characterized in that the design of the characteristic cylindrical shape of the nerve metal has the purpose of creating, at the junction of the side rods and the trusses, greater reinforcement to compression by the greater volume of concrete that is applied, consequently a greater reinforcement than the total integrity of the panel. 17) A prefabricated panel as described in claim 14, characterized in that the interior of the nervometal cylinder that is inserted in the wildcard panel is empty for the purpose of allowing the placement of different elements such as sanitary and electrical installations or acoustic and thermal insulation materials before or after the panel is placed in the construction. 18) A prefabricated panel as described in claim 14, characterized in that the flexibility of the trusses, which allows the variation in thickness (4 to 8 mm) of the rods with which it is constructed, also allows the variation in depth. from 6cm to 15cm to create a greater interior space and to cover a wide range of use possibilities since they are calibrated according to the height of the panel, the load they support, the acoustic and thermal insulation and the installations they contain. inside. 19) A prefabricated panel as described in claim 14, characterized in that the folded metal ribs and the holes that the nerve metal cylinder has in a vertical direction, by their design, intersect and weld or join with the transverse rods of the front and back of the panel forming a structural framework that resists the manipulation of the panel, and the blows that the concrete receives on its surface due to the projection of the concrete, without breaking or deforming, preventing cracks from occurring in the placed concrete, both in its setting process as in the application of loads. 20) A prefabricated panel as described in claim 14, characterized in that the modular and variable dimensions of the panel, its ability to resist stress in all directions to which it is subjected, allow the panel to be used not only in position. vertically but with inclinations of any angle. 21) A prefabricated panel as described in claim 14, characterized in that for simple or interior walls any type of coating known as cement mortar, white cement, plaster, lime, terrocement, aerated resins can be applied to its surface. etc 22) A prefabricated panel as described in claim 14, characterized in that it can be used as a simple structure, without concrete or cement mortar, to be covered with wood, chipboard, cardboard, gypsum boards, drywall, formica , fiber cement, etc. 23) A construction method, characterized by including a set of prefabricated panels (Pl, P2, P3, P4, P5) described and claimed in this document that are provided as construction material separately or in kits to be assembled on site, to through certain joining methods, that when concrete or cement mortar is applied, it penetrates the entire structure of the panels and becomes a monolithic and integral construction system designed to cover all vertical tensile and compressive forces. , horizontal and/or diagonal that are produced by stable and mobile own loads and external agents such as earthquakes, hurricanes, tornadoes, in which all the pieces of the system are interconnected with each other with the ability to add efforts to jointly resist it. or events. 24) A construction method, as described in claim 23, characterized in that the method of placing the nerve metal (Graphics #2 NI) folded into a three-dimensional rhomboidal, cylindrical or any of the shapes established in the detail (Graphics # 2), which is located inside the steel structure and is attached to it with staples or welds, which creates a side and side surface of any of the panels (Pl, P2, P4, P5) that added to the another panel with which it is joined forms a mold in the shape of I, C, L, V, etc. to receive the concrete, allowing the concrete layer to be greater on the sides where the nervometal, the side rods and the trusses meet, increasing the resistance of the panel to stress at that point. 25) A construction method, as described in claim 23, characterized in that the panels (Pl, P4, P5) located in the position for which they were designed, and joined and covered with concrete create an integral element of support for the slab panels (P2) (used as a mezzanine or roof), distributing their load to the entire surface of the wall evenly since, due to its design, the entire wall works as a diaphragm (structural wall of concrete and iron), transmitting the distributed effort to the foundation panel and achieving an integral and monolithic structure. 26) A construction method, as described in claim 23, characterized in that the slab panels (P2) located in the position for which they were designed, and joined and covered with concrete create an integral element that discharges its efforts in the panels (Pl, P4, P5), distributing its load to the entire surface of the wall, since by its design all the slab panels work integrally as a horizontal diaphragm, achieving an integral and monolithic structure. 27) A construction method, as described in claim 23, characterized by having methods of joining the different types of panels (Pl, P2, P4, P5) that are constructed entirely of drawn (rough) steel rods. made up of trusses and straight rods welded transversely and nervometal (die-cut and expanded galvanized steel sheet) (Graphics #2), folded in different shapes, located inside the panels, create an extensive surface of structural support to increase adhesion to the concrete since this, when applied or projected on the surface of the panels, surrounds the rods (NI) and trusses (Cl), penetrates into the holes of the nervometal, reinforcing itself to withstand tensile, compression and buckling forces in all its parts, eliminating weak points in the structure, especially in the slimmer sense of the panels in where the position of the trusses gives greater rigidity. 28) A construction method, as described in claim 23, characterized in that the joining method between any of the panels (Pl, P2, P4, P5), which join two trusses (Cl) and overlap the rods (NI), join the nervometal boxes creating an inherently rigid joint that is complemented by the concrete that surrounds all its parts formed by the characteristics of the nervometal design, which serves as a formwork, a column, chain, or support beam between the panels (as the case may be), which is tied to the next one by rods (NI) of the next panel creating a three-dimensional structure that is repeated in each joint so that the entire structure with its vertical or horizontal elements works monolithically. 29) A construction method, as described in claims 23, 27 and 28, characterized in that the method of joining wall panels (Pl) allows forming a continuous wall (Graphics #9), since the wall panels have as characteristic that on its lateral sides the rods (NI) protrude from the panel. When several panels are joined together the protruding rods (NI) overlap, the panel rods are tied or welded with the joints (Graphics #4), creating a rigid joint in which the panel trusses, the overlapping rods and the nervometal with its different shapes, act as formwork for the concrete that, when projected on its surface, penetrates, mixes and is embedded in the panel, forming columns that turn the joints into the most solid element of the wall, which is why the joints Several panels create a wall that does not require any additional reinforcement due to the complete integration of its elements, capable of withstanding tensile and compression forces, own and external loads, earthquakes, earthquakes, hurricane winds, etc. just like a concrete diaphragm (structural wall traditionally built of concrete and steel rods). 30) A construction method, as described in claims 23, 27 and 28, characterized in that the method of joining wall panels (Pl) allows forming a corner of two walls (Graphics #11) since the rods (NI ) protrude from the panels and intersect, being tied with the reinforcing rods (N3), incorporating the cylindrical nerve metal (Ν3) inside, creating a rigid union in which the trusses of the two panels, the overlapping rods and the cylindrical nerve metal with their different shapes, act as formwork for the concrete that, when projected on its surface, penetrates, mixes and is embedded in the panel, forming a corner column that converts the joint into a solid element, capable of withstanding tensile, compression, own and other people's loads, earthquakes, earthquakes, hurricane winds, etc. When the corner is going to support efforts or greater construction loads (several floors), the nervometal cylinder is internally filled with concrete, this joint is rigid, secure and has the ability to resist all the additional tensile and compressive stresses to which it is subjected. is going to be subdued. 1) A construction method, as described in claims 23, 27, 28 and 30, characterized in that the method of joining wall panels (Pl) allows forming a corner of three walls (Graphics #13) in which the rods (NI) protrude from the panels and intersect, tying themselves with the reinforcing rods (N3), incorporating the cylindrical nerve metal (Ν3) inside, creating a rigid union in which the trusses of the three panels, the overlapping rods and the nerve metal cylindrical with its different shapes, act as a formwork for the concrete that, when projected on its surface, penetrates, mixes and is embedded in the panel, forming a corner column that converts the joint into a solid element, capable of withstanding tensile forces, compression, own and external loads, earthquakes, earthquakes, hurricane winds, etc. When the corner is going to support efforts or greater construction loads (several floors), the nervometal cylinder is internally filled with concrete, this joint is rigid, secure and has the ability to resist all the additional tensile and compressive stresses to which it is subjected. is going to be subdued. 32) A construction method, as described in claims 23, 27, 28 and 30, characterized in that the method of joining wall panels (Pl) allows forming a corner of four walls (Graphics #13) in which the rods (NI) protrude from the panels and intersect, tying themselves with the reinforcing rods (N3), incorporating the cylindrical nerve metal (Ν3) inside, creating a rigid union in which the trusses of the four panels, the overlapping rods and the nerve metal cylindrical with its different shapes, act as a formwork for the concrete that, when projected on its surface, penetrates, mixes and is embedded in the panel, forming a corner column that converts the joint into a solid element, capable of withstanding tensile forces, compression, own and external loads, earthquakes, earthquakes, hurricane winds, etc. When the corner is going to support efforts or greater construction loads (several floors), the nervometal cylinder is internally filled with concrete, this joint is rigid, secure and has the ability to resist all the additional tensile and compressive stresses to which it is subjected. is going to be subdued. 33) A construction method, as described in claims 23, 27 and 28, characterized in that the method of joining slab panels (P2) allows forming a continuous slab (Graphics #6), since the slab panels have as characteristic that on its lateral sides, the rods (NI) protrude from the panels, when several panels are joined together the protruding rods (NI) overlap, the rods of the panels are tied or welded with the joints (Graphics #4), creating a rigid joint in which the trusses of the panels, the overlapping rods and the nervometal with their different shapes, act as formwork for the concrete that, when projected on its surface, penetrates, mixes and is embedded in the panel joints, forming a longitudinal beams that convert these joints into the most solid elements of the slab, which is why the union of several slab panels creates a concrete structure capable of withstanding tensile and compression forces, own and external loads, earthquakes, wind earthquakes hurricanes etc. 34) A construction method, as described in claims 23, 27, and 28, characterized in that it allows the union of slab panels (P2) with wall panels. (Pl) (Graphics #15), union that is formed with the extension of the trusses of the wall panels and slab panels that cross each other and are reinforced with rods (N3 and N4) attached to both panels and with the channel nervometal between the trusses that act as formwork for the concrete that, when projected on its interior surface, penetrates, mixes and is embedded in the corner that joins the panels, forming transverse beams that convert these joints into the most solid elements of the wall, slab, which is why the union of several slab and wall panels creates a concrete structure capable of withstanding tensile and compression forces, own and external loads, earthquakes, earthquakes, hurricane winds, etc. 35) A construction method, as described in claims 23, 27 and 28, characterized in that it allows the union of slab panels (P2) on both sides with wall panels (Pl) (Graphics #16), a union that is It is formed with the extension of the trusses of the wall panels and slab panels that cross each other and are reinforced with rods (N5) attached to all the panels and with the nervometal channel between the trusses that act as formwork for the concrete that when projected. on its interior surface, it penetrates, mixes and embeds itself in the corner that joins the panels, forming transverse beams that convert these joints into the most solid elements of the wall, slab assembly, which is why the union of several slab and wall panels creates a concrete structure capable of withstanding tensile and compression forces, own and external loads, earthquakes, earthquakes, hurricane winds, etc. 36) A construction method, as described in claims 23, 27 and 28, characterized in that it allows the union of slab panels (P2) with wall panels. (Pl) (Graphics #17) located at the lower and upper level of the slab panel, a union that is formed with the extension of the trusses of the wall panels and slab panels that cross each other and are reinforced with rods (V6) attached to all the panels and with the nervometal channel between the trusses that act as formwork, the upper wall panels are placed after having applied the concrete to the lower wall panels, concrete that when projected on its surface and interior, penetrates, mix and embed in the corner that joins the panels, forming transverse beams that turn these joints into the most solid elements of the slab wall assembly, which is why the union of several slab and wall panels creates a concrete structure capable of withstanding the forces of traction, compression, own and external loads, earthquakes, earthquakes, hurricane winds, etc. 37) A construction method, as described in claims 23, 27 and 28, characterized in that it allows the union of wall panels (Pl) with foundation panels (Pl) (Graphics #14), a union that is formed with the extension of the trusses of the wall panels and foundation panels that cross each other and are reinforced with rods (V2 and V3) attached to both panels. Union that, when the concrete is projected on its interior surface, penetrates, mixes and is embedded in the corner that joins the panels, forming transverse beams that convert these joints into the most solid elements of the wall panel, foundation panel assembly, which is why The union of several wall and foundation panels creates a concrete structure capable of supporting tensile, compression, and load forces. own and third party's, earthquakes, earthquakes, hurricane winds, etc. This union guarantees the transfer of loads from the entire construction to the floor in a solid and safe way. 38) A construction method, as described in claims 23, 27 and 28, characterized in that it allows the union of wall panels (Pl) and reinforcement rods for the foundation (Graphics #14), for walls that do not support the load, a union that is formed with the extension of the trusses of the wall panels and the rods (V2) attached to the sides of the wall panels. Union that, when the concrete is projected on its interior surface, penetrates, mixes and is embedded in the corner that joins the panels and the rods (V4), supporting and transmitting the loads of the walls to the ground, which is why the union of Several wall panels and reinforcing rods (V2) create a concrete structure capable of withstanding tensile and compression forces, self-loads, earthquakes, earthquakes, hurricane winds, etc. This union guarantees the transfer of loads from the entire wall to the floor in a solid and safe way. 39) A construction method, as described in claims 23, 27 and 28, characterized in that it allows the union of wall panels (Pl) with lintel panels (Graphics #8), since the wall panels and lintel panels have the characteristic that on their lateral sides the rods (NI) protrude from the panel, when several wall and lintel panels come together the protruding rods (NI) overlap, the The rods of the panels are tied or welded to the joints (Graphics #4), creating rigid joints in which the trusses of the panels, the overlapping rods and the nervometal with their different shapes, act as formwork for the concrete that, when projected, on its surface, it penetrates, mixes and embeds itself in the panel, forming columns that turn the joints into the most solid element of the set, which is why the joints of wall panels with lintel panels do not require any additional reinforcement due to complete integration. of its elements, capable of withstanding tensile and compression forces, own and external loads, earthquakes, earthquakes, hurricane winds, etc. just like a concrete diaphragm (structural wall traditionally built of concrete and steel rods). 40) A construction method, as described in claims 14, 23, 27, 28 and characterized in that it allows the union of wall panels (Pl) with wildcard panels (Graphics #7), since the wall panels and the wildcard panels have the characteristic that on their lateral sides the rods (NI) protrude from the panel. When several wall and wildcard panels are joined together, the protruding rods (NI) overlap, the rods of the panels are tied or welded with the joints (Graphics #4), creating rigid joints in which the trusses of the panels, the overlapping rods and the nervometal with their different shapes, act as formwork for the concrete that, when projected on its surface, penetrates, mixes and is embedded in the panel , forming columns that turn the joints into the most solid element of the set, which is why the joints of wall panels with wildcard panels do not require any additional reinforcement due to the complete integration of their elements, capable of withstanding tensile and compression forces. , from own and other people's loads, earthquakes, earthquakes, hurricane winds, etc. Like a concrete diaphragm (structural wall traditionally constructed of concrete and steel rods) 41) A construction method, as described in claims 23 and 27, characterized in that the joining of wall panels allows, due to the characteristic shape of the panel design, the use of all known systems to assemble the electrical and sanitary installations, such as rigid pipes, hoses, or cables covered with reinforcements, since any of the panels has enough space inside the nervometal as well as through the trusses, to pass said installations without affecting their structure after being placed. on site and without the need to be covered with concrete (Hl) or cement mortar (H2). 42) A construction method, as described in claims 23 and 27, characterized in that it allows in any of the panels to cut or create a channel in the expanded part of the nerve metal (NI, N2, N3) respecting the nerves thereof. , for the installation of electrical boxes, electrical or sanitary control panels, taps, etc. This method allows the sanitary and/or electrical installations that have already been carried out to be duly tested before proceeding to cover or fill the panels with concrete or cement mortar, facilitating any prior repair, as seen in Chart #18. 43) A construction method, as described in claims 23 and 27, characterized in that the characteristics of integration and total connection of the metal structure, especially steel, of the panels in the construction, allow corrosion to be avoided by connecting to ground. the entire structure with a cable at the end of which is a zinc cathode that discharges the electric current, as seen in Graph #19. 44) A construction method, as described in claims 23 and 27, characterized in that the integration and total connection of the steel structure of the panels in the construction and its connection to ground, covered with concrete on its entire surface, It forms a "Faraday" cage that protects the construction from atmospheric electrical discharges. 45) A method for the construction of a portable prefabricated panel, characterized by combining the following elements with the objective of achieving a panel capable of resisting the forces of earthquakes and/or hurricanes when assembled in one place and the ability to be transported by one or two people to build a prefabricated structure one or several stories high. a.) Preferably rectangular shape. b.) Panel width that varies from 6cm to 200cm. c.) Length varying from 30cm to approximately 600cm long. d.) Thickness of the panel from approximately 4cm to 20cm depending on the various forces it must resist in the different uses it has. e.) The external corners of the panel are made of circular metal rods, with a diameter that provides sufficient resistance to the forces it receives. The minimum initial diameter will be 4mm. The larger diameter rods will be used to adjust to the larger size of the panel and the forces it may receive. F). Between the transverse rods that join each longitudinal side of the panel (Graphics #5, Graphs #6), in the thickness dimension, are located one or several trusses (Cl, Graphs #1) built with rods with a diameter equal to or greater than that of the transverse rod. These trusses are welded to the transverse rods in order to obtain firmness throughout the panel frame. g.) When the panel is very wide (200cm or more) to satisfy specific needs, additional rods are placed parallel to the transverse rods. Trusses (Cl, Graphics #1) are welded to these additional longitudinal rods to provide strength in the thickness of the panel and resist the forces anticipated against it. These additional trusses are placed with a space of minimum 30cm and maximum 60cm between them, and are located inside the panel or between the external corners of the panel. h.) These longitudinally placed trusses are joined together with transverse rods to form the panel in the width direction. First, one side is welded with several of these rods in proportion to the firmness required to adjust to the forces it may receive and then the transverse rods are welded on the other side to complete the panel. i.) Some of these cross rods mentioned in h.) are longer than the width of the panel and have shaped ends to allow each panel to have a means to be assembled with the next panel in an integrated manner at the final installation site of panels. j.) When the panel is manufactured with 3 sides welded in its longitudinal direction, a sheet of expanded steel (nervometal), possibly galvanized, is inserted into the interior space, within the cavity between two adjacent trusses. This expanded metal is preferably made so that it has its openings in a three-dimensional plane, rather than simply being a flat expanded metal. This three-dimensional formation of the expanded metal allows the future concrete cover to penetrate and establish a proper interrelationship to form a magnificent metal-to-concrete bond. k.) The expanded sheet metal (Graphics #2) is preformed prior to insertion into the panel cavity. This preformed form is designed to allow concrete to be filled in and around each truss member. When the panel is designed to serve as a precast wall of the overall design, as shown on the drawings (Graphics #9), this additional concrete formed around the truss helps increase the load of the panel. Furthermore, the concrete that covering the outer surface of the panel contributes to forming an enclosed and integrated load-bearing wall with continuous joints in the thickness direction in each place where a truss is located. 1.) When the panel is designed to serve as a floor or roof beam, as shown in the drawings (Charts #6), the expanded metal described in letter k.) is formed with a design (Charts #2 , N2), as shown in our drawings, to contribute to the strength of the panel as a floor or roof beam by adding concrete around each truss member. In addition, the concrete covering the outer surface of the panel contributes to forming an integrated enclosed beam in which the concrete coating forms a compression layer on the upper surface to resist the loads and forces acting on the panel. m.) Each of the preformed expanded metal inserts made between the panel trusses provide an interior space for the insertion of utility pipes for water installations, sewer, electrical wiring and other needs. The interior space also provides room for various types of insulating construction materials. n.) Each of the preformed expanded metal inserts made between the panel trusses are metallically bonded to the trusses and the longitudinal rods and the transverse rods of the panel. This metallic bond allows electrical current to flow through the entire prefabricated panel structure towards an anode, to keep the prefabricated wall corrosion-proof. o.) Each of these panels must be capable of being joined and assembled on site with corner reinforcement pieces of different shapes (Graphics #3), as shown in the drawings, to further improve the integration of the panel pieces. panel and resist the expected forces.