WO2003068678A2 - Compose mesoporeux comprenant une phase minérale d'alumine et des particules d'oxyde de cérium, de titane ou de zirconium, et éventuellement un élément en solution solide dans ces particules, procédés de préparation et ses utilisations - Google Patents
Compose mesoporeux comprenant une phase minérale d'alumine et des particules d'oxyde de cérium, de titane ou de zirconium, et éventuellement un élément en solution solide dans ces particules, procédés de préparation et ses utilisations Download PDFInfo
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- WO2003068678A2 WO2003068678A2 PCT/FR2003/000435 FR0300435W WO03068678A2 WO 2003068678 A2 WO2003068678 A2 WO 2003068678A2 FR 0300435 W FR0300435 W FR 0300435W WO 03068678 A2 WO03068678 A2 WO 03068678A2
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- B01J29/0308—Mesoporous materials not having base exchange properties, e.g. Si-MCM-41
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- C01F17/00—Compounds of rare earth metals
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- B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
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Definitions
- the subject of the present invention is a homogeneous mesostructured compound comprising an inorganic alumina phase, and particles of cerium oxide, titanium or zirconium.
- the invention also relates to said ordered mesostructured or mesoporous compound which comprises at least one element M in solid solution in said particles.
- the invention also relates to the processes for preparing said ordered mesostructured or mesoporous compounds.
- mesoporous compounds are solids having, within their structure, pores having a size intermediate between that of the micropores of zeolite materials and that of macroscopic pores.
- pores originally designates a compound which specifically comprises pores with an average diameter of between 2 and
- pores 50 nm, designated by the term "mesopores".
- these compounds are amorphous or paracristalline silica type compounds in which the pores are generally distributed randomly, with a very large distribution of the pore size.
- the so-called “structured” compounds are, for their part, compounds having an organized structure, and characterized more precisely by the fact that they exhibit at least one scattering peak in a radiation scattering diagram of the type scattering by X-rays or neutrons.
- Such diffusion diagrams as well as their method of obtaining are notably described in Small Angle X-Rays Scattering (Glatter and Kratky - Académie Press London - 1982).
- the diffusion peak observed in this type of diagram can be associated with a repetition distance characteristic of the compound considered, which will be designated in the remainder of this description by the term "spatial repetition period" of the structured system.
- the term “mesostructured compound” means a structured compound having a spatial repetition period of between 2 and 50 nm.
- the organized structure present in such a material will be designated here by the term “mesostructured”.
- the ordered mesoporous compounds constitute a special case of mesostructured compounds. These are in fact mesoporous compounds which exhibit an organized spatial arrangement of the mesopores present in their structure, and which therefore effectively have a repeating spatial period associated with the appearance of a peak in a diffusion diagram.
- the ordered mesostructured or mesoporous compounds comprising a mineral phase are well known and are of great interest, in particular in the field of catalysis, absorption chemistry or membrane separation.
- ordered mesostructured or mesoporous compounds comprising an inorganic alumina phase, within which at least partially crystalline particles of a compound of cerium, titanium or zirconium are dispersed is of great interest in the field of catalysis. Also in order to best adapt them to these different applications, we have sought to modify them so as to improve their effectiveness in these different fields.
- ordered mesostructured or mesoporous compounds comprising an mineral alumina phase, within which mineral particles are dispersed are not perfectly chemically homogeneous, and therefore do not perfectly meet the requirements of manufacturers.
- the object of the invention is also to provide ordered mesostructured or mesoporous compounds comprising an mineral alumina phase, within which mineral particles are dispersed, said mesostructured compound having good chemical homogeneity and which optionally comprises at least one element M in solid solution in said particles.
- the present invention proposes, according to a first variant, an ordered mesostructured or mesoporous compound comprising an mineral alumina phase, within which are dispersed at least partially crystalline particles of a compound of cerium, titanium or zirconium, characterized in that it exhibits chemical homogeneity such that the domains of heterogeneity are at most 100 nm 2 .
- the invention also provides a process for the preparation of said compound.
- the advantage of the compounds according to the present invention is that, in addition to their great homogeneity, these compounds are thermally stable up to temperatures of around 600 ° C and even up to temperatures above 700 ° C. This stability is measured by comparison with the surface of a compound calcined beforehand at 500 ° C. By this is meant that when the compound is subjected to a heat treatment of 6 hours at the aforementioned temperatures, in addition to the preservation of the mesostructured character, a relatively good maintenance of the surface is observed.
- the BET specific surface of said compound does not generally vary by a factor exceeding 60%, this factor preferably remaining less than or equal to 50%, and advantageously less or equal to 40%.
- the factor of variation of the BET surface to which reference is made is calculated by the ratio (Si-Sf) / (Si), where "Si” denotes the BET specific surface measured after heat treatment at 500 ° C .; and where "Sf denotes the BET specific surface area measured after heat treatment at 600 ° C. or 700 ° C.
- metal oxide particles of very small dimensions in particular of cerium oxide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, of dimensions less than 10 nm
- a second object of the present invention is to obtain such so-called “doped” materials which meet these needs.
- the present invention proposes, according to a second variant, an ordered mesostructured or mesoporous compound comprising an mineral alumina phase, within which are dispersed at least partially crystalline particles of a compound of cerium, titanium or zirconium, said compound having chemical homogeneity such that the domains of heterogeneity are at most 100 nm 2 , characterized in that the particles comprise at least one element M in solid solution in said particles.
- the invention also provides a process for the preparation of said doped compound.
- the doped materials of the invention advantageously have a stabilized specific surface, a high oxygen storage capacity (OSC) and improved reducibility.
- OSC oxygen storage capacity
- the advantage of the compounds according to this second variant of the invention is that, in addition to their great homogeneity, these compounds are thermally stable up to temperatures of around 600 ° C and even up to temperatures above 650 ° C.
- specific surface means the specific surface B.E.T. determined by nitrogen adsorption in accordance with standard ASTM D 3663-78 established from the BRUNAUER - EMMETT-TELLER method described in the periodical "The Journal of the American Chemical Society, 60, 309 (1938)".
- a first variant of the invention relates to an ordered mesostructured or mesoporous compound comprising an inorganic alumina phase, within which are dispersed at least partially crystalline particles of compound of cerium, titanium or zirconium, characterized in that it has chemical homogeneity such that the domains of heterogeneity are at most 100 nm 2 .
- alumina is understood to mean aluminum hydroxides AI (OH) 3 , aluminum oxyhydroxides AIO (OH) or aluminum oxides AI O 3 .
- At least partially crystalline particles of a cerium, titanium, or zirconium compound are dispersed within this mineral phase. These particles of cerium, titanium, zirconium are particles of nanometric size.
- the mineral phase or matrix does not fully encompass the particles of nanometric size which it contains.
- the mineral phase plays a role of binder between the particles of which at least part of the surface is thus accessible and released from the mineral phase.
- at least a part of the particles is in contact with the porous parts constituting the internal space accessible by a gas phase in particular, of the material.
- binding phase will therefore sometimes be used in the rest of the description in connection with the mineral phase.
- particles of nanometric size is meant, within the meaning of the present invention, particles preferably of spherical or isotropic morphology of which at least 50% of the population has an average diameter of between 1 and 10 nm and preferably of at most 6 nm, with a particle size distribution of these particles, preferably monodisperse.
- the particle sizes are measured by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
- particles of nanometric size can also designate according to the invention highly anisotropic particles, of the rod type, on the condition that, for at least 50% of the population of these particles, the average transverse diameter is between 1 and 10 nm and the length does not exceed 100 nm, with a particle size distribution of these particles preferably monodisperse.
- the particles dispersed within the alumina matrix are particles with a diameter of the order of 3 to 5 nm.
- the cerium, titanium or zirconium compounds in the particles are mainly oxides.
- the binding mineral phase can also be constituted by an assembly of particles of nanometric size.
- the alumina particles preferably have a smaller diameter than that of the particles of the cerium, titanium or zirconium compounds, for example from 1 to 5 nm.
- the structure of the compound of the invention has mineral walls which can be described as consisting of discrete domains of binder phase and particles of nanometric size.
- the mineral walls can be constituted by domains of binding phase having a smaller thickness compared to the thickness of the domains of particles of nanometric dimension.
- These mineral walls delimit a pore volume with accessibility of the surfaces of the particles of nanometric size of the compound of cerium, zirconium or titanium by a gas phase or a liquid phase.
- the particles of nanometric dimensions based on the compounds of the elements cerium, titanium or zirconium which are present in the material of the invention are particles at least partially crystalline, within which the metal oxide generally exhibits a degree of crystallinity ranging preferably from 30 to 100% by volume.
- the volume crystallinity level of a given metal oxide, present within the nanometric particles of the material of the invention can be calculated by the ratio of the area of the diffraction peak measured by X-ray diffraction for a sample of the compound according to the invention in the area of the same diffraction peak measured for a control sample of said oxide in the fully crystallized state, corrected for the absorption coefficients of the corresponding oxides.
- the mesostructured compounds or materials of the invention in addition to an ordered arrangement of their pore network, an overall crystallinity rate generally at least equal to 10% in volume, and preferably at least 30% by volume, this overall volume crystallinity rate being calculated by multiplying the volume crystallinity rate determined experimentally for the particles, according to the method described above, by the volume fraction of the material which is occupied by said particles. More particularly still, the compound according to the present invention has an overall crystallinity by volume of at least 50% and even more preferably at least 60%.
- degree of crystallinity of a mesostructured material within the meaning of the invention, is meant the rate of crystallinity proper to the walls of the structure, which globally takes into account both the possible crystallinity of the mineral phase of alumina or binding phase and the crystallinity of the particles of nanometric dimensions included in this binding phase.
- the crystallinity of the material within the meaning of the invention, corresponds to a microscopic organization detectable in particular by diffraction (for example by X-ray diffraction at large angles), which is to be distinguished in particular orofre presented, on a more macroscopic level, by the mesostructure of the material.
- the mineral phase of the mesostructured material of the present invention integrating the particles of nanometric dimension defined above constitutes, for its part, an mineral phase, amorphous to partially crystalline, consisting of alumina. More particularly, said compound exhibits chemical homogeneity such that the domains of heterogeneity are at most 25 nm 2 .
- chemical homogeneity such that the domains of heterogeneity are at most x nm 2
- a compound which exhibits chemical homogeneity on a surface of at least x nm 2 is meant a compound which has chemical homogeneity at a surface of at least 10 nm ⁇ 10 nm on ultramicrotone sections. This means that there is no difference in the chemical composition of the products of the invention between different surface areas of 100 nm 2 .
- MET-EDS analysis The homogeneity characteristics are determined by MET-EDS analysis. More particularly, the domain of heterogeneity was measured by the energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS) mapping method using a transmission electron microscopy (TEM) microprobe on ultramicrotome sections. These analyzes being carried out with a microscope equipped with a 300 KV source (to be confirmed) and the ultramicrotome sections have a thickness of 80 nm, more or less 20 nm.
- EDS energy dispersion spectroscopy
- TEM transmission electron microscopy
- the material of the invention may contain a doping element.
- This element can be an element M according to a first embodiment, and / or M 'according to a second embodiment.
- Element M is in solid solution in the constituent particle of the material, that is to say in cerium, zirconium and / or titanium oxide.
- This element M is in the cationic state, generally in solid solution of insertion and / or substitution, within the crystal structure of the particle.
- element in solid solution within the particle is meant the presence of this element as cation, by way of insertion and / or substitution cation, within the crystalline oxide of the particle characteristically playing the role of a host crystal lattice, said cation of the element M generally representing strictly less than 50% by mole of the total amount of metal cations present in the oxide, that is to say that the cation integrated in solid solution is preferably a minority cation relative to the constituent cations of the metal oxide where it is integrated in solid solution, the content of this cation of the element M however being able to reach 50% in certain cases.
- a crystalline oxide integrating cations in solid solution retains the structure of the crystalline oxide in the pure state, slight modifications of the mesh parameters which can however be observed, for example in accordance with Vegard's law.
- a crystalline oxide integrating cations in solid solution therefore generally has an X-ray diffraction diagram similar to that of pure mixed oxide, with a more or less significant offset of the peaks.
- the element M is chosen from rare earths and transition metals, capable of being able to be integrated in cationic form in solid solution within said particle.
- the metal M can be chosen more specifically according to the nature of the metal oxide of the particle in which it is integrated in solid solution. It will be noted that the quantity of metal M which can be introduced in solid solution within the oxide depends on the nature of said metal M and on the nature of the constituent element of said oxide.
- the element M present in solid solution can, in general, be chosen from rare earths other than cerium.
- the metal M can be more particularly lanthanum, yttrium, neodymium, praseodymium, dysprosium or europium.
- Element M can also be chosen from transition metals capable of being able to be integrated in cationic form in solid solution within a cerium oxide, in particular zirconium, manganese and titanium.
- the quantity of cations of the metal M which can be integrated in solid solution can represent a value such that the molar ratio M / Ce is at most 1
- the quantity of titanium which can be integrated in solid solution can represent a value such that the Ti / Ce molar ratio is at most 0.5.
- the metal M present in solid solution can be chosen from cerium and rare earths other than cerium.
- M can advantageously be cerium, lanthanum, ryttrium, neodymium, praseodyme, dysprosium or europium.
- M can also be chosen from transition metals capable of being able to be integrated in cationic form in solution solid within a zirconium oxide.
- the doping metal M represents cerium or another rare earth
- the quantity of cations of the metal M which can be integrated in solid solution can represent a value such that the molar ratio M / Zr is at most 1.
- the metal M present in the cationic state in solid solution can also be chosen from rare earths, the transition metals capable of being able to be integrated in solid solution within an oxide.
- titanium can be more particularly manganese, tin, vanadium, niobium, molybdenum or antimony.
- the element M is chosen from cerium, titanium, zirconium, manganese, lanthanum, praseodymium and neodymium, said element M being different from the element constituting the particle oxide (cerium, zirconium or titanium oxide).
- the compound is characterized in that said particles of the compound comprise at least one element M 'at least partly on their surface.
- This element M ′ can be manganese, or an alkali or alkaline-earth metal.
- This element M ' can be in the form of metal cations and / or clusters based on the metal M' or an alkali or alkaline earth metal and / or the crystallites of these same elements, these cations or these clusters or these crystallites being dispersed, preferably homogeneously, at least partly at the surface of the oxide particle constituting the material, or even completely at the surface.
- alkali we mean an element of group IA of the periodic table.
- the periodic table of the elements to which reference is made here and for the rest of the description is that published in the Supplement to the Bulletin of the French Chemical Society No. 1 (January 1966).
- alkalis there may be mentioned more particularly sodium or potassium.
- alkaline earth is meant an element of group IIA of the periodic table. In this case, it may more particularly be barium.
- the element M ′ can be manganese.
- this particular embodiment of the second variant of the invention covers materials comprising several elements M 'in combination chosen in particular within the same group or between different groups. More particularly, manganese can be present in combination with an alkali or an alkaline earth and even more particularly, manganese can be in combination with potassium.
- the element M ' is present in the material in the form of a salt.
- the salt may in particular be a chloride, a sulfate or a carbonate.
- the element M ' is present in the material in the form of a hydroxide or an oxide or even an oxyhydroxide.
- the element M ′ can finally be present in amorphous form or in crystallized form.
- the crystallites can for example be TiO 2 crystallites in anatase form, ZrO 2 crystallites.
- the metal-based crystallites M 'described above generally have an average size less than or equal to 500 nm, preferably less than or equal to 200 nm. In general, these crystallites have an average size at least equal to 2 nm.
- cluster based on the metal M ', is meant a polyatomic entity of dimension less than 2 nm, preferably less than 1 nm, comprising at least atoms of the metal M', in the oxidation state 0 or at a higher oxidation state (typically, these are clusters based on oxide and / or hydroxide species of the metal M ', for example polyatomic entities within which several atoms of the metal M' are linked together by -O- or -OH- bridges, each of the atoms of the metal M 'being able to be linked to one or more -OH groups).
- This variant can be applied in particular to the case where the metal M ′ is zirconium, manganese, or even a rare earth (in particular lanthanum, yttrium, neodymium, praseodyme, dysprosium or europium).
- a rare earth in particular lanthanum, yttrium, neodymium, praseodyme, dysprosium or europium.
- these elements can be present in the material of the invention in a chemically bonded form.
- the manganese elements and the other element can be present in the form of a compound or of a phase of mixed oxide type.
- This compound or this phase can in particular be represented by the formula A x Mn y ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ (1) in which A denotes the other element (alkaline or alkaline-earth) and 0.5 ⁇ y / x ⁇ 6.
- phase or compound of formula (1) there may be mentioned by way of example those of the vernadite, hollandite, romanechite or psilomelane, birnessite, todorokite, buserite or lithiophorite type.
- the compound can optionally be hydrated.
- the compound can moreover have a lamellar structure of the Cdl2 type.
- the formula (1) is given here by way of illustration, it would not go beyond the scope of the present invention if the compound had a formula different insofar as of course the manganese and the other element are chemically linked.
- the amount of this metal in this form is generally between 2% and 30%, preferably between 4% and 25%.
- the characteristics of the compound according to the invention, more particularly the homogeneity, described in the first variant of the invention are also valid for the compound according to the second variant.
- the compound according to the invention can comprise an mineral alumina phase within which are dispersed cerium particles, doped or not.
- the compound according to the invention whether or not doped advantageously has a mesostructured structure whose overall thickness of the walls of the compound is between 2 and 10 nm.
- the compound according to the invention doped or not doped advantageously has a mesoporous structure comprising pores of size between 2 and 12 nm, preferably between 3 and 9 nm.
- the compound doped or not according to the invention is advantageously a solid which has at least locally one or more mesostructure (s) chosen from: mesoporous mesostructures of three-dimensional hexagonal symmetry P63 / mmc, of two-dimensional hexagonal symmetry P6mm, of symmetry three-dimensional cubic Ia3d, Im3m or Pn3m; or vesicular or lamellar type mesostructures, vermicular type mesostructures.
- mesostructure chosen from: mesoporous mesostructures of three-dimensional hexagonal symmetry P63 / mmc, of two-dimensional hexagonal symmetry P6mm, of symmetry three-dimensional cubic Ia3d, Im3m or Pn3m; or vesicular or lamellar type mesostructures, vermicular type mesostructures.
- the compounds according to the first variant of the invention exhibit good temperature stability and a high specific surface, greater than 650 m 2 / cm 3 for a calcination temperature of 6 hours at 500 ° C.
- This specific surface expressed in m 2 / cm 3 is obtained by multiplying the surface generally measured in m 2 / g by the density of the composite material.
- this specific surface is preferably between 100 and 500 m 2 / g.
- the compounds according to the second variant of the invention exhibit good temperature stability and a high specific surface, advantageously greater than 650 m 2 / cm 3 , preferably greater than 900 m 2 / cm 3 , and even more preferably higher than 1200m 2 / cm 3 for a calcination temperature of 6 hours at 400 ° C.
- This specific surface expressed in m 2 / cm 3 is obtained by multiplying the surface generally measured in m 2 / g by the density of the composite material.
- this specific surface is preferably between 100 and 300 m 2 / g.
- this surface can be at least 100m 2 / g, more particularly d '' at least 125m 2 / g and even more particularly at least 150m 2 / g.
- the pore volume of the doped materials of the invention is generally at least 0.10 cm 3 / g, more particularly at least 0.15 cm 3 / g and even more particularly at least 0.20 cm 3 / g.
- the reducible nature of a doped material according to the invention can thus in particular be quantified by the conversion rate measured at the end of a so-called "TPR" protocol, set out below:
- a 100 mg sample of the solid to be tested is placed at room temperature (generally between 15 ° C and 25 ° C) under a gas flow of a hydrogen / argon mixture containing 10% hydrogen by volume, at a flow rate of 30 ml per minute.
- a temperature rise is carried out up to 900 ° C at the rate of a constant temperature rise gradient of 10 ° C per minute.
- the quantity of hydrogen captured by the material is determined from the missing surface of the hydrogen signal from the baseline at room temperature to the baseline. at 900 ° C.
- a conversion rate of the cerium IV species initially present is generally measured which is at least 30%, this conversion rate advantageously being at least 40%, more preferably at least equal to 50%.
- the cerium reduction peak determined by the above protocol is centered on temperatures of at most 450 ° C, preferably of at most 400 ° C and even more preferably of at most 375 ° C.
- the process for preparing the product according to the first variant of the invention comprises the following steps:
- the process for preparing the product according to the second variant of the invention comprises the steps 1) to 3) previously described and it further comprises, after step 3) mentioned above, the following steps:
- the colloidal dispersions used to prepare the mixture of step 1 are of the type described in particular in patents EP 206 906 and EP 208 580 (in particular for the colloidal dispersion of cerium), or in Materials Letters 40 (1999) 52-58 (in particular for the colloidal dispersion of alumina). These dispersions can also be obtained in particular by acid treatment and washing of dispersions of ultrafine powders obtained for example by high temperature synthesis processes of the type of combustion of metal chlorides in a flame, known to those skilled in the art.
- the concentration of particles in the dispersions used according to the invention expressed in moles of cation is greater than 1 M.
- the colloidal alumina dispersion preferably has a pH of between 3 and 6.
- a colloidal dispersion of alumina whose particle or colloid size is between 1 nm and 5 nm.
- the colloidal dispersion of a cerium, titanium or zirconium compound preferably has particles or colloids whose average size is between 3 nm and 8 nm.
- the colloidal dispersions of alumina and of cerium, titanium or zirconium compound used are purified by washing by the ultrafiltration technique to present the level of conductivity mentioned above.
- the conductivity value given above is understood for a measurement made on dispersions at pH between 2 and 5 and at a cation concentration of 1M. This conductivity measured under these conditions is thus less than 25mS / cm, advantageously less than 8mS / cm.
- the initial medium formed during step (1) is an aqueous medium, but it can also be a hydroalcoholic medium, and preferably in this case a water / ethanol medium.
- the mixture prepared at the end of step 1 comprises at least one texturing agent.
- This texturing agent present in the mixture is an amphiphilic compound of surfactant type, in particular a copolymer.
- the essential characteristic of this compound is that it is capable of forming liquid crystal phases in the reaction mixture, so as to lead to the formation of a mineral matrix having a mesostructure organized by implementing the texturing mechanism "LCT ": (Liquid Cristal Templating).
- the texturing agent used in the process according to the invention is preferably a compound which is not charged under the conditions for implementing the process.
- the texturing agent according to the invention is a nonionic surfactant of the copolymer type, and in particular chosen from block copolymers of the diblock or triblock type.
- a nonionic texturing agent of the block copolymer type is used, and more preferably a poly (ethylene oxide) -poly (propylene oxide) -poly (ethylene oxide) triblock copolymer called PEO-PPO-PEO (also called (EO) x - (PO) y - (EO) 2 such as those described especially by Zhao et al. in the Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol. 120, pp. 6024-6036 (1998), and marketed under the name ® Piuronic generic brand by BASF.
- PEO-PPO-PEO also called (EO) x - (PO) y - (EO) 2
- nonionic surfactants such as poly (ethylene oxide) graft (EO) x Cy marketed by Aldrich under the names BRJ marks ® or Tween ®, or nonionic surfactants sorbitan type header those marketed by Fluka under the brand name Span ® .
- the texturing agent can also be a poly (ethylene oxide) - poly (isopropene) block copolymer or a poly (ethylene oxide) -poly (isoprene) block copolymer .
- the colloidal dispersion of the cerium, titanium or zirconium compound is characterized in that the cerium, titanium or zirconium compound is functionalized with a surfactant of formula X-A-Y.
- the surfactant can also be in free form within the dispersion.
- This surfactant is an organic compound in which A is an optionally substituted linear or branched alkyl group, which can for example comprise from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably between 2 and 8 carbon atoms.
- the function X is a complexing function of the metal cation of the colloid of the colloidal dispersion of the compound of cerium, titanium or zirconium.
- complexing function is meant a function which allows the formation of a complexing bond between the colloid cation, for example the cerium cation, and the surfactant.
- This function can be a function of the phosphonate -PO 3 2 "type , or phosphate -PO 4 2" , carboxylate -CO 2 ⁇ or sulfate -SO 2 " , sulfonate -SO 3 2 for example.
- the function Y is an amino function or hydroxy.
- It can be an amino function of the type - H 2 , - HR 2 , or - NR 3 R 2 , or - NH + , R 2 and R 3 , identical or different, denoting a hydrogen or an alkyl group comprising 1 to 8 carbon atoms It can also be an OH function Among the agents with OH functions, there may be mentioned for example glycolic acid, gluconic acid, lactic acid, hydroxybenzoic acid, disodium phosphate glycerol.
- surfactants which are particularly suitable for the invention, mention may be made of amino acids, and in particular aliphatic amino acids.
- amino acids constituting proteins of structure R— CH (NH 2 ) - COOH where R is an aliphatic radical.
- R is an aliphatic radical.
- leucine Palanine, valine, isoleucine, glycine, lysine.
- the preferred surfactant according to the invention is aminohexanoic acid.
- the amount of surfactant used to functionalize the compound of this dispersion is expressed by the ratio Rb, determined by the following formula:
- the ratio Rb is advantageously between 0.1 and 0.5.
- the functionalization of the cerium, titanium or zirconium compound is carried out by bringing a dispersion of said compound into contact with the surfactant.
- the colloidal dispersion of starting alumina can also be a dispersion in which the alumina colloids can be functionalized by a surfactant of the XAY type, identical or different from the surfactant of the colloidal dispersion of the compound of cerium, zirconium or titanium.
- an optional free surfactant molecules are eliminated by washing by ultrafiltration.
- the mixture of step 1) of the process according to the invention is formed by simple contacting of the constituents of the mixture, namely the alumina dispersion, the texturing agent and the colloidal dispersion functionalized according to the method described above. .
- This simple contacting is done in aqueous or hydroalcoholic media.
- step 1) The conditions of implementation of step 1) are such that they make it possible to obtain, at the end of step 1), a mixture which has a conductivity (measured at a cation concentration of 1M) which is advantageously not more than 25mS / cm.
- the conductivity of the mixture (measured under the same conditions) will be at most 8 mS / cm.
- colloidal dispersions having this conductivity will be chosen.
- the colloidal dispersions and the texturing agent are used in amounts such as the ratio:
- volume of colloids - we mean the value obtained by dividing the mass of colloids present in the dispersion (s) by the theoretical density of the one or more colloids and by volume of the texturing agent means the value obtained by dividing the mass of the texturing agent by the theoretical density of the latter.
- the second stage of the process consists in at least partially removing the water from the starting mixture.
- This step can be carried out by evaporation in the open air or in an extractor hood, and preferably at room temperature. Evaporation can advantageously be carried out in a thin layer, of thickness less than 5 mm. One can also make a spray drying in temperature.
- the third step of the process for preparing the compound of the invention consists in removing the texturing agent.
- This step can be carried out in particular by heat treatment.
- the heat treatment is advantageously carried out according to a temperature rise profile of between 0.2 ° C per minute and 3 ° C per minute, and preferably according to a temperature rise profile of between 0.5 ° C per minute and 2 ° C per minute, so as not to degrade the material.
- This temperature rise is generally carried out up to a temperature allowing the elimination of the texturing agent, preferably up to a temperature of between 300 ° C. and 600 ° C.
- the removal of the texturing agent can also be carried out by entrainment with a solvent. It should be noted that entrainment with a solvent is facilitated by the fact that a non-charged amphiphilic compound is preferably used, which induces a sufficiently weak texturing agent-matrix interaction to allow this type of elimination.
- the solid obtained at the end of step 3 can also be subjected to an additional heat treatment, and in particular to calcination.
- the purpose of this possible additional heat treatment is to increase the crystallinity of the material obtained, and to remove impurities such as nitrate anions and surfactants.
- the fourth step of the process consists in bringing the material obtained in the previous steps of the process into contact with a solution of element M.
- the solution of element M used in the case of the process according to the invention is usually an aqueous solution based on salts of this element.
- salts of inorganic acids such as nitrates, sulfates or chlorides.
- organic acids such as nitrates, sulfates or chlorides.
- salts of organic acids such as saturated aliphatic carboxylic acids or the salts of hydroxycarboxylic acids.
- an aqueous or hydro-alcoholic solution comprising cations of the metal M in the complexed state, or alternatively a solution, generally in an anhydrous organic solvent medium, comprising an alkoxide of the metal M.
- a solution generally in an anhydrous organic solvent medium, comprising an alkoxide of the metal M.
- the element M is titanium, it is possible to use more particularly a titanium alkoxide in an acidified hydroalcoholic medium.
- the solution which is brought into contact with the material has a concentration of this element M which is at most 2M, preferably at most 1.2M. A higher concentration may prevent the formation of a solid solution of element M in the oxide constituting the particle.
- the contacting can be done by immersing the starting mesostructured material in a solution comprising the element M and then subjecting the medium obtained to centrifugation.
- centrifugation is carried out, at a rate of 2000 to 5000 revolutions per minute, for a duration generally not exceeding 30 minutes.
- the element M is brought into contact with the cerium, titanium or zirconium compound by dry impregnation.
- Dry impregnation consists in adding to the product to be impregnated a volume of an aqueous solution of element M which is equal to the pore volume of the material to be impregnated.
- phase (b) of the fourth step) is essentially intended to achieve at least partial integration of cations of the element M in solid solution within the oxide constituting the particle.
- this calcination takes place at a temperature at least equal to 300 ° C., this temperature preferably being at least equal to 350 ° C. but it is preferably at most 400 ° C. and advantageously at most 500 ° C. Higher temperatures are not required with regard to the integration of the cations of the element M within the oxide of the particle.
- the process of the present invention makes it possible, surprisingly, to integrate metal cations in solid solution for insertion and or substitution within the metal oxide of the particle at temperatures low, which allows in particular to obtain mesostructured materials having very large specific surfaces.
- the calcination step can be carried out by subjecting the solid to a temperature gradient, from an initial temperature between 15 and 95 ° C, at a final temperature between 350 ° C and 1000 ° C, advantageously with a temperature rise of between 0.5 ° C per minute and 2 ° C per minute, and with one or more successive stages of maintaining at intermediate temperatures, preferably between 350 and 600 ° C, for variable durations , generally between 1 hour and 24 hours.
- the preparation process of the invention may comprise a drying step, prior to step 4) (b) of calcination.
- this preliminary drying is generally carried out in the slowest possible way, in particular so as to favor the ionic exchanges.
- drying is most often carried out at a temperature between 15 and 80 ° C, preferably at a temperature below 50 ° C, or even 40 ° C, and advantageously at room temperature.
- This drying can be carried out under an inert atmosphere (nitrogen, Argon) or under an oxidizing atmosphere (air, oxygen) depending on the compounds present in the material.
- the drying is advantageously carried out under a water-free atmosphere.
- the method of the invention may comprise, following steps 4) (a) and 4) (b), one or more subsequent contacting / calcination cycles implementing steps of the type 4) (a) and 4) (b), carried out on the solid obtained at the end of the preceding cycle.
- steps 4) (a) and 4) (b) one or more subsequent contacting / calcination cycles implementing steps of the type 4) (a) and 4) (b), carried out on the solid obtained at the end of the preceding cycle.
- the invention also relates to the use of the mesostructured or mesoporous compound ordered according to the invention and of the product obtained by the process according to the invention as a catalyst or as a catalyst support, in particular for automotive post combustion.
- a colloidal dispersion of cerium oxide is prepared according to the procedure described in Example 1 of patent application EP 208 580.
- the content of cerium hydrate is 65% by mass.
- the molar concentration of CeO2 is 5.69 M or 2.95 mole / Kg.
- the functionalization of the surface of the CeO 2 nanoparticles is carried out as follows:
- the pH of the dispersion After dilution with demineralized water to 1 M / l, the pH of the dispersion is 4.3 and the conductivity of the dispersion is 3.15 mS / cm.
- a colloidal dispersion of aluminum tri-hydroxide is prepared according to the procedure described below:
- the dispersion is transferred to a beaker equipped with a pH electrode connected to a pH regulating device.
- Hydrochloric acid is added with stirring for one hour so as to regulate the pH of the dispersion to pH 4. It is left stirring for one hour more.
- the dispersion is washed at 4 times its volume with demineralized water by ultrafiltration on 3 KD membranes.
- the dispersion is concentrated by ultrafiltration and the determination of the dry extract by calcination of an aliquot at 1000 ° C. indicates a concentration of 1.1 moles of Al.
- the concentration of the dispersion at 1 M in Al is adjusted by dilution with demineralized water.
- the pH is equal to 4.65 and the conductivity is 4.5 mS / cm.
- Piuronic P 123 is an amphiphilic tri-block block type copolymer from the company BASF having the structural formula
- the dispersion obtained was then placed in glass petri dishes and was subjected to evaporation at 20 ° C for 5 days in an extractor hood.
- the dry product was then then transferred to alumina baskets.
- the product was calcined at 500 ° C with a temperature rise of 1 ° C / min and a plateau of 6 hours.
- the plotting of the nitrogen nitrogen adsorption-desorption curves shows a monodisperse distribution of the pore size.
- the specific surface of the material has been determined equal to 200 m 2 / g for the product calcined at 400 ° C 6h or 1360 m 2 / cm 3
- the specific surface of the material was determined equal to 158 m 2 / g for the product calcined at 500 ° C 6h or 1075 m 2 / cm 3 .
- the specific surface of the material was determined equal to 110 m 2 / g for the product calcined at 600 ° C 6 h or 748 m 2 / cm 3
- the average pore size for these different products was determined equal to 7 nm .
- the observation in transmission electron microscopy of the material obtained at the end of these different stages reveals the existence of a texture.
- the specific surface of the material has been determined equal to 127m 2 / g at 500 ° C or 784m 2 / cm 3 .
- the average pore size was determined to be 9 nm.
- a solution of Zr (NO 3 ) 3 at 1.2 M in Zr is prepared by adding to 54.8 ml of solution of Zr (NO 3 ) 3 at 2.19 M in Zr, of density 1.368 and at 270 g / l of zirconium oxide contained in demineralized water until a final volume of 100 cm 3 is obtained.
- the specific surface is determined to be equal to 125 m 2 / g.
- a porous distribution is observed centered on a pore diameter of 8 nm.
- the pore volume is determined to be 0.26 cm 3 / g.
- a solution of Pr (NO 3 ) 3 at 1.21 M in Pr is prepared by addition to 51.9 ml of solution of Pr (NO 3 ) 3 at 2.91 M in Pr, of density 1.73 and at 28 , 6% in praseodymium oxide contained, from the company Rhodia Rare Earths, with demineralized water until a final volume of 125 cm 3 is obtained.
- the impregnation and heat treatment operation is then repeated.
- the final molar ratio (Pr / Ce) is then equal to 0.3.
- the specific surface is determined to be equal to 112 m 2 / g.
- a porous distribution is observed centered on a pore diameter of 7 nm.
- the pore volume is determined to be 0.29 cm 3 / g.
- Acidified butyl titanate solution was prepared by dissolving 20.65 g of Ti (OBu) 4 to 23.45% of TiO 2 in 15 cm 3 of ethanol, and 8 cm 3 of HNO 3 15 M that '' complete to 50 cm 3 with ethanol.
- the specific surface is determined equal to 165 m 2 / g.
- a porous distribution is observed centered on a pore diameter of 7 nm.
- the pore volume is determined equal to 0.32 cm 3 / g.
- Example 6 Preparation of mesostructured material AKOH ZrOp doped Ce.
- a colloidal dispersion of AI (OH) 3 is prepared by following the procedure described in Example 1-a) except that it is diluted to 0.57 mol / kg.
- a colloidal dispersion of ZrO 2 coming from Nyacol at 20% by weight of ZrO 2 , density 1.32, at 2.15 mol / 1 is put to ultrafilter on a 3KD membrane. After washing with 6 volumes of water, the colloidal dispersion has the following characteristics: pH 1.84, conductivity of 17 mS / Cm, concentration of 1.46 mole / l in ZrO 2 . Colloids have a diameter of about 3 nm.
- the mixture is left stirring for 30 min and is left to stand for 16 hours at room temperature.
- the dispersion is ultrafiltered on a 3 KD membrane with 2 equivalent volumes of water.
- the mixing is carried out at room temperature of:
- the mixed dispersion is poured into thin film crystallizers about 1 cm thick. It is left to evaporate at room temperature for 4 days.
- the solid product is calcined at 400 ° C. The temperature rise is 1 ° C / min and the plateau at 400 ° C lasts 6 hours.
- the product obtained has a vermicular type structure, viewed by transmission electron microscopy.
- the specific surface area is 186 m 2 / g.
- BET analysis a distribution of monodisperse pores centered on 6 nm and a pore volume of the order of 0.22 cm 3 / g is shown.
- X-ray diffraction lines are observed showing the beginning of ZrO 2 crystallization corresponding to the tetragonal structure.
- 118.5 g of mesostructured product (0.9 ZrO 2 - 0.1 AI (OH) 3 ) contain 0.9 mole of ZrO 2 and 0.1 mole AI (OH) 3 .
- 1 g of mesostructured product (0.9 ZrO 2 - 0.1 AI (OH) 3 ) contains 7.6 millimole of Zr and 0.84 millimole of Al.
- the impregnation is carried out with 0.59 cm 3 of Ce (NO 3 ) 4 solution (ie 0.38 millimole of Ce + ) previously described per gram of nanostructured product. This impregnation is carried out by mixing the dough at room temperature.
- the Ce / Zr molar ratio 0.05.
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP03717395A EP1480910A2 (fr) | 2002-02-15 | 2003-02-11 | COMPOSE MESOPOREUX COMPRENANT UNE PHASE MINÉRALE D AL UMINE ET DES PARTICULES D OXYDE DE CÉRIUM, DE TITANE OU DE ZIRCONIUM, ET ÉVENTUELLEMENT UN ÉLÉMENT EN SOLUTION SOLIDE DANS CES PARTICULES, PROCÉDÉS DE PRÉPARATION ET SES UTILISATION |
| AU2003222373A AU2003222373A1 (en) | 2002-02-15 | 2003-02-11 | Mesoporous compound comprising a mineral phase of aluminium and cerium, titanium or zirconium oxide particles and, optionally, an element in solid solution in said particles, the preparation method thereof and uses of same |
| US10/504,628 US20050123465A1 (en) | 2002-02-15 | 2003-02-11 | Mesoporous compound comprising a mineral phase of aluminum and cerium, titanium or zirconium oxide particles and, optionally, an element in solid solution in said particles, the preparation method thereof and uses of same |
| JP2003567822A JP2005518326A (ja) | 2002-02-15 | 2003-02-11 | アルミナのミネラル相及びセリウム、チタン又はジルコニウムオキシドの粒子及び随意にこれらの粒子中の固溶体状の元素を含むメソポーラス化合物、その製法及びその使用 |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR02/01924 | 2002-02-15 | ||
| FR0201924A FR2836067B1 (fr) | 2002-02-15 | 2002-02-15 | Compose mesostructure homogene comprenant une phase minerale d'alumine et des particules au moins partiellement cristallines d'un compose de cerium, de titane ou de zirconium, son procede de preparation et ses utilisations |
| FR0204599A FR2838427B3 (fr) | 2002-04-12 | 2002-04-12 | Compose mesoporeux comprenant une phase alumine, des particules d'oxyde de cerium, de titane ou de zirconium, et un element en solution solide dans ces particules, procede de preparation et utilisations |
| FR02/04599 | 2002-04-12 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2003068678A2 true WO2003068678A2 (fr) | 2003-08-21 |
| WO2003068678A3 WO2003068678A3 (fr) | 2004-03-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR2003/000435 Ceased WO2003068678A2 (fr) | 2002-02-15 | 2003-02-11 | Compose mesoporeux comprenant une phase minérale d'alumine et des particules d'oxyde de cérium, de titane ou de zirconium, et éventuellement un élément en solution solide dans ces particules, procédés de préparation et ses utilisations |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20050123465A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP1480910A2 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2005518326A (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU2003222373A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2003068678A2 (fr) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1690838A4 (fr) * | 2003-11-17 | 2008-08-13 | Nat Inst Of Advanced Ind Scien | Poudre ou film mince mesoporeux de composite oxyde/verre nanocristallin, processus de production et d'utilisation de cette poudre ou de ce film, divers dispositifs et accumulateur auxiliaire et dispositifs de stockage de lithium |
| CN113165900A (zh) * | 2018-11-30 | 2021-07-23 | 马蒂姆有限公司 | 一种在氨基酸存在下制备二氧化锆纳米颗粒的方法 |
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| FR2819432B1 (fr) * | 2001-01-18 | 2003-04-11 | Rhodia Chimie Sa | Catalyseur mesostructure integrant des particules de dimensions nanometriques |
| GB0413771D0 (en) | 2004-06-21 | 2004-07-21 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Metal oxide sols |
| GB0413767D0 (en) * | 2004-06-21 | 2004-07-21 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Metal oxide sols |
| JP4946163B2 (ja) * | 2005-07-21 | 2012-06-06 | ソニー株式会社 | 金属酸化物ナノ粒子の製造方法 |
| US8507287B2 (en) * | 2008-09-26 | 2013-08-13 | Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation | Mesoporous metal oxide materials for phosphoproteomics |
| WO2014052480A1 (fr) * | 2012-09-25 | 2014-04-03 | University Of Connecticut | Oxydes métalliques mésoporeux et procédés de préparation de ceux-ci |
| JP6599637B2 (ja) * | 2015-05-13 | 2019-10-30 | イビデン株式会社 | ゼオライト、該ゼオライトの製造方法、該ゼオライトを使用したハニカム触媒及び排ガス浄化装置 |
| CN107629814B (zh) * | 2016-07-19 | 2019-07-12 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 一种芳烃的加氢饱和方法 |
| CN108085058B (zh) * | 2016-11-22 | 2019-07-12 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 一种烃油深度脱芳烃的方法 |
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| WO1996031434A1 (fr) * | 1995-04-03 | 1996-10-10 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Composition et procede permettant de produire un oxyde metallique mesoporeux a empilement hexagonal |
| US5718878A (en) * | 1996-07-12 | 1998-02-17 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Mesoporous titania and process for its preparation |
| AU7226296A (en) * | 1996-10-10 | 1998-05-05 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Compositions and methods for preparing porous metal oxides |
| DE19730125A1 (de) * | 1997-07-14 | 1999-01-21 | Basf Ag | Aluminiumoxid enthaltender Feststoff mit großer Oberfläche |
| US6027706A (en) * | 1998-05-05 | 2000-02-22 | Board Of Trustees Operating Michigan State University | Porous aluminum oxide materials prepared by non-ionic surfactant assembly route |
| FR2781477B1 (fr) * | 1998-07-22 | 2000-12-08 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de synthese d'alumines en milieu basique |
| FR2800300B1 (fr) * | 1999-11-02 | 2002-12-20 | Rhodia Chimie Sa | Materiau mesostructure integrant des particules de dimension nanometrique |
| AUPQ665000A0 (en) * | 2000-04-03 | 2000-05-04 | University Of Queensland, The | Improved catalyst |
-
2003
- 2003-02-11 EP EP03717395A patent/EP1480910A2/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-02-11 AU AU2003222373A patent/AU2003222373A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-02-11 JP JP2003567822A patent/JP2005518326A/ja not_active Abandoned
- 2003-02-11 US US10/504,628 patent/US20050123465A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-02-11 WO PCT/FR2003/000435 patent/WO2003068678A2/fr not_active Ceased
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1690838A4 (fr) * | 2003-11-17 | 2008-08-13 | Nat Inst Of Advanced Ind Scien | Poudre ou film mince mesoporeux de composite oxyde/verre nanocristallin, processus de production et d'utilisation de cette poudre ou de ce film, divers dispositifs et accumulateur auxiliaire et dispositifs de stockage de lithium |
| CN113165900A (zh) * | 2018-11-30 | 2021-07-23 | 马蒂姆有限公司 | 一种在氨基酸存在下制备二氧化锆纳米颗粒的方法 |
| CN113165900B (zh) * | 2018-11-30 | 2023-07-18 | 马蒂姆有限公司 | 一种在氨基酸存在下制备二氧化锆纳米颗粒的方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1480910A2 (fr) | 2004-12-01 |
| AU2003222373A1 (en) | 2003-09-04 |
| JP2005518326A (ja) | 2005-06-23 |
| WO2003068678A3 (fr) | 2004-03-25 |
| US20050123465A1 (en) | 2005-06-09 |
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