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WO2003066535A1 - Procede et systeme de regulation d'un reacteur biologique - Google Patents

Procede et systeme de regulation d'un reacteur biologique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003066535A1
WO2003066535A1 PCT/US2002/003968 US0203968W WO03066535A1 WO 2003066535 A1 WO2003066535 A1 WO 2003066535A1 US 0203968 W US0203968 W US 0203968W WO 03066535 A1 WO03066535 A1 WO 03066535A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid
air
compressed air
effluent
flow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2002/003968
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English (en)
Inventor
Lorne Karl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AU2002255526A priority Critical patent/AU2002255526A1/en
Priority to PCT/US2002/003968 priority patent/WO2003066535A1/fr
Publication of WO2003066535A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003066535A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/20—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by degassing, i.e. liberation of dissolved gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/24—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flotation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • C02F1/76—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with halogens or compounds of halogens
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/005—Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/005—Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC]
    • C02F2209/008—Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC] comprising telecommunication features, e.g. modems or antennas
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to hydraulic air compressors, systems employing hydraulic air compressors and systems and methods for aerobic, biological treatment of waste water. More particularly it relates to systems and method for controlling such hydraulic compressor/biological reactor systems and methods.
  • HAC hydraulic air compressor
  • a drawback of the type of systems discussed above is that the volume of air for compression relies upon a configuration to naturally draw air into the liquid flow as the volume of air to be compressed. Means are not disclosed to increase the volume of air to be compressed to provide for more versatility and efficiency in a HAC or system incorporated the same. Still further, these systems provide no convenient means to control either or both of the flow of liquid through the HAC or the volume of compressed air produced. It would be desirable to provide means to control the flow of liquid and the volume of air produced by the HAC.
  • a riser From the bottom a riser returns the effluent for re-circulation. Air is injected at the bottom of the riser to not only aerate the effluent but to create an air lift for circulation of the effluent. These systems aerobically treat the effluent but do not provide any byproduct such as compressed air which can be utilized to produce energy or work. Further injection of air at the bottom of the vertical shaft cannot provide for any significant compression thereof.
  • HAC hydraulic air compressor
  • a bio-reactor unit for aerobically treating fluid waste and for supplying compressed air to a demand which includes a source of liquid to be aerobically treated such as municipal waste sewage and a hydraulic air compressor having a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet and a compressed air discharge.
  • the hydraulic air compressor (HAC) provides a head through which liquid falls to compress air in the liquid.
  • a flow controller is provided to control the supply of liquid to the HAC liquid inlet, the liquid flowing through the HAC and from said liquid outlet producing compressed air discharged through said compressed air discharge.
  • a level sensor is provided proximate the liquid outlet to maintain a liquid seal for the HAC.
  • a compressed air sensor senses the flow of compressed air from the HAC.
  • a controller controls the flow controller and control valve to regulate the level of liquid at said liquid outlet, flow of compressed air and flow rate through the HAC.
  • flow By controlling flow, the supply of compressed air can be controlled as well as, if required or desired, the rate at which the liquid may be aerobically treated.
  • Other features of the system and method include, but are not limited to, pumps with motor controllers to circulate the liquid through the bio- reactor and control the flow rate, a blower to inject air at the inlet of the HAC for compression thereof and a controller for the blower as well as a process control computer processor to monitor and control the various operational parameters of the system.
  • the process control may be controlled by a wired or wireless wide area network (WAN), local area Network (LAN) or through the Internet as well.
  • WAN wide area network
  • LAN local area Network
  • the compressed air demand may be, for example, the compression air inlet of a fuel-fired turbine, burner or for any other purpose.
  • a system and method according to the present invention can be controlled to supply the compressed air demand at the rate required or to efficiently aerobically treat liquid effluent or a combination of both.
  • the compressed air can be delivered to a fuel-fired turbine the output shaft of which can be used to provide work such as by driving an electric generator for the production of electricity.
  • effluent which would normally have to be separately aerobically treated through bubbling ponds or spray is aerobically treated advantageously in a HAC which produces compressed air for efficient operation of a turbine to produce electricity.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a system using a hydraulic air compressor
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a portion of the system of Fig. 1 showing the injection of air for compression thereof by the hydraulic air compressor
  • Fig. 3A is a side view of the air separator of the system of Fig. 1 ;
  • Fig. 3B is a top plan view of the separator of the system of Fig. 1 ;
  • Fig. 4 illustrates a system employing a further embodiment of the hydraulic air compressor according to the present invention
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a system employing a alternate embodiment of the hydraulic air compressor according to the present invention
  • Fig. 6 illustrates an open system
  • Fig. 7 illustrates a closed system
  • Fig. 8 illustrates a further embodiment of the system and method
  • FIG. 9 illustrates the system and method according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a throat to assist in injection of air into the liquid
  • FIG. 11 a system 400 according to the present invention for a fish farming pond.
  • the system 10 includes a source of liquid shown as a waste water post-treatment facility 12 which may be of conventional construction.
  • the post-treatment facility 12 includes a chemical treatment pond 14 which may include nitrogen and phosphorous removal as well as chlorination or de- chlorination.
  • a flotation tank 16 which may be of conventional construction receives treated waste water from the hydraulic air compressor (HAC) as hereinafter described.
  • the floatation tank 16 communicates with an activated sludge pond 18 which is generally open and includes a pond lining 20 to isolate the activated sludge contained in pond 18 from the environment.
  • Primary effluent at the post-treatment facility 12 enters the floatation tank 16 from the sludge pond 18 where buoyant materials float to the surface and are removed, the liquid is directed to the chemical treatment pond 14 for final treatment before released to the environment.
  • Sludge which settles at the bottom or rises to the top of the floatation tank 16 is removed by a line 22 a portion of which is directed by line 24 to waste drying beds and a portion is mixed with water at a mixer 26 and returned to the activated sludge pond 18.
  • the effluent contained in the activated sludge pond 18 is liquid and, according to the prior art is circulated and aerated by spraying, by bubbling or the like, for aerobic biological treatment of the sludge.
  • the system 10 also includes a hydraulic air compressor or HAC 28 including a substantially vertical down shaft 30 having an upper end 32 and a lower end 34.
  • the down shaft 30 may be embodied as a pipe extending into the ground to place its lower end 34 below the groundwater table 36 as shown in Fig. 1.
  • the down shaft 30 is tapered, decreasing in diameter at least in a portion along its length from the upper end 32 to the lower end 34 to accelerate the flow of liquid there through and resist the formation of slug flow and blowback of compressed air produced in the manner described below.
  • the down shaft 30 is communication with a separation chamber 38 as shown in Figs. 3A and 3B.
  • the separation chamber 38 preferably extends horizontally from the down shaft
  • the down shaft 30 is coupled to the separation chamber 38 at a first trap 40 adapted to be filled with liquid to maintain a seal between the lower end 34 and air chamber defined within the separation chamber 38 as hereinafter described.
  • the separation chamber 38 has a larger cross section area than that of the down shaft 30 so that the liquid flowing there through is slowed to provide a period of time for compressed air to be released from the liquid for collection thereof.
  • a water level 42 is maintained within the separation chamber 38 above the first trap 40 to provide the aforementioned seal.
  • an air chamber 44 into which the air compressed by the HAC 28 is collected.
  • the air chamber 44 may extend along the entire length of the separation chamber 38 and, as shown in Fig. 3A, may have a cross section aica which is semi-circular and reduces from a location proximate the first trap 40 along the length of the separation chamber 38.
  • a cross section aica which is semi-circular and reduces from a location proximate the first trap 40 along the length of the separation chamber 38.
  • the separation chamber 38 has a second trap 46 which, like the first trap 40, is adapted to remain filled with water to seal the air chamber 44 within the separation chamber 38.
  • the second trap 46 is coupled to a return riser 48 extending substantially vertically to return the liquid, as shown in Fig. 1 , to the sludge pond 18.
  • a return riser 48 extending substantially vertically to return the liquid, as shown in Fig. 1 , to the sludge pond 18.
  • level sensing means are provided to sense the level of liquid in the separation chamber 38.
  • waste water retained in the sludge pond 18 is preferably aerobically treated by aeration.
  • This aeration according to the prior art, is done with sprinklers, bubblers and large surface areas of sludge ponds 18.
  • the sprinklers, bubblers and large surface area heretofore used is replaced by the apparatus of the present invention. Aeration is attained by operation of the HAC.
  • means are provided for forcibly introducing air into the liquid preferably proximate the upper end 32. These means introduce air at a positive pressure (a pressure above atmospheric pressure) to not only aerate the liquid and act as a biological reactor therefor, but also to increase the volume of air to be compressed by the HAC 28.
  • a support structure 52 through which extends the down shaft 30 into the ground.
  • a restriction 54 defining a narrow throat 56 adapted to increase the velocity (and reduce the pressure) of the liquid entering the upper end 32 of the down shaft 30.
  • a restriction 54 defining a narrow throat 56 adapted to increase the velocity (and reduce the pressure) of the liquid entering the upper end 32 of the down shaft 30.
  • one or more injectors 58 for injecting air into the liquid.
  • the injectors 58 may be embodied as a single pipe extending axially into the down shaft 30 or may be embodied as a bundle of pipes disposed axially in the down shaft 30 to introduce smaller diameter streams of air injected into the liquid.
  • the injectors 58 communicate with a blower 60 which is adapted to deliver air through the injectors 58 into the liquid.
  • a blower 60 By adjusting the volume air delivered by the blower 60, the volume of air introduced into the liquid entering the HAC 28 can likewise be adjusted. As can be appreciated, greater amounts of air can be introduced to the liquid as it enters the HAC 28 than could be naturally entrained or drawn in by a simple venturi arrangement or like arrangement.
  • a control can be provided on the amount of air injected into the liquid. It should further be understood that the air injected into the liquid acts to aerobically treat the liquid which is mixed as it flows down the down shaft 30 to the separation chamber
  • the system 10 includes means for supplying liquid to the HAC 28 for compression of air.
  • These means may be from a water source 62 such as a lake, dam or river introduced into the HAC 28 through a water supply line 64 and/or delivered by pumps 66 delivering liquid from the sludge pond 18.
  • the pumps 66 have a discharge line 68 which is in communication with the upper end 32 of the HAC 28.
  • an elevated source 62 or pumps 66 may be used to supply water or waste water or a combination thereof to the HAC 28.
  • the liquid is delivered to the upper end 32 of the down shaft 30 whereupon it flows due to gravity to compress the air entrained and carried by the liquid, the compressed air and liquid delivered to the separation chamber 38 for separation of the air from the liquid.
  • the HAC 28 includes means to control the flow of liquid through the separation chamber 38.
  • the vertical column of liquid flowing up the riser 48 exerts a pressure head at the separation chamber 38.
  • the control means of the present invention includes a control valve 70 disposed in the riser 48 which can be adjusted to control the flow of liquid flowing upwardly through the riser 48.
  • control valve 70 will operate between selected parameters so as not to back up the flow in the down shaft 30 and/or flood the separation chamber 38.
  • control valve 70 can be used to tune the system 10 in conjunction with the rate at which liquid is supplied to the HAC 28 and the rate at which air is delivered by the blower 60.
  • the liquid returning through the riser 48 is discharged back into the sludge pond 18.
  • the liquid at the sludge pond 18 is circulated through the HAC 28 for aerobic treatment and mixing.
  • the system 10 accomplished several desired ends.
  • the volume of air compressed by the HAC 28 can further be adjusted by increasing the volume of air injected by the blower 60 through the injectors 58 into the liquid.
  • the HAC 28 of the system 10 can have varied outputs based on flow volumes and depending upon the adjustment of the control valve 70 and blower 60.
  • the HAC 28 can be adjusted to optimize the desired output.
  • a relief tube 200 extends from an end submerged in the separation chamber 38 to vent for example above ground, in the event that pressure builds in the separation chamber 38 to such a level as to lower the water level 42 so as to approach the loss of the seals at the first and second traps 40, 46, the end of the tube 200 would be exposed and the compressed air in the separation chamber 38 would vent reducing pressure and returning the water level so as to maintain the seals.
  • the air line 50 may be closed or the flow of compressed air restricted to build pressure in the air chamber 38 to lower the liquid level.
  • the system 10 of Figure 4 includes a modified HAC 28' which does not
  • the down shaft 30 extends into a separation
  • bell 74 is closed having a bottom 76 including an impingement block 78 defining an impingement surface 80 against which the liquid flowing through the down shaft 30 impinges as it falls from the open lower end 34 of the down shaft 30.
  • the infringement surface 80 is generally cup-shaped having a central cone 82 to angularly deflect the flowing liquid into the impingement surface 80.
  • the liquid flowing from the down shaft 30 releases and breaks up the compressed air bubbles carried therewith into the inner bell 72 for collection thereof.
  • the bottom of the inner bell 72 is open and remains submerged below the water level 84 maintained within the outer bell 74.
  • Level sensors 85 in the inner bell 72 sense the level of liquid to maintain the inner bell 72 submerged and to prevent flooding of the inner bell 72.
  • the liquid discharged into the inner bell 72 collects and circulates from the inner bell 72 into the outer bell 74 whereupon it is carried upwardly through the outer bell 74 to an outlet 86 for return to the sludge pond 18.
  • Compressed air collected in the inner bell 72 is removed by an air line 50 from the inner bell 72.
  • the system 10 according to Fig. 4 may also include the restriction 54, blower 60 and injectors 58 as described above to increase the volume of air compressed by the HAC 28.
  • the HAC 28 can be balanced to produce a desired air and water volume within the limits defined by the physical constraints of the construction of the HAC 28.
  • the impingement block 78 or at least the surface 80 thereof is made of a wear resistant material such as steel, concrete or the like to resist wear induced by the impinging liquid.
  • Figure 5 a further embodiment of the invention is shown. Like components bear like reference numerals.
  • the upper end 32 of the down shaft 30 terminates and is open to the sludge pond 18.
  • a screen 150 may be provided in the sludge pond 18 to screen large materials from entering the upper end and an inlet gate 152 may be provided to terminate the flow from the pond 18 into the upper end 32.
  • Liquid from the sludge pond 18 enters the upper end and falls, in the manner described above with reference to Fig. 1 to the first trap 40 and separation chamber 38. From the separation chamber 38 the liquid flows up the riser 48 through the control valve 70 and into a subterranean pumping chamber 154 located at an elevation below the upper end 32 of the down shaft 30 equal to the desired head for the HAC 28.
  • the pumps 66 are located in the pumping chamber 154 pump the liquid through a pipe 156 to return to the sludge pond 18. The return water flow in the riser
  • the control value 70 is located below the pumping chamber 154.
  • a liquor/water mixer 158 may be provided in the sludge pond 18 to dilute the liquor in the sludge pond 18.
  • Fig. 5 The embodiment of Fig. 5 is adapted to reduce above ground structures which may not be considered aesthetically pleasing.
  • the HAC 28 may also include the restriction 54, blower 60 and injectors 58 as described above to increase the volume of air compressed by the HAC 28.
  • Figs. 6 through 8 the operation of the system 10 to produce electricity is shown.
  • the waste water effluent is passed through a screen 88 to screen particulate matter before the effluent is discharged into the sludge pond 18.
  • the liquid effluent is pumped by pumps 66 into the HAC 28 to produce compressed air.
  • the compressed air is removed from the HAC 28, and more particularly the separation chamber 38, and is delivered to means for producing work, be it power, combustion or the like.
  • these means may include a fueled gas turbine 90 coupled to an electrical generator 92 for the production of electricity.
  • the compressed air from the HAC 28 may be delivered directly to the burners for the turbine 90, as shown in Fig. 5 the compressed air may be preconditioned.
  • a heat exchanger or recuperator 94 and humidifier 96 may be provided. Exhaust heat from the turbine 90 is passed through the recuperator 94 to preheat the air prior delivery to the turbine 90.
  • the humidifier 96 humidifies the heated air to increase its density for more efficient operation of the turbine 90.
  • the compressed air from the HAC 28 is dry air, humidifying the air may be desirable.
  • the use of the this air for electrical generation is significantly improved with the addition of a humidifier 96.
  • the recirculation of the liquid not only provides for biological reaction of the effluent through aerobic treatment but also provides compressed, combustion air to a turbine 90 operating a generator 92 for the production of electrical power.
  • a modified system which uses a closed loop recirculation system for driving the HAC 28.
  • a recirculation pond or sludge pond 18 is provi ⁇ ed to store liquid such as water for operating the HAC 28.
  • the liquid is pumped by pumps 66 to the HAC 28 for generation of electrical power as described above with reference to Fig. 6.
  • From the HAC 28 the water is continuously recirculated to the sludge pond 18.
  • the electrical power generated by the generator 92 may be used to power the pumps 66.
  • Liquid is brought into an impoundment structure 100 to act as a reservoir for supply of liquid by pumps 66 to the HAC 28.
  • the compressed air generated by the HAC 28 is supplied to the turbine 90 for generation of electrical power in the manner described above.
  • the electrical power created by the generator 92 may be used to power the pumps 66.
  • the liquid discharged from the HAC 28 is directed to a recirculation or sludge pond 18 providing a source of water to be pumped by
  • liquid is supplied to the HAC 28 from either or both the impoundment structure 100 (such as a water supply like a dam) and a recirculation or sludge pond 18.
  • the HAC 28 may be, with reference to Fig. 1 , driven directly from a water source 62 such as a dam or river, with the water returned by the HAC 28 discharged below the dam or the like.
  • a water source 62 such as a dam or river
  • the HAC 28 according to the present invention need not only be used in a system including biological reaction as described with reference to Fig. 1.
  • the system 300 includes a hydraulic air compressor (HAC) 302 having and inlet 304 which may be embodied as a receiving tank 306 which feeds the shaft 308 of the HAC 302. Liquid fed into the tank 306 at the inlet 304 flows down the shaft 308 to the separation chamber 310 located vertically below the inlet 304 to impart kinetic energy to liquid falling down the shaft 308 to the separation chamber 310.
  • HAC hydraulic air compressor
  • the separation chamber 310 has an inner bell 72 and outer bell 74.
  • the outer bell 74 is closed having a bottom 76 including an impingement block 78 defining an impingement surface 80 against which the liquid flowing through the down shaft 30 impinges as it falls from the open lower end 34 of the down shaft 30.
  • the impingement surface 80 is generally cup-shaped having a central cone 82 to angularly deflect the flowing liquid into the impingement surface 80. Upon engaging the impingement surface 80 the liquid flowing from the down shaft 80 releases and breaks up the compressed air bubbles carried therewith into the inner bell 72 for collection thereof.
  • the bottom of the inner bell 72 is open and remains submerged below the liquid level maintained within the outer bell 74.
  • Level sensors 85 in the inner bell 72 sense the level of liquid to maintain the inner bell 72 submerged.
  • the sensors 85 issue signals corresponding to the liquid level in the inner bell 72 to a process controller 312 including a computer terminal 314. Air pressure in the inner bell 74 prevents flooding thereof.
  • the liquid discharged into the inner bell 72 collects and circulates from the inner bell 72 into the outer bell 74 whereupon it is carried upwardly through the outer bell 74 to an outlet 86. From the outlet 86 the liquid is directed into a pumping chamber 316 for return circulation to the inlet 304 or discharge from the system to, for example, post treatment as by chlorination.
  • the pumping station 316 may be subterranean depending upon the configuration of the HAC 304. Compressed air collected in the inner bell 72 is removed by an air line 50 from the inner bell 72.
  • the outlet 86 includes a control valve 70 in communication with the process controller 312.
  • a flow meter 318 measures the rate of liquid flow from the outlet 86 to the pumping chamber 316 and issues signals to the processor 312.
  • At least one variable speed pump 66 is disposed in the pumping chamber 316.
  • Each pump 66 has a variable speed motor controller 320 in communication with the process controller to control the circulation rate of the liquid.
  • the pumps 66 have a discharge line 322 which discharges back to the HAC inlet 304.
  • a pressure gauge 324 and flow meter 326 in communication with the process control measure the pressure and flow rate of liquid through the discharge line 322.
  • the pumps 66 can also discharge from the system to further process the liquid such as by chlorination, biological treatment or the like before discharge to the environment.
  • a settling pond 328 where solid materials are settled out of the liquid and removed as sludge.
  • the lighter liquid effluent is discharged from the settling pond 328 to a holding pond 330 to serve as the inventory of liquid for treatment. Any solid material sludges which settle in the holding pond are removed.
  • the liquid from the holding pond is sent to the pumping chamber 316 for circulation through the HAC 302.
  • the discharge 86 may discharge into the holding pond
  • make-up liquid e.g., water
  • make-up liquid may be added to the pumping chamber 316 for start-up and to make-up any deficiency of liquid to be treated.
  • a closed system may be defined for aerobically treating the effluent. Liquid is circulated though the HAC where it is aerated and mixed through the processes of compressing air, falling through the shaft 308 and impinging the impingement block 78.
  • an aerobic treatment time T can be determined. That is, the time T necessary to adequately treat the effluent volume V, given its constituency, may be calculated. After the determined treatment time T has been satisfied, the volume may be discharged for further treatment if desired.
  • the system may also include a blower or fan 60 may be provided to inject air into the fluid entering the inlet 304.
  • a pressure gauge 332 and flow meter 334 measure the pressure and flow of the injected air.
  • a manifold 336 may assist in the introduction and mixing of injected air into the liquid.
  • a variable speed motor controller 337 drives the fan 60 and is in communication with the controller 312.
  • a demister unit 338 Disposed in the compressed air line 50 is a demister unit 338 adapted and configured to remove entrained liquid for the air line 50.
  • the demister unit 338 Disposed in the compressed air line 50 is a demister unit 338 adapted and configured to remove entrained liquid for the air line 50.
  • a pressure gauge 340, flow meter 342 and temperature gauge 344 are disposed in the air line to determine pressure and volume flow rate. These gauges and meters, 340, 342 and 344 are in communication with the controller 312.
  • the compressed air is supplied to a demand therefore such as injection air for an engine or, as shown, combustion air for a gas turbine unit 90.
  • the compressed air may be passed through a recuperator 94 before being supplied to the turbine, fuel supplied, burners 346. While the drawing suggests a gas fired turbine, it should be understood that the demand for compressed air could be for an internal combustion engine providing work, steam boiler combustion air or any other demand.
  • the fuel can be propane, natural gas, a liquid fuel, coal, hydrogen or other combustible fuels.
  • the compressed air from the HAC may include combustible gases decreasing the demand for outside fuel.
  • the expansion of gases by combustion are directed though the turbine to produce work such as driving an electrical generator 92.
  • the exhaust gases from the turbine are sent to atmosphere and/or directed to the recuperator 94 to pre-heat the combustion air.
  • Temperature gauges 348, 350 sense the temperature of the exhaust gases before and after the recuperator 94 and send signals to the controller 312.
  • a power gauge 352 senses the power being produced by the generator 92.
  • a start-up compressor 354 having a motor control 356 is provided. Once the system 300 is sustaining, the compressor 354 may be shut-down.
  • the process controller 312 monitors and controls the various aspects of the system.
  • the various pump motor controls 320, fan motor control 60 as well as the sensors and gauges referenced above and shown in FIG. 9 send data to and are controlled by the controller 312. This data and control signals may be sent by wired or wireless communication techniques. Further, the controller
  • the controller 312 may be accessed and the performance of the system 300 monitored and controlled by wired, wireless may be controller 312 may be accessed by wireless, wired (LAN, WAN, Internet), cable or satellite data transmission means.
  • the system 300 can be controlled by the process controller 312 to optimize one or several outputs. For example, if the liquid does not require aerobic treatment or very little aerobic treatment and the amount of compressed air produced is to be maximized, as for operating the turbine T to maximize the power output, the controller 312 would control the fan 60 motor control to inject the maximum amount of air into the liquid and the pump motor controls 320 would operate at a speed to maximize the circulation rate of the liquid.
  • the controller 312 would operate the pump motor controls 320 to reduce the liquid circulation rate to maximize the time the liquid remains in the system 300 as well as the fan 60 motor control to inject air for aerobic treatment of the fluid.
  • Make-up air compressor 354 motor control 356 can be operated to provide additional combustion air to the turbine T.
  • FIG. 10 a further embodiment of the throat 56 disposed in the shaft 308 which is adapted to increase the velocity (and reduce the pressure) of the liquid entering the inlet 304. Proximate the exit of the throat 56 and at a location proximate the location where the liquid is at an elevated velocity, there is disposed one or more injectors 58 for injecting air into the liquid.
  • the injectors 58 may be embodied as a single pipe extending axially into the down shaft 30 or may be embodied as a bundle of pipes disposed axially in the down shaft 30 to introduce smaller diameter streams of air injected into the liquid.
  • the injectors 58 communicate with a blower or fan 60 which is adapted to deliver air through the injectors 58 into the liquid.
  • additional injectors 400 are included to inject air into the liquid.
  • the flow of liquid the velocity of which is increased by the throat, entrains and carries the injected air for compression and for aeration of the liquid.
  • biological or chemical treatment may be added such as by adding biological agents to assist in purifying sewer waste water.
  • the system 500 is shown for use in conjunction with a fish farm.
  • the fish pond 502 contains water and the fish being raised. Liquid from the fish pond 502 is circulated by a pump 504 (or the liquid may flow freely to as through a gate) to a HAC 302 where the air is aerated (oxygenated) and agitated by passing through the HAC 302. Pump 66 returns the liquid to the fish pond 502.
  • the liquid, prior to return to the fish pond 502 may be filtered or treated as by injecting ozone (0 3 ) at 504 , treating the liquid with ultraviolet light at 506 or heating or chilling the liquid at 508 to maintain the desired temperature of the pond 302.
  • the compressed air produced by the HAC may be used to further oxygenate the pond 502 as by bubbling air and/or supply compressed air as combustion air to a fuel fired turbine T.
  • a generator 92 coupled to the turbine T generates electricity which can be transferred, e.g. sold, to the local electrical grid or used to operate plant pumps, chillers and other elect ⁇ cal equipment.
  • the exhaust from the turbine T is used to operate a heater for the liquid and/or recuperator (not shown in FIG. 11).

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Aeration Devices For Treatment Of Activated Polluted Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système de réacteur biologique (10) incluant un compresseur d'air hydraulique (28). Ce système implique de fournir à un régulateur système (312) des données permettant de gérer des paramètres du système de façon à optimiser les sorties choisies et le rendement du système. Ce système est essentiellement utilisé pour le traitement aérobie d'un fluide ou la production d'air comprimé servant à alimenter en air de combustion une turbine brûlant un combustible. Ce régulateur système (312) se prête à une télésurveillance et une télécommande par voie câblée ou hertzienne.
PCT/US2002/003968 2002-02-07 2002-02-07 Procede et systeme de regulation d'un reacteur biologique Ceased WO2003066535A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2002255526A AU2002255526A1 (en) 2002-02-07 2002-02-07 Method and system for controlling a biological reactor unit
PCT/US2002/003968 WO2003066535A1 (fr) 2002-02-07 2002-02-07 Procede et systeme de regulation d'un reacteur biologique

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2002/003968 WO2003066535A1 (fr) 2002-02-07 2002-02-07 Procede et systeme de regulation d'un reacteur biologique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003066535A1 true WO2003066535A1 (fr) 2003-08-14

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PCT/US2002/003968 Ceased WO2003066535A1 (fr) 2002-02-07 2002-02-07 Procede et systeme de regulation d'un reacteur biologique

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AU (1) AU2002255526A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003066535A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008155510A1 (fr) * 2007-06-18 2008-12-24 Olatokunbo Tox Olaopa Logiciel de commande de processus pour commander le temps de rétention hydraulique dans un réacteur biologique

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4797563A (en) * 1987-07-24 1989-01-10 Richardson Timothy M Power plant
US5099648A (en) * 1988-11-08 1992-03-31 Angle Lonnie L Hydraulic air compressor and turbine apparatus
US5660724A (en) * 1996-05-28 1997-08-26 Deep Shaft Technology Inc. Multi-pressure head tank for use with vertical shaft bioreactors

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4797563A (en) * 1987-07-24 1989-01-10 Richardson Timothy M Power plant
US5099648A (en) * 1988-11-08 1992-03-31 Angle Lonnie L Hydraulic air compressor and turbine apparatus
US5660724A (en) * 1996-05-28 1997-08-26 Deep Shaft Technology Inc. Multi-pressure head tank for use with vertical shaft bioreactors

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008155510A1 (fr) * 2007-06-18 2008-12-24 Olatokunbo Tox Olaopa Logiciel de commande de processus pour commander le temps de rétention hydraulique dans un réacteur biologique
GB2461466A (en) * 2007-06-18 2010-01-06 Olatokunbo Tox Olaopa Process control software for the control of hydraulic retention time in a biological reactor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2002255526A1 (en) 2003-09-02

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