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WO2003054378A1 - Fuel injection valve - Google Patents

Fuel injection valve Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003054378A1
WO2003054378A1 PCT/DE2002/004314 DE0204314W WO03054378A1 WO 2003054378 A1 WO2003054378 A1 WO 2003054378A1 DE 0204314 W DE0204314 W DE 0204314W WO 03054378 A1 WO03054378 A1 WO 03054378A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuel injection
actuator
injection valve
valve according
compensation element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/DE2002/004314
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Klaus Joos
Jens Wolber
Thomas Frenz
Markus Amler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of WO2003054378A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003054378A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/167—Means for compensating clearance or thermal expansion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/08—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series the valves opening in direction of fuel flow

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injector according to the type of the main claim.
  • a fuel injection valve for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines is known from DE 198 49 203 203. It comprises a valve closing body, which cooperates with a valve seat body to form a sealing seat, and a piezoelectric actuator for actuating the valve closing body.
  • the piezoelectric actuator comprises piezo layers and one or more temperature compensation layers.
  • the temperature compensation layers have a temperature expansion coefficient, the sign of which is opposite to the temperature expansion coefficient of the piezo layers.
  • a fuel injection valve for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines which has a first piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuator, a valve closing body which can be actuated by the first actuator by means of a valve needle and which cooperates with a valve seat surface to form a sealing seat, and a second piezoelectric or has a magnetostrictive actuator which acts against the first actuator on the valve needle.
  • the actuators are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the fuel injection valve and are connected to one another by a bearing element which is mounted in a stationary manner in the fuel injection valve.
  • a disadvantage of the fuel injector known from DE 198 49 203 A1 is that the temperature compensation takes place by means of special layers within the actuator, the material of these temperature compensation layers having an opposite temperature expansion. This leads to problems, particularly in the case of fast dynamic processes, since the different materials behave differently due to the different coefficients of thermal expansion. In addition, a special actuator with temperature compensation layers must be developed.
  • a disadvantage of the method known from DE 199 18 976 AI fuel injection valve is caused by the axially offset arrangement of the actuators great overall length, the 'also with a broadening of the fuel injection valve, which is caused by the bearing of the bearing plate is associated.
  • the he fuel injector according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that the compensation element has the same overall length as the actuator.
  • the nesting of the piezoelectric actuator and the compensation element allows an extremely compact design of the fuel injector to be realized.
  • the compensation element and the actuator consist of the same material, so that a complete compensation of a temperature-related expansion is possible with the same dynamic behavior.
  • the temperature compensation can be achieved in a simple manner by reversing the direction of expansion of the actuator and the compensation element, which cancel each other out.
  • a further advantage is that the actuator chamber can be sealed off from the valve interior by a simple sealing element without the actuator having to be encapsulated in a complex manner.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a fuel injector designed according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic section along the section line designated II -II through the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 of a fuel injection valve according to the invention. Description of the embodiment
  • the fuel injection valve 1 shows a highly schematic sectional illustration of a longitudinal section through a fuel injection valve 1 designed according to the invention.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 is designed as a fuel injection valve 1 for mixture-compressing, spark-ignition internal combustion engines. It is particularly suitable for injecting fuel directly into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 comprises a housing 2, in which a piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuator 3 is arranged.
  • the piezoelectric actuator 3 can be constructed, for example, from a plurality of piezoelectric layers glued together.
  • the actuator 3 is supported with its inlet end 4 on an end plate 5.
  • a biasing spring 6 is arranged between the end plate 5 and the housing 2.
  • the actuator 3 is supported with an outflow end 7 on a stem-shaped inlet end 8 'of a valve needle 9.
  • the valve needle 9 has at its downstream end 10 a valve closing body 11 which forms a sealing seat with a valve seat surface 12 formed on the housing 2 of the fuel injection valve 1.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 opens outward.
  • valve needle 9 is biased by a return spring 13 clamped between the housing 2 and the stem-shaped, inlet end 8 of the valve needle 9 so that the valve closing body 11 is held in sealing contact with the valve seat surface 12.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 has a compensation element 14 which is tubular. In a central recess 15 of the Compensation element 14, the piezoelectric actuator 3 is arranged.
  • the compensation element 14 has the same overall length as the actuator 3.
  • Compensation element 14 is also supported on the end plate 5 with an inlet end 16.
  • An outflow end 17 of the compensation element 14 rests on a shoulder 18, which is either integral with the
  • Housing 2 is formed or connected to it in a suitable manner, for example by welding or soldering.
  • a sealing element 19 is formed, which seals an actuator space 20 on the inlet side of the sealing element 19 against a valve interior 21 on the outlet side of the sealing element 19.
  • the actuator 3 expands in an outflow direction against the force of the return spring 13.
  • the stem-shaped end 8 of the valve needle 9 is also moved in the outflow direction with the valve needle 9 which is operatively connected to it.
  • the valve closing body 11 connected to the valve needle 9 lifts off the valve seat surface 12, as a result of which the fuel injection valve 1 is opened and fuel is sprayed into the combustion chamber.
  • a compensation element 14 according to the invention is provided.
  • the compensation element 14, downstream with seinem- end 17 is fixed to the housing, the compensation element 14 can only expand counter to the outflow direction, so the direction of the temperature-related expansion of the compensation element 14 is opposite to the temperature-related change in length of the actuator 3.
  • the compensation element 14 presses the end plate 5 against the force of the biasing spring 6 against the outflow direction when heated.
  • the compensating element 14 and the actuator 3 are preferably made of the same material, their Temperaturausdehnungs- 'coefficient is equal, so that a temperature-induced change in length of actuator 3, which would without compensation result in an undesired opening of the fuel injector 1, is compensated. Due to the same material, rapid temperature changes, for example when starting the internal combustion engine, can be intercepted without malfunction of the fuel injector 1.
  • the identical overall length of the actuator 3 and the compensation element 14 ensures a very precisely adjustable compensation of the temperature-related change in length.
  • the invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment and, for example, for agnetostriktive actuators 3, for other forms of 'compensation elements 14 as well as for arbitrary designs of fuel injectors 1 applicable.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

A fuel injection valve (1) for directly injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine comprises a piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuator (3) and a valve closing body (11), which can be actuated by said actuator (3) via a valve needle (9) and which interacts with a valve seat surface (12) to form a sealing seat. The fuel injection valve also comprises a compensating element (14). The actuator (3) and the compensating element (14) have the same overall length and the same temperature expansion behavior, whereby the actuator (3) passes through the compensation element (14) along the entire length via a recess (15) of the compensating element (14).

Description

Brennstoffeinspritzventil Fuel injector

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach der Gattung des Haupt nspruchs .The invention relates to a fuel injector according to the type of the main claim.

Beispielsweise ist aus der DE 198 49. 203 AI ein Brennstoffeinspritzventil für Brennstoffeinspritzanlagen von Brennkraftmaschinen bekannt . Es umfaßt einen Ventilschließkörper, der mit einem Ventilsitzkörper zu einem Dichtsitz zusammenwirkt, und einen piezoelektrischen Aktor zur Betätigung des Ventilschließkörpers . Der piezoelektrische Aktor umfaßt Piezo-Schichten und eine oder mehrere Temperaturkompensations-Schichten . Die Temperaturkompensations- Schichten haben einen Temperaturausdehnungs -Koeffizienten, dessen Vorzeichen dem Temperaturausdehnungs-Koeffizienten der Piezo-Schichten entgegengesetzt ist.For example, a fuel injection valve for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines is known from DE 198 49 203 203. It comprises a valve closing body, which cooperates with a valve seat body to form a sealing seat, and a piezoelectric actuator for actuating the valve closing body. The piezoelectric actuator comprises piezo layers and one or more temperature compensation layers. The temperature compensation layers have a temperature expansion coefficient, the sign of which is opposite to the temperature expansion coefficient of the piezo layers.

Weiterhin ist aus der DE 199 18 976 AI ein Brennstoffeinspritzventil für Brennstoffeinspritzanlagen von Brennkraftmaschinen bekannt, welches .einen ersten piezoelektrischen oder magnetostriktiven Aktor, eine von dem ersten Aktor mittels einer Ventilnadel betätigbaren Ventilschließkδrper, der mit einer Ventilsitzfläche zu einem Dichtsitz zusammenwirkt, und einen zweiten piezoelektrischen oder magnetostriktiven Aktor aufweist, der entgegen dem ersten Aktor auf die Ventilnadel einwirkt. Dabei sind die Aktoren in Längsrichtung des Brennstoffeinspritzventils hintereinander angeordnet und durch ein Lagerelement miteinander verbunden, das in dem Brennstoffeinspritzventil ortsfest gelagert ist.Furthermore, from DE 199 18 976 A1 a fuel injection valve for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines is known which has a first piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuator, a valve closing body which can be actuated by the first actuator by means of a valve needle and which cooperates with a valve seat surface to form a sealing seat, and a second piezoelectric or has a magnetostrictive actuator which acts against the first actuator on the valve needle. The actuators are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the fuel injection valve and are connected to one another by a bearing element which is mounted in a stationary manner in the fuel injection valve.

Nachteilig an dem aus der DE 198 49 203 AI bekannten Brennstoffeinspritzventil ist von- Nachteil, daß die Temperaturkompensation durch spezielle Schichten innerhalb des Aktors erfolgt, wobei das Material dieser Temperatur- kompensationsschichten eine entgegengerichtete Temperaturausdehnung aufweist. Dies führt insbesondere bei schnellen dynamischen Vorgängen zu Problemen, da sich die verschiedenen Materialien bedingt durch die unterschiedlichen Temperaturausdehnungs-Koeffizienten anders verhalten. Außerdem muß ein spezieller Aktor mit Temperaturkompensationsschichten entwickelt werden.A disadvantage of the fuel injector known from DE 198 49 203 A1 is that the temperature compensation takes place by means of special layers within the actuator, the material of these temperature compensation layers having an opposite temperature expansion. This leads to problems, particularly in the case of fast dynamic processes, since the different materials behave differently due to the different coefficients of thermal expansion. In addition, a special actuator with temperature compensation layers must be developed.

Nachteilig bei dem aus der DE 199 18 976 AI bekannten Brennstoffeinspritzventil ist die durch die axial versetzte Anordnung der Aktoren bedingte große Baulänge, die' zudem mit einer Verbreiterung des Brennstoffeinspritzventils , die durch die Lagerung der Lagerplatte bedingt ist, einhergeht.A disadvantage of the method known from DE 199 18 976 AI fuel injection valve is caused by the axially offset arrangement of the actuators great overall length, the 'also with a broadening of the fuel injection valve, which is caused by the bearing of the bearing plate is associated.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Das er indungsgemäße Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß das Kompensationselement die gleiche Baulänge aufweist wie der Aktor. Durch die Ineinanderschachtelung des piezoelektrischen Aktors und des Kompensationselements kann eine äußerst kompakte Bauform des Brennstoffeinspritzventils realisiert werden.The he fuel injector according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that the compensation element has the same overall length as the actuator. The nesting of the piezoelectric actuator and the compensation element allows an extremely compact design of the fuel injector to be realized.

Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterentwicklungen des im Hauptanspruch angegebenen Brennstoffeinspritzventils möglich.- Vorteilhafterweise bestehen das Kompensationselement und der Aktor aus dem gleichen Material, so daß eine vollständige Kompensation einer temperaturbedingten Ausdehnung bei gleichem dynamischen Verhalten ermöglicht wird.Advantageous further developments of the fuel injector specified in the main claim are possible through the measures listed in the subclaims. Advantageously, the compensation element and the actuator consist of the same material, so that a complete compensation of a temperature-related expansion is possible with the same dynamic behavior.

Weiterhin ist von Vorteil, daß die Anordnung des Kompensationselements und des Aktors durch eine einfache Stützkonstruktion, welche eine Stirnplatte und eine ortsfest mit dem Gehäuse des Brennstoffeinspritzventils verbundene Schulter umfaßt, ohne komplizierte bauliche Maßnahmen möglich ist.It is also advantageous that the arrangement of the compensation element and the actuator is possible without complicated structural measures by means of a simple support structure, which comprises an end plate and a shoulder fixedly connected to the housing of the fuel injector.

Die Temperaturkompensation kann in einfacher Weise durch eine Richtungsumkehr der Ausdehnungsrichtung des Aktors und des Kompensationselements, die sich gegeneinander aufheben, erzielt werden.The temperature compensation can be achieved in a simple manner by reversing the direction of expansion of the actuator and the compensation element, which cancel each other out.

Weiterhin ist von Vorteil, daß die Abdichtung des Aktorraums gegen Ventilinnenraum durch ein einfaches Dichtelement erfolgen kann, ohne daß der Aktor in aufwendiger Weise gekapselt werden muß.A further advantage is that the actuator chamber can be sealed off from the valve interior by a simple sealing element without the actuator having to be encapsulated in a complex manner.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung vereinfacht dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:An embodiment of the invention is shown in simplified form in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. Show it:

Fig. 1 eine schematische Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäß ausgestalteten Brennstoffeinspritzventils , undFig. 1 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a fuel injector designed according to the invention, and

Fig. 2 einen schematischen Schnitt entlang der mit II -II bezeichneten Schnittlinie durch das in Fig. 1 dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennsto feinspritzventils . Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielsFig. 2 is a schematic section along the section line designated II -II through the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 of a fuel injection valve according to the invention. Description of the embodiment

Fig. 1 zeigt in - einer stark schematisierten Schnittdarstellung einen Längsschnitt durch ein erfindungsgemäß ausgestaltetes Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 ist als Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 für gemischverdichtende, fremdgezündete Brennkraftmaschinen ausgebildet. Es eignet sich insbesondere zum direkten Einspritzen von Brennstoff in den Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine.1 shows a highly schematic sectional illustration of a longitudinal section through a fuel injection valve 1 designed according to the invention. The fuel injection valve 1 is designed as a fuel injection valve 1 for mixture-compressing, spark-ignition internal combustion engines. It is particularly suitable for injecting fuel directly into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.

Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 umfaßt ein Gehäuse 2, in welchem ein piezoelektrischer oder magnetostriktiver Aktor 3 angeordnet ist. Der piezoelektrische Aktor 3 kann dabei beispielsweise aus mehreren miteinander verklebten piezoelektrischen Schichten aufgebaut sein. Der Aktor 3 stützt sich mit seinem zulaufseitigen Ende 4 an einer Stirnplatte 5 ab. Zwischen der Stirnplatte 5 und dem Gehäuse 2 ist eine Vorspannfeder 6 angeordnet .The fuel injection valve 1 comprises a housing 2, in which a piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuator 3 is arranged. The piezoelectric actuator 3 can be constructed, for example, from a plurality of piezoelectric layers glued together. The actuator 3 is supported with its inlet end 4 on an end plate 5. A biasing spring 6 is arranged between the end plate 5 and the housing 2.

Der Aktor 3 stützt sich mit einem abströmseitigen Ende 7 an einem stempeiförmig ausgebildeten zulaufseitigen Ende 8' einer Ventilnadel 9 ab. Die Ventilnadel 9 weist an ihrem abströmseitigen Ende 10 einen Ventilschließkörper 11 auf, der mit einer an dem Gehäuse 2 des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 ausgebildeten Ventilsitzfläche 12 einen Dichtsitz bildet. Im Ausführungsbeispiel handelt es sich um ein nach außen öffnendes Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1.The actuator 3 is supported with an outflow end 7 on a stem-shaped inlet end 8 'of a valve needle 9. The valve needle 9 has at its downstream end 10 a valve closing body 11 which forms a sealing seat with a valve seat surface 12 formed on the housing 2 of the fuel injection valve 1. In the exemplary embodiment, the fuel injection valve 1 opens outward.

Die Ventilnadel 9 wird durch eine zwischen dem Gehäuse 2 und dem stempeiförmigen, zulauf seitigen Ende 8 der Ventilnadel 9 eingespannte Rückstellfeder 13 so mit einer Vorspannung beauf schlagt , daß der Ventilschließkörper 11 in dichtender Anlage an der Ventilsitzfläche 12 gehalten wird .The valve needle 9 is biased by a return spring 13 clamped between the housing 2 and the stem-shaped, inlet end 8 of the valve needle 9 so that the valve closing body 11 is held in sealing contact with the valve seat surface 12.

Erfindungsgemäß weist das Brennstof f einspritzvent il 1 ein Kompensationselement 14 auf , welches rohrförmig ausgebildet ist . In einer zentralen Ausnehmung 15 des Kompensationselements 14 ist der piezoelektrische Aktor 3 angeordnet. Das Kompensationselement 14 weist dabei die gleiche Baulänge wie der Aktor 3 auf. DasAccording to the invention, the fuel injection valve 1 has a compensation element 14 which is tubular. In a central recess 15 of the Compensation element 14, the piezoelectric actuator 3 is arranged. The compensation element 14 has the same overall length as the actuator 3. The

Kompensationselement 14 stützt sich mit einem zulaufseitigen Ende 16 ebenfalls an der Stirnplatte 5 ab. Ein abströmseitiges Ende 17 des Kompensationselements 14 ruht auf einer Schulter 18, welche entweder einteilig mit demCompensation element 14 is also supported on the end plate 5 with an inlet end 16. An outflow end 17 of the compensation element 14 rests on a shoulder 18, which is either integral with the

Gehäuse 2 ausgebildet ist oder in geeigneter Weise, beispielsweise durch Schweißen oder Löten, mit diesem verbunden ist.Housing 2 is formed or connected to it in a suitable manner, for example by welding or soldering.

Zwischen dem stempeiförmigen zulaufseitigen Ende 8 der Ventilnadel 9 und der Schulter 18 des Gehäuses 2 ist ein Dichtelement 19 ausgebildet, welches einen Aktorraum 20 zulaufseitig des Dichtelements 19 gegen einen Ventilinnenraum 21 ablaufseitig des Dichtelements 19 abdichtet .Between the stem-shaped inlet end 8 of the valve needle 9 and the shoulder 18 of the housing 2, a sealing element 19 is formed, which seals an actuator space 20 on the inlet side of the sealing element 19 against a valve interior 21 on the outlet side of the sealing element 19.

Wird dem piezoelektrischen Aktor 3 über eine nicht weiter dargestellte elektrische Leitung eine elektrische Erregerspannung zugeführt, dehnt sich der Aktor 3 in einer Abströmrichtung entgegen der Kraft der Rückstellfeder 13 aus. Dadurch wird das stempeiförmige Ende 8 der Ventilnadel 9 mit der mit diesem in Wirkverbindung stehenden Ventilnadel 9 ebenfalls in Abströmrichtung bewegt. Dadurch hebt der mit der Ventilnadel 9 verbundene Ventilschließkörper 11 von der« Ventilsitzfläche 12 ab, wodurch das. Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 geöffnet und Brennstoff in den Brennraum abgespritzt wird.If an electrical excitation voltage is supplied to the piezoelectric actuator 3 via an electrical line (not shown), the actuator 3 expands in an outflow direction against the force of the return spring 13. As a result, the stem-shaped end 8 of the valve needle 9 is also moved in the outflow direction with the valve needle 9 which is operatively connected to it. As a result, the valve closing body 11 connected to the valve needle 9 lifts off the valve seat surface 12, as a result of which the fuel injection valve 1 is opened and fuel is sprayed into the combustion chamber.

Wird die den Aktor 3 erregende Spannung abgeschaltet, zieht sich der Aktor 3 zusammen, wodurch die Rückstellf der 13 die Ventilnadel 9 durch Druck auf das stempeiförmige Ende 8 der Ventilnadel 9 in ihre Ausgangslage reponiert . Dadurch setzt der mit der Ventilnadel 9 verbundene Ventilschließkörper 11 auf der Ventilsitzfläche 12 auf, wodurch das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 geschlossen wird. Damit die bei Betrieb eines Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 auftretenden hohen Temperaturen bzw. die starken Temperaturschwankungen nicht zu Fehlfunktionen des" Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 durch eine temperaturbedingte Ausdehnung des Aktors 3 führen, ist erfindungsgemäß ein Kompensationselement 14 vorgesehen. Dadurch, daß das Kompensationselement 14 sich mit seinem- abströmseitigen Ende 17 gehäusefest abstützt, kann sich das Kompensationselement 14 nur entgegen der Abströmrichtung ausdehnen. Die Richtung der temperaturbedingten Ausdehnung des Kompensationselements 14 ist somit entgegengesetzt zur temperaturbedingten Längenänderung des Aktors 3 gerichtet .If the voltage exciting the actuator 3 is switched off, the actuator 3 contracts, as a result of which the reset valve 13 repositions the valve needle 9 into its initial position by pressing on the stem-shaped end 8 of the valve needle 9. As a result, the valve closing body 11 connected to the valve needle 9 rests on the valve seat surface 12, as a result of which the fuel injection valve 1 is closed. Thus do not lead which occur during operation of a fuel injection valve 1, high temperatures or large temperature fluctuations in malfunction of the "fuel injection valve 1 by a temperature-dependent expansion of the actuator 3, a compensation element 14 according to the invention is provided. The fact that the compensation element 14, downstream with seinem- end 17 is fixed to the housing, the compensation element 14 can only expand counter to the outflow direction, so the direction of the temperature-related expansion of the compensation element 14 is opposite to the temperature-related change in length of the actuator 3.

Bedingt durch die Ausdehnung drückt das Kompensationselement 14 bei Erwärmung die Stirnplatte 5 entgegen der Kraft der Vorspannfeder 6 entgegen der Abströmrichtung. Da das Kompensationselement 14 und der Aktor 3 vorzugsweise aus dem gleichen Material bestehen, ist ihr Temperaturausdehnungs-' Koeffizient gleich, so daß eine temperaturbedingte Längenänderung des Aktors 3, welche ohne Kompensation zu einem unerwünschten Öffnen des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 führen würde, kompensiert wird. Bedingt durch das gleiche Material können auch schnelle Temperaturänderungen wie beispielsweise beim Starten der Brennkraftmaschine ohne Fehlfunktionen des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 abgefangen werden. Die identische Baulänge des Aktors 3 und des Kompensationselements 14 sorgt für eine sehr genau einstellbare Kompensation der temperaturbedingten Längenänderung .Due to the expansion, the compensation element 14 presses the end plate 5 against the force of the biasing spring 6 against the outflow direction when heated. As the compensating element 14 and the actuator 3 are preferably made of the same material, their Temperaturausdehnungs- 'coefficient is equal, so that a temperature-induced change in length of actuator 3, which would without compensation result in an undesired opening of the fuel injector 1, is compensated. Due to the same material, rapid temperature changes, for example when starting the internal combustion engine, can be intercepted without malfunction of the fuel injector 1. The identical overall length of the actuator 3 and the compensation element 14 ensures a very precisely adjustable compensation of the temperature-related change in length.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf das dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt und zum Beispiel auch für agnetostriktive Aktoren 3, für andere Formen von' Kompensationselementen 14 sowie für beliebige Bauweisen von Brennstoffeinspritzventilen 1 anwendbar. The invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment and, for example, for agnetostriktive actuators 3, for other forms of 'compensation elements 14 as well as for arbitrary designs of fuel injectors 1 applicable.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations 1. Brennstoffeinspritzventil (1) zum direkten Einspritzen von Brennstoff in einen Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine, mit einem piezoelektrischen oder magnetostriktiven Aktor1. Fuel injection valve (1) for the direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, with a piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuator (3), einem von dem Aktor (3) betätigbaren(3), one that can be actuated by the actuator (3) Ventilschließkörper (11) , der mit einer Ventilsitzfläche (12) zu einem Dichtsitz zusammenwirkt, und einem Kompensationselement (14), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Aktor (3) und das Kompensationselement (14) die gleiche Baulänge und/oder das gleiche Temperaturausdehnungsverhalten aufweisen und der Aktor (3) das Kompensationselement (14) auf ganzer Länge durch eine t Ausnehmung (15) des Kompensationselements (14) durchgreift.Valve closing body (11), which cooperates with a valve seat surface (12) to form a sealing seat, and a compensation element (14), characterized in that the actuator (3) and the compensation element (14) have the same overall length and / or the same temperature expansion behavior and the actuator (3) along its entire length by a t the recess (15) of the compensation element (14) passes through the compensating element (14). 2. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Aktor (3) und das Kompensationselement (14) aus dem gleichen Material, insbesondere mit den gleichen Temperaturausdehnungskoeffizienten, bestehen .2. Fuel injection valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuator (3) and the compensation element (14) consist of the same material, in particular with the same temperature expansion coefficient. 3. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Ausdehnungsrichtung des Kompensationselements (14) entgegengesetzt zu einer Ausdehnungsrichtung . des Aktors (3). gerichtet ist. 3. Fuel injection valve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that an expansion direction of the compensation element (14) opposite to an expansion direction. the actuator (3) . is directed. 4. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich der Aktor (3) mit einem zulaufseitigen Ende (4) an einer Stirnplatte (5) abstützt.4. Fuel injection valve according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the actuator (3) is supported with an inlet end (4) on an end plate (5). 5. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich das Kompensationselement (14) mit einem zulaufseitigen Ende (16) an der Stirnplatte (5) abstützt.5. Fuel injection valve according to claim 4, characterized in that the compensation element (14) is supported with an inlet end (16) on the end plate (5). 6. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen einem Gehäuse (2) des Brennstoffeinspritzventils (1) und der Stirnplatte (5) eine Vorspannfeder (6) angeordnet ist.6. Fuel injection valve according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that a biasing spring (6) is arranged between a housing (2) of the fuel injection valve (1) and the end plate (5). 7. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, sich der Aktor (3) mit einem abströmseitigen Ende (7) an einem stempeiförmigen zulaufseitigen Ende (8) einer Ventilnadel (9) abstützt.7. Fuel injection valve according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the actuator (3) is supported with a downstream end (7) on a stem-shaped inlet end (8) of a valve needle (9). 8. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich das Kompensationselement (14) mit einem abströmseitigen Ende (17) an einer Schulter (18) des Gehäuses (2) des Brennstoffeinspritzventils (1) abstützt.8. Fuel injection valve according to claim 7, characterized in that the compensation element (14) with an outflow end (17) on a shoulder (18) of the housing (2) of the fuel injector (1) is supported. 9. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schulter (18) einstückig mit dem Gehäuse (2) ausgebildet oder in geeigneter Weise mit diesem verbunden ist .9. Fuel injection valve according to claim 8, characterized in that the shoulder (18) is integrally formed with the housing (2) or is connected to it in a suitable manner. 10. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen dem zulaufseitigen stempeiförmigen Ende (8) der Ventilnadel (9) und der Schulter (18) des Gehäuses (2) ein Dichtelement (19) ausgebildet ist.10. Fuel injection valve according to claim 9, characterized in that that a sealing element (19) is formed between the inlet-side stem-shaped end (8) of the valve needle (9) and the shoulder (18) of the housing (2). 11. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein zulaufseitig - des Dichtelements " (19) " ausgebildeter Aktorraum (20) durch das Dichtelement (19) gegen einen ablaufseitig des Dichtelements (19) ausgebildeten Ventilinnenraum (21) abgedichtet ist. 11. Fuel injection valve according to claim 10, characterized in that an inlet side - the sealing element " (19) " trained actuator space (20) by the sealing element (19) is sealed against an outlet side of the sealing element (19) formed valve interior (21).
PCT/DE2002/004314 2001-12-05 2002-11-25 Fuel injection valve Ceased WO2003054378A1 (en)

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WO2008128824A1 (en) * 2007-04-19 2008-10-30 Continental Automotive Gmbh Actuator unit for an injection valve, and injection valve

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CN100583481C (en) 2003-11-20 2010-01-20 瓦伊金技术有限公司 Integral Thermal Compensation for Electromechanical Drives
DE102004001679B4 (en) * 2004-01-12 2009-01-08 Continental Automotive Gmbh Piezo actuator with means for compensation of the thermal length change and fuel injection valve with piezoelectric actuator

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