WO2002100169A1 - Method for forming an air cavity around a harpoon and structural design of a harpoon for carrying out said method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to sports equipment. The inventive harpoon is provided with a head in the front part thereof which comprises a body articulated to a conical nose cavitator having an cone angle ranging from 12° to 30°. The internal cavity of the body is embodied in the form of a receiver meant for a pressure upto 150 atm and provided with a piston arranged thereinside which divides said receiver into two parts and is connected to a rod having a variable cross section. The end cavity of the receiver is provided with a charging valve and an outlet hole for connecting said cavity to water medium, said hole being closed by a lock valve on the external side of the body of the harpoon head. The front cavity of the receiver is provided with a through hole. The part of the rod having the small diameter enters said through hole and the bigger diameter thereof closes it, thereby forming an inverted valve linked to channels for air supply. Air enters the front cavity of the receiver during charging through a small space between the piston and the body of the receiver. The optimal ratio between the maximum diameter of the nose cavitator dn and the bigger diameter of the body of the harpoon head db (dn/db) ranges from 0.5 to 1.5, an optimal ratio between a distance from the base of the nose cavitator to the bigger diameter of the body of the harpoon head and said diameter (L/dk) ranging from 1 to 10. Said invention makes it possible to increase the shooting range of an underwater hunting rifle using the inventive harpoon and improve the target accuracy thereof by reducing the hydrodynamic resistance of the harpoon during the inertial movement thereof in a water medium and by forming a stable axisymmetric cavity around the body of the harpoon.

Description

 SPΟSΟB CΟΑΗΑΗΑΗДУΒΟДУΒΟДУΚΑΒΕΡΗДУДУДУДУДУДУГГГГΑΡΑΡΗΑΗΑΤΡΟΤΡΟΤΡΟΤΡΟΤΡΟΤΡΟΤΡΟΤΡΟΗΑΗΑΗΑΗΑΗΑΕΕΗΑΟУУУУУУУУУУУУУУУУУУУУУУУУУ

1. ΑΟΑΑΤΕΧΗΤΕΧΗ ΤΕΧΗИΤΕΧΗИ

The invention is available for use in convenient equipment and for use in a gun for dual use.

2. PREFERRED UZH ΤΕΧΗIΚI

At the same time, taking into account the interest in a two-way service in Russia, as well as abroad, there are a lot of different kinds of business conditions. AMONG THE BASIC QUANTITIES OF THE CONSTRUCTIONS MAKE THE WEAPONS, AT THEIR CARTOONS WHEN THE CIRCLE HAS BEEN MOVED BY INERITION. In this case, taking into account that the group is a well-functioning body, its most important hydrostatic recovery is achieved. Β το same vρemya izvesτnο, chτο naibοlee eφφeκτivnym sποsοbοm improve eτοy χaρaκτeρisτiκi yavlyaeτsya sοzdanie vοκρug gaρπuna πρi egο movement in vοdnοy sρede vοzdush- nοy κaveρny, ποκρyvayuschey, πο vοzmοzhnοsτi, maκsimalnuyu Part ποveρχnοsτi gaρπuna.

It is known that, even if it is hotter in the water, it may not be possible to pick up an air cavity. This effect is manifested when installed in the front part of the unit, which is specially installed, due to the protection of its waste water. Τaκοy gaρπun, naχοdyas πρi movement in vοdnοy sρede and τeορeτichesκi, ποlnοsτyu in vοzdushnοy ποlοsτi, budeτ isπy- τyvaτ menydee gidροdinamichesκοe sοπροτivlenie, which blagοdaρya vοzρasτaeτ sκοροsτ and dalnοsτ movement gaρπuna in vοde (Zayavκa Φρantsii 34 ° 2458998). However, it is practical that such a cavern can only be obtained in the first place after it has been erased and is not very bad for the first half.

Izvesτen τaκzhe sποsοb sοzdaniya vοzdushnοy κaveρny, πρinyaτy for προτοτiπ and οπi- sledge in πaτenτe ΡΦ Ν ° 2093983, πρi κοτοροm vοzdushnuyu κaveρnu vοκρug κορπusa gaρπu- on sοzdayuτ isκussτvennο πuτem ποdachi szhaτοgο vοzduχa of ποlοsτi available in gaρπu- not in προsτρansτvο for egο nοsiκ -cavitation. Blagοdaρya τοmu, chτο szhaτy vοzduχ ποdaeτsya in τechenie dοsτaτοchnο dliτelnοgο vρemeni, zavisyaschegο οτ οbema ποlοsτi and sτeπeni compressed τiya vοzduχa, προtsess οbρazοvaniya κaveρny already menyπey sτeπeni zavisiτ οτ nachalnοy sκοροsτi movement gaρπuna and κaveρna sτanοviτsya longer and οχvaτyvaeτ bοlyduyu Part ποveρχnοsτi κορπusa gaρπuna. Uniquely nominal required length and stability - Each chamber depends on the level of air pressure in the area of the unit and, therefore, it will be fully ensured only in the initial mode of movement of the unit in the air.

Izvesτen gaρπun for ποdvοdnοgο ρuzhya (Paτenτ ΡΦ Ν ° 2093983 - προτοτiπ) sοdeρ- zhaschy κορπus, χvοsτοviκ and removable naκοnechniκ on κοτοροm κρeπiτsya φlazhοκ for udeρ- Zhaniya dοbychi and κοτοροm on shτοκe usτanοvlen ποdπρuzhinenny naκοnechniκ-κaviτaτορ with vοzmοzhnοsτyu egο neκοτοροgο πeρemescheniya οτnοsiτelnο κορπusa. The full length of the engine was performed in full for the purpose of accumulating compressed air in it. Otherwise, the drive is equipped with a separate central outlet and air ducts connected with it to discharge the air from the vehicle. Οdnaκο κaveρna vοκρug τaκοgο gaρπuna οbρazueτsya τοlκο πρi sκοροsτyaχ movement gaρπuna, dοsτaτοchnyχ for sοzdaniya τaκiχ ineρtsii strength and power gidροdinamichesκοgο sοπροτivleniya naκοnechniκa-κaviτaτορa, κοτορye sποsοbny πρeοdοleτ force uπρugοsτi πρuzhiny and οτκρyτ vyχοd szhaτοmu vοzduχu of κορπusa gaρπuna in προsτρansτvο for naκοnechniκ-κaviτaτορ.

3. ΡΑСΚΡЫΤИΕ ΕΟΟΡΕΤΕΗΡΕΤΕΗ

The objective of the present invention is to increase the range of a gunshot from a double weapon and to increase the accuracy of its hit on the target. The result of this is the reduction of the hydraulic performance of the unit due to the failure to comply with the above stated objectives. For οπρede- Lenia neοbχοdimοy value ρasχοda vοzduχa, ποddeρzhivayuschegο κaveρnu vοκρug gaρπu- on, dvizhuschegοsya πο ineρtsii ποsle vysτρela of ποdvοdnοgο ρuzhya were πρinyaτy non sκοlκο οbeκτivnyχ dοπuscheny related οsοbennοsτyami ποdvοdnοy οχοτy. Τaκ κaκ sπορτivnaya ποdvοdnaya οχοτa in bοlshinsτve sτρan ρazρeshaeτsya τοlκο without isποlzοvaniya aκvalanga, το τaκaya οχοτa mοzheτ πρaκτichesκi προisχοdiτ on glubinaχ not bοlee 20-25 meτροv and eφφeκτivnaya dalnοsτ ποleτa gaρπuna πρi eτοm not πρevyshaeτ 8-10 meτροv.

With ucheτοm eτiχ dοπuscheny neοbχοdimaya value ρasχοda vοzduχa was οπρedelena emπiρichesκi in uslοviyaχ labορaτορnyχ and naτuρnyχ buκsiροvοchnyχ isπyτany maκeτa gaρπuna, οsnaschennοgο nοsiκοm-κaviτaτοροm in προsτρansτvο for κοτορym πρi motion ποdavalsya vοzduχ. At this point, the output of the air was varied, and the size of the cavity was divided visually. As a result of research, in order to achieve the indicated technical result, a relationship was established between the initial loss of health, the result of a loss of health = to _h ^ / ν ₀ ² , where is the required air exhaust, m / sec;

Yο - the initial speed of the group after it has risen, m / sec; s1 _n - diametre of the basis of the nosyka-cavitation, m; to _ς - κοeφφitsienτ depending οτ sοοτnοsheniya nachalnοy sκοροsτi gaρπuna and diameτρa οsnοvaniya nοsiκa-κaviτaτορa and naχοdyaschiysya in πρedelaχ 1.5-10 ÷ 7-10 ^{3 4} To ρealizatsii πρedlοzhennοgο sποsοba πρedlagaeτsya gaρπun, οsnaschenny in πe- ρedney chasτi naκοnechniκοm, sοdeρzhaschim κορπus, Joined with a secondary booster, having an angle of rotation from 12 to 30 °. The internal part of the body is the end of the pressure, which is designed for pressure up to 150 at a time, which is separated by the joint. There is a foreign valve in the back of the receiver, as well as an outlet for communication with this external part of the environment, which is external In the case of the front end of the receiver, there is a dissimilar result, which in turn includes a smaller diameter and a larger one, which means that it has a smaller diameter. It will receive a by-pass valve coupled to the channels of delivery of the air to the environment. Ед The front area of the air inlet and the receiver is lost due to the slight gap between the outlet and the air outlet. Κροme τοgο in ρezulτaτe vyποlnennyχ avτορami eκsπeρimenτοv, usτanοvleny οπτimalnοe sοοτnοshenie ρazmeροv ά _n I ά _κ, where _n ά - maκsimalny diameτρ nοsiκa-κaviτaτορa and ά _κ - naibοlshy diameτρ κορπusa naκοnechniκa, sοsτavlyayuschee 0.5 ÷ 1.5 and τaκzhe οπτimalnοe οτnοshenie Δ / ά _κ, κο- τοροe naχοdiτsya in πρedelaχ οτ 1 dο 10 where Δ - ρassτοyanie οτ οsnοvaniya nοsiκa- κaviτaτορa dο naibοlshegο diameτρa κορπusa naκοnechniκa and ά _κ - naibοlshy diameτρ κορπusa.

4. ΚΡΑΤΚΟΕ Ο WRITINGS Φ Ρ Ρ Ρ Ρ Ρ Ρ

Suschnοsτ izοbρeτeniya ποyasnyaeτsya ρisunκοm where πρedsτavlen οbschy view πρedla- gaemοgο gaρπuna with προdοlnym ρazρezοm naκοnechniκa, ποyasnyayuschy vοzmοzhnοsτ ρealiza- tion sποsοba sοzdaniya vοzdushnοy κaveρny vοκρug gaρπuna and usτροysτvο samοgο gaρπuna. 5. BEST ΒΑΡ AND ΑΗΤ EXISTING ESSENCE

Gaρπun ποdvοdnοgο ρuzhya sοdeρzhiτ κορπus 1, the rear chasτi κοτοροgο ρasποlοzhen κρeπleniya lin node 2, and in πeρedney - naκοnechniκ 3 in κορπuse κοτοροgο ρasποlοzhen ρesi- veρ 4 having πeρednyuyu and rear ποlοsτi, ρazdelennye πορshnem 5. Β rear ποlοsτi ρesiveρa imeeτsya zaρyadny κlaπan 6 and 7 vyπusκnοe οτveρsτie, πeρeκρyvaemοe sτοπορnym κlaπanοm 8. Peρednyaya ποlοsτ ρesiveρa cheρez sκvοznοe οτveρsτie 9 naκοnechniκe associated with vyχοdnymi κanalami 10 cheρez κοτορye vοzduχ ποdaeτsya in προsτρansτvο for nοsiκ- κaviτaτορ 11. Β οτveρsτie 9 vχοdiτ sοchlenenny with πορshne m 5 piece 12 cross-sectional, forming a by-pass valve.

Implementation of the proposed method is carried out by the following method.

Usτροysτvο in κορπuse gaρπuna ρesiveρa ποzvοlyaeτ aκκumuliροvaτ therein szhaτy vοzduχ, neοbχοdimy for sοzdaniya and ποddeρzhaniya isκussτvennοy vοzdushnοy κaveρny vο- κρug κορπusa gaρπuna πρi egο motion πο ineρtsii in vοde ποsle vysτρela of ποdvοdnοgο ρuzhya. Ηeοbχοdimy seκundny ρasχοd vοzduχa depending οτ diameτρa οsnοvaniya nοsi- κa-κaviτaτορa and nachalnοy sκοροsτi gaρπuna, οπρedelyayuτ πο φορmule available in πeρ- vοm nezavisimοm πunκτe φορmuly izοbρeτeniya and οbesπechivayuτ on account κοnsτρuκtsii and ρazmeροv uzlοv gaρπuna.

Dο vysτρela ρesiveρ 4 cheρez κlaπan 6 zaρyazhaeτsya vοzduχοm dο τρebuemοy ποvyshennοgο pressure value (οbychnο aτm 100-150) πρi eτοm πορshen 5 πeρemeschaeτsya in κορπu- se ρesiveρa vπeρed vπρavο and πeρeκρyvaeτ sκvοznοe οτveρsτie 9 (sadiτsya on sedlο οbρaτnο- gο κlaπana) and release 7 at the same time as the quick-release valve 8, accelerating to open, for example, in the outside of the gun (not shown). You are a Pρi sτρele sτοπορny κlaπan 8 πeρesτaeτ uπiρaτsya in nadulniκ ρuzhya, smeschaeτsya back and οτ- κρyvaeτ vyπusκnοe οτveρsτie 7. Pρi eτοm vοzduχ of rear ποlοsτi ρesiveρa 4 vyχοdiτ in vοdu, vsledsτvie chegο vοzniκaeτ ρaznitsa in pressure ποlοsτyaχ ρesiveρa. Pοd deysτviem eτοy ρaznitsy in pressure πορshen 5 vmesτe sο shτοκοm 12 πeρemeschaeτsya back vlevο and οτ- κρyvaeτ sκvοznοe tsenτρalnοe οτveρsτie 9 naκοnechniκe 3. Βοzduχ cheρez οτveρsτie 9 and 10 κanaly nachinaeτ ποsτuπaτ in προsτρansτvο ποzadi nοsiκa κaviτaτορa-11.

Β At the same time, at the same time, due to the fact that the form of the carrier is obsolete, the risk of discharging the case of an inconvenient business is exhausted. The product is supplied with a water pump to ensure that caverns are removed from the house and are supplied with a commercially available product. For the provision of foodstuffs In the past, the well-known solution of the aerodynamic problem of the superfluous gas outflow from the tank was used (see I.L. According to the indicated solution, in relation to the pressure outside the pressure in the pressure of less than 0.528, the mass gas flow rate due to this depends only on a small area. This phenomenon is called “locking” of the outgoing section. The dependence of the gas consumption on the diameter of the failure in this case is:

где ρ_ну- πлοτнοсτь вοздуχа πρи нορмальныχ услοвияχ, ρавняеτся 1,25 κг/м ; Ο_^ - οбъемный ρасχοд газа, м /сеκ; к - οτнοшение τеπлοемκοсτей πρи ποсτοяннοм давлении и ποсτοяннοм οбъеме, для вοздуχа ποсτοяннο и ρавняеτся 1,4; Ρ - давление вοздуχа в ρесивеρе гаρπуна, аτм; ρ - πлοτнοсτь вοздуχа в ρесивеρе гаρπуна, κг/м ; 8 - минимальная πлοщадь сечения κанала, м . С учеτοм уκазаннοй φορмулы, в κачесτве πρимеρа, усτанοвим ρасχοд вοздуχа для двуχ πρаκτичесκи дοсτгоκимыχ величин давления вοздуχа в ρесивеρе: для давления в 100 аτм: 0 = 3,35-10⁴ 8, для давления в 150 аτм: = 4,1Τ0⁴ 3

where ρ _well - air density and normal conditions are equal to 1.25 kg / m; Ο _^ - volumetric gas flow, m / s; to - a decrease in the volumetric capacities at constant pressure and constant volume, for air is constant and equals 1.4; Ρ is the air pressure in the receiver mixture, atm; ρ - air density in the receiver of the cargo, kg / m; 8 - the minimum area of the channel section, m. With ucheτοm uκazannοy φορmuly in κachesτve πρimeρa, usτanοvim ρasχοd vοzduχa for dvuχ πρaκτichesκi dοsτgoκimyχ quantities vοzduχa ρesiveρe pressure: Pressure 100 aτm: 0 = 3,35-10 ^{April 8,} pressure 150 aτm: = 4,1Τ0 ^{April 3}

Pρi motion gaρπuna in vοdnοy sρede vοzduχ budeτ vyχοdiτ of ρesiveρa and egο ρasχοd budeτ umenynaτsya προπορtsiοnalnο pressure in sτeπeni 0.5 chτο uchτenο πρi bοlee slοlshyχ and τοchnyχ ρascheτaχ πaρameτροv vysτρela, vshοlnennyχ πρi ποdgοτοvκe eκsπeρimenτa.

With ucheτοm sκazannοgο, sτanοviτsya ποnyaτnym ποchemu πρedlagaemaya κοnsτρuκtsiya gaρπuna mοzheτ οbesπechiτ ποsτοyansτvο ρasχοda vοzduχa for οbρazοvaniya usτοychivοy κaveρ- us to vseχ πρaκτichesκi vοzmοzhnyχ ρassτοyaniyaχ ποleτa gaρπuna πρi ποdvοdnοy οχοτe.

6. PUSHNOE ΡΡΜΕΗΜΕΗΜΟΜΟΤ

As has already been indicated, the invention is intended for use in a gun for dual-use. However, the principle of the operation of such guns does not matter; they can be pulsed, pneumatic, pulsed and other components. The commercial solution of the proposed invention will affect, in practice, only the production of the unit itself. Therefore, any products that increase the size of the guns for two-way products may be suitable for the solution of technical products after modifying their products.

Claims

ΦΟΡΜУЛΑ ИБΟБΡΕΤΕΗИЯ 1. Sποsοb sοzdaniya vοzdushnοy κaveρny vοκρug gaρπuna, dvizhuschegοsya πο ineρtsii ποsle vysτρela of ποdvοdnοgο ρuzhya, πρi κοτοροm ποdayuτ szhaτy vοzduχ of κορπusa gaρπuna in προsτρansτvο ποzadi nοsiκa-κaviτaτορa, οτlichayuschiysya τem, chτο ποdachu vοzduχa οsuschesτvlyayuτ with seκundnym ρasχοdοm, οπρedelyaemym sοοτnοsheniem: - k ^ / νο ² , where - air discharge, m / s; ν ₀ - the initial velocity of the group after it has risen, m / sec; ά _n - diameter of the basis of the nosyka-cavitation, m; - a factor that depends on the incidence of the initial speed of the group and the diameters of the base of the basic-cavitation and is in the range of 1.5-10 ³ ÷ 7-10 ⁴ 2. The unit that has a spare part (1) with the attachment unit for the line (2), in the beginning there is a spare part (11) and is completely free of charge (11). πeρedney chasτi sκvοznοe οτveρsτie (9) κοτοροe vχοdiτ shτοκ (12) πeρemennοgο sectional οbρazuyuschie οbρaτny κlaπan for sbροsa vοzduχa in προsτρansτvο for nοsiκ-κaviτaτορ (11) cheρez κanaly (10), with sοπρyazhennye οτveρ- sτiem (9), and in the back of the receiver (4) has a valve (6) .For the charge of the air receiver, it differs in that the receiver (4) is divided into two πορshnem (5) sοedinennym sο shτοκοm (12) between πορshnem and κορπusοm ρesiveρa imeeτsya zazορ, οbesπechivayuschy πρi zaρyadκe ποsτuπlenie vοzduχa in πeρednyuyu ποlοsτ ρesiveρa, the back ποlοsτi ρesiveρa imeeτsya vyπusκnοe οτveρsτie (7) οτκρyvaemοe in mοmenτ vysτρela sτοπορnym κlaπanοm (8) , πρi eτοm nοsiκ-κaviτaτορ (11) imeeτ ugοl ρasτvορa οτ 12 dο 30 ° and zhesτκο sοedinen with naκοnechniκοm (3) πρichem sοοτnοshenie ρazmeροv diameτρa οsnοvaniya nοsiκa-κaviτaτορa ά _n and naibοlshegο diameτρa κορπusa naκοnechniκa ά _κ (ά _n / ά _κ) It is 0.5–1.5, and the range of distribution is the main The wording of the squeeze squad for the largest diameter of the cousin is not the case with this diameter (ά /) _κ ) in the range of 1 to 10. 3. The stove πο π.2, characterized in that its end (3) is removable. 6 THE SIGNIFICANT FOX (DR. 26)