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WO2002039038A1 - Procede de liquefaction d'un gaz - Google Patents

Procede de liquefaction d'un gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002039038A1
WO2002039038A1 PCT/EP2001/007811 EP0107811W WO0239038A1 WO 2002039038 A1 WO2002039038 A1 WO 2002039038A1 EP 0107811 W EP0107811 W EP 0107811W WO 0239038 A1 WO0239038 A1 WO 0239038A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
temperature
pressure
liquefaction
heat exchanger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2001/007811
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Martin Altenbokum
Ulrich Kaulfuss
Sergiy Tkachuk
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GEA Happel Klimatechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
GEA Happel Klimatechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GEA Happel Klimatechnik GmbH filed Critical GEA Happel Klimatechnik GmbH
Priority to AU2001272528A priority Critical patent/AU2001272528A1/en
Publication of WO2002039038A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002039038A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/06—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation
    • F25J3/063—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation characterised by the separated product stream
    • F25J3/066—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation characterised by the separated product stream separation of nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
    • F25J1/0015—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0035—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/06—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation
    • F25J3/063—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation characterised by the separated product stream
    • F25J3/0685—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation characterised by the separated product stream separation of noble gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/06—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation
    • F25J3/063—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation characterised by the separated product stream
    • F25J3/0685—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation characterised by the separated product stream separation of noble gases
    • F25J3/069—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation characterised by the separated product stream separation of noble gases of helium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/02—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/20—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using solidification of components
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/40—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using hybrid system, i.e. combining cryogenic and non-cryogenic separation techniques
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/42—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/58—Argon
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
    • F25J2220/42—Separating low boiling, i.e. more volatile components from nitrogen, e.g. He, H2, Ne
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
    • F25J2220/44—Separating high boiling, i.e. less volatile components from nitrogen, e.g. CO, Ar, O2, hydrocarbons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/30—Compression of the feed stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/02—Expansion of a process fluid in a work-extracting turbine (i.e. isentropic expansion), e.g. of the feed stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/40—Expansion without extracting work, i.e. isenthalpic throttling, e.g. JT valve, regulating valve or venturi, or isentropic nozzle, e.g. Laval
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/90—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/10—Mathematical formulae, modeling, plot or curves; Design methods

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for liquefying a gas (primary gas) which is part of a gas mixture which contains at least one second gas (secondary gas), the second gas having a higher liquefaction temperature than the first gas, the gas mixture being cooled in particular by a heat exchanger and the second gas undergoes a phase transition at a separation temperature in which the first gas is gaseous and the second gas is liquid and / or solid, or in which the first gas is gaseous or liquid and the second gas is solid.
  • a gas primary gas
  • second gas second gas
  • Such a gas mixture is the mixture of nitrogen and noble gases (argon, helium, etc.), which is obtained from the air by non-cryogenic separation.
  • the pressure is 1 bar Liquefaction temperature of nitrogen at 77 K lower than the freezing temperature of argon at 83 K.
  • a refrigeration machine is used in a known method for liquefying a gas which is mixed with various secondary gases.
  • Two different temperature levels are required for the liquefaction of the gas which is mixed with a gas, one for the phase change of the secondary gas and one for the actual liquefaction of the primary gas.
  • the two different temperature levels are realized either with two different chillers or with a two-stage chiller.
  • the gas mixture is passed to the first stage, where the secondary gas liquefies at a certain temperature. With the help of a separator, the liquefied secondary gas is separated from the still gaseous gas. The gas is then passed to the second stage, where it liquefies at a certain temperature.
  • the physical properties of the secondary gas are characterized in that the temperature difference between the liquefaction temperature and the freezing temperature of the secondary gas is small, ice formation occurs in the first stage of the liquefaction chamber.
  • the wall temperature of the liquefaction chamber must be below the freezing temperature of the secondary gas, or the design of the heat exchanger must be adapted accordingly.
  • the adaptation of the design of the heat exchanger means that the surface of the heat exchanger must be designed to be large enough so that the temperature difference can be kept small. In the case of chillers, where the cooling capacity is only available in a small area, the increase in the surface area is structurally complex and uneconomical.
  • the object of the invention is to avoid the formation of ice in secondary gases or not to allow them to take place in the liquefaction chamber of the refrigerator.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention in that the gas mixture is cooled by the heat exchanger to a temperature which is above the separation temperature, and in that an expansion valve is arranged behind the heat exchanger, through which the gas mixture flows and is cooled to the separation temperature.
  • a separation of the gases into different phases is thus achieved in a simple and reliable manner without the formation of ice in the secondary gases or the formation of ice not taking place in the liquefaction chamber of the refrigerator.
  • the heat exchanger cools down less than in the prior art and the final cooling takes place only through the expansion valve.
  • the first gas is nitrogen and the second gases are noble gases.
  • the throttle element is an expansion valve, a capillary tube, an orifice, an expansion machine or a turbine.
  • FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a first embodiment
  • Fig. 3 is a system diagram of a second embodiment
  • Fig. 4 is a diagram with the vapor pressure curve of the second embodiment.
  • the gas mixture from the first gas A to be obtained and the secondary gas B is liquefied with the aid of a refrigeration machine and thereby avoids the formation of ice in the secondary gas B.
  • the refrigeration capacity of the refrigeration machine is determined by means of constructive measures provided at two different temperature levels.
  • An expansion valve is used between the two stages. Pressure and temperature conditions in the stages are defined based on the physical properties of the gases.
  • the process has the following features: a) The gas mixture is compressed from pressure P 0 to pressure Pi. An increase in temperature of the temperature T 0 to the temperature T to take place. b) After optional pre-cooling, the compressed gas mixture is passed into the first liquefaction stage and cooled down to the temperature Ti. The gas B is partially liquefied. c) After stage 1, the gas mixture and the liquefied gas B are expanded in an expansion valve from the pressure Pi to the pressure P 2 . The temperature drops from Ti to T 2 and the gas B is completely liquefied. d) The gaseous gas A is separated from the liquefied gas B in a separator. e) In the second stage, the gas A is liquefied at the pressure P 2 and at the temperature T 3 (T 3 ⁇ Tfl A ).
  • FIG. 1 The system diagram of the process is shown in FIG. 1.
  • the selection of the suitable process parameters is to be made using the vapor pressure curves of the two gases shown in FIG. 2.
  • Curves A and B represent the vapor pressure curves of gas A and gas B.
  • the curve is intended to represent the course of expansion of the gas mixture A + B.
  • a desired final state 5 (T 3 and P 2 ) should be defined in which the gas A is liquefied.
  • a temperature T 2 (Tf B ⁇ T 2 ⁇ Tfl B ) should be selected based on the physical properties of gas A and gas B (for example the enthalpy of vaporization of gas B, concentration), at which the complete liquefaction of gas B at the pressure P 2 is guaranteed. This corresponds to point 4 of Fig. 2.
  • a critical temperature T crit ⁇ is defined depending on the liquefaction conditions in stage 1, which ensures a sufficient safety distance from Tf B.
  • T krtt ⁇ The temperature T krtt ⁇ is used to determine the critical pressure P kr it ⁇ from the curve.
  • critical pressure P kr i t2 and the corresponding critical temperature Tkr. 2 can be defined. This point is the intersection of the curves A and ⁇ . (Substance A changes its state from gaseous to liquid.) - The pressure Pi is selected between the two critical pressures.
  • Point 1 corresponds to the initial state of the gas mixture from A and B.
  • the two-stage liquefaction and the selection of the correct operating parameters for the liquefaction process ensure that ice formation in the liquefaction chamber is avoided. This enables a continuous liquefaction process without the heat transfer processes being impaired by the ice layer and without the process being interrupted by defrosting.
  • Gas A and Gas B are separated from each other, liquefied and collected in separate storage containers.
  • the gas mixture of gas A and B is liquefied with the aid of a refrigerator and thereby avoids the formation of ice in the liquefaction chamber of the refrigerator.
  • the cooling capacity of the chiller is made available at a defined temperature Ti.
  • the gas mixture of A and B compressed up to the pressure Pi is cooled to the temperature T ⁇ in the liquefaction chamber of the refrigerator. Both gases are liquefied.
  • the liquefied gases are expanded in an expansion valve up to the pressure P 2 .
  • the process has the following features: a) The gas mixture is compressed by the pressure P 0 at the pressure Pi, thereby it comes to a change in temperature from To to T. b) The gas mixture is liquefied in the heat exchanger of the refrigerator at the corresponding temperature Ti. c) The liquefied mixture of A and B is expanded in an expansion valve from the pressure Pi to the pressure P 2 . The gas B crystallizes and the liquid A partially evaporates. d) The evaporated portion of gas A is separated from the liquid gas and the ice in a separator. e) The cold vaporized gas A is used in an additional heat exchanger 2 for precooling the main stream of the mixture of A and B. Here, the main flow of A and B from the initial temperature T on until cooled to the temperature T gw.
  • the property of the gases is used that the condensing temperature of the gases increases with increasing pressure, but the freezing temperature remains almost constant.
  • Curves A and B are the corresponding vapor pressure curves for gases A and B.
  • the critical pressure P kr .t2 is defined at which the liquefaction temperature of gas A is equal to the freezing temperature Tf B.
  • the condensing pressure Pi is determined as follows.
  • the condensing temperature Ti results from the point of intersection of the condensing pressure Pi with the curve A.
  • the pressure in the operating points 2 and 3 is determined by the pressure Pi determined in point 4. This pressure corresponds to the final compression pressure.
  • the temperature in point 3 T gw is the temperature after pre-cooling in the counterflow heat exchanger, and the temperature in point 2 T an depends on the change in state between points 1 and 2.
  • Point 1 corresponds to the initial state of the gas mixture from A and B.
  • the selection of the correct operating parameters for the liquefaction process ensures that ice formation in the liquefaction chamber is avoided. This enables a continuous liquefaction process without the heat transfer processes being impaired by the ice layers and without the process being interrupted by defrosting.
  • the secondary gas can be an impurity gas and the throttle element can be an expansion valve, a capillary tube, an orifice, an expansion machine or a turbine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de liquéfaction d'un gaz (gaz primaire) faisant partie d'un mélange gazeux comprenant au moins un deuxième gaz (gaz secondaire). Selon ce procédé, le deuxième gaz présente une température de liquéfaction supérieure à celle du premier gaz, le mélange gazeux est refroidi en particulier par un échangeur thermique et le deuxième gaz subit à une température de séparation un changement de phase selon lequel le premier gaz est gazeux et le deuxième gaz est liquide et/ou solide, ou selon lequel le premier gaz est gazeux ou liquide et le deuxième gaz est solide. L'échangeur thermique refroidit le mélange gazeux à une température supérieure à la température de séparation. En arrière de l'échangeur thermique est disposé un élément d'étranglement à travers lequel le mélange gazeux passe et est refroidi à la température de séparation.
PCT/EP2001/007811 2000-11-08 2001-07-07 Procede de liquefaction d'un gaz Ceased WO2002039038A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2001272528A AU2001272528A1 (en) 2000-11-08 2001-07-07 Gas liquefaction method

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2000155321 DE10055321A1 (de) 2000-11-08 2000-11-08 Verfahren zum Verflüssigen eines Gases
DE10055321.4 2000-11-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002039038A1 true WO2002039038A1 (fr) 2002-05-16

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PCT/EP2001/007811 Ceased WO2002039038A1 (fr) 2000-11-08 2001-07-07 Procede de liquefaction d'un gaz

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AU (1) AU2001272528A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10055321A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002039038A1 (fr)

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US8312738B2 (en) 2007-01-19 2012-11-20 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Integrated controlled freeze zone (CFZ) tower and dividing wall (DWC) for enhanced hydrocarbon recovery
US9149761B2 (en) 2010-01-22 2015-10-06 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Removal of acid gases from a gas stream, with CO2 capture and sequestration
US9423174B2 (en) 2009-04-20 2016-08-23 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Cryogenic system for removing acid gases from a hydrocarbon gas stream, and method of removing acid gases
US9562719B2 (en) 2013-12-06 2017-02-07 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Method of removing solids by modifying a liquid level in a distillation tower
US9752827B2 (en) 2013-12-06 2017-09-05 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Method and system of maintaining a liquid level in a distillation tower
US9803918B2 (en) 2013-12-06 2017-10-31 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Method and system of dehydrating a feed stream processed in a distillation tower
US9823016B2 (en) 2013-12-06 2017-11-21 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Method and system of modifying a liquid level during start-up operations
US9829246B2 (en) 2010-07-30 2017-11-28 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Cryogenic systems for removing acid gases from a hydrocarbon gas stream using co-current separation devices
US9829247B2 (en) 2013-12-06 2017-11-28 Exxonmobil Upstream Reseach Company Method and device for separating a feed stream using radiation detectors
US9869511B2 (en) 2013-12-06 2018-01-16 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Method and device for separating hydrocarbons and contaminants with a spray assembly
US9874395B2 (en) 2013-12-06 2018-01-23 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Method and system for preventing accumulation of solids in a distillation tower
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