WO2002022730A1 - Composition for manufacturing formed article comprising starch, pulverized plant fiber or organic fertilizer obtained by treating garbage as main material, method for producing the same, method for manufacturing formed article using the same, and formed article and method for use thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A composition for manufacturing a formed article which comprises starch, a pulverized plant fiber or an organic fertilizer obtained by treating garbage as a main material, characterized in that the composition is produced by a method comprising mixing the main material with wheat flour and a binder and kneading the resultant mixture homogeneously; and a formed article manufactured from the composition. The composition can be used for manufacturing, without the use of a synthetic resin, a formed article which has a capability of being formed similar to that of a formed article from a synthetic resin and also can be decomposed by a microbe or an ultraviolet ray.

Description

 Specification

Composition for molding an article mainly composed of organic fertilizer treated with starch, crushed vegetable fiber or garbage, method for producing the same, method for producing a molded article using the same, and use of the molded article and the molded article Method Technical Field

 An object of the present invention is to provide an article molding composition having the same moldability as a synthetic resin without using a synthetic resin. The present invention relates to a composition for molding an article mainly composed of fertilizer, a method for producing the same, a method for producing a molded article using the same, and a method for using the molded article and the molded article. Therefore, the molded article is buried in soil, Or, if it is disposed of outdoors, it is naturally decomposed by microorganisms and ultraviolet rays if left untreated, so it is self-cleaned without imposing any burden on the environment. It also belongs to the field of environmental improvement by using plant fibers such as rice husks discharged from agricultural production and plant-based garbage discarded as materials that do not burden the environment.

Conventionally, synthetic resins are the main materials widely used for containers and packaging materials. Synthetic resins have excellent moldability, can be mass-produced at low cost, and, because of their usefulness, can be used in the world, including in industrial materials, in everyday life, in vinyl chloride ^: resin, Synthetic resins, such as polyethylene and urea resins, are used in large quantities in household items such as tableware.

In addition, plastics that can be decomposed by micro- _organisms (so-called biodegradable plastics, nicknamed green plastics, etc.) can be added to this synthetic resin in order to decompose it in the natural environment. Films, packaging materials, food bags, and the like using the same have been proposed (Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei 3-2228900, Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei 4-14). No. 6952, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 4-3255252). Further, there has been proposed a material in which tableware, a flowerpot, or the like is molded from vegetable fiber as a raw material having a molding property in place of a synthetic resin, and a varnish or lacquer or the like is applied as a waterproofing agent on the surface thereof. Also, containers made of vegetable fiber pulp (mainly used as raw material for waste paper) have been proposed.

 In addition, it has been proposed to use crushed rice hulls as a basic raw material, heat the hydrous starch, gelatinize and mix and stir, press-mold with a heating die, and form a cover layer with a plastic film. (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 7-20510). However, synthetic resins used in large quantities have excellent heat and corrosion resistance, are resistant to degradation by microorganisms, and are durable and long-lasting, but these products are buried in soil. When disposed of in the field, it is not decomposed by ultraviolet rays or microorganisms, and remains for a long time without being decomposed, deteriorated or disintegrated, and accumulates. This property causes environmental pollution.

 Some of them are degraded by microorganisms, but they take an extremely long time to decompose, and have the same problem of adversely affecting the environment. The biodegradable synthetic resin as a solution to the above-mentioned problems has not been mass-produced, has poor molding suitability, and has a higher cost than conventional synthetic resin products. However, there were problems that were difficult to spread.

 In addition, the incineration of these synthetic resin products causes problems that have a serious adverse effect on the environment and human health, such as the generation of high-temperature gas, which hasten the damage to incinerators and the generation of toxic gases such as daoxin. appear. Serious environmental problems such as the leakage of so-called endocrine disruptors (endocrine disrupting chemicals) from vinyl chloride are also occurring. Based on the above, the problem of flooding and disposal of large quantities of synthetic resin products is a globally common environmental improvement issue that needs to be resolved at an early stage. The use of synthetic resins in large quantities does not respond to the current social demands that products supplied to society by society must provide environmentally friendly or low-volume products.

 Furthermore, from the viewpoint of resource saving, synthetic resin raw materials are so-called fossil fuels, and their mass consumption is due to Japan's industrial and economic policies, which import all of the world's energy problems and consumption from overseas. It is not preferable from the viewpoint.

On the other hand, the disposal of surplus or waste generated by agricultural production is also a social problem. ,is there. Since ancient times, in Japanese agriculture, surplus or waste such as rice husks and rice straw generated during the production and processing of agricultural products has been developed and used for fertilizers and many other uses. A recirculation system that was decomposed and returned to nature was formed, and a waste-free, self-contained, precise, recirculation system was used. However, in recent years, rice husks, rice straw, etc. have hardly been used due to changes in the socio-economic environment in rural areas, and most of these have been incinerated as surplus or waste.

 Therefore, the incineration smoke that incinerates these surpluses or wastes has an adverse effect on the environment, and is becoming a social problem in rural areas. In addition, instead of using synthetic resin, containers made of vegetable fiber pulp (mainly used as waste paper) have been proposed and used, but the containers made certainly are products that are naturally decomposed, In the manufacturing process, a large amount of water is used in the papermaking stage, and a large amount of fine fibers are mixed into the wastewater, which flows into the river together with the wastewater, causing environmental pollution.

 In addition, it has been proposed to mold tableware, flowerpots and the like with vegetable fiber and apply a varnish or lacquer or the like as a waterproofing agent on the surface, but varnish or lacquer is a material with a unique odor. There are also problems such as the inclusion of substances that are harmful to the human body, which is undesirable. Disclosure of the invention

 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention does not use a synthetic resin, but is an alternative material. When the material is buried in soil or left outdoors, it is decomposed by microorganisms, and is substantially similar to a synthetic resin. The purpose of the present invention is to obtain an almost ideal composition using starch or naturally-derived pulverized plant fiber as a main component, with the aim of obtaining a composition for molding an article having the same moldability.

 When an article is molded with the composition of the present invention, the article has an appearance similar to a synthetic resin, has excellent moldability, and when buried in soil or discarded outdoors, the elapse of the originally designed time Thus, the above problem was solved by a composition which is rapidly decomposed and disintegrated under the action of ultraviolet rays and microorganisms, is naturally reduced, and serves as a soil conditioner and a fertilizer in soil.

That is, the invention of the product is an organic fertilizer obtained by treating starch, crushed plant fiber or garbage. One or more types of main ingredients are added, mixed with flour and mint, mixed with water, and kneaded with water. Organic fertilizer is obtained by treating starch, crushed plant fiber or garbage. The main material is a composition for molding articles.The main material is a mixture of two or more types of various starches, a mixture of two or more types of crushed plant fibers, or an organic fertilizer treated with garbage. A starch as described above, characterized in that it is a mixture of two or more types or various types of starch, various types of vegetable fibers or various types of organic waste, and a mixture of various types of organic fertilizers. It is a composition for molding articles mainly composed of organic fertilizers treated with fiber or garbage.

 Next, the mixing ratio of each composition is as follows: 100 to 85% by mass of starch, 20 to 85% by mass of starch, 10 to 70% by mass of flour, and 3 to 25% by mass of a binder. Mixing, adding 30 to 35% by weight of water with respect to the total weight of the mixture, kneading the mixture, and adjusting the water content to 20 to 25%, the starch as described above; It is a composition for molding an article mainly comprising an organic fertilizer obtained by treating ground plant fiber or garbage, and the starch is wheat starch, rice starch, potato starch, sweet potato starch, cornstarch starch, and saba starch. Or an arsenic starch of various kinds, or a starch derived from a plant, characterized in that it is a composition for molding an article mainly comprising an organic fertilizer obtained by treating starch, crushed vegetable fiber or garbage. .

 The other ratio is as follows: 100 to 100% by mass of the composition, 25 to 85% by mass of crushed plant fiber, 5 to 70% by mass of flour, and 3 to 50% by mass of a binder are added and mixed. 30-35% by mass of water is added to the total mass of the mixture, and the mixture is kneaded to adjust the water content to 20-25%. An article-forming composition mainly composed of an organic fertilizer obtained by treating plant fiber or garbage, wherein the milled plant fiber is rice husk, rice straw, or other plant fiber. A product molding composition comprising, as a main component, an organic fertilizer obtained by treating the starch, crushed plant fiber or garbage described in the above.

Further, the comminuted vegetable fiber has a size of lmm or less, and is characterized in that the starch, the comminuted vegetable fiber, or the organic fertilizer treated with garbage is used as a main material in the composition for molding a product. The organic fertilizer treated with garbage is added in an amount of 30 to 85% by mass, flour 5 to 60% by mass, and binder 1 to 50% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the composition. The starch according to the above-mentioned, characterized in that water is added in an amount of 30 to 35% by mass based on the total mass of the mixture, and the mixture is kneaded to a water content of 20 to 25%. It is a composition for molding articles mainly comprising an organic fertilizer obtained by treating crushed vegetable fiber or garbage.

 Next, the organic fertilizer obtained by treating garbage has a composition having a particle diameter of 1 mm or less, wherein the starch, crushed vegetable fiber or garbage is treated according to claim 1, 2 or 8. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the flour is a non-heated or heat-treated flour, a medium flour or a strong flour. It is also an article-forming composition mainly composed of organic fertilizers treated with fiber or garbage. The binder is a combination of vegetable oil, alcohol and shell powder, and the composition for molding an article mainly comprising an organic fertilizer obtained by treating starch, ground vegetable fiber or garbage. But also.

 Next, the invention of a method for producing a molded article is based on the following: adding wheat starch and a binder to one or more kinds of organic fertilizers obtained by treating starch, crushed vegetable fibers or garbage, sequentially mixing them, and then adding water. An organic fertilizer treated with starch, pulverized vegetable fiber or garbage, wherein the water content is adjusted to 20 to 25% while the mixture is heated and press-molded. A method for producing a molded article of an article molding composition as a main material, wherein the article molding composition described above is subjected to heat and pressure press molding, wherein starch, ground vegetable fiber or garbage is used. This is a method for molding an article molding composition comprising an organic fertilizer treated as a main component.

Furthermore, the invention of a molded article is characterized in that the composition for molding an article according to claim 1 is subjected to heat and pressure press molding, and the main material is an organic fertilizer treated with starch, ground plant fiber or garbage. A starch, a crushed vegetable fiber or a raw material, characterized in that the article molding composition described above is heated and press-molded, and then overcoated with an overcoat material. It is a molded article made of an article molding composition mainly composed of garbage-treated organic fertilizer. In addition, the overcoating material is a binder, an oil or a fat, and a synthetic resin. The article for molding is mainly composed of an organic fertilizer treated with starch, pulverized vegetable fiber or garbage. A molded product, wherein the molded product is printed on the surface thereof, characterized in that the starch, ground vegetable fiber or raw corn It is a molded article of an article molding composition mainly composed of an organic fertilizer treated with pulp.

 Further, the invention of a method for using a molded product is a method for using a molded product, wherein the molded product is used as a flowerpot and the flowerpot is directly buried in the soil.

 The amount of starch added was from 20% by mass to 85% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the composition. If the amount was less than 20% by mass, the strength of the molded product was reduced and 85% by mass. If it exceeds 2,000, the amount of starch will be too large, and the strength of the molded product will be weak. Therefore, practically, it is preferable to be within this range. Depending on the amount of starch added, the strength, application and time required for decomposition can be adjusted.

 The amount of the organic fertilizer obtained by treating the garbage was 30% by mass to 85% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the composition, but if the amount is less than 30% by mass, the strength of the molded product is weak. If the content exceeds 85% by mass, the amount of the organic fertilizer obtained by treating the garbage is too large, and the strength of the molded product is weakened.

 In addition, when the particle size of the organic fertilizer composition obtained by treating garbage is not uniform, it is used after being crushed to a size of 1 mm or less, but the size of the particle size is 30 μm to 40 μm. A micron product is most preferable, and a molded product using the same has a smooth bronze-like appearance and feel. If the product contains a lot of water, adjust the water content to around 5% before use.

 The crushed plant fiber should be less than lmm in size. If the size of the pulverized product exceeds 1 mm, the skin of the molded product becomes rough, and the strength of the molded product becomes weak. Of course, it is needless to say that it can be used in the form of finely pulverized powder.

 In particular, the size of the crushed plant fiber is most preferably 30 to 40 microns, and a molded product using the same has an appearance and feel like bronze with a smooth ground surface. .

 The amount of the milled plant fiber added was 25% by mass to 85% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the composition. However, if the amount was less than 25% by mass, the strength of the molded product was reduced. If the content exceeds 5% by mass, the amount of vegetable fiber is too large, and the strength of the molded product is weakened.

Wheat flour is light flour, medium flour and strong flour, which are generally available on the market. Unheated flour or heat-treated flour is used. Caro with this flour The amount was 5% to 70% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the composition. However, if the amount is less than 5% by mass, the adhesion and fixing of the raw material will be weak. Practically, it is preferable to keep the amount in this range because the amount is too large and the bonding and fixing of the raw material is weak.

 Next, the addition amount of the binder was set to 3% by mass to 50% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the composition. However, if the amount was less than 3% by mass, the adhesion and fixing of the raw materials became weak, and 50% by mass. %, The amount of the binder is too large, and the adhesion and fixing of the raw materials become weak. Therefore, it is practically preferable to keep the content in this range.

 The main material of the composition of the present invention may be ordinary starch or other plant raw materials, but an inexpensive composition using surplus or waste such as rice husks and straw discharged during agricultural production can be used. Can be provided. Also, organic fertilizer obtained by treating garbage can be used. Therefore, inexpensive materials that are readily available can be used as the main material.

 When the molded product, which is a feature of the present invention, is buried in the soil or left outdoors, it is subject to degradation by microorganisms and collapse by ultraviolet rays. Each of the three main ingredients, such as the type and properties of the organic fertilizer processed from garbage and the size and size of the milled main ingredient, the quality and quantity of wheat starch to be added, and the amount of the binder, are included in the entire composition. The ratio is determined by the combination of various factors such as the ratio of occupation, molding pressure, and the thickness of the molded product, so that the composition and material combination should be designed in advance according to the use of the molded product. It is very reasonable because a molded product can be made.

 Starch or the like can be used as the main material of the present invention, but it is preferable to widely use plant fiber materials, which are mainly surplus or waste, because the cost of raw materials increases. The main materials are, for example, the following.

 As the starch, any wheat starch, rice starch, potato starch, sweet potato starch, corn starch starch, canker mackerel starch, various arsenic starches, and other starches derived from plants can be used.

The crushed plant fiber is extracted from cereal flour, rice bran, rice husk, straw, barley, buckwheat, coffee bean extract residue, green tea, sencha, roasted tea, black tea, oolong tea, etc. Sawdust, nori, okara, soy milk cake, sake lees, grilled Shochu lees, beans, green soybeans, mushroom medium residues, wood chips, charcoal, corn cores, cut weeds, kenaf, vegetable waste, tree pruning waste, etc. Can also be used. The plant-derived main material can be crushed with a crusher to adjust the water content before use.

 Furthermore, organic fertilizers processed from garbage are produced by fermenting so-called garbage discharged from homes, restaurants, hotels, etc. with microorganisms to produce organic fertilizers.

. Large amounts of raw garbage are fermented and decomposed by microorganisms for about 3 to 6 months using large-scale equipment, and then water is adjusted.They are processed in large quantities by local governments, private companies, etc., and used as organic fertilizer. They are sold, but they are used as the main material. Molded products using this as the main material, especially when used as flower pots, are flower pots that do not require fertilizer. Potted planters and buyers of these plants do not need to apply fertilizer, which is convenient and convenient. In addition, it is reasonable that the flower pot can be designed to be decomposed in one year according to the life of the plant.

 Further, a mixture of organic fertilizers obtained by treating ground plant fibers or garbage such as the above-mentioned starch, a mixture of two or more types of ground plant fibers of different types, a mixture of various types of starch, The main material is a mixture of organic fertilizers treated with various types of garbage, a mixture of various starches, a mixture of various crushed plant fibers and various organic fertilizers treated with garbage, and various other main materials. Can be combined in various ways to form a composition, which can be molded into a molded article.

 Of the above, rice husks, especially those that have been dehulled, are inferior in water retention capacity and hygroscopicity, and require efficient means of crushing and crushing rice husks.However, no effective means has been found at present, and rice husks are limited It is used only for purposes. However, in the present invention, a means for crushing rice hulls is separately obtained, and the rice husks are finely crushed to improve the hygroscopicity, and can be used as a main material of the composition of the present invention.

 Pulverization of the main plant fiber can be adequately performed by various types of pulverizers commonly used in industry. However, if the crushed fiber or material such as rice hulls is hard and difficult to crush with a normal crusher, it is preferable to use a dedicated crusher for efficiency and to maintain the quality of the molded product. Is also desirable.

Molded articles made from this composition are based on the size of milled plant fiber, the amount of flour added, By adjusting the mixing ratio of the binder and the binder, the time required for decomposition and disintegration by microorganisms can be designed and adjusted freely according to the use of the molded product.

 In addition, it is necessary to dehydrate the main material containing a large amount of water, such as okara and tea residue, and adjust the water content to about 5% before use. This dehydrated water is stored separately in a tank, etc., and when a mixture of the main material, flour and binder is kneaded to produce a composition, if this is used for water addition, there is no need for wastewater treatment, and waste is eliminated. There is no.

When water that has been dehydrated from the main material is used again, there is also an effect that the water can be transferred to a molded product without losing the coloring and scent of the main material.

 The binder is composed of vegetable oil (60 to 65% by mass), alcohol (20 to 30% by mass) and shell powder (5 to 20% by mass) with respect to 100% by mass of the binder. Taking into account the conditions of the molded product, use it after blending so that the total binder content is 100%. Vegetable oils include edible oils such as corn oil, rapeseed oil, safflower oil, castor oil, soybean oil, sesame oil, olive oil, and camellia oil. Alcohol is used by fermenting the grain with alcohol and having a high alcohol purity of 70 to 75 degrees. Shell powder used as an antioxidant is used for shellfish, clams, oysters, and other shells finely crushed to 10 to 15 microns. The shell powder exhibits alkalinity, has an antioxidant effect on the molded product, and has an effect of extending the life of the molded product. Therefore, it is possible to adjust the amount of the shell powder to be added in accordance with the purpose and use of the molded article, and to adjust the time until the molded article collapses. Since the life of the molded product is determined from the production stage, it is rational without waste.

 The binder is used by mixing it with the flour during kneading. The alcohol content of the binder, together with the water added during kneading, serves as the water content of the composition to provide flexibility, spreadability and plasticity suitable for press molding of the composition. In addition, the alcohol evaporates quickly together with a part of other water in the step of molding by heating and pressing. In addition, the composition to which the binder has been added contains oil, and during molding, the oil rises on the surface of the molded product to form an oil film, and thus the mold is released from the mold.

If it is necessary to further improve the mold release, spray the vegetable oil on the mold in advance. Alternatively, the mold release can be further improved by coating.

 Further, the water added during kneading is 30 to 35% by mass with respect to the total mass of starch or ground plant fiber, flour, and binder, and is uniform for 5 to 10 minutes. When kneading, the final moisture content of the composition is adjusted to about 20 to 25%, since heat is generated due to friction and moisture evaporates.

 The molded product of this composition is in a slightly soft state immediately after press molding, but hardens about 1 minute after being removed from the mold when the temperature of the molded product decreases, and is similar to a synthetic resin product. It will exhibit waterproofness, hardness and appearance.

 In addition, the molded product can be used for molded products as it is, just like ordinary synthetic resin molded products, and has waterproofness according to the design. For example, when tableware or cups are molded, hot food can be served or poured with hot water. There is no problem in daily use. The water resistance of a molded article made of this composition is such that even if a pot such as a flowerpot with the standard strength is molded and watered, etc., the planted plant will maintain a complete waterproofing effect for 6 months. Of course, if the design is made in advance, the duration of the waterproofing effect can be extended.

 Furthermore, when it is necessary to provide a glossy and waterproof effect especially for decorative articles and the like, it is possible to overcoat the molded article with an overcoating agent. The overcoating agent uses the binder described above. After molding, when the product temperature drops to room temperature, apply or spray very thinly over the entire surface of the molded product. In addition, foods and honey that can impart gloss and have a waterproof effect can be used as a topcoat. If necessary, oils and fats and synthetic resins can be used as the overcoating material.

The heat-resistant temperature of this molded product differs depending on the main material, but in the case of 2 mm thick tableware (tea bowl) mainly made of rice husks, it is 95 ° C (± 5 degrees) and the load resistance is 3 kg per 1 cm ² . Molded products begin to deform when the temperature exceeds the heat resistant temperature. However, it is practically enough heat-resistant temperature. The hardness of the molded product naturally depends on various conditions such as the composition, the added amount of wheat, the added amount of the binder, the composition of the binder, and the water content. The product has a hardness equal to or higher than that of the synthetic resin product, so there is no inferiority in practical use. Regardless of which main material is used, the molded product of this composition has a smooth surface and is indistinguishable from a synthetic resin molded product. It has a moderately smooth feel and appearance.

 For example, molded articles made of this composition can be replaced by almost any material that is currently molded with synthetic resin, such as flower pots, dishes, trays, various containers, and cushioning materials. Can be.

 It can also be used outdoors, and can be used for disposable items such as camping tableware, nuffs, forks, spoons, chopsticks, etc., by selecting the main material or adjusting the molding pressure, etc. If it is designed to collapse in a short period of time, there is no risk of polluting the environment if it is used and disposed of outdoors. In addition, if used for golf tees, etc., lost or broken and discarded items will be disassembled over time, so there is no need for maintenance and management of the golf course. In addition to the above examples, it is possible to provide a molded article using this composition in a wide range of fields in consideration of the use and the properties of the composition.

 Molded articles of this composition do not begin to degrade rapidly unless buried in the soil. Under normal operating conditions when placed in the air, it has the property of maintaining the original prototype for a long time.

 Furthermore, a molded article made of this composition takes on a moisture-absorbing state for a long period of time, and becomes lumpy. However, when it is dried, it has the property of returning to its original hard state. Therefore, when disposing of molded articles such as tableware, which are no longer needed, they can be absorbed as moisture and crushed or crushed and discarded as ordinary household waste.

 When a pavement tile for a sidewalk is molded from this composition and used, it has air permeability and water permeability, and can be put to practical use as a pavement tile for a sidewalk. However, in this case, it is necessary that the lower surface is covered with concrete or the like and does not touch the soil. When used in contact with soil, this sidewalk tile will start to decompose from the part in contact with soil and will not last long.

When this molded product is used as a flowerpot, it has excellent water retention and air permeability, and has an effect of promoting plant growth. When a nursery pot or petal pot buyer purchases a plant, it can be placed in a larger pot or buried in the soil for each flower pot, saving time and effort. In addition, the roots that have been grown can be left untouched, the roots are not damaged by transplantation, and the pots buried in the soil can be designed so that the pots themselves collapse as the roots grow. In this case, plant growth is not hindered. In order to raise seedlings and flowers, some plants need to be replanted in large pots every few months. In this case, replanting the pots in large pots and replanting each pot will save the labor of transplanting. It is ideal for producing nursery pots and flower pots. In addition, flower pots buried in the soil decompose spontaneously with the passage of time according to the design time of the molded product, so that plant growth is not hindered. The main material and other materials of the decomposed and disintegrated flower pots are plant fibers and starches, so they become the homes of microorganisms or promote the growth of microorganisms, further promote decomposition, and eventually break apart, It becomes a soil conditioner and plant fertilizer. Furthermore, by mixing organic fertilizer, which is used as fertilizer, with the main material, it is possible to make a flower pot without fertilizer.

 Since this composition is mainly made of surplus or waste from agricultural production, the cost of raw materials is low, and it is possible to provide molded articles at a cost that can be sufficiently practical. In the molded product of this composition, the pigment contained in the main material used as it is becomes the background color of the product in its natural color, so there is no need to add pigment, and even more, no artificial pigment is added. , Products can be more naturally applied. In this composition, a desired color can be selected to obtain a molded product of a desired color. In addition, the unique scent possessed by the main material is retained at the same time, and the scent can be enjoyed for a long time. Since no artificial fragrances or artificial colorings are used, there is little color fade over time, and the scent emanates for a long time. For example, if the coffee extraction residue is the main material, the ground of the molded product will have a coffee color, and the scent will have the scent of coffee. Also, if you make a molded product using flowers as the main material in the flower language of the birthday month, you can satisfy your taste as a birthday gift. Needless to say, a pigment can be added to these compositions to make the ground color of the molded product a desired color, and the surface of the molded product can be printed to give a colored molded product.

 The main material used in the present invention is starch or crushed vegetable fiber, which is a so-called organic material. Even if it is incinerated, it emits a high temperature, such as synthetic resin, to damage the incinerator or cause harm. There is no danger of generating gas.

Furthermore, the composition of the present invention does not require withering or drying the plant as the main material, and can cut the grown plant, pulverize it as it is, adjust the water content, and use it as the main material. (Disassembly test)

 A No. 4 flowerpot (thickness 1.5 mm) molded with a composition mainly composed of crushed rice hulls was buried in the soil, and an implementation test was performed on the state of decomposition. The No. 4 flowerpot was buried in the soil of the field, but began to decompose in three months, almost decomposed in six months, completely lost its original shape in eight months, and decomposed into pieces.

 Although the details of the mechanism by which the molded article of the composition of the present invention degrades are not clear, the added wheat starch absorbs water, weakening the bonds between the plant fibers, and the soil bacteria in the soil propagate there. It is presumed that the crushed rice hulls break the bond between the starches that bond the crushed rice husks and are broken up.

 Examples of applications or fields of application of molded articles of this composition will be described.

 Agricultural materials · Can be used for gardening. For example, when nursery pots, finishing pots, dressing pots, etc. are molded, consumers who purchase these flower pots can be buried in the fields or gardens as potted plants, which is convenient and convenient.

It can also be used for tableware and food distribution containers. For example, in the case of a cup, hors d'oeuvre dish, tray, and lunch box made of crushed rice husk composition (for standard thickness and standard composition), the average heat-resistant temperature of the container is 95 °. C (± 5 ° C.), The average load resistance is 3 kg per 1 cm ² , and no deformation, wrinkling, leakage or penetration occurs within this heating and load range. These dishes, etc. are not disposable and can be used repeatedly if they are washed after use in the same way as normal dishes. This tableware molded product is extremely safe for humans because it does not contain any harmful substances and does not elute harmful substances.

 It can also be used as industrial product packaging and cushioning material. For example, packing materials for industrial parts, packing materials for product packaging, cushioning materials (cushion materials) for home appliances, communication equipment, and precision equipment, etc. Although it is often used, if a product or the like is housed in a form molded with this composition, it can be used instead, and the use of synthetic resin can be reduced. Since this molded product has a smooth surface and does not generate dust such as molded product debris, it is also suitable as a packaging and cushioning material for precision equipment.

In addition, it can be molded into a plate shape to replace the one made of synthetic resin or wood. For example, floor materials (flooring materials), hand mirror frames, picture frames, clock frames, various wooden boxes, toys, spectacle cases, stupas, coffins, etc. can be used to save wood resources from the standpoint of protecting forest resources. Can contribute to The wooden box can be assembled in the same way as wood by assembling a plate-shaped product with an adhesive. In addition, with a composition based on corn starch

A translucent sheet having a thickness of 0.5 mm can also be obtained. In addition, the toothpick can be formed into a molded product, and can be sufficiently used as an incense or incense extending material or a molding material.

 The molding method of this composition is composed of a male mold and a female mold, using a heated and pressurized mold, and having a predetermined number of steam exhaust holes or water exhaust holes inside the female mold. The steam exhaust hole or the water exhaust hole is provided so that the inside of the female mold is small and becomes large toward the outside. The composition is molded while evaporating or discharging the water and alcohol of the composition while heating and pressing with a press molding machine.

 The standard molding process is to control the pressing temperature and pressing pressure in consideration of various factors such as the shape of the molded product, main material, moisture content, and other properties of the composition, and to create a female mold containing the composition. The male mold is pressed with a load of 100 tons to 100 tons, and the press is repeated intermittently from once to about 10 times, and the pressure is gradually and gradually applied stepwise. You. Further, in parallel with the molding step, water and alcohol contained in the composition are evaporated. If necessary, change the heating temperature, pressing pressure, etc. as appropriate. However, the heating temperature should be limited to the extent that the composition will not be denatured by heat, and the pressing pressure should be kept within a range that does not destroy the molded product.

The feature of press molding of this composition is an intermediate molding method between dry powder molding using a powdery material and wet molding using a material containing a large amount of water. The point is that the composition having a moisture content of 20 to 25% is molded by intermittent pressing. Since the composition for molding an article is press-molded by a mold, the composition needs to have viscosity and plasticity. The flour in the composition mainly gives viscosity, and the binder and the water contained contain plasticity. In the process of molding under heat and pressure, the flour gelatinizes, and alcohol and moisture are discharged or evaporated, but these actions make molding easier. In press working, it is advisable to use many molds side by side, and to mold many molded products at once. The composition of the composition, the pressing pressure, the heating temperature, the molding process, etc., must be prototyped in advance and set under the respective conditions. This molding process can be performed more precisely and efficiently by automatically controlling the data by inputting data all at once.

 During this press molding, the oil contained in the binder forms an oil film on the surface of the molded product, which has the effect of improving the mold release of the molded product. Eliminate accidents that break products and improve production yield.

 In any case, if various factors are comprehensively taken into account and the blending and water content are adjusted, and if the material does not have viscosity and plasticity, there may be holes in the molded product during the molding process, or defects may occur. This may result in the formation of parts and the formation of a thick molded article that uses a large amount of the composition. Therefore, it is necessary to make a trial production in advance and set the manufacturing conditions according to the main material and other raw materials.

 Further, when a molded article molded with this composition becomes unnecessary, it can be collected, pulverized, and reused repeatedly as the main material of the composition of the present invention. It is a material suitable for so-called recycling, and it is promising to use ideal compositions and molded products from the viewpoint of environmental issues.

 As mentioned above, all of these molded products can be composed of naturally-derived materials, and do not put an burden on the environment. You can do it.

 According to the present invention, when a molded article made of this composition is used instead of a molded article made of a synthetic resin, it is decomposed and decomposed by microorganisms and ultraviolet rays even when buried in soil or left outdoors. Therefore, it has the effect of not contributing to environmental issues and greatly contributing to solving environmental problems. Also, it is possible to reduce synthetic resin molded products from waste. Biodegradability A material having a similar function can be obtained more easily and at lower cost than a synthetic resin. Since the color and scent of the main material of the composition are directly used as a molded product, the main material according to the taste can be selected to enjoy the color and scent, and the taste can be satisfied. This eliminates the need for artificial dyes.

 In addition, it is very reasonable because the period until disassembly or collapse can be designed and adjusted depending on the purpose of use of the molded product.

Surplus or waste from agricultural production is used as the main material, eliminating waste disposal So, there is an effect of two birds with one stone. Since it uses raw materials that do not contain harmful substances, there is no danger to human health. When it is no longer needed, there is no harmful substance generated by incineration of the molded product, and after decomposition, it has the effect of becoming a soil amendment and fertilizer in the soil. Plant pots made from organic garbage processed from garbage can produce pots that do not require fertilizer.

The molded product of the present invention is heat-resistant, does not deteriorate or deform even at a temperature of 95 ° C (± 5 ° C), has a load resistance of 3 kg per lcm ² and is suitable for molding. It is practical as a substitute for synthetic resin. This molded tableware contains no harmful substances and does not elute harmful substances, so it is extremely safe for the human body. Use of the composition of the present invention can reduce fossil fuel consumption, prevent air pollution due to incineration of synthetic resin, contribute to solving energy problems and environmental pollution problems, and have a great social utility. We can say that we can expect. When a molded article of this composition becomes unnecessary, it can be crushed and reused as a raw material for the composition, so that it is useful as a raw material suitable for recycling. By using this composition, it is possible to provide an environmentally friendly molded product that does not impose an impact on the environment, is suitable for recycling. It is an ideal composition that meets the needs of today's society, literally brings the benefits of two birds with one stone to the society, effectively reduces harmless things naturally, and meets the present eco-idea. This composition is also suitable for the so-called nitrogen cycle of organic matter in the animal and plant kingdom, and is also preferred for the natural order of animals and plants including humans. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

 Figure 1

 FIG. 4 is a flow sheet diagram of a molded product manufacturing process of the present invention.

 Figure 2

 Similarly, FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing steps (a) to (d) of molding a molded article by a mold.

(a) The figure which shows the state which filled the female mold | die before press with a composition.

 (b) The figure which shows the state which started the press.

 (c) The figure which shows the state in the middle of press molding.

(d) The figure which shows the state which completed press molding. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

 Example 1

 An article molding composition 1 having the following composition was prepared using potato starch as a main material. First, 20 g of flour and 15 g of binder are kneaded, and the kneaded material is added to 55 g of potato starch and mixed, and 35% by mass of water is added to the total mass of the material by adding water. The mixture was uniformly kneaded for 5 minutes using a kneader. The added water is evaporated by the heat generated in the mixed herring so that the water content is adjusted to about 20%. 100 g of a composition 1 mainly composed of potato starch was obtained. The obtained composition 1 is in a slightly damp state, and is in a state of spilling down when grasped with a hand. The flour used was a commercially available, strong flour.

 The binder was composed of 60% by mass of vegetable oil, 30% by mass of alcohol, and 10% by mass of oyster powder with respect to 100% by mass of the binder. The vegetable oil used was corn oil, and the alcohol used was a 75-degree alcohol made from fermented grains. The shell powder used as the antioxidant agent was oyster flakes, finely ground to 10 microns.

 The strength, application, and time required for decomposition can be adjusted depending on the amount of the binder added. Increasing the amount of binder increases the decomposition time of the molded product, while decreasing the amount shortens the decomposition time. It goes without saying that the decomposition time varies depending on the ratio between the amount of the binder added and the amount of the main material added. Example 2

 An example of preparing an article-forming composition 1 mainly composed of an extraction residue of Wu Kuang tea will be described.

 Since the extraction residue of oolong tea contains a large amount of water of about 75% to 85%, it is first dehydrated with a dehydrator to reduce the water content to 10% to 5% L, and then heat-treated. To a water content of about 5%. The dehydrated water is stored separately in a tank. This is crushed with a crusher to a size of 30 to 40 microns.

First, 20 g of the flour was kneaded with 15 g of the binder of Example 1, and then the kneaded material was mixed with 55 g of the crushed oolong tea extraction residue and stored in the tank. The dehydrated water is used for icing. The mixture was uniformly kneaded for 7 minutes with a kneader while adding 30 to 35% by mass of water to the total mass of the material. The water added by the frictional heat generated by mixing in the mixed herring evaporates, so adjust the water content to about 25%. 100 g of a composition 1 mainly comprising a ground oolong tea extraction residue was obtained. The obtained composition 1 is in a wet state and spills down when grasped with a hand.ο

 Example 3

 An example for preparing the composition 1 for molding an article mainly from okara will be described. First, okara discharged from the production of tofu and soy milk contains a large amount of water, about 75% to 85%. Dewater with a dehydrator to reduce the water content to 10 to 15%, and further heat to a water content of 5%. This is crushed by a crusher to a size of 30 to 40 microns.

 20 g of flour was kneaded with 15 g of the binder of Example 1, and then mixed with 55 g of dehydrated okara in this kneaded material. Water was 30 to 35% by mass based on the total mass of the material. The mixture was uniformly kneaded with a kneader for 8 minutes while adding water. Water added by frictional heat generated by stirring during mixing evaporates, so adjust the water content to about 25% during kneading. 100 g of a composition 1 mainly composed of okara was obtained. The obtained composition 1 is in a state of spilling when it is gripped with a hand in a wet state.

 Example 4 '

 An example of preparing the article molding composition 1 mainly composed of chaff will be described. Rice husk crushed with a crusher to a size of 30 to 40 microns was used as the main material, and the following composition was used. 7 0 0 g crushed chaff

Flour 50 g

5 g binder

After first mixing 5 g of the binder of Example 1 with 50 g of flour, this mixture was mixed with 700 g of crushed chaff, and water was 30 to 35% by mass based on the total mass of the material. The mixture was uniformly kneaded with a kneader for 10 minutes while adding water. Generated by mixing during mixed herring Since the water added by the frictional heat evaporates, the water content should be adjusted to about 20% during kneading. 1 kg of composition 1 consisting mainly of okara was obtained. The obtained composition 1 is in a slightly damp state, and is in a state of spilling down when grasped with a hand.

 Example 5

 The molded article made of the article molding composition 1 of the present invention will be described. A molded product of a food container and a No. 4 flowerpot using the composition 1 will be described. A food container was molded with the composition 1 obtained in Examples 2 and 3, and the No. 4 flowerpot (thickness 2 mm) was heated to 150 ° C using the composition 1 obtained in 4. This is an example in which a metal mold is used to perform heat molding with a press molding machine.

 Using 50 g of the composition 1 containing starch as a main material obtained in Example 1, a tableware bowl having a diameter of 1 45 mm and a thickness of 2 mm was molded. It became a molded product. The water content of this molded product is 10%. Immediately after molding, it has some flexibility, but cures when the product temperature reaches room temperature.

 The molded article of this composition 1 has a smooth surface, has a smooth touch, appearance and hardness that is indistinguishable from a synthetic resin molded article, and has a specific gravity of 1.5. . The water content of the bowl was around 10%. '' A round plate of tableware having a diameter of 120 mm and a thickness of 2 mm was manufactured using 50 g of the composition 1 mainly composed of the extracted residue of the crushed black tea obtained in Example 2 However, a round plate with a light brown scalp was obtained, and the molded product had a stronger aroma of tea.

 The molded article of this composition 1 has a smooth surface, has a smooth feel and appearance that is indistinguishable from a synthetic resin molded article, and has a specific gravity of 1.4. The water content of the round plate was around 10%.

 Using 50 g of the composition 1 mainly composed of okara obtained in Example 3, a pulp type natto packaging container having a diameter of 60 mm and a thickness of 1.5 mm was produced.

 The molded product of this composition 1 has a white ground surface, a smooth surface, and has a smooth touch and appearance that is indistinguishable from a synthetic resin molded product. It is 5.

No. 4, a flowerpot (thickness: 2 mm) was manufactured using 100 g of the composition 1 mainly composed of the crushed rice hulls obtained in Example 4. The molded product of this composition 1 has a light yellowish yellow skin, a smooth surface, and a smooth feel and appearance that is indistinguishable from a synthetic resin molded product. The specific gravity is 1.4. The water content of the No. 4 flowerpot was around 10%. The time required for this flowerpot to decompose was two years, if used as a normal flowerpot.

 Example 6

 FIG. 1 is a flow sheet diagram for manufacturing a molded article using the composition 1 for molding an article of the present invention. With reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, a method of molding the molded product of the No. 4 flowerpot (thickness: 2 mm) using the composition 1 will be described.

 100 g of Composition 1 mainly composed of the chaff obtained in Example 4 was used.

 A male mold 2 and a female mold 3 were used, and a 400-ton press was used. An appropriate number of drainage and steam discharge holes 10 are provided on the inner wall of the female mold 3. After a predetermined amount of the composition is transported to the first chamber by a screw conveyor (not shown), it is put into the female mold bottom 3. Male mold 2 and female mold 3 are heated to around 150 ° C.

 The male mold 2 in FIG. The press load is 50 tons. Next, the male mold 2 is lifted upward as indicated by the arrow 5 in FIG. 2 (b). Then, as shown by arrow 6, the male mold 2 is pushed downward and pressed with a press load of 50 tons. By intermittently repeating the pressurizing steps indicated by arrows 7 and 8 in FIG. 2 (c), the composition 1 at the bottom of the female mold 3 is pressed, and the male mold 2 and the female mold 3 are pressed. While gradually being pushed upward through the gap between the mold and the mold, the mold is formed while draining and evacuating from the drainage and steam discharge holes 10 provided in the female mold 3. As shown in Fig. 2 (d), when the male mold 2 is pushed in the direction of the arrow 9 to the lowermost end with a pressing load of 50 tons, the composition 1 is molded into a No. 4 flowerpot and the molding process is completed. The time required for molding was 6 (it was insignificant. The male mold 2 was pulled up and the molded product was taken out of the female mold 3 to obtain a molded product of the No. 4 flowerpot.

In the above-mentioned molding process, the temperature and press load are controlled by 50 tons and the pressure is gradually and intermittently increased 10 times, taking into account various factors such as the main material, moisture content, and other properties of the composition 1. Repeat step by step, taking 60 seconds to mold. Pressurized at once When molded, the filling amount of the yarn and the composition is made as small as possible in order to reduce the thickness of the molded product, and the water content of the composition is relatively small and lacks fluidity. It is difficult to be thinly dispersed throughout. As a result, a hole is formed in the body of the flowerpot or a defect is generated in the edge, so this method is not preferable. Also, in parallel with the molding process

The water and the alcohol contained in the composition 1 are discharged or evaporated from the drain and steam discharge holes 10 provided in the female mold 3. Mold while adjusting the final moisture content of the molded product to around 10%.

 In the press molding process, the composition 1 is heated to about 150 ° C by the heated male mold 2 and female mold 3, so that the wheat starch is gelatinized (gelatinized) and the crushed rice hulls Functions as an adhesive for

 In this press machine, if many molding dies are used in parallel, it is possible to mold the composition 1 mainly composed of 36 tons of chaff per hour.

Claims

The scope of the claims  1. One or more organic fertilizers processed from starch, ground vegetable fiber or garbage are used as the main material, and flour and a binder are added to the mixture to form a mixture, and the mixture is kneaded by adding water. A composition for molding articles mainly composed of organic fertilizers, which are processed starch, ground vegetable fibers or garbage.  2. The main material is a mixture of two or more types of various starches, a mixture of two or more types of crushed vegetable fibers, a mixture of two or more types of organic fertilizers processed from garbage, or various types of starch 2. The starch according to claim 1, wherein each of various organic fibers treated with various kinds of vegetable fibers or various kinds of garbage is mixed and mixed. An article molding composition mainly composed of fertilizer.  3. With respect to 100% by mass of the composition, 20 to 85% by mass of starch, 10 to 70% by mass of flour, and 3 to 25% by mass of a binder are added to form a mixture, and the mixture is added to the total mass of the mixture. 3. The starch according to claim 1 or 2, wherein water of 30 to 35% by mass is added, and the mixture is kneaded to a water content of 20 to 25%. Is an article molding composition mainly composed of organic fertilizers processed from raw refuse.  4. The starch according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the starch is wheat starch, rice starch, potato starch, sweet potato starch, corn starch 'starch, cassava starch or various arsenic starches, or other plant-derived starch. 4. The composition for molding an article comprising, as a main component, an organic fertilizer obtained by treating a starch, a milled vegetable fiber or raw rub, according to claim 1. ' 5. With respect to 100% by mass of the composition, 25 to 85% by mass of crushed vegetable fiber, 5 to 70% by mass of flour, and 3 to 50% by mass of binder are added to form a mixture. 3. The starch according to claim 1, wherein water of 30 to 35% by mass with respect to the total mass is added and kneaded to adjust the water content to 20 to 25%. A composition for molding an article mainly composed of an organic fertilizer obtained by treating processed vegetable fiber or garbage.  6. The starch, crushed vegetable fiber or organic garbage-treated organic starch according to claim 1, 2 or 5, wherein the crushed vegetable fiber is rice hull, rice straw, or other plant fiber. An article molding composition mainly composed of fertilizer. 7. The starch, the crushed vegetable fiber or the crushed plant fiber according to any one of claims 1, 2, 5 and 6, wherein the crushed vegetable fiber has a particle size of lmm or less. Raw gourd A composition for molding an article mainly comprising an organic fertilizer treated with mi.  8. To 100% by mass of the composition, 30 to 85% by mass of organic fertilizer treated with garbage, 5 to 60% by mass of flour, and 3 to 50% by mass of binder are added to form a mixture. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein water of 30 to 35% by mass is added to the total mass of the mixture, and the mixture is kneaded to have a water content of 20 to 25%. A composition for molding an article mainly composed of an organic fertilizer treated with starch, crushed vegetable fiber or garbage ο  9. The starch, crushed vegetable fiber or garbage according to claim 1, 2 or 8, wherein the organic fertilizer treated with garbage has a composition having a particle diameter of 1 mm or less. An article molding composition mainly composed of organic fertilizer.  10. The starch according to any one of claims 1, 3, 4, 5 and 8, wherein the flour is a non-heated or heat-treated flour, a medium flour or a strong flour. For molding articles based on organic fertilizers treated with processed vegetable fiber or garbage 11. The starch according to any one of claims 1, 3, 5 or 8, wherein the binder is a combination of vegetable oil, alcohol and shell powder. An article molding composition mainly composed of an organic fertilizer obtained by treating garbage.  12 2. Wheat starch and a binder are sequentially added to at least one kind of organic fertilizer obtained by treating starch, ground vegetable fiber or garbage to form a mixture, and then the mixture is kneaded while adding water to obtain a water content. The mixture is heated and pressurized to form a press, and the mixture is heated and pressurized to form an organic fertilizer mainly processed from starch, crushed plant fiber or garbage. A method for producing a molded article of the composition.  13. The article-forming composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition is formed by heating, pressurizing and press-molding the article, mainly comprising an organic fertilizer treated with starch, pulverized vegetable fiber or garbage. Of molding composition for use.  14. The article molding composition of claim 1, wherein the composition for molding an article according to claim 1 is heated, pressurized and press-molded, and the main material is an organic fertilizer treated with starch, crushed plant fiber or garbage. Molded articles by using the composition. 15. The composition for molding an article according to claim 1 is heated and pressurized and press-molded. A molded article made of a composition for molding an article mainly comprising an organic fertilizer obtained by treating starch, crushed vegetable fiber or garbage, wherein the outer wall is overcoated with a topcoat material.  16. An article mainly comprising an organic fertilizer obtained by treating starch, crushed vegetable fibers or garbage, wherein the overcoating material is a binder, a fat or oil or a synthetic resin. Molded product using the molding composition.  17. The molded article, wherein the surface of the molded article is printed, wherein the starch or the plant fiber or the organic garbage treated with garbage according to claim 15 or 15 is used as the main material. Of the composition for use.  18. A method for using a molded article, characterized in that the molded article according to any one of claims 14 to 17 is used as a flowerpot and the flowerpot is directly buried in the soil.