WO2002018056A2 - Cyclone entrance nozzle - Google Patents
Cyclone entrance nozzle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002018056A2 WO2002018056A2 PCT/US2001/027294 US0127294W WO0218056A2 WO 2002018056 A2 WO2002018056 A2 WO 2002018056A2 US 0127294 W US0127294 W US 0127294W WO 0218056 A2 WO0218056 A2 WO 0218056A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cyclone
- entry port
- entrance nozzle
- nozzle
- expansion spool
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
- B04C5/02—Construction of inlets by which the vortex flow is generated, e.g. tangential admission, the fluid flow being forced to follow a downward path by spirally wound bulkheads, or with slightly downwardly-directed tangential admission
- B04C5/04—Tangential inlets
Definitions
- the present invention relates to cyclone separators. More particularly, the present invention relates to a cyclone entrance nozzle for a cyclone that separates solid particles from a gas stream.
- Cyclone separators for solids and fluids separation are well known.
- the inlet gas source is connected to a horizontal inlet nozzle located on the cyclone. Consequently, the inlet gas source also has a horizontal section to match the inlet nozzle of the cyclone separator.
- Solid particles frequently build up in the horizontal section of the pipes or ducts where the inlet gas source connects to the inlet gas nozzle of the cyclone. This build up of solid particles or solids agglomeration can greatly restrict the flow of the inlet gas, which significantly increases the pressure drop of the system.
- the extent of the solids build up may be so great that the inlet gas to the cyclone separator becomes plugged, and the operation must be shut down to remove the plug of solid particles.
- particle bouncing and erosion can occur due to the high rate of speed at which the inlet gas enters the cyclone separator via the inlet nozzle.
- a cyclone separator is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,662,909 wherein the inlet gas nozzle is angled between 30 to 70 degrees relative to the horizontal to reduce accumulation of particles.
- the increased angle of the inlet gas nozzle relative to the horizontal increases particle bouncing which significantly reduces the solids separation efficiency of the cyclone.
- the high velocity of the inlet gas through the angled inlet gas nozzle causes erosion of the inner wall of the cyclone separator.
- a cyclone entrance nozzle which eliminates solids build up and plugging of the solid particles comprising the inlet gas.
- a cyclone entrance nozzle which reduces erosion of the inner walls, but which does not increase the overall pressure drop of the system or reduce the separation efficiency of the cyclone.
- a cyclone separator which connects to a gas inlet source such as a pipe or duct and has an entrance nozzle configured to reduce particle accumulation and erosion.
- the entrance nozzle has an expansion spool that increases the cross-sectional area of the entrance nozzle from the inlet gas source to an entry port having a quadrilateral cross-section.
- the expansion spool reduces the velocity of the inlet gas near the entry port to reduce erosion.
- the entry port is angled to assist in providing spiral flow in the cyclone at the reduced velocity.
- the expansion spool also functions to provide transition from circular pipes or ducts to the quadrilateral cross section of the entry port as needed.
- the entrance nozzle promotes entry of the inlet gas in a helical spiral that continues into the cyclone.
- the expansion spool has a smooth inner surface that increases the cross sectional area of the entrance nozzle by more than 50%, and the entry port has a ratio of length to width from 1:1 to less than 2:1. In another aspect, both the expansion spool and the entry port are upwardly angled from about 5 degrees to about 20 degrees from the horizontal.
- Figure 1 is a side view of a cyclone separator having a cyclone entrance nozzle in accordance with the present invention.
- Figure 2 is a perspective view of the modified cyclone entrance nozzle of Figure 1.
- the present invention has surprisingly found a cyclone separator entrance nozzle that expands the cross-sectional area large enough to reduce the inlet gas velocity without compromising the separation efficiency of the cyclone.
- the reduced inlet gas velocity reduces the pressure drop through the entrance nozzle, significantly decreases erosion around the cyclone separator inlet region, and significantly reduces particle bouncing.
- the entrance nozzle provides an expansion spool, which connects the inlet gas source to an entry port having a quadrilateral cross-section to reduce particle erosion and reduce particle accumulation without impairing separation efficiency.
- the expansion spool preferably increases the cross sectional area of the entrance nozzle by at least 50%, and the entry port is preferably angled about 5 degrees to about 20 degrees from horizontal.
- a cyclone 10 having an entrance nozzle 12 that transitions from a circular gas inlet pipe (not shown) to a quadrilateral entry port 14 is shown in Figure 1.
- the entrance nozzle 12 is tangentially disposed about an outer surface of an exit pipe 16 of the cyclone 10 as shown more clearly in Figure 2, and is connected to an internal helical spiral 18 disposed within the cyclone 10.
- the entrance nozzle 12 is preferably disposed about the exit pipe 16 at an angle inclined from the horizontal and is shown in Figure 1 as disposed about 10 degrees from the horizontal. The angle promotes spiral flow in the helical spiral 18 which spiral flow continues into the lower portion 20 of the cyclone 10. Solid particles are removed through a lower flange 22 and the gas is removed through the exit pipe
- the entrance nozzle 12 has a cross section that is preferably quadrilateral in shape.
- the cross section of the entrance nozzle 12 may be, for example, square or rectangular.
- the cross section of the entrance nozzle 12 has a length to width ratio from 1 : 1 to less than 2:1, most preferably about 1.3 to 1.
- the transition from the gas inlet pipe to the entry port 14 occurs in an expansion spool 26 that increases the cross sectional area of the inlet nozzle 12 from an entry flange 28 to the entry port 14.
- the cross sectional area within the entry flange 28 is circular to match the gas inlet pipe, but can match the cross sectional area of other pipes and ducts.
- the expansion spool 26 preferably increases the cross sectional area more than 100% near the entrance to the entry port 14, most preferably about a 200%) increase.
- a process stream comprising solid particles and a process gas flows through the entry flange 28, through the expansion spool 26, and then through the entry port 14 before reaching the helical spiral 18 inside the cyclone
- the expansion spool 26 reduces erosion without substantially altering the gas flow through the cyclone.10. Build up of particles that may occur in the entry port 14 is adequately controlled by the angle of incline, also without substantially altering the flow of gases through the cyclone 10. The reduction of the gas feed velocity significantly reduces particle bouncing as well as the erosion of interior walls.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Cyclones (AREA)
Abstract
A cyclone separator (10) is provided for removing solid particles, the separator having an inlet nozzle(12) that includes an expansion spool (26) and an entry port (14), which reduces sidewall erosion and particle accumulation. The expansion spool increases cross sectional area of the inlet nozzle by at least 50% near the entry port. The entry port is angled from the horizontal to resist particle accumulation. The entrance nozzle reduces the pressure drop through the nozzle, significantly decreases erosion around the cyclone inlet region, and significantly reduces particle bouncing and accumulation without altering particle separation.
Description
CYCLONE ENTRANCE NOZZLE
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to cyclone separators. More particularly, the present invention relates to a cyclone entrance nozzle for a cyclone that separates solid particles from a gas stream.
Background of the Related Art
Cyclone separators for solids and fluids separation are well known. In a conventional cyclone separator, the inlet gas source is connected to a horizontal inlet nozzle located on the cyclone. Consequently, the inlet gas source also has a horizontal section to match the inlet nozzle of the cyclone separator. Solid particles frequently build up in the horizontal section of the pipes or ducts where the inlet gas source connects to the inlet gas nozzle of the cyclone. This build up of solid particles or solids agglomeration can greatly restrict the flow of the inlet gas, which significantly increases the pressure drop of the system. The extent of the solids build up may be so great that the inlet gas to the cyclone separator becomes plugged, and the operation must be shut down to remove the plug of solid particles. In addition, particle bouncing and erosion can occur due to the high rate of speed at which the inlet gas enters the cyclone separator via the inlet nozzle.
A cyclone separator is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,662,909 wherein the inlet gas nozzle is angled between 30 to 70 degrees relative to the horizontal to reduce accumulation of particles. However, the increased angle of the inlet gas nozzle relative to the horizontal increases particle bouncing which significantly reduces the solids separation efficiency of the cyclone. Furthermore, the high velocity of the inlet gas through the angled inlet gas nozzle causes erosion of the inner wall of the cyclone separator.
Therefore, there exists a need for a cyclone entrance nozzle, which eliminates solids build up and plugging of the solid particles comprising the inlet
gas. There also exists a need for a cyclone entrance nozzle which reduces erosion of the inner walls, but which does not increase the overall pressure drop of the system or reduce the separation efficiency of the cyclone.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A cyclone separator is provided which connects to a gas inlet source such as a pipe or duct and has an entrance nozzle configured to reduce particle accumulation and erosion. The entrance nozzle has an expansion spool that increases the cross-sectional area of the entrance nozzle from the inlet gas source to an entry port having a quadrilateral cross-section. The expansion spool reduces the velocity of the inlet gas near the entry port to reduce erosion. The entry port is angled to assist in providing spiral flow in the cyclone at the reduced velocity. The expansion spool also functions to provide transition from circular pipes or ducts to the quadrilateral cross section of the entry port as needed. The entrance nozzle promotes entry of the inlet gas in a helical spiral that continues into the cyclone.
In one aspect, the expansion spool has a smooth inner surface that increases the cross sectional area of the entrance nozzle by more than 50%, and the entry port has a ratio of length to width from 1:1 to less than 2:1. In another aspect, both the expansion spool and the entry port are upwardly angled from about 5 degrees to about 20 degrees from the horizontal.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
So that the manner in which the above recited features, advantages and objects of the present invention are attained and can be understood in detail, a more particular description of the invention, briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to the embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings.
It is to be noted, however, that the appended drawings illustrate only typical embodiments of this invention and are therefore not to be considered
limiting of its scope, for the invention may admit to other equally effective embodiments.
Figure 1 is a side view of a cyclone separator having a cyclone entrance nozzle in accordance with the present invention.
Figure 2 is a perspective view of the modified cyclone entrance nozzle of Figure 1.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The present invention has surprisingly found a cyclone separator entrance nozzle that expands the cross-sectional area large enough to reduce the inlet gas velocity without compromising the separation efficiency of the cyclone. The reduced inlet gas velocity reduces the pressure drop through the entrance nozzle, significantly decreases erosion around the cyclone separator inlet region, and significantly reduces particle bouncing.
The entrance nozzle provides an expansion spool, which connects the inlet gas source to an entry port having a quadrilateral cross-section to reduce particle erosion and reduce particle accumulation without impairing separation efficiency. The expansion spool preferably increases the cross sectional area of the entrance nozzle by at least 50%, and the entry port is preferably angled about 5 degrees to about 20 degrees from horizontal. A cyclone 10 having an entrance nozzle 12 that transitions from a circular gas inlet pipe (not shown) to a quadrilateral entry port 14 is shown in Figure 1. The entrance nozzle 12 is tangentially disposed about an outer surface of an exit pipe 16 of the cyclone 10 as shown more clearly in Figure 2, and is connected to an internal helical spiral 18 disposed within the cyclone 10. The entrance nozzle 12 is preferably disposed about the exit pipe 16 at an angle inclined from the horizontal and is shown in Figure 1 as disposed about 10 degrees from the horizontal. The angle promotes spiral flow in the helical spiral 18 which spiral flow continues into the lower portion 20 of the cyclone 10. Solid particles are
removed through a lower flange 22 and the gas is removed through the exit pipe
16 to an upper flange 24.
The entrance nozzle 12 has a cross section that is preferably quadrilateral in shape. The cross section of the entrance nozzle 12 may be, for example, square or rectangular. In one aspect, the cross section of the entrance nozzle 12 has a length to width ratio from 1 : 1 to less than 2:1, most preferably about 1.3 to 1.
The transition from the gas inlet pipe to the entry port 14 occurs in an expansion spool 26 that increases the cross sectional area of the inlet nozzle 12 from an entry flange 28 to the entry port 14. The cross sectional area within the entry flange 28 is circular to match the gas inlet pipe, but can match the cross sectional area of other pipes and ducts. The expansion spool 26 preferably increases the cross sectional area more than 100% near the entrance to the entry port 14, most preferably about a 200%) increase.
In operation, a process stream comprising solid particles and a process gas flows through the entry flange 28, through the expansion spool 26, and then through the entry port 14 before reaching the helical spiral 18 inside the cyclone
10. The expansion spool 26 reduces erosion without substantially altering the gas flow through the cyclone.10. Build up of particles that may occur in the entry port 14 is adequately controlled by the angle of incline, also without substantially altering the flow of gases through the cyclone 10. The reduction of the gas feed velocity significantly reduces particle bouncing as well as the erosion of interior walls.
While foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow.
Claims
1. A cyclone entrance nozzle, comprising an expansion spool having an inlet and an outlet connected to an entry port having a quadrilateral cross section, wherein the expansion spool increases cross sectional area of the cyclone entrance nozzle by at least 50%.
2. The cyclone entrance nozzle of claim 1, wherein a ratio of the length to the width of the entry port is from 1 : 1 to less than 2:1.
3. The cyclone entrance nozzle of claim 2, wherein the ratio is about 1.3:1.
4. The cyclone entrance nozzle of claim 1, wherein the entry port is upwardly angled from the horizontal.
5. The cyclone entrance nozzle of claim 4, wherein the entrance nozzle is upwardly angled about 5 degrees to about 20 degrees from the horizontal.
6. The cyclone ' entrance nozzle of claim 1, wherein the expansion spool transitions from a circular inlet to the entry port.
7. The cyclone entrance nozzle of claim 1, wherein the expansion spool increases the cross sectional area of the entrance nozzle by at least 100%».
8. A cyclone separator, comprising; a cyclone body comprising an internal spiral surrounding an exit pipe; an entry port having a quadrilateral cross section mounted on the cyclone body in communication with the internal spiral; and an expansion spool mounted on the entry port, wherein the expansion spool increases cross sectional area by at least 50% from an inlet to the entry port.
9. The cyclone separator of claim 8, wherein a ratio of the length to the width of the entry port is from 1 : 1 to less than 2:1.
10. The cyclone separator of claim 9, wherein the ratio is about 1.3:1.
11. The cyclone separator of claim 8, wherein the entry ports is upwardly angled from the horizontal.
12. The cyclone separator of claim 11, wherein the entrance nozzle is upwardly angled about 5 degrees to about 20 degrees from the horizontal.
13. The cyclone separator of claim 8, wherein the expansion spool transitions from a circular inlet to the entry port.
14. The cyclone separator of claim 8, wherein the expansion spool increases the cross sectional area of the entrance nozzle by at least 100%).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2001287020A AU2001287020A1 (en) | 2000-09-01 | 2001-08-30 | Cyclone entrance nozzle |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US23016400P | 2000-09-01 | 2000-09-01 | |
| US60/230,164 | 2000-09-01 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2002018056A2 true WO2002018056A2 (en) | 2002-03-07 |
| WO2002018056A3 WO2002018056A3 (en) | 2002-06-13 |
Family
ID=22864178
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US2001/027294 Ceased WO2002018056A2 (en) | 2000-09-01 | 2001-08-30 | Cyclone entrance nozzle |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU2001287020A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2002018056A2 (en) |
Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007000242A1 (en) * | 2005-06-29 | 2007-01-04 | Danieli Corus Technical Services Bv | Cyclone separator for blast furnace gas |
| GB2456192A (en) * | 2008-01-02 | 2009-07-08 | Samsung Kwangju Electronics Co | Sloped upper wall of cyclone inflow channel |
| WO2010081715A1 (en) * | 2009-01-15 | 2010-07-22 | Donaldson Filtration Deutschland Gmbh | Cyclone separator having inlet flow duct |
| WO2012076701A1 (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2012-06-14 | Firmus S.A.M. | Cyclonic separation device comprising an upper coiled part and a lower conical part |
| US8343360B2 (en) | 2007-01-11 | 2013-01-01 | Advanced Tail-End Oil Company N.V. | Device and method for separating a flowing medium mixture with a stationary cyclone |
| US8663472B1 (en) | 2011-05-06 | 2014-03-04 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Multi-chambered hydroclone |
| US8701896B2 (en) | 2005-08-18 | 2014-04-22 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Hydroclone based fluid filtration system |
| US8882999B2 (en) | 2010-06-17 | 2014-11-11 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Cleaning assembly for use in fluid filtration systems |
| US8960450B2 (en) | 2010-12-08 | 2015-02-24 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Apparatus and method for implementing hydroclone based fluid filtration systems with extensible isolated filter stages |
| CN104525392A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-04-22 | 华北电力大学 | Cyclone separator with gradually enlarged inlet, flow guide plate and dustproof screen and experiment system |
| US9050610B2 (en) | 2012-05-17 | 2015-06-09 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Hydroclone with inlet flow shield |
| US9101859B2 (en) | 2012-06-01 | 2015-08-11 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Cross-flow filtration system including particulate settling zone |
| US9186604B1 (en) | 2012-05-31 | 2015-11-17 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Hydroclone with vortex flow barrier |
| US9192946B2 (en) | 2012-10-26 | 2015-11-24 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Hydroclone |
| WO2016144231A1 (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2016-09-15 | Valmet Ab | Cyclone separator arrangement and method |
| US9527091B2 (en) | 2013-12-05 | 2016-12-27 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Hydroclone with improved cleaning assembly |
| US10207205B2 (en) | 2014-12-18 | 2019-02-19 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Cylindrical filter screen with tensioning mechanism |
| WO2023167876A1 (en) * | 2022-03-01 | 2023-09-07 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Apparatus and method to separate and condition multiphase flow |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2259919A (en) * | 1939-01-23 | 1941-10-21 | Northern Blower Company | Dust collector |
| US3738090A (en) * | 1970-09-29 | 1973-06-12 | R Kilian | Particle separation system |
| NZ239581A (en) * | 1990-09-13 | 1993-03-26 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Gas-liquid separator with tangential inflow nozzle to cylindrical body with central discharge pipe |
-
2001
- 2001-08-30 WO PCT/US2001/027294 patent/WO2002018056A2/en not_active Ceased
- 2001-08-30 AU AU2001287020A patent/AU2001287020A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007000242A1 (en) * | 2005-06-29 | 2007-01-04 | Danieli Corus Technical Services Bv | Cyclone separator for blast furnace gas |
| US8202338B2 (en) | 2005-06-29 | 2012-06-19 | Alex Lajtonyi | Cyclone separator for blast furnace gas |
| US8701896B2 (en) | 2005-08-18 | 2014-04-22 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Hydroclone based fluid filtration system |
| US8343360B2 (en) | 2007-01-11 | 2013-01-01 | Advanced Tail-End Oil Company N.V. | Device and method for separating a flowing medium mixture with a stationary cyclone |
| GB2456192A (en) * | 2008-01-02 | 2009-07-08 | Samsung Kwangju Electronics Co | Sloped upper wall of cyclone inflow channel |
| GB2456192B (en) * | 2008-01-02 | 2010-03-03 | Samsung Kwangju Electronics Co | Dust-separating apparatus |
| US7854779B2 (en) | 2008-01-02 | 2010-12-21 | Samsung Gwangju Electronics Co., Ltd. | Dust separating apparatus for vacuum cleaner |
| WO2010081715A1 (en) * | 2009-01-15 | 2010-07-22 | Donaldson Filtration Deutschland Gmbh | Cyclone separator having inlet flow duct |
| US8882999B2 (en) | 2010-06-17 | 2014-11-11 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Cleaning assembly for use in fluid filtration systems |
| US8960450B2 (en) | 2010-12-08 | 2015-02-24 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Apparatus and method for implementing hydroclone based fluid filtration systems with extensible isolated filter stages |
| WO2012076701A1 (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2012-06-14 | Firmus S.A.M. | Cyclonic separation device comprising an upper coiled part and a lower conical part |
| FR2968579A1 (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2012-06-15 | Firmus S A M | DEVICE FOR SEPARATING A MIXTURE CONTAINING A LIQUID SOLUTION AND SOLID MICROPARTICLES OF ECONOMIC OPERATION. |
| US8663472B1 (en) | 2011-05-06 | 2014-03-04 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Multi-chambered hydroclone |
| US9050610B2 (en) | 2012-05-17 | 2015-06-09 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Hydroclone with inlet flow shield |
| US9186604B1 (en) | 2012-05-31 | 2015-11-17 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Hydroclone with vortex flow barrier |
| US9101859B2 (en) | 2012-06-01 | 2015-08-11 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Cross-flow filtration system including particulate settling zone |
| US9192946B2 (en) | 2012-10-26 | 2015-11-24 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Hydroclone |
| US9527091B2 (en) | 2013-12-05 | 2016-12-27 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Hydroclone with improved cleaning assembly |
| CN104525392A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-04-22 | 华北电力大学 | Cyclone separator with gradually enlarged inlet, flow guide plate and dustproof screen and experiment system |
| US10207205B2 (en) | 2014-12-18 | 2019-02-19 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Cylindrical filter screen with tensioning mechanism |
| WO2016144231A1 (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2016-09-15 | Valmet Ab | Cyclone separator arrangement and method |
| WO2023167876A1 (en) * | 2022-03-01 | 2023-09-07 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Apparatus and method to separate and condition multiphase flow |
| US11850605B2 (en) | 2022-03-01 | 2023-12-26 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Apparatus and method to separate and condition multiphase flow |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2002018056A3 (en) | 2002-06-13 |
| AU2001287020A1 (en) | 2002-03-13 |
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