WO2002017616A1 - Digital watermark for personal signatures - Google Patents
Digital watermark for personal signatures Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002017616A1 WO2002017616A1 PCT/EP2000/008288 EP0008288W WO0217616A1 WO 2002017616 A1 WO2002017616 A1 WO 2002017616A1 EP 0008288 W EP0008288 W EP 0008288W WO 0217616 A1 WO0217616 A1 WO 0217616A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- font
- digital
- signature
- digital watermark
- watermark
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
- H04N1/32—Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
- H04N1/32101—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
- H04N1/32144—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title embedded in the image data, i.e. enclosed or integrated in the image, e.g. watermark, super-imposed logo or stamp
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T1/00—General purpose image data processing
- G06T1/0021—Image watermarking
- G06T1/005—Robust watermarking, e.g. average attack or collusion attack resistant
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
- H04N1/32—Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
- H04N1/32101—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
- H04N1/32144—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title embedded in the image data, i.e. enclosed or integrated in the image, e.g. watermark, super-imposed logo or stamp
- H04N1/32149—Methods relating to embedding, encoding, decoding, detection or retrieval operations
- H04N1/32154—Transform domain methods
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
- H04N1/32—Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
- H04N1/32101—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
- H04N1/32144—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title embedded in the image data, i.e. enclosed or integrated in the image, e.g. watermark, super-imposed logo or stamp
- H04N1/32149—Methods relating to embedding, encoding, decoding, detection or retrieval operations
- H04N1/32203—Spatial or amplitude domain methods
Definitions
- Digital watermarks in pictures and video recordings are just as well known as the four-dimensional signature with normal or special pens.
- the script sample or signature captured by the EP 0560356 method or a special pen method its digital values and that itself to add a digital watermark to the document above.
- This digital watermark is generated and certified with a signature, never exactly the same, of the signatory, or with the signature of an authorized person or witness of the sample. Compresses of the digital values of the font sample are also used.
- the watermark can be generated with a handwritten password or a password that is entered using a commercially available keyboard or a PIN. It is then intended to generate a biometric feature from the individual stroke sequence and the typical stroke pressure when entering the numbers or letters.
- map of a digitized script sample is used as a watermark, this map later serves as a basis for comparison of the signature or the password written by hand.
- the digital watermark is generated from the individual electrical data from the resistance values of the detection devices, for example the load cells from the EP 0560356 method or the load cell of a special pen. Furthermore, it is provided that the digital watermark from the Generate stored data of a smart, credit, customer or check card. This could be the card account number or a particularly encrypted number and letter sequence that is generated each time.
- the keys of a "digital signature" are also suitable Combinations of the individual processes.
- the digital watermarks usually used for images are so robust that they are complete and recognizable even after several transfers, copies or prints.
- the digital watermark should be set according to the intended use.
- the watermark may only appear completely on an original printout, a copy loses so much information that it is immediately recognizable as a copy.
- the data generated by the further signature is saved in the first font, for example as follows: By protrusions and recesses on the edges of the signature line, and / or by color and / or brightness changes or frequency changes of the signature line or digitally at any point in the document.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Editing Of Facsimile Originals (AREA)
- Image Processing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Digitales Wasserzeichen für eigenhändig geleistete Unterschriften Digital watermark for handwritten signatures
Digitale Wasserzeichen in Bildern und Videoaufzeichnungen sind ebenso bekannt wie die vierdimensional erfaßte Unterschrift mit normalen oder speziellen Stiften.Digital watermarks in pictures and video recordings are just as well known as the four-dimensional signature with normal or special pens.
Tatsächlicher Grund die eigenhändige Unterschrift durch „Besitz (Smartcard) und Wissen (PIN oder Paßwort statt Unterschrift) zu ersetzen ist aber die bis zur Anmeldung von EP 0560356 nicht befriedigend gelöste Aufgabe zur Erfassung der eigenhändigen Unterschrift mit Normalstiften.The actual reason for replacing the handwritten signature with “possession (smartcard) and knowledge (PIN or password instead of signature) is the task of capturing the handwritten signature with normal pens which was not satisfactorily solved until the application for EP 0560356.
Bei der Übertragung von Daten in unsicheren öffentlichen Netzen ist jedoch nie auszuschließen, daß Unbefugte Daten abgreifen und manipulieren. Hier sind digitale Siegel ein brauchbares Abwehrmittel Allerdings ist fraglich, ob ein solch starkes und aufwendiges Verfahren immer gerechtfertigt ist. Oft genügt es ein Dokument zu faxen oder zu mailen. Vorgenanntes ist z.B. bei kleineren Bestellungen. oder kurzen Nachrichten über Internet oder Fax völlig ausreichend.When transferring data in insecure public networks, however, it can never be ruled out that unauthorized persons may tap and manipulate data. Digital seals are a useful means of defense here. However, it is questionable whether such a powerful and complex process is always justified. It is often sufficient to fax or email a document. The above is e.g. for smaller orders. or short messages via Internet or fax are sufficient.
Allerdings möchte der Empfänger der Bestellung oder Nachricht wissen, wer tatsächlich der Absender ist. Die eigenhändige Unterschrift unter dem Dokument wäre hier sehr hilfreich. Auch in einen papierlosen Workflowmanagement müssen ständig Dokumente eigenhändig unterschrieben werden. Herzu gilt sinngemäß das Vorgesagte. Diese Aufgabe wird z.B. mit EP 0560356 gelöst. Sicherheitsbewußte könnten jedoch einwenden, daß die mit dem EP 0560356-Verfahren aufgenommene Unterschrift ebenfalls zu manipulieren sei. Ferner kann beim späteren Übertragen der mit EP 0560356 aufgenommenen Unterschrift als Faksimile auf ein Papierdokument nicht absolut die Echtheit einer Unterschrift festgestellt werden. Seriöse Schriftexperten lehnen die Begutachtung fotomechanisch erstellter Bilder einer Unterschrift ab. Grund: Der Schriftdruck in das Papier wird mit 80%, die Schriftgrafik lediglich mit 20% bewertet. Die ebenfalls personentypische Schreibzeit fehlt auf Papier naturgemäß ganz.However, the recipient of the order or message wants to know who the sender actually is. The handwritten signature under the document would be very helpful here. Even in paperless workflow management, documents always have to be signed by hand. The same applies accordingly. This task is solved, for example, with EP 0560356. Security-conscious people could object, however, that the signature recorded with the EP 0560356 method should also be manipulated. Furthermore, when the signature recorded with EP 0560356 is subsequently transferred as a facsimile to a paper document, the authenticity of a signature cannot be determined absolutely. Serious typeface experts reject the assessment of photo-mechanically created images of a signature. Reason: The lettering on the paper is rated at 80%, the lettering graphics at only 20%. The writing time, which is also typical for people, is naturally completely lacking on paper.
Um eine eigenhändig geleistete Unterschrift auch nach elektronischer Aufnahme, Verarbeitung, Weiterleitung und dem fotomechanischen Wiederaufbau als ein individuelles Handzeichen akzeptieren zu können, wird vorgeschlagen die mit dem EP 0560356-Verfahren oder einem Spezialstift-Verfahren erfaßte Schriftprobe oder Unterschrift, ihre digitalen Werte und das sich darüber befindliche Dokument mit einem digitalen Wasserzeichen zu versehen. Dieses digitale Wasserzeichen wird mit einer, niemals exakt gleichen, Folgeunterschrift des Unterzeichners oder mit der Unterschrift eines Berechtigten oder Zeugen der Schriftprobe generiert und beglaubigt. Es kommen auch Komprimate der digitalen Werte der Schriftprobe zur Anwendung.In order to be able to accept a handwritten signature as an individual hand sign even after electronic recording, processing, forwarding and photomechanical reconstruction, it is proposed that the script sample or signature captured by the EP 0560356 method or a special pen method, its digital values and that itself to add a digital watermark to the document above. This digital watermark is generated and certified with a signature, never exactly the same, of the signatory, or with the signature of an authorized person or witness of the sample. Compresses of the digital values of the font sample are also used.
Da eine eigenhändig geleistete Schriftprobe niemals mit einer vorherigen oder folgenden exakt übereinstimmt, wird ein doppelt erscheinendes Wasserzeichen als gefälscht entlarvt.Since a handwritten script sample never exactly matches a previous or subsequent one, a duplicate watermark is exposed as fake.
Ebenso kann das Wasserzeichen mit einem eigenhändigen geschriebenen oder mittels handelsüblicher Tastatur erfaßten Paßwort oder einer PIN erzeugt werden. Dann ist es vorgesehen, aus der individuellen Anschlagfolge und dem personentypischen Anschlagdruck bei der Eingabe der Zahlen oder Buchstabenfolge ein biometrisches Merkmal zu erzeugen.Likewise, the watermark can be generated with a handwritten password or a password that is entered using a commercially available keyboard or a PIN. It is then intended to generate a biometric feature from the individual stroke sequence and the typical stroke pressure when entering the numbers or letters.
Eine zusätzliche Verschlüsselung des digitalen Wasserzeichens genügt den allerhöchsten Sicherheitsansprüchen. Das Lesen oder die Wiedererkennung des Wasserzeichens gelingt dann nur mit dem richtigen Schlüssel. Bei Ausdruck des Dokumentes, wird automatisch, aber augenscheinlich unsichtbar, das digitale Wasserzeichen in einer vorzuwählenden Qualität in die Faksimile der Unterschrift oder Schriftprobe integriert. Ein handelsüblicher, mit der entsprechenden Software ausgerüsteter Scanner kann dieses Wasserzeichen erkennen.Additional encryption of the digital watermark meets the highest security requirements. Reading or recognizing the watermark is only possible with the right key. When the document is printed, the digital watermark is automatically, but apparently invisible, integrated into the facsimile of the signature or sample in a preselectable quality. A commercially available scanner equipped with the appropriate software can recognize this watermark.
Wird das Kennfeld einer digitalisierten Schriftprobe als Wasserzeichen genutzt, dient dieses Kennfeld später als Vergleichsgrundlage der Unterschrift oder des eigenhändig geschriebenen Paßwortes.If the map of a digitized script sample is used as a watermark, this map later serves as a basis for comparison of the signature or the password written by hand.
Weiterhin ist vorgesehen, das digitale Wasserzeichen aus den individuellen elektrischen Da*^_ «(i den Widerstandswerten der Erfassungsgeräte, z.B. der Wägezellen aus dem EP 0560356-Verfahren oder der Wägezelle eines SpezialStiftes, zu erzeugen. Ferner ist vorgesehen, das digitale Wasserzeichen aus den gespeicherten Daten einer Smart-, Kredit-, Kunden- oder Scheckkarte zu generieren. Dies könnten die Karten-Kontonummer oder eine besonders verschlüsselte und bei jedem Gebrauch neu erzeugte Zahl- und Buchstabenfolge sein. Ebenso geeignet sind die Schlüssel einer „digitalen Signatur" und geeignete Kombinationen der einzelnen Verfahren.It is also provided that the digital watermark is generated from the individual electrical data from the resistance values of the detection devices, for example the load cells from the EP 0560356 method or the load cell of a special pen. Furthermore, it is provided that the digital watermark from the Generate stored data of a smart, credit, customer or check card. This could be the card account number or a particularly encrypted number and letter sequence that is generated each time. The keys of a "digital signature" are also suitable Combinations of the individual processes.
Die üblicherweise bei Bildern eingesetzten digitalen Wasserzeichen sind so robust gestaltet, daß sie selbst nach mehreren Übertragungen, Kopien oder Ausdrucken noch vollständig und erkennbar sind.The digital watermarks usually used for images are so robust that they are complete and recognizable even after several transfers, copies or prints.
Bei dem vorgeschlagenen Verfahren soll das digitale Wasserzeichen wunschgemäß dem Einsatzzweck entsprechend eingestellt werden. Bei Verträgen z.B. darf das Wasserzeichen nur auf einem Originalausdruck vollständig erscheinen, eine Kopie verliert so viel an Information, daß sie auch sofort als Kopie erkennbar ist.In the proposed method, the digital watermark should be set according to the intended use. For contracts e.g. the watermark may only appear completely on an original printout, a copy loses so much information that it is immediately recognizable as a copy.
Die durch die weitere Unterschrift erzeugten Daten werden bei der ersten Schrift beispielsweise wie folgt gespeichert: Durch Vorsprünge und Ausnehmungen an den Rändern der Unterschriftslinie, und/oder durch Färb- und/oder Helligkeitsänderungen bzw. Frequenzänderungen der Unterschriftslinie oder digital an einer beliebigen Stelle des Dokuments. The data generated by the further signature is saved in the first font, for example as follows: By protrusions and recesses on the edges of the signature line, and / or by color and / or brightness changes or frequency changes of the signature line or digitally at any point in the document.
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2000/008288 WO2002017616A1 (en) | 2000-08-24 | 2000-08-24 | Digital watermark for personal signatures |
| AU2000268408A AU2000268408A1 (en) | 2000-08-24 | 2000-08-24 | Digital watermark for personal signatures |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2000/008288 WO2002017616A1 (en) | 2000-08-24 | 2000-08-24 | Digital watermark for personal signatures |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2002017616A1 true WO2002017616A1 (en) | 2002-02-28 |
Family
ID=8164070
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2000/008288 Ceased WO2002017616A1 (en) | 2000-08-24 | 2000-08-24 | Digital watermark for personal signatures |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU2000268408A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2002017616A1 (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0560356A2 (en) * | 1992-03-13 | 1993-09-15 | Baltus, René | Apparatus for checking writing |
| US5544255A (en) * | 1994-08-31 | 1996-08-06 | Peripheral Vision Limited | Method and system for the capture, storage, transport and authentication of handwritten signatures |
| EP0982927A1 (en) * | 1998-08-28 | 2000-03-01 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Method of generating authentication-enabled electronic data |
-
2000
- 2000-08-24 AU AU2000268408A patent/AU2000268408A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-08-24 WO PCT/EP2000/008288 patent/WO2002017616A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0560356A2 (en) * | 1992-03-13 | 1993-09-15 | Baltus, René | Apparatus for checking writing |
| US5544255A (en) * | 1994-08-31 | 1996-08-06 | Peripheral Vision Limited | Method and system for the capture, storage, transport and authentication of handwritten signatures |
| EP0982927A1 (en) * | 1998-08-28 | 2000-03-01 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Method of generating authentication-enabled electronic data |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| BRUYNE DE P: "DYNAMIC SIGNATURE VERIFICATION USING YOUR OWN PEN", PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CARNAHAN CONFERENCE ON SECURITY TECHNOLOGY: CRIME COUNTERMEASURES,US,NEW YORK, IEEE, vol. -, 5 October 1988 (1988-10-05), pages 5 - 8, XP000092872 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2000268408A1 (en) | 2002-03-04 |
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