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WO2002012310A1 - Nouveau polypeptide, sous-unite de proteine g humaine 12.65, et polynucleotide codant ce polypeptide - Google Patents

Nouveau polypeptide, sous-unite de proteine g humaine 12.65, et polynucleotide codant ce polypeptide Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002012310A1
WO2002012310A1 PCT/CN2001/001020 CN0101020W WO0212310A1 WO 2002012310 A1 WO2002012310 A1 WO 2002012310A1 CN 0101020 W CN0101020 W CN 0101020W WO 0212310 A1 WO0212310 A1 WO 0212310A1
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Prior art keywords
polypeptide
human
polynucleotide
protein
protein subunit
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French (fr)
Inventor
Yumin Mao
Yi Xie
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Shanghai Biowindow Gene Development Inc
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Shanghai Biowindow Gene Development Inc
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Priority to AU93646/01A priority Critical patent/AU9364601A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07KPEPTIDES
    • C07K14/00Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • C07K14/435Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
    • C07K14/46Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates
    • C07K14/47Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates from mammals
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K48/00Medicinal preparations containing genetic material which is inserted into cells of the living body to treat genetic diseases; Gene therapy

Definitions

  • the present invention belongs to the field of biotechnology. Specifically, the present invention describes a new polypeptide—a human G protein subunit 12.65, and a polynucleotide sequence encoding the polypeptide. The invention also relates to a method and application for preparing the polynucleotide and polypeptide. Background technique
  • the evolution of organisms depends on the communication between cells. Due to the delicate division of labor among cells, some cell populations depend on other cell populations and require other cell populations to respond. This delicate intercellular communication network can control cell growth, division, death, differentiation to form tissues, and various life processes.
  • Hydrophilic signal molecules include neurotransmitters, growth factors, cytokines, local chemical transmitters, and most hormones. They cannot pass through the plasma membrane and can only bind to receptors on the cell surface to form ligand-receptor complexes for signaling. divert. According to the mechanism of signal transduction and the types of receptor proteins, cell surface receptors can be divided into three types: (1) ion channel-coupled receptors; (2) ligase surface receptors; (3) with G proteins Coupling receptor.
  • the receptor coupled to the G protein is a polypeptide surface receptor that crosses the plasma membrane seven times.
  • the binding of the ligand to the receptor changes the conformation of the receptor, allowing it to bind to the trimer of GTP-bound regulatory protein (G protein) on the inner side of the plasma membrane, and together activate the target protein (enzyme or ion channel) on the plasma membrane. ).
  • G protein GTP-bound regulatory protein
  • the ligand receptor complex acts on the effector indirectly through the G protein. Ion channels change the permeability of the plasma membrane to ions, and enzymes affect the behavior of cells by affecting intracellular substrates and other proteins.
  • the G protein couples the receptor and adenylyl cyclase, and converts extracellular signals into intracellular signals, that is, the second messenger of cAMP. Therefore, G protein is also called a coupling protein or a signal conversion protein. G protein consists of ⁇ , ⁇ and ⁇ subunits.
  • G protein has a wide range of functions in the body, involving important biological functions such as cell proliferation, signal transduction, protein synthesis, and protein localization.
  • GTP-binding proteins can be divided into various superfamilies, such as: Ras family, Rab family, etc. Each superfamily has many family members.
  • the protein synthesis elongation factor EF-Tu was the first G protein to be discovered. Later, people cloned a large number of other members of the GTP-binding protein family. member.
  • Members of the G protein family all contain a conserved GTP binding motif.
  • the GTP binding motif is used as a molecular switch in the body, and regulates the expression and non-expression of the protein through its binding to GDP and GTP. Therefore, G protein has a very important role in the body. Abnormal expression of G protein will lead to abnormal proliferation of tissue cells and abnormal expression of proteins, which will cause various related diseases, such as various malignant tumors and cancers, various Developmental disorders, various immune system diseases, etc.
  • the human G protein subunit 12.65 protein plays an important role in regulating important functions of the body, such as cell division and embryonic development, and it is believed that a large number of proteins are involved in these regulatory processes, so there has been a need to identify more involved in these processes.
  • the human G protein subunit 12.65 protein, especially the amino acid sequence of this protein is identified.
  • the new human G protein subunit 12.65 isolation of the protein-coding gene also provides a basis for research to determine the role of the protein in health and disease states. This protein may form the basis for the development of diagnostic and / or therapeutic drugs for diseases, so it is important to isolate its coding for DM. Disclosure of invention
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a polynucleotide encoding the polypeptide.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a recombinant vector containing a polynucleotide encoding a human G protein subunit 12.65.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a genetically engineered host cell containing a polynucleotide encoding a human G protein subunit 12.65.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing human G protein subunit 12.65.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an antibody against the polypeptide of the present invention-human G protein subunit 12.65. .
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide mimic compounds, antagonists, agonists, and inhibitors directed to the polypeptide of the present invention-human G protein subunit 12.65.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide diagnosis and treatment of diseases associated with abnormalities in the human G protein subunit 12.65. Disease method.
  • the present invention relates to an isolated polypeptide, which is of human origin and comprises: a polypeptide having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID No. 2, or a conservative variant, biologically active fragment or derivative thereof.
  • the polypeptide is a polypeptide having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2.
  • the invention also relates to an isolated polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence or a variant thereof selected from the group consisting of:
  • sequence of the polynucleotide is one selected from the group consisting of: (a) having SEQ ID NO: 1
  • the present invention further relates to a vector, particularly an expression vector, containing the polynucleotide of the present invention; a host cell genetically engineered with the vector, including a transformed, transduced or transfected host cell; Host cell and method of preparing the polypeptide of the present invention by recovering the expression product.
  • the invention also relates to an antibody capable of specifically binding to a polypeptide of the invention.
  • the invention also relates to a method for screening compounds that mimic, activate, antagonize or inhibit the activity of the human G protein subunit 12.65 protein, which comprises utilizing the polypeptide of the invention.
  • the invention also relates to compounds obtained by this method.
  • the invention also relates to a method for in vitro detection of a disease or disease susceptibility associated with abnormal expression of the human G protein subunit 12.65 protein, comprising detecting a mutation in the polypeptide or a polynucleotide sequence encoding the same in a biological sample, or Detection of the amount or biological activity of a polypeptide of the invention in a biological sample.
  • the invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a polypeptide of the invention or a mimetic thereof, an activator, an antagonist or an inhibitor, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • the present invention also relates to the use of the polypeptide and / or polynucleotide of the present invention in the preparation of a medicament for treating cancer, developmental disease or immune disease or other diseases caused by abnormal expression of human G protein subunit 12.65.
  • Nucleic acid sequence means: nucleotides, nucleotides or polynucleotides and fragments or parts thereof, but also: genome or synthetic DNA or RNA, which can be single-stranded or double-stranded, meaning the sense or antisense strand.
  • amino acid sequence is; peptide, peptide, polypeptide or protein sequence and fragments or parts thereof Minute.
  • a “variant" of a protein or polynucleotide refers to an amino acid sequence having one or more amino acids or nucleotide changes or a polynucleotide sequence encoding it.
  • the changes may include deletions, insertions or substitutions of amino acids or nucleotides in the amino acid sequence or nucleotide sequence.
  • Variants can have "conservative" changes, in which the amino acid substituted has a structural or chemical property similar to the original amino acid, such as replacing isoleucine with leucine.
  • Variants can also have non-conservative changes, such as replacing glycine with tryptophan.
  • “Deletion” refers to the deletion of one or more amino acids or nucleotides in an amino acid sequence or nucleotide sequence.
  • Insertion refers to an alteration in the amino acid sequence or nucleotide sequence that results in an increase in one or more amino acids or nucleotides compared to a naturally occurring molecule.
  • Replacement refers to the replacement of one or more amino acids or nucleotides with different amino acids or nucleotides.
  • Bioactivity refers to a protein that has the structure, regulation, or biochemical function of a natural molecule.
  • immunologically active refers to the ability of natural, recombinant or synthetic proteins and fragments thereof to induce a specific immune response in appropriate animals or cells and to bind to specific antibodies.
  • An "agonist” refers to a molecule that, when combined with the human G protein subunit 12. 65, causes the protein to change, thereby regulating the activity of the protein.
  • An agonist may include a protein, a nucleic acid, a carbohydrate, or any other molecule that binds to the human G protein subunit 12.65.
  • Antagonist refers to a molecule that, when combined with human G protein subunit 12. 65, can block or regulate the biological or immunological activity of human G protein subunit 12. 65.
  • Antagonists and inhibitors may include proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, or any other molecule that binds to the human G protein subunit 12.65. .
  • Regular refers to a change in the function of human G protein subunit 12.65, including an increase or decrease in protein activity, a change in binding characteristics, and any other biological property, function, or immunity of human G protein subunit 12.65 Change of nature.
  • substantially pure ' means essentially free of other proteins, lipids, sugars or other substances with which it is naturally associated.
  • Those skilled in the art can purify the human G protein subunit 12.65 using standard protein purification techniques.
  • the substantially pure human G protein subunit 12.65 can generate a single main band on a non-reducing polyacrylamide gel.
  • the purity of the human G protein subunit 12.65 polypeptide can be analyzed by amino acid sequence.
  • Complementary refers to a polynucleotide that naturally binds by base-pairing under conditions of acceptable salt concentration and temperature.
  • sequence "C-T-G-A” can be combined with the complementary sequence "G-A-C-T”.
  • the complementarity between two single-stranded molecules may be partial or complete.
  • the degree of complementarity between nucleic acid strands has a significant effect on the efficiency and strength of hybridization between nucleic acid strands.
  • “Homology” refers to the degree of complementarity and can be partially homologous or completely homologous.
  • Partial homology refers to a partially complementary sequence that at least partially inhibits hybridization of a fully complementary sequence to a target nucleic acid. This inhibition of hybridization can be detected by performing hybridization (Southern imprinting or Nor thern blotting, etc.) under conditions of reduced stringency.
  • Substantially homologous sequences or hybridization probes can compete and inhibit the binding of fully homologous sequences to the target sequence under conditions of reduced stringency. This does not mean that conditions with reduced stringency allow non-specific binding, because conditions with reduced stringency require that the two sequences bind to each other as either specific or selective interactions.
  • Percent identity refers to the percentage of sequences that are identical or similar in the comparison of two or more amino acid or nucleic acid sequences. The percent identity can be determined electronically, such as by the MEGALIGN program (Lasergene sof tware package, DNASTAR, Inc., Madi son Wis.). The MEGALIGN program can compare two or more sequences according to different methods such as the Clus ter method (Hi gg ins, DG and PM Sharp (1988) Gene 73: 237-244). 0 The Clus ter method will check the distance between all pairs by Groups of sequences are arranged in clusters. The clusters are then assigned in pairs or groups.
  • the percent identity between two amino acid sequences such as sequence A and sequence B is calculated by the following formula: The number of matching residues between sequence A and sequence X 100 The number of residues in sequence A-the number of spacer residues in sequence A The number of spacer residues in a sequence B can also be determined by the Clus ter method or by a method known in the art such as Jotun He in.
  • the percent identity between nucleic acid sequences He in J., (1990) Methods in emzumo logy 183: 625 -645) "" Similarity "refers to the degree of identical or conservative substitutions of amino acid residues at corresponding positions in the alignment of amino acid sequences.
  • Amino acids used for conservative substitutions may include aspart Acids and glutamic acid; Positively charged amino acids can include lysine and arginine; Amino acids with similarly hydrophilic head groups that have no charge can include leucine, isoleucine, and valine Acids; glycine and alanine; asparagine and glutamine; serine and threonine; phenylalanine and tyrosine.
  • Antisense refers to a nucleotide sequence that is complementary to a particular DM or RM sequence.
  • Antisense strand refers to a nucleic acid strand that is complementary to a “sense strand.”
  • Derivative refers to a chemical modification of HFP or a nucleic acid encoding it. This chemical modification may be the replacement of a hydrogen atom with an alkyl, acyl or amino group. Nucleic acid derivatives encode major organisms that retain natural molecules Peptides with chemical properties.
  • Antibody refers to a complete antibody molecule and its fragments, such as Fa,? ( ⁇ ') 2 and? , It can specifically bind to the epitope of human G protein subunit 12.65.
  • a “humanized antibody” refers to an antibody in which the amino acid sequence of a non-antigen binding region is replaced to become more similar to a human antibody, but still retains the original binding activity.
  • isolated refers to the removal of a substance from its original environment (for example, its natural environment if it is naturally occurring).
  • a naturally-occurring polynucleotide or polypeptide is not isolated when it is present in a living thing, but the same polynucleotide or polypeptide is separated from some or all of the substances that coexist with it in the natural system.
  • Such a polynucleotide may be part of a certain vector, or such a polynucleotide or polypeptide may be part of a certain composition. Since the carrier or composition is not part of its natural environment, they are still isolated.
  • isolated refers to the separation of a substance from its original environment (if it is a natural substance, the original environment is the natural environment).
  • polynucleotides and polypeptides in a natural state in a living cell are not isolated and purified, but the same polynucleotides or polypeptides are separated and purified if they are separated from other substances in the natural state .
  • isolated human G protein subunit 12. 65 refers to human G protein subunit 12. 65 which is essentially free of other proteins, lipids, sugars or other substances with which it is naturally associated. Those skilled in the art can purify human G protein subunits 12.65 using standard protein purification techniques. Substantially pure polypeptides can produce a single main band on a non-reducing polyacrylamide gel. Human G protein subunit 12. 65 The purity of the peptide can be analyzed by amino acid sequence.
  • the present invention provides a new polypeptide-human G protein subunit 12.65, which is basically composed of the amino acid sequence shown in SBQ ID NO: 2.
  • the polypeptide of the present invention may be a recombinant polypeptide, a natural polypeptide, or a synthetic polypeptide, and preferably a recombinant polypeptide.
  • the polypeptides of the invention can be naturally purified products, or chemically synthesized products, or produced using recombinant techniques from prokaryotic or eukaryotic hosts (e.g., bacteria, yeast, higher plants, insects, and mammalian cells). Depending on the host used in the recombinant production protocol, the polypeptide of the invention may be glycosylated, or it may be non-glycosylated. Polypeptides of the invention may also include or exclude starting methionine residues.
  • the invention also includes fragments, derivatives and analogs of the human G protein subunit 12.65.
  • fragment refers to a polypeptide that substantially retains the same biological function or activity of the human G protein subunit 12.65 of the invention.
  • a fragment, derivative or analog of the polypeptide of the present invention may be: (I) a kind in which one or more amino acid residues are substituted with conservative or non-conservative amino acid residues (preferably conservative amino acid residues), and the substitution
  • the amino acid may or may not be encoded by the genetic code; or ( ⁇ ) such a type in which one or more amino acid residues A group on a base is substituted by another group to include a substituent; or (III) a type in which the mature polypeptide is fused with another compound (such as a compound that prolongs the half-life of the polypeptide, such as polyethylene glycol); or ( IV) A polypeptide sequence (such as a leader sequence or a secreted sequence or a sequence used to purify this polypeptide or a protease sequence) formed by fusing an additional amino acid sequence into a mature polypeptide.
  • such fragments, derivatives Analogs and analogs are considered to be within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
  • the present invention provides an isolated nucleic acid (polynucleotide), which basically consists of a polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2.
  • the polynucleotide sequence of the present invention includes the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1.
  • the polynucleotide of the present invention is found from a cDNA library of human fetal brain tissue. It contains a polynucleotide sequence of 2508 bases in length and its open reading frame 1783-21 30 encodes 115 amino acids.
  • the polynucleotide of the present invention may be in the form of DNA or RNA.
  • DNA forms include cDNA, genomic DM, or synthetic DNA.
  • DNA can be single-stranded or double-stranded.
  • DNA can be coding or non-coding.
  • the coding region sequence encoding a mature polypeptide may be the same as the coding region sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 or a degenerate variant.
  • a “degenerate variant” refers to a nucleic acid sequence encoding a protein or polypeptide having SEQ ID NO: 2 but having a sequence different from the coding region sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 in the present invention.
  • the polynucleotide encoding the mature polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 2 includes: only the coding sequence of the mature polypeptide; the coding sequence of the mature polypeptide and various additional coding sequences; the coding sequence of the mature polypeptide (and optional additional coding sequences); Coding sequence.
  • polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide refers to a polynucleotide comprising the polypeptide and a polynucleotide comprising additional coding and / or non-coding sequences.
  • the invention also relates to variants of the polynucleotides described above, which encode polypeptides or fragments, analogs and derivatives of polypeptides having the same amino acid sequence as the invention.
  • Variants of this polynucleotide can be naturally occurring allelic variants or non-naturally occurring variants. These nucleotide variants include substitution variants, deletion variants, and insertion variants.
  • an allelic variant is an alternative form of a polynucleotide that may be a substitution, deletion, or insertion of one or more nucleotides, but does not substantially change the function of the polypeptide it encodes .
  • the invention also relates to a polynucleotide that hybridizes to the sequence described above (having at least 50%, preferably 70% identity between the two sequences).
  • the invention particularly relates to polynucleotides that can hybridize to the polynucleotides of the invention under stringent conditions.
  • “strict conditions” means: (1) in the lower Hybridization and elution at ionic strength and higher temperature, such as 0.2xSSC, 0.1% SDS, 6 (TC; or (2) Add a denaturant during hybridization, such as 50% (v / v) formamide, 0.1 ° / »Calf serum / 0.1% Ficoll, 42 ° C, etc .; or (3) hybridization occurs only when the identity between the two sequences is at least 95% or more, and more preferably 97% or more.
  • the polypeptide encoded by the hybridized polynucleotide has the same biological function and activity as the mature polypeptide shown in SEQ ID NO: 2.
  • nucleic acid fragments that hybridize to the sequences described above.
  • a "nucleic acid fragment” contains at least 10 nucleotides in length, preferably at least 20-30 nucleotides, more preferably at least 50-60 nucleotides, and most preferably at least 100 cores. Glycylic acid or more. Nucleic acid fragments can also be used in nucleic acid amplification techniques (such as PCR) to identify and / or isolate polynucleotides encoding the human G protein subunit 12.65.
  • polypeptides and polynucleotides in the present invention are preferably provided in an isolated form and are more preferably purified to homogeneity.
  • the specific polynucleotide sequence encoding the human G protein subunit 12.65 of the present invention can be obtained by various methods.
  • polynucleotides are isolated using hybridization techniques well known in the art. These techniques include, but are not limited to: 1) hybridization of probes to genomic or cDNA libraries to detect homologous polynucleotide sequences, and 2) antibody screening of expression libraries to detect cloned polynucleosides with common structural characteristics Acid fragments.
  • the DNA fragment sequence of the present invention can also be obtained by the following methods: 1) separating the double-stranded DM sequence from the DM of the genome; 2) chemically synthesizing the DNA sequence to obtain the double-stranded DNA of the polypeptide.
  • genomic DM is the least commonly used. Direct chemical synthesis of DM sequences is often the method of choice. The more commonly used method is the isolation of cDNA sequences.
  • the standard method for isolating the CDM of interest is to isolate mRM from donor cells that overexpress the gene and perform reverse transcription to form a plasmid or phage cDNA library.
  • kits are also commercially available (Qiagene).
  • CDNA library is constructed in a conventional method (Sambrook, et al., Molecular Cloning, A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. New York, 1989) 0 commercially available cDNA library may also be obtained, such as different cDM the Clontech library. When polymerase reaction technology is used in combination, even very small expression products can be cloned.
  • the genes of the present invention can be selected from these cDNA libraries by conventional methods. These methods include (but are not limited to): (l) DNA-DM or DNA-RM hybridization; (2) the presence or absence of a marker gene function; (3) measuring the level of the transcript of the human G protein subunit 12.65; (4) ) Detection of protein products expressed by genes through immunological techniques or determination of biological activity. The above methods can be used singly or in combination.
  • the probe used for hybridization is homologous to any part of the polynucleotide of the present invention, and its length is at least 10 nucleotides, preferably at least 30 nucleotides, more preferably At least 50 nucleotides, preferably at least 100 nucleotides.
  • the length of the probe is usually within 2000 nucleotides, preferably within 1000 nucleotides.
  • the probes used here are usually the gene sequence information of the present invention Based on the chemically synthesized DM sequence. The genes or fragments of the present invention can of course be used as probes.
  • DM probes can be labeled with radioisotopes, luciferin, or enzymes (such as alkaline phosphatase).
  • immunological techniques such as Western blotting, radioimmunoprecipitation, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) can be used to detect the protein product expressed by the human G protein subunit 12.65 gene.
  • the RACE method RACE-Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends
  • the primers used for PCR can be appropriately based on the polynucleotide sequence information of the present invention disclosed herein. Select and synthesize using conventional methods.
  • the amplified DNA / RNA fragments can be isolated and purified by conventional methods such as by gel electrophoresis.
  • polynucleotide sequence of the gene of the present invention or various DNA fragments and the like obtained as described above can be determined by a conventional method such as dideoxy chain termination method (Sanger et al. PNAS, 1977, 74: 5463-5467). Such polynucleotide sequences can also be determined using commercial sequencing kits and the like. In order to obtain the full-length cDNA sequence, the sequencing must be repeated. Sometimes it is necessary to determine the cDNA sequence of multiple clones in order to splice into a full-length cDNA sequence.
  • the present invention also relates to a vector comprising the polynucleotide of the present invention, and a host cell produced by genetic engineering using the vector of the present invention or directly using a human G protein subunit 12.65 coding sequence, and a method for producing a polypeptide of the present invention by recombinant technology. .
  • a polynucleotide sequence encoding the human G protein subunit 12.65 can be inserted into a vector to constitute a recombinant vector containing the polynucleotide of the present invention.
  • vector refers to bacterial plasmids, phages, yeast plasmids, plant cell viruses, mammalian cell viruses such as adenoviruses, retroviruses, or other vectors well known in the art.
  • Vectors suitable for use in the present invention include, but are not limited to: T7 promoter-based expression vectors (Rosenberg, et al.
  • any plasmid and vector can be used to construct a recombinant expression vector.
  • An important feature of expression vectors is that they usually contain origins of replication, promoters, marker genes, and translational regulatory elements.
  • Methods known to those skilled in the art can be used to construct expression vectors containing a DNA sequence encoding the human G protein subunit 12.65 and appropriate transcription / translation regulatory elements. These methods include in vitro recombinant DNA technology, DNA synthesis technology, and in vivo recombination technology (Sambroook, et al. Molecular Cloning, a Laboratory Manual, cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. New York, 1989).
  • the DNA sequence can be operably linked to an appropriate promoter in an expression vector to guide mRNA synthesis. Representative examples of these promoters are: the lac or trp promoter of E.
  • eukaryotic promoters include the CMV immediate early promoter, HSV thymidine kinase promoter, early and late SV40 promoters, retroviral LTRs, and other known controllable genes in prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells or A promoter expressed in its virus.
  • the expression vector also includes a ribosome binding site and a transcription terminator for translation initiation. Insertion of enhancer sequences into the vector will enhance its transcription in higher eukaryotic cells. Enhancers are cis-acting factors for DNA expression, usually about 10 to 300 base pairs, which act on promoters to enhance gene transcription. Illustrative examples include SV40 enhancers from 100 to 270 base pairs on the late side of the origin of replication, polyoma enhancers on the late side of the origin of replication, and adenovirus enhancers.
  • the expression vector preferably contains one or more selectable marker genes to provide phenotypic traits for selection of transformed host cells, such as dihydrofolate reductase, neomycin resistance, and green for eukaryotic cell culture.
  • selectable marker genes to provide phenotypic traits for selection of transformed host cells, such as dihydrofolate reductase, neomycin resistance, and green for eukaryotic cell culture.
  • GFP fluorescent protein
  • tetracycline or ampicillin resistance for E. coli.
  • a polynucleotide encoding a human G protein subunit 12.65 or a recombinant vector containing the polynucleotide can be transformed or transduced into a host cell to form a genetically engineered host cell containing the polynucleotide or the recombinant vector.
  • the term "host cell” refers to a prokaryotic cell, such as a bacterial cell; or a lower eukaryotic cell, such as a yeast cell; or a higher eukaryotic cell, such as a mammalian cell. Representative examples are: E.
  • coli Streptomyces
  • bacterial cells such as Salmonella typhimurium
  • fungal cells such as yeast
  • plant cells insect cells
  • fly S 2 or Sf 9 animal cells
  • animal cells such as CH0, COS or Bowes s melanoma cells Wait.
  • Transformation of a host cell with a DNA sequence described in the present invention or a recombinant vector containing the DNA sequence can be performed using conventional techniques well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the host is a prokaryote such as E. coli
  • competent cells capable of DNA uptake can be in the exponential growth phase were harvested, treated with CaC l 2 method used in steps well known in the art. The alternative is to use MgC l 2 .
  • transformation can also be performed by electroporation.
  • the host is a eukaryotic organism, the following DM transfection methods can be used: calcium phosphate co-precipitation method, or conventional mechanical methods such as microinjection, electroporation, and liposome packaging.
  • polynucleotide sequence of the present invention can be used to express or produce recombinant human G protein subunits 12. 65 (Scence, 1984; 224: 14 31). Generally, the following steps are taken:
  • step (3) Isolate and purify protein from culture medium or cells.
  • the medium used in the culture may be selected from various conventional mediums. Culture is performed under conditions suitable for host cell growth. After the host cells have grown to an appropriate cell density, the selected promoter is induced by a suitable method (such as temperature conversion or chemical induction), and the cells are cultured for a period of time.
  • the recombinant polypeptide may be coated in a cell, expressed on a cell membrane, or secreted outside the cell.
  • recombinant proteins can be separated and purified by various separation methods using their physical, chemical and other properties. These methods are well known to those skilled in the art. These methods include, but are not limited to: conventional renaturation treatment, protein precipitant treatment (salting out method), centrifugation, osmotic disruption, ultrasonic treatment, ultracentrifugation, molecular sieve chromatography (gel filtration), adsorption chromatography, ion Exchange chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and various other liquid chromatography techniques and combinations of these methods.
  • conventional renaturation treatment protein precipitant treatment (salting out method), centrifugation, osmotic disruption, ultrasonic treatment, ultracentrifugation, molecular sieve chromatography (gel filtration), adsorption chromatography, ion Exchange chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography
  • FIG. 1 is a comparison diagram of gene chip expression profiles of the human G protein subunit 12.65 and human G protein ⁇ 4 subunit of the present invention.
  • the upper graph is a graph of the expression profile of the human G protein subunit 12. 65
  • the lower graph is the graph of the expression profile of the human G protein ⁇ 4 subunit.
  • Figure 2 shows the polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of the isolated human G protein subunit 12.65. 13kDa is the molecular weight of the protein. The arrow indicates the isolated protein band. The best way to implement the invention
  • Total human fetal brain RNA was extracted by one-step method with guanidine isothiocyanate / phenol / chloroform.
  • Quik mRNA Isola t ion Ki t (Qiegene product) Isolate poly (A) mRNA from total RNA. 2ug poly (A) mRNA is reverse transcribed to form cDNA.
  • the Sn rt cDNA cloning kit purchased from C1 ontech) was used to insert the 00 fragment into the multiple cloning site of the pBSK (+) vector (Clontech) to transform DH5a.
  • the bacteria formed a cDNA library.
  • Dye terminate cycle reaction sequencing kit Perldn-Elmer
  • ABI 377 automatic sequencer Perkin-Elmer
  • the determined cDNA sequence was compared with an existing public DNA sequence database (Genebank), and it was found that the cDNA sequence of one of the clones 0980c08 was new DNA.
  • a series of primers were synthesized to determine the inserted cDNA fragments of the clone in both directions.
  • CDNA was synthesized using fetal brain total RNA as a template and oligo-dT as a primer for reverse transcription reaction. After purification using Qiagene's kit, the following primers were used for PCR amplification:
  • Primerl 5,-GTAACCTCATAGTACTGGACCAAT —3, (SEQ ID NO: 3)
  • Primer2 5 — CATAAACTATCAAGCAATTCATGG-3, (SEQ ID NO: 4)
  • Primerl is a forward sequence starting at lbp of the 5th end of SEQ ID NO: 1;
  • Primer2 is the 3 'end reverse sequence in SEQ ID NO: 1.
  • RNA extraction in one step [Anal. Biochem 1987, 162, 156-159] 0
  • This method involves acid guanidinium thiocyanate-chloroform extraction. That is, the tissue is homogenized with 4M guanidine isothiocyanate-25mM sodium citrate, 0.2M sodium acetate (pH4.0), and 1 time volume of phenol and 1/5 volume of chloroform-isoamyl alcohol (49: 1 ), Mix and centrifuge. Aspirate the aqueous layer, add isopropanol (0.8 vol) and centrifuge the mixture to obtain RNA precipitate. Will The resulting RNA pellet was washed with 70% ethanol, dried and dissolved in water.
  • a 32P-labeled probe (about 2 x 10 6 cpm / ml) was hybridized with a nitrocellulose membrane to which RNA was transferred at 42 ° C overnight in a solution containing 50% formamide-25mM H 2 P0 4 (pH7.4)-5 x SSC-5 x Denhardt's solution and 200 g / ml salmon sperm DNA. After hybridization, place the filter at 1 x SSC-0.1 ° /. Wash in SDS at 55 ° C for 30 min. Then, Phosphor Imager was used for analysis and quantification.
  • Example 4 In vitro expression, isolation and purification of recombinant human G protein subunit 12.65
  • Primer3 5'-CATGCTAGCATGGGGGGGGCGGAGTGAGCGGTGAA-3 '(Seq ID No: 5)
  • Primer4 5'— CCCGAATTCTCATGCCTGTAATCCCAGCACTTT-3, (Seq ID No: 6)
  • the 5' ends of these two primers contain Nhel and EcoRI digestion sites, respectively.
  • the coding sequences of the 5 'and 3' ends of the gene of interest are followed, respectively.
  • the Nhel and EcoRI restriction sites correspond to the selectivity within the expression vector plasmid pET-28b (+) (Novagen, Cat. No. 69865.3). Digestion site.
  • PCR was performed using the pBS-0980C08 plasmid containing the full-length target gene as a template.
  • the PCR reaction conditions were as follows: a total volume of 50 ⁇ 1 containing 10 pg of pBS-0980c08 plasmid, primers Primer-3 and Primer-4 were added!] Is lpmol, Advantage polymerase Mix (Clontech) 1 ⁇ 1. Cycle parameters: 94. C 20s, 60 ° C 30s, 68 ° C 2 min, a total of 25 cycles. Nhel and EcoRI were used to double digest the amplified product and plasmid pET-28 (+), respectively, and large fragments were recovered and ligated with T4 ligase.
  • the ligation product was transformed into E. coli DH5CC using the calcium chloride method. After being cultured overnight on LB plates containing kanamycin (final concentration 30 g / ml), positive clones were selected by colony PCR method and sequenced. A positive clone (pET-0980c08) with the correct sequence was selected, and the recombinant plasmid was transformed into E. coli BL21 (DE3) plySs (product of Novagen) using the calcium chloride method. The host strain BL21 (pET-0980c08) was at 37 in LB liquid medium containing kanamycin (final concentration 30 g / ml). C.
  • Polypeptide synthesizer (product of PE company) was used to synthesize the following human G protein subunit 12.65-specific peptides: NH 2 -Me t -G 1 yG 1 yG 1 y- Va 1 -Ser-G 1 yG 1 uH is -Th r -G 1 uG 1 nA s n-Leu-A r g- COOH (SEQ ID NO: 7).
  • the polypeptide is coupled to hemocyanin and bovine serum albumin to form a complex, respectively. For methods, see: Avrameas, et al. Immunochemi stry, 1969; 6:43.
  • the suitable oligonucleotide fragments selected from the polynucleotides of the present invention are used as hybridization probes in various aspects.
  • the probes can be used to hybridize to the genome or CDM library of normal tissues or pathological tissues from different sources to It is determined whether it contains the polynucleotide sequence of the present invention and a homologous polynucleotide sequence is detected.
  • the probe can be used to detect the polynucleotide sequence of the present invention or its homologous polynucleotide sequence in normal tissue or pathology. Whether the expression in tissue cells is abnormal.
  • the purpose of this embodiment is to select a suitable oligonucleotide fragment from the polynucleotide SEQ ID NO: 1 of the present invention as a hybridization probe, and to identify whether some tissues contain the multinucleus of the present invention by a filter hybridization method.
  • Filter hybridization methods include dot blotting, Southern blotting, Nor thern blotting, and copying methods. They are all used to fix the polynucleotide sample to be tested on the filter and then hybridize using basically the same steps.
  • the sample-immobilized filter is first pre-hybridized with a probe-free hybridization buffer, so that the non-specific binding site of the sample on the filter is saturated with the carrier and the synthetic polymer.
  • the pre-hybridization solution is then replaced with a hybridization buffer containing the labeled probe and incubated to hybridize the probe to the target nucleic acid.
  • the unhybridized probes are removed by a series of membrane washing steps.
  • This embodiment utilizes higher-intensity washing conditions (such as lower salt concentration and higher temperature) to reduce the hybridization background and retain only strong specific signals.
  • the probes used in this embodiment include two types: the first type of probes are oligonucleotide fragments that are completely the same as or complementary to the polynucleotide SEQ ID NO: 1 of the present invention; the second type of probes are partially related to the present invention
  • the polynucleotide SEQ ID NO: 1 is the same or complementary oligonucleotide fragment.
  • the dot blot method is used to fix the sample on the filter membrane. Under the high-intensity washing conditions, the first type of probe and the sample have the strongest hybridization specificity and are retained. First, the selection of the probe
  • oligonucleotide fragments from the polynucleotide SEQ ID NO: 1 of the present invention for use as hybridization probes should follow the following principles and several aspects to be considered:
  • the preferred range of probe size is 18-50 nucleotides
  • Those that meet the above conditions can be used as primary selection probes, and then further computer sequence analysis, including the primary selection probe and its source sequence region (ie, SEQ ID NO: 1) and other unknown genomic sequences and their complements The regions are compared for homology. If the homology with the non-target molecular region is greater than 85% or there are more than 15 consecutive bases, the primary probe should not be used;
  • Probe 1 which belongs to the first type of probe, is completely homologous or complementary to the gene fragment of SEQ ID NO: 1 (41Nt):
  • Probe 1 which belongs to the second type of probe, is equivalent to the replacement mutant sequence of the gene fragment of SEQ ID NO: 1 or its complementary fragment (41Nt):
  • step 8-13 are only used when contamination must be removed, otherwise step 14 can be performed directly.
  • NC membranes nitrocellulose membranes
  • Two NC membranes are required for each probe, so that they can be used in the following experimental steps.
  • the film was washed with high-strength conditions and strength conditions, respectively.
  • Gene microarrays or DNA microarrays are new technologies currently being developed by many national laboratories and large pharmaceutical companies. It refers to the orderly and high-density arrangement of a large number of target gene fragments on glass, The data is compared and analyzed on a carrier such as silicon using fluorescence detection and computer software to achieve the purpose of rapid, efficient, and high-throughput analysis of biological information.
  • the polynucleotide of the present invention can be used as a target DM for gene chip technology for high-throughput research of new gene functions; searching for and screening new tissue-specific genes, especially new genes related to diseases such as tumors; diagnosis of diseases such as hereditary diseases .
  • the specific method steps have been reported in the literature.
  • a total of 4,000 polynucleotide sequences of various full-length cDNAs are used as target DNA, including the polynucleotide of the present invention. They were respectively amplified by PCR. After the purified amplified product was purified, the concentration was adjusted to about 500 ng / ul, and spotted on a glass medium using a Cartesian 7500 spotter (purchased from Cartesian Company, USA). The distance between the points is 280 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ . The spotted slides were hydrated, dried, and cross-linked in a UV cross-linker. After elution, the slides were fixed to fix the DNA on the glass slides to prepare chips. The specific method steps have been variously reported in the literature. The post-spot processing steps of this embodiment are:
  • Total mRNA was extracted from human mixed tissues and specific tissues (or stimulated cell lines) using a one-step method, and the mRNA was purified using Oligotex mRNA Midi Kit (purchased from QiaGen).
  • the fluorescent reagent Cy3dUTP 5-Amino-propargyl-2'-deoxyuridine 5'-triphate cou led to Cy3 fluorescent dye (purchased from Amersham Phamacia Biotech) was used to label the mRNA of human mixed tissue, and the fluorescent reagent Cy5dUTP (5 — Amino — propargy 2 2 — — deoxyuridine) 5'-triphate coupled to Cy5 fluorescent dye, purchased from Amersham Phamacia Biotech, labeled the body's specific tissue (or stimulated cell line) mRNA, and purified the probe to prepare a probe.
  • Cy3dUTP 5-Amino-propargyl-2'-deoxyuridine 5'-triphate cou led to Cy3 fluorescent dye (purchased from
  • the above specific tissues are fetal brain, bladder mucosa, and PMA +
  • Ecv304 cell line LPS + Ecv304 cell line thymus, normal fibroblasts 1024NC, Fibroblast, growth factor stimulation, 1024NT, scar into fc growth factor stimulation, 1013HT, scar into fc without growth factor stimulation, 1013HC, bladder cancer construct cell EJ bladder cancer, bladder cancer, liver cancer, liver cancer cell line, placenta, spleen, prostate cancer, jejunum adenocarcinoma, cardia cancer. Draw a graph based on these 18 Cy3 / Cy5 ratios. (figure 1 ) . It can be seen from the figure that the expression profile of human G protein subunit 12.65 and human G protein ⁇ 4 subunit according to the present invention are very similar.
  • polypeptide of the present invention and the antagonists, agonists and inhibitors of the polypeptide can be directly used in the treatment of diseases, for example, it can treat malignant tumors, adrenal deficiency, skin diseases, various inflammations, HIV infections and immune diseases.
  • the G protein-coupled receptor is a polypeptide surface receptor that crosses the plasma membrane seven times. Ligand-receptor binding modification The conformation of the receptor is changed, and it is combined with the regulatory protein (G protein) on the inner side of the plasma membrane to jointly activate the target protein (enzyme or ion channel) on the plasma membrane. Ion channels change the permeability of the plasma membrane to ions, and enzymes affect cellular behavior by affecting intracellular substrates and other proteins.
  • Adrenergic receptors Adrenergic receptors, acetylcholine receptors, opioid receptors, glucagon receptors, insulin receptors, luteinizing hormone receptors, follicle stimulating hormone receptors, thyrotropin receptors Receptors, adrenocorticotropic hormone receptors, enterokinin receptors, and growth hormone release inhibitor factor receptors, etc.
  • the dysfunction of these receptors can affect the physiological effects of the corresponding hormones, leading to various The occurrence of illness.
  • G protein consists of ⁇ , ⁇ and ⁇ subunits.
  • the human G protein subunit is a component of G protein. Abnormal expression in the body can affect the formation of G protein, cause G protein dysfunction, affect the physiological effects of corresponding ligands (such as hormones), and lead to the related diseases. occur.
  • the expression profile of the polypeptide of the present invention is consistent with the expression profile of the human G protein subunit protein, and both have similar biological functions.
  • the polypeptide of the present invention is a component of the G protein in the body, and abnormal expression in the body can affect the formation of the G protein, cause dysfunction of the G protein, affect the physiological effects of the corresponding ligands (such as hormones), and then cause related diseases. Of these diseases, including but not limited to:
  • Adrenergic receptor acetylcholine receptor instability related diseases
  • arrhythmias such as atrial early, ventricular early, sinus tachycardia, supraventricular tachycardia, ventricular tachycardia, atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation, sinus bradycardia, sinus arrest, sick sinus syndrome, indoor conduction block, etc .;
  • CAD angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, cardiovascular neurosis, acute heart failure, chronic heart failure, ⁇ BP, neurogenic orthostatic hypotension, syncope, cerebrovascular accident, hypotension shock, etc .;
  • Pulmonary edema respiratory muscle paralysis, respiratory failure, bronchial asthma, etc .
  • Gastrointestinal neurosis Hydatid disease, psychogenic vomiting, nervousness, anorexia nervosa, irritable bowel syndrome, etc .;
  • dysmenorrhea dysmenorrhea, glaucoma, visual impairment and ischemic necrosis of multiple organs, such as renal necrosis (renal failure), liver necrosis, intestinal necrosis, etc .;
  • Opioid peptide receptors are widely and unevenly distributed in the brain. Sites with high receptor density, such as the spinal glia, the medial thalamus, the ventricle, and the gray matter around the aqueduct, are all related to the introduction of painful stimuli, the integration and perception of pain
  • the neural structure of the receptor; the limbic system with the highest density of receptors and the blue nucleus are mostly brain areas related to emotional and mental activities. They exert different effects by combining with opioid peptides in the brain or / and exogenous opioid alkaloids (morphine, naloxone, etc.).
  • Opioid receptors can be analgesic when activated, cause contraction of smooth muscles, excite vascular motility centers and respiratory centers, and produce corresponding psychiatric symptoms.
  • the polypeptides of the present invention and the antagonists, agonists and inhibitors of the polypeptides can be directly used in the diagnosis and treatment of some conditions, including but not limited to:
  • Analgesia sedation, antitussive, cardiogenic asthma, diarrhea, constipation, gastrointestinal / urinary angina, mental illness (irritability, hallucinations, anxiety), acute poisoning of morphine analgesics (respiratory depression), etc. ;
  • Other disorders related to receptor dysfunction include:
  • Giant disease dwarfism, acromegaly (inhibitor of growth hormone release), hypercortisolism (Cushing's syndrome), primary hyperaldosteronism, secondary chronic adrenal insufficiency (promoting Adrenocortical hormone receptor), hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism (thyrotropin receptor), male / female infertility, menstrual disorders (functional uterine bleeding, amenorrhea, polycystic ovary syndrome, premenstrual tension Syndrome, menopause syndrome), sexual development disorder (luteinizing hormone receptor, follicle stimulating hormone receptor), diabetes, hypoglycemia (glucagon receptor, insulin receptor), peptic ulcer, chronic digestion Bad (incretin receptors), etc .;
  • G protein has a very important role in the body, and its abnormal expression will cause abnormal proliferation of tissue cells and abnormal expression of protein.
  • the human G protein subunit is a component of G protein. Abnormal expression in the body can affect the formation of G protein, cause G protein dysfunction, cause abnormal proliferation of tissue cells and abnormal expression of proteins, and then cause the occurrence of related diseases.
  • the expression profile of the polypeptide of the present invention is consistent with the expression profile of the human G protein subunit protein, and both have similar biological functions.
  • the polypeptide of the present invention is a component of the G protein in the body, and abnormal expression in the body can affect the formation of the G protein, cause dysfunction of the G protein, cause abnormal proliferation of tissue cells, and The abnormal expression of the protein leads to the occurrence of various tumor diseases, including but not limited to: Common tumors in various tissues:
  • Papilloma squamous cell carcinoma [skin, nasopharynx, larynx, cervix], adenoma (carcinoma) [breast, thyroid], mucinous / serous thyroid adenoma (carcinoma) [ovary], basal cell carcinoma [head and face Skin], (malignant) polytype adenoma [extending gland], papilloma, transitional epithelial cancer [bladder, renal pelvis], etc .; 2.
  • Mesenchymal tissue :
  • Malignant lymphoma [Neck, mediastinum, mesenteric and retroperitoneal lymph nodes], various leukemias [lymphoid hematopoietic tissue], multiple myeloma [push / thoracic / rib / skull and long bone], etc .;
  • Neurofibrosarcoma [Whole body cutaneous nerve / deep nerve and internal organs], (Malignant) Schwannoma [Nerve of head, neck, limbs, etc.], (Malignant) Glioblastoma [Brain], Myeloblastoma [Cerebellum], (malignant) meningiomas [meninges], ganglioblastoma / neuroblastoma [mediastinum and retroperitoneum / adrenal medulla], etc .;
  • malignant melanoma skin, mucous membrane
  • (malignant) hydatidiform mole chorionic epithelial cancer [uterine]
  • (malignant) supporter cells stromal cell tumor
  • (malignant) granulosa cell tumor ovarian, testicular] fine Blastoma [testis], asexual cell tumor [ovary], embryonal cancer [testis, ovary], (malignant) teratoma [ovary, testis, mediastinum and palate tail], etc .
  • malignant melanoma skin, mucous membrane
  • hydatidiform mole chorionic epithelial cancer [uterine]
  • (malignant) supporter cells stromal cell tumor
  • (malignant) granulosa cell tumor ovarian, testicular] fine Blastoma [testis]
  • asexual cell tumor ovary
  • embryonal cancer testis, ovary
  • (malignant) teratoma
  • the polypeptide of the present invention and the antagonists, agonists and inhibitors of the polypeptide can be directly used in the treatment of various diseases, such as various diseases related to hormone receptor instability, various tumors, and used for treating analgesia , Sedation, antitussive, cardiogenic asthma, diarrhea, constipation, gastrointestinal / urinary tract colic, mental illness (irritability, hallucinations), acute poisoning of morphine analgesics (respiratory depression), etc.
  • various diseases such as various diseases related to hormone receptor instability, various tumors, and used for treating analgesia , Sedation, antitussive, cardiogenic asthma, diarrhea, constipation, gastrointestinal / urinary tract colic, mental illness (irritability, hallucinations), acute poisoning of morphine analgesics (respiratory depression), etc.
  • the invention also provides methods of screening compounds to identify agents that increase (agonist) or suppress (antagonist) the human G protein subunit 12.65.
  • Agonist enhances human G protein subunit 12.65 to stimulate cell proliferation
  • Antagonists prevent and treat disorders related to excessive cell proliferation, such as various cancers.
  • mammalian cells or membrane preparations expressing human G protein subunit 12.65 can be cultured with labeled human G protein subunit 12.65 in the presence of a drug. The ability of the drug to increase or block this interaction is then determined.
  • Antagonists of human G protein subunit 12.65 include screened antibodies, compounds, receptor deletions, and the like.
  • the antagonist of human G protein subunit 12.65 can bind to human G protein subunit 12.65 and eliminate its function, or inhibit the production of the polypeptide, or bind to the active site of the polypeptide so that the polypeptide cannot perform biological functions.
  • human G protein subunit 12.65 When screening compounds as antagonists, human G protein subunit 12.65 can be added to a bioanalytical assay to determine whether a compound is an antagonist by measuring the effect of the compound on the interaction between human G protein subunit 12.65 and its receptor . Receptor deletions and analogs that function as antagonists can be screened in the same manner as described above for screening compounds.
  • Polypeptide molecules capable of binding to the human G protein subunit 12.65 can be obtained by screening a random peptide library composed of various possible combinations of amino acids bound to a solid phase. When screening, generally the human G protein subunit 12.65 molecule should be labeled.
  • the present invention provides a method for producing antibodies using polypeptides, and fragments, derivatives, analogs or cells thereof as antigens. These antibodies can be polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies.
  • the invention also provides antibodies directed against a human G protein subunit 12.65 epitope. These antibodies include (but are not limited to): polyclonal antibodies, monoclonal antibodies, chimeric antibodies, single chain antibodies, Fab fragments, and fragments generated from Fab expression libraries.
  • Polyclonal antibodies can be produced by injecting human G protein subunit 12.65 directly into immunized animals (such as rabbits, mice, rats, etc.). A variety of adjuvants can be used to enhance the immune response, including but not limited to Freund's adjuvant. Wait. Techniques for preparing monoclonal antibodies against human G protein subunit 12.65 include, but are not limited to, hybridoma technology (Kohler and Milstein. Nature, 1975, 256: 495-497), triple tumor technology, human beta-cell hybridoma technology, and EBV- Hybridoma technology, etc. Chimeric antibodies combining human constant regions and non-human variable regions can be produced using existing techniques (Morrison et al, PNAS, 1985, 81: 6851). 0 Existing techniques for producing single-chain antibodies (US Pat No. .4946778) can also be used to produce single chain antibodies against human G protein subunit 12.65.
  • Antibodies against human G protein subunit 12.65 can be used in immunohistochemistry to detect human G protein subunit 12.65 in biopsy specimens.
  • Monoclonal antibodies that bind to human G protein subunit 12.65 can also be labeled with radioisotopes and injected into the body to track their location and distribution. This radiolabeled antibody can be used as a non-invasive diagnostic method to locate tumor cells and determine whether there is metastasis. Antibodies can also be used to design immunotoxins that target a particular part of the body. For example, human G protein subunit 12. 65 High affinity monoclonal antibodies can covalently bind to bacterial or phytotoxins (such as diphtheria toxin, ricin, ormosine, etc.).
  • a common method is to attack the amino group of the antibody with a thiol cross-linking agent such as SPDP, and bind the toxin to the antibody through the exchange of disulfide bonds.
  • This hybrid antibody can be used to kill the human G protein subunit 12.65 positive Cell.
  • the antibodies of the present invention can be used to treat or prevent diseases related to the human G protein subunit 12.65. Administration of an appropriate dose of the antibody can stimulate or block the production or activity of the human G protein subunit 12.65.
  • the invention also relates to a diagnostic test method for quantitative and localized detection of human G protein subunit 12.65 levels. These tests are well known in the art and include FISH assays and radioimmunoassays. The level of human G protein subunit 12.65 detected in the test can be used to explain the importance of human G protein subunit 12.65 in various diseases and to diagnose the role of human G protein subunit 12.65. disease.
  • polypeptide of the present invention can also be used for peptide mapping analysis.
  • the polypeptide can be specifically cleaved by physical, chemical or enzymatic analysis, and subjected to one-dimensional or two-dimensional or three-dimensional gel electrophoresis analysis, and more preferably mass spectrometry analysis.
  • the polynucleotide encoding the human G protein subunit 12. 65 can also be used for a variety of therapeutic purposes. Gene therapy techniques can be used to treat abnormal cell proliferation, development or metabolism caused by the non-expression or abnormal / inactive expression of the human G protein subunit 12. 65. Recombinant gene therapy vectors (such as viral vectors) can be designed to express the mutated human G protein subunit 12. 65 to inhibit endogenous human G protein subunit 12. 65 activity.
  • a mutated human G protein subunit 12.65 may be a shortened human G protein subunit 12.65 that lacks a signaling domain, and although it can bind to downstream substrates, it lacks signaling activity.
  • the recombinant gene therapy vector can be used to treat diseases caused by abnormal expression or activity of human G protein subunit 12.65.
  • Expression vectors derived from viruses such as retrovirus, adenovirus, adenovirus-associated virus, herpes simplex virus, parvovirus, etc. can be used to transfer a polynucleotide encoding the human G protein subunit 12.65 into a cell.
  • Methods for constructing recombinant viral vectors carrying a polynucleotide encoding the human G protein subunit 12.65 can be found in the existing literature (Sambrook, et al.).
  • a recombinant polynucleotide encoding human G protein subunit 12.65 can be packaged into liposomes and transferred into cells.
  • Methods for introducing a polynucleotide into a tissue or cell include: directly injecting the polynucleotide into a tissue in vivo; or introducing the polynucleotide into a cell in vitro through a vector (such as a virus, phage, or plasmid), and then transplanting the cell Into the body and so on.
  • a vector such as a virus, phage, or plasmid
  • RNA and DM and ribozymes can be obtained by any existing RNA or DNA synthesis technology. For example, the technology for the synthesis of oligonucleotides by solid-phase phosphate amide chemical synthesis has been widely used.
  • Antisense RNA molecules can be obtained by in vitro or in vivo transcription of a DNA sequence encoding the RNA. This DNA sequence has been integrated downstream of the RNA polymerase promoter of the vector. In order to increase the stability of a nucleic acid molecule, it can be modified in a variety of ways, such as increasing the sequence length on both sides, and the ribonucleoside linkages should use phosphate thioester or peptide bonds instead of phosphodiester bonds.
  • the polynucleotide encoding the human G protein subunit 12. 65 can be used for the diagnosis of diseases related to the human G protein subunit 12. 65.
  • the polynucleotide encoding human G protein subunit 12. 65 can be used to detect the expression of human G protein subunit 12. 65 or the abnormal expression of human G protein subunit 12. 65 in a disease state.
  • a DNA sequence encoding human G protein subunit 12. 65 can be used to hybridize biopsy specimens to determine the expression of human G protein subunit 12. 65.
  • Hybridization techniques include Southern blotting, Northern blotting, and in situ hybridization. These techniques and methods are publicly available and mature, and related kits are commercially available.
  • polynucleotides of the present invention can be used as probes to be fixed on a micro array (Mi croar ray) or a DNA chip (also known as a "gene chip") for analyzing differential expression analysis of genes and genetic diagnosis in tissues .
  • Human G protein subunit 12.65 specific primers can also be used to detect the transcription products of human G protein subunit 12.65 by in vitro amplification of RNA-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
  • Detection of mutations in the human G protein subunit 12. 65 gene can also be used to diagnose human G protein subunit 12. 65-related diseases.
  • Human G protein subunit 12.65 mutations include point mutations, translocations, deletions, recombinations, and any other abnormalities compared to the normal wild-type human G protein subunit 12.65 DNA sequence. Mutations can be detected using existing techniques such as Southern blotting, DNA sequence analysis, PCR, and in situ hybridization. In addition, mutations may affect protein expression. Therefore, the Nort Hern blotting and Western blotting can be used to indirectly determine whether a gene is mutated.
  • the sequences of the invention are also valuable for chromosome identification.
  • the sequence specifically targets a specific position on a human chromosome and can hybridize to it.
  • specific sites for each gene on the chromosome need to be identified.
  • only a few chromosome markers based on actual sequence data are available for marking chromosome positions.
  • an important first step is to locate these DNA sequences on a chromosome.
  • PCR primers (preferably 15-35bp) are prepared based on cDNA, and the sequences can be located on chromosomes. These primers were then used for PCR screening of somatic hybrid cells containing individual human chromosomes. Only those heterozygous cells containing the human gene corresponding to the primer will produce amplified fragments.
  • PCR localization of somatic hybrid cells is a quick way to locate DNA to specific staining bodies.
  • oligonucleotide primers of the present invention by a similar method, a set of fragments from a specific chromosome can be utilized Or a large number of genomic clones to achieve sublocalization.
  • Other similar strategies that can be used for chromosomal localization include in situ hybridization, chromosome pre-screening with labeled flow sorting, and hybrid pre-selection to construct chromosome-specific CDM libraries.
  • Fluorescent in situ hybridization of cDNA clones with metaphase chromosomes allows precise chromosomal localization in one step.
  • FISH Fluorescent in situ hybridization
  • the physical location of the sequence on the chromosome can be correlated with the genetic map data. These data can be found in, for example, V. Mckusick, Mendelian Inheritance in Man (available online with Johns Hopkins University Wetch Medical Library). Linkage analysis can then be used to determine the relationship between genes and diseases that have been mapped to chromosomal regions.
  • the difference in cDNA or genomic sequence between the affected and unaffected individuals needs to be determined. If a mutation is observed in some or all diseased individuals and the mutation is not observed in any normal individuals, the mutation may be the cause of the disease. Comparing affected and unaffected individuals usually involves first looking for structural changes in chromosomes, such as deletions or translocations that are visible at the chromosomal level or detectable with cDNA sequence-based PCR. According to the resolution capabilities of current physical mapping and gene mapping technology, the cDNA accurately mapped to the chromosomal region associated with the disease can be one of 50 to 500 potentially pathogenic genes (assuming 1 megabase mapping resolution) Capacity and each 20kb corresponds to a gene).
  • the polypeptides, polynucleotides and mimetics, agonists, antagonists and inhibitors of the present invention can be used in combination with a suitable pharmaceutical carrier.
  • suitable pharmaceutical carrier can be water, glucose, ethanol, salts, buffers, glycerol, and combinations thereof.
  • the composition comprises a safe and effective amount of the polypeptide or antagonist, and carriers and excipients which do not affect the effect of the drug. These compositions can be used as drugs for the treatment of diseases.
  • the invention also provides a kit or kit containing one or more containers containing one or more ingredients of the pharmaceutical composition of the invention.
  • a kit or kit containing one or more containers containing one or more ingredients of the pharmaceutical composition of the invention.
  • these containers there may be instructional instructions given by government agencies that manufacture, use, or sell pharmaceuticals or biological products, which prompts permission for administration on the human body by government agencies that produce, use, or sell.
  • the polypeptides of the invention can be used in combination with other therapeutic compounds.
  • the pharmaceutical composition can be administered in a convenient manner, such as by a topical, intravenous, intraperitoneal, intramuscular, subcutaneous, intranasal or intradermal route of administration.
  • Human G protein subunits 12. 65 are administered in amounts effective to treat and / or prevent specific indications. The amount and range of human G protein subunits 12.65 administered to a patient will depend on many factors, such as the mode of administration, the health conditions of the person to be treated, and the judgment of the diagnostician.

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Description

一种新的多肽一一人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65和编码这种多肽的多核苷酸 技术领域
本发明属于生物技术领域, 具体地说, 本发明描述了一种新的多肽一一人 G 蛋白亚基 12. 65 , 以及编码此多肽的多核苷酸序列。 本发明还涉及此多核苷酸 和多肽的制备方法和应用。 背景技术
有机体的进化依赖于细胞之间的互相通讯联系。 由于细胞间存在着精细的 分工, 一些细胞群体有赖于其他细胞群体, 并要求其他的细胞群体产生应答反 应。 这种精巧的细胞间通讯网络可以控制细胞的生长、 分裂、 死亡、 分化形成 组织以及各种生命过程。
细胞间以 3 种方式进行通讯: (1 ) 细胞通过分泌化学信号进行相互通讯; ( 2 ) 细胞直接接触, 通过与质膜结合的信号分子影响其他细胞; ( 3 ) 细胞间 形成缝隙连接使细胞质相互沟通, 通过交换小分子来调节代谢反应。
信号传导是将细胞外信号转换为细胞内信使的过程。 亲水性信号分子包括 神经递质、 生长因子、 细胞因子、 局部化学递质和大多数激素, 它们不能穿过 质膜, 只能与细胞表面的受体结合形成配体受体复合物进行信号转导。 根据信 号转导的机制和受体蛋白的类型, 细胞表面受体可分为 3 种: (1 ) 离子通道 耦联的受体; (2 ) 连接酶的表面受体; ( 3 ) 与 G蛋白耦联的受体。
与 G蛋白耦联的受体是一条跨越质膜 7次的多肽链表面受体。 配体与受体 结合改变受体的构象, 使之与质膜胞内侧上的与 GTP结合的调节蛋白 (G蛋白) 的三聚体结合, 共同活化质膜上的靶蛋白 (酶或离子通道) 。 可见配体受体复 合物是通过 G 蛋白间接作用于效应器的。 离子通道通过改变质膜对离子的通透 性, 酶通过影响胞内底物及其他蛋白来影响细胞的行为。
G 蛋白使受体和腺苷酸环化酶偶联起来, 使细胞外信号转换为细胞内信号 即 cAMP 第二信使, 所以, G蛋白也称偶联蛋白或信号转换蛋白。 G蛋白由 α、 β和 γ亚基构成。
G蛋白在生物体内有着广泛的作用, 涉及细胞的增殖、 信号转导、 蛋白合成 及蛋白定位等重要的生物学功能。 GTP结合蛋白又可分为各种超级家族,如: Ra s 家族、 Rab家族等,各超级家族又拥有众多的家族成员。蛋白合成延长因子 EF - Tu 是最早被发现的 G蛋白, 随后人们克隆得到了大量 GTP结合蛋白家族的其它成 员。 G 蛋白家族的成员均含有保守的 GTP 结合基序, GTP 结合基序在生物体内 被作为分子开关, 通过其与 GDP、 GTP 结合或否来调节蛋白的表达与不表达。 因而, G 蛋白在生物体内有着极为重要的作用, 其表达异常将导致组织细胞的 异常增殖及蛋白的异常表达, 从而引发各种与之相关的疾病,如: 各种恶性肿 瘤及癌症、 各种发育紊乱症、 各种免疫系统疾病等。
通过基因芯片的分析发现,在膀胱粘膜、 PMA+的 Ecv304细胞株、 LPS+的 Ecv304 细胞株胸腺、 正常成纤维细胞 1024NC、 Fibroblast, 生长因子刺激, 1024NT、 疤痕成 fc生长因子刺激, 1013HT、 疤痕成 fc未用生长因子刺激, 1013HC、 膀 胱癌建株细胞 EJ、 膀胱癌旁、 膀胱癌、 肝癌、 肝癌细胞株、 胎皮、 脾脏、 前列 腺癌、 空肠腺癌、 贲门癌中, 本发明的多肽的表达谱与人 G 蛋白 γ 4 亚基的表 达谱非常近似,因此二者功能也可能类似。本发明被命名为人 G蛋白亚基 12.65。
由于如上所述人 G 蛋白亚基 12.65 蛋白在调节细胞分裂和胚胎发育等机体 重要功能中起重要作用, 而且相信这些调节过程中涉及大量的蛋白, 因而本领 域中一直需要鉴定更多参与这些过程的人 G蛋白亚基 12.65蛋白, 特别是鉴定 这种蛋白的氨基酸序列。 新人 G蛋白亚基 12.65蛋白编码基因的分离也为研究 确定该蛋白在健康和疾病状态下的作用提供了基础。 这种蛋白可能构成开发疾 1病诊断和 /或治疗药的基础, 因此分离其编码 DM是非常重要的。 发明的公开
本发明的一个目的是提供分离的新的多肽一一人 G 蛋白亚基 12.65 以及其 片段、 类似物和衍生物。
本发明的另一个目的是提供编码该多肽的多核苷酸。
本发明的另一个目的是提供含有编码人 G 蛋白亚基 12.65 的多核苷酸的重 组载体。
本发明的另一个目的是提供含有编码人 G 蛋白亚基 12.65 的多核苷酸的基 因工程化宿主细胞。
本发明的另一个目的是提供生产人 G蛋白亚基 12.65的方法。
本发明的另一个目的是提供针对本发明的多肽一一人 G 蛋白亚基 12.65 的 抗体。 .
本发明的另一个目的是提供了针对本发明多肽一一人 G 蛋白亚基 12.65 的 模拟化合物、 拮抗剂、 激动剂、 抑制剂。
本发明的另一个目的是提供诊断治疗与人 G 蛋白亚基 12.65 异常相关.的疾 病的方法。
本发明涉及一种分离的多肽, 该多肽是人源的, 它包含: 具有 SEQ ID No. 2 氨基酸序列的多肽、 或其保守性变体、 生物活性片段或衍生物。 较佳地, 该多 肽是具有 SEQ ID NO: 2氨基酸序列的多肽。
本发明还涉及一种分离的多核苷酸, 它包含选自下组的一种核苷酸序列或 其变体:
(a)编码具有 SEQ ID No. 2氨基酸序列的多肽的多核苷酸;
(b)与多核苷酸(a)互补的多核苷酸;
(c)与(a)或(b)的多核苷酸序列具有至少 70%相同性的多核苷酸。
更佳地, 该多核苷酸的序列是选自下组的一种: (a)具有 SEQ ID NO: 1 中
1783-21 30位的序列; 和(b)具有 SEQ ID NO: 1中 1 - 2508位的序列。
本发明另外涉及一种含有本发明多核苷酸的载体, 特别是表达载体; 一种 用该载体遗传工程化的宿主细胞, 包括转化、 转导或转染的宿主细胞; 一种包 括培养所述宿主细胞和回收表达产物的制备本发明多肽的方法。
本发明还涉及一种能与本发明多肽特异性结合的抗体。
本发明还涉及一种筛选的模拟、 激活、 拮抗或抑制人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65蛋白 活性的化合物的方法, 其包括利用本发明的多肽。 本发明还涉及用该方法获得 的化合物。
本发明还涉及一种体外检测与人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65蛋白异常表达相关的疾病 或疾病易感性的方法, 包括检测生物样品中所述多肽或其编码多核苷酸序列中的 突变, 或者检测生物样品中本发明多肽的量或生物活性。
本发明也涉及一种药物组合物, 它含有本发明多肽或其模拟物、 激活剂、 拮 抗剂或抑制剂以及药学上可接受的载体。
本发明还涉及本发明的多肽和 /或多核苷酸在制备用于治疗癌症、 发育性 疾病或免疫性疾病或其它由于人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65表达异常所引起疾病的药物 的用途。
本发明的其它方面由于本文的技术的公开, 对本领域的技术人员而言是显而. 易见的。
本说明书和杈利要求书中使用的下列术语除非特别说明具有如下的含义: 核酸序列" 是措': 核苷酸、 核苷酸或多核苷酸及其片段或部分, 也可以 :基因组或合成的 DNA或 RNA , 它们可以是单链或双链的, 代表有义链或反义链。 类似地, 术语 "氨基酸序列" 是 ; 肽、 肽、 多肽或蛋白质序列及其片段或部 分。 当本发明中的 "氨基酸序列" 涉及一种天然存在的蛋白质分子的氨基酸序 列时, 这种 "多肽" 或 "蛋白质" 不意味着将氨基酸序列限制为与所述蛋白质 分子相关的完整的天然氨基酸。
蛋白质或多核苷酸 "变体" 是指一种具有一个或多个氨基酸或核苷酸改变 的氨基酸序列或编码它的多核苷酸序列。 所述改变可包括氨基酸序列或核苷酸 序列中氨基酸或核苷酸的缺失、 插入或替换。 变体可具有 "保守性" 改变, 其 中替换的氨基酸具有与原氨基酸相类似的结构或化学性质, 如用亮氨酸替换异 亮氨酸。 变体也可具有非保守性改变, 如用色氨酸替换甘氨酸。
"缺失" 是指在氨基酸序列或核苷酸序列中一个或多个氨基酸或核苷酸的 缺失。
"插入" 或 "添加" 是指在氨基酸序列或核苷酸序列中的改变导致与天然存在 的分子相比, 一个或多个氨基酸或核苷酸的增加。 "替换 " 是指由不同的氨基酸或 核苷酸替换一个或多个氨基酸或核苷酸。
"生物活性" 是指具有天然分子的结构、 调控或生物化学功能的蛋白质。 类似 地, 术语 "免疫学活性" 是指天然的、 重组的或合成蛋白质及其片段在合适的动 物或细胞中诱导特定免疫反应以及与特异性抗体结合的能力。
"激动剂" 是指当与人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65结合时, 一种可引起该蛋白质改变 从而调节该蛋白质活性的分子。 激动剂可以包括蛋白质、 核酸、 碳水化合物或 任何其它可结合人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65的分子。
"拮抗剂" 或 "抑制物" 是指当与人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65结合时, 一种可封闭 或调节人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65的生物学活性或免疫学活性的分子。 拮抗剂和抑制物 可以包括蛋白质、 核酸、 碳水化合物或任何其它可结合人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65的分 子。 .
"调节" 是指人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65的功能发生改变, 包括蛋白质活性的升高 或降低、 结合特性的改变及人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65的任何其它生物学性质、 功能或 免疫性质的改变。
"基本上纯' '是指基本上不含天然与其相关的其它蛋白、脂类、糖类或其它物质。 本领域的技术人员能用标准的蛋白质纯化技术纯化人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65。 基本上纯 的人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65 在非还原性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶上能产生单一的主带。 人 G蛋 白亚基 12. 65多肽的纯度可用氨基酸序列分析。
"互补的" 或 "互补" 是指在允许的盐浓度和温度条件下通过碱基配对的 多核苷酸天然结合。 例如, 序列 "C- T- G- A" 可与互补的序列 "G- A- C- T" 结合。 两个单链分子之间的互补可以是部分的或全部的。 核酸链之间的互补程度对于 核酸链之间杂交的效率及强度有明显影响。
"同源性" 是指互补的程度, 可以是部分同源或完全同源。 "部分同源" 是指一种部分互补的序列, 其至少可部分抑制完全互补的序列与靶核酸的杂 交。 这种杂交的抑制可通过在严格性程度降低的条件下进行杂交 (Southern印 迹或 Nor thern印迹等) 来检测。 基本上同源的序列或杂交探针可竟争和抑制完 全同源的序列与靶序列在的严格性程度降低的条件下的结合。 这并不意味严格 性程度降低的条件允许非特异性结合, 因为严格性程度降低的条件要求两条序 列相互的结合为特异性或选择性相互作用。
"相同性百分率" 是指在两种或多种氨基酸或核酸序列比较中序列相同或 相似的百分率。 可用电子方法测定相同性百分率, 如通过 MEGALIGN程序 ( Lasergene sof tware package, DNASTAR, Inc. , Madi son Wi s. ) 。 MEGALIGN 程序可根据不同的方法如 Clus ter法比较两种或多种序列(Hi gg ins, D. G. 和 P. M. Sharp (1988) Gene 73: 237-244) 0 Clus ter法通过检查所有配对之间的 距离将各组序列排列成簇。 然后将各簇以成对或成组分配。 两个氨基酸序列如 序列 A和序列 B之间的相同性百分率通过下式计算: 序列 A与序列 B之间匹配的残基个数 X 100 序列 A的残基数一序列 A中间隔残基数一序列 B中间隔残基数 也可以通过 Clus ter法或用本领域周知的方法如 Jotun He in 测定核酸序列 之间的相同性百分率(He in J. , (1990) Methods in emzumo logy 183: 625-645)„ "相似性" 是指氨基酸序列之间排列对比时相应位置氨基酸残基的相同或 保守性取代的程度。 用于保守性取代的氨基酸例如, 带负电荷的氨基酸可包括 天冬氨酸和谷氨酸; 带正电荷的氨基酸可包括赖氨酸和精氨酸; 具有不带电荷 的头部基团有相似亲水性的氨基酸可包括亮氨酸、 异亮氨酸和缬氨酸; 甘氨酸 和丙氨酸; 天冬酰胺和谷氨酰胺; 丝氨酸和苏氨酸; 苯丙氨酸和酪氨酸。
"反义" 是指与特定的 DM或 RM序列互补的核苷酸序列。 "反义链" 是指 与 "有义链" 互补的核酸链。
"衍生物" 是指 HFP或编码其的核酸的化学修饰物。 这种化学修饰物可以是 用烷基、 酰基或氨基替换氢原子。 核酸衍生物可编码保留天然分子的主要生物 学特性的多肽。
"抗体" 是指完整的抗体分子及其片段, 如 Fa、 ?(^') 2及? , 其能特异 性结合人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65的抗原决定簇。
"人源化抗体" 是指非抗原结合区域的氨基酸序列被替换变得与人抗体更 为相似, 但仍保留原始结合活性的抗体。
"分离的" 一词指将物质从它原来的环境 (例如, 若是自然产生的就指其 天然环境) 之中移出。 比如说, 一个自然产生的多核苷酸或多肽存在于活动物 中就是没有被分离出来, 但同样的多核苷酸或多肽同一些或全部在自然系统中 与之共存的物质分开就是分离的。 这样的多核苷酸可能是某一载体的一部分, 也可能这样的多核苷酸或多肽是某一组合物的一部分。 既然载体或组合物不是 它天然环境的成分, 它们仍然是分离的。
如本发明所用, "分离的" 是指物质从其原始环境中分离出来 (如果是天 然的物质, 原始环境即是天然环境) 。 如活体细胞内的天然状态下的多聚核苷 酸和多肽是没有分离纯化的, 但同样的多聚核苷酸或多肽如从天然状态中同存 在的其他物质中分开, 则为分离纯化的。
如本文所用, "分离的人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65" 是指人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65基 本上不含天然与其相关的其它蛋白、 脂类、 糖类或其它物质。 本领域的技术人 员能用标准的蛋白质纯化技术纯化人 G 蛋白亚基 12. 65。 基本上纯的多肽在非 还原聚丙烯酰胺凝胶上能产生单一的主带。 人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65 多肽的纯度能 用氨基酸序列分析。
本发明提供了一种新的多肽一一人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65 , 其基本上是由 SBQ ID NO: 2所示的氨基酸序列组成的。 本发明的多肽可以是重组多肽、 天然多肽、 合成 多肽, 优选重组多肽。 本发明的多肽可以是天然纯化的产物, 或是化学合成的产 物, 或使用重组技术从原核或真核宿主 (例如, 细菌、 酵母、 高等植物、 昆虫和哺 乳动物细胞)中产生。 根据重组生产方案所用的宿主, 本发明的多肽可以是糖基化 的, 或可以是非糖基化的。 本发明的多肽还可包括或不包括起始的甲硫氨酸残基。
本发明还包括人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65 的片段、 衍生物和类似物。 如本发明所 用, 术语 "片段" 、 "衍生物" 和 "类似物" 是指基本上保持本发明的人 G 蛋 白亚基 12. 65 相同的生物学功能或活性的多肽。 本发明多肽的片段、 衍生物或 类似物可以是: ( I ) 这样一种, 其中一个或多个氨基酸残基被保守或非保守 氨基酸残基 (优选的是保守氨基酸残基) 取代, 并且取代的氨基酸可以是也可 以不是由遗传密码子编码的; 或者 ( Π ) 这样一种, 其中一个或多个氨基酸残 基上的某个基团被其它基团取代包含取代基; 或者 ( I I I ) 这样一种, 其中成 熟多肽与另一种化合物 (比如延长多肽半衰期的化合物, 例如聚乙二醇) 融合; 或者 ( IV ) 这样一种, 其中附加的氨基酸序列融合进成熟多肽而形成的多肽序 列 (如前导序列或分泌序列或用来纯化此多肽的序列或蛋白原序列) 通过本文 的阐述, 这样的片段、 衍生物和类似物被认为在本领域技术人员的知识范围之 内。
本发明提供了分离的核酸 (多核苷酸) , 基本由编码具有 SEQ I D NO: 2 氨 基酸序列的多肽的多核苷酸组成。 本发明的多核苷酸序列包括 SEQ ID NO: 1 的 核苷酸序列。 本发明的多核苷酸是从人胎脑组织的 cDNA 文库中发现的。 它包 含的多核苷酸序列全长为 2508个碱基, 其开放读框 1783-21 30编码了 115 个 氨基酸。 根据基因芯片表达谱比较发现, 此多肽与人 G 蛋白 γ 4 亚基有相似的 表达谱, 可推断出该人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65具有人 G蛋白 γ 4亚基相似的功能。 . 本发明的多核苷酸可以是 DNA形式或是 RNA形式。 DNA形式包括 cDNA、 基 因组 DM或人工合成的 DNA。 DNA可以是单链的或是双链的。 DNA可以是编码链 或非编码链。 编码成熟多肽的编码区序列可以与 SEQ ID NO: 1 所示的编码区序 列相同或者是简并的变异体。 如本发明所用, "简并的变异体" 在本发明中是 指编码具有 SEQ ID NO: 2 的蛋白质或多肽, 但与 SEQ ID NO: 1所示的编码区序 列有差别的核酸序列。
编码 SEQ I D N0: 2的成熟多肽的多核苷酸包括: 只有成熟多肽的编码序列; 成熟多肽的编码序列和各种附加编码序列; 成熟多肽的编码序列 (和任选的附 加编码序列) 以及非编码序列。
术语 "编码多肽的多核苷酸" 是指包括编码此多肽的多核苷酸和包括附加 编码和 /或非编码序列的多核苷酸。
本发明还涉及上述描述多核苷酸的变异体, 其编码与本发明有相同的氨基 酸序列的多肽或多肽的片断、 类似物和衍生物。 此多核苷酸的变异体可以是天 然发生的等位变异体或非天然发生的变异体。 这些核苷酸变异体包括取代变异 体、 缺失变异体和插入变异体。 如本领域所知的, 等位变异体是一个多核苷酸 的替换形式, 它可能是一个或多个核苷酸的取代、 缺失或插入, 但不会从实质 上改变其编码的多肽的功能。
本发明还涉及与以上所描述的序列杂交的多核苷酸 (两个序列之间具有至 少 50%, 优选具有 70%的相同性) 。 本发明特别涉及在严格条件下与本发明所 述多核苷酸可杂交的多核苷酸。 在本发明中, "严格条件" 是指: (1)在较低 离子强度和较高温度下的杂交和洗脱, 如 0.2xSSC, 0.1%SDS, 6(TC;或(2)杂交 时加用变性剂, 如 50%(v/v)甲酰胺, 0.1°/»小牛血清 /0. l%Ficoll, 42°C等; 或(3) 仅在两条序列之间的相同性至少在 95%以上,更好是 97%以上时才发生杂交。 并 且, 可杂交的多核苷酸编码的多肽与 SEQ ID NO: 2 所示的成熟多肽有相同的 生物学功能和活性。
本发明还涉及与以上所描述的序列杂交的核酸片段。 如本发明所用, "核 酸片段"的长度至少含 10个核苷酸, 较好是至少 20-30个核苷酸, 更好是至少 50-60 个核苷酸, 最好是至少 100 个核苷酸以上。 核酸片段也可用于核酸的扩 增技术(如 PCR)以确定和 /或分离编码人 G蛋白亚基 12.65的多核苷酸。
本发明中的多肽和多核苷酸优选以分离的形式提供, 更佳地被纯化至均质。 本发明的编码人 G蛋白亚基 12.65 的特异的多核苷酸序列能用多种方法获 得。 例如, 用本领域熟知的杂交技术分离多核苷酸。 这些技术包括但不局限于: 1)用探针与基因组或 cDNA 文库杂交以检出同源的多核苷酸序列, 和 2)表达文 库的抗体筛选以检出具有共同结构特征的克隆的多核苷酸片段。
本发明的 DNA片段序列也能用下列方法获得: 1)从基因组 DM分离双链 DM 序列; 2)化学合成 DNA序列以获得所述多肽的双链 DNA。
上述提到的方法中, 分离基因组 DM 最不常用。 DM 序列的直接化学合成 是经常选用的方法。 更经常选用的方法是 cDNA序列的分离。 分离感兴趣的 cDM 的标准方法是从高表达该基因的供体细胞分离 mRM并进行逆转录, 形成质粒或 噬菌体 cDNA 文库。 提取 mRNA 的方法已有多种成熟的技术, 试剂盒也可从商业 途径获得(Qiagene)。 而构建 cDNA 文库也是通常的方法(Sambrook, et al. , Molecular Cloning, A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. New York, 1989) 0还可得到商业供应的 cDNA文库,如 Clontech公司的不同 cDM 文库。 当结合使用聚合酶反应技术时, 即使极少的表达产物也能克隆。
可用常规方法从这些 cDNA 文库中筛选本发明的基因。 这些方法包括(但不 限于): (l)DNA-DM 或 DNA-RM 杂交; (2)标志基因功能的出现或丧失; (3)测 定人 G蛋白亚基 12.65的转录本的水平; (4)通过免疫学技术或测定生物学活性, 来检测基因表达的蛋白产物。 上述方法可单用, 也可多种方法联合应用。
在第(1)种方法中, 杂交所用的探针是与本发明的多核苷酸的任何一部分同 源, 其长度至少 10个核苷酸, 较好是至少 30个核苷酸, 更好是至少 50个核苷 酸, 最好是至少 100个核苷酸。 此外, 探针的长度通常在 2000个核苷酸之内, 较佳的为 1000个核苷酸之内。 此处所用的探针通常是在本发明的基因序列信息 的基础上化学合成的 DM序列。 本发明的基因本身或者片段当然可以用作探针。 DM探针的标记可用放射性同位素, 荧光素或酶(如碱性磷酸酶)等。
在第(4)种方法中, 检测人 G蛋白亚基 12.65基因表达的蛋白产物可用免疫 学技术如 Western印迹法, 放射免疫沉淀法, 酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)等。
应 用 PCR 技术 扩增 DNA/RNA 的 方 法 (Saiki, et al. Science
1985; 230: 1350-1354)被优选用于获得本发明的基因。 特别是很难从文库中得到 全长的 cDNA 时, 可优选使用 RACE法(RACE - cDNA末端快速扩增法), 用于 PCR 的引物可根据本文所公开的本发明的多核苷酸序列信息适当地选择, 并可用常 规方法合成。 可用常规方法如通过凝胶电泳分离和纯化扩增的 DNA/RNA片段。
如上所述得到的本发明的基因, 或者各种 DNA 片段等的多核苷酸序列可用 常规方法如双脱氧链终止法(Sanger et al. PNAS, 1977, 74: 5463- 5467)测定。 这类多核苷酸序列测定也可用商业测序试剂盒等。为了获得全长的 cDNA序列, 测 序需反复进行。 有时需要测定多个克隆的 cDNA 序列, 才能拼接成全长的 cDNA 序列。
本发明也涉及包含本发明的多核苷酸的载体, 以及用本发明的载体或直接 用人 G蛋白亚基 12.65 编码序列经基因工程产生的宿主细胞, 以及经重组技术 产生本发明所述多肽的方法。
本发明中, 编码人 G蛋白亚基 12.65 的多核苷酸序列可插入到载体中, 以 构成含有本发明所述多核苷酸的重组载体。 术语 "载体" 指本领域熟知的细菌 质粒、 噬菌体、 酵母质粒、 植物细胞病毒、 哺乳动物细胞病毒如腺病毒、 逆转 录病毒或其它载体。 在本发明中适用的载体包括但不限于: 在细菌中表达的基 于 T7启动子的表达载体(Rosenberg, et al. Gene, 1987, 56: 125); 在哺乳动 物细胞中表达的 pMSXND表达载体(Lee and Nathans, J Bio Chem. 263: 3521, 1988) 和在昆虫细胞中表达的来源于杆状病毒的载体。 总之, 只要能在宿主体内复制 和稳定, 任何质粒和载体都可以用于构建重组表达载体。 表达载体的一个重要 特征是通常含有复制起始点、 启动子、 标记基因和翻译调控元件。
本领域的技术人员熟知的方法能用于构建含编码人 G蛋白亚基 12.65的 DNA 序列和合适的转录 /翻译调控元件的表达载体。 这些方法包括体外重组 DNA 技 术、 DNA合成技术、 体内重组技术等(Sambroook, et al. Molecular Cloning, a Laboratory Manual, cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. New York, 1989)。 所 述的 DNA序列可有效连接到表达载体中的适当启动子上, 以指导 mRNA合成。 这 些启动子的代表性例子有: 大肠杆菌的 lac或 trp启动子; λ噬菌体的 PL启动 子;真核启动子包括 CMV立即早期启动子、 HSV胸苷激酶启动子、早期和晚期 SV40 启动子、 反转录病毒的 LTRs和其它一些已知的可控制基因在原核细胞或真核细 胞或其病毒中表达的启动子。 表达载体还包括翻译起始用的核糖体结合位点和 转录终止子等。 在载体中插入增强子序列将会使其在高等真核细胞中的转录得 到增强。 增强子是 DNA表达的顺式作用因子, 通常大约有 1 0到 300个碱基对, 作用于启动子以增强基因的转录。 可举的例子包括在复制起始点晚期一侧的 1 00 到 270个碱基对的 SV40增强子、 在复制起始点晚期一侧的多瘤增强子以及腺病 毒增强子等。
此外, 表达载体优选地包含一个或多个选择性标记基因, 以提供用于选择 转化的宿主细胞的表型性状, 如真核细胞培养用的二氢叶酸还原酶、 新霉素抗 性以及绿色荧光蛋白(GFP) , 或用于大肠杆菌的四环素或氨苄青霉素抗性等。
本领域一般技术人员都清楚如何选择适当的载体 /转录调控元件 (如启动 子、 增强子等) 和选择性标记基因。
本发明中, 编码人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65 的多核苷酸或含有该多核苷酸的重组 载体可转化或转导入宿主细胞, 以构成含有该多核苷酸或重组载体的基因工程 化宿主细胞。 术语 "宿主细胞" 指原核细胞, 如细菌细胞; 或是低等真核细胞, 如酵母细胞; 或是高等真核细胞, 如哺乳动物细胞。 代表性例子有: 大肠杆菌, 链霉菌属; 细菌细胞如鼠伤寒沙门氏菌; 真菌细胞如酵母; 植物细胞; 昆虫细 胞如果蝇 S 2或 Sf 9 ; 动物细胞如 CH0、 COS或 Bowe s黑素瘤细胞等。
用本发明所述的 DNA序列或含有所述 DNA序列的重组载体转化宿主细胞可 用本领域技术人员熟知的常规技术进行。 当宿主为原核生物如大肠杆菌时, 能 吸收 DNA 的感受态细胞可在指数生长期后收获, 用 CaC l 2法处理, 所用的步骤 在本领域众所周知。 可供选择的是用 MgC l 2。 如果需要, 转化也可用电穿孔的方 法进行。 当宿主是真核生物, 可选用如下的 DM 转染方法: 磷酸钙共沉淀法, 或者常规机械方法如显微注射、 电穿孔、 脂质体包装等。
通过常规的重组 DNA 技术, 利用本发明的多核苷酸序列可用来表达或生产 重组的人 G 蛋白亚基 12. 65 (Sc i ence , 1984 ; 224 : 14 31)。 一般来说有以下步 骤:
(1) .用本发明的编码人 人 G蛋白亚基' 12. 65的多核苷酸(或变异体), 或用 含有该多核苷酸的重组表达载体转化或转导合适的宿主细胞;
(2) .在合适的培养基中培养宿主细胞;
(3) .从培养基或细胞中分离、 纯化蛋白质。 在步骤 ( 2 ) 中, 根据所用的宿主细胞, 培养中所用的培养基可选自各种 常规培养基。 在适于宿主细胞生长的条件下进行培养。 当宿主细胞生长到适当 的细胞密度后, 用合适的方法(如温度转换或化学诱导)诱导选择的启动子, 将 细胞再培养一段时间。
在步骤 (3 ) 中, 重组多肽可包被于细胞内、 或在细胞膜上表达、 或分泌到 细胞外。 如果需要, 可利用其物理的、 化学的和其它特性通过各种分离方法分 离和纯化重组的蛋白。 这些方法是本领域技术人员所熟知的。 这些方法包括但 并不限于: 常规的复性处理、 蛋白沉淀剂处理(盐析方法)、 离心、 渗透破菌、 超声波处理、 超离心、 分子筛层析(凝胶过滤)、 吸附层析、 离子交换层析、 高 效液相层析(HPLC)和其它各种液相层析技术及这些方法的结合。 附图的简要说明
下列附图用于说明本发明的具体实施方案, 而不用于限定由权利要求书所 界定的本发明范围。
图 1是本发明人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65和人 G蛋白 γ 4亚基的基因芯片表达谱比较 图。 上图是人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65的表达谱折方图, 下图是人 G蛋白 γ 4亚基的表达谱 折方图。 其中, 1-胎脑、 2-膀胱粘膜、 3- ΡΜΑ+的 Bcv304细胞株、 4- LPS+的 Ecv304 细胞株胸腺、 5-正常成纤维细胞 1024NC、 6- Fibroblas t , 生长因子刺激, 1024NT, 7 -疤痕成 fc生长因子刺激, 1013HT、 8-疤痕成 fc未用生长因子刺激, 1013HC、 9- 膀胱癌建株细胞 EJ、 10-膀胱癌旁、 11-膀胱癌、 12-肝癌、 13-肝癌细胞株、 14 -胎 皮、 15-脾脏、 16-前列腺癌、 17-空肠腺癌、 1 δ贲门癌。
图 2为分离的人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳图(SDS- PAGE )。 13kDa 为蛋白质的分子量。 箭头所指为分离出的蛋白条带。 实现本发明的最佳方式
下面结合具体实施例, 进一步阐述本发明。 应理解, 这些实施例仅用于说 明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。 下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方 法,通常按照常规条件如 Sambrook等人, 分子克隆:实验室手册(New York: Co l d Spr ing Harbor Labora t ory Pres s , 1989)中所述的条件, 或按照制造厂商所 建议的条件。
实施例 1 : 人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65的克隆
用异硫氰酸胍 /酚 /氯仿一步法提取人胎脑总 RNA。 用 Qu ik mRNA Isola t ion Ki t (Qiegene 公司产品) 从总 RNA中分离 poly (A) mRNA。 2ug poly (A) mRNA经逆转录 形成 cDNA。用 Sn r t cDNA克隆试剂盒(购自 C 1 ontech )将00 片段定向插入到 pBSK (+) 载体(Clontech公司产品)的多克隆位点上, 转化 DH5a, 细菌形成 cDNA文库。 用 Dye terminate cycle reaction sequencing kit (Perldn-Elmer公司产品) 禾口 ABI 377 自动测序仪 (Perkin-Elmer公司)测定所有克隆的 5'和 3'末端的序列。 将测定的 cDNA 序列与已有的公共 DNA序列数据库 (Genebank)进行比较, 结果发现其中一个克隆 0980c08的 cDNA序列为新的 DNA。 通过合成一系列引物对该克隆所含的插入 cDNA片 段进行双向测定。 结果表明, 0980C08克隆所含的全长 cDNA为 2508bp (如 SeqIDN0: l 所示) , 从第 1783bp至 2130bp有一个 347bp的开放阅读框架 ( 0RF ) , 编码一个新 的蛋白质 (如 Seq ID NO: 2所示) 。 我们将此克隆命名为 pBS- 0980c08 , 编码的蛋 白质命名为人 G蛋白亚基 12.65。 实施例 2: 用 RT- PCR方法克隆编码人 G蛋白亚基 12.65的基因
用胎脑细胞总 RNA为模板,以 oligo- dT为引物进行逆转录反应合成 cDNA,用 Qiagene的试剂盒纯化后,用下列引物进行 PCR扩增:
Primerl: 5,- GTAACCTCATAGTACTGGACCAAT —3, (SEQ ID NO: 3)
Primer2: 5,— CATAAACTATCAAGCAATTCATGG - 3, (SEQ ID NO: 4)
Primerl为位于 SEQ ID NO: 1的 5,端的第 lbp开始的正向序列;
Primer2为 SEQ ID NO: 1的中的 3'端反向序列。
扩增反应的条件: 在 50μ 1的反应体积中含有 50mmol/L KCl,10mmol/L Tris-
CI, (pH8.5), 1.5mmol/L MgCl2, 200 μηιοΙ/L dNTP, lOpmol引物, 1U的 Taq DNA聚合 酶(Clontech公司产品)。 在 PE9600型 DNA热循环仪(Perkin-Elmer公司)上按下列条 件反应 25个周期: 94°C 30sec; 55°C 30sec; 72°C 2min0 在 RT- PCR时同时设 β -act in 为阳性对照和模板空白为阴性对照。 扩增产物用 QIAGEN公司的试剂盒纯化, 用 TA 克隆试剂盒连接到 PCR载体上( Invitrogen公司产品) 。 DNA序列分析结果表明 PCR 产物的 DNA序列与 SEQ ID NO: 1所示的 1- 2508bp完全相同。 实施例 3: Northern 印迹法分析人 G蛋白亚基 12.65基因的表达:
用一步法提取总 RNA[Anal. Biochem 1987, 162, 156-159] 0 该法包括酸性硫 氰酸胍苯酚-氯仿抽提。 即用 4M异硫氰酸胍 -25mM柠檬酸钠, 0.2M乙酸钠 ( pH4.0 ) 对组织进行匀浆, 加入 1倍体积的苯酚和 1/5体积的氯仿-异戊醇 (49: 1 ) , 混合 后离心。 吸出水相层, 加入异丙醇 (0.8体积) 并将混合物离心得到 RNA沉淀。 将 得到的 RNA沉淀用 70%乙醇洗涤, 干燥并溶于水中。 用 20μ§ RNA, 在含 20mM 3- ( N- 吗啉代) 丙磺酸 (pH7.0) - 5mM乙酸钠 - ImM EDTA - 2.2M甲醛的 1.2%琼脂糖凝胶上进 行电泳。 然后转移至硝酸纤维素膜上。 用 cc-32P dATP通过随机引物法制备 32P-标记 的 DNA探针。 所用的 DNA探针为图 1所示的 PCR扩增的人 G蛋白亚基 12.65编码区序列 (1783bp至 2130bp)。 将 32P-标记的探针 (约 2 χ 106cpm/ml ) 与转移了 RNA的硝酸纤 维素膜在一溶液中于 42°C杂交过夜, 该溶液包含 50%甲酰胺 -25mM H2P04 ( pH7.4 ) - 5 χ SSC-5 x Denhardt's溶液和 200 g/ml鲑精 DNA。 杂交之后, 将滤膜在 1 x SSC - 0.1°/。SDS中于 55°C洗 30min。 然后, 用 Phosphor Imager进行分析和定量。 实施例 4: 重组人 G蛋白亚基 12.65的体外表达、 分离和纯化
根据 SEQ ID NO: 1和图 1所示的编码区序列, 设计出一对特异性扩增引物, 序 列如下:
Primer3: 5'-CATGCTAGCATGGGGGGCGGAGTGAGCGGTGAA-3' ( Seq ID No: 5 ) Primer4: 5'— CCCGAATTCTCATGCCTGTAATCCCAGCACTTT- 3, (Seq ID No: 6 ) 此两段引物的 5'端分别含有 Nhel和 EcoRI酶切位点, 其后分别为目的基因 5'端 和 3'端的编码序列, Nhel和 EcoRI酶切位点相应于表达载体质粒 pET- 28b(+) (Novagen 公司产品, Cat. No.69865.3)上的选择性内切酶位点。 以含有全长目的基因的 pBS - 0980C08质粒为模板, 进行 PCR反应。 PCR反应条件为: 总体积 50 μ 1中含 pBS- 0980c08 质粒 10pg、 引物 Primer - 3和 Primer- 4分另!]为 lOpmol、 Advantage polymerase Mix (Clontech公司产品) 1 μ 1。 循环参数: 94。C 20s, 60°C 30s, 68°C 2 min,共 25个 循环。 用 Nhel和 EcoRI分别对扩增产物和质粒 pET- 28(+)进行双酶切,分别回收大片 段,并用 T4连接酶连接。 连接产物转化用氯化钙法大肠杆细菌 DH5CC,在含卡那霉素 (终浓度 30 g/ml ) 的 LB平板培养过夜后, 用菌落 PCR方法筛选阳性克隆, 并进行 测序。 挑选序列正确的阳性克隆(pET- 0980c08)用氯化钙法将重组质粒转化大肠 杆菌 BL21(DE3)plySs (Novagen公司产品)。 在含卡那霉素 (终浓度 30 g/ml ) 的 LB 液体培养基中, 宿主菌 BL21 (pET- 0980c08) 在 37。C培养至对数生长期, 加入 IPTG 至终浓度 1隱 ol/L, 继续培养 5小时。 离心收集菌体, 经超声波破菌,离心收集上清, 用能与 6个组氨酸 ( 6His- Tag ) 结合的亲和层析柱 His. Bind Quick Cartridge (Novagen公司产品) 进行层析, 得到了纯化的目的蛋白人 G蛋白亚基 12.65。 经 SDS- PAGE电泳, 在 13kDa处得到一单一的条带 (图 2) 。 将该条带转移至 PVDF膜上 用 Edams水解法进行 N-端氨基酸序列分析, 结果 N-端 15个氨基酸与 SEQ ID NO: 2所 示的 N-端 15个氨基酸残基完全相同。 实施例 5 抗人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65抗体的产生
用多肽合成仪(PE公司产品)合成下述人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65特异性的多肽: NH 2 -Me t -G 1 y-G 1 y-G 1 y- Va 1 -S e r -G 1 y-G 1 u-H i s -Th r -G 1 u-G 1 n-A s n-Leu-A r g- COOH (SEQ ID NO: 7)。 将该多肽分别与血蓝蛋白和牛血清白蛋白耦合形成复合, 方法参见: Avrameas, et a l . Immunochemi s t ry, 1969; 6: 43。 用 4mg上述血蓝蛋白 多肽复合物加上完全弗氏佐剂免疫家兔, 15天后再用血蓝蛋白多肽复合物加不完 全弗氏佐剂加强免疫一次。 采用经 15 y g/ml牛血清白蛋白多肽复合物包被的滴定 板做 ELISA测定兔血清中抗体的滴度。 用蛋白 A-Sepharose从抗体阳性的家兔血清 中分离总 IgG。将多肽结合于溴化氰活化的 Sephar0se4B柱上,用亲和层析法从总 IgG 中分离抗多肽抗体。 免疫沉淀法证明纯化的抗体可特异性地与人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65 结合。 实施例 6: 本发明的多核苷酸片段用作杂交探针的应用
从本发明的多核苷酸中挑选出合适的寡核苷酸片段用作杂交探针有多方面的 用途, 如用该探针可与不同来源的正常组织或病理组织的基因组或 cDM文库杂交 以鉴定其是否含有本发明的多核苷酸序列和检出同源的多核苷酸序列,进一步还可 用该探针检测本发明的多核苷酸序列或其同源的多核苷酸序列在正常组织或病理 组织细胞中的表达是否异常。 . 本实施例的目的是从本发明的多核苷酸 SEQ ID NO: 1 中挑选出合适的寡核苷 酸片段用作杂交探针, 并用滤膜杂交方法鉴定一些组织中是否含有本发明的多核 苷酸序列或其同源的多核苷酸序列。 滤膜杂交方法包括斑点印迹法、 Southern 印 迹法、 Nor thern 印迹法和复印方法等, 它们都是将待测的多核苷酸样品固定在滤 膜上后使用基本相同的步骤杂交。 这些相同的步骤是: 固定了样品的滤膜首先用 不含探针的杂交缓冲液进行预杂交, 以使滤膜上样品的非特异性的结合部位被载 体和合成的多聚物所饱和。 然后预杂交液被含有标记探针的杂交缓冲液替换, 并 保温使探针与靶核酸杂交。 杂交步骤之后, 未杂交上的探针被一系列洗膜步骤除 掉。 本实施例利用较高强度的洗膜条件(如较低盐浓度和较高的温度), 以使杂交 背景降低且只保留特异性强的信号。 本实施例选用的探针包括两类: 第一类探针 是完全与本发明的多核苷酸 SEQ ID NO: 1相同或互补的寡核苷酸片段; 第二类探 针是部分与本发明的多核苷酸 SEQ ID NO: 1相同或互补的寡核苷酸片段。 本实施 例选用斑点印迹法将样品固定在滤膜上, 在较高强度的的洗膜条件下, 第一类探 针与样品的杂交特异性最强而得以保留。 一、 探针的选用
从本发明的多核苷酸 SEQ ID NO: 1中选择寡核苷酸片段用作杂交探针, 应遵 循以下原则和需要考虑的几个方面:
1, 探针大小优选范围为 18-50个核苷酸;
2, GC含量为 30%- 70%, 超过则非特异性杂交增加;
3, 探针内部应无互补区域;
4, 符合以上条件的可作为初选探针, 然后进一步作计算机序列分析, 包括将该 初选探针分别与其来源序列区域 (即 SEQ ID NO: 1 )和其它巳知的基因组序 列及其互补区进行同源性比较, 若与非靶分子区域的同源性大于 85%或者有超 过 15个连续碱基完全相同, 则该初选探针一般就不应该使用;
5, 初选探针是否最终选定为有实际应用价值的探针还应进一步由实验确定。
完成以上各方面的分析后挑选并合成以下二个探针:
探针 1 (probel), 属于第一类探针, 与 SEQ ID NO: 1 的基因片段完全 同源或互补 (41Nt ):
5'-TGGGGGGCGGAGTGAGCGGTGAACACACTGAACAGAATCTG-3' ( SEQ ID NO: 8 )
探针 1 (probe2), 属于第二类探针, 相当于 SEQ ID NO: 1 的基因片段 或其互补片段的替换突变序列 (41Nt):
5'-TGGGGGGCGGAGTGAGCGGTCAACACACTGAACAGAATCTG-3' ( SEQ ID NO: 9 ) 与以下具体实验步骤有关的其它未列出的常用试剂及其配制方法请参考文 献: DNA PROBES G. H. Kel ler; M. Μ· Manak; Stockton Press, 1989 (USA)以及更常 用的分子克隆实验手册书籍如 《分子克隆实验指南》( 1998 年第二版) [美]萨姆 布鲁克等著, 科学出版社。 .
样品制备:
1, 从新鲜或冰冻组织中提取 DNA
步骤: 1 ) 将新鲜或新鲜解冻的正常肝组织放入浸在冰上并盛有磷酸盐缓冲液
(PBS) 的平皿中。 用剪刀或手术刀将组织切成小块。 操作中应保持组织湿润。 2) 以 lOOOg离心切碎组织 10分钟。 3 )用冷匀浆缓冲液 ( 0.25mol/L蔗糖; 25mraol/L
Tris-HCl,pH7.5; 25隱 ol/LnaCl; 25mmol/L MgCl2 ) 悬浮沉淀(大约 10ml/g )。 4) 在 4°C用电动匀浆器以全速匀浆组织悬液, 直至组织被完全破碎。 5 ) 1000g 离心 10分钟。 6)用重悬细胞沉淀 (每 O. lg最初组织样品加 1- 5ral ), 再以 lOOOg离心
10分钟。 7)用裂解缓冲液重悬沉淀(每 O. lg最初组织样品加 lml ), 然后接以下 的苯酚抽提法。 2, DNA的苯酚抽提法
步骤: 1 )用 1- 10ml冷 PBS洗细胞, lOOOg离心 10分钟。 2 )用冷细胞裂解 液重悬浮沉淀的细胞 (l x lO8细胞 /ml ) 最少应用 lOOul 裂解缓冲液。 3)加 SDS 至终浓度为 1%, 如果在重悬细胞之前将 SDS直接加入到细胞沉淀中, 细胞可能会 形成大的团块而难以破碎, 并降低的总产率。 这一点在抽提 >107细胞时特别严重。 4)加蛋白酶 K至终浓度 2QGug/ml。 5 ) 50°C保温反应 1小时或在 37°C轻轻振摇 过夜。 6 ) 用等体积苯酚: 氯仿: 异戊醇 ( 25: 24: 1 )抽提, 在小离心机管中离 心 10分钟。 两相应清楚分离, 否则重新进行离心。 7)将水相转移至新管。 8)用 等体积氯仿: 异戊醇 (24: 1 )抽提, 离心 10分钟。 9)将含 DNA的水相转移至新 管。 然后进行 DNA的纯化和乙醇沉淀。
3, DNA的纯化和乙醇沉淀
步骤: 1 )将 1/10体积 2mol/L醋酸钠和 2倍体积冷 100%乙醇加到 DNA溶液 中, 混匀。 在- 20°C放置 1小时或至过夜。 2) 离心 10分钟。 3)小心吸出或倒出 乙醇。 4 )用 70%冷乙醇 500ul洗涤沉淀, 离心 5分钟。 5)小心吸出或倒出乙醇。 用 500ul冷乙醇洗涤沉淀, 离心 5分钟。 6)小心吸出或倒出乙醇, 然后在吸水纸 上倒置使残余乙醇流尽。 空气干燥 10-15 分钟, 以使表面乙醇挥发。 注意不要使 沉淀完全干燥, 否则较难重新溶解。 7 ) 以小体积 TE或水重悬 DNA沉淀。 低速涡 旋振荡或用滴管吹吸, 同时逐渐增加 TE, 混合至 DNA充分溶解, 每 1- 5χ10δ细胞 所提取的大约加 lul。
以下第 8-13步骤仅用于必须除去污染时, 否则可直接进行第 14步骤。
8)将 RNA酶 A加到 DNA溶液中, 终浓度为 100ug/ml, 37°C保温 30分钟。 9)加 入 SDS和蛋白酶 K, 终浓度分别为 0.5%和 100ug/ml。 37°C保温 30分钟。 10)用 等体积的苯酚: 氯仿: 异戊醇 ( 25: 24: 1 )抽提反应液, 离心 10 分钟。 11 )小 心移出水相, 用等体积的氯仿: 异戊醇 (24: 1 ) 重新抽提, 离心 10 分钟。 12 ) 小心移出水相, 加 1/10体积 2mol/L 醋酸钠和 2.5 体积冷乙醇, 混匀置 - 20°C 1 小时。 13 )用 70%乙醇及 100%乙醇洗涤沉淀, 空气干燥, 重悬核酸, 过程同第 3- 6步骤。 14 )测定 A26。和 A28。以检测 DM的纯度及产率。 15)分装后存放于 -20° (:。 样膜的制备:
1)取 4x2 张适当大小的硝酸纤维素膜(NC膜), 用铅笔在其上轻轻标出点样 位置及样号, 每一探针需两张 NC膜, 以便在后面的实验步骤中分别用高强度条件 和强度条件洗膜 。
2 ) 吸取及对照各 15微升, 点于样膜上, 在室温中晾干。 3 ) 置于浸润有 0. Imol/LNaOH, 1.5mol/LNaCl的滤纸上 5分钟 (两次 ), 晾干置 于浸润有 0.5mol/L Tris-HCl ( pH7.0 ), 3mol/LNaCl的滤纸上 5分钟 (两次 ), 晾 干。
4)夹于干净滤纸中, 以铝箔包好, 60- 80°C真空干燥 2小时。
探针的标记
1 ) 3μ lProbe ( 0. IOD/Ιθμ 1 ),加入 2 μ IKinase缓冲液, 8-10 uCi γ- 32P- dATP+2U Kinase, 以补加至终体积 20 μ 1。
2) 37 °C 保温 2小时。
3)加 1/5体积的溴酚蓝指示剂 (BPB)。
4 )过 Sephadex G-50柱。
5 ) 至有 32P- Probe洗出前开始收集第一峰(可用 Monitor监测;)。
6) 5滴 /管, 收集 10- 15管。
7)用液体闪烁仪监测同位素量
8 ) 合并第一峰的收集液后即为所需制备的 32P- Probe (第二峰为游离 γ- 32P- dATP )0
预杂交
将样膜置于塑料袋中 ,加入 3-1 Omg预杂交液( 1 OxDenhardt- s; 6xSSC, 0. lmg/ml CT DM (小牛胸腺 DNA)。), 封好袋口后, 68°C水浴摇 2小时。
杂交
将塑料袋剪去一角, 加入制备好的探针, 封好袋口后, 42°C水浴摇过夜。 高强度洗膜:
1) 取出巳杂交好的样膜。
2 ) 2xSSC, 0.1%SDS中, 40°C洗 15分钟 ( 2次)。
3 ) 0. lxSSC, 0.1%SDS中, 40。C洗 15分钟 ( 2次)。
4) 0. lxSSC, 0.1%SDS中, 55°C洗 30分钟 ( 2次), 室温晾干。
低强度洗膜:
1)取出已杂交好的样膜。
2 ) 2xSSC, 0.1%SDS中, 37°C洗 15分钟 ( 2次)。
3 ) 0. lxSSC, 0.1%SDS中, 37。C洗 15分钟 ( 2次)。
4) 0. lxSSC, 0.1%SDS中, 40。C洗 15分钟 ( 2次), 室温晾干。 X -光自显影:
- 70°C, X-光自显影 (压片时间根据杂交斑放射性强弱而定)。
实验结果:
采用低强度洗膜条件所进行的杂交实验, 以上两个探针杂交斑放射性强弱没 有明显区别; 而采用高强度洗膜条件所进行的杂交实验, 探针 1 的杂交斑放射性 强度明显强于另一个探针杂交斑的放射性强度。 因而可用探针 1 定性和定量地分 析本发明的多核苷酸在不同组织中的存在和差异表达。 实施例 7 DNA Microarray
基因芯片或基因微矩阵 (DNA Microarray )是目前许多国家实验室和大制药 公司都在着手研制和开发的新技术, 它是指将大量的靶基因片段有序地、 高密度 地排列在玻璃、 硅等载体上, 然后用荧光检测和计算机软件进行数据的比较和分 析, 以达到快速、 高效、 高通量地分析生物信息的目的。 本发明的多核苷酸可作 为靶 DM 用于基因芯片技术用于高通量研究新基因功能; 寻找和筛选组织特异性 新基因特别是肿瘤等疾病相关新基因; 疾病的诊断, 如遗传性疾病。 其具体方法 步骤在文献中已有多种报道, 如可参阅文献 DeRi s i , J. L. , Lyer, V. &Brown, P. 0. (1997) Sc ience278, 680-686.及文献 Hel le, R. A. , Schema, M. , Cha i , A. , Sha lom, D. , (1997) PNAS 94: 2150-2155.
(一) 点样
各种不同的全长 cDNA共计 4000条多核苷酸序列作为靶 DNA,其中包括本发明 的多核苷酸。 将它们分别通过 PCR 进行扩增, 纯化所得扩增产物后将其浓度调到 500ng/ul 左右, 用 Car tes i an 7500 点样仪(购自美国 Cartes ian公司)点于玻璃 介质上, 点与点之间的距离为 280 μ ΐη。 将点样后的玻片进行水合、 干燥、 置于紫 外交联仪中交联, 洗脱后干燥使 DNA 固定在玻璃片上制备成芯片。 其具体方法步 骤在文献中已有多种报道, 本实施例的点样后处理步骤是:
1. 潮湿环境中水合 4小时;
2. 0. 2%SDS洗涤 1分钟;
3. ddH20洗涤两次, 每次 1分钟;
4. NaBH4封闭 5分钟;
5. 95°C水中 2分钟;
6. 0. 2%SDS洗涤 1分钟;
7. ddH20冲洗两次; 8. 凉干, 25°C储存于暗处备用。
(二)探针标记
用一步法分别从人体混合组织与机体特定组织 (或经过刺激的细胞株) 中抽 提总 mRNA, 并用 Oligotex mRNA Midi Kit (购自 QiaGen公司)纯化 mRNA,通过反 转录分别将荧光试剂 Cy3dUTP(5-Amino-propargyl-2'-deoxyuridine 5'- triphate cou led to Cy3 fluorescent dye, 购自 Amersham Phamacia Biotech公司)标记 人体混合组织的 mRNA,用荧光试剂 Cy5dUTP(5— Amino— propargy卜 2'— deoxyuridine 5'- triphate coupled to Cy5 fluorescent dye, 购自 Amersham Phamacia Biotech 公司)标记机体特定组织 (或经过刺激的细胞株) mRNA, 经纯化后制备出探针。 具 体步骤参照及方法见:
Schena,
M. ,Shalon, D. , Heller, R. (1996) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. Vol.93: 10614- 10619. Schena, M. ,Shalon, Dar i. , Davis, R. W. (1995) Science.270. (20) : 467-480.
(三) 杂交
分别将来自以上两种组织的探针与芯片一起在 UniHyb™ Hybridization
Solution (购自 TeleChem公司)杂交液中进行杂交 16 小时, 室温用洗涤液 (l x SSC, 0.2°/oSDS ) 洗涤后用 ScanArray 3000扫描仪 (购自美国 General Scanning公 司)进行扫描, 扫描的图象用 I腿 gene软件 (美国 Biodiscovery公司)进行数据 分析处理, 算出每个点的 Cy3/Cy5比值。
以上机体特定组织 (或经过刺激的细胞株) 分别为胎脑、 膀胱粘膜、 PMA+的
Ecv304细胞株、 LPS+的 Ecv304细胞株胸腺、 正常成纤维细胞 1024NC、 Fibroblast, 生长因子刺激, 1024NT、 疤痕成 fc生长因子刺激, 1013HT、 疤痕成 fc未用生长因 子刺激, 1013HC、 膀胱癌建株细胞 EJ 膀胱癌旁、 膀胱癌、 肝癌、 肝癌细胞株、 胎皮、 脾脏、 前列腺癌、 空肠腺癌、 贲门癌。 根据这 18个 Cy3/Cy5比值绘出折方图。 (图 1 ) 。 由图可见本发明所述的人 G蛋白亚基 12.65和人 G蛋白 γ 4亚基表达谱很相
工业实用性
本发明的多肽以及该多肽的拮抗剂、 激动剂和抑制剂可直接用于疾病治疗, 例如, 可治疗恶性肿瘤、 肾上腺缺乏症、 皮肤病、 各类炎症、 HIV 感染和免疫 性疾病等。
G蛋白耦联受体为一条跨越质膜七次的多肽链表面受体。 配体与受体结合改 变受体的构象, 使之与质膜胞内侧上的调节蛋白 (G 蛋白) 结合, 共同活化质 膜上的靶蛋白 (酶或离子通道) 。 离子通道通过改变质膜对离子的通透性, 酶 通过影响胞内底物及其他蛋白来影响细胞行为。
巳知属于这类受体的有肾上腺素受体、 乙酰胆碱受体、 阿片肽受体、 胰高 血糖素受体、 胰岛素受体、 促黄体生成素受体、 促卵泡激素受体、 促甲状腺素 受体、 促肾上腺皮质激素受体、 肠促胰酶素受体和生长激素释放的抑制因子受 体等, 这类受体的功能紊乱可影响到相应激素的生理效应的发挥, 进而导致各 种病症的发生。
G蛋白由 α、 β和 γ亚基构成。 人 G蛋白亚基是 G蛋白的组成成分, 在体内 其表达异常可影响 G蛋白的形成, 导致 G蛋白的功能障碍, 影响相应配体 (如 激素) 的生理效应的发挥, 进而导致相关疾病的发生。
本发明的多肽的表达谱与人 G 蛋白亚基蛋白的表达谱相一致, 两者具有相 似的生物学功能。 本发明的多肽在体内是 G 蛋白的组成成分, 在体内其表达异 常可影响 G蛋白的形成, 导致 G蛋白的功能障碍, 影响相应配体(如激素) 的 生理效应的发挥, 进而导致相关疾病的发生, 这些疾病包括但不限于:
肾上腺素受体、 乙酰胆碱受体功能稳乱相关疾病:
一心脑血管系统:
各种心律失常, 如房早, 室早, 窦速, 室上速, 室速, 房扑, 房颤, 窦缓, 窦性停搏, 病窦综合症, 室内传导阻滞等;
CAD , 心绞痛, 心肌梗塞, 心血管神经官能症, 急性心衰, 慢性心衰, ΗΒΡ , 神经原性直立性低血压, 暈厥, 脑血管意外, 低血压性休克等;
二呼吸系统:
肺水肿, 呼吸肌麻痹, 呼吸衰竭, 支气管哮喘等;
三 腹腔脏器疾病:
恶心, 呕吐, 胃肠胀气, 胃肠绞痛, 胆绞痛, 肾绞痛, 胃肠梗阻, 尿路梗 阻, 急性梗阻性胆管炎, 急性胰腺炎, 慢性胰腺炎等;
尿储留, 遗尿症, 膀胱刺激症 (尿频, 尿急, 尿痛) , 便秘等;
反流性食管炎, 慢性胃炎, 消化性溃疡, 非溃疡性消化不良, 神经性腹泻 等,
胃肠神经官能症: 癔球症, 心因性呕吐, 神经性 气, 神经性厌食, 肠激 惹综合症等;
四 内分泌系统: 糖尿病, 低血糖症, 脂血症, 高脂蛋白血症, 肥胖症, 嗜铬细胞瘤等; 五 肌肉运动系统:
重症肌无力, 周期性瘫痪, 肌强直, 肌痉挛等;
六 外周血管性疾病:
雷诺病, 红斑性肢痛等;
七 其他: 痛经, 青光眼, 视力障碍及多脏器缺血性坏死, 如肾坏死 (肾衰) , 肝坏死, 肠坏死等;
阿片肽受体在脑内分布广泛而不均匀, 受体密度较高的部位如脊髓胶质 区、 丘脑内侧、 脑室及导水管周围灰质都是和疼痛刺激的传入、 痛觉的整合及 感受有关的神经结构; 而受体密度最高的边缘系统以及蓝斑核, 则多是与情绪 及精神活动有关的脑区。 它们通过与脑内阿片肽或 /和外源性阿片生物碱类药 物 (吗啡、 纳络酮等) 结合而发挥不同的效应。 阿片肽受体激动时可镇痛、 引 起平滑肌收缩、 兴奋血管运动中枢和呼吸中枢以及产生相应的精神症状。 基于 此, 本发明的多肽以及该多肽的拮抗剂, 激动剂和抑制剂可直接用于一些病症 的诊治, 这些病症包括但不限于:
镇痛, 镇静, 镇咳, 心源性哮喘, 腹泻, 便秘, 胃肠道 /泌尿道绞痛, 精神 性病症 (烦躁不安、 幻觉、 焦虑) , 吗啡类镇痛药急性中毒 (呼吸抑制) 等; 其他受体功能紊乱相关疾病:
巨人症, 侏儒症, 肢端肥大症 (生长激素释放的抑制因子受体) , 皮质醇 增多症 (柯兴综合症) , 原发性性醛固酮增多症, 继发性慢性肾上腺皮质功能 减退 (促肾上腺皮质激素受体) , 甲状腺机能亢进症, 甲状腺机能减退症 (促 甲状腺素受体) , 男 /女不育症, 月经失调 (功能性子宫出血、 闭经、 多囊卵 巢综合症、 经前期紧张综合症、 更年期综合症) , 性发育障碍 (促黄体生成素 受体、 促卵泡激素受体), 糖尿病, 低血糖症(胰高血糖素受体、 胰岛素受体), 消化性溃疡, 慢性消化不良 (肠促胰酶素受体) 等;
此外, G蛋白在生物体内有着极为重要的作用, 其表达异常将导致组织细胞 的异常增殖及蛋白的异常表达。 人 G蛋白亚基是 G蛋白的组成成分, 在体内其 表达异常可影响 G蛋白的形成, 导致 G蛋白的功能障碍, 引起组织细胞的异常 增殖及蛋白的异常表达, 进而导致相关疾病的发生。
本发明的多肽的表达谱与人 G 蛋白亚基蛋白的表达谱相一致, 两者具有相 似的生物学功能。 本发明的多肽在体内是 G 蛋白的组成成分, 在体内其表达异 常可影响 G蛋白的形成, 导致 G蛋白的功能障碍, 引起组织细胞的异常增殖及 蛋白的异常表达, 进而导致各种肿瘤疾病的发生, 这些疾病包括但不限于: 各种组织常见肿瘤:
一. 上皮组织:
乳头状瘤, 鳞状细胞癌 【皮肤、 鼻咽、 喉、 宫颈】 , 腺瘤(癌) 【乳腺、 甲状腺】 , 粘 /浆液性嚢腺瘤(癌) 【卵巢】 , 基底细胞癌【头面部皮肤】, (恶 性)多型性腺瘤 【延腺】 , 乳头状瘤、 移行上皮癌 【膀胱、 肾盂】 等; 二. 间叶组织:
纤维(肉)瘤 【四肢】 , (恶性)纤维组织细胞瘤 【四肢】 , 脂肪(肉)瘤 【皮 下组织、 下肢、 腹膜后】, 平滑肌(肉)瘤【子宫和胃肠】, 横紋肌(肉)瘤【头 颈、 生殖泌尿道、 四肢】 , 血管(肉)瘤、 淋巴管(肉)瘤 【皮肤、 皮下组织、 舌、 唇】 , 骨(肉)瘤 【颅骨、 长骨】, (恶)性巨细胞瘤 【股 /胫 /肱骨上端】 , 软骨(肉)瘤 【手足短骨、 盆 /肋 /股 /肱 /肩胛骨】 , 滑膜(肉)瘤 【膝 /踝 /腕 / 肩 /肘关节附近】 , (恶)性间皮瘤 【胸 /腹膜】 等;
三. 淋巴造血组织:
恶性淋巴瘤 【颈部、 纵隔、 肠系膜和腹膜后淋巴结】 , 各种白血病 【淋 巴造血组织】 , 多发性骨髓瘤 【推 /胸 /肋 /颅骨和长骨】 等;
四. 神经组织:
.神经纤维(肉)瘤【全身皮神经 /深部神经及内脏】, (恶性)神经鞘瘤【头、 颈、 四肢等处神经】 , (恶性)胶质细胞瘤 【大脑】 , 髓母细胞瘤 【小脑】 , (恶性)脑膜瘤 【脑膜】 , 节神经细胞瘤 /神经母细胞瘤 【纵隔和腹膜后 /肾 上腺髓质】 等;
五. 其他肿瘤:
黑痣, 恶性黑色素瘤 【皮肤、 粘膜】 , (恶性)葡萄胎, 绒毛膜上皮癌 【子 宫】 , (恶性)支持细胞、 间质细胞瘤, (恶性)颗粒细胞瘤 【卵巢、 睾丸】 , 精原细胞瘤 【睾丸】 , 无性细胞瘤 【卵巢】 , 胚胎性癌 【睾丸、 卵巢】 , (恶 性)畸胎瘤 【卵巢、 睾丸、 纵隔和骶尾部】 等;
综合上述, 本发明的多肽以及该多肽的拮抗剂, 激动剂和抑制剂可直接用 于多种疾病的治疗, 例如多种激素受体功能稳乱相关疾病、 各种肿瘤以及用于 治疗镇痛, 镇静, 镇咳, 心源性哮喘, 腹泻, 便秘, 胃肠道 /泌尿道绞痛, 精 神性病症 (烦躁不安、 幻觉 焦虑) , 吗啡类镇痛药急性中毒 (呼吸抑制) 等。
本发明也提供了筛选化合物以鉴定提高(激动剂)或阻遏(拮抗剂)人 G 蛋白 亚基 12. 65 的药剂的方法。 激动剂提高人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65刺激细胞增殖等生 物功能, 而拮抗剂阻止和治疗与细胞过度增殖有关的紊乱如各种癌症。 例如, 能在药物的存在下, 将哺乳动物细胞或表达人 G蛋白亚基 12.65 的膜制剂与标 记的人 G蛋白亚基 12.65 —起培养。 然后测定药物提高或阻遏此相互作用的能 力。
人 G蛋白亚基 12.65 的拮抗剂包括筛选出的抗体、 化合物、 受体缺失物和 类似物等。 人 G蛋白亚基 12.65 的拮抗剂可以与人 G蛋白亚基 12.65结合并消 除其功能, 或是抑制该多肽的产生, 或是与该多肽的活性位点结合使该多肽不 能发挥生物学功能。
在筛选作为拮抗剂的化合物时, 可以将人 G蛋白亚基 12.65加入生物分析 测定中, 通过测定化合物对人 G蛋白亚基 12.65 和其受体之间相互作用的影响 来确定化合物是否是拮抗剂。 用上述筛选化合物的同样方法, 可以筛选出起拮 抗剂作用的受体缺失物和类似物。 能与人 G蛋白亚基 12.65 结合的多肽分子可 通过筛选由各种可能组合的氨基酸结合于固相物组成的随机多肽库而获得。 筛 选时, 一般应对人 G蛋白亚基 12.65分子进行标记。
本发明提供了用多肽, 及其片段、 衍生物、 类似物或它们的细胞作为抗原 以生产抗体的方法。 这些抗体可以是多克隆抗体或单克隆抗体。 本发明还提供 了针对人 G 蛋白亚基 12.65 抗原决定簇的抗体。 这些抗体包括(但不限于): 多 克隆抗体、 单克隆抗体、 嵌合抗体、 单链抗体、 Fab 片段和 Fab 表达文库产生 的片段。
多克隆抗体的生产可用人 G蛋白亚基 12.65 直接注射免疫动物 (如家兔, 小鼠, 大鼠等) 的方法得到, 多种佐剂可用于增强免疫反应, 包括但不限于弗 氏佐剂等。 制备人 G蛋白亚基 12.65 的单克隆抗体的技术包括但不限于杂交瘤 技术(Kohler and Milstein. Nature, 1975, 256: 495-497) , 三瘤技术, 人 Β— 细胞杂交瘤技术, EBV-杂交瘤技术等。 将人恒定区和非人源的可变区结合的嵌 合抗体可用已有的技术生产(Morrison et al , PNAS, 1985, 81: 6851) 0 而已有的 生产单链抗体的技术(U. S. Pat No.4946778)也可用于生产抗人 G蛋白亚基 12.65 的单链抗体。
抗人 G蛋白亚基 12.65 的抗体可用于免疫组织化学技术中, 检测活检标本 中的人 G蛋白亚基 12.65。
与人 G蛋白亚基 12.65 结合的单克隆抗体也可用放射性同位素标记, 注入 体内可跟踪其位置和分布。 这种放射性标记的抗体可作为一种非创伤性诊断方 法用于肿瘤细胞的定位和判断是否有转移。 抗体还可用于设计针对体内某一特殊部位的免疫毒素。 如人 G 蛋白亚基 12. 65 高亲和性的单克隆抗体可与细菌或植物毒素(如白喉毒素, 蓖麻蛋白, 红 豆碱等)共价结合。 一种通常的方法是用巯基交联剂如 SPDP , 攻击抗体的氨基, 通过二硫键的交换, 将毒素结合于抗体上, 这种杂交抗体可用于杀灭人 G 蛋白 亚基 12. 65阳性的细胞。
本发明中的抗体可用于治疗或预防与人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65相关的疾病。 给 予适当剂量的抗体可以刺激或阻断人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65的产生或活性。
本发明还涉及定量和定位检测人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65水平的诊断试验方法。 这些试验是本领域所熟知的, 且包括 FISH测定和放射免疫测定。 试验中所检测 的人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65水平, 可以用作解释人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65在各种疾病中 的重要性和用于诊断人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65起作用的疾病。
本发明的多肽还可用作肽谱分析, 例如, 多肽可用物理的、 化学或酶进行 特异性切割, 并进行一维或二维或三维的凝胶电泳分析,更好的是进行质谱分 析。
编码人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65 的多核苷酸也可用于多种治疗目的。 基因治疗技 术可用于治疗由于人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65的无表达或异常 /无活性表达所致的细胞 增殖、 发育或代谢异常。 重组的基因治疗载体(如病毒载体)可设计用于表达变 异的人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65, 以抑制内源性的人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65 活性。 例如, 一种变异的人 G 蛋白亚基 12. 65 可以是缩短的、 缺失了信号传导功能域的人 G 蛋白亚基 12. 65 , 虽可与下游的底物结合, 但缺乏信号传导活性。 因此重组的 基因治疗载体可用于治疗人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65 表达或活性异常所致的疾病。 来 源于病毒的表达载体如逆转录病毒、 腺病毒、 腺病毒相关病毒、 单纯疱疹病毒、 细小病毒等可用于将编码人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65 的多核苷酸转移至细胞内。 构建 携带编码人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65 的多核苷酸的重组病毒载体的方法可见于已有文 献(Sambrook, et a l. )。 另外重组编码人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65的多核苷酸可包装到 脂质体中转移至细胞内。
多核苷酸导入组织或细胞内的方法包括: 将多核苷酸直接注入到体内组织 中; 或在体外通过载体(如病毒、 噬菌体或质粒等)先将多核苷酸导入细胞中, 再将细胞移植到体内等。
抑制人 G蛋白亚基 I 2. 65 mRNA的寡核苷酸(包括反义 RNA和 DNA)以及核酶 也在本发明的范围之内。 核酶是一种能特异性分解特定 RM 的酶样 RNA分子, 其作用机制是核酶分子与互补的靶 RNA 特异性杂交后进行核酸内切作用。 反义 的 RNA和 DM及核酶可用已有的任何 RNA或 DNA合成技术获得, 如固相磷酸酰 胺化学合成法合成寡核苷酸的技术已广泛应用。 反义 RNA分子可通过编码该 RNA 的 DNA序列在体外或体内转录获得。 这种 DNA序列已整合到载体的 RNA聚合酶 启动子的下游。 为了增加核酸分子的稳定性, 可用多种方法对其进行修饰, 如 增加两侧的序列长度, 核糖核苷之间的连接应用磷酸硫酯键或肽键而非磷酸二 酯键。
编码人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65 的多核苷酸可用于与人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65的相关 疾病的诊断。编码人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65的多核苷酸可用于检测人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65 的表达与否或在疾病状态下人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65 的异常表达。 如编码人 G蛋白 亚基 12. 65 的 DNA序列可用于对活检标本进行杂交以判断人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65 的表达状况。 杂交技术包括 Southern 印迹法, Nor t hern 印迹法、 原位杂交等。 这些技术方法都是公开的成熟技术, 相关的试剂盒都可从商业途径得到。 本发 明的多核苷酸的一部分或全部可作为探针固定在微阵列(Mi croar ray)或 DNA 芯 片(又称为 "基因芯片" )上, 用于分析组织中基因的差异表达分析和基因诊断。 用人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65特异的引物进行 RNA-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)体外扩增也 可检测人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65的转录产物。
检测人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65基因的突变也可用于诊断人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65相 关的疾病。人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65突变的形式包括与正常野生型人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65 DNA 序列相比的点突变、 易位、 缺失、 重组和其它任何异常等。 可用已有的技 术如 Sou t hern 印迹法、 DNA序列分析、 PCR和原位杂交检测突变。 另外, 突变 有可能影响蛋白的表达, 因此用 Nor t hern 印迹法、 We s t ern 印迹法可间接判断 基因有无突变。
本发明的序列对染色体鉴定也是有价值的。 该序列会特异性地针对某条人 染色体具体位置且并可以与其杂交。 目前, 需要鉴定染色体上的各基因的具体 位点。 现在, 只有很少的基于实际序列数据(重复多态性)的染色体标记物可用 于标记染色体位置。 根据本发明, 为了将这些序列与疾病相关基因相关联, 其 重要的第一步就是将这些 DNA序列定位于染色体上。
简而言之, 根据 cDNA制备 PCR引物(优选 15- 35bp) , 可以将序列定位于染色 体上。 然后, 将这些引物用于 PCR筛选含各条人染色体的体细胞杂合细胞。 只 有那些含有相应于引物的人基因的杂合细胞会产生扩增的片段。
体细胞杂合细胞的 PCR定位法, 是将 DNA定位到具体染色.体的快捷方法。 使 用本发明的寡核苷酸引物, 通过类似方法, 可利用一组来自特定染色体的片段 或大量基因组克隆而实现亚定位。 可用于染色体定位的其它类似策略包括原位 杂交、 用标记的流式分选的染色体预筛选和杂交预选, 从而构建染色体特异的 cDM库。
将 cDNA克隆与中期染色体进行荧光原位杂交(FISH) , 可以在一个步骤中精 确地进行染色体定位。 此技术的综述, 参见 Verma等, Human Chromosomes: a Manua l of Bas i c Techn iques, Pergamon Pres s, New York (1988)。
一旦序列被定位到准确的染色体位置, 此序列在染色体上的物理位置就可 以与基因图数据相关联。 这些数据可见于例如, V. Mckus ick, Mendel ian Inher i tance in Man (可通过与 Johns Hopkins Univers i ty Welch Medica l Library联机获得)。 然后可通过连锁分析, 确定基因与业已定位到染色体区域 上的疾病之间的关系。
接着, 需要测定患病和未患病个体间的 cDNA或基因组序列差异。 如果在一 些或所有的患病个体中观察到某突变, 而该突变在任何正常个体中未观察到, 则该突变可能是疾病的病因。 比较患病和未患病个体, 通常涉及首先寻找染色 体中结构的变化, 如从染色体水平可见的或用基于 cDNA序列的 PCR可检测的缺 失或易位。 根据目前的物理作图和基因定位技术的分辨能力, 被精确定位至与 疾病有关的染色体区域的 cDNA, 可以是 50至 500个潜在致病基因间之一种(假定 1兆碱基作图分辨能力和每 20kb对应于一个基因)。
可以将本发明的多肽、 多核苷酸及其模拟物、 激动剂、 拮抗剂和抑制剂与 合适的药物载体组合后使用。 这些载体可以是水、 葡萄糖、 乙醇、 盐类、 缓冲 液、 甘油以及它们的组合。 组合物包含安全有效量的多肽或拮抗剂以及不影响 药物效果的载体和赋形剂。 这些组合物可以作为药物用于疾病治疗。
本发明还提供含有一种或多种容器的药盒或试剂盒, 容器中装有一种或多 种本发明的药用组合物成分。 与这些容器一起, 可以有由制造、 使用或销售药 品或生物制品的政府管理机构所给出的指示性提示, 该提示反映出生产、 使用 或销售的政府管理机构许可其在人体上施用。 此外, 本发明的多肽可以与其它 的治疗化合物结合使用。
药物组合物可以以方便的方式给药, 如通过局部、 静脉内、 腹膜内、 肌内、 皮下、 鼻内或皮内的给药途径。 人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65 以有效地治疗和 /或预防具 体的适应症的量来给药。 施用于患者的人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65 的量和剂量范围将 取决于许多因素, 如给药方式、 待治疗者的健康条件和诊断医生的判断。

Claims

杈 利 要 求 书
1、 一种分离的多肽-人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65, 其特征在于它包含有: SEQ ID N0: 2 所示的氨基酸序列的多肽、 或其多肽的活性片段、 类似物或衍生物。
2、 如权利要求 1 所述的多肽, 其特征在于所述多肽、 类似物或衍生物的氨基 酸序列具有与 SEQ ID NO: 2所示的氨基酸序列至少 95%的相同性。
3、 如权利要求 2 所述的多肽, 其特征在于它包含具有 SEQ ID NO: 2 所示的氨 基酸序列的多肽。
4、 一种分离的多核苷酸, 其特征在于所述多核苷酸包含选自下组中的一种: (a) 编码具有 SEQ ID NO: 2所示氨基酸序列的多肽或其片段、 类似物、 衍生 物的多核苷酸;
(b) 与多核苷酸 (a ) 互补的多核苷酸; 或
(c) 与 ) 或 (b ) 有至少 70%相同性的多核苷酸。
5、 如杈利要求 4 所述的多核苷酸, 其特征在于所述多核苷酸包含编码具有 SEQ ID NO: 2所示氨基酸序列的多核苷酸。
6、如权利要求 4所述的多核苷酸,其特征在于所述多核苷酸的序列包含有 SEQ ID NO: 1中 1783 - 21 30位的序列或 SEQ ID NO: 1中 1-2508位的序列。
7、 一种含有外源多核苷酸的重组载体, 其特征在于它是由权利要求 4 - 6 中的 任一权利要求所述多核苷酸与质粒、 病毒或运载体表达载体构建而成的重组载 体。
8、 一种含有外源多核苷酸的遗传工程化宿主细胞, 其特征在于它是选自于下 列一种宿主细胞:
(a) 用权利要求 7所述的重组载体转化或转导的宿主细胞; 或
(b) 用权利要求 4-6 中的任一权利要求所述多核苷酸转化或转导的宿主细 胞。
9、 一种具有人 G 蛋白亚基 12. 65 活性的多肽的制备方法, 其特征在于所述方 法包括:
(a) 在表达人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65条件下, 培养杈利要求 8所述的工程化宿主 细胞;
(b) 从培养物中分离出具有人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65活性的多肽。
10、 一种能与多肽结合的抗体,其特征在于所述抗体是能与人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65 特异性结合的抗体。
11、 一类模拟或调节多肽活性或表达的化合物, 其特征在于它们是模拟、 促进、 拮抗或抑制人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65的活性的化合物。
12、 如权利要求 11 所述的化合物, 其特征在于它是 SEQ ID NO: 1 所示的多核 苷酸序列或其片段的反义序列。
1 3、 一种权利要求 11所述化合物的应用, 其特征在于所述化合物用于调节人 G 蛋白亚基 12. 65在体内、 体外活性的方法。
14、 一种检测与权利要求 1-3 中的任一权利要求所述多肽相关的疾病或疾病易 感性的方法, 其特征在于其包括检测所述多肽的表达量, 或者检测所述多肽的 活性, 或者检测多核苷酸中引起所述多肽表达量或活性异常的核苷酸变异。
15、 如杈利要求 1-3 中的任一权利要求所述多肽的应用, 其特征在于它应用于 筛选人 G蛋白亚基 12. 65 的模拟物、 激动剂, 拮抗剂或抑制剂; 或者用于肽指 紋图谱鉴定。
16、 如权利要求 4-6 中的任一权利要求所述的核酸分子的应用, 其特征在于它 作为引物用于核酸扩增反应, 或者作为探针用于杂交反应, 或者用于制造基因 芯片或微阵列。
17、 如权利要求 1-6 及 11 中的任一权利要求所述的多肽、 多核苷酸或化合物 的应用, 其特征在于用所述多肽、 多核苷酸或其模拟物、 激动剂、 拮抗剂或抑 制剂以安全有效剂量与药学上可接受的载体组成作为诊断或治疗与人 G 蛋白亚 基 12. 65异常相关的疾病的药物组合物。
18、 权利要求 1-6 及 11 中的任一杈利要求所述的多肽、 多核苷酸或化合物的 应用, 其特征在于用所述多肽、 多核苷酸或化合物制备用于治疗如恶性肿瘤, 血液病, HIV感染和免疫性疾病和各类炎症的药物。
PCT/CN2001/001020 2000-06-21 2001-06-19 Nouveau polypeptide, sous-unite de proteine g humaine 12.65, et polynucleotide codant ce polypeptide Ceased WO2002012310A1 (fr)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998025956A2 (en) * 1996-12-12 1998-06-18 Incyte Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Human gtp-binding proteins
US5871971A (en) * 1997-07-17 1999-02-16 Incyte Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Human developmentally regulated GTP-binding protein

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998025956A2 (en) * 1996-12-12 1998-06-18 Incyte Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Human gtp-binding proteins
US5871971A (en) * 1997-07-17 1999-02-16 Incyte Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Human developmentally regulated GTP-binding protein

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