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WO2002002479A1 - Structure ceramique en nid d'abeille et procede de preparation associe - Google Patents

Structure ceramique en nid d'abeille et procede de preparation associe Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002002479A1
WO2002002479A1 PCT/JP2001/005491 JP0105491W WO0202479A1 WO 2002002479 A1 WO2002002479 A1 WO 2002002479A1 JP 0105491 W JP0105491 W JP 0105491W WO 0202479 A1 WO0202479 A1 WO 0202479A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ceramic structure
honeycomb ceramic
honeycomb
partition wall
total area
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2001/005491
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kazuhiko Kumazawa
Yasushi Noguchi
Hideaki Nishi
Hiroyuki Suenobu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NGK Insulators Ltd
Original Assignee
NGK Insulators Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NGK Insulators Ltd filed Critical NGK Insulators Ltd
Priority to US10/312,140 priority Critical patent/US6818580B2/en
Priority to AU2001267828A priority patent/AU2001267828A1/en
Priority to DE60129815T priority patent/DE60129815T2/de
Priority to EP01945623A priority patent/EP1298112B1/fr
Publication of WO2002002479A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002002479A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • C04B38/00Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C04B38/06Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
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    • C04B35/16Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay
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    • C04B35/626Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/62605Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S55/00Gas separation
    • Y10S55/05Methods of making filter
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S55/00Gas separation
    • Y10S55/30Exhaust treatment
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24149Honeycomb-like

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to, for example, a honeycomb ceramic structure capable of obtaining high collection efficiency with low pressure loss and suitably used as a diesel particulate filter (DPF), and a method for producing the same. ⁇ .
  • a honeycomb ceramic structure capable of obtaining high collection efficiency with low pressure loss and suitably used as a diesel particulate filter (DPF), and a method for producing the same. ⁇ .
  • DPF diesel particulate filter
  • DPF diesel particulate filters
  • Japanese Patent Publication No. 9-1 7 7 5 7 3 discloses a honeycomb structure in which the porosity and the average pore diameter are increased and the pore distribution on the partition wall surface is specified.
  • Japanese Patent Publication No. 3293 discloses a honeycomb structure in which the partition wall thickness is reduced to a predetermined value or less and the porosity is increased.
  • Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-38930 discloses that a high porosity is obtained by using coarse particles of a predetermined amount or more in the cordierite-forming raw material as particles of both the bulk component and the sily component.
  • Japanese Patent No. 2726616 discloses a honeycomb structure having a high porosity and a defined pore distribution and surface roughness. I have.
  • the cordierite-forming raw material is made into coarse particles, and graphite, wood flour, a foaming agent, or the like is added as a pore-forming agent.
  • graphite, wood flour, a foaming agent, or the like is added as a pore-forming agent.
  • the dielectric constant of the molded body to which graphite is added decreases, and when the amount is large, it is difficult to perform uniform drying by dielectric drying or microwave drying.
  • the firing time of 800 to 100 ° C. is lengthened in the firing step, there is a problem that it is necessary to suppress rapid combustion of graphite.
  • the present inventor has conducted intensive studies in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and as a result, while increasing the porosity of the honeycomb structure to a predetermined value or more, the exhaust gas actually comes into contact with the honeycomb structure, and the honeycomb structure is present on the partition wall surface through which the exhaust gas passes. Focusing on the pore area of the partition wall, it was found that when the total area of the pores exposed on the partition wall surface was set to a predetermined value or more, the pressure loss was extremely low, and high collection efficiency could be achieved. It was done.
  • the chemical composition is S i 0 2 4 2 ⁇ 5 6 wt%, A 1 2 ⁇ 3 3 0-4 5 wt%, M g O 1 2 ⁇ 1 6 wt% than it crystalline phase
  • a honeycomb ceramic structure in which the total area of the pores exposed on the surface is 35% or more of the total area of the partition wall surface. ⁇
  • the total area of the pores exposed on the partition wall surface is preferably 40% or more of the total area of the partition wall surface, and the average pore diameter is preferably 15 to 25 zm.
  • the partition wall thickness is preferably 300 m or less.
  • the permeability is preferably 1.5 to 6 ⁇ m 2 .
  • the thermal expansion coefficient between 40 to 800 ° C is desirably less than 0. 5x 10- 6 / ° C.
  • the honeycomb ceramic structure of the present invention can be preferably used as a diesel particulate filler (DPF) for collecting particulates discharged from a diesel engine.
  • DPF diesel particulate filler
  • the crystal phase consists 12 to 16 by weight% MgO is composed mainly of cordierite, a porosity of 55-65%, an average pore diameter of 15
  • a method for manufacturing a honeycomb ceramic structure is provided.
  • the synthetic resin is preferably any one of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), and phenolic resin, or a combination thereof. It is preferable that the average particle diameter of the talc raw material in the raw material for lighting is 50 m or less, and the average particle diameter of the silica raw material is 6 or less.
  • FIG. 1 shows an SEM photograph of a rib cross section of the honeycomb ceramic structure of Example 1.
  • FIG. 2 shows an SEM photograph of the partition wall surface (film surface) of the honeycomb ceramic structure of Example 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows an SEM photograph of a rib cross section of the honeycomb ceramic structure of Comparative Example 5.
  • FIG. 4 shows an SEM photograph of the partition wall surface (film surface) of the honeycomb ceramic structure of Comparative Example 5.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the weight loss rate (TG) and the calorific value (DTA) of Comparative Example 7 and Example 7.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the storage time and the pressure loss.
  • Honeycomb ceramics structure of the present invention the chemical composition S i0 2 42-56 wt%, A 1 2 0 3 30 ⁇ 45 wt%, the crystal phase consists 12 to 16 weight percent MgO is predominant cordierite
  • the porosity is 55 to 65%
  • the average pore diameter is 15 to 3 O ⁇ m
  • the total area of the pores exposed on the partition wall surface constituting the honeycomb ceramic structure is the total of the partition wall surface. More than 35% of the area.
  • the porosity ranges from 55 to 65%.
  • the porosity is less than 55%, the pressure loss of the exhaust gas increases, which is not preferable.
  • the porosity exceeds 65%, the mechanical strength of the honeycomb structure is significantly reduced, and the honeycomb structure can withstand practical use. Can not do.
  • the average pore diameter is 15 to 30 ⁇ m, and preferably 15 to 2. If the average pore diameter is less than 15 zm, the trapping efficiency increases but the pressure loss increases, which is not preferred.If the average pore diameter exceeds 30 m, the pressure loss is low and good. However, the probability that the fine particles in the exhaust gas will not be collected through the air holes increases. In particular, when the wall thickness of the partition wall of the honeycomb ceramic structure is 300 m or less, the reduction of the collection efficiency becomes remarkable. In addition, if the average pore diameter exceeds 3 When the rate is less than 55%, the initial pressure loss is low, but the pressure loss tends to increase rapidly as the operating time increases.
  • the average pore diameter is more preferably in the range of 15 to 25 zm.
  • the total area of the pores exposed on the surface of the partition wall constituting the honeycomb ceramic structure is 35% or more of the total area of the partition wall surface.
  • the total area of the pores exposed on the partition wall surface is preferably 40% or more of the total area of the partition wall surface, and more preferably 60% or less.
  • the permeability can be 1.5 to 6 m 2 .
  • high trapping efficiency can be achieved with low pressure loss to exhaust gas.
  • the honeycomb ceramic structure of the present invention has a heat treatment temperature between 40 and 800 ° C. Expansion coefficient is zero. May be 5 xl 0- 6 / ° C or less. With such a coefficient of thermal expansion, it exhibits extremely excellent thermal shock resistance, and is unlikely to be damaged even if repeated rapid temperature changes occur.
  • the honeycomb ceramic structure of the present invention has a high collection efficiency as described above, it can be preferably applied to a thin-walled honeycomb structure having a partition wall thickness of 300 m or less.
  • the honeycomb ceramic structure of the present invention having the above-mentioned configuration can be applied very preferably as a diesel particulate filter (DPF) for collecting paticular oil discharged from a diesel engine.
  • DPF diesel particulate filter
  • talc, kaolin, calcined kaolin, alumina, aluminum hydroxide, from among silica, chemical composition S i 0 2 4 2 ⁇ 5 6 wt%, A 1 2 0 3 3 0 ⁇ 4 5 wt%, M g O 12 15 to 25% by weight of graphite as a pore former is added to the raw material for coagulation prepared in a predetermined ratio so as to fall within the range of 12 to 16% by weight.
  • ⁇ ⁇ 5 ⁇ a synthetic resin such as ⁇ Fuwenoru resin; adding L 5 wt%, methyl celluloses, after adding a predetermined amount of a surfactant, kneaded and clay by adding water as appropriate.
  • the honeycomb ceramic structure according to the present invention can be manufactured. Further, the staggered end face sealing of the honeycomb ceramic structure is performed after drying or firing, and is performed by firing the honeycomb structure again, etc.
  • the amount of graphite added to the raw material for co-gelation exceeds 25% by weight, it becomes difficult to perform uniform drying by dielectric drying and microwave drying, and graphite is burned in the firing step. It was necessary to suppress the rapid combustion of graphite by increasing the firing time at ⁇ 1000 ° C. If the heating rate of the graphite in the combustion zone is too high, the graphite will burn rapidly and a large temperature distribution will occur in the honeycomb structure, which may cause cracks. Also, if the graphite remains unburned, it may adversely affect the cordierite-forming reaction at a high temperature of 1200 ° C or more, and there is a risk that the thermal expansion will increase. For this reason, the amount of graphite added must be 25% by weight or less, more preferably 20% by weight or less, when considering industrial mass production. The lower limit of the addition of graphite must be 15% by weight or more in view of porosity and calorific value.
  • a honeycomb structure having a large porosity of 55% or more can be manufactured by adding a predetermined amount of a synthetic resin having a relatively small calorific value during combustion to the graphite. Things.
  • the honeycomb ceramic structure of the present invention in order to increase the total area of the pores exposed on the surface of the honeycomb structure partition wall, it is necessary to increase the porosity and to increase the talc during the cordierite-forming reaction.
  • the talc raw material and the silica raw material are made coarse, the average pore diameter can be increased, but the formed pores do not always appear on the partition wall surface, but only form coarse pores inside the partition walls. This is because coarse particles tend to collect at the center of the partition wall during extrusion molding.
  • the surface of the partition wall can be effectively formed. Pores can be formed, and as a result, The ratio of the total area of the pores exposed on the partition wall surface of the honeycomb structure to the total area of the partition wall surface can be increased to 35% or more.
  • the average particle diameter of the talc raw material is more preferably in the range of 20 to 50 m, and the average particle diameter of the raw material for silicic acid is more preferably in the range of 20 to 60 m.
  • the cordierite-forming raw material and the pore-forming agent shown in Table 1 were mixed in the proportions shown in Table 2, respectively, 2% by weight of methylcellulose and hydroxypropoxylmethylcellulose, and 0.5% by weight of fatty acid stone as a surfactant. % And water were appropriately added to obtain clay.
  • the cell structure was ⁇ 15 O mm x 15 O mm (length)
  • the wall thickness was 300 mm
  • the number of cells was 31 cells /
  • Each type of honeycomb structure having a cm 2 or wall thickness: 430 m and the number of cells: 16 cells / cm 2 was extruded, and water was removed by dielectric drying and hot-air drying.
  • Table 3 shows the physical properties and evaluation results of the obtained honeycomb ceramic structure.
  • Example 6 Batch 1 1 300 31 0.4 26 62 42 65 90 5.3
  • the average pore diameter and porosity of the honeycomb ceramic structure were measured as follows.
  • the average pore diameter and porosity are determined from the pore distribution measured by the mercury intrusion method. Porosity was calculated from the total pore volume.
  • the area ratio of the pores exposed on the partition wall surface was determined by analyzing a photograph of the partition wall surface obtained by SEM observation using an image analysis processor.
  • CTE Measured by differential measurement using quartz as a standard sample.
  • Permeability A part of the partition wall is removed from each honeycomb ceramic structure and processed so that there are no irregularities.
  • the sample is used as a sample. Gas was allowed to flow into the sample at a specific gas pressure. At this time, the permeability of the gas passing through the sample was determined based on the following equation.
  • C is the permeability ( ⁇ m 2 )
  • F is the gas flow rate (cm 3 / s)
  • T is the sample thickness (cm)
  • V is the gas viscosity (dyne s ⁇ s / cm 2 )
  • D is the sample diameter (cm)
  • P is the gas pressure (PSI)
  • Pressure loss the diesel Gasupana one to generate a scan one bets, flowed gas flow 2. 4 Nm 3 / min by mounting the DP F on the downstream side, the combustion gas containing scan one bets at a temperature of about 0.99 ° C to DPF The pressure difference before and after the DPF was determined from the change over time while soot was deposited on the DPF.
  • a gas is generated by a gas oil burner, and a DPF is installed downstream of the gas.
  • a gas flow rate of 2.4 Nm 3 / min and a temperature of about 150 ° C are included.
  • the combustion gas was passed through the DPF, and the DPF collection efficiency was calculated from the ratio of the weight of the gas in the upstream and downstream of the DPF and the gas divided at a constant ratio.
  • FIG. 1 shows an SEM photograph of a rib cross section of the honeycomb ceramic structure of Example 1
  • FIG. 2 shows an SEM photograph of a partition wall surface (film surface) of the honeycomb ceramic structure of Example 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows an SEM photograph of the rib cross section of the honeycomb ceramic structure of Comparative Example 5
  • FIG. 4 shows an SEM photograph of the partition wall surface (film surface) of the honeycomb ceramic structure of Comparative Example 5.
  • FIG. 3 and 4 show the microstructure of the honeycomb structure of Comparative Example 5.
  • FIG. From the photographs of FIGS. 3 and 4, it can be seen that in the rib cross section of Comparative Example 5, very large pores are gathered near the center of the rib due to the coarse silica raw material having an average particle size of 75 ⁇ . It is known that large pores are formed by using a coarse talc raw material or a silica raw material.However, when the honeycomb is extruded, the coarse raw material gathers near the center of the rib, and as a result, large pores are formed in the rib. It occurs only near the center. In the photograph of the membrane surface of Comparative Example 5, the total area of the pores exposed on the partition wall surface was only 20%. In Comparative Example 5, the pressure loss was not so high, but the trapping efficiency was as low as 80% due to the influence of large pores.
  • Example 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 PET, which is a synthetic resin, is used as a pore-forming agent together with graphite in order to increase the porosity.
  • the porosity increased to 63%.
  • the use of synthetic resin increased the porosity of the honeycomb structure and, at the same time, confirmed the effect of increasing the surface porosity, as can be seen from the upper and lower surfaces of the rib cross section in FIG.
  • the area ratio of the surface pores of Example 1 was as high as 45%, and as a result, as shown in Table 3, the permeability was 4.8 m 2 .
  • the initial pressure loss is 65mm Hg was suppressed at a very low level, and the collection efficiency was as high as 95%.
  • FIG. 5 shows starch (corn starch) as a pore-forming agent.
  • Fabric containing 10% by weight and 20% by weight of graphite Comparative Example 7: Batch 6-2
  • fabric containing 10% by weight of synthetic resin (PET) and 20% by weight of graphite Example 7: Batch Fig. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the weight loss rate (TG) and the calorific value (DTA) of Fig. 12. From Fig.
  • starch when starch is used as a pore-forming agent, starch is thermally decomposed at around 300 ° C to 350 ° C. (Refer to the dotted line of DTA), and the thermal stress causes a break in the firing process.
  • the temperature rises. The calorific value in the area is kept low (See DTA solid line), is possible to generate a cut has been found that there is very little further advantage during the firing process.
  • Figure 6 is a graph showing the relationship between soot placement time and pressure loss.
  • the solid line in FIG. 6 is the result for the honeycomb structure of Example 1
  • the broken line in FIG. 4 is the result for the honeycomb structure of Comparative Example 5.
  • the gas temperature generated by the gas oil gas burner was about 150 ° C, and the gas flow rate was 2.4 Nm 3 / min, and the honeycomb structure of Example 1 and Comparative Example 5 was used. Flowed into the DPF.
  • the honeycomb structure of Example 1 has a large porosity of 63% and a large area ratio of 45%.
  • the honeycomb structure of Comparative Example 5 having a small porosity of 50% and a small area ratio of 20% was used, it can be seen that the pressure loss increased with time.
  • Industrial applicability As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a honeycomb ceramic structure capable of achieving low pressure loss and high collection efficiency, and a method for manufacturing the same.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une structure céramique en nid d'abeille dont la composition chimique en pourcentage pondéral est la suivante: 42 à 56 % de SiO2, 30 à 40 % d'Al2O3 et 12 à 16 % de MgO, et dont la phase de cristal comprend de la cordiérite en tant que phase principale. Cette structure est caractérisée en ce que sa porosité est comprise entre 55 et 65 %, en ce que le diamètre moyen de pores est de l'ordre de 15 à 30 µm, et en ce qu'une zone totale des pores exposés sur la surface des cloisons constituant la structure céramique en nid d'abeille est de 35 % ou davantage par rapport à la surface totale utile des cloisons. L'invention concerne encore un procédé de préparation de cette structure céramique, comprenant les étapes suivantes consistant: à ajouter à des matières premières destinées à une céramique à base de cordiérite, 15 à 25 % en poids de graphite et 5 à 15 % en poids d'une résine synthétique, en tant qu'agents de formation de pores, à pétrir le mélange résultant, à le mettre en forme pour obtenir une structure en nid d'abeille, puis à le sécher et à le cuire. Cette structure céramique en nid d'abeille permet d'obtenir une très grande efficacité de piégeage en même temps qu'une faible perte de pression.
PCT/JP2001/005491 2000-06-30 2001-06-27 Structure ceramique en nid d'abeille et procede de preparation associe Ceased WO2002002479A1 (fr)

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US10/312,140 US6818580B2 (en) 2000-06-30 2001-06-27 Honeycomb ceramics structure body and method for producing the same
AU2001267828A AU2001267828A1 (en) 2000-06-30 2001-06-27 Honeycomb ceramic structure and method for preparation thereof
DE60129815T DE60129815T2 (de) 2000-06-30 2001-06-27 Wabenförmige keramische struktur und verfahren zur herstellung derselben
EP01945623A EP1298112B1 (fr) 2000-06-30 2001-06-27 Structure ceramique en nid d'abeille et procede de preparation associe

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JP2000199801 2000-06-30
JP2000-199801 2000-06-30
JP2001157114 2001-05-25
JP2001-157114 2001-05-25
JP2001187245A JP2003040687A (ja) 2000-06-30 2001-06-20 ハニカムセラミックス構造体とその製造方法
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DE60129815T2 (de) 2008-04-24
US20030166450A1 (en) 2003-09-04
DE60129815D1 (de) 2007-09-20
EP1298112B1 (fr) 2007-08-08
CN1200755C (zh) 2005-05-11
CN1447781A (zh) 2003-10-08
AU2001267828A1 (en) 2002-01-14
JP2003040687A (ja) 2003-02-13
EP1298112A4 (fr) 2005-06-29
US6818580B2 (en) 2004-11-16
EP1298112A1 (fr) 2003-04-02

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