WO2002088498A1 - Method of preventing incompatible blood transfusion and push button keys to be used therein - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of preventing incompatible blood transfusion characterized by key-numbering the bodies of patients with a need for blood transfusion, locking blood bags with keys having respective key-numbers and then unlocking each bag with the key having the corresponding number alone; and push button keys appropriately usable in this method. According to this method, unlocking numbers can be easily changed with the use of a relatively simple structure and mistakes of patients or bloods can be conveniently and less expensively prevented.

Description

 Atypical blood transfusion prevention method and push-button lock used for it

 TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for properly distinguishing a patient from blood in a blood circulation operation, transfusing a correct blood into the patient, and a push-button tablet used for the method.

 More specifically, the blood bag is locked with the lock set to the key number assigned to the patient, and unlocked using the key number assigned to the patient to enable transfusion, thereby collecting blood and the like. The present invention relates to a method for preventing a mistake, and a push-on lock which can be easily used to change an unlocking number. Background art

 In the medical practice, great efforts and efforts are made to ensure that the right patient and the right blood are always linked when performing transfusion work, etc., and prevent patients and blood from being mistaken. Nevertheless, sometimes the mistake of infusing the patient for infusion or blood can occur. Such errors can be fatal to the patient and need immediate improvement. To prevent such errors, more reliable means of confirmation are desired.

As such confirmation means, for example, a method of directly writing an identification number on a blood bag, a method of attaching a seal or the like having an identification number on a blood bag, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-28617, Those who use a specific key described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-7250 Law or a method of utilizing an electronic system (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-72507).

 However, the method of directly writing the identification number on the blood bag or the method of attaching a sticker or the like with the identification number on the blood bag is simple and requires only a small number of medical professionals or nurses (hereinafter simply referred to as “medical professionals”). Incorrectly reading or recording the patient's identification number) has caused many inadvertent mistakes, and the effect of preventing the above-mentioned errors cannot be expected very much.

 At present, the method using electronic systems is too expensive and difficult to introduce in hospitals.

 The method of using a specific key is, for example, a method of locking a container for transfusion and blood transfusion bags and pharmaceuticals, entering a unique number such as a patient's chart number into the lock, and unlocking it before use. However, there is a problem that the work is complicated and the operability is poor, so it cannot be said that it is a simple and easy method.

 By the way, as a key widely used for bicycles, houses, etc., a plurality of push buttons are provided on the lock body, and a push button lock which is mechanically unlocked by pressing an unlock number is provided. is there. These push-button locks use different shapes inside the lock for the unlocking number button and the other unlocking buttons, and by properly pressing the predetermined unlocking number combination, the lever The unlocking member becomes operable and unlocking is performed.

 If such a push-button lock can be used for the method using the above-mentioned specific key, there is a possibility that the error and mistake can be prevented easily and easily.

However, in these push-button locks, the unlocking number is determined by the lock. Many cannot be changed. There is also a variable number type, but it is necessary to disassemble the lock once and change the internal buttons and other parts, and it cannot be said that the unlocking number can be easily changed. .

 As described above, it is difficult to change the unlocking number, and use a number that matches the patient as the unlocking number, such as the above chart numbers, and then change the unlocking number as appropriate. It is difficult to use such a push-button lock because it cannot be used for another patient.

 Also, since the purpose of using this lock is to prevent so-called inadvertent mistakes in medical practice, the required level of lock structure must be relatively simple. Disclosure of the invention

 An object of the present invention is to provide a simple and inexpensive method for preventing atypical blood transfusion that can eliminate mistakes between patients and blood.

 Another object of the present invention is to provide a push-button tablet which has a relatively simple structure and can easily change the unlocking number, which is suitably used in the method for preventing atypical blood transfusion. A further object of the present invention is to provide a simple and inexpensive method for preventing atypical blood transfusion using a push button tablet which has a relatively simple structure and can easily change the unlocking number.

In other words, the first invention of the present application provides a patient with a blood transfusion with a key number, and locks the blood bag with a lock set with a punch card (combination change member) having the key number, thereby providing the patient with a key. Unlocking the lock only using the attached key number, A method for preventing atypical blood transfusion characterized in that blood transfusion from a bag to a patient is enabled.

 As a result, it is possible to eliminate mistakes between patients and blood during blood transfusion. In addition, since a punch card (combination changing member) is used, an inexpensive system that can be introduced even in a hospital can be provided.

 The second invention of the present application provides the method of preventing atypical blood transfusion according to the first invention of the present application, wherein the key number is a number associated with a patient's chart. A third invention of the present application provides the method of preventing atypical blood transfusion according to the first invention of the present application, wherein the key number is attached to a band-shaped ring fitted to a wrist or an ankle of a patient.

 The fourth invention of the present application is a push-button lock which is unlocked by selecting and pressing a predetermined combination of push-buttons 23a. A combination changing member 6 formed in a predetermined shape is provided inside the lock, and by replacing the combination changing member 6, it is possible to change the combination of the push button 23a for unlocking. A push-button tablet for use in the method for preventing atypical blood transfusion according to any one of the first to third inventions of the present application.

 In the method for preventing atypical blood transfusion, by using the replaceable combination changing member 6, it is possible to obtain a push button lock whose unlocking number can be easily changed.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the fourth aspect of the present invention, the combination changing member 6 is a card in which holes 6 a and 6 b for changing the combination of the push button 23 a are perforated. Provide tablets. In the atypical transfusion prevention method, the combination changing member 6 is a card, so that the holes 6a and 6b for changing the combination can be easily formed, and the combination changing operation can be easily performed. At the same time, it can be easily replaced with a lock.

 The sixth invention of the present application comprises a base portion 1 and a lock portion 2 having one end connected to be opened and closed by a hinge 3, and a card 6 having a lock hole 6a and a button hole 6b,

The lock portion 2 protrudes from below the card insertion space 24 and the card insertion space 24, and is inserted upward from below into the lock hole 6 a of the card 6 to lock the card 6. 5b, and a plurality of unlocking buttons 23a provided pressably above the card insertion space 24, and these unlocking buttons 23a are pressed to the card 6 by being pressed down. The lock hole 6a of the card 6 is inserted into the lock hole 6a or the button hole 6b provided, and the card 6 is locked by receiving the lock portion 25b. It is fixed so that it cannot be moved with respect to the part 25b, and the card 6 can be moved with respect to the unlocking button 23a while receiving the unlocking button 23a because it is larger than the unlocking button 23a. The button hole 6b of the card 6 is provided with the lock portion 25b. The card 6 cannot be inserted, and the card 6 is immovably fixed with respect to the unlocking button 23a by receiving the unlocking button 23a, and the unlocking button 23a is pushed down. The lock portion 25b can be retracted from the lock hole 6a of the card 6, and is inserted into the lock hole 6a. At least one of the base portion 1 and the lock portion 2 is provided. One has a closed base 1 and An object locking portion 12 for locking the locking object 4 is provided between the locking portion 2 and the locking portion 2. The base portion 1 is inserted into the locking portion 2 and is provided with a locking portion 25 b or an unlocking button 2. The fixing part 13 for maintaining the base part 1 and the lock part 2 in a closed state by engaging with the card 6 fixed by 3a is provided. A push-button tablet for use in the method for preventing atypical blood transfusion according to any one of the first to third inventions.

 In other words, the relationship between the lock hole 6a of the card 6 and the lock portion 25b can be unlocked by operating the unlock button 23a, so that the structure is simple. Further, the object to be locked 4 can be securely held by the object locking portion 12.

 In a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the sixth aspect of the present invention, the lock portion 2 includes a reset operation portion 23 b and a stopper 23 n connected so as to move together with the reset operation portion 23 b. The unlocking button 23a is always urged upward by the button spring 23e.

 As described above, the stopper 23 n is maintained by contacting with the unlocking button 23 a which is pushed down and inserted into the locking hole 6 a of the card 6, and the stopper 23 n is released. By moving it and releasing the contact with the unlocking button 23a, the unlocking pin 23a is pushed up by the urging of the button spring 23e, and the locking hole 6a of the card 6 is released. An unlocking button 23 a is released from the opening, thereby providing a pushing button lock which is characterized in that the force 6 can be taken out from the force input space 24.

Thus, in the method for preventing atypical blood transfusion, it is possible to obtain a push-button lock in which the unlocking number can be easily changed by replacing the card 6. The eighth invention of the present application provides a blood bag with a push-button tablet according to any one of the fourth to seventh inventions, wherein a key number is assigned to a patient who requires blood transfusion, and the punch bag is set with a punch card having the key number. The present invention provides a method for preventing atypical blood transfusion, characterized in that the lock is unlocked only by using the key number assigned to the patient to enable blood transfusion from the blood bag to the patient. Here, "the patient is given a key number" means that the key number may be given directly to the body, or the key number may be given to the band-shaped ring such as a wristband and the body may be given. The correspondence between the patient and the key number may be clarified and added.

 Preferably, the key number is a number associated with the patient's chart, and preferably the key number is affixed to a band on the patient's wrist or ankle.

 As a result, a simpler and less expensive method for preventing atypical blood transfusion can be provided by using a push-button lock that can easily change the unlocking number with a relatively simple structure, and eliminates mistakes between patients and blood during blood transfusion. be able to. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

 FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a different example_ (push button lock) of a suitable lock used in the first to third inventions of the present application.

 FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a base portion of the push button lock used in the first to third inventions of the present application.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a main part showing a base of the push button lock used in the first to third inventions of the present application, and FIG. 3 (A) shows a state before force input, and FIG. ) Indicates that the card is inserted. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a lock spring of the push button lock used in the first to third inventions of the present application.

 FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the structure of the slide member of the push button lock used in the first to third inventions of the present application.

 FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a locking procedure of the push button lock used in the first to third inventions of the present application.

 FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a locking procedure of the push button lock used in the first to third inventions of the present application.

 FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a locking procedure of the push button lock used in the first to third inventions of the present application.

 FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a procedure for unlocking the push button lock used in the first to third inventions of the present application.

 FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a procedure for unlocking the push button lock used in the first to third inventions of the present application.

 Fig. 11 (A) is an enlarged sectional view of a main part showing the relationship between the unlocking button of the push-button lock used in the first to third inventions of the present application and the card. FIG. 11 (B) is an enlarged sectional view of a main part showing the relationship between the unlocking button of the push button lock used in the first to third inventions of the present application and the lock panel.

 Fig. 12 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part showing the relationship between the unlocking button and the card of the push button lock used in the first to third inventions of the present application, with the upper side viewed from the side and the lower side viewed from the bottom. It is a figure.

FIG. 13 is an example of a key number sheet used in the present invention. FIG. 14 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a suitable lock used in the first to third inventions of the present application.

 FIG. 15 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which an example of a suitable tablet used in the first to third inventions of the present application is attached to a blood bag. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

 First, embodiments of the atypical blood transfusion prevention method according to the first to third aspects of the present invention will be described below in which the combination changing member used for the lock is a punch card. The methods for preventing atypical blood transfusion of the first to third inventions of the present application are not limited to the embodiments. The atypical blood transfusion prevention method of the first to third inventions of the present application is to attach a key number to the body of a patient who needs transfusion, and break the blood bag with a lock set with a punch card having the key number. A method for preventing atypical blood transfusion, characterized in that the lock is opened only by using the key number assigned to the patient and blood transfusion from the blood bag to the patient is enabled.

 First, a key number corresponding to a patient who needs blood transfusion is set, and thereafter, management is performed using the key number until the blood transfusion is completed. The key number may be set by a number or a symbol, and may be set by combining the number and the symbol.

 The key number can be the number of the patient's chart or a number associated with it.

 Preferably, the key number is fixed to the patient's body. The fixing method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a fixing method using a band-shaped ring such as an ankle band (ankle band) and a wrist band.

Next, the punch card corresponding to the key number is attached to a lock to set a keyhole, and the lock is set. Is attached to the blood bag and locked. Locking does not stop the blood outlet of the blood bag by pressing it mechanically. The blood outlet of the blood bag can be left as it is (do not press), and the blood can be taken out. Ensure that they cannot be removed from the blood bag, and that the lock can be removed from the blood bag when unlocked.

 By locking in this way, mistakes caused by patients and blood being mixed can be eliminated, and blood can be transfused while locked even in an emergency.

 After attaching the tablet to the blood bag, the punch card cannot be seen from the outside of the tablet and the key number cannot be read.

 When the blood bag locked with the key is released, the medical staff reads the key number attached to the patient's body, for example, and operates the lock using the key number.

 If the key number for operating the lock matches the keyhole previously set with the key number, the key can be unlocked.

 The tablet used in the present invention is preferably one that can be removed from the blood bag after opening. By removing the lock from the blood bag, not only the medical staff who has performed the unlocking operation but also other medical staffs can easily confirm that there is no mistake between the patient and the blood.

 If the lock is not opened by the above operation, the keyhole set in advance by the key number and the key number that the medical staff operated the lock do not match, and the lock is attached to the blood bag. The medical staff will not be able to transfuse the patient except in the case of an emergency, which will be described later.

On the other hand, if the lock is mechanically broken for some reason, the punch card is set incorrectly. If the lock cannot be opened due to a blood transfusion, or if the patient needs urgent blood transfusion in an emergency, etc., a lock is attached to the blood bag if the medical staff can confirm that there is no mistake in the blood or the patient. Blood can be transfused as it is. In addition, since the blood bag remains locked, it can be checked during blood transfusion and at the time of Z or post-transfusion, ensuring that there is no mistake between the blood and the patient.

 Through the above series of operations, it is possible to eliminate mistakes caused by mixing patients and blood. In addition, blood can be transfused in a locked state in an emergency or the like, and flexible measures can be taken.

 Preferable punch cards used in the first to third inventions of the present application include a punch card in which one character of the key number is displayed on and off at the position of one punch hole. In such a case, the cognitive ability of the medical staff and the like can be increased, and errors caused by a wrong patient or blood can be eliminated.

The key used in the first to third inventions of the present application is not particularly limited, but as a suitable lock, 1) two rows of through-holes in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, which coincide with the insertion pin and the hole of the punch card, are used. A force storage unit formed by a perforated lower plate and an upper plate formed with a similar through-hole, and forming a space for accommodating a punch card between the upper plate and the lower plate; and a card. The key number matches the insertion pin that has an insertion pin that is mounted vertically to the storage section, and a lever operation section that has a lever below the insertion pin that moves the insertion pin in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the bottom plate. Then, a penetrating pin penetrates the card storage part, and the card storage part is unlocked by being pushed down (bottom plate side), and 2) a push button according to the fourth to seventh inventions of the present invention described later. Tablets and the like can be used. If the lock has such a structure, the key number can be obtained with a simple and inexpensive device. It can be reliably recognized, eliminates mistakes caused by patients and blood mistakes, and can be introduced at hospitals.

 The first to third inventions of the present application are methods for preventing atypical blood transfusion.However, as a method for preventing medication errors, if an external bag is used and a tablet is attached, it is possible to prevent erroneous administration of other drugs and prevent medication errors. It can also be used.

 Preferred embodiments of the first to third inventions of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

 FIG. 13 is an example of a key number sheet used in the present invention.

 Create an adhesive key number label and a key number punch card with a predetermined key number for each patient who needs transfusion. These are preferably created in advance as one key number sheet as shown in FIG. 13 as a key number sheet. The punch force shown in Fig. 13 displays one character of the key number at the position of the punch hole, and two spaces are provided for each number, and 1, 2, 3, 3, ... The numbers 9,0 are assigned. Hole positions are provided in the upper and lower rows of the key number punch card, and the whole is in two rows and ten columns.

 The key number is set so that one of 1, 2, 3, * · · 9, 0 is “ON” and one of them is “OFF”, and as shown in Fig. 13, 1, 3, 4,, Create a punch card with a hole in the upper row when 6, 8, 0 is set to “ON”, and a hole in the lower row when 2, 5, 7, 7 and 9 are set to “OFF”. I just need.

If blood transfusion is required for the patient, medical staff, etc. set a key number, enter the prescribed items on the blood dispensing slip, issue a ticket, and make sure that the key number on the key number sheet matches the number on the dispensing slip. And attach the key number sheet with the slip. Spell. Next, the key number label is attached to the patient's chart, blood dispensing slip, and the patient's body (wristband), and the key number sheet is sent to the blood management department along with the blood dispensing slip.

 The blood management department prepares a blood bag containing blood of a specific blood type based on the slip. A sample is collected from the blood and tested for blood type. After confirming that the blood in the blood bag is of the specified type, a key number label is also attached to the test sheet. Subsequently, the key number punch card is taken out from the key number sheet spelled out on the slip, inserted into the lock of the key described later, fixed to the blood bag, and locked. This blood bag is delivered to the patient.

 The medical staff reads the number on the label attached to the patient's wristband, and sets the number on the lock locked on the blood bag.

 When the key number of the punch card set in advance as the pre-failure matches the set number, the locked lock is opened and the lock is removed from the blood bag. The medical staff transfuses the patient, returns the used tablets, and ends the transfusion work.

 In the above series of operations, if the lock does not open, for example, if the numbers do not match and the lock does not open, there is a high possibility that the blood or patient will be mistaken, so the medical professional etc. Stop the transfusion work, read the key number again, and perform the same operation.

On the other hand, in the event that the lock mechanically breaks down for some reason, or in the case of an emergency where urgent transfusion is necessary for the patient, the medical staff etc. After confirming that there is no mistake between the blood type and the patient from the copy of the blood dispensing slip, the outlet of the blood bag that has protruded from the upper part of the tablet can be opened with a brute force, etc., and transfused. In this case, note that the blood bag remains attached to the blood bag, so there is no difference between the blood and the patient during transfusion and Z or afterwards. After completion of the transfusion, medical staff and others report to the blood management department that the blood bag has not been unlocked, but that there has been no mistake between the blood and the patient, and terminate the transfusion work. A key number predetermined for one patient who needs a blood transfusion may be created each time a blood transfusion is performed. However, the work of creating a punch force with the key number is complicated. Or, from the viewpoint of the possibility of mistake in the key number, etc., the key number is preferably a number associated with the chart of a patient who needs blood transfusion.

 Preferred keys (1) and 2)) used in the atypical blood transfusion prevention methods of the first to third inventions of the present application will be described below.

 An example of a suitable tablet (the tablet described in (1) above) used in the embodiment of the method for preventing atypical blood transfusion according to the first to third aspects of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 14 and 15.

 FIG. 14 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a suitable tablet used in the first to third inventions of the present application, and FIG. 15 is an example of a suitable tablet used in the first to third inventions of the present invention attached to a blood bag. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state. It should be noted that the actual lock is configured so that the inside cannot be seen.

In FIG. 14, reference numeral 201 denotes a lock, reference numeral 210 denotes a holder, reference numeral 211 denotes an upper support rod, reference numeral 211 denotes an engagement groove, reference numerals 211 and 214 denote lower support rods (locking pins). , 2 15 is a connection part (hinge), 220 is a card storage part, 221 is an upper plate, 221 is a lower plate, 223 is a force insertion space, 224 is a rear plate, 2 25 and 2 2 6 are handles, 2 3 0 are through holes, 2 5 0 is a main body, 2 5 1 is a top plate, 2 5 2 is a bottom plate, 2 5 3 is a side plate, 2 5 4 And 255 are columns, 255 and 260 are coil panels, 255, 260 and 261 are support holes, 255 is an upper back plate, 26 2 is a lower back plate, 27 0 is a through pin and 280 is a movable hole. In FIG. 15, 100 is a blood bag, 101 is a blood storage part, 102 is a hanging part, 103 and 104 are hanging holes, 105 is a blood outlet and 1 1 Reference numeral 0 denotes a punch card, and the same reference numerals as those used in FIG. 14 indicate the same members.

 As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the lock 201 includes a holder 210, a force storage unit 220, and a main body 250. One end of each of the holder 210 and the main body 250 is rotatably connected to each other by a connecting portion 215, so that the two 211 and 250 can be opened and closed.

 As shown in FIG. 15, the bag suspending portion 102 provided above the blood storing portion 101 of the blood bag 100 has two holes 103 for suspending the blood bag on the table. It is composed of a holding part having 104 and a blood outlet 105 from which the blood outlet protrudes. The lock 201 is inserted into the holes 103, 104 of the blood bag 100 through the lower support rods 2, 13 and 14 described later, and a holder is provided on the back side of the blood bag 100. The main body 250 is located in front of the blood bag. Hereinafter, the direction in which the blood bag 100 is suspended will be described as a vertical (evening) direction, and the longitudinal direction of the tablet will be described as a horizontal (horizontal) direction. In addition, the side where the connecting portion 215 of FIG. 14 is formed (the left side of the paper) is the start end, and the opposite side (the right side) is the end.

The holder 210 has an engaging groove 2 12 at the upper part in the vertical direction and substantially at the center in the longitudinal direction, which engages with the back plate 2 24 of the force storage unit 220 described later. The upper support passed through the support hole 258 formed in the upper back plate 259 of the main body 250 The rod 211 is provided in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction with respect to the holder 210. The holder 210 has a lower part in the vertical direction and a substantially central part in the longitudinal direction, and a through hole 26 0, 26 1 formed in the lower back plate 26 2 of the main body 250. The lower support rods 2 13, 2 14 that pass through the hanging holes 10 3, 10 4 of the blood bag 100 and fix the lock to the bag 100 face the right angle in the horizontal direction. Two are provided. _

 As shown in FIG. 14, the holder 210 is hingedly connected to the main body 250 by a connection part 215 formed at the lower part of the longitudinal start end. The card storage section 220 has 10 rows of holes in the longitudinal direction corresponding to the holes of the through pins 27 0 and the punch card 110, and 2 rows of holes 230 in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. A lower plate 2 2 2 and an upper plate 2 2 1 having a similar through hole 2 30 formed therein, and a card insertion space for storing a card between the lower plate 2 2 2 and the upper plate 2 2 1. 2 2 3 is formed. Also, on the blood bag side of the upper plate 2 21, the rear plate 2 2 4 is engaged with the engaging groove 2 1 2 provided in the upper support rod 2 1 1 of the holder 210. The card storage section 220 is located on the bottom plate 252 side (downward) against the coil springs 25 6 and 25 7 at the longitudinal start and end of the upper plate 22 1. Flat convex handles 2 25 and 2 26 that are narrower than the upper plate and that serve as handles for movement are provided.

The main body 2.50 is a cylindrical body having a rectangular parallelepiped cross section and extending in the longitudinal direction. The top plate 25 1 and the bottom plate 25 2 are connected by one side by a side plate 25 3, and the other is opened. At the lower part, a lever operating part (not shown) of a through pin 270 fixed to the bottom plate 252 ′ is provided. Also, the main body 250 has a card storage portion 220 that is in contact with the top plate 251 but is not fixed, and supports the top plate 251 and the bottom plate 252. 25 4 and 25 5 are provided near both ends in the longitudinal direction of the bottom plate 25 2, one end is fixed to the bottom plate 25 2, and the other end is inserted through the force storage unit 220. And fixed to the top plate 25 1. Attach the coil panels 25 6 and 25 7 concentrically with the supports 25 4 and 25 5 between the card storage section 220 and the bottom plate 25 2, and place the card storage section 220 on the top plate side. Energize.

 Also, preferably, the start and end in the longitudinal direction are opened to substantially the center of the pillars 254, 255 to allow the card storage unit to move up and down.

 The upper plate 2 51 has a circular support hole 2 that engages with the upper support rod 2 1 1 of the holder 1 210 along the longitudinal direction of the upper plate 2 An upper back plate 259 formed with 580 is provided. The bottom plate 252 has a movable hole 280 of a through pin 270 formed in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the bottom plate 252 to form a lever operating portion of the through pin. In addition, the bottom plate 25 2 has a circular support hole 2 60 which engages with the lower support rods 2 13 and 2 14 of the holder 210 along the longitudinal direction on the holder side in the longitudinal direction. , 261, and a lower rear plate 262 is provided. The lower rear plate 262 and the connecting portion 215 of the holder 210 are connected by a hinge. On the bottom plate 2 52, a through pin 2 70 that can be inserted into the insertion hole 2 30 of the card storage 2 220 is attached vertically to the card storage 2 2 0 and the bottom plate 2 52. The insertion pin 270 is provided with a nozzle below the communication pin for moving the communication pin in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the bottom plate 252.

 In the above example, the lock 201 is manufactured such that the longitudinal direction of the substrate is 10 cm, the perpendicular direction to the longitudinal direction is 2 cm, and the τΚ flat direction is 1.5 cm.

The operation of the lock shown in FIG. 14 will be described. The key number punch card 1 10 is stored in the card storage section 220 and a keyhole is set. The medical staff reads the key number label number of the patient, moves the insertion pin 270 in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the bottom plate 252 with the lever of the penetration pin, and sets the key number.

 In the state where the lever operation is performed correctly and the lock is opened, the penetrating pin 270 is passed through the penetrating hole 230 and the punch force pad 110, and the handle 2 25, 2 26 is connected. By pressing the springs 256 and 257 by hand, the force storage section 220 can be moved to the bottom plate 25 2 side, and the upper plate 2 2 of the card storage section 220 can be moved. The back plate 2 2 4 provided on 1 is pushed down to the bottom plate side, disengages from the engaging groove 2 1 2 of the upper support rod 2 1 1 provided on the holder 210, and the lock 201 opens. .

 In the locked state, the springs 25 6, 25 7 urge the bottom plate 25 2 of the main body and the force storage section 220, and the communication pin 27 0 0 and cannot pass through the through hole 2 3 0, so the force storage unit 2 2 0 cannot be moved to the bottom plate side, the back plate 2 2 4 and the engagement groove 2 1 2 remains engaged and lock 201 cannot be removed.

Another example of a suitable tablet used in the embodiment of the method for preventing atypical blood transfusion of the first to third inventions of the present application (the above 2) The tablets of the fourth to seventh inventions of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. . FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing another example (push button lock) of a suitable lock used in the first to third inventions of the present application, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a base 咅 15 of the push button lock used in the first to third inventions of the present application. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a main part showing a base portion of the push button lock used in the first to third inventions of the present application, and FIG. 3 (A) shows a state before inserting a card. (B) shows a state in which the card is inserted. Figure 4 is used in the first to third inventions of the present application. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a hook spring of the push button lock, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a structure of a slide member of the push button lock used in the first to third inventions of the present application. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a locking procedure of the push button lock used in the first to third inventions of the present application, and FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a locking procedure of the push button lock used in the first to third inventions of the present application. FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a procedure for locking the push-button lock used in the first to third inventions of the present application, and FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a procedure for unlocking the push-button lock used in the first to third inventions of the present application. FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a procedure for unlocking the push-button lock used in the first to third inventions of the present application. Fig. 11 (A) is an enlarged sectional view of the main part showing the relationship between the unlocking button and the card of the push button lock used in the first to third inventions of the present application, with the top view from the side and the bottom view from the bottom. FIG. 11 (B) is an enlarged sectional view of a main part showing the relationship between the unlocking button of the push button lock used in the first to third inventions of the present application and the lock panel. Fig. 12 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part showing the relationship between the unlocking button of the push button lock used in the first to third inventions of the present application and the card, with the top view from the side and the bottom view from the bottom. FIG.

1 to 12, the same reference numerals represent the same members. In Figs. 1 to 12, 1 is a base, 2 is a lock, 3 is a hinge, 4 is an infusion bag and a transfusion bag, an object to be locked, 5 is a locking space, 6 is a combination changing member, and a card. , 6a is a hole for changing the combination, a hole for locking, 6b is a hole for changing the combination, a hole for the button, 6c is a cutout, 11 and 21 are pin mounting parts, and 12 is an object lock. Part, locking pin, 13 is fixed part, giposi, 13a is neck, 22 is panel receiving part, 23 is key body, 23a is push button, unlock button, 23b is reset operation Part, reset button, 23 c is opening for unlocking button, 23 d is opening for reset button, 23 e is pop panel, 23 f is tip, 23 g is protrusion, 23 h Is the slide member, 2 3 i is Joint, 23 j is stopper-spring mounting part, 23 k is body sliding part, 23 1 is stopper-sliding part, 23 m is stopper panel, 23 η is stopper, and 230 is stopper panel mounting part , 23 ρ is a branch, 23 q is a through hole, 24 is a force insertion space, 25 is a lock spring, 25 a is a base, 25 b is a lock, a spring, and a 26 kick spring is 26 a is a card contact portion, 26 b is a rotation preventing portion, and 31 is a pin.

 In the description of this example, the terms "left and right" and "front" are arranged such that the base part is on the lower side and the 鲑 part is on the upper side, and the card entrance is on the near side. It is in the state where it was done.

 In this example, the push-button lock for use in the medical field for the above purpose is described. However, the present invention is not limited to this shape and application, and various shapes (Nanjing salmon) can be used. , Chain locks, horseshoe locks, bar locks, etc.) and various applications (medical use, home use, bicycle use, etc.).

 Further, in this example, the combination changing member is in the form of a card, but the embodiment is not limited to this. For example, a rod-shaped member having a notch may be used. Can be changed.

The components of this lock are roughly divided into a lower base portion 1 and a lock portion 2 that covers the lower base portion 1. One end (the left end in this example) of each is rotatably connected by a hinge 3. As a result, both 1 and 2 can be opened and closed. In this example, the structure of the hinge 3 is provided on the base portion 1 and the lock portion 2, respectively, and is formed by passing one pin 31 through the pin mounting portions 11 and 21 having holes. However, the structure is not limited to this, and various other structures may be adopted. Also base A locking space 5 is provided between the part 1 and the lock part 2 for locking the object 4 (bag in this example).

 The base portion 1 is a flat plate having a substantially rectangular shape in a plan view, and one short side (in this example, the left end side) has a hinge 3 for connecting to the lock portion 2 as described above. The pin mounting portion 11 is formed.

 Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a locking pin 12 for locking the object 4 (the bag in this example) is provided. The locking pins 12 protrude from the base 1 toward the locking space 5. The tip of the locking pin 12 is engaged with a pin engaging hole (not shown) provided on the bottom surface of the spring receiving portion 22 of the lock portion 2. Therefore, when the object 4 is locked to the locking pin 12 and locked, there is no gap between the spring receiving portion 22 and the locking pin 12. Is held without coming off. Also, a giposi 13 is provided at a predetermined position on the back side. This is a constricted cylindrical body (cylindrical in this example) in the middle, and a part of the fixed card 6 (notch 6 c in this example) ) Is locked to lock. In this example, the number of the locking pins 12 is two and the number of the giposi 13 is one.However, the number of each part is not limited to these. Further, the structure may be such that the object 4 can be locked to the giposi 13 so that the locking pin 12 and the giposi 13 may be used. Further, contrary to the above example, the locking pin 12 may be provided in the lock portion 2 and the pin engagement hole may be provided in the base portion 1. As shown in FIG. 1, the lock portion 2 has a card insertion space 24 formed by a spring receiving portion 22 and a lock body 23.

As shown in FIG. 3, the mouthpiece spring 25 and the kick spring 26 are attached to the panel receiving portion 22. Each is provided.

 The lock panel 25 protrudes toward the card insertion space 24 (in this example, protrudes upward from the bottom), and locks the perforated card 6 inserted into the force input space 24. This is a means for fixing the card 6 in the force input space 24 by penetrating the hole 6a. In this example, as shown in FIG. 4, the lock spring 25 is formed by processing a thin metal plate, and has a base 25 a extending in the left-right direction and a direction perpendicular to the base 25 a. And a spring portion 25b that has a predetermined number of branches and has an interval corresponding to the unlocking button 23a. The base portion 25a is fixed so as to be embedded in the spring receiving portion 22. The panel portion 25b is held in a floating state with respect to the spring receiving portion 22. In the case of this example, six lock panel parts 25 b are provided at one place of one lock spring 25, and two lock panel parts 25 are used for one lock.

 On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, a predetermined number of kick springs 26 are provided at the innermost portion of the spring receiving portion 22 (in this example, two locations on the left and right). The kick panel 26 is provided with a card contact portion 26a and a detent portion 26b at both ends of the coil panel, and the card contact portion 26a is inserted into the card insertion space 24. It touches a part of force 6 (in this example, one side on the back side), and constantly biases card 6 toward the front of card insertion space 24 due to its nature.

 The lock body 23 is provided with a pin mounting portion 21 on one short side (the left end side in this example), and is turned by the pin 31 with respect to the pin mounting portion 11 of the base portion i. The hinge 3 is movably connected.

The lock body 23 has an unlocking button 23a and a reset button 23b, Each attached part is provided.

 Each of the buttons 23a, 23b is provided so as to protrude from the inside of the lock body 23 to the outside, and the buttons 23a, 23b are provided on the lock body 23 in a predetermined direction. Openings 23 c and 23 d for each button are provided so as to be movable. In this example, since the unlocking button 23a moves in the vertical direction, the opening 23c for the unlocking button is a hole that is slightly larger than the unlocking button 23a. Since b moves in the left-right direction, the reset button opening 23 d is a hole having a size that allows this movement.

 When the unlocking button 23a is pressed, as shown in FIG. 11B, the tip 23f of the unlocking button 23a moves from the spring receiving portion 22 to the force input space. The spring portion 25b of the lock panel 25 protruding toward 24 is pushed down to a position lower than the card 6, and the card 6 can be moved forward. A predetermined number of unlocking buttons 23a are arranged in parallel with the lock body 23, but in this example, a total of 12 unlocking buttons A, B, 1 to 9, and 0 are provided. Six pieces are arranged in two rows. Note that the arrangement of the unlocking button 23a is not limited to this, and it is possible to carry out various modifications. The unlocking button 23a is, as shown in FIG. Is constantly biased upward.

In this example, the shape of the unlocking button 23a is a tubular body having a rectangular cross section, as shown in FIG. The tip 23 of the unlocking button 23a has a reduced cylindrical shape (cylindrical in this example) and has a lock hole for the card 6 inserted into the card insertion space 24. 6a and the button hole 6b can be penetrated respectively. Then, on one side (the right side in this example) of the unlocking button 23a, Protrusions 23g are provided which are hooked on stoppers 23n to be described later and hold the unlocking button 23a pressed down against upward bias by the pot spring 23e. .

 Note that the shape and structure of the unlocking button 23a are not limited to those of the present embodiment, and apart from the unlocking button 23a, the locking hole 6a and the button hole 6 of the force 6 are provided. A component for penetrating b may be provided at, for example, a lower part of the unlock button, and the component may be operated by pressing the unlock button 23a. Instead of the shape of the projection 23 g, a notch may be provided on the side surface of the unlocking button 23 a to engage the stopper 23 n. Further, the distal end portion 23 of the unlocking button 23a may have a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape in parallel as shown in FIG. In addition, various shapes and structures of each part can be changed.

 Further, the lock body 23 is provided with a reset button 23b for pushing up the unlocking button 23a after being pressed and returning it to the original state.

The mechanism of the reset button 23b will be described. As shown in Fig. 5 (only a part of each component is shown for the sake of explanation). The reset button 23b is connected to a slide member 23h arranged in the left-right direction. I have. The slide member 23 h is composed of a joint 23 i, a stopper spring mounting portion 23 j, a main body slide portion 23 k, and a stopper-slide portion 231, and in this example, a slender elongated in the left-right direction. It is a member. The joint 23 i is a part to which the reset button 23 b is attached. Further, the main body sliding portion 23 k is a portion slidably attached to the lock main body 23, and is a long hole extending in the left-right direction in this example. The stopper slide part 2 3 1 is provided so that the stopper 2 3 n can slide. In this example, it is a long hole extending in the left-right direction.

 The stopper 2 3 n attached to the stopper member 2 3 1 of the slide member 2 3 h so as to be slidable is always reset by the stopper spring 23 m The side of the button 23 b (to the left in this example) Has been energized. In the case of this example, the stopper panel 23 m has at both ends the stopper spring mounting portion 23 j of the slide member 23 h and the portion hooked to the stopper spring mounting portion 23 o of the stopper 23 n. It has a coil spring.

 The stopper 23 n branches off at a predetermined angle with respect to the stopper spring mounting part 23 o to which the stopper spring 23 m is attached and the slide member 23 h (in this example, both sides), and the unlocking button is opened. It is composed of a branch portion 23p that urges 23a from one side (the right side in this example), and slides by being fitted to the stopper slide portion 231. In the case of the present example, one stopper 23 n is provided for each of two unlocking buttons arranged in the depth direction. Since the unlocking buttons 23a adjacent to each other in the left-right direction are close to each other, the stoppers 23n are also close to each other. Therefore, since the stopper spring mounting portion 23 j of the slide member 23 h and the stopper 23 n interfere with each other in position, a through hole 23 q is provided at a substantially central portion of the stopper 23 η. The stopper panel mounting part 2 3 j is passed through.

When the unlock button 23a is pressed, the projection 23g of the break button 23a enters the position below the stopper 23η. At the same time, the stopper 23 η moves to the reset button 23 b side (left side in this example) by the urging of the stopper spring 23 m, because there is no protrusion 23 g. Therefore, the branch 23 p of the stopper 23 n is positioned above the projection 23 g. 23a keeps the button panel 23e pressed down against the upward bias.

 When the reset button 23 b is operated (in this example, slide to the right), the stopper 23 n moves in the same direction by being pressed by the slide member 23 h that moves together with the reset button 23 b. I do. As a result, the projection 23g of the unlocking button 23a is disengaged from the branch 23p of the stopper 23n. Then, the unlocking button 23a returns to the original position by the urging of the button spring 23e.

 A reset spring (not shown) is provided between the slide member 23 h and the lock body 23, whereby the slide member 23 h is constantly biased in the direction of the reset button 23 b. ing. Therefore, after operating the reset button 23b, each component such as the slide member 23h and the reset button 23a returns to the original position.

 The card 6 is a card in which a specific unlocking number is set, which is inserted into the card insertion space 24, and as shown in FIG. 8, a lock hole 6a is provided in a portion corresponding to the unlocking number. The part that does not correspond to the unlocking number is provided with a button hole 6b.

The lock hole 6a is a hole having a size penetrating the spring portion 25b of the lock panel 25 protruding from the spring receiving portion 22 of the card insertion space 24, and the unlocking button 23a. As shown on the left side of Fig. 11 (A), when the key is pressed, the tip 23 f penetrates the hole, and the length in the depth direction is such that the card 6 can move the distance A in that state. With In the present example, it is a “dharma” -shaped hole in a plan view in which a portion through which the panel portion 25 b of the lock panel 25 penetrates and a portion through which the tip 23 f of the unlocking button 23 a penetrates. On the other hand, the button hole 6 b is the tip of the unlock button 2 3 a The hole is slightly larger than the part 23 ί (in this example, circular in plan view), and as shown on the right side of FIG. 11 (よ う), the tip part 23 f can penetrate the hole. However, the spring portion 25b of the lock spring 25 cannot penetrate the button hole 6b. So, for lock? When only the unlock button 23a, which is a combination corresponding to L6a, is pressed, the panel portion 25b of the lock spring 25 is pressed and the card 6 is pressed, as shown in FIG. 11B. The card 6 can be slid, the engagement between the card 6 and the giposi 13 is released, and the card can be unlocked. Note that the shapes of the locking hole 6a and the button hole 6b are not limited to those of the present example, and for example, as shown in FIG. It may be adapted to the tip 23a of 3a, and can be implemented in various shapes. Further, as for the lock hole 6a and the button hole 6b, the portion for receiving the tip 23f of the unlocking button 23a does not necessarily need to be a through hole, and may be a concave portion.

 As shown in FIG. 8, a notch 6c for engaging with the giposi 13 is provided at a predetermined portion on the back side of the force 6, and in this example, a substantially semicircular notch is provided. ing. This shape is not limited to this, and can be implemented in various shapes. Of course, the notch itself may not be provided, and the notch 13 may be engaged with the giposi 13, or may be engaged on the side surface of the force 6.

 Here, the push-button locks according to the present invention can be summarized as follows. The push-button locks according to the fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh inventions of the present application have one end rotatable by the hinge 3. Consisting of a base part 1 and a lock part 2

The base portion 1 includes a locking pin 12 for locking a part of the locking target 4 and a cylindrical body having a narrowed middle portion, and a neck portion which is a narrowed portion. On the 13a, the lock 13 is locked by locking the fixed card 6 and the giposi 13 protrude, respectively.

 The lock part 2 includes a card insertion space 24, a lock panel 25b that projects into the card insertion space 24, and penetrates a partially perforated card 6, thereby fixing the card 6. When the button is pressed, the protruding lock panel 25b is pressed to release the card 6 so that the card 6 can be moved.

The reset button 23 b for returning the 23 a is understood as a push button lock characterized by being provided.

 In this example, the components of the base 1 are metal (stainless steel), the lock body 23 is plastic (ABS resin, etc.) or metal (stainless steel), and the card 6 is Although paper (pole paper) is used, the material is not particularly limited, and the material may be freely selected.

 Next, the locking method will be described. As shown in FIG. 6, the object 4 (the bag in this example) is locked to the locking pin 12 and the base 1 and the lock 2 are closed as shown in FIG. Then, as shown in FIG. 8, a force pad 6 in which a lock hole 6a and a button hole 6b are respectively formed is inserted into the card insertion space 24 in accordance with the unlocking number. Force

During the insertion, the lower surface of the card 6 comes into contact with the spring portion 25 b of the occluding spring 25, so that all the spring portions 25 b are pressed down. At the same time as the notch 6c of the card 6 comes into contact with the neck 13a of the giposi 13, the panel 25b enters the opening 6a for the mouth. Note that the other spring portions 25 b are kept in contact with the lower surface of the card 6.

As a result, the card 6 is placed in the state shown in FIG. The engagement between the notch 156c of the card 6 and the neck 13a of the giposi 13 is maintained. Therefore, the base portion 1 and the lock portion 2 cannot be opened and closed. This is the locked state.

 The unlocking method will be described. Press the unlock button 2 3a corresponding to the unlock number combination correctly. As a result, as shown on the left side of FIG. 11A, the tip 23 部 of the unlocking button 23 a is inserted into the locking hole 6 a of the card 6. Then, as shown in FIG. 11 (Β), the pushed distal end portion 23 f pushes down the spring portion 25 b of the lock panel 25. Since the lock hole 6a is larger than the size of the tip 23f of the unlocking button 23a, with the tip 23f still inserted, go into the depth direction of the force pad 6. Movement is acceptable. On the other hand, the card 6 is constantly urged toward the near side by a kick spring 26 located at a predetermined portion (in this example, two locations on the left and right sides) of the force input space 24. For this reason, when the unlocking button 23a is pressed down correctly, the obstruction of the card 6 in the forward direction is eliminated, and as shown in Fig. 9, the card 6 projects forward by the bias of the kick panel 26. (In this example, the protrusion of the card is about 4 mm from the front end of the lock body 23). As a result, the engagement between the neck 13a of the giposi 13 and the card 6 is released. Therefore, the base unit 1 and the lock unit 2 can be opened and closed. That is, this is the unlocked state. Then, as shown in Fig. 6, open the base 1 and lock 2, and take out the object 4 to be used.

If you accidentally press the unlock button 23a which is different from the unlock number combination, operate the reset button 23b to restore the unlock button 23a to its original state. Press the unlock button 23a again. In the unlocked state, the tip 23 f of the unlocking button 23a is still inserted into the locking hole 6a of the card 6, so that the card 6 is inserted into the card insertion space 24. Can not be pulled out of. Therefore, when changing the force 6 or storing the lock, the unlocking button 23a is returned from the pressed state by operating the reset button 23b (in this example, sliding to the right). . This leaves card 6 completely free. When the reset button 23b is operated by the above-mentioned kick spring 26, the card 6 further projects from the lock body 23 as shown in FIG. 10 (in this example, the lock (Approximately 10 mm from the front end of main body 23). By pulling the protruding portion of the card 6, the card 6 can be extracted from the card insertion space 24.

 The push-button lock according to the invention of the present application is not limited to the form described in this example, but can be implemented by changing to various kinds.

 In this example, as shown in FIG. 8, the structure in which the card 6 is inserted from the near side is not limited to this, and the structure in which the card 6 can be inserted from the opposite side or the side may be good, and various modifications may be made. I can do it.

 Further, in this example, the push button lock having a shape for use in the medical field has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this shape and application, and various shapes (padlock, chain lock, etc.) are applicable. , Horseshoe locks, bar locks, etc.) and various applications (medical use, home use, bicycle use, etc.).

For example, if you want to change the unlocking number of a lock attached to something that is used by an unspecified person, such as a locker, and use the lock as needed, this force-type button lock is suitable. In addition, the use in the medical field is not limited to the above, Of course, this lock can be used to manage medical devices, their components, documents, etc. Industrial applicability

 According to the first to third aspects of the present invention, it is a simple and inexpensive method for preventing atypical blood transfusion using a punch card, and it is possible to eliminate mistakes between patients and blood.

 In the fourth invention of the present application, the unlocking number can be easily changed by using a replaceable combination changing member, which is a key that can be used in the atypical blood transfusion prevention method of the first to third inventions of the present application. It was possible to provide a push-button tablet that could be used. In particular, in the fifth invention of the present application, by using a combination changing member as a card, a hole for changing the combination can be easily formed, and the combination changing operation can be easily performed. At the same time, it can be easily replaced with a lock.

 Further, in the sixth invention of the present application, a key which can be used in the method for preventing atypical blood transfusion of the first to third inventions of the present application, wherein the lock hole 6a of the card 6 and the lock portion 25 Since the relationship can be unlocked by operating the unlocking button 23a, the structure is simple. Further, the object to be locked 4 can be securely held by the object locking portion 12.

Further, in the seventh invention of the present application, in addition to the effect of the sixth invention, by replacing the card 6, a push button lock whose unlocking number can be easily changed can be obtained. Further, in the inventions of the fourth to seventh aspects of the present invention, there is provided a push button lock effective for preventing an error such as infusion of infusion or blood which is infused into a patient at a medical site. 'can do.

 Further, in the eighth invention of the present application, it is possible to provide a simpler and less expensive method for preventing atypical blood transfusion, which has a relatively simple structure and uses a push button tablet which can easily change the unlocking number. .

Claims

The scope of the claims 1. A body number of a patient who needs blood transfusion is given a chain number, and the blood bag is locked with a lock set with a punch card (combination change member) having the chain number, thereby using the key number given to the patient. A method for preventing atypical blood transfusion, characterized in that the blood bag is transfused into the patient from the blood bag only by opening the lock.  2. The method for preventing atypical blood transfusion according to claim 1, wherein the key number is a number associated with a patient's chart.  3. The atypical transfusion prevention method according to claim 1, wherein the key number is attached to a band-shaped ring fitted to a wrist or an ankle of a patient.  4. A push-button lock that is unlocked by selecting and pressing a predetermined combination of push-buttons (23a),  A combination changing member (6) formed in a predetermined shape corresponding to the push button (23a) is provided inside the lock, and the combination changing member (6) is opened by replacing the combination changing member (6). 4. A push-pot button used in the method for preventing atypical blood transfusion according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the combination of the push-buttons (23a) for locking can be changed. .  5. The push button according to claim 4, characterized in that the combination changing member (6) is a card in which holes (6a, 6b) for changing the combination of the push button (23a) are perforated. Tablets. 6. — A force plate provided with a base (1) and a lock (2) whose ends are hingedly connected by a hinge (3), and a lock hole (6a) and a button hole (6b). (6) and Consisting of  The lock (2)  Card insertion space (24),  The lock section (25b) that projects from below the card insertion space (24) and is inserted upward into the locking hole (6a) of the force pad (6) from below to lock the force pad (6). ) When,  A plurality of unlocking buttons (23a) provided pressably above the card insertion space (24),  These unlocking buttons (23a) are inserted into the locking holes (6a) or the button holes (6b) provided in the card (6) by being pushed down.  The lock hole (6a) of the force pad (6) receives the lock portion (25b) and fixes the card (6) immovably with respect to the lock portion (25b). The card (6) can be moved with respect to the unlocking button (23a) in a state where the unlocking button (23a) is received by being larger than the unlocking button (23a).  The button hole (6b) of the card (6) cannot be inserted into the lock part (25b) by force, and the card (6) can be unlocked by receiving the unlock button (23a). (23a) to be immovable. The unlocking button (23a) allows the lock (25b) to be retracted from the lock hole (6a) of the card (6) by pressing down, and the lock hole (6a) is inserted into the lock hole (6a). Is to be inserted, At least one of the base part (1) and the lock part (2) has an object to which the locking object (4) is to be locked between the closed base part (1) and the lock part (2). A catch (12) is provided,  The base part (1) is engaged with the card (6) inserted into the lock part (2) and fixed by the lock part (25b) or the unlocking button (23a). The method for preventing atypical blood transfusion according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a fixing portion (13) for keeping the lock portion (1) and the lock portion (2) closed is provided. Used, push button lock.  7. The lock part (2) has a reset operation part (23b) and a stopper (23η) connected so as to move together with the reset operation part (23b). , Is always urged upward by the potampane (23 e),  The stopper (23η) is pressed down and comes into contact with the unlocking button (23a) inserted into the locking hole (6a) of the card (6).  By moving the stopper (23η) and releasing the contact with the unlocking button (23a), the unlocking button (23a) is pushed up by the urging of the unlocking panel (23e), and the force is increased. The unlocking button (23a) comes off from the lock hole (6a) of the dowel (6), so that the card (6) can be removed from the card insertion space (24). A push-button tablet according to claim 6. 8. A blood bag is attached to the body of the patient in need of blood transfusion with the push button tablet according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the blood bag is set with a punch card having the key number. A method for preventing atypical blood transfusion, characterized by unlocking the lock only by using the key number given to the patient by locking the blood bag to enable blood transfusion from the blood bag to the patient.