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WO2002075949A1 - Procede et appareil de modulation et demodulation amrc multiphase - Google Patents

Procede et appareil de modulation et demodulation amrc multiphase Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002075949A1
WO2002075949A1 PCT/KR2001/001627 KR0101627W WO02075949A1 WO 2002075949 A1 WO2002075949 A1 WO 2002075949A1 KR 0101627 W KR0101627 W KR 0101627W WO 02075949 A1 WO02075949 A1 WO 02075949A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
phase
phases
modulation
cdma
signal
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Ceased
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PCT/KR2001/001627
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English (en)
Inventor
Seung Moon Ryu
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Casuh Corp
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Casuh Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of WO2002075949A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002075949A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
    • H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
    • H04B1/7073—Synchronisation aspects
    • H04B1/7075—Synchronisation aspects with code phase acquisition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
    • H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
    • H04B1/7073—Synchronisation aspects
    • H04B1/7075—Synchronisation aspects with code phase acquisition
    • H04B1/7077—Multi-step acquisition, e.g. multi-dwell, coarse-fine or validation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of transmission systems not covered by a single group of H04B3/00 - H04B13/00
    • H04B2201/69—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to spread spectrum techniques in general
    • H04B2201/707—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to spread spectrum techniques in general relating to direct sequence modulation
    • H04B2201/70706—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to spread spectrum techniques in general relating to direct sequence modulation with means for reducing the peak-to-average power ratio
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J13/00—Code division multiplex systems
    • H04J13/0007—Code type
    • H04J13/004—Orthogonal

Definitions

  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • Multiplexing technology for wireless communication is classified into frequency division multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), and code division multiple access (CDMA).
  • FDMA frequency division multiple access
  • TDMA time division multiple access
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • the CDMA is multiplexing technology based on spread-spectrum system technology and is referred to as spread-spectrum multiple access (SSMA).
  • SSMA spread-spectrum multiple access
  • the CDMA has been settled as an international standard in the IMT-2000 system, which is referred to as third generation mobile communications, beating the TDMA due to its superiority in general characteristics in spite of its complexity in realization.
  • the principle of spread-spectrum originated from the concept that interference can be minimized by spreading the spectrum of a signal and had been developed during the 1st World War and the 2nd World War.
  • Spread-spectrum system technology has become a subject of intense research since 1950s to be mainly used for military communications and satellite communications. With the evolution of semiconductor technology in integrity and operating speed as well as the development of microprocessor technology, the spread-spectrum system has been used in commercial mobile communications in addition to the military communications and the satellite communications.
  • Spread-spectrum systems are classified into direct-sequence (DS) spread-spectrum systems, frequency-hopped (FH) spread-spectrum systems, and time-hopped (TH) spread-spectrum systems depending on the methods of spreading the bandwidth of a signal.
  • DS direct-sequence
  • FH frequency-hopped
  • TH time-hopped
  • DS spread-spectrum systems referred to as DS/CDMA systems employ a manner of spreading the frequency bandwidth by directly modulating a carrier, onto which a data sequence is modulated, with a broadband spreading signal.
  • the spreading signal composed of +1 and -1 is referred to as a spreading sequence, spreading code, or code sequence.
  • the signal which has been modulated with a spreading signal and has been transmitted from a transmitter is received at a receiver in a distorted form due to noises, interferences, signal disturbances, or the like. Then, the receiver multiplies the received signal by the same spreading signal as used by the transmitter to recover the original spectrum.
  • This operation is referred to as de-spreading.
  • signals of multiple channels are linearly summed, and the result of summation is transmitted, so that the signals of multiple channels can be simultaneously transmitted.
  • an increase in the number of channels results in an increase of the number of output signal levels in DS/CDMA.
  • the amplitude of an output signal in DS/CDMA varies in time varies with the lapse of time like an analog signal. Therefore, as the number of input channels increases, spread-spectrum systems employing DS/CDMA become complicated. This characteristic of DC/CDMA will result in difficulties in designing and realizing systems when the transmission rate of wireless communications goes higher in the future. Disclosure of the Invention
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • a multiple phase CDMA modulation method including a first step of setting the range of a output level of a modulated signal; a second step of dividing a phase into sub-phases to transmit an output signal of different levels within the set range at different phases and setting modulation phases using the divided phases; a third step of multiplying input data of multiple channels by orthogonal codes and calculating the sum of the data; a fourth step of truncating the sum of data calculated in the third to the range of the output level set in the first step; a fifth step of selecting a phase to be allocated each of the different levels of an output signal within the output level range from among the modulation phases set in the second step; and a sixth step of transmitting the output signal having the modulation phases allocated to the different levels.
  • a multiple phase CDMA modulation apparatus including a modulator for multiplying input data of multiple channels by respective orthogonal codes and calculating the sum of the results of multiplication to generate a CDMA-modulated signal; a level truncator for truncating an output level of the modulator within a predetermined range; a phase converter for mapping the different levels of an output signal from the level truncator to predetermined modulation phases; a transmitter for transmitting the output signal of the different levels at the modulation phases allocated to the respective different levels; and a controller for controlling the modulator, the level truncator, the phase converter, and the transmitter under external control.
  • a multiple phase CDMA demodulation method including a first step of restoring phases of a received signal to levels based on phase information used during modulation; a second step of synchronizing the restored levels of the received signal according to a predetermined synchronous code; and a third step of restoring the synchronized signal to an original signal using orthogonal codes used during the modulation.
  • a multiple phase CDMA demodulation apparatus including a receiver for receiving a signal which has been modulated in the manner of multiple phase CDMA; a phase discriminator for restoring phases of the signal received through the receiver to levels; a synchronous and demodulating circuit for synchronizing the levels of the received signal restored by the phase discriminator and demodulating the received signal using orthogonal codes used during the modulation; and a code generator for generating the orthogonal codes used during the modulation and outputting them to the synchronous and demodulating circuit for demodulation.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a multiple phase code division multiple access (CDMA) modulation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a multiple phase CDMA demodulation apparatus for demodulating a signal modulated according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a multiple phase CDMA modulation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3A is a waveform diagram for explaining a procedure of truncating an output level of a CDMA-modulated signal according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3B is a diagram showing an example of an output signal of truncated levels and examples of modulation phases allocated for transmission of the output signal according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a CDMA demodulation method for demodulating a signal that has been modulated according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph of bit error rate (BER) characteristic curves of signals modulated in the manner of multiple phase CDMA according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • BER bit error rate
  • CDMA multiple phase code division multiple access
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic, block diagram of a multiple phase CDMA modulation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the multiple phase CDMA modulation apparatus includes a modulator 10, a level truncator 20, a phase converter 30, a transmitter 40, and a controller 50.
  • the modulator 10 multiplies the input data of each of multiple channels, d n , by one of orthogonal codes, c n , and outputs the sum of the results of multiplication.
  • the modulator 10 includes a code generator 12 for generating the orthogonal codes c n and a modulation circuit 11 for multiplying the orthogonal codes c n by the input data d n , respectively, and summing the results of multiplication.
  • the level truncator 20 truncates the level of a signal output from the modulator 10 within a predetermined range.
  • the predetermined range of an output level can be set to be variable according to system characteristics and may be set by the controller 50.
  • the phase converter 30 selects a phase to be allocated to each of different levels of a signal output from the level truncator 20 from among predetermined modulation phases. For this, the phase converter 30 divides a phase into sub-phases and sets divided phases as modulation phases under the control of the controller 50.
  • the transmitter 40 transmits a signal of different levels using the different modulation phases that are allocated to the respective different levels by the phase converter 30.
  • the controller 50 controls the operations of the modulator 10, the level truncator 20, the phase converter 30, and the transmitter 40.
  • the phase converter 30 sets a guard phase to prevent an error from occurring due to between phases having different signs and defines the divided phases except the guard phase as the modulation phases. For this, the phase converter 30 sets the guard phase to a predetermined range under the control of the controller 50.
  • a phase of near 180° or a previous modulation phase may be set as the guard phase.
  • the phase converter 30 divides a phase into a plurality of sub-phases more than the number of levels within the predetermined range of an output level by a predetermined number, and sets a predetermined number of guard phases having a predetermined magnitude near positions ( ⁇ 180°) where phases having different polarities intersect each other.
  • the entire range of the guard phases can be variable depending on the operating characteristics of a system. Generally, when it is intended to transmit a frequency of a broad band even through the transmission characteristic of the system drops slightly, the range of a guard phase is narrowed. When an excellent transmission characteristic is necessary even though a frequency band transmittable is narrowed in a system, the range of a guard phase is widened.
  • the phase converter 30 sets a modulation phase of the previous phase as a guard phase for each current one of the divided sub-phases, sets a phase which is different from the guard phase by 180° as reference phase, and resets a phase different from the reference phase by the current sub-phase as a current modulation phase.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a multiple phase CDMA demodulation apparatus for demodulating a signal modulated according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the multiple phase CDMA demodulation apparatus includes a receiver 60 for receiving data modulated through multiple phase CDMA, a phase discriminator 70 for recovering the phase of a signal received through the receiver 60 to a signal level, a synchronous and modulating circuit 80 for synchronizing the signal level and demodulating the signal using an orthogonal code used during modulation, and a code generator 90 for generating an orthogonal code for demodulation and transmitting it to the synchronous and modulating circuit 80.
  • the phase discriminator 70 recovers the phase of a received signal to the level of the signal.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a multiple phase CDMA modulation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a multiple phase CDMA modulation apparatus sets the range of an output level in order to limit the output level of modulated signals in step S110.
  • the multiple phase CDMA modulation apparatus divides a phase into sub-phases and sets modulation phases with respect to the divided phases in order to transmit output signals of different levels within the set range at different phases in step S120
  • the modulation phases may be set in different manners according to a method of setting guard phases.
  • the multiple phase CDMA modulation apparatus divides a phase into sub-phases more than the number of levels within the set range by a predetermined number, sets a predetermined number of guard phases having a predetermined magnitude near a location where phases of different polarities intersect, and sets the other phases but the guard phases as modulation phases.
  • the multiple phase CDMA modulation apparatus divides a phase into sub-phases based on the number of levels of output signals and sets the divided phases as modulation phases for the different levels.
  • the multiple phase CDMA modulation apparatus multiplies input data of multiple channels by the respective orthogonal codes to perform CDMA modulation with respect to the individual channels in step S130.
  • the sum of modulated signals of the individual channels is calculated in step S140.
  • step S150 the multiple phase CDMA modulation apparatus truncates the sum of the modulated signals within the range of an output level set in step S110. Different levels of the sum of the modulated signals within the set range are allocated to predefined modulation phases, respectively, in step S160.
  • the multiple phase CDMA modulation apparatus selects a sub-phase from a set of the modulation phases which are selected in step S120 excluding the guard phases.
  • FIG. 3A is a waveform diagram for explaining a procedure of truncating an output level of a CDMA modulated signal to a predetermined range according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • waveforms (a) through (g) show input signals of seven channels to be modulated.
  • a waveform (h) shows the sum of the input signals (a) through (g).
  • a waveform (i) shows an example in which the waveform (h) is truncated to the range ⁇ 3 of a level.
  • FIG. 3B is a diagram showing an example of an output signal of truncated levels and examples of modulation phases allocated for transmission of the output signal according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • a waveform (a) shows an output signal of truncated levels, that is, an output signal whose levels are truncated to ⁇ 3.
  • (b) and (c) show the examples of modulation phases allocated to the individual levels of the output signal (a) in FIG. 3B.
  • (b) shows modulation phases when a phase near 180° is set as a guard phase
  • (c) in FIG. 3B shows modulation phases when a previous modulation phase is set as a guard phase.
  • a guard phase is set to 180°
  • a modulation phase allocated to a level of -3 is set to -135°
  • a modulation phase allocated to a level of -2 is set to -90°
  • a modulation phase allocated to a level of -1 is set to -45°
  • a modulation phase allocated to a level of 0 is set to 0°
  • a modulation phase allocated to a level of 1 is set to 45°
  • a modulation phase allocated to a level of 2 is set to 90°
  • a modulation phase allocated to a level of 3 is set to 135°.
  • the multiple phase CDMA modulation apparatus calculates a current modulation phase according to Formula (1).
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a CDMA demodulation method for demodulating a signal which has been modulated according to the embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG.
  • a multiple phase CDMA demodulation apparatus restores phases of a received signal to levels in step S210, synchronizes the levels of the received signal in step S220, and demodulates the received signal using orthogonal codes used during modulation in step S230.
  • This demodulation procedure is similar to a typical phase shift keying (PSK) demodulation method. Thus, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph of bit error rate (BER) characteristic curves of signals modulated in the manner of multiple phase CDMA according to the embodiment of the present invention. More specifically, FIG.
  • FIG. 5 shows BER characteristics of a signal modulated in the manner of conventional DS/CDMA and signals modulated according to the embodiment of the present invention when 8, 16, 32, and 64 input channels are used for the signals, respectively, and an output level is truncated to "6".
  • all of the modulated signals except the signal having 64 input channels have similar BER characteristics to the signal modulated in the manner of conventional DS/CDMA.
  • the modulated signal having 64 input channels has a similar characteristic curve to the signal modulated in the manner of conventional DS/CDMA until a point where a BER is 10 "3 .
  • audio signal receivers demodulate audio signals using a signal having a BER of no greater than about 10 "3 Accordingly, there is no problem in applying a signal whose level is truncated according to the embodiment of the present invention to audio communications.
  • the present invention allows the output level of a transmitting circuit to be maintained constant in a spread spectrum system applying a DS/CDMA method, thereby increasing the power efficiency of the spread spectrum system and remarkably simplifying the structure of a receiving circuit.
  • the present invention enable multichannel CDMA signals to be easily employed by conventional M-ary PSK transmit-receive apparatus using a TDMA method. Therefore, the present invention can overcome the problems of difficulties in designing and realizing a system occurring when transmission speed increases in wireless communications. In other words, the present invention can cope with the future wireless communication environment where a transmission speed is faster than now.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Digital Transmission Methods That Use Modulated Carrier Waves (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des procédés et des appareils de modulation et de démodulation à accès multiple par répartition de code (AMRC) multiphase. Selon les procédés et les appareils, la gamme d'un niveau de sortie d'un signal modulé et les phases de modulation destinées à moduler un signal de niveaux différents sont définies. Un signal modulé AMRC est ramené à la gamme du niveau de sortie définie. Différents niveaux du signal modulé à l'intérieur de la gamme de niveau de sortie sont affectés aux phases de modulation, respectivement, le signal modulé est transmis aux phases de modulation, et le signal modulé est démodulé. Par conséquent, le niveau d'un signal de transmission est maintenu constant de manière que le rendement de puissance est accru et un circuit de réception est simplifié remarquablement. De plus, des signaux AMRC multivoies peuvent être utilisés facilement par un appareil d'émission-réception PSK à base m existant à l'aide d'un procédé AMRT.
PCT/KR2001/001627 2001-02-17 2001-09-27 Procede et appareil de modulation et demodulation amrc multiphase Ceased WO2002075949A1 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR2001/0008044 2001-02-17
KR20010008044 2001-02-17

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015105744A1 (fr) * 2014-01-07 2015-07-16 Lee Arthur E Modulation en amplitude et dans le temps combinée à une modulation en phase
US9774348B2 (en) 2014-01-07 2017-09-26 Quantumsine Acquisitions Inc. Combined amplitude-time and phase modulation
US10382246B2 (en) 2014-01-07 2019-08-13 Quantumsine Acquisitions Inc. Combined amplitude-time and phase modulation
US11140018B2 (en) 2014-01-07 2021-10-05 Quantumsine Acquisitions Inc. Method and apparatus for intra-symbol multi-dimensional modulation

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5623513A (en) * 1993-12-13 1997-04-22 Amati Communications Corporation Mitigating clipping and quantization effects in digital transmission systems
US5673292A (en) * 1994-10-07 1997-09-30 Northrop Grumman Corporation AM-PSK system for broadcasting a composite analog and digital signal using adaptive M-ary PSK modulation
US5742595A (en) * 1995-06-02 1998-04-21 Dsc Communications Corporation Processing CDMA signals
US6278702B1 (en) * 1998-12-02 2001-08-21 Nortel Networks Limited Method for limiting the dynamic range of a CDMA signal

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5623513A (en) * 1993-12-13 1997-04-22 Amati Communications Corporation Mitigating clipping and quantization effects in digital transmission systems
US5673292A (en) * 1994-10-07 1997-09-30 Northrop Grumman Corporation AM-PSK system for broadcasting a composite analog and digital signal using adaptive M-ary PSK modulation
US5742595A (en) * 1995-06-02 1998-04-21 Dsc Communications Corporation Processing CDMA signals
US6278702B1 (en) * 1998-12-02 2001-08-21 Nortel Networks Limited Method for limiting the dynamic range of a CDMA signal

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015105744A1 (fr) * 2014-01-07 2015-07-16 Lee Arthur E Modulation en amplitude et dans le temps combinée à une modulation en phase
US9407203B2 (en) 2014-01-07 2016-08-02 Quantumsine Acquisitions Inc. Combined amplitude-time and phase modulation
JP2017509269A (ja) * 2014-01-07 2017-03-30 クアンタムサイン アクイジションズ インコーポレイテッド 振幅−時間変調と位相変調の組合せ
US9774348B2 (en) 2014-01-07 2017-09-26 Quantumsine Acquisitions Inc. Combined amplitude-time and phase modulation
EA031912B1 (ru) * 2014-01-07 2019-03-29 Квантумсайн Акуизишнс Инк. Комбинированная амплитудно-временная и фазовая модуляция
US10382246B2 (en) 2014-01-07 2019-08-13 Quantumsine Acquisitions Inc. Combined amplitude-time and phase modulation
US11140018B2 (en) 2014-01-07 2021-10-05 Quantumsine Acquisitions Inc. Method and apparatus for intra-symbol multi-dimensional modulation

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KR100394783B1 (ko) 2003-08-19
KR20020067890A (ko) 2002-08-24

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