WO2002068798A1 - Longwall face control for longwall face working - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a longwall face control for longwall face working, comprising a plurality of longwalls (shields 1-18) and hydraulically actuated power transmitters which represent a central longwall face control for selectively controlling one shield from the plurality of shields, and one shield control (34) each for every shield and electro-magnetically actuated hydraulic control valves (pilot valves and main valves) for the power transmitters. The control valves, including the pilot valves and main valves, are directly associated with their power transmitters, also with respect to their position, and they are hydraulically linked with them directly and without the help of tubes. Every shield control is interlinked with the valve controls (40) and the valve controls (40) are interlinked via a two-core control cable. The commands are transmitted by way of a code word for the magnets of the control valve to be actuated, said code word being serially transmitted with a control command.

Description

 Longwall control for longwall construction

The invention relates to a longwall control for longwall construction with a variety of hydraulically operated extensions (shields) according to the preamble of

Claim 1.

Such a face control is known from DE P42 02 246.0 (TBT 9102),

195 15 124.0. (TBT 9401) 19546 427.3 (TBT 9501) 199 82 113.5-24 (TBT 9805),

100 18 597.5-24 (TBT 9904), 100 18 597.5-24 (TBT 9905).

The shields are especially in the sense of robbery, striding and

Set depending on the position of the mining machine (cutting or

Planing machine) can be implemented automatically or by hand.

So far, the controls have largely been set up centrally. The predominantly manually operated control valves of the hydraulic power transmitters of a shield are combined into blocks and placed so that they can also be operated by hand (DE P42 02246.0). It is therefore

Lay hose connections to the individual force transmitters (DE 195 15

124.0).

Safety needs of the operating personnel, who should not work directly in the face and in the area of the shields, speak for such

Solutions.

In addition, however, the path has already been taken, the security risk for the

Operator (operator) who is responsible for the operation -it to trigger

Functions, functional sequences or operating states, be it for checking and monitoring the functionality, but also that

Risk of error in operation and control, which is caused by the difficult

Avoid conditions even more severe by avoiding the central

Control and monitoring of the functions and / or operating states of the

Extensions and / or shield control is made possible (DE 100 18 597.5-24 (TBT

9905)).

The object of the invention is the hydraulic and electrical equipment of the

Simplify longwall control, reduce the effort for assembly and maintenance and reduce the risk of damage and failure.

The solution results from claim 1. In addition, the operation is simplified and made safer by the

Embodiment of the invention according to claim 2, which can also be used with advantage for safety and reliability in all electromagnetic valves which can be addressed via a code word or an identifier or the like.

The configurations according to claim 3, 4 and 5 serve to simplify the

Construction and the robustness and security of the expansion control and

Expansion. Above all, damage to the hydraulic and electrical connections is avoided, but also the disability that could be caused by these connections.

The configurations according to claim 6 to 8 contribute to the fact that

Longwall control on the one hand, compact, without long and exposed hydraulic and electrical lines, set up directly at its place of use, thereby not only not impairing the function and reliability of the system, but increasing it, but in order to increase personal safety, it is decentralized

Operation is made possible.

The invention is described below using an exemplary embodiment.

Show it:

Fig. 1 diagram of the hydraulic equipment for two power sensors

valve control

Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of a cutting machine and a group of

extensions

Fig. 3 shows the section through a strut with an expansion

Fig. 4 Scheme of the expansion control with several shield controls

Fig. Δschematic representation of a control valve

One of the expansion units 1-18 is shown in FIG. A plurality of expansion units 1 to 18 is shown in FIG. The expansion units are arranged along a seam 20. The seam 20 is mined in the mining direction 22 with a cutting device 23, 24 of a mining machine 21. In the exemplary embodiment, the extraction machine has the shape of a cutting machine 21. The cutting machine 21 is by means of a cutting rope, which is not shown, movable in cutting direction 19. It has two cutting rollers 23, 24, which are set at different heights and mill the coal wall. The broken coal is loaded onto a conveyor 25 by the cutting machine, also called "roller loader". The conveyor 25 consists of a trough 25, in which a tank conveyor is moved along the coal front. The cutting machine 21 can be moved along the coal front. The trough 25 is subdivided into individual units which are connected to one another, but can move relative to one another in the direction of degradation 22. Each of the units is connected to one of the expansion units 1 to 18 by a cylinder-piston unit (walking piston) 29 as a force transmitter. Each of the expansion units serves the purpose of supporting the longwall. A further cylinder-piston unit 30 is used for this purpose, which braces a base plate with respect to a roof plate. The roof plate has a so-called coal bumper 48 at its front end facing the seam. This is a flap that can be folded in front of the dismantled coal wall. The coal bumper must be folded up in front of the approaching cutting machine 21. A further cylinder-piston unit, not shown, is also used for this. These functional elements of the individual expansion are only shown here as examples. Other functional elements are available; it is not necessary to mention and describe the invention in order to understand it.

As already mentioned, each of the power transmitters are hydraulic cylinder / piston units. FIG. 3 shows that a main valve 44 is flanged to the cylinder of these units, by means of which the oil flow into or out of the cylinder is controlled. A pilot valve 45 is flanged to the main valve 44. The design of these valves will be discussed in more detail. The valve control 40, ie a housing with the valve control located therein, is fastened to the pilot control valve. 2, the cutting machine moves to the right. Therefore, the coal bumper of the expansion unit 17 must be folded back. On the other hand, the unit of the trough 25 on the expansion unit 9, which is located in the direction of travel 19 behind the cutting machine 21, is advanced in the direction of the dismantled coal wall. Likewise, the following expansion units 8, 7, 6, 5 and 4 are in the forward gear with a direction towards the face or the dismantled coal wall. On the coal bumper is already folded down again. The expansion units 3, 2, 1 are fully moved and remain in this position until the cutting machine approaches again from the right.

These movements are controlled partly automatically depending on the movements and the current position of the cutting machine, partly by hand. For this purpose, a shield control 34 is assigned to each of the extensions 1-18. A face control 33 is assigned to each group of extensions or shield controls. One of the shield control units 34 is assigned to one of the extensions 1-18 and is connected to the pilot valves 45 and main valves 44 of all power transmitters of the extension units 1, 2, 3 ... (to 18) via a valve controller 40 (microprocessor). Each of the longwall controls serves as a central expansion control. However, a group of several death controls or the entirety of the face controls can also be assigned a central expansion control that is connected to the face controls. The expansion commands are passed on via each longwall control. The expansion command a certain expansion function z. B. triggered in the sense of robbery, striding, setting. This removal command is received by all shield controls 34 via cable 58. The cable 58 connects all shield controls 34 to one another. All of the expansion commands from one of the longwall controls are fed directly to the shield control connected directly to the longwall control 33. The removal commands then arrive from this shield control via cable 58 to all other shield controls 34. However, only one of the shield controls 1-18 or a group of shield controls is activated by a predetermined coding in order to carry out the respective expansion functions. The activated shield control then sets the received expansion command! in valve control commands to the control valves or main valves assigned to the affected extensions. The electrical connection between the individual shield control devices 34 and the respective valve controls 40 is made with the command cable 46. This is preferably a two-core cable, to each of which the shield control device 34 of the shield and all valve controls 40 of the valve assigned to this shield are connected. Such two-core cables are now commercially available as wide cables. The contact with the (two) connections of the shield control 34 and the valve controls 40 is in each case made by a pin onto which the cable is pressed, so that the pin penetrates the respective phase of the cable through the insulation of the cable. The cable then only has to be attached to the shield control or the valve control 40 by a clamp or the like. As described, the shield control devices 34 are also connected to one another. The automatic triggering of the functions and functional sequences is described, for example, in DE-A1 19546427.3.

It follows from this that all commands originating from a shield control are always transmitted to all assigned valve controls 40 and are pending at each valve control 40. Several commands must therefore be transmitted serially, i.e. one after the other in time.

There is therefore a command which is directed to one of the valve controls 40, on the one hand from a code word, that is to say a signal sequence which is characteristic of this valve control 40, and from the actual function command (removal command) which is used for a specific function of the valve or the associated force transmitter ( eg: entering, exiting) is characteristic. The valve controls 40 are also provided with a memory 43. The code word which is characteristic of this valve control is stored in each of these memories. Only the valve control / microprocessor 40 ... is activated by a command from the shield control whose code word is identical to the code word sent by the shield control. A comparison is thus made in the microprocessor between the stored code word and the code word contained in the function command of the shield control 34. If these code words are identical, the microprocessor also carries out the evaluation of the function command. To this end, the microprocessor also contains the function commands that occur and the control commands to be triggered by the respective function command, which are sent to the solenoids of the respective Forward control valve 45 are to be stored. If a valve control 40 has therefore been activated by identifying the code words, it searches for the control commands corresponding to the transmitted function command from its database and forwards them to the control magnets of the respective pilot valves 45 to be actuated.

The control commands corresponding to the individual function commands can, however, also be stored in the respective shield control. In this case, the processing of the function commands into control commands to the solenoids of the respective pilot valves concerned is already carried out in the shield control. In this case, the shield control already issues control commands associated with a code word, by means of which one of the valve controls is activated when the code words are identical.

The control device 37, which is designed as a hand-held device and is carried by the operator, is used for central manual operation of the command input. To enter the command, the operator can stand outside the strut or at least away from the current dismantling location.

The handheld device is connected by radio to the radio receivers 38 of the face control devices 33. The cuboid handheld device has control buttons on one side (control side). These keys can also be used to enter the code of the expansion control to be operated (one of the shield controls 34.1, 34.2 ...) and to trigger an expansion command to trigger a desired function or a desired functional sequence (e.g. robbing or walking). It has already been stated that the shield controls 34 are also connected to one another by the cable 58, which has only a few wires and which is used for the serial transmission of a code word and the removal command. Only that of the expansion controls / shield controls 34 is addressed whose stored code word is identical to the transmitted code word. For example, the antenna 39 of the handheld device is used for radio transmission. When the operator turns the handheld device 180 ° around its longitudinal axis, he sees the control side of the handheld device. This is equipped with two diodes, a display and other buttons. The operator can light up the two diodes with his head lamp. Only if he covers one of the diodes, for example with a finger, will the control function become the handheld device triggered. For checking purposes, the operator enters the code of the removal to be checked. As a result, the hand-held device connects via an infrared transmitter / receiver 35 to a coordinated infrared transmitter / receiver 36 at the face control 33 addressed by code. Certain functions or operating states can now be queried using one of the buttons. For this purpose, a program is stored in the face control with which a sequence of queries about functions, operating states and functional sequences of a specific shield (removal) can be directed and carried out to the shield control addressed by code. The data obtained are then transmitted to the hand-held device by means of the infrared transmitter / receiver 35, 36 and shown on the display. In this way, the operator can convince himself whether a certain expansion is still fully functional or whether maintenance or the replacement of functional elements or control elements is required.

This enables safe, trouble-free and robust operation of the cutting machine and removal with little operator effort. It has been found that reliable, interference-free radio transmission of the required position and direction signals is possible even in underground operation, and that the expansion control can be reliably controlled even with considerable striving length via one or a few radio receivers. For this purpose, the control device has the peculiarity that signals which are transferred to one or individual of the control devices are forwarded to the others and that the expansion units to be addressed can be reliably determined via the common computer capacity. For the technical implementation, reference is made to DE 195 46427.3.

The hydraulic controls for a power transmitter are shown in Fig. 1. The valve control 40 activates the control magnet 47.1 of the pilot valve 45.1 (or control magnet 47.2 of the pilot valve 45.2 for the opposite function of the force transmitter 29) when the code word transmitted serially via the command cable 46 together with the command is identical to that in memory 43 Valve control 40 stored code word. Pilot and main valves are used here, each of which is assigned to a function (retraction or extension) of the force transmitter 29. In such a case, everyone will Pilot valves 45.1 and 45.2 are assigned a separate code word, so that the respective other pilot valve, which is assigned to this force transmitter, but also the pilot valves of all other force transmitters are not addressed when a certain code word is transmitted. With 51 the line of higher pressure and with 52 the line of low pressure is designated. The pilot valves 45.1, 45.2 are actuated by electromagnets 47.1 and 47.2 in two switching positions in accordance with the commands of the valve control 40.1 with memory 43.1 and 40.2 with memory 43.2. The pilot valves 45.1, 45.2 ... control the main control valves 44.1 and 44.2 via hydraulic lines 53.1 and 53.2. The main control valves 44.1 and 44.2 each connect a cylinder chamber of the force transmitter 29 to the pressure line 51 and the other cylinder chamber to the line of low pressure, return line 52. Check valves 54.1 and 54.2 with pressure compensation lines 55 ensure that the piston of the force generator 29 always remains clamped and constantly moving. Pressure relief valves 56 prevent pressure surges. Reference is also made to FIG. 4 for the structure of the valves. 4 shows, in addition to what has been described so far, that each of the shield controls 34.1, 34.2 .... not only can be connected to the valve controls 40.1, 40.2 40.3 .... of the shield via the command cable 46. Rather, the signals of the pressure sensors, which are arranged for control and monitoring on each of the force transmitters and / or valves, can also be transmitted via the command cable. For this purpose, the code word assigned to the valve is also transmitted serially via the radio with the corresponding query command, so that only the signal from the pressure sensor of this valve is transmitted.

In the same way, other sensors 41.1, 41.2, 41.3 .... can also be connected to the shield control via a two-wire signal cable. In this case, certain code words are also assigned to sensors 41.1, 41.2, 41.3 ..., which, on the one hand, are in a microprocessor (not shown) assigned to the respective sensor. and on the other hand are stored in the shield control. To query the signal from the individual sensors, the corresponding code word is in turn transmitted from the shield control via the signal cable, thereby activating the addressed sensor or transmitting the measurement signal. Each shield control is connected to a power supply unit 42, through which the shield control is supplied with a voltage suitable for signal transmission. The same thing that was described here for the shield control 34.1 and shown in FIG. 4 applies accordingly to the shield controls 34.2, 34.3 ...

Before the start of operation, the code word that can be individually entered and stored in each microprocessor / valve controller 40 or its memory 43. For each valve must also be transmitted to the higher-level shield controller and stored and assigned there to the valve concerned. This is described with reference to FIG. 5. As stated, the code word has already been entered into the memory 43 of the valve controller 40 concerned. The pilot valve 45 is in the idle state. Therefore, the valve spring 57 presses the pilot piston 49 indicated only schematically, ie without control edges, and the magnet plunger of the actuating magnet 47 interacting therewith into an end position. To load the code word, the magnetic plunger and the pilot piston 49 are pressed by hand (arrow 50) into the other end position. As a result, a voltage is induced in the output / input of the actuating magnet, which leads in the microprocessor to retrieve the code word from the memory and to transmit the code word to the shield control. At the same time, the shield control is set so that this code word is assigned to the valve concerned and stored in this form. This assignment can take place, for example, in that a certain sequence is prescribed for the manual operation of the individual valves of an expansion. However, if the coding also contains a signal sequence that is assigned to the respective valve or cylinder function, the central input of this cylinder function (for example walking) in the shield control 34 can also be used to identify which valve is responsible for this function and which one Accordingly, the code word must be called up by the shield control 34 in order to activate the responsible valve or the responsible valve control 40. In this embodiment of the invention, on the one hand, the adjustment work is very much relieved and made safer.

This type of coding and transmission of the coding of a valve to a higher-level control is therefore very advantageous for all valve controls for electromagnetically actuated hydraulic valves which are serially controlled by a central control via a common line

reference numeral

1-18.Expansion units 1 to 18

19. Cutting direction 19

20. seam 20

Extraction machine, cutting machine 21

22.Degradation direction 22

23. Cutting direction cutting rollers 23, 24

24. Cutting device cutting roller

25. Conveyor, trough, unit 25

26. Base plate

27. Roof plate

28th wheel 28

29. Cylinder-piston unit, walking piston, power sensor 29

30. Cylinder-piston unit, power transmitter

31. Computer, microprocessor 31,

32. radio receiver 32

33. longwall control, central expansion control, longwall control device

34. Control unit 34, shield control, shield control unit, removal control

35. Infrared transmitter / receiver 35

36. Infrared transmitter / receiver 36

37. Control device, handheld device

38. Antenna, radio receiver

39. Handheld antenna

40. Valve control, microprocessor, control device 40

41. Sensors

42. Power supply

43. Memory 43

44.Main valve, control valve 44

45. pilot valve, control valve 45

46. Command cable 46

47.Set solenoid 47

48.Carbon bumpers 48 49. Pilot piston 49

50th arrow 50

51. Pressure line

52. Tank line, low pressure line, return line

53rd leadership

54. Check valve

55. Pressure equalization line

56. Pressure relief valve

57. Valve spring

58. Cable

Claims

Expectations: 1. Longwall control for longwall construction with a plurality of extensions (shields 1-18), which can be actuated in terms of expansion functions, particularly in terms of expansion functions: robbing, striding and setting, with hydraulically actuated force transmitters (cylinders / piston units 29,30), which are assigned to each of the extensions only for the execution of the work functions required for the removal functions, with hydraulic control valves (pilot valves 45 and main valves 44) which can be actuated by control commands issued to their electromagnets (47) and each one of the Force sensors for the hydraulic triggering of work functions of the force sensor are assigned and hydraulically connected to it, and each with a shield control (34.1, 34.2 ....) for each of the extensions (shields) for triggering the positioning commands on the basis of expansion commands which can be entered in the individual shield control Meaning of the expansion - functions The control valves including the pilot valves (45) and main valves (44) are arranged in the narrow spatial area of their respective force transmitters, preferably attached to the force transmitters and hydraulically connected to them directly and without tubing; Each control valve (29, 30) is assigned its own valve control (microprocessor 40) with memory (43), a code word characteristic of the control valve being stored in the memory (43); Each of the shield controls (34, 34.2 ...) contains a memory for the code words which are stored in the memories (43) of the valve controls 40 of this shield and which are characteristic of one of the control valves of this configuration; Each of the shield controls (34.1 ... 34.3 ...) is connected to all the valve controls (40.1 ... 40.5 ..) of their shield and the valve controls 40 of the shield are connected to one another in series via a common, preferably only two-wire command cable (46); the expansion commands transmitted to a shield control are converted in the shield control into the code word and the control command for the magnets of the control valve (44, 45) to be addressed; The code word and the control command are preferably transmitted in serial order to all valve controls 40 (microprocessors) assigned to the shield control (34.1 ... 34.3 ...) via the command cable (46); the valve controls 40 are set up so that only the valve control 40 (that of the microprocessors 40.1 ... 40.5 ..) is addressed by the control command and can be actuated in the sense of the work function of the assigned control valve to be triggered, the code word being stored in the memory (43) thereof , which is identical to the code word sent by the shield control (34.1 ... 34.3 ...). 2. longwall control according to the preamble of claim 1 or according to claim 1; Characteristics: the pistons including the magnetic tappets of each of the control valves can be moved by hand in the non-activated state; that a voltage is induced in the actuating magnet; As a result, the valve control 40 is addressed with the microprocessor of the actuated control valve in such a way that the code word stored in the microprocessor and assigned to the control valve is transmitted to the shield control, stored therein and assigned to the control valve. 3. longwall control according to claim 1 or claim 2 The sign control is spatially directly assigned to its sign, preferably attached to the sign; 4. longwall control according to one of claims 1 to 3; Mark: The valve controls 40 with microprocessor are each their valve spatially directly assigned, preferably attached to the valve; 5. longwall control according to one of claims 1 to 4 Each shield control is connected to the power supply with a separate power supply unit connected to the central power supply for generating a rectified low voltage and is preferably equipped. 6. longwall control according to one of claims 1 to 4 A plurality of shield controls (34.1, 34.2) are connected to one another by a common cable (58) for the serial transmission of commands, in particular expansion commands in the sense of the expansion functions and code words, which one of the shield controls uses a face control that is directly connected to it (33) can be abandoned. 7. longwall control according to claim 6 characteristics: several longwall control devices (33) are distributed over the length of the longwall and each longwall control device is equipped with one of the shield controls (34.1,34.2) Strebs directly connected and preferably closely related to this; each of the longwall control devices serves to pass on the expansion commands to the shield control connected to it; All of the shield controls are via the common cable (58) (34.1,34.2) of the strut can be controlled, but from the number of controlled shield controls only the individual shield control (34.1) of the expansion (shield) affected by the expansion command or only the shield controls of the group of extensions (shields 1-18) affected by the expansion command can be selectively activated. 8. longwall control according to claim 7 A central control unit is used to enter the removal commands (Handheld device 37), which is connected wirelessly to the face control devices (33).