WO2002065203A1 - Liquid crystal display and its repairing method - Google Patents

Abstract

A liquid crystal display characterized in that it comprises a pixel substrate, a counter substrate opposed to the pixel substrate, and a liquid crystal layer held between the pixel substrate and the counter substrate, that the pixel substrate has source lines (301a, 301b) and gate lines (302a, 302b) crossing the source lines, a pixel electrode (304) disposed in each of the pixel regions defined by two adjacent gate lines (302a, 302b) and two adjacent source lines (301a, 301b), a switching element (303) for switching the voltage applied to the pixel electrode (304) from the source line (301a, 301b) according to the voltage of a signal inputted through the gate line (302a, 302b), an auxiliary capacitor line (308) disposed between two adjacent gate lines (302a, 302b) and adapted to apply a predetermined voltage, and an overlap film (601) made of a light-absorbing material, and that the overlap film (601) at least partially overlaps with the pixel electrode (304) and the auxiliary capacitor line (308), and the pixel electrode (304) is insulated from the auxiliary capacitor line (308).

Description

 TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device having a plurality of pixels arranged vertically and horizontally and a method for repairing the same, and more particularly, to repairing defective pixels by laser irradiation. And a method for repairing the same. BACKGROUND ART In recent years, liquid crystal display devices have been widely used as thin and low power consumption display devices. In order to adapt to higher precision of displayed image data, the number of pixels has been increased or the pixel structure has been reduced. Development is under way. However, the production yield of liquid crystal display devices has been a problem for a long time, and this tendency tends to be more remarkable as the number of pixels is increased or the pixel structure is miniaturized.

 One of the main factors that reduce the yield is the occurrence of defective pixels. A defective pixel is a bright or dark spot on the screen due to an abnormal operation of a switching element such as a TFT for controlling the pixel, or a short-circuit of an auxiliary capacitor that holds the display voltage of the pixel. Is a pixel that appears as In particular, since defective pixels at bright spots are easily conspicuous, the quality of a display device is impaired if there is at least one such defective pixel. Therefore, studies for repairing defective pixels at bright spots have been conducted.

For example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 4 (1995) -42819 (hereinafter referred to as "No. 8119"), a defective pixel in a bright spot mode is corrected to a defective pixel in a black spot mode to make it inconspicuous. A pixel defect repair method and its display are disclosed. According to Japanese Patent Publication No. 8-19, as shown in FIG. 21, when there is a defective pixel in a bright spot mode that significantly degrades image quality, laser irradiation is performed on the pixel transistor 1 of the defective pixel and the repair wiring 3. This indicates that a DC voltage or an AC voltage higher than the threshold voltage of the liquid crystal is applied to the correction wiring 3 which is short-circuited and is electrically connected to the pixel electrode 5. It is stated that this makes it possible to correct a defective pixel in the bright spot mode to a defective pixel in the black spot mode to make it inconspicuous.

 The above restoration method is assumed to be a TN (Twisted Nema Uc) type liquid crystal display device. Attention has been paid.

 FIG. 1 is a sectional view schematically showing the configuration of an OCB type liquid crystal display device. Here, FIG. 1 (a) shows the splay alignment state, and FIG. 1 (b) shows the bend alignment state.

 As shown, the OCB-type liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal layer 105 having a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 101, a pixel substrate 102 a sandwiching the liquid crystal layer 105, and a counter substrate 102 b. It has. Then, on the surface of the pixel substrate 102 a on the side opposite to the liquid crystal layer 105, a retardation plate 103 a and a polarizing plate 104 a are sequentially laminated, and the opposing substrate 102 b is formed. On the surface opposite to the liquid crystal layer 105, a retardation plate 103b and a polarizing plate 104b are sequentially laminated. Further, although not shown, a counter electrode is formed on the surface of the counter substrate 102b on the liquid crystal layer 105 side, and is formed on the surface of the pixel substrate 102a on the liquid crystal layer 105 side. A plurality of pixel electrodes, a switching element such as a TFT, a source line and a gate line, and the like are formed on the substrate. The plurality of pixel electrodes are formed independently for each pixel region, and each is paired with a counter electrode to apply a voltage to the liquid crystal layer 105 in each pixel region.

 In a transmissive liquid crystal display device, the pixel substrate 102a and the counter substrate 102b are transparent, and an active matrix substrate formed of a glass substrate or the like is used for the pixel substrate 102a. Is often done. The retardation plate adjusts the phase difference between the polarization components of the incident light so that the switching between the transmission and the blocking of the incident light is effectively performed.

In the OCB-type liquid crystal display device configured as described above, the liquid crystal molecules 101 are rod-like molecules such as spheroids, and their major axes are the upper and lower pixel substrates 102 a and the opposing substrate. The rubbing treatment (parallel alignment treatment) applied to 102 b It is oriented in the bing direction (left-right direction in the drawing) and is parallel to the cross section shown.

 Then, the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules 101 is controlled by a voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer 105. In the splay alignment state where no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer 105 (FIG. 1 (a)), the liquid crystal molecules 101 near the center of the liquid crystal layer 105 are formed by the pixel substrate 102a and the opposing substrate 102. It is almost horizontal to the interface between b and the liquid crystal layer 105. In this state, when a transition voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer 105, the liquid crystal layer transitions to a bend alignment state (FIG. 1 (b)). In the bend alignment state, the liquid crystal molecules 101 near the center of the liquid crystal layer 105 change their directions from the splay alignment state greatly, and the pixel substrate 102 a or the opposing substrate 102 b and the liquid crystal layer 10 It is almost perpendicular to the interface with 5. In order to perform this transition, a relatively large transition voltage, for example, about 25 V is applied between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode. The transition voltage and the application time vary depending on the target liquid crystal display device. By further applying a driving voltage to the liquid crystal molecules 101 in the bend alignment state, the liquid crystal molecules 101 are driven to change the brightness of light incident on the liquid crystal layer 105 from the knock light. be able to.

 In the OCB type liquid crystal display device, when the power is turned off, the liquid crystal molecules 101 of the liquid crystal layer 105 are in a splay alignment state. When the power is turned on, a transition voltage is applied between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode to change the splay orientation state to the bend orientation state, and display a screen using the bend orientation state. . Therefore, the OCB type liquid crystal display device is superior in high-speed response characteristics to a conventional TN (Twisted Nematic) type liquid crystal display device using a twist alignment state. For a more detailed description of the OCB type liquid crystal display device, see page 199 of “IEICE Technical Report EDI 98-144”.

Even in this OCB type liquid crystal display device, defective pixels as described above are generated mainly due to abnormal operation of a switching element such as a TFT or short-circuit of an auxiliary capacitor. Generally, regardless of the type of image to be displayed, it is effective to make the defective pixel display black in order to make the generated defective pixel inconspicuous. This is due to the fact that black (low luminance) defective pixels are less noticeable than white (high luminance) defective pixels. In particular, in the OCB type liquid crystal display device, since no voltage is applied to the defective pixel, the alignment returns from the bend alignment to the splay alignment. In this splay alignment state, since it looks as a bright spot when observed from a specific angle, the splay alignment state should be changed to the bend alignment state, and further to the low brightness state in the bend alignment state. Is desirable.

 However, when the conventional repair method described in the above-mentioned publication No. 819 or the like is applied to the defective pixel of this OCB type liquid crystal display device, the display of the defective pixel may not be black but may be drooping. The present inventors have found that a defective pixel cannot be reliably repaired. Hereinafter, this problem will be described in more detail.

 Figure 2 shows the voltage (arbitrary unit) -brightness (arbitrary unit) characteristic curves for (a) a normally white TN liquid crystal display, (b) a normally white OCB liquid crystal display, and (C) A graph showing a normally black type OCB type liquid crystal display device.

 First, in the characteristic curve 201 of the normally white TN liquid crystal display device of FIG. 2A, the threshold voltage V t1 on the low voltage side and the threshold voltage on the high voltage side are shown. There is a value voltage V t 2. Then, between the two threshold voltages, the higher the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer, the lower the luminance. However, when a voltage lower than the threshold voltage Vt1 on the low voltage side is applied, the brightness becomes constant at the highest level, and conversely, a voltage higher than the threshold voltage Vt2 on the high voltage side is applied. Then, the brightness becomes constant at the lowest state. Therefore, if the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer is equal to or higher than the threshold voltage Vt2 on the high voltage side, the display of the defective pixel can be reliably turned black.

 Therefore, in the TN type liquid crystal display device, for example, even when the threshold voltage Vt2 on the high voltage side is about 6.5 to 7.5 V, a relatively high voltage of about 15 V is applied to the defective pixel. By applying the voltage to the pixel electrode, it was possible to reliably display the defective pixel in black according to the characteristic curve 201. For this reason, JP-A No. 8-19 also states that "a DC voltage or an AC voltage higher than the threshold voltage of the liquid crystal is applied to the correction wiring 3 electrically connected to the pixel electrode 5".

On the other hand, in the characteristic curve 202 of the normally white OCB type liquid crystal display device shown in FIG. 2 (b), the optimum voltage ( Hereafter, there are a white display voltage (Vh) and an optimal voltage (hereinafter, black display voltage) Vb for making the pixel display black. Then, between the white display voltage V h and the black display voltage V b, the brightness decreases as the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer increases as in the case of the TN type liquid crystal display device. However, in a normally white type 〇CB type liquid crystal display device, the brightness becomes minimum at the black display voltage Vb, and increases when the applied voltage to the liquid crystal layer is higher than the black display voltage Vb. Brightness is high. Also, when the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer is equal to or lower than the white display voltage Vh, the brightness is reduced as the applied voltage is reduced. The OCB type liquid crystal display device is different from the TN type liquid crystal display device in such characteristics.

 Therefore, in the OCB type liquid crystal display device, for example, when the black display voltage Vb is about 6'.5 to 7.5 V, the TN type liquid crystal display device When a relatively high voltage of about 15 V is applied to the pixel electrode of the defective pixel as in the case of the above, the area where the luminance has increased again is applied to the display of the defective pixel by the luminance floating characteristic of the characteristic curve 202. Would. As a result, the defective pixel was displayed in gray instead of black, and as a result, it was found that the defective pixel could not be repaired.

 This problem is the same in a normally black OCB type liquid crystal display device. That is, also in the characteristic curve 203 of FIG. 2C, the white display voltage Vh and the black display voltage Vb exist. Then, between the black display voltage Vb and the white display voltage Vh, the brightness increases as the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer increases, contrary to the case of the normally white mode. When a voltage lower than the black display voltage Vb is applied, the luminance increases again, and when a voltage higher than the white display voltage Vh is applied, the luminance again decreases.

As another conventional technique, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H08-32805 (hereinafter referred to as “No. 035”) discloses a metal thin film in each pixel region as shown in FIG. There is disclosed a liquid crystal display device having an island 12 made of a metal thin film and a bridge 13 of a metal thin film extending over an adjacent island 12 via an insulating layer. According to this liquid crystal display device, when a defective pixel is generated, the insulating layer separating the island 12 and the bridge 13 is melted by laser light, and the island 12 and the pre-image are melted. It is described that the defective pixel can be made inconspicuous by connecting the defective pixel to the same pixel as the adjacent pixel by connecting the defective pixel to the adjacent pixel.

 However, the restoration method that connects adjacent pixels as described above requires a specific display image, such as a still image with a low gradation or a slow-moving moving image, such as word processing software used in offices or drawing creation software. In some cases, this method was not suitable, and there was a limit to making defective pixels inconspicuous. In addition, the effect was low when the resolution was lower than the XGA class. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device capable of making a defective pixel generated inconspicuous and a method for repairing the liquid crystal display device.

 The liquid crystal display device according to the first invention that achieves the above object,

 A pixel substrate, a counter substrate facing the pixel substrate, and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pixel substrate and the counter substrate.

 The pixel substrate is based on a plurality of source lines and a plurality of gate lines crossing each other, pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix, and a signal voltage input from the gate line. A switching element for switching a voltage applied from the source line to the pixel electrode, a storage capacitor line formed between two adjacent gate lines to which a predetermined voltage can be applied, and a light absorbing material. The counter substrate is provided with a counter electrode facing the pixel electrode,

 At least a part of the overlap film is arranged so as to overlap the pixel electrode and the auxiliary capacitance line, and the pixel electrode and the auxiliary capacitance line are insulated by an insulating layer.

The brightness of the liquid crystal layer becomes minimum when a black display voltage is applied between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode when displaying black, and is lower than the black display voltage between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode. The brightness of the liquid crystal layer increases regardless of whether a high or low voltage is applied. A voltage substantially equal to the black display voltage is applied to the auxiliary capacitance line.

 When the pixel electrode becomes a defective pixel in such a liquid crystal display device, a laser is irradiated to the overlap film overlapping the pixel electrode which has become the defective pixel, and a gap between the pixel electrode and the auxiliary capacitance line is formed. The liquid crystal display device can be repaired by connecting the pixel electrode and the auxiliary capacitance line by melting the insulating layer. The liquid crystal display device according to the second invention for achieving the above object,

 A pixel substrate, a counter substrate facing the pixel substrate, and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pixel substrate and the counter substrate.

 The pixel substrate includes a plurality of source lines and a plurality of gate lines crossing each other, pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix, and a pixel line from the source line based on a signal voltage input from the gate line. A switching element for switching the voltage applied to the electrode, an auxiliary capacitance line formed between two adjacent gate lines to which a predetermined voltage can be applied, and an overlap film made of a light absorbing material. The counter substrate includes a counter electrode facing the pixel electrode,

 At least a part of the transparent film is arranged so as to overlap the pixel electrode and the gate line, the pixel electrode and the gate line are insulated by an insulating layer, and the brightness of the liquid crystal layer is black. When the black display voltage applied between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode is applied, the minimum value is obtained when the voltage is higher than the black display voltage between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode. Even if a voltage is applied, the brightness of the liquid crystal layer increases and the signal voltage for turning off the switching element is almost the same as the black display voltage.

When a pixel electrode becomes a defective pixel in such a liquid crystal display device, a laser is irradiated to an overlap film overlapping the pixel electrode which has become a defective pixel, thereby insulating the pixel electrode from the gate line. The liquid crystal display device can be repaired by connecting the pixel electrode and the gate line by melting the layer. A liquid crystal display device according to a third invention that achieves the above object, A pixel substrate, a counter substrate facing the pixel substrate, and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pixel substrate and the counter substrate.

 The pixel substrate includes a plurality of source lines and a plurality of gate lines that intersect each other, pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix, and a source line based on a signal voltage input from the gate lines. A switching element for switching the voltage applied to the pixel electrode from

 The counter substrate has a counter electrode facing the pixel electrode,

 The brightness of the liquid crystal layer becomes minimum when a black display voltage is applied between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode when displaying black, and is lower than the black display voltage between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode. The brightness of the liquid crystal layer increases even when a high voltage or a low voltage is applied, and the same voltage as the black display voltage is applied to the counter electrode. A liquid crystal display device according to a fourth invention that achieves the above object,

 A pixel substrate, a counter substrate facing the pixel substrate, and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pixel substrate and the counter substrate.

 The pixel substrate is formed based on a plurality of source lines and a plurality of gate lines crossing each other, pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix, and a signal voltage input from the gate line. A first switching element and a second switching element for switching a voltage applied from the source line to the first connection part and the second connection part, respectively, and an overlap film made of a light absorbing material. Prepared,

 The counter substrate includes a counter electrode facing the pixel electrode,

 At least a part of the overlap film is disposed so as to overlap the first connection portion, the second connection portion, and the pixel electrode, and the first connection portion and the pixel electrode are electrically connected. The second connection portion and the pixel electrode are insulated by the insulating layer.

Then, when the pixel electrode becomes a defective pixel in such a liquid crystal display device, a laser is applied to a wiring connecting the source line and the first connection portion, so that the wiring passes through the first switching element. Disconnect the connection between the source line and the pixel electrode By irradiating a laser to a portion overlapping the second connection portion and electrically connecting the second connection portion and the pixel electrode, the source line and the pixel electrode are connected via the second switching element. The liquid crystal display device can be repaired by making an electrical connection between the liquid crystal display device. The liquid crystal display device according to a fifth aspect of the present invention that achieves the above object,

 A pixel substrate, a counter substrate facing the pixel substrate, and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pixel substrate and the counter substrate.

 The pixel substrate includes a plurality of source lines and a plurality of gate lines crossing each other, pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix, and a source line based on a signal voltage input from the gate lines. A switching element for switching a voltage applied to a pixel electrode from a first storage capacitor film, a first storage capacitor film and a second storage capacitor film arranged so as to overlap with a gate line via an insulating layer, and a light-absorbing material. And an overlap film made of

 The counter substrate includes a counter electrode facing the pixel electrode,

 At least a portion of the overlap film is disposed so as to overlap the first auxiliary capacitance film, the second auxiliary capacitance film, and the pixel electrode, and electrically connects the first auxiliary capacitance film and the pixel electrode. The second auxiliary capacitance film and the pixel electrode are insulated by the insulating layer.

 In such a liquid crystal display device, when a pixel electrode becomes a defective pixel, the first auxiliary capacitance film is connected to the pixel electrode by irradiating a laser to the first overlapping capacitance film to irradiate the first pixel. By disconnecting the connection between the auxiliary capacitance film and the pixel electrode, and irradiating the laser to the overlap film in a portion overlapping the second auxiliary capacitance film, the connection between the second auxiliary capacitance film and the pixel electrode is reduced. Can be electrically connected to repair the LCD device. A liquid crystal display device according to a sixth invention that achieves the above object,

A pixel substrate, a counter substrate facing the pixel substrate, and a Comprising a sandwiched liquid crystal layer,

 The pixel substrate is formed in such a manner that a plurality of source lines and a plurality of gate lines intersecting with each other, a main pixel electrode arranged in a matrix, and a layer adjacent to the same layer as the main pixel electrode. A first auxiliary pixel electrode and a second auxiliary pixel electrode, and a switching element for switching a voltage applied from the source line to the main pixel electrode based on a signal voltage input from the gate line. A first auxiliary capacitance film and a second auxiliary capacitance film arranged so as to overlap with the gate line via an insulating layer,

 The counter substrate includes a counter electrode facing the pixel electrode,

 The first auxiliary pixel electrode and the main pixel electrode are electrically connected, and the second auxiliary pixel electrode and the main pixel electrode are insulated by an insulating layer.

 When the pixel electrode becomes a defective pixel in such a liquid crystal display device, a laser is irradiated between the first auxiliary pixel electrode and the main pixel electrode, thereby causing the first auxiliary pixel electrode to become defective. Disconnect the connection with the main pixel electrode,

 By irradiating a laser to the second auxiliary pixel electrode or the main pixel electrode, the liquid crystal display device can be repaired by connecting the second auxiliary pixel electrode and the main pixel electrode. A liquid crystal display device according to a seventh aspect of the present invention that achieves the above object,

 A pixel substrate, a counter substrate facing the pixel substrate, and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pixel substrate and the counter substrate.

 The pixel substrate is formed in such a manner that a plurality of source lines and a plurality of gate lines intersecting with each other, a main pixel electrode arranged in a matrix, and a layer close to the same layer as the main pixel electrode are formed. A voltage applied to the first auxiliary pixel electrode and the second auxiliary pixel electrode from the source line based on the signal voltage input from the first auxiliary pixel electrode and the second auxiliary pixel electrode and the gate line. A first switching element and a second switching element which are respectively switched, and a first auxiliary pixel electrode and a second auxiliary pixel which are arranged so as to overlap with a gate line via an insulating layer, respectively; A first auxiliary capacitance film and a second auxiliary capacitance film connected to the electrode;

The counter substrate includes a counter electrode facing the pixel electrode, The first auxiliary pixel electrode is connected to the main pixel electrode, and the second auxiliary pixel electrode is insulated from the main pixel electrode.

 In such a liquid crystal display device, when the pixel electrode becomes defective, the first auxiliary pixel electrode or the main pixel electrode is irradiated with laser so that the first auxiliary pixel electrode and the main pixel electrode are separated from each other. The connection between the source line and the pixel electrode via the first switching element is cut off by insulating them,

 By irradiating a laser to the second auxiliary pixel electrode or the main pixel electrode and connecting the second auxiliary pixel electrode and the main pixel electrode, the source line and the pixel electrode are connected to each other through the second switching element. The LCD can be repaired by connecting between

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a 0CB type liquid crystal display device. Here, FIG. 1 (a) shows the splay alignment state, and FIG. 1 (b) shows the bend alignment state.

 Figure 2 shows the voltage (arbitrary unit) -brightness (arbitrary unit) characteristic curves for (a) a normally white TN liquid crystal display, (b) a normally white OCB liquid crystal display, and c) A graph showing a normally black OCB liquid crystal display device.

 FIG. 3A is a plan view schematically showing a pixel configuration in the liquid crystal display device (first invention) according to the first embodiment. Fig. 3 (b) is a characteristic curve of voltage (arbitrary unit) and luminance (arbitrary unit) in a normally-one-white type OCB type liquid crystal display device.

 FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XI-XI ′ of FIG.

 FIG. 5A is a circuit diagram schematically illustrating a pixel configuration of the liquid crystal display device according to the first invention. Figure 5 (b) is a characteristic curve of voltage (arbitrary unit) and luminance (arbitrary unit) of a normally-one-white OCB type liquid crystal display device.

FIG. 6A shows an image in the liquid crystal display device according to the second embodiment (second invention). FIG. 3 is a plan view schematically showing an elementary configuration. FIG. 6 (b) is a voltage (arbitrary unit) -brightness (arbitrary unit) characteristic curve in a normally white 〇 CB type liquid crystal display device.

 FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X 2 -X 2 ′ of FIG.

 FIG. 8A is a circuit diagram schematically illustrating a pixel configuration of the liquid crystal display device according to the second invention. Figure 8 (b) shows the voltage (arbitrary unit) -brightness (arbitrary unit) characteristic curve for a normally-white OCB liquid crystal display device.

 FIG. 9 is a plan view schematically showing a pixel configuration in a liquid crystal display device (a fourth invention) according to a fourth embodiment.

 FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X 3 -X 3 ′ of FIG.

 FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X4-X4 'of FIG.

 FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram schematically illustrating a pixel configuration of a liquid crystal display device for explaining the fourth and fifth inventions.

 FIG. 13 is a plan view schematically showing a pixel configuration in a liquid crystal display device (a fifth invention) according to the fifth embodiment.

 FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X5-X5 'of FIG.

 FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X6-X6 'of FIG.

 FIG. 16 is a plan view schematically showing a pixel configuration in a liquid crystal display device (sixth invention) according to Embodiment 6.

 FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X 7 -X 7 ′ of FIG.

 FIG. 18 is a plan view schematically showing a pixel configuration in the liquid crystal display device (seventh invention) according to the seventh embodiment.

 FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X8-X8 'of FIG.

 FIG. 20 is a plan view schematically showing a pixel configuration in the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

 FIG. 21 is a plan view showing a pixel electrode of the liquid crystal display device described in FIG. 1 of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 4 (1995) -43219.

FIG. 22 is a plan view showing a pixel electrode of the liquid crystal display device described in FIG. 1 of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-32805, which is a conventional technique. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

 (Embodiment 1)

 FIG. 3 (a) is a plan view schematically showing a pixel configuration in the liquid crystal display device (first invention) according to Embodiment 1, and FIG. 4 is a plan view of XI—XI in FIG. 3 (a). 'It is a cross-sectional view at the cross section. The liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment includes source lines 30 la and 30 lb, and gate lines 30 2 a and 30 2 b substantially orthogonal to the source lines 301 a and 301 b. And a TFT 303 serving as a switching element, a pixel electrode 304, an auxiliary capacitance line 308, an overlap film 601, and a signal control wiring 604.

 FIG. 5A is a circuit diagram schematically illustrating a pixel configuration of the liquid crystal display device according to the first invention. Although FIG. 5A shows only one pixel area, such pixels are arranged in a matrix. This is the same in the following description.

As shown, the source terminal 303 x of the TFT 303 is connected to the source line 30 la, the gate terminal 303 y is connected to the gate line 302 a, and the drain terminal 0 3 z is connected to the pixel electrode 304. Further, the auxiliary capacitance line 308 is arranged between two adjacent gate lines 302a and 302b. Further, a main capacitance (C _LC ) ₃₀₇ which is a capacitance of the liquid crystal layer is formed between the pixel electrode 304 and the counter electrode 306. The auxiliary capacitance (C _sl ) ₃₀₅ assists the main capacitance (C _LC ) 307, and is placed between two adjacent gate lines 302 a and 302 b. It is formed between the auxiliary capacitance line 308 and the pixel electrode 304. A source signal is transmitted to the source lines 301a and 301, and a gate signal is transmitted to the gate lines 302a and 302b. The source signal is a signal corresponding to the luminance level of the display in each pixel region, and is transmitted to the pixel electrode 304 in each pixel region at a predetermined writing frequency. The gate signal is transmitted to the TFT 304 at a specific timing in order to transmit a source signal corresponding to the pixel electrode 304 in each pixel region. Is a signal for performing switching. In FIG. 3A, the counter electrode 306 is omitted.

 As shown in the figure, the overlap film 601 in the liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1 is disposed so as to overlap the pixel electrode 304 and the auxiliary capacitance line 308, and FIG. As shown in the figure, the pixel electrode 304 and the auxiliary capacitance line 308 are insulated by the insulating layer 701.

 In the first embodiment, when the pixel electrode 304 becomes a defective pixel due to abnormal operation of the TFT 303 or the like, a laser is irradiated to the overlapping film 601 of the defective pixel, and the fusion connection receiving the laser is performed. In part A, the insulating layer 701 between the pixel electrode 304 and the auxiliary capacitance line 308 shown in FIG. 4 is melted, and the space between the pixel electrode 304 and the auxiliary capacitance line 308 shown in FIG. Connecting.

 When driving the liquid crystal display device, a driving means (not shown) for controlling the driving of the liquid crystal layer is connected to the pixel electrode 304 of the defective pixel as shown in FIG. 5 (b) and FIG. 3 (b). A voltage adjusted to the black display voltage Vb is applied to the stored auxiliary capacitance line 308. Thereby, it is possible to make the display of the defective pixel black and to make the defective pixel inconspicuous. In the first embodiment, a driving condition of applying a voltage of 6.5 V to 7.5 V as the black display voltage Vb to the auxiliary capacitance line 308 is effective, and the defective pixel is not effectively inconspicuous. We were able to.

According to the liquid crystal display device of the first aspect, when a defective pixel is generated due to an abnormal operation of a switching element such as a TFT 303, the laser is applied to the above overlap film 601 of the defective pixel, and the It can be repaired by melting the insulating layer between the electrode 304 and the auxiliary capacitance line 308 and connecting the pixel electrode 304 and the auxiliary capacitance line 308 . Thus, a desired voltage can be applied to the pixel electrode 304 via the auxiliary capacitance line 308. By applying a black display voltage Vb between the pixel electrode 304 and the counter electrode 303 during driving of the liquid crystal display device: the display of the defective pixel can be reliably made inconspicuous as black. .場合 In the case of a CB type liquid crystal display device, the black display voltage Vb is generally 6.5 V-7, 5 V, depending on the retardation value of the phase difference plate and the like. For example, the voltage applied to the counter electrode 306 is set to a constant value of 0 V, and the auxiliary capacitance line 308 May be varied with an amplitude of 6.5 to 7.5 V. It is necessary that the storage capacitor line 308 and the counter electrode 306 be insulated reliably in order to apply a desired voltage to the liquid crystal layer.

 In general, a transparent electrode such as ITO (Indium T in Oxide) is used for the pixel electrode 304, and the energy of the irradiated laser is hardly absorbed by the pixel electrode 304. The overlap film 601 made of a light-absorbing material is desirably formed of a metal or the like that absorbs the light energy of the irradiated laser well and melts.

 The transparent film 600 may be directly disposed on the upper surface of the pixel electrode 304 without interposing the insulating layer 71 shown in FIG. According to this, the same effect as above can be obtained.

 The transparent film 601 is formed between the pixel electrode 304 made of a transparent electrode and the auxiliary capacitance line 308 by the metal layer left when the source lines 301 a and 301 b are formed. It may be located. In this case, the laser passes through the pixel electrode 304 composed of a transparent electrode, and is formed by a metal parallel film 601 disposed between the pixel electrode 304 and the auxiliary capacitance line 308. Absorbed, the surrounding insulating layer is melted, and the pixel electrode 304 and the auxiliary capacitance line 308 can be electrically connected.

 When the pixel electrode 304 is made of aluminum or the like and used as a reflective electrode, as in a reflective liquid crystal display device, when the pixel electrode 30 overlaps with the auxiliary capacitance line 308, the overlap film 601 is formed. Will also serve as a role. That is, in this case, it is not necessary to form the overlap film 601 separately from the pixel electrode 304. In addition, as an OCB mode liquid crystal suitable for a reflection type liquid crystal display device, R-OCB (Refrecutive-OCB) is known.

Before the pixel is repaired, the pixel electrode 304 and the storage capacitor line 308 are insulated from each other, and a storage capacitor (C _sl ) ₃₀₅ is formed between the two. In this case, when the voltage applied to the auxiliary capacitance line 308 is changed, the potential of the pixel electrode 304 changes under the influence of the change. Therefore, when the writing frequency of the voltage applied to the pixel electrode 304 and the restoration frequency of the voltage applied to the auxiliary capacitance line 308 match each other, the brightness at the upper and lower portions of the display screen of the liquid crystal display device is reduced. Different brightness Tilt may occur.

 Therefore, the liquid crystal display device according to the first aspect of the present invention further includes a driving unit that controls driving of the liquid crystal layer, wherein the driving unit outputs a voltage having a frequency different from the frequency of the voltage applied to the pixel electrode. Preferably, the voltage is applied to the auxiliary capacitance line. The voltage applied to the auxiliary capacitance line is preferably the black display voltage Vb, which can prevent the occurrence of a luminance gradient.

 In Embodiment 1, the writing frequency was set to 30 Hz in which 60 display screens were written in both positive and negative polarities per second in order to avoid the above-mentioned luminance gradient. The restoration frequency for changing the voltage applied to the auxiliary capacitance line 308 was set to 300 Hz, which is higher than the writing frequency. As described above, it is preferable that the driving unit applies a voltage different from the frequency of the voltage applied to the pixel electrode, in particular, a voltage having a frequency lower than the writing frequency to the auxiliary capacitance line. A good screen display can be obtained by setting the frequency of the voltage applied to the auxiliary capacitance line 308 to five times or more the writing frequency which is the frequency of the voltage applied to the pixel electrode.

 The frequency of the voltage applied to the auxiliary capacitance line is more preferably five times or more the frequency of the voltage applied to the pixel electrode. As a result, flickering of the screen is prevented, and a better screen display is obtained.

If the capacity of the storage capacitor is not sufficient, an additional storage capacitor may be further formed between any one of the two gate lines defining the pixel region and the pixel electrode to reduce the storage capacity. We can make up for it. The gate line forming the additional storage capacitor is preferably a preceding gate line which is not connected to the switching element corresponding to the pixel region. That is, in FIG. 5 (a), in order to compensate for the insufficient capacity of the auxiliary capacitance (C _sl ) ₃₀₅ , an additional auxiliary capacitance (shown in FIG. May be further formed, and these may be used in combination. This makes it possible to use an additional storage capacitor (not shown) in the former gate line 302 b together, and to supplement the storage capacitor (C _sl ) ₃₀₅ in the storage capacitor line _308. It becomes possible.

As shown, the gate line 302a controls the gate terminal of the TFT303. Then, the signal control wiring 604 is connected to the T The source terminal of FT303 is connected to the source line 301a, and the drain terminal is connected to the pixel electrode 304 via the pixel electrode connection portion 603.

 When an abnormal operation of TFT303 occurs, the control of the gate line 302a becomes invalid, and the source terminal and the drain terminal may be electrically connected. At this time, the source line 301a and the pixel electrode 304 are short-circuited regardless of the timing of the gate signal. Therefore, when the defective pixel is repaired, the pixel electrode 304 and the storage capacitor are connected as described above. In addition to the connection between the line 3 08 and the TFT 3 0 3, the connection between the pixel electrode 3 04 and the source line 3 0 1 a by the TFT 3 0 3 should be cut off to isolate the faulty TFT 3 0 3. Is desirable.

 Note that, in the first embodiment, between the white display voltage Vh and the black display voltage Vb, the drive voltage applied between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode decreases as the voltage increases. The OCB type liquid crystal display device in the normally single white mode has been described as an example, but the present invention is also applicable to a normally black mode OCB type liquid crystal display device whose characteristics are shown in FIG. 2 (c). In this case, between the white display voltage V h and the black display voltage V b, if the driving voltage applied between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode is set to a low voltage, the brightness decreases, and the black display voltage V b Has a minimum value, and when the voltage is further reduced, the luminance increases.

(Embodiment 2)

 FIG. 6 (a) is a plan view schematically showing a pixel configuration in a liquid crystal display device (second invention) according to Embodiment 2, and FIG. 7 is a plan view of X 2− in FIG. 6 (a). FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the X 2 ′ cross section. The liquid crystal display device according to the second embodiment includes source lines 30 la and 301 b and gate lines 30 2 a and 30 2 substantially orthogonal to the source lines 301 a and 301 b. b, a TFT 303 serving as a switching element, a pixel electrode 304, a parallel film 801, and a signal control wiring 604. In FIG. 6A, the counter electrode 306 and the like are omitted.

FIG. 8A is a circuit diagram schematically showing a pixel configuration of the liquid crystal display device according to the second invention. The pixel configuration shown in FIG. 8A does not have the storage capacitor line ₃₀₈ shown in FIG. 5A, and the storage capacitor (C _sl ) ₃₀₅ a is connected to the gate line ₃₀₂ b and the pixel electrode. Formed between 3 and 4. Other configurations are the same as those shown in FIG. 5 (a). The gate line forming the auxiliary capacitance (C _st ) ₃₀₅ a is a switch corresponding to the pixel region among the two gate lines 302 a and 302 b defining the pixel region. It is preferable that the former gate line 302 b is a gate line to which the switching element 303 is not connected.

 As shown in the figure, the overlap film 801 in the liquid crystal display device according to the second embodiment is disposed so as to overlap with the previous gate line 302b and the pixel electrode 304. As shown in FIG. 7, the pixel electrode 304 and the overlap film 801 are connected at the overlap film connecting portion C, but are connected to the gate line 310 b in the preceding stage and the overlap. It is insulated from the single wrap film 8 0 1 by a fusion connection B. The optical characteristics of the overlap film 801 are the same as in the first embodiment.

 In the second embodiment, when a defective pixel is generated due to an abnormal operation of the TFT 303 or the like, the overlapping film 801 of the defective pixel is irradiated with a laser, and the overlapped film is melted at the fusion connection portion B receiving the laser. The insulating layer 9 0 1 and the overlap film 8 0 1 that insulate the connection between the pixel electrode 3 0 4 and the gate line 3 0 2 b of the previous stage via 8 0 1 are melted and the overlap film 8 is melted. Connect between 0 1 and the previous gate line 302 b. Since the overlapping film 801 and the pixel electrode 304 are connected at the overlap film connecting portion C, as a result, the gate line 302b and the pixel electrode 304 in the preceding stage are connected. Will be connected between them.

 Thus, in another embodiment using the TN-type liquid crystal display device having no luminance floating characteristic described above, defective pixels can be reliably displayed black and the defective pixels can be made inconspicuous.

 However, in the second embodiment, a liquid crystal display device having a brightness floating characteristic as in the above-described OCB type liquid crystal display device, that is, in a state where no voltage is applied between the pixel electrode 304 and the counter electrode 310. The liquid crystal molecules are in splay alignment, are in bend alignment by applying a transition voltage, and are driven in a bend alignment state by application of a driving voltage.

As described above, the absolute values of the gate lines 302a and 302b are generally black. A voltage higher than the display voltage is applied. The voltage applied to the gate lines 302 a and 302 b is at the 1 ow level most of the time, and the pixel electrode 3 connected to the gate lines 302 a and 302 b High level only when 04 is selected. This is because, in a defective pixel that should display black, the applied voltage that affects the luminance is temporally averaged to be about 1 ow level, ie, about 15 V.

 According to the liquid crystal display device of the second invention, when the pixel electrode 304 becomes a defective pixel due to abnormal operation of the TFT 303, etc., the laser is applied to the overlapping film 801 of the defective pixel. To melt the insulating layer between the pixel electrode 304 and the former gate line 302 b, thereby connecting the pixel electrode 304 and the gate line 302 b. It can be repaired.

 Generally, the gate lines 302a and 302b are connected to a period during which the switching element 303 is turned on (in this period, about +15 V is applied to the gate line 302a). Since the voltage of a large absolute value, such as about 15 V, is applied to turn off the switching element 303, the gate line 302a, When 302b is connected to the pixel electrode 304 of the defective pixel, a voltage higher than the threshold voltage Vt2 on the high voltage side is applied to a TN-type liquid crystal display device or the like having no luminance floating characteristics described above. As a result (see Fig. 2 (a)), the display of defective pixels can be reliably made black and the defective pixels can be made inconspicuous.

 On the other hand, in the 0 CB type liquid crystal display device, if the black display voltage is 6.5 to 7.5 V, a voltage whose absolute value is higher than the black display voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer, so Defective pixels cannot be displayed in black due to the floating characteristics (see Fig. 2 (b)). Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 8 (b) and 6 (b), when the second invention is applied to the OCB type liquid crystal display device, when the switching element 303 is turned off, the gate line is turned off. Is configured to substantially match the voltage applied to the black display voltage.

By applying a voltage equal to or higher than the black display voltage to the gate line 302b connected to the pixel electrode 304 of the defective pixel during driving, the display of the defective pixel can be reliably changed to black. Defective pixels could be made inconspicuous. In particular, when the average voltage applied to the gate line 302 b from the driving means is 15 V, the liquid crystal layer When the sum of the retardation value of the retardation plate and the retardation value of the retardation plate was 30 nm or less, defective pixels could be effectively made inconspicuous. In this case, the driving voltage is preferably, for example, 6.0 to 7.0 V, and thereby the liquid crystal display device can be operated satisfactorily.

 In order to more effectively suppress the luminance floating characteristic, a driving means (not shown) for controlling the driving of the liquid crystal layer is further provided, and at least one of the pixel substrate and the counter substrate is provided with a phase difference plate (not shown). Is preferably provided.

 In the OCB-type liquid crystal display device shown in Fig. 1, when a black display voltage is applied, the retardation value of the liquid crystal layer 105 and the pixel substrate 102a and the counter substrate 102b are arranged respectively. The retardation values of the retardation plates 103a and 103b are designed so that the retardation sum, which is a value that is offset by the retardation values, is minimized. That is, it is designed such that the luminance, which is a function of the total retardation, becomes lowest when a black display voltage is applied. The retardation value can be expressed as a product of the refractive index anisotropy (Δη) and the thickness (d) in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the pixel substrate 102 a or the counter substrate 102 b.

 Also, the change in the retardation value of the liquid crystal layer due to the applied voltage becomes gentler as the driving voltage is higher. Since the retardation value of the retardation plate is not affected by the applied voltage, the change in luminance due to the applied voltage becomes gentler as the driving voltage is higher. Therefore, by increasing the drive voltage, it is possible to suppress the brightness floating characteristic as shown by the characteristic curve 202 in FIG.

Therefore, in the liquid crystal layer, the liquid crystal molecules are splay-aligned when no voltage is applied between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode, and the liquid crystal layer is driven into a bend alignment by applying a transition voltage, and is driven in a bend-aligned state by applying a driving voltage. Preferably, the liquid crystal display device further includes a driving unit for controlling driving of the liquid crystal layer, and a retardation plate is provided on at least one of the pixel substrate and the counter substrate. When the average voltage applied from the driving means to the gate line is 15 V, the retardation sum of the retardation value of the liquid crystal layer and the retardation value of the retardation plate is It is desirable that the thickness be 30 nm or less. Thereby, the repaired defective pixel can be made inconspicuous. The driving voltage in this case is, for example, For example, the voltage is preferably set to 6.0 to 7.0 V, whereby the liquid crystal display device can be operated satisfactorily.

 Further, in the liquid crystal layer, the liquid crystal molecules are in a splay alignment in a state where no voltage is applied between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode, are in a bend alignment by applying a transition voltage, and are bend by applying a driving voltage. In the liquid crystal display device driven in the alignment state, the liquid crystal display device further includes a driving unit for controlling driving of the liquid crystal layer, and a retardation plate is provided on at least one of the pixel substrate and the counter substrate. It is preferable that the retardation value of the liquid crystal layer and the retardation value of the retardation plate be set so that the average voltage applied to the gate line from the driving means is in the range of 12.5 V to 13.5 V. It is desirable that the total sum of the sunset and the data value is 30 nm or less. Also in this case, the liquid crystal display device can be satisfactorily operated while making the repaired defective pixels inconspicuous.

 In the second embodiment, the total retardation is set to any value of 10 to 30 nm, and the absolute value of the temporal average value is applied to the gate lines 302 a and 302 b during driving. A voltage having any value of 14.5 to 15.5 V was applied, and the drive voltage was set to any value of 6.5 to 7.5 V. At this time, a 15 nm retardation plate was placed on each of the upper and lower sides of the liquid crystal panel so as to overlap the pixel substrate and the opposing substrate. With such a design, the liquid crystal display device was able to operate normally while making the repaired defective pixels inconspicuous.

 Further, a 10 nm retardation plate may be disposed on each of the upper and lower sides of the liquid crystal panel, and the total retardation may be set to 20 nm or less. As a result, even in the image display mode, the display of the defective pixel was surely set to black, and the defective pixel could be made inconspicuous.

As described above, in order to suppress the luminance floating characteristics, the effective driving voltage is reduced due to the relatively large anisotropy 誘 電 ε of the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal layer, for example, 7.8. Adjusting the sunset value is more effective than doing it. 'However, by reducing the absolute value of the voltage applied to the gate lines 302a and 302b and approaching the black display voltage, that is, by adjusting the drive voltage, the luminance floating characteristics can be suppressed. Good. In the case of this embodiment, When the average voltage applied to the gate line is in the range of 12.5 V to 13.5 V, the difference between the retardation value of the liquid crystal layer and the retardation value of the phase difference plate is reduced. The sum of one section was set to 30 nm or less. With this design, the liquid crystal display device can be operated normally while making the repaired defective pixel inconspicuous.

 Further, the capacitance between the overlap film 801 and the gate line 302b in the preceding stage may be used as the auxiliary capacitance. Thus, the limited area in the pixel region can be effectively used to form the storage capacitor.

 It should be noted that the arrangement of the fusion joint B and the overlap film joint C may be interchanged, or the overlap film joint C may be a fusion joint that melts by laser irradiation. This makes it possible to adapt the second invention to a wide variety of manufacturing processes.

 Further, the overlap film 801 may be formed directly on the upper surface of the pixel electrode 304. The source lines 301 a and 301 b may be formed below the pixel electrode 304 except for the metal layer at the time of formation. The overlap film 801 may be formed integrally with the pixel electrode 304 or the preceding gate line 302b. Thus, the second invention can be adapted to a wide variety of manufacturing processes. In the second embodiment, the source lines 301a and 301b can be connected to the pixel electrodes 304 instead of the gate line 302b in the preceding stage. Although not shown, at this time, an overlap film (not shown) covers each of the pixel electrode 304 and the source lines 310a and 301b, and is irradiated by a laser. The defective pixel is repaired by electrically connecting the pixel electrode and the source line. Source signals corresponding to display data relating to pixels arranged in the vertical direction on the display screen are transmitted to the source lines. Therefore, the average value of the voltage applied to the pixel electrodes of the pixels arranged in the vertical direction is applied to the defective pixel. Therefore, the display of defective pixels can be made brighter on a bright screen and darker on a dark screen, and the display of defective pixels can be adjusted to the display state of the screen.

(Embodiment 3) The third invention is directed to a liquid crystal display device in which liquid crystal molecules in a liquid crystal layer are in a splay alignment state or a bend alignment state, such as an OCB type liquid crystal display device. By applying a spontaneous black display voltage that is substantially equal to the transition voltage, when there is a defective pixel in which the switching element does not conduct and no voltage is applied to the pixel electrode, the defective pixel is spontaneously removed. The display can be reliably made black, and defective pixels can be made inconspicuous.

 In the OCB type liquid crystal display device whose luminance-voltage characteristics are shown in FIG. 2, if the switching element does not conduct and no voltage is applied to the pixel electrode, the potential becomes 0 V. If no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal molecules, the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules becomes the splay alignment state shown in (a) of FIG.

 Therefore, by constantly applying the black display voltage Vb to the counter electrode, the voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer even when there is a pixel electrode which is a defective pixel to which no voltage is applied because the switching element does not conduct. As a result, the liquid crystal molecules can be prevented from being in the splay alignment state, and defective pixels can be made inconspicuous.

 In a normally black type OCB type liquid crystal display device, the voltage applied to the counter electrode preferably has a frequency in the range of 25 to 35 Hz and a voltage amplitude in the range of 2.5 V.

(Embodiment 4)

 When repairing defective pixels due to abnormal operation of switching elements such as TFTs that control pixels or short-circuiting of auxiliary capacitors that maintain the pixel display state, the display of defective pixels should be made inconspicuous by ensuring that the display of the defective pixels is black However, if a more complete restoration is desired, it is preferable to restore completely to a good pixel that works properly. The fourth invention, the fifth invention, the sixth invention and the seventh invention have been made from such a viewpoint.

In the fourth embodiment, for a defective pixel caused by an abnormal operation of a switching element such as a TFT, the defective pixel is repaired by replacing the TFT itself with a new TFT. That is, instead of making the display of defective pixels inconspicuous, Completely restores good pixels to work.

 FIG. 9 is a plan view schematically showing a pixel configuration in a liquid crystal display device (fourth invention) according to Embodiment 4, and FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X 3 -X 3 ′ in FIG. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X 4 —X 4 ′ of FIG. As shown in the figure, the liquid crystal display device according to the fourth embodiment (fourth invention) includes source lines 301 a and 301 b, and gate lines 302 a and 302 b. A first TFT 303 a and a second TFT 303 b which are a first switching element and a second switching element, a pixel electrode 304, and a first overlap layer 100. 4 and signal control wiring 100 1. These are the same as those shown in FIG. 12, and Embodiment 4 shows the embodiment according to the above-described fourth invention. Although not shown here, a counter electrode 306 and the like are also provided. The signal control wiring 100 1 is connected to the source line 3 O la at the signal control wiring connection section 100 2, and the first TFT 303 a and the second TFT 303 b are connected to the gate. The voltage applied from the source line 301 a to the first connection portion 103 based on the signal voltage input from the G line, and the voltage applied from the source line 301 a to the second connection portion 502 The voltage applied to the signal control wiring 1001 is switched.

 The first overwrap layer 104 is made of a light-absorbing material such as a metal, and has a first connection portion 1003, a second connection portion 502, and a pixel electrode 304. The first connection portion 1003 and the pixel electrode 304 are electrically connected to each other via the pixel electrode connection portion 105 so as to overlap with each other. In addition, the second connection portion 502 and the pixel electrode 304 are insulated by the insulating layer 111 shown in FIG. Therefore, in a normal state, the first TFT 303 a operates as the TFT 303 shown in FIG. 8A that switches between the source line 30 la and the pixel electrode 304. On the other hand, the second TFT 303 b is disconnected from the pixel electrode 304 by the second connection portion 502.

In the fourth embodiment, when a defective pixel is generated due to an abnormal operation of the first TFT 303a, first, the first TFT cutting section 501 on the signal control wiring 1001 shown in FIG. To cut off the connection between the source line 301 a and the pixel electrode 304 by the failed first TFT 303 a, and the source via the second TFT 303 b. The second connecting portion 502 that insulates between the line 301 a and the pixel electrode 304 is irradiated with laser, and the new second TFT 303 b is used to irradiate the source line 301 a with the source line 310 a. It is connected to the pixel electrode 304.

 As a result, the process of disconnecting the failed first TFT 303a from the pixel electrode 304 and connecting the new second TFT 303b to the pixel electrode 304 can be easily performed. Defective pixels due to abnormalities in the switching element can be completely restored to normal pixels. By providing the second connection portion 502 between the signal control wiring 1001 and the first overlap layer 1004, connection by laser irradiation becomes easy.

 The first cutting section 501 is connected from the source line 301 of the signal control wiring 101 to the first TFT connecting section 103 via the first TFT 303a. The second TFT on the path from the first TFT connecting portion 1003 to the pixel electrode connecting portion 105 in the first overlap layer 1004. It is preferable to protect the circuit from the source line 301 to the pixel electrode 304 via the layer 303 b. In addition, the second connection section 502 insulates any one between the source line 301 and the second TFT 303 b and between the second TFT 303 b and the pixel electrode 304. However, any material may be used as long as it is melted by laser irradiation and connects the insulating portions.

FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram schematically illustrating a pixel configuration of a liquid crystal display device for explaining the fourth and fifth inventions. As shown in the figure, the liquid crystal display device includes source lines 301 a and 301 b, a gate line 302 a, a preceding gate line 302 b, and a pixel electrode 310. 4 and a counter electrode 300, which are the same as those of the liquid crystal display device shown in FIG. 5 (a) or FIG. 8 (a). The liquid crystal display device according to the fourth aspect of the present invention is different from the liquid crystal display device of FIG. 8A in that the first TFT 303 and the second switching element are replaced by a first TFT 303 a shown in FIG. And a second TFT 303 b. The source line 301a and the pixel electrode 304 are electrically connected via the first TFT 303a, and the source line 301a via the second TFT 303b. The pixel electrode 304 and the pixel electrode 304 are insulated at the second TFT insulating section 502. Therefore, under normal conditions, the first TFT 303a operates as the TFT 303 shown in FIG. 8 (a). I do.

 When a defective pixel is generated due to an abnormal operation of the first TFT 303 a or the like, an arbitrary portion of the wiring connecting the source line 301 a and the pixel electrode 304 is irradiated with a laser, and the first TFT 303 The connection between the source line 301a and the pixel electrode 304 via the 0.3a is cut off (the cut-out portion 501 in FIG. 12). Then, the second TFT insulating section 502 is irradiated with a laser to electrically connect the source line 301 a via the second TFT 303 b to the pixel electrode 304. This makes it possible to completely repair a defective pixel due to an abnormality of the switching element to a normal pixel.

(Embodiment 5)

 In the fifth embodiment, in a defective pixel caused by a short-circuit of an auxiliary capacitance, the defective pixel is repaired by replacing the auxiliary capacitance itself with a new auxiliary capacitance. That is, instead of making the display of the defective pixel inconspicuous, it is completely restored to a normally operating good pixel.

 FIG. 13 is a plan view schematically showing a pixel configuration in the liquid crystal display device (the fifth invention) according to the fifth embodiment, and FIG. 14 is a view showing X 5 —X 5 ′ in FIG. FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view taken along a cross section. FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X 6 -X 6 ′ of FIG.

The liquid crystal display device according to the fifth embodiment (fifth invention) includes a source line 301a, 301b, a gate line 302a, 302b, and a TFT serving as a switching element. It includes a pixel electrode 304, a pixel electrode 304, a second overlap layer 1303, and a signal control wiring 604. In the fifth embodiment, the auxiliary capacitance line 308 is used in place of the former gate line 302 b, but these are the same as those shown in FIG. The fifth embodiment shows the embodiment according to the fifth invention described above. Although omitted here, a counter electrode 306 and the like are also provided. The liquid crystal display device according to the fifth embodiment (fifth invention) includes a first auxiliary capacitance film 130 arranged so as to overlap with the gate line 302 a via the insulating layer 140 1. 1 a and a second auxiliary capacitance film 130 lb. And .. the first storage capacitor film 1301a is connected to the storage capacitor line _{308 by a} first storage capacitor (C _sll ) 30 _5b, and the second storage capacitor film _1301b forms a second storage capacitor (C _sl2 ) _305c with the storage capacitor line ₃₀₈ (see FIG. ₁₂ ). ).

 The second overlap layer 1303 is made of a light-absorbing material, and overlaps the first auxiliary capacitance film 1301a, the second auxiliary capacitance film 1301b, and the pixel electrode 304. And is connected to the pixel electrode 340 via the pixel electrode connection portion 134.

As shown in FIG. 15, the first auxiliary capacitance film 130 la is connected to the second overlap layer 130 3 via the first auxiliary capacitance connection portion 1302. Therefore, it is connected to the pixel electrode. However, the connection between the second storage capacitor film 1301 and the pixel electrode 304 is insulated by the second storage capacitor insulating portion 504. Therefore, only the first auxiliary capacitance (C _su ) ₃₀₅ b operates as an auxiliary capacitance, and the second auxiliary capacitance (C _sl2 ) ₃₀₅ c is in a disconnected state.

In the fifth embodiment, when a defective pixel is generated due to a short circuit of the first auxiliary capacitance (C _sll ) ₃₀₅ b, a _gap between the first auxiliary capacitance film 1301 a and the pixel electrode ₃₀₄ is generated. By irradiating a laser to the first auxiliary capacitance cutting 503 provided on the second overlap layer 1303, the first auxiliary capacitance film 1303a and the pixel electrode 304 are illuminated. Is disconnected, and the second auxiliary capacitance insulating section 5 provided on the second overlap layer 1303 that insulates the second auxiliary capacitance film 1301b from the pixel electrode 304. By irradiating a laser beam to the second auxiliary capacitance film 1301b and the pixel electrode 304, the second auxiliary capacitance film 1301b is connected to the pixel electrode 304. More thereto, cutting the first auxiliary capacitor (C _sn) 3 0 5 b shorted, the second auxiliary capacitor _{(C st 2) 3 0 5} c can be connected as an auxiliary capacitor, the defective pixel to the normal It can be completely restored to a good working pixel. In this way, the second connection between the pixel electrode 304 and the first storage capacitor film 1301a and the connection between the pixel electrode 304 and the second storage capacitor insulating portion 504 are performed. The provision of the two layers 1303 facilitates connection by laser irradiation.

The second auxiliary capacitance insulating section 504 insulates between the second auxiliary capacitance film 1301b and the pixel electrode 304 and melts by laser irradiation to connect the insulating portions. Anything is acceptable. Note that the first auxiliary capacitance disconnecting section 503 is connected to the first auxiliary capacitance connecting section 1 of the second overlap layer 1303 in order to isolate a short-circuited portion that causes a defective pixel. On the path from 302 to the pixel electrode connection section 134, it is preferable to provide the path from the second auxiliary capacitance insulating section 504 to the pixel electrode connection section 134 while protecting the path.

Further, the liquid crystal display device according to the fifth aspect of the present invention includes the first auxiliary capacitance film and the second auxiliary capacitance film, whereby the auxiliary capacitance C _sl ) ₃₀₅ a shown in FIG. instead, the first auxiliary capacitor (C _sll) 3 0 5 b and the second auxiliary capacitor (C _sl2) and a 3 0 5 c. The first auxiliary capacitance film 1301a is electrically connected to the pixel electrode 304, and a second auxiliary capacitance is provided between the second auxiliary capacitance film 1301b and the pixel electrode 304. Insulated by 504. Therefore, the first auxiliary capacitance (C _sU ) ₃₀₅ b operates as the auxiliary capacitance (C _sl ) ₃₀₅ a shown in FIG. When I Ri defective pixel by shorting of the first auxiliary capacitor (C _sll) 3 0 5 b is generated, the first auxiliary capacitor (C _sll) 3 0 first to form a 5 b of the auxiliary capacitor film 1 3 0 1 a An arbitrary portion of the wiring connecting the pixel electrode 304 and the pixel electrode 304 is irradiated with a laser to cut off the connection between the first auxiliary capacitance film and the pixel electrode. Then, the second auxiliary capacitance insulating section ₅₀₄ is irradiated with a laser, and the second auxiliary capacitance film 13 lb forming the second auxiliary capacitance (C _sl2 ) 3 ₀₅ c and the pixel electrode 304 are formed. Is electrically connected to This makes it possible to completely repair a defective pixel due to an abnormality in the storage capacitance to a normal pixel. The first auxiliary capacitor (C _sll) 3 0 5 b and the second auxiliary capacity _{(C sl2) 3 0 5 c} , in place of the auxiliary capacitance line 3 0 8, the gate lines 3 0 2 b and the pixel electrode 3 0 It is also possible to form between 4.

(Embodiment 6)

 FIG. 16 is a plan view schematically showing a pixel configuration in a liquid crystal display device (sixth invention) according to Embodiment 6, and FIG. 17 is a view showing a portion of X 7 -X 7 ′ in FIG. It is a sectional view in a section.

As in the case of the fifth embodiment, the liquid crystal display device according to the sixth embodiment (sixth invention) includes a source line 301a, 301b and a gate line 302a, 30b. 2 b and A TFT 303 serving as an switching element and a signal control wiring 604 are provided. In the sixth embodiment, the auxiliary capacitance line 308 is used in place of the former gate line 302 b, but these are the same as those shown in FIG. Embodiment 6 shows the above-described embodiment according to the sixth invention. Although not shown here, a counter electrode 306 and the like are also provided.

The liquid crystal display device according to the sixth embodiment (sixth invention) includes a first auxiliary capacitance film 160 arranged so as to overlap with the gate line 302 a via the insulating layer 170 1. 1 a and a second auxiliary capacitance film 1601 b. The first auxiliary capacitance film _1601a forms a first auxiliary capacitance (C _sll ) _305b with the auxiliary capacitance line ₃₀₈ , and the second auxiliary capacitance film 160 _1b forms a second storage capacitor (C _si2 ) _305c with the storage capacitor line ₃₀₈ . This is the same as in the fifth embodiment.

 However, the liquid crystal display device according to the sixth embodiment (sixth invention) has a structure in which the main pixel electrode 304 ′ arranged in each pixel region and the main pixel electrode 304 ′ are close to the same layer. It has a first auxiliary pixel electrode 304 b and a second auxiliary pixel electrode 304 a formed. Then, at the cutting line 503 'between the first auxiliary pixel electrode 304b and the main pixel electrode 304', the first auxiliary pixel electrode 304b and the main pixel electrode 304 ' Are electrically connected to each other, and the second auxiliary capacitance insulating section 504 between the second auxiliary pixel electrode 304 a and the main pixel electrode 304 ′ has a second auxiliary pixel. The electrode 304 a and the main pixel electrode 304 ′ are insulated by an insulating layer.

Then, the first auxiliary capacitance film 1601a is connected to the first auxiliary pixel electrode 304b connected to the main pixel electrode 304 'via the first auxiliary capacitance connection section 1602. However, the second auxiliary capacitance film 1601b is connected to the second auxiliary pixel electrode 304a insulated from the main pixel electrode 304 '. As shown in 17, the second auxiliary pixel electrode 304 a and the main pixel electrode 304 ′ are insulated by the second auxiliary capacitance insulating section 504. Therefore, only the first storage capacitor ( _Csli ) _305b operates as a storage capacitor. Note that the second auxiliary pixel electrode 304 a is preferably formed simultaneously with the main pixel electrode 304 ′.

In the sixth embodiment, a defective pixel due to a short circuit of the first auxiliary capacitance (C _sU ) Occurs, the first auxiliary capacitance disconnecting portion provided between the first auxiliary pixel electrode 304 b connected to the first auxiliary capacitance film 1601 a and the main pixel electrode 304 ′ By irradiating the laser to 503, the first auxiliary pixel electrode 304b connected to the short-circuited first auxiliary capacitance film 1601a is separated from the main pixel electrode 304 '.

 Then, a second auxiliary capacitance insulating portion 5 for insulating between the second auxiliary pixel electrode 304 a connected to the second auxiliary capacitance film 1601 b and the main pixel electrode 304 ′. By irradiating a laser to the second auxiliary capacitor film 1604b, the second auxiliary pixel electrode 304a connected to the second auxiliary capacitance film 1601b and the main pixel electrode 304 'are connected.

This ensures that cutting the first auxiliary capacitor (C _sll) 3 0 5 b shorted, the second auxiliary capacitor (C _sl2) 3 0 5 c can be connected to the auxiliary capacity, first A defective pixel caused by a short circuit of the storage capacitor (C _sll ) ₃₀₅ b can be completely repaired into a normally operating good pixel.

 By arranging the second auxiliary pixel electrode 304 a separately from the main pixel electrode 304 ′ and the first auxiliary pixel electrode 304 b in this way, the main pixel electrode 304 ′ and the first Can be cut between the auxiliary pixel electrode 304 b and the main pixel electrode 304 ′ and the second auxiliary pixel electrode 304 a. No top layer is required. Thereby, the opening of each pixel region can be enlarged, and the manufacturing process can be shortened.

Referring to FIG. 12, the liquid crystal display device according to the sixth invention has a structure in which a first auxiliary pixel electrode 1601a and a main pixel electrode 304 'corresponding to the pixel electrode 304 are arranged. Since they are electrically connected, a first auxiliary capacitance ( _Csll ) _305b is formed between the gate line 302b and the first storage capacitance film _1601a . On the other hand, since the second auxiliary pixel electrode 1601b and the main pixel electrode 304 'are insulated by the insulating layer, the second auxiliary capacitance ( _Csl2 ) _305c and The second auxiliary capacitance insulating section 504 is insulated from the main pixel electrode 304 ′.

When a defective pixel occurs due to a short circuit of the first auxiliary capacitance ( _CsM ) _{305b, a laser is placed} between the first auxiliary pixel electrode 304b and the main pixel electrode 304 '. Irradiate to disconnect the connection between the first auxiliary pixel electrode 304 b and the main pixel electrode 304 ′, and irradiate the second auxiliary capacitance insulating section 504 with a laser, Auxiliary pixel electrode 304a and main Connected to the pixel electrode 304 '. This ensures that the first auxiliary capacitance (C _sM) 3 0 5 b the new second auxiliary capacitance (C _sl2) can 3 and the child to be replaced 0 5 c is, the first auxiliary capacity (C _sll) 3 0 The defective pixel caused by the 5b short circuit can be completely restored to a normal pixel.

(Embodiment 7)

 FIG. 18 is a plan view schematically showing a pixel configuration in the liquid crystal display device (seventh invention) according to the seventh embodiment. FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X 8 —X 8 ′ of FIG.

 As in the case of the fourth or sixth embodiment, the liquid crystal display device according to the seventh embodiment (seventh invention) includes a source line 301a, 301b, and a gate line 302a, 302 b, the first TFT 303 a and the second TFT 303 b which are the first switching element and the second switching element, and the signal control wiring 180 6. Have. These are the same as those shown in FIG. 12, and the seventh embodiment is a force showing the embodiment according to the seventh invention described above. In the seventh embodiment, the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 The TFT disconnecting section 501 and the first auxiliary capacitor disconnecting section 503 are integrated and changed to the first connecting section 50013, and the second connecting section 502 and the second auxiliary capacitor insulating section 50 4 was integrated into a second connection section 502 4.

 The first TFT 303 and the second TFT 303 b are connected to the gate line 302 a from the source line 301 a based on the input signal voltage and the first connection part 501 103 And the voltage applied to the second connection section 502 is switched.

However, as in the case of the sixth embodiment, the liquid crystal display device according to the seventh embodiment (sixth invention) includes a main pixel electrode 304 ′ disposed in each pixel region and a main pixel electrode 304 ′. A first auxiliary pixel electrode 304 b and a second auxiliary pixel electrode 304 a formed close to the same layer as 304 ′. Then, at the cutting line 500 13 ′ between the first auxiliary pixel electrode 304 b and the main pixel electrode 304 ′, the first auxiliary pixel electrode 304 b and the main pixel electrode 304 ′ Is electrically connected to the second auxiliary pixel electrode 304 a and the main pixel electrode 304, at a second connection portion 502 4 between the second auxiliary pixel electrode 304 a and the main pixel electrode 304. The auxiliary pixel electrode 304 a and the main pixel electrode 304 ′ are insulated by an insulating layer.

 Therefore, the connection between the source line 301 a and the main pixel electrode 304 ′ via the second TFT 303 b is insulated at the second connection part 504, and Only 303a operates as TFT303. The detailed connection is as follows. The first auxiliary capacitance film 180 la is connected to the main pixel electrode 304 ′ connected to the first auxiliary pixel electrode 304 b via the pixel electrode connection 1 ′ 802, and It is connected to the signal control wiring 1806 via the first TFT connection section 1804. The signal control wiring 1806 is connected to the source line 301a via the first TFT303a. On the other hand, the second auxiliary capacitance film 180 lb is connected to the second auxiliary pixel electrode 304 a through the pixel electrode connection portion 1803, and the second TFT connection portion 180 It is connected to signal control wiring 1806 through 05. Then, the signal control wiring 1806 is arranged so as to be connected to the source line 301a through the second TFT 303b. However, the main pixel electrode 304 'and the second auxiliary pixel electrode 304a are insulated at the second connection portion 504, and the second TFT 303b is The main pixel electrode 304 ′ is cut off by the connection section 504.

On the other hand, the first auxiliary capacitance film 1801a and the second auxiliary capacitance film 1801b are connected via the gate line 302a and the insulating layer 1901 shown in FIG. They are arranged so that they overlap each other. The first auxiliary capacitance film 1801a is connected to the main pixel electrode 304 'through the first auxiliary capacitance connection portion 1802, but the second auxiliary capacitance film 1801a b is connected to the second auxiliary pixel electrode 304 a insulated from the main pixel electrode 304 ′. Therefore, only the first storage capacitor (C _sll ) ₃₀₅ b operates as a storage capacitor.

In summary, the first connection section 501 13 is connected to the first auxiliary pixel electrode 304 b via the first auxiliary capacitance film 1801 a, and the second connection section 50 01 2 4 is connected to the second auxiliary pixel electrode 304 a through the second auxiliary capacitance film 180 1 b, and the first auxiliary pixel electrode 304 b and the main pixel electrode 304 are connected. Is electrically connected to the second auxiliary pixel electrode 304 a and the main pixel electrode 304 ′. Insulated by 1.

In the seventh embodiment, when a defective pixel occurs due to an abnormal operation of the first TFT _{303 a} or a short circuit of the first storage capacitor ( _Csll ) ₃₀₅ b, the first storage capacitor film 180 The first connection portion 501 3 provided between the first auxiliary pixel electrode 304 b connected to 1 a and the main pixel electrode 304 ′ is irradiated with a laser, and the first The first auxiliary pixel electrode 304 b connected to the auxiliary capacitor film 1801 a and the drain terminal of the first TFT 303 a is separated from the main pixel electrode 304 ′.

 Then, the second auxiliary pixel electrode 304 a connected to the drain terminal of the second auxiliary capacitance film 1801 b and the second TFT 303 b and the main pixel electrode 304 ′ The second connection portion 504 that connects between the second auxiliary pixel electrode 304 and the second auxiliary pixel electrode 304 a connected to the second auxiliary capacitance film 1801 b is irradiated with laser. Connect between 3 0 4 '.

As a result, the first storage capacitor (C _sll ) ₃₀₅ b can be disconnected, the second storage capacitor (C _{sl 2} ) ₃₀₅ c can be connected as the storage capacitor, and the first TFT It is possible to easily perform a process of disconnecting 0 3 a from the main pixel electrode 304 ′ and connecting a new second TFT 303 b to the main pixel electrode 304 ′. Thus, when the first auxiliary capacitance (C _sll ) ₃₀₅ b is short-circuited or when the first TFT 303 a fails, the same processing is performed to operate the defective pixel normally. Since it is possible to completely repair a defective pixel, the repair process of a defective pixel can be greatly simplified.

 Further, similarly to the sixth embodiment, cutting is performed between the main pixel electrode 304 'and the first auxiliary pixel electrode 304b, and the main pixel electrode 304' and the second auxiliary pixel electrode are cut off. Since the connection can be made with 304a, the overlapping layer is not required. In addition, this makes it possible to enlarge the opening of each pixel area, and to shorten the manufacturing process.

Referring to FIG. 12, the liquid crystal display device according to the seventh aspect of the present invention is electrically connected between the first auxiliary pixel electrode 304 b and the main pixel electrode 304 ′. A first auxiliary capacitance (C _sn ) _305b is formed between the gate line 302b and the first auxiliary capacitance film _304b . On the other hand, the second auxiliary pixel electrode 304 a and the main pixel electrode 304 Is isolated from the second auxiliary capacitor (C _sl2 ) 3 ₀₅ c and the main pixel electrode ₃₀₄ by the second auxiliary capacitor insulating section _504. ing. Further, a first auxiliary pixel electrode 304 b and a first auxiliary pixel electrode 304 b ′ are provided between a source line 301 a via a first TFT 303 a serving as a first switching element and a main pixel electrode 304 ′. It is electrically connected by the connection between the main pixel electrode 304 'and the source line 301a via the second TFT 303b, which is the second switching element, to the main pixel electrode 3104. Is insulated from the second auxiliary pixel electrode 304 a by insulation between the second auxiliary pixel electrode 304 a and the main pixel electrode 304 ′.

When a defective pixel occurs due to a short circuit of the first auxiliary capacitor ( _Csll ) _305b or a failure of the first TFT 303a, the first auxiliary pixel electrode 304b and the main pixel electrode 304 Between the first auxiliary pixel electrode 304 b and the main pixel electrode 304 ′, and irradiate the laser to the second auxiliary capacitance insulating section 504. Irradiation connects the second auxiliary pixel electrode 304 a with the main pixel electrode 304 ′. This ensures that the first auxiliary capacitor (C _s physician) to 3 0 5 b and the l TFT 3 0 3 a, new second auxiliary capacitor (C _sl2) to 3 0 5 c and the second TFT 3 0 3 b It is possible to completely replace a defective pixel caused by a short circuit of the first auxiliary capacitance (C _s ) 305b or a failure of the first TFT 303a into a normal pixel. it can.

(Embodiment 8)

 In the eighth embodiment, the defective pixel is repaired by connecting the pixel electrode of the defective pixel to the pixel electrode of an adjacent normal pixel. That is, Embodiment 8 aims at making the point defect hard to see by displaying the defective pixel in the same display as the surrounding good pixels, instead of displaying the defective pixel in black.

FIG. 20 is a plan view schematically showing a pixel configuration in the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the overlap film 200 3 in the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment 8 ′ is formed over the pixel electrode 304 and the adjacent pixel electrode 3 over the gate line 302 b. 0 4 ′, and is connected to the pixel electrode 304 via the overlap film connecting portion 200 2, and is insulated from the pixel electrode 304 ′ in contact with the fusion connecting portion 203. It is arranged so that. In the eighth embodiment, when a defective pixel is generated due to an abnormal operation of the TFT 303, the laser is irradiated to the fusion connection portion 203 on the overlap film 200 3, and the adjacent pixel electrode 304 is irradiated. The insulating layer and the overlap film 203 between the '′ and the auxiliary capacitance line 308 are melted to connect the overlap film 200 3 to the adjacent pixel electrode 304 ′. Accordingly, the pixel electrode 304 is controlled by the adjacent TFT 303 'together with the adjacent pixel electrode 304'. As a result, the defective pixel can be displayed in the same manner as the surrounding good pixels, and the defective pixel can be made inconspicuous.

 When connecting the pixel electrodes between the defective pixel and surrounding good pixels, if the liquid crystal display device is a color display having a color filter, the pixel electrodes of the same color are connected. There is a need to. Therefore, in the eighth embodiment, a liquid crystal display device having a stripe arrangement in which pixels of the same color are arranged in the vertical direction of the screen is used as the color filter. The color filter array has a delta array as another method, but the delta array is not suitable for the eighth embodiment since the same color is not adjacent.

 In addition, the eighth embodiment is particularly effective for AV applications where there are many analog images, and is most suitable for liquid crystal TVs and the like. The term “analog video” used here refers to general images such as multi-gradation images such as natural images and movies, and moving images with aggressive motion, and is used in word processing software used in offices of companies. This means that display images that do not require grayscale display such as Internet terminals (images used in an OA environment) are not included.

 High resolution: The effect is higher when the resolution is higher than GA class resolution. Here, the XGA class refers to those having 700 or more vertical display lines. Therefore, in Embodiment 7, it is desirable that the liquid crystal display device has 700 or more display pixels in the vertical direction of the display screen. In such a liquid crystal display device, defective pixels connected to adjacent pixels are particularly inconspicuous.

In another embodiment, the arrangement of the fusion connection portion 203 and the overlap film connection portion 202 is exchanged, or both are fusion connection portions that are melted by laser irradiation. This allows it to be adapted to a wide variety of manufacturing processes. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, there is provided a liquid crystal display device capable of making defective pixels inconspicuous and a method of repairing the same.

Claims

The scope of the claims 1. A pixel substrate, a counter substrate facing the pixel substrate, and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pixel substrate and the counter substrate.  The pixel substrate includes a plurality of source lines and a plurality of gate lines crossing each other, pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix, and a signal voltage input from the gate line. A switching element for switching a voltage applied from the source line to the pixel electrode; an auxiliary capacitance line formed between two adjacent gate lines to which a predetermined voltage can be applied; and a light absorbing material. And an overlapping membrane consisting of  The counter substrate includes a counter electrode facing the pixel electrode,  At least a part of the overlap film is arranged so as to overlap with the pixel electrode and the auxiliary capacitance line, and the pixel electrode and the auxiliary capacitance line are insulated by an insulating layer;  The brightness of the liquid crystal layer becomes a minimum value when a black display voltage is applied between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode when displaying black, and the brightness between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode. The luminance of the liquid crystal layer increases even when a voltage higher than or lower than the black display voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer.  The liquid crystal display device, wherein substantially the same voltage as the black display voltage is applied to the auxiliary capacitance line. 2. The liquid crystal layer is in splay alignment when a voltage applied between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode is not applied, and a transfer voltage is applied between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode. 2. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, comprising an OCB mode liquid crystal molecule that bends due to the liquid crystal molecules. 3. The liquid crystal device further includes a driving unit that controls driving of the liquid crystal layer, wherein the driving unit applies a voltage having a frequency different from a frequency of a voltage applied to the pixel electrode to the auxiliary capacitance line. 2. The liquid crystal display device according to item 1. 4. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 2, wherein the frequency of the voltage applied to the auxiliary capacitance line is at least five times the frequency of the voltage applied to the pixel electrode. 5. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein a voltage applied to the auxiliary capacitance line is 6.5 to 7.5 V. 6. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein an additional storage capacitor line that forms an additional storage capacitor between the pixel electrode and the pixel electrode is formed between the two adjacent gate lines. 7. A pixel substrate, comprising: a counter substrate facing the pixel substrate; and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pixel substrate and the counter substrate.  The pixel substrate includes a plurality of source lines and a plurality of gate lines crossing each other, pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix, and a signal voltage input from the gate lines. A switching element for switching a voltage applied from the source line to the pixel electrode, an auxiliary capacitance line formed between two adjacent gate lines and capable of applying a predetermined voltage; And an overlapping film made of a conductive material,  The counter substrate includes a counter electrode facing the pixel electrode,  At least a part of the overlap film is arranged so as to overlap with the pixel electrode and the auxiliary capacitance line, and the pixel electrode and the auxiliary capacitance line are insulated by an insulating layer;  The brightness of the liquid crystal layer becomes a minimum value when a black display voltage is applied between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode when displaying black, and the brightness between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode. The luminance of the liquid crystal layer increases even when a voltage higher than or lower than the black display voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer. When a pixel electrode becomes a defective pixel in a liquid crystal display device to which a voltage substantially equal to the black display voltage is applied to the auxiliary capacitance line, the liquid crystal display device is repaired. Method  By irradiating a laser to an overlap film overlapping the pixel electrode which has become a defective pixel and melting the insulating layer between the pixel electrode and the auxiliary capacitance line, the pixel electrode and the auxiliary capacitance line How to repair a liquid crystal display device. 8. A pixel substrate, comprising a counter substrate facing the pixel substrate, and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pixel substrate and the counter substrate.  The pixel substrate includes a plurality of source lines and a plurality of gate lines crossing each other, pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix, and a signal voltage input from the gate line. A switching element for switching a voltage applied from the source line to the pixel electrode, an auxiliary capacitance line formed between two adjacent gate lines and capable of applying a predetermined voltage; And an upper wrap film made of a material.  The counter substrate includes a counter electrode facing the pixel electrode,  At least a portion of the overlay film is disposed so as to overlap the pixel electrode and the gate line, and the pixel electrode and the gate line are insulated by an insulating layer;  The brightness of the liquid crystal layer becomes a minimum value when a black display voltage is applied between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode when displaying black, and the brightness between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode. The luminance of the liquid crystal layer increases even when a voltage higher than or lower than the black display voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer.  The liquid crystal display device, wherein the signal voltage for turning off the switching element is substantially the same as the black display voltage. 9. The liquid crystal layer is in a splay alignment state when no voltage is applied between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode, and a transfer voltage is applied between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode. 9. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 8, wherein the liquid crystal display device is formed of OCB mode liquid crystal molecules that bend in alignment. 10. The device according to claim 8, further comprising a driving unit for controlling driving of the liquid crystal layer, wherein a retardation plate is provided on at least one of the pixel substrate and the counter substrate. Liquid crystal display. 11. In a case where the average voltage applied to the gate line from the driving unit is 15 V, the difference between the retardation value of the liquid crystal layer and the retardation value of the phase difference plate is set. 10. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 10, wherein the total retardation is 30 nm or less. 12. In a case where the average voltage applied to the gate line from the driving means is in a range of 12.5 V to 13.5 V, the liquid crystal layer has a reduced resolution value and a retardation plate. 10. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 10, wherein the total retardation with the retardation value is 30 nm or less. 13. A pixel substrate, a counter substrate facing the pixel substrate, and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pixel substrate and the counter substrate,  The pixel substrate includes a plurality of source lines and a plurality of gate lines crossing each other, pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix, and a signal voltage input from the gate lines. A switching element for switching a voltage applied from the source line to the pixel electrode, an auxiliary capacitance line formed between two adjacent gate lines and capable of applying a predetermined voltage; Ovalup membrane made of conductive material  The counter substrate includes a counter electrode facing the pixel electrode,  At least a part of the overlap film is disposed so as to overlap with the pixel electrode and the gate line, and the pixel electrode and the gate line are insulated by an insulating layer; The brightness of the liquid crystal layer becomes a minimum when a black display voltage is applied between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode when displaying black, and The brightness of the liquid crystal layer increases regardless of whether a voltage higher than the black display voltage is applied or a voltage lower than the black display voltage is applied to the counter electrode.  A method of repairing the liquid crystal display device when a pixel electrode becomes defective in a liquid crystal display device in which the signal voltage for turning off the switching element is substantially the same as the black display voltage,  By irradiating a laser to an overlap film overlapping the pixel electrode that has become a defective pixel to melt the insulating layer between the pixel electrode and the gate line, the gap between the pixel electrode and the gate line is reduced. How to connect, how to repair a liquid crystal display. 14. A pixel substrate, a counter substrate facing the pixel substrate, and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pixel substrate and the counter substrate.  The pixel substrate includes a plurality of source lines and a plurality of gate lines crossing each other, a pixel electrode arranged in a matrix, and a signal voltage input from the gate line. A switching element for switching a voltage applied from the source line to the pixel electrode based on the  The counter substrate includes a counter electrode facing the pixel electrode,  The brightness of the liquid crystal layer becomes a minimum value when a black display voltage is applied between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode when displaying black, and the brightness between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode. The luminance of the liquid crystal layer increases even when a voltage higher than or lower than the black display voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer.  The liquid crystal display device, wherein substantially the same voltage as the black display voltage is applied to the counter electrode. 15.A pixel substrate, comprising: a counter substrate facing the pixel substrate; and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pixel substrate and the counter substrate. '' The pixel substrate includes a plurality of source lines and a plurality of gate lines crossing each other, pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix, and a signal voltage input from the gate line. A first switching element and a second switching element for switching voltages applied from the source line to the first connection and the second connection, respectively. A switching element and an overlap film made of a light-absorbing material, the counter substrate includes a counter electrode facing the pixel electrode, and at least a part of the overlap film includes the first electrode. A connection portion, the second connection portion, and the pixel electrode, which are arranged so as to overlap with each other, wherein the first connection portion and the pixel electrode are electrically connected to each other, and the second connection A liquid crystal display device, wherein a portion and the pixel electrode are insulated by an insulating layer. 16. A pixel substrate, comprising: a counter substrate facing the pixel substrate; and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pixel substrate and the counter substrate.  The pixel substrate includes: a plurality of source lines and a plurality of gate lines intersecting each other; pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix; and a signal voltage input from the gate lines. A first switching element and a second switching element for respectively switching voltages applied to the first connection part and the second connection part from the source line via the wiring, And an overlap film made of a conductive material.  The counter substrate includes a counter electrode facing the pixel electrode, and at least a part of the overlap film overlaps the first connection portion, the second connection portion, and the pixel electrode. The first connection portion and the pixel electrode are electrically connected to each other, and the second connection portion and the pixel electrode are insulated by an insulating layer. A method of repairing the liquid crystal display device when a pixel electrode becomes a defective pixel in the liquid crystal display device,  By irradiating a laser to the wiring connecting the source line and the first connection portion, a connection between the source line and the pixel electrode via the first switching element is formed. Cut, By irradiating a laser to a portion overlapping with the second connection portion and electrically connecting the second connection portion and the pixel electrode, the source line is connected via the second switching element. And repairing the liquid crystal display device by electrically connecting the pixel electrode and the pixel electrode. 17. A pixel substrate, a counter substrate facing the pixel substrate, and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pixel substrate and the counter substrate.  The pixel substrate includes a plurality of source lines and a plurality of gate lines that intersect each other, pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix, and the source based on a signal voltage input from the gate line. A switching element for switching a voltage applied to the pixel electrode from a line, a first auxiliary capacitance film and a second auxiliary capacitance film disposed so as to overlap the gate line via an insulating layer, An overlap film made of a light-absorbing material,  The counter substrate includes a counter electrode facing the pixel electrode, and at least a part of the overlap film includes the first storage capacitor film, the second storage capacitor film, and the pixel electrode. The first auxiliary capacitance film and the pixel electrode are electrically connected to each other, and are electrically insulated from each other by an insulating layer. The liquid crystal display. 18. A pixel substrate, comprising: a counter substrate facing the pixel substrate; and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pixel substrate and the counter substrate.  The pixel substrate includes a plurality of source lines and a plurality of gate lines crossing each other, pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix, and a signal voltage input from the gate lines. A switching element for switching a voltage applied from the source line to the pixel electrode, a first auxiliary capacitance film and a second auxiliary capacitance film disposed so as to overlap the gate line via an insulating layer, An overlap film made of a light-absorbing material, The counter substrate includes a counter electrode facing the pixel electrode, and at least a part of the overlap film includes the first storage capacitor film, the second storage capacitor film, and the pixel electrode. The first auxiliary capacitance film and the pixel electrode are electrically connected between the first auxiliary capacitance film and the pixel electrode, and the second auxiliary capacitance film and the pixel electrode are insulated by an insulating layer. A method of repairing a liquid crystal display device when a pixel electrode becomes defective in a liquid crystal display device, wherein the overlapping film connecting the first auxiliary capacitance film and the pixel electrode is repaired. Disconnecting the connection between the first auxiliary capacitance film and the pixel electrode by irradiating the pixel;  By irradiating a laser to a portion of the overlap film overlapping the second auxiliary capacitance film, the second auxiliary capacitance film is electrically connected to the pixel electrode. Repair method. 19. A pixel substrate, comprising: a counter substrate facing the pixel substrate; and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pixel substrate and the counter substrate.  The pixel substrate includes: a plurality of source lines and a plurality of gate lines intersecting each other; a main pixel electrode arranged in a matrix; A first auxiliary pixel electrode and a second auxiliary pixel electrode formed, and switching for switching a voltage applied from the source line to the main pixel electrode based on a signal voltage input from the gate line. An element, and a first auxiliary capacitance film and a second auxiliary capacitance film arranged so as to overlap with the gate line via an insulating layer,  The counter substrate includes a counter electrode facing the pixel electrode, and the first auxiliary pixel electrode and the main pixel electrode are electrically connected to each other. A liquid crystal display device, wherein the second auxiliary pixel electrode and the main pixel electrode are insulated by an insulating layer. 20. A pixel substrate, a counter substrate facing the pixel substrate, and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pixel substrate and the counter substrate, The pixel substrate includes a plurality of source lines and a plurality of gate lines that intersect each other, a main pixel electrode arranged in a matrix, and A first auxiliary pixel electrode and a second auxiliary pixel electrode formed, and switching for switching a voltage applied from the source line to the main pixel electrode based on a signal voltage input from the gate line. An element, and a first auxiliary capacitance film and a second auxiliary capacitance film arranged so as to overlap the gate line via an insulating layer, The counter substrate includes a counter electrode facing the pixel electrode, the first auxiliary pixel electrode and the main pixel electrode are electrically connected, and the second auxiliary pixel electrode A method for repairing the liquid crystal display device when the pixel electrode becomes a defective pixel in the liquid crystal display device insulated from the main pixel electrode by an insulating layer,  By irradiating a laser between the first auxiliary pixel electrode and the main pixel electrode, the connection between the first auxiliary pixel electrode and the main pixel electrode is disconnected, and the second auxiliary pixel A method for repairing a liquid crystal display device, comprising connecting between the second auxiliary pixel electrode and the main pixel electrode by irradiating a laser to the electrode or the main pixel electrode. 21. A pixel substrate, a counter substrate facing the pixel substrate, and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pixel substrate and the counter substrate,  The pixel substrate includes: a plurality of source lines and a plurality of gate lines intersecting each other; a main pixel electrode arranged in a matrix; A first auxiliary pixel electrode and a second auxiliary pixel electrode, and a first auxiliary pixel electrode and a second auxiliary pixel from the source line based on a signal voltage input from the gate line. A first switching element and a second switching element for switching the voltage applied to the electrodes, respectively, and the first auxiliary pixel, which are arranged so as to overlap with the gate line via an insulating layer, respectively; A first auxiliary capacitance film and a second auxiliary capacitance film connected to the electrode and the second auxiliary pixel electrode,  The counter substrate includes a counter electrode facing the pixel electrode, the first auxiliary pixel electrode is connected to the main pixel electrode, and the second auxiliary pixel electrode is connected to the main pixel electrode. An insulated, liquid crystal display. 22. A pixel substrate, a counter substrate facing the pixel substrate, and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pixel substrate and the counter substrate, The pixel substrate includes a plurality of source lines and a plurality of gates crossing each other. A main line, a main pixel electrode arranged in a matrix, a first auxiliary pixel electrode and a second auxiliary pixel electrode formed close to the same layer as the main pixel electrode, and the gate A first switching element for switching a voltage applied from the source line to the first auxiliary pixel electrode and a voltage applied to the second auxiliary pixel electrode based on the signal voltage input from the source line; A switching element, and a first auxiliary capacitance film disposed so as to overlap with the gate line via an insulating layer and connected to the first auxiliary pixel electrode and the second auxiliary pixel electrode, respectively. And a second auxiliary capacitance film,  The counter substrate includes a counter electrode facing the pixel electrode, the first auxiliary pixel electrode is connected to the main pixel electrode, and the second auxiliary pixel electrode is connected to the main pixel electrode. A method of repairing a liquid crystal display device when a pixel electrode becomes a defective pixel in an insulated liquid crystal display device,  The first auxiliary pixel electrode or the main pixel electrode is irradiated with laser to insulate the first auxiliary pixel electrode and the main pixel electrode from each other. Disconnecting the connection between the source line and the pixel electrode, and irradiating the second auxiliary pixel electrode or the main pixel electrode with a laser to cause a connection between the second auxiliary pixel electrode and the main pixel electrode. A method for repairing a liquid crystal display device, wherein the connection connects the source line and the pixel electrode via the second switching element.