WO2002064480A1 - Main cable of elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

A main cable of an elevator which comprises an inner layer portion (1) having a plurality of inner layer strands (2) and, arranged so as to cover the perimeter of the inner layer portion (1), an outer layer portion (4) having a plurality of outer layer strands (5), the inner layer strand(2) and the outer layer strands (5) being manufactured by twisting together elementary wires made of a synthetic fiber, wherein the outer layer portion (4) has a tensile strength lower than that of the inner layer portion (1). The inner layer portion (1) preferably has a tensile strength of 60 % or more relative to the total tensile strength of the main cable.

Description

 The main rope of Yerebe

Technical field

 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a main rope of an elevator made of a synthetic fiber rope for suspending a car in a hoistway. Light

Background art

 Fine

 FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a structure of a main line of a conventional elevator shown in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-267533. In the figure, an inner layer portion 24 having a plurality of inner layer strands 22 and a filling strand 23 disposed in a gap between the inner layer strands 22 is arranged around a core wire 21. I have. Each inner layer strand 22 is composed of a plurality of strands of aramide fibers twisted with each other and an impregnating material such as polyurethane. The filling strand 23 is made of, for example, polyamide.

 The outer layer portion 26 having the plurality of outer layer strands 25 is arranged so as to cover the outer periphery of the inner layer portion 24. Each outer strand 25 is, like the inner strand 22, composed of a plurality of strands of aramide fiber twisted with each other and an impregnating material such as polyurethane.

 Avoid wear of the strands 22 and 25 due to friction between the strands 22 and 25 of the sheave (not shown) such as a drive sheave between the inner layer section 24 and the outer layer section 26. An inner layer coating (friction reducing coating) 27 is provided. In addition, an outer layer coating (protective coating) 28 is arranged on the outer periphery of the outer layer section 26.

 With the conventional main rope of Elebe overnight configured as described above, it receives pressure due to contact with the sheave during the operation of the Elebe overnight, and because of the bending by the sheave, deformation and slippage occur inside. However, if used for a long period of time, the wires will break due to wear. Such wire breakage often occurs in the outer strand 25.

In contrast, in the conventional main rope, the tensile strength of the inner layer 24 and the tensile strength of the outer layer 26 Since the strands of the outer layer strand 25 are damaged by abrasion and the tensile strength of the outer layer 26 is significantly reduced, the load is supported only by the inner layer 24. Only half the tensile strength of the whole is ensured.

 Also, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 8-261972 discloses that a conductive wire made of carbon fiber is twisted around a strand, the conductive wire is energized, and the energized state is monitored. It shows how to detect breaks and detect strand damage.

 However, since carbon fiber has higher strength than aramide fiber, abrasion of the conductive wire does not occur preferentially, and the strand made of aramide fiber, which is a strength member, wears and breaks before the conductive wire. There was a possibility that the strand damage could not be detected stably, and it was difficult to determine the life of the strand. Disclosure of the invention

 The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and can secure sufficient residual strength when some of the strands have reached the end of their life, and can further stably damage the strands. The purpose is to obtain a main rope that can be detected and detected over a long period of time.

 The main rope of the elevator according to the present invention is for suspending a car in a hoistway, and has an inner layer having a plurality of inner strands in which a plurality of strands made of synthetic resin fibers are twisted. And a plurality of outer strands in which a plurality of strands made of synthetic resin fibers are twisted, and an outer layer portion arranged to cover the outer periphery of the inner layer portion, wherein the outer layer portion has a tensile strength of the inner layer. It is set lower than the tensile strength of the part. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

 FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a main rope of an

 Fig. 2 is a side view showing the internal structure of the main rope in Fig. 1,

 FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a main rope of an elevator according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention,

 FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a main cable of an elevator according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention,

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an example of the structure of a main rope of a conventional elevator. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

 Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Embodiment 1

 FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a main rope of an elevator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view showing an internal structure of the main rope of FIG.

 In the figure, the inner layer portion 1 has a plurality of inner strands 2 twisted with each other, and a filling strand 3 arranged in a gap between these inner strands 2 and twisted. Each inner strand 2 is composed of a plurality of strands of aramide fiber twisted with each other and an impregnating material such as polyurethane.

 The filling strand 3 is made of, for example, polyamide. The strength of the filled strand 3 is not added to the tensile strength of the inner layer 1 in design.

 The outer layer part 4 has a plurality of outer layer strands 5 and is twisted and arranged so as to cover the outer periphery of the inner layer part 1. Each of the outer-layer strands 5, like the inner-layer strand 2, is composed of a plurality of strands of aramid fiber twisted with each other and an impregnating material such as polyurethane.

 Between the inner layer portion 1 and the outer layer portion 4, an inner layer coating (friction reduction) for avoiding wear of the strands 2 and 5 due to friction between the strands 2 and 5 in a sheave (not shown) such as a drive sheep. 6) are arranged. An outer layer coating (protective coating) 7 is arranged on the outer peripheral portion of the outer layer section 4.

 The inner layer 1 and the outer layer 4 are separated by an inner layer coating 6. In addition, the twist direction of the outer layer strand 5 is opposite to the twist direction of the inner layer strand 2, whereby the inner layer portion 1 and the outer layer portion 4 are also separated.

 In addition, the tensile strength of the outer layer 4 is set lower than the tensile strength of the inner layer 1.c Specifically, the inner layer 1 has a tensile strength of 60% or more of the tensile strength of the entire main rope. have. Therefore, the tensile strength of the outer layer portion 4 is less than 40% of the tensile strength of the entire main rope.

Some of the outer strands 5 are disconnected and cut off the current, Each of the conductive wires 8 for detecting the damage of the strand 5 is twisted. As the conductive wire 8, for example, a wire obtained by bundling conductive ribbon fibers is used. The conductive wires 8 are each twisted with at least a pair of outer layer strands 5 adjacent to each other.

 As shown in FIG. 2, in the pair of outer strands 5 in which the conductive wires 8 are twisted, the twist pitches of the conductive wires 8 are different from each other. In one outer layer strand 5 of the pair of outer strands 5 in which the conductive wire 8 is twisted, the twist pitch of the conductive wire 8 is set to a pitch smaller than twice the thickness of the conductive wire 8. . For example, when the conductive wire 8 having a diameter of 2 mm is used, the twist pitch of the conductive wire 8 is less than 4 mm.

 In such a main rope, the outer strand 4 has a shorter life than the inner layer 1 because the strands are mainly damaged by wear in the outer strand 5, but the strength of the outer layer 4 is significantly reduced. However, since the inner layer 1 having a higher tensile strength than the outer layer 4 remains, a sufficient residual strength can be secured.

 In a typical elevator, the tensile strength of the main rope is designed with a safety factor of 10 times. When a safety device such as an emergency stop device operates, a load approximately 2 to 6 times the load applied during normal operation acts on the main rope. When the strength of the outer layer 4 is reduced due to the service life and a load 6 times is applied, it is desirable that the inner layer 1 alone can support the load. Therefore, it is considered that if the inner layer 1 has a tensile strength of 60% or more of the tensile strength of the entire main rope, the residual strength is sufficient.

 In practice, a car is often hung by multiple main ropes, and it is considered that all the main ropes do not reach the same service life at the same time. It is enough to have residual strength.

Also, since the twist direction of the outer layer strand 5 is opposite to the twist direction of the inner layer strand 2, the outer layer strand 5 intersects the inner layer strand 2. As a result, wire damage due to abrasion is more likely to occur on the inner layer 1 side of the outer strand 5, and the life of the outer strand 5 governs the life of the main rope as a whole. Therefore, it is possible to prevent an unexpected accident due to damage of the main rope from an unplanned part. Further, since the conductive wires 8 are arranged on the outer strands 5 that govern the life of the main rope, damage can be detected more stably, and the life of the main rope can be grasped more accurately. Specifically, when the conductive wire 8 is cut and the power supply is cut off, the operation of the elevator is stopped overnight, and an alarm is issued to inform that the main cable has reached the end of its service life. .

 Furthermore, since the conductive wire 8 has higher strength than the aramide fiber, the aramide fiber is mainly worn by contact with the aramide fiber, and the strand is broken before the conductive wire 8. I will. On the other hand, in the first embodiment, since the conductive wires 8 are twisted in the plural pairs of the outer layer strands 5 adjacent to each other, the conductive wires 8 of the adjacent outer layer strands 5 contact each other, The conductive wires 8 are worn by the mutual contact of the wires 8, and damage to the outer layer strands 5 can be detected more stably.

 As described above, it is preferable that the pairs of the outer strands 5 in which the conductive wires 8 are twisted are arranged at least at three or more locations for one main rope in order to stably detect damage to the outer strands 5. is there.

 Further, if the conductive wires 8 of the adjacent outer layer strands 5 are twisted at the same pitch, there is a possibility that the conductive wires 8 do not contact each other. In contrast, in the first embodiment, since the twist pitches of the conductive wires 8 of the adjacent outer-layer strands 5 are different from each other, the amount of the conductive wires 8 made of expensive carbon fiber is minimized, The conductive wires 8 can be more reliably brought into contact with each other.

 Furthermore, since the twist pitch of the conductive wire 8 is set to be smaller than twice the thickness of the conductive wire 8 on one outer layer strand 5, the amount of the conductive wire 8 used is minimized, The conductive wires 8 can be reliably brought into contact with each other.

 The twist pitch referred to here is the twist pitch for one outer layer strand 5.For example, when two conductive wires 8 are twisted on one outer layer strand 5, only one of the conductive wires 8 is used. If you look, it will be twisted with a pitch smaller than 4 times the thickness of the conductive wire 8. Embodiment 2

Next, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the main rope of the elevator according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, an outer layer portion 11 has a plurality of outer layer strands 12 and is arranged so as to cover the outer periphery of the inner layer portion 1. Each outer strand 12, like the inner strand 2, is composed of a plurality of strands of aramide fiber twisted with each other and an impregnating material such as polyurethane.

 The twist direction of the outer strands 12 is opposite to the twist direction of the inner strands 2. Some outer strands 12 are each twisted with a conductive wire 8.

 The cross-sectional shape of the outer layer strand 12 is a flat shape extending along the circumferential direction of the outer layer portion 11. The inner layer part 1 and the outer layer part 1 1 are in direct contact, and the inner layer 2 that comes into contact with the outer layer 1 2 including the conductive wire 8 has a contact strength that is equal to or greater than the strength of the strand of the outer layer 1 2. Wires 13 are twisted. Here, a wire having the same material configuration as the conductive wire 8 is used as the contact wire 13.

 Further, the tensile strength of the outer layer portion 11 is set lower than the tensile strength of the inner layer portion 1. Specifically, the inner layer portion 1 has a tensile strength of 60% or more of the tensile strength of the entire main rope. Therefore, the tensile strength of the outer layer portion 11 is less than 40% of the tensile strength of the entire main rope.

 Furthermore, by making the twist pitch of the outer strand 1 2 larger than the twist bit of the inner strand 2, the bow I tension strength per unit area of the outer layer 11 is set lower than that of the inner layer 1. I have.

 In such a main rope of Elebe overnight, even if the strand breaks due to abrasion mainly occur in the outer strands 12 and the strength of the outer layer 11 decreases significantly, the tensile strength is higher than that of the outer layer 11. Since the inner layer 1 having a high thickness remains, sufficient residual strength can be secured.In addition, the inner layer 1 and the outer layer 11 are brought into direct contact with each other, and come into contact with the outer layer strand 12 including the conductive wire 8 Since the contact wire 13 is twisted to the inner strand 2, the conductive wire 8 is worn by the contact with the contact wire 13, and the life of the outer strand 5 can be detected stably.

 Since the contact wire 13 is a wire for abrading the conductive wire 8, it is not necessary to pass through the contact wire 13. However, the contact wire 13 is made of a conductive material,

By energizing 3, damage to the inner strand 2 can also be detected. Also, if the strength of the contact wire 13 is equal to or higher than the strength of the strand, the conductive wire 8 is more effectively worn than the strand. 8 can be worn.

 Furthermore, since the tensile strength per unit area of the outer layer 1 1 is set lower than that of the inner layer 1, when the main rope is overloaded, the outer layer 1 1 The conductor layer 8 is broken, and the break of the outer layer 11 is detected by cutting the conductive wire 8. That is, it is possible to prevent the entire main rope from being broken due to overload.

 However, when the tensile strength per unit area of the outer layer 11 is reduced, the outer layer 11 may be significantly damaged due to contact with the inner layer 1 during normal operation. It is preferable that the twist direction of the strand of the inner layer strand 2 and the strand direction of the outer strand 12 are parallel to each other. Basically, it is preferable that both the inner strand 2 and the outer strand 12 have the fiber direction approaching parallel to the length direction of the main rope.

 Further, since the cross-sectional shape of the outer layer strand 12 is a flat shape extending along the circumferential direction of the outer layer portion 11, the strength can be secured while keeping the diameter of the main rope small. In addition, damage detection sensitivity can be increased, and stress generated by bending can be reduced, so that a main rope with a high mounting density can be provided. Furthermore, when the inner layer 1 is impregnated with the lubricating oil, it is possible to prevent the lubricating oil from flowing out of the outer layer 11 and prevent the lowering of the adhesion between the outer strand 12 and the outer coating 7. be able to.

 After the outer strand 12 is manufactured in a circular cross section, when it is wound around the outer periphery of the inner layer portion 1, it is heated and softened, and is deformed in cross section through a die. Alternatively, the cross-sectional shape may be changed by passing through a die after winding around the inner layer portion 1. Embodiment 3.

Then, the _c view is a cross-sectional view of the main ropes of Jer base Isseki according to the third embodiment of FIG. 4 is the invention, the inner layer portion 1 5, a plurality of inner Sutoran de which are twisted together 1 6 And a filling strand 3 which is arranged in the gap between these inner-layer strands 16 and twisted. Each inner layer strand 16 is twisted with each other It is composed of a plurality of strands of aramide fiber and an impregnating material such as polyurethane.

 Outer layer portion 11 is the same as in the second embodiment. The inner layer 15 and the outer layer 11 are in direct contact. The twist direction of the outer layer strands 12 is opposite to the twist direction of the inner layer strands 16. On at least a part of the outer strands 12 on the inner strand 16 side, conductive wires 17 extending in parallel with the length direction of the outer layer 11 are arranged. As the conductive wire 17, for example, a wire formed by bundling carbon fibers is used.

 A contact wire 13 having strength equal to or higher than the strength of the conductive wire 17 is twisted around the inner strand 16 that contacts the outer strand 12 including the conductive wire 17. Here, a wire having the same material composition as the conductive wire 17 is used as the contact wire 13.

 Further, the cross-sectional shape of the inner-layer strand 16 in contact with the outer-layer strand 12 is deformed so that the contact area with the outer-layer strand 12 is larger than that of the circular cross-section. After being manufactured with a circular cross section, the inner strand 16 is heated and softened when twisted as the inner layer portion 15 and deformed in cross section through a die. Alternatively, all the inner strands 16 may be twisted and then passed through a die to deform the cross-sectional shape.

 Lubricating oil is applied between the inner layer strands 16 and impregnated. As the lubricating oil, for example, a silicone-based or paraffin-based synthetic oil is used. When a polyurethane resin having excellent oil resistance is used as the material of the inner layer strand 16, a mineral oil-based lubricating oil may be used.

 Further, the bow I tensile strength of the outer layer portion 11 is set lower than the bow I tensile strength of the inner layer portion 15. Specifically, the inner layer 15 has a tensile strength of 60% or more of the tensile strength of the entire main rope. Therefore, the tensile strength of the outer layer portion 11 is less than 40% of the tensile strength of the entire main rope.

In such a main rope of Elevate overnight, since the conductive wire 17 is arranged on the inner strand 16 side of the outer strand 12 in parallel with the length direction of the outer layer 11, the contact wire 13 The conductive wires 17 can be more reliably brought into contact with the conductive wires 17, and the detection sensitivity for damage to the outer layer strands 12 can be increased. Further, since the cross-sectional shape of the inner strand 16 is deformed, the contact pressure between the inner strand 16 and the outer strand 12 can be reduced. When the inner layer strand has a circular cross section, the outer layer strand 12 comes into contact with only a part of the outer periphery of the inner layer strand and crosses between the inner layer strands, but the deformed inner layer strand 16 is used. In this case, since the outer layer strands 12 are twisted in contact with the inner layer strands 16 in a larger area, the bending stress generated in the outer layer strands 12 can be reduced, and the life of the outer layer strands 12 can be extended. it can.

 In addition, since the lubricating oil is applied between the inner strands 16 and impregnated, the slip between the deformed inner strands 16 is smoothed, and the inner layer is subjected to the variable load received by the main rope during overnight operation. Fine movement wear of the strand 16 can be suppressed.

Claims

The scope of the claims 1. The main rope of the elevator that suspends the car in the hoistway,  An inner layer having a plurality of inner strands in which a plurality of strands of synthetic resin fibers are twisted; and  An outer layer portion having a plurality of outer layer strands in which a plurality of strands made of synthetic resin fibers are twisted, and arranged to cover the outer periphery of the inner layer portion  A main rope of Elephant Night, comprising: a tensile strength of the outer layer part being lower than a tensile strength of the inner layer part. 2. The main rope according to claim 1, wherein the inner strands are twisted with each other, and the outer strands are twisted with each other in a direction opposite to a twisting direction of the inner strand. 3. The main rope according to claim 1, wherein an inner layer coating is disposed between the inner layer portion and the outer layer portion. 4. The main rope according to claim 1, wherein the inner layer portion has a tensile strength of 60% or more with respect to the entire tensile strength. 5. The elevator according to claim 1, wherein at least a part of the outer layer strand is twisted with a conductive wire for detecting damage to the outer layer strand by being disconnected and cut off the current. Overnight main rope. 6. The main rope according to claim 5, wherein the conductive wire is stranded on at least one pair of the outer layer strands adjacent to each other. 7. The main rope according to claim 6, wherein a twist pitch of the conductive wires is different from each other in the pair of outer strands. 8. The elevator according to claim 6, wherein in one of the pair of outer strands, the twist pitch of the conductive wire is set to a pitch smaller than twice the thickness of the conductive wire. Rope. 9. The inner layer and the outer layer are in direct contact with each other, and the inner layer in contact with the outer layer including the conductive wire is twisted with a contact wire having strength equal to or greater than the strength of the strand of the outer layer. 6. The main rope according to claim 5, which is combined. 10. The main rope according to claim 5, wherein the tensile strength per unit area of the outer layer portion is set lower than that of the inner layer portion. 11. The main rope according to claim 10, wherein the twist pitch of the outer strand is set to be larger than the twist pitch of the inner strand. 12. The main rope of the erepeta according to claim 10, wherein a twist direction of the strand of the inner strand disposed radially outside the inner layer portion and a twist direction of the strand of the outer strand are parallel to each other. 13. The main rope according to claim 1, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the outer layer strand is a flat shape extending along a circumferential direction of the outer layer portion. 14. The inner layer portion and the outer layer portion are in direct contact with each other, and at least a part of the outer layer strand extends parallel to the length direction of the outer layer portion on the inner layer strand side, and is disconnected and energized. A conductive wire for detecting the damage of the outer layer strand by being interrupted is disposed, and the inner layer strand that contacts the outer layer strand including the conductive wire has a strength not less than the strength of the conductive wire. 14. The main rope according to claim 13, wherein the contact wires are twisted. 15. The inner layer portion and the outer layer portion are in direct contact with each other, and the cross-sectional shape of the inner layer strand in contact with the outer layer strand is modified so that the contact area with the outer layer strand is larger than the circular cross section. Claim 13 of the main rope c 16. The main rope according to claim 1, wherein lubricating oil is provided between the inner strands.