WO2002042073A1 - Film multicouche et film de reflexion proche infrarouge - Google Patents
Film multicouche et film de reflexion proche infrarouge Download PDFInfo
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- WO2002042073A1 WO2002042073A1 PCT/JP2001/010239 JP0110239W WO0242073A1 WO 2002042073 A1 WO2002042073 A1 WO 2002042073A1 JP 0110239 W JP0110239 W JP 0110239W WO 0242073 A1 WO0242073 A1 WO 0242073A1
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- layer
- layers
- multilayer film
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- film
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/28—Interference filters
- G02B5/281—Interference filters designed for the infrared light
- G02B5/282—Interference filters designed for the infrared light reflecting for infrared and transparent for visible light, e.g. heat reflectors, laser protection
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a multilayer film and a near-infrared reflective film using the same. More specifically, light of an arbitrary wavelength band can be emitted by arranging layers having a low refractive index and layers having a high refractive index alternately and regularly and controlling the ratio of the maximum value to the minimum value of the thickness of each layer.
- the present invention relates to a multilayer film that selectively reflects light and a near-infrared reflective film using the same.
- a multilayer laminated film is an optical interference film that selectively reflects or transmits light of a specific wavelength by the structural light interference between layers with low refractive index and high refractive index alternately laminated. . If the wavelength of light selectively reflected or transmitted is in the visible light region, such a multilayer laminated film can be made into a film having excellent design properties due to structural coloration, for example, an iridescent color. Moreover, the design obtained here is due to the structural coloring of the multilayer laminated film, and is not due to dyes, so there is no problem of fading. In addition, since the multilayer laminated film has a high light reflectance without using a metal, it can be used as a metallic glossy film or a reflective mirror.
- the multilayer laminated film can further control the refractive index in the plane direction between layers or within the layer by stretching. For example, if the refractive index in the plane direction within the layer has anisotropy, the reflection can be improved. It also becomes a polarizing plate of the type.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. HEI 4-295584 discloses a reflective polymer object containing at least first and second heterogeneous polymer materials, wherein at least 3 A sufficient number of layers of the first and second polymer materials are included such that 0% is reflected, and some of the layers have an optical thickness of 0.09-0.45 m. The remaining layer has an optical thickness of less than 0.09111 or greater than 0.45 m, wherein the refractive indices of the first and second polymeric materials are at least about 0.0 3 different, and there is no visible color in the light reflected from the polymer object; A reflective polymer object is disclosed.
- Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. Hei 9-5106 837 discloses that a multilayer laminated stretched film obtained by stretching such a multilayer laminate film includes a crystalline naphthalenedicarboxylic acid polyester and at least one in-plane axis.
- Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 9-506984 discloses a reflective polarizer using such a multilayered polymer film.
- these multilayered polymer films can selectively reflect only a very narrow wavelength range, and in order to widen the reflection wavelength range, the refractive index must be increased. Either use a polymer with a large difference in the number of layers, or increase the number of layers extremely. Even for polymers with a large difference in refractive index, the refractive index of the polymer that can be laminated is limited, and there is a technical limit in increasing the number of layers, and at present, it reflects such a wider wavelength band The only way to do this was to stack several laminated films.
- the above two publications do not contain a lubricant in the surface layer in order to improve the optical transmittance, so that handling such as winding is difficult. Handling such as winding is not particularly problematic for thick films, but when thin films are formed, winding becomes extremely difficult and handling becomes substantially impossible.
- the light-emitting panel type plasma display has three primary colors (red, green, and blue) of the color image from the visible light region to the infrared wavelength region due to the structural factors of each pixel constituting the light source or discharge part.
- Light rays outside the wavelength band are emitted, for example, Strong near-infrared radiation is measured around 820 nm, 880 nm, and 980 nm in length.
- the near-infrared radiation causes a problem such as malfunction of peripheral devices. This is because it matches the near-infrared operating wavelength used in near-infrared communication devices such as TVs, video and cooler remote controllers, mobile communications, and personal computers.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-1056991 has a function of preventing malfunction of peripheral devices due to near infrared rays as described above, as well as a function of preventing external light reflection, and is used for a front panel of a video device display device.
- an external light antireflection film that can be suitably used for the above.
- the function of preventing the external light antireflection film from malfunctioning to peripheral devices due to near infrared rays is constituted by a layer of an expensive near infrared absorber and is colored by the near infrared absorber.
- the light transmittance in the visible light region tends to decrease.
- An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and to provide a multilayer film capable of selectively reflecting light in an arbitrary wavelength band over a wide range.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a near-infrared anti-film using the multilayer film of the present invention.
- Still another object of the present invention is to prevent malfunction of peripheral devices due to near-infrared rays emitted from the display surface of a plasma display, and to cope with low-cost, high light transmittance and prevention of near-infrared radiation in a wide band.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a near-infrared reflective film that can be used. Still other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description. According to the present invention, the above objects and advantages of the present invention are as follows: first, a first layer mainly composed of a polyester whose main repeating unit is ethylene-1,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate, and a refractive index of the polyester. A second layer consisting primarily of a thermoplastic resin having a lower refractive index,
- the first layer and the second layer each have a thickness of 0.05 to 0.5 m and are alternately laminated to form a laminate consisting of at least 11 layers,
- At least one of the first and second layers comprises layers of different thicknesses and the thickest layer has a thickness at least 1.2 times that of the thinnest layer, and in at least one direction. Oriented,.
- a near-infrared reflective film comprising the multilayer film of the present invention.
- the multilayer film of the present invention is formed by alternately laminating a first layer made of a polymer having a high refractive index and a second layer made of a polymer having a lower refractive index than the first layer.
- Polyester in which the main repeating unit is ethylene-1,2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate, which constitutes the first layer is polyethylene-1,2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate homopolymer, or at least 85 mol% of all repeating units.
- it is a copolymer in which more than 98 mol% is accounted for by ethylene-2,6-naphthalene diphenyloxylate.
- Particularly preferred is a polyethylene-1,2,6-naphthyldicarboxylate homopolymer.
- the use of these polyesters has an advantage that the first layer has a high refractive index by stretching.
- Examples of the copolymerization component constituting the above copolymer include dicarboxylic acid components such as terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, and aromatic dicarboxylic acids other than 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid such as 2,7-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid; Aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as acids, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, decanedicarboxylic acid; Alicyclic dicarboxylic acids such as xandicarboxylic acid; Examples of the darikol component include, for example, aliphatic diols such as butanediol and hexanediol; and alicyclic diols such as cyclohexanedimethanol.
- dicarboxylic acid components such as terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, and aromatic dicarboxylic acids other than 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid such as 2,7-naphthalenedi
- thermoplastic resin constituting the second layer has a lower refractive index than the polyester constituting the first layer.
- the refractive index thereof is lower than that of the polyester constituting the first layer by at least 0.05, more preferably by at least 0.02.
- Preferred examples of such a thermoplastic resin include the following three types (1) to (3).
- the polymer constituting the second layer is a mixture of polyethylene-2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate and polyethylene terephthalate or an ethylene terephthalate / ethylene isophthalate copolymer
- the polyethylene terephthalate The refractive index can be adjusted by changing the mixing ratio of polyethylene and 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate or the above copolymer, so that it is not necessary to prepare a number of polymers for adjusting the reflectance. Absent. In other words, there is an advantage that a multilayer film having various reflectances can be easily obtained simply by adjusting the mixing ratio in the mixture.
- the polymer of the second layer is a copolymer, it will be low in crystallinity, so extruding the polymer in the molten state may require special extruders and dryers.
- the decrease in crystallinity is small, and there is an advantage that the special equipment as described above is not required.
- the mixing ratio of polyethylene 1,2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate and polyethylene terephthalate or ethylene terephthalate / ethylene isophthalate copolymer is 5:95 to 95: 5, especially the weight ratio of the former to the latter, especially It is preferably in the range of 20:80 to 80:20.
- the proportion of polyethylene terephthalate or the above copolymer is less than 5% by weight, or polyethylene 1,6-naphthalene
- the proportion of dicarboxylate exceeds 95% by weight, the difference in refractive index from the first layer tends to be insufficient, while the proportion of polyethylene terephthalate or the above copolymer exceeds 95% by weight or If the proportion of polyethylene-2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate is less than 5% by weight, the difference in melt viscosity between the first layer and the first layer becomes excessively large, and it becomes extremely difficult to maintain a multilayered state.
- the polyethylene-1,6-naphthylene dicarboxylate homopolymer in the above mixture is preferably, for example, polyethylene-12,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate homopolymer, or at least 80 mol% of all repeating units, preferably Is a copolymer in which at least 90 mol% is ethylene-2,61-naphthalenedicarboxylate. Of these, the above homopolymers are preferred.
- Examples of the copolymer component constituting the copolymer include dicarboxylic acid components such as terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, and other aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as 2,7-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid; adipic acid, azelaic acid, and sebacic acid.
- dicarboxylic acid components such as terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, and other aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as 2,7-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid; adipic acid, azelaic acid, and sebacic acid.
- Acids aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as decanedicarboxylic acid; alicyclic dicarboxylic acids such as cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, and aliphatic alcohols such as butanediol and hexanediol as the dalicol component; cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid
- aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as decanedicarboxylic acid
- aliphatic alcohols such as butanediol and hexanediol as the dalicol component
- cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid An alicyclic diol such as methanol can be mentioned.
- the polyethylene terephthalate in the mixture is preferably, for example, a homopolymer of polyethylene terephthalate or a copolymer in which at least 80 mol, preferably 90 mol% or more of all the repeating units are occupied by ethylene terephthalate. It is. Of these, the above homopolymers are preferred.
- the dicarboxylic acid component includes, for example, other aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as isophthalic acid and 2,7-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid; adipic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, and the like.
- Aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as decanedicarboxylic acid; alicyclic dicarboxylic acids such as cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, and aliphatic alcohols such as butanediol and hexanediol; An alicyclic ring such as sandimethanol can be mentioned.
- ethylene terephthalate Sauce tocopolymer is preferred.
- the second layer forms two melting point peaks derived from each polymer.
- the higher peak temperature is preferably in the range of 220 to 260 ° C, more preferably 240 to 260 ° C.
- the temperature difference between the melting point of the polymer forming the first layer and the higher melting point peak of the mixture forming the second layer is preferably at least 10 ° C, more preferably at least 20 ° C. If this melting point difference is at least 10 ° C., the difference in orientation due to heat treatment tends to increase, and the difference in refractive index tends to increase.
- the stretched film is preferably subjected to a heat treatment (heat setting treatment) for thermal stabilization
- the polymer constituting the second layer is polyethylene-2,6-naphthalenedioxypropyloxylate.
- heat setting treatment heat setting treatment
- the temperature in the range of (Tm- 60) ° C to (Tm- 10) ° C, based on the melting point (Tm) of the polymer of the first layer.
- the heat treatment is preferably performed.
- Syndiotactic polystyrene has a three-dimensional syndiotactic structure, that is, the side chain phenyl group / substituted phenyl group are alternately opposite to the main chain formed from carbon-carbon bonds. Its tacticity is quantified by nuclear magnetic resonance using isotope carbon. Tacticity measured by this method can be indicated by the percentage of two or more consecutive structural units, for example, diad for two, triad for three, and pentad for five. .
- the syndiotactic polystyrene referred to in the present invention generally has a syndiotacticity of 75% or more, preferably 85% or more in racemic diat, or 30% or more, preferably 50% or more in racemic pentad.
- Examples include polystyrene, polyalkylstyrene, polyhalogenated styrene, polyalkoxystyrene, polyvinylbenzoic acid, hydrogenated polymers thereof, and copolymers thereof.
- Preferred among these Has a melting point in the range of 220 to 270. More preferably, it is in the range of 240 to 270 ° C.
- a copolymer can be used as the syndiotactic polystyrene, and a copolymer with p-methylstyrene is preferable.
- the melting point of homosyndiotactic polystyrene is 270 ° C.
- the amount of P-methylstyrene to be copolymerized may be adjusted. If the copolymerization amount of P-methylstyrene is large, the melting point decreases and the crystallinity also decreases.
- the copolymerization amount is preferably 0 to 20 mol%.
- the melting point is lower than 220 ° C, the crystallinity of syndiotactic polystyrene will be too low, making film formation difficult, and heat resistance (dimensional change when subjected to heat treatment) will be poor.
- the second layer made of syndiotactic polystyrene may have no problem if inert particles are added as long as the optical characteristics are not deteriorated, but the inert particles are not substantially contained. preferable. Atactic polystyrene is not preferred because it has low crystallinity and is difficult to form a film. Further, it does not have a crystalline structure or has a loose structure, and thus has poor heat resistance.
- Polyethylene 1,2-naphthalenedicarboxylate increases the refractive index in the stretching direction by stretching, but syndiotactic polystyrene exhibits a negative optical anisotropy, increasing the refractive index in the stretching direction. It is difficult to increase the refractive index difference between the two layers by stretching.
- the difference in melting point between the first layer composed of polyethylene-1,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate and the second layer composed of syndiotactic polystyrene is preferably within 30 ° C. If the difference is more than 30 ° C., it is not preferable because, after melting and laminating, solidification is performed to form an unstretched sheet, delamination occurs between layers, and peeling occurs during subsequent stretching.
- the stretched film is preferably subjected to a heat treatment (thermal fixation treatment) for thermal stabilization.
- a heat treatment thermal fixation treatment
- syndiotactic polystyrene is used as a polymer constituting the second layer
- the first film is used.
- the melting point (Tm) of the polymer in the layer it is preferable to perform the heat treatment at a temperature in the range of (Tm ⁇ 60) t: to (Tm ⁇ 10) ° C.
- the polymer constituting the second layer is copolyester having a melting point of 210 ° C to 245 ° C.
- the case of the above (3), which is the default, will be described.
- the melting point of the copolyester is lower than 210 ° C, the crystallinity of the polymer becomes too low, and it is difficult to form a film. In addition, the heat resistance of the second layer is poor, so that the overall heat resistance is likely to be adversely affected.
- the melting point of the copolyester exceeds 245 ° C., the crystallinity of the polymer increases, and the orientation crystallization at a relatively high stretching temperature with respect to the glass transition point (T g) of the polymer is increased. As a result, the continuous film-forming property deteriorates, and the adhesion to the first layer tends to decrease.
- the melting point and Tg of the copolyester can be adjusted by selecting and adjusting the type and amount of the copolymer component.
- Preferred examples of the copolyester include a copolyester whose main repeating unit is ethylene terephthalate and a copolyester whose main repeating unit is ethylene-1,2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate.
- the copolymerization component may be a dicarboxylic acid component or a glycol component.
- the dicarboxylic acid component include aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, and naphthalenedicarboxylic acid; adipic acid, and azelaine.
- Aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as acid, sebacic acid and decanedicarboxylic acid; alicyclic dicarboxylic acids such as cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid; and the dalicol component include aliphatic such as butanediolhexanediol.
- Diols include alicyclic diols such as cyclohexanedimethanol.
- the proportion of the above repeating units is preferably 4 to 18 mol%, more preferably 8 to 15 mol%, based on all repeating units in any polyester. No.
- the two layers be substantially free of inert particles, but as long as the optical characteristics are not deteriorated, there is no problem even if they are added.
- the intrinsic viscosity of the copolyester is 0.4. 5-0.8, more preferably 0.5-0.7.
- the difference between the glass transition points (Tg) of the first layer and the second layer of the multilayer film is preferably 40 ° C. or more.
- the temperature will be excessively high for the polymer of the second layer, and the orientation due to stretching will be suppressed.
- the polymer of the first layer is oriented by stretching and the refractive index is increased, but the orientation of the polymer of the second layer is suppressed, and the difference in the refractive index between the two is increased.
- the Tg difference is less than 40 ° C, the difference between the stretching temperature and the Tg of the second layer polymer is small, and the difference in the refractive index between the first and second layers after stretching is insufficient. Easy.
- the stretched film is preferably subjected to a heat treatment (thermal fixing treatment) for thermal stabilization, and a copolyester having a melting point of 210 ° C to 245 ° C is used as a polymer constituting the second layer.
- the melting point (Tm) of the polymer in the first layer is higher than the (melting point-30) ° C of the polymer in the second layer and higher than the (melting point -30) of the polymer in the first layer.
- the heat treatment is performed at a low temperature.
- At least one of the polymers constituting the first layer or the second layer has an average particle size of preferably from 0.01 lm to 2 m, more preferably from 0.05 lm to improve the winding property of the film.
- the light transmittance is preferably 70% or more. If the light transmittance is lower than 70%, the performance is insufficient for optical applications.
- inert particles examples include inorganic inert particles such as silica, alumina, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, kaolin, and talc, and organic inert particles such as silicone, cross-linked polystyrene, and styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer. Can be listed.
- the inert particles have a ratio of major axis to minor axis of 1.2 or less. It is preferable to use spherical particles having a particle diameter of 1.1 or less (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as true spherical particles) from the viewpoint of balancing the slipperiness and optical properties of the film.
- the inert particles preferably have a sharp particle size distribution, for example, those having a relative standard deviation of less than 0.3, more preferably less than 0.2. If particles with a large relative standard deviation are used, the frequency of coarse particles increases, which may cause optical defects.
- the average particle diameter, particle diameter ratio, and relative standard deviation of the inert particles are determined by first sputtering a very thin metal for imparting conductivity to the particle surface and using an electron microscope to increase the particle size by 10,000 to 30,000 times. The major axis, minor axis, and area circle equivalent diameter are calculated from the magnified image, and then these are applied to the following equation.
- Average particle size sum of area circle equivalent diameter of measured particles Z number of measured particles
- Particle size ratio average major axis of particles / average minor axis of the particles
- the inert particles particles that act as pigments, such as titanium oxide and zinc sulfide, and particles that are colored deteriorate the optical characteristics. Therefore, it is preferable to avoid using such particles as much as possible. . It is particularly preferable that the above-mentioned inert particles are contained in the first layer and the second layer contains substantially no inert particles.
- the lamination state of the first layer and the second layer in the present invention is such that the first layer and the second layer are alternately laminated in a total number of 11 layers or more, preferably 31 layers or more, and more preferably 41 layers or more. is there. If the number of layers is less than 11, the selective reflection due to multiple interference is small, and sufficient reflectance cannot be obtained.
- the upper limit of the number of layers is preferably at most 301 from the viewpoint of productivity and the like.
- the glass transition point of the polymer forming the first layer is usually higher than that of the polymer forming the second layer.
- the thermally unstable second layer is located at the inner layer, so that it can be produced at a sufficient stretching temperature or heat fixing temperature.
- the multilayer film of the present invention preferably has the first layer located at both end layers.
- end layers used in the present invention refers to the outermost layer in a direction perpendicular to the surface direction of the multilayer film.
- each of the first layer and the second layer has a thickness of 0.05 to 0.5 m, preferably 0.05 to 0.3 m. This thickness is necessary to reflect light selectively due to light interference between layers.
- the ratio obtained by dividing the maximum value of the thickness of each layer by the minimum value must be 1.2 or more. , Preferably 1.3 or more, more preferably 1.5 or more, and still more preferably 1.8 or more.
- the upper limit of the ratio of the maximum thickness of each layer divided by the minimum thickness is preferably at most 3. If the ratio exceeds 3, the reflection wavelength band becomes too wide, and it is difficult to obtain a sufficient reflectance.
- the multilayer film of the present invention for example, at least one of the first layer and the second layer, and preferably both of the layers are at least two of a layer group including a plurality of layers having the same thickness. And at least one of the first and second layers, preferably both layers, are oriented in one lamination direction. And a multilayer film composed of a plurality of layers whose thickness gradually decreases or increases. Randomly changing the thickness of the first layer or the second layer tends to reduce interference in each layer.
- the former multilayer film of the above specific example has at least two or more thickness peaks that can be clearly distinguished from the thickness distribution curve. Thickness peaks that can be clearly distinguished here are valleys that are less than half the frequency of both peaks between two thickness peaks when a distribution curve is drawn by dividing the thickness range from 0 to 1 m into 100 parts. Means what you do. Of the above specific examples, the latter multilayer film is preferred.
- the near-infrared reflective film of the present invention is used in combination with a plurality of multilayer films having different selected wavelengths in order to increase the range of the selective reflection wavelength. That As a combination method, multi-layer films having different selected wavelengths may be laminated at the time of film formation without interposing an adhesive or the like, or a plurality of multi-layer films may be laminated and then laminated with an adhesive or the like. Good. From the viewpoint of simplifying the process and preventing a decrease in the light interference effect due to the presence of an adhesive or the like, it is preferable to laminate the multilayer films having different selected wavelengths without forming an adhesive or the like during film formation.
- a near-infrared absorbing agent that absorbs a specific wavelength region may be contained, or a transparent film containing a near-infrared absorbing agent may be laminated and used in combination. it can.
- the reflective film of the present invention is stretched in at least one direction, and is preferably biaxially stretched.
- the stretching temperature is preferably in the range from the glass transition point (T g) of the resin of the first layer to (T g +50) ° C.
- the stretching ratio is preferably 2 to 10 times in the case of uniaxial stretching, and the stretching direction may be either the longitudinal direction or the transverse direction.
- the area magnification is preferably 5 to 25 times.
- the stretching ratio increases, the variation in the plane direction of each of the first and second layers becomes absolutely smaller due to the thinning by stretching, and the light interference of the multilayer film becomes uniform in the plane direction. It is preferred.
- the stretching method known stretching methods such as sequential biaxial stretching, simultaneous biaxial stretching, tubular uniaxial stretching, and inflation stretching can be used.
- sequential biaxial stretching is advantageous in terms of productivity and quality.
- the stretched film is preferably stabilized by heat treatment for thermal stability.
- the heat treatment temperature is preferably higher than (the melting point of the second layer—30) ° C. and lower than (the melting point of the first layer—30) ° C. However, if the temperature is too high, melting of the second layer starts, so that the thickness unevenness is deteriorated and the continuous film forming property is reduced.
- the multilayer film of the present invention uses, for example, a feed block made of a polymer forming the first layer mainly composed of polyethylene-2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate containing inert particles and a polymer forming the second layer.
- the two layers are laminated alternately by the simultaneous multilayer extrusion method, preferably such that the first layer is formed on both surfaces, and are spread on a die.
- the polymer laminated in the feed block maintains the laminated form, and by adjusting the thickness of each layer laminated in the feed block, the thickness is gradually or gradually decreased or increased. Changes in the first layer or Can be applied to the second layer.
- the sheet extruded from the die is cooled and solidified on a casting drum to form an unstretched film.
- the unstretched film is heated to a predetermined temperature, stretched in a machine direction and / or a transverse direction, heat-treated at a predetermined temperature, and wound up.
- the multilayer film of the present invention is laminated with another transparent resin film, an antireflection layer, a metal thin film, a hard coat layer, or another multilayer laminated stretched film having a different reflectance for the purpose of adjusting the thickness and improving the handleability. May be used in the form of a laminated body.
- the other transparent measurement film is defined as a substance having a small loss of light amount due to scattering and diffusion of light and having a haze of 10% or less measured according to JIS K-710. Larger refractive index is more advantageous.
- Polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene 1,6-naphthalate, polycarbonate, triacetyl cellulose, polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, polychlorinated Vinyl is preferably cited as a suitable example.
- the thickness of the transparent resin film is preferably from 25 to 200 m, more preferably from 50 to 150 m. If the thickness of the transparent resin film is less than 25 nm, the strength is insufficient, and if it exceeds 200 m, the rigidity of the film is increased and the secondary workability on the display surface of the video equipment is inferior.
- a method of lamination coextrusion at the time of extrusion, lamination with an adhesive, and the like are used. The lamination is applied to one or both sides of the transparent resin film.
- an antireflection layer is formed on one surface of the transparent resin film, and a multilayer laminate stretching is performed on the other surface of the transparent resin film.
- it is in the form of a laminate in which films are laminated.
- any processing method can be selected as a method for forming the antireflection layer, and there is no particular limitation.
- a method of reducing the luminous reflectance by irregularly reflecting external light for example, by applying silicon dioxide, which is an ultrafine particle having a particle diameter equal to or smaller than the wavelength of visible light, to one surface of the above-mentioned transparent resin film, and irregularly reflecting light.
- a method of forming an anti-reflection film that causes blemishes or a method of forming a cured film on one surface of a transparent resin film and forming an anti-reflection layer on the magnesium fluoride layer by vapor deposition, or a method of forming one or both surfaces of a transparent resin film
- a method of forming a thin film refractive index layer These methods are available. Among them, a simple and effective method is to form a thin-film refractive index layer and reduce the reflectance by interference of light between the surface reflected light of the thin film layer and the refracted reflected light at the interface.
- the transparent resin film substrate is formed of a thin film having a low refractive index on the outermost layer of the transparent resin film as an antireflection layer with a thin film having a thickness of 1/4 of the wavelength of visible light, the reflected light on the upper surface and the reflected light on the lower surface are reduced. Surface reflection is reduced by the canceling interference effect.
- the refractive index of the thin film as the antireflection layer is preferably lower than the refractive index of the transparent resin film, and a non-crystalline transparent fluorinated polymer is preferable.
- the thin film anti-reflection layer made of an amorphous transparent fluorinated polymer is formed by forming a transparent fluorinated polymer having a refractive index of 1.28 to 1.44 to a thickness of 0.05 to 0.25 m. It is preferable that the obtained material has a total light reflectance of less than 7%.
- CYTOP manufactured by Asahi Glass
- Teflon AF product name “Teflon AF”
- a transparent resin film substrate coated by a spray coating method, a spin coating method, a date coating method, a mouth coating method, a gravure coating method or a die coating method. These coating methods are capable of continuous processing, and are superior in productivity to patch-type deposition methods and the like.
- an active energy ray treatment such as a corona discharge treatment or an ultraviolet treatment, or a primer treatment may be applied.
- an antistatic layer is provided between the transparent resin film and the antireflection layer, it is more suitably used for displays. That is, a metal oxide such as tin oxide or a surfactant is used as an antistatic agent, and it is desirable that the surface resistance value of the transparent conductive agent layer obtained by these materials be 10 1 (5 ⁇ or less).
- the polyester chip is sampled at 2 Omg, and the glass transition point and the melting point are measured using a DSC (DSC2920) manufactured by TA Instruments at a heating rate of 20 ° C / min.
- DSC DSC2920
- the embedded sample was cut into thin sections of 5 Onm thickness using a microtome (ULTRACUT-S), and observed at an accelerating voltage of 100 kv using a transmission electron microscope. The thickness of each layer was measured from the photograph, and the thickness of the thickest layer of each layer was defined as the maximum thickness and the thickness of the thinnest layer was determined as the minimum thickness of the first and second layers.
- UTRACUT-S microtome
- the relative specular reflectance with the aluminum-deposited mirror at each wavelength is measured in the wavelength range from 350 nm to 2,100 nm.
- the largest of the measured reflectivities is defined as the maximum reflectivity.
- the peak wavelength is not specified because there are many cases where there are multiple wavelengths showing the maximum reflectance.
- the light transmittance at each wavelength is measured using a Shimadzu MPC-3100 spectrophotometer in the range of 350 nm to 2,100 nm.
- the average light transmittance in the visible light portion (450 to 700 nm) is defined as the total light transmittance.
- Rewinding can be performed by reducing the speed or adjusting the conditions
- the obtained multi-layer film is installed on the remote control receiver of the home TV, and the remote controller sends remote control signals (signal wavelengths of 950 nm and 850 nm) from the remote location from a distance of 2 m to the home. Tested whether the TV responded.
- the near-infrared ray emitted from the PDP display is weaker than the near-infrared ray emitted from the remote controller. Therefore, if there is no response in this test, it is possible to prevent the remote control failure from occurring. Something that does not respond to the remote controller
- Intrinsic viscosity orthochlorophenol, 35 ° C 0.62 Polyethylene mono 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate (PEN) and intrinsic viscosity (orthochlorophenol, 35) 0.63 Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was prepared. Then, PEN was added with 0.1 lwt% of spherical silica particles (average particle diameter: 0.12 m, ratio of major axis to minor axis: 1.02, average deviation of particle diameter: 0.1). As a resin for the first layer, a mixture of PEN and PET without inert particles in a weight ratio of 50:50 was prepared as a resin for the second layer.
- the resin for the first layer After drying the resin for the first layer at 160 ° C for 3 hours and the mixed resin for the second layer at 160 for 3 hours, it is fed to an extruder and melted. After the polymer for the layer is branched into 30 layers, the slit width of each layer gradually increases, and the layered state is checked using a multilayer feed block device in which the first layer and the second layer are alternately stacked. The sheet was guided to a die while being held, and cast on a casting drum to produce a total of 61 layers of unstretched sheets in which the first and second layers were alternately stacked while the thickness of each layer was gradually changed.
- the extrusion amount of the first layer and the second layer was adjusted to be 1: 0.8, and the layers were laminated such that both end layers became the first layer.
- the unstretched laminated sheet is stretched 3.5 times in the machine direction at a temperature of 150 ° C, and further 155.
- the film was stretched 5.5 times in the transverse direction at a stretching temperature of C, and heat set at 230 ° C for 3 seconds.
- the production conditions are shown in Table 1, and the physical properties of the obtained multilayer laminated stretched film are shown in Table 2. Examples 2 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4
- Example 2 shows the obtained physical properties.
- Example 1 269 0.14 0.07 254 0.11 0.06 410 620 46 48 ⁇ Example 2 269 0.2 0.06 254 0.16 0.05 380 850 38 52 ⁇ Example 3 269 0.2 0.06 254 0.16 0.05 370 865 68 22 ⁇ Example 4 269 0.14 0.07 270 0.11 0.06 410 620 54 36 ⁇ Example 5 269 0.14 0.07 244 0.11 0.06 410 620 52 38 ⁇ Example 6 269 0.14 0.07 254 0.11 0.06 410 620 46 50 X Example 7 269 0.14 0.07 254 0.11 0.06 410 620 46 42 ⁇ Example 8 269 0.14 0.07 254 0.11 0.06 410 620 46 44 ⁇ Comparative example 1 269 0.14 0.13 254 0.11 0.1 580.600 57 80 X Comparative example 2 269 0.14 0.13 254 0.11 0.1 575 605 78 77 X Comparative Example 3 269 0.14 0.13
- the inert particles shown in Table 1 are as follows.
- Inert particles A true spherical silica particles (average particle size: 0.12 urn, ratio of major axis to minor axis: 1.02, average deviation of particle diameter: 0.1)
- Inert particles B Lumped calcium carbonate (average particle size: 0.01 rn, ratio of major axis to minor axis: 1.4, average deviation of particle diameter: 0.25)
- Inert particles C spherical silicone (average particle size: 0.15 m, ratio of major axis to minor axis: 1.1, average deviation of particle diameter: 0.30)
- the resin types of the second layer shown in Table 1 are as follows.
- Resin type H PEN without inert particles and PET mixed at a weight ratio of 50:50
- Resin type I Syndiotactic polystyrene without inert particles
- Resin type J Copolymerization of 12mo 1% isophthalic acid without inert particles
- Resin type K PET without inert particles
- the melting point shown in Table 2 indicates the higher temperature when there are two or more melting point peaks.
- the multilayer films of Examples 1 to 8 can selectively reflect light over a wide wavelength band of 20 Onm or more by changing the thickness of each layer. It can be seen that by controlling the ratio of the maximum and the minimum of the thickness, a high reflectance is obtained in an arbitrary wavelength range. On the other hand, Comparative Examples 1 to 4 did not have a reflection function over a wide wavelength band because the thickness of each layer was uniform. Further, as in the examples, by adding the inert particles, the multilayer film of the present invention was obtained with excellent winding properties.
- Polyethylene-1,2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylate containing 0.1 Iwt% of spherical silica particles having an average particle diameter of 0.2, a ratio of major axis to minor axis of 1.05, and a standard deviation of particle diameter of 0.15 ⁇ ) was prepared as a resin for the first layer, and polyethylene terephthalate (IA) was prepared by copolymerizing 12% by mole of isophthalic acid containing no inert particles. 12) was prepared as a resin for the second layer.
- the glass transition point (T g) of the resin for the first layer was 121 ° C.
- the glass transition point (T g) of the resin for the second layer was 74.
- each resin After drying each resin at 170 ° C for 6 hours and at 160 ° C for 3 hours, it is supplied to an extruder and melted, and the polymer for the first layer is used for the 101 layer and the second layer. After the polymer is branched into 100 layers, the slit width of each layer gradually increases, and the lamination is performed using a multilayer feed block device in which the first and second layers are alternately laminated. While maintaining the state, it was led to a die, cast on a casting drum, and the first and second layers were alternately laminated while the thickness of each layer was gradually changed. It was created.
- the extrusion amount of the first layer and the second layer was adjusted so as to be 1: 0.8, and the layers were laminated such that both end layers became the first layer.
- This laminated unstretched sheet is stretched 3.5 times in the machine direction at a temperature of 150, further stretched 5.5 times in the transverse direction at a stretching temperature of 150, and heated at 230 ° C for 3 seconds.
- a fixing process was performed to obtain a reflective film.
- the obtained reflective film has an overall thickness of about 36 m, a maximum thickness of the first layer of about 0.25 m, a minimum thickness of the first layer of about 0.18, a maximum thickness of the second layer of about 0.
- the minimum thickness of the layer was 0.12 m, and it was confirmed that the thickness changed almost continuously in both layers.
- the optical characteristics of the obtained reflective film are as follows: a maximum reflectance of 96%, a wavelength range showing a reflectance of 85% or more from about 700 nm to 1,700 nm, and a light transmittance of visible light of 70%. %Met.
- the manufacturing conditions are shown in Tables 3 and 4, and the characteristics of the obtained reflection film are shown in Table 5.
- Example 9 The same operation as in Example 9 was repeated, except that the number of branched layers of the first layer and the second layer was changed to 41 layers and 40 layers, respectively, and the thickness of the entire film was changed to 14 m.
- the thickness of the obtained reflective film changes almost continuously in both layers, and its optical characteristics are as follows: a maximum reflectance of 86%, a wavelength range showing a reflectance of 85% or more from about 840 nm to 98%.
- the transmittance was 0 nm and the transmittance of visible light was 78%.
- the cutoff ⁇ fe ability near 800 nm was slightly weaker than that of the reflective film of Example 9.
- Table 5 shows the characteristics of the obtained reflective film. Examples 11 to 13
- Example 9 The same operation as in Example 9 was repeated except that the resins of the first layer and the second layer were changed as shown in Tables 3 and 4, respectively, to obtain multilayer near-infrared reflective films of Examples 11 to 13.
- the thickness of the obtained reflective film was almost continuously changed in both layers, and both reflective films had low transmittance of near-infrared rays from 800 nm to 950 nm, and there was no problem in the near-infrared ray blocking test.
- Table 5 shows the properties of the obtained reflective film.
- Example 9 A method similar to that of Example 9 was repeated, except that only the same resin as the first layer in Example 9 was used, and a single-layer film having a thickness of 36 m was used.
- the resulting reflective film has no near-infrared reflection and absorption properties, and the properties are shown in Table 5.
- Comparative Example 5 The same operation as in Comparative Example 5 was carried out except that 0.5% by weight of a nickel complex type near-red absorber (IRADD IT IVE 200) manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Co., Ltd. was included and the thickness was changed to 25 m and 75 m. Repeated. The obtained 25 m monolayer film was inadequate in blocking the near-infrared ray, and the obtained 75 m monolayer film had a sufficient light blockage for wavelengths around 850 ⁇ m. The light blocking ratio for 950 nm is not sufficient, and their properties are shown in Table 5.
- IRADD IT IVE 200 nickel complex type near-red absorber manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Co., Ltd.
- Example 10 41 PEN 269 121 Spherical silica 0.2 0.1 0.25 0.18
- Example 11 101 PEN 269 121 Spherical silica 0.2 0.1 0.25 0.18
- Example 12 101 PEN 269 121 Spherical silica 0.2 0.1 0.25 0.18
- Example 13 101 ⁇ -PEN 222 '93 Spherical silica 0.2 J 0.1 0.25 0.18
- Example 9 70 67 69 75 70 12 6 5 4 6 8 18 ⁇ ⁇ Example 10 78 69 71 74 73 45 15 15 14 14 45 ⁇ ⁇ Example 11 72 67 72 75 71 17 10 9 9 10 10 12 ⁇ ⁇ Example 12 71 67 71 74 68 25 14 12 12 11 10 10 ⁇ ⁇ Example 13 70 66 70 73 69 24 15 14 14 14 16 ⁇ ⁇ Compare Example 5 88 87 87 88 88 89 89 89 89 89 89 89 89 89 89 XX Comparative Example 6 72 40 75 68 71 25 19 20 45 66 70 72 XX Comparative Example 7 62 38 72 65 68 20 8 15 33 62 68 70 ⁇ X
- PEN polyethylene 1,6-naphthalene diphenyloxypropylate
- IA18-PEN polyethylene in which an isophthalic acid component is copolymerized by 18 mol% with respect to all dicarboxylic acid components.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate in which the isophthalic acid component is copolymerized with 12 mol% of all dicarboxylic acid components, sPS is syndiotactic polystyrene, I Al 8-PEN / I A15-PET is a polyethylene-poly (2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate) and isophthalic acid component obtained by copolymerizing 18% by mole of isophthalic acid component with respect to all dicarboxylic acid components. It is a mixture of polyethylene terephthalate copolymerized with 15 mol% with respect to the dicarboxylic acid component at a weight ratio of 50:50.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Optical Filters (AREA)
- Shaping By String And By Release Of Stress In Plastics And The Like (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01997192A EP1350618B1 (en) | 2000-11-27 | 2001-11-22 | Multilayered film and near-infrared-ray reflection film |
| KR10-2003-7006032A KR20030051763A (ko) | 2000-11-27 | 2001-11-22 | 다층 필름 및 근적외선 반사 필름 |
| DE60137456T DE60137456D1 (en) | 2000-11-27 | 2001-11-22 | Lexionsfolie |
| AU2002221035A AU2002221035A1 (en) | 2000-11-27 | 2001-11-22 | Multilayered film and near-infrared-ray reflection film |
| US10/432,716 US20040069977A1 (en) | 2000-11-27 | 2001-11-22 | Multilayered film and near-infrared-ray reflection film |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000-359135 | 2000-11-27 | ||
| JP2000-359136 | 2000-11-27 | ||
| JP2000359135A JP2002160339A (ja) | 2000-11-27 | 2000-11-27 | 多層積層延伸フィルム |
| JP2000359136A JP2002162518A (ja) | 2000-11-27 | 2000-11-27 | プラズマディスプレイ前面板用近赤外線反射フィルムおよびそれからなる積層体 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2002042073A1 true WO2002042073A1 (fr) | 2002-05-30 |
| WO2002042073A8 WO2002042073A8 (fr) | 2003-02-13 |
Family
ID=26604598
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2001/010239 Ceased WO2002042073A1 (fr) | 2000-11-27 | 2001-11-22 | Film multicouche et film de reflexion proche infrarouge |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20040069977A1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1350618B1 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR20030051763A (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN100406250C (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU2002221035A1 (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE60137456D1 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2002042073A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI281891B (en) * | 2002-03-01 | 2007-06-01 | Teijin Ltd | Biaxially oriented multi-layered laminated film and method for manufacture thereof |
| US7494702B2 (en) * | 2003-10-27 | 2009-02-24 | Teijin Dupont Films Japan Limited | Near-infrared ray shielding film |
| WO2005073318A1 (ja) * | 2004-01-29 | 2005-08-11 | Teijin Dupont Films Japan Limited | 二軸配向フィルム |
| EP2330535A1 (en) * | 2004-05-22 | 2011-06-08 | 3M Innovative Properties Co. | Cards and laminates incorporating multilayer optical films |
| CN101142499A (zh) * | 2004-09-28 | 2008-03-12 | 布鲁尔科技公司 | 用于光电子用途的可固化的高折射率树脂 |
| US7652736B2 (en) | 2005-10-25 | 2010-01-26 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Infrared light reflecting film |
| US7439000B2 (en) | 2005-10-25 | 2008-10-21 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | High clarity cholesteric liquid crystal films |
| US7636193B2 (en) | 2006-05-02 | 2009-12-22 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Visible light-transmissive IR filter with distorted portions |
| US7710035B2 (en) | 2006-08-10 | 2010-05-04 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Plasma display apparatus omitting an exhaust unit |
| KR100809849B1 (ko) * | 2006-11-10 | 2008-03-04 | 엘지.필립스 엘시디 주식회사 | 광학 필름 및 이의 제조 방법, 그리고 액정 표시 장치 |
| WO2008081892A1 (ja) * | 2006-12-28 | 2008-07-10 | Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd. | 光選択透過フィルター |
| JP5707669B2 (ja) * | 2009-02-05 | 2015-04-30 | セントラル硝子株式会社 | プラスチックフィルム挿入合わせガラス |
| JP4901978B2 (ja) * | 2010-05-31 | 2012-03-21 | 住友化学株式会社 | 延伸フィルム、偏光性延伸フィルムおよび偏光板の製造方法 |
| EP2431422A3 (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2013-07-10 | Rohm and Haas Company | IR - reflecting compositions |
| WO2012161096A1 (ja) * | 2011-05-20 | 2012-11-29 | コニカミノルタホールディングス株式会社 | 赤外遮蔽フィルム |
| CN103890619B (zh) * | 2011-10-20 | 2016-08-17 | 帝人杜邦薄膜日本有限公司 | 单轴延伸多层层叠膜 |
| CN104066580B (zh) * | 2011-11-29 | 2016-01-13 | 帝人杜邦薄膜日本有限公司 | 双轴拉伸层叠聚酯膜、包含其的夹层玻璃用红外线屏蔽结构体以及包含它们的夹层玻璃 |
| CN104583820B (zh) * | 2012-08-29 | 2017-07-11 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 近红外线截止滤波器 |
| JP6938153B2 (ja) | 2013-09-06 | 2021-09-22 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | 多層光学フィルム |
| KR101399425B1 (ko) * | 2013-12-16 | 2014-05-27 | 에스케이씨 주식회사 | 다층 연신 필름 |
| KR102532418B1 (ko) * | 2015-03-02 | 2023-05-15 | 도레이 카부시키가이샤 | 적층 필름 및 그 제조 방법 |
| DE102022202287A1 (de) * | 2022-03-07 | 2023-09-07 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Objekt mit einem Konstruktive-Interferenz-Schichtenpaket, System mit einem Fahrzeug und einem entsprechenden Objekt, sowie Verfahren zur Detektion eines Objekts |
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| EP0469732A2 (en) * | 1990-07-24 | 1992-02-05 | The Dow Chemical Company | Infrared reflective optical interference film |
| US5360659A (en) * | 1993-05-24 | 1994-11-01 | The Dow Chemical Company | Two component infrared reflecting film |
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| WO1997001774A1 (en) * | 1995-06-26 | 1997-01-16 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | High efficiency optical devices |
| JPH09300518A (ja) * | 1996-05-16 | 1997-11-25 | Toray Ind Inc | 積層フィルムおよびその製造方法 |
| JP2000141567A (ja) * | 1998-11-04 | 2000-05-23 | Teijin Ltd | 多層積層延伸ポリエステルフィルム |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0886295B1 (en) * | 1997-06-19 | 2003-08-20 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Front panel for plasma display |
| US6049419A (en) * | 1998-01-13 | 2000-04-11 | 3M Innovative Properties Co | Multilayer infrared reflecting optical body |
| JP3752410B2 (ja) * | 1999-12-24 | 2006-03-08 | 帝人株式会社 | 多層積層延伸フィルム |
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2001
- 2001-11-22 WO PCT/JP2001/010239 patent/WO2002042073A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2001-11-22 AU AU2002221035A patent/AU2002221035A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-11-22 KR KR10-2003-7006032A patent/KR20030051763A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2001-11-22 DE DE60137456T patent/DE60137456D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-11-22 EP EP01997192A patent/EP1350618B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-11-22 US US10/432,716 patent/US20040069977A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-11-22 CN CNB018195458A patent/CN100406250C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| EP0469732A2 (en) * | 1990-07-24 | 1992-02-05 | The Dow Chemical Company | Infrared reflective optical interference film |
| US5360659A (en) * | 1993-05-24 | 1994-11-01 | The Dow Chemical Company | Two component infrared reflecting film |
| WO1995017303A1 (en) * | 1993-12-21 | 1995-06-29 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Multilayered optical film |
| WO1996019347A2 (en) * | 1994-12-20 | 1996-06-27 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Multilayered optical film |
| WO1997001778A1 (en) * | 1995-06-26 | 1997-01-16 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Transparent multilayer device |
| WO1997001774A1 (en) * | 1995-06-26 | 1997-01-16 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | High efficiency optical devices |
| JPH09300518A (ja) * | 1996-05-16 | 1997-11-25 | Toray Ind Inc | 積層フィルムおよびその製造方法 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1350618A4 (en) | 2005-12-21 |
| CN100406250C (zh) | 2008-07-30 |
| EP1350618A1 (en) | 2003-10-08 |
| KR20030051763A (ko) | 2003-06-25 |
| AU2002221035A1 (en) | 2002-06-03 |
| WO2002042073A8 (fr) | 2003-02-13 |
| US20040069977A1 (en) | 2004-04-15 |
| EP1350618B1 (en) | 2009-01-14 |
| CN1476384A (zh) | 2004-02-18 |
| DE60137456D1 (en) | 2009-03-05 |
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