WO2002040930A1 - Fan drive for a compressor pertaining to a refrigerating device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a fan drive for ventilating a compressor of a refrigerating device and a condenser, whereby the drive motor pertaining to the compressor of the refrigerating device and driving a drive shaft, and the compressor of the refrigerating device, are arranged inside a closed housing. The fan is positioned outside said housing. The drive shaft directly or indirectly drives at least one magnetic or magnetisable component arranged inside the housing, in a rotating manner. At least one second magnetic or magnetisable component is arranged outside the housing, is connected to a shaft, and is directly or indirectly connected to a fan moving in a rotating manner. Said magnetic or magnetisable components are adjacent inside and outside the housing, and are separated by a non-magnetisable housing wall. During operation, at least one of the magnetic or magnetisable components produces a magnetic field.

Description

 Drive of a blower for a cold equipment compressor

The invention relates to a drive of a blower for 'the ventilation of a cold seal seal and a condenser, in which the drive motor driving the drive shaft of the cold seal seal and the cold seal seal are arranged within a closed housing and the fan is mounted outside of this housing.

From DE 199 07 077 A1 the drive of a fan for convection to a cold device seal is known. This drive is an electric motor that drives the fan shaft directly. This fan drive is powered separately from a voltage source. The electrical connection requires the laying and connection of electrical lines. The motor required for the low power has poor efficiency and deteriorates, among other things. the efficiency of refrigeration through its heat emission. The energy required to drive the blower is added to the energy of the other consumers.

The present invention is therefore based on the problem of developing a drive for a blower of a cold pack compressor, which consumes little energy during operation and requires little assembly effort.

This problem is solved with the features of the main claim. For this purpose, the drive shaft directly or indirectly drives at least one magnetic or magnetizable component arranged inside the housing, so that at least one of its magnetic poles is moved in a circular path around the part of the shaft connected to the magnetic or magnetizable component. Outside the housing, at least one second magnetic or magnetizable component connected to a shaft is arranged, which is connected directly or indirectly to a rotationally moved fan, at least one of the poles of the magnetic or magnetizable component being moved in a circular path around the shaft. The magnetic or magnetizable components are inside and outside of the Housing adjacent and are separated by a non-magnetizable housing wall. At least one of the magnetic or magnetizable components generates a magnetic field during operation.

In this arrangement, the drive of the blower is coupled to the drive motor of the cold seal compressor using a magnetic field. This means that there is no need for a separate motor for the blower. The additional energy requirement of the drive motor of the cold device seal is low. This motor works with better efficiency than an electric motor that only drives the blower. It is also omitted e.g. the heat radiation from the fan motor, e.g. affects the efficiency of the cold pack seal. Thus, the arrangement of the drive of the fan works with the help of the magnetic. Field more energy efficient than a separate drive for the blower.

By eliminating the motor, the costs of the motor as well as the assembly effort of the engine including the assembly effort for e.g. electrical control of the motor. The blower and its mounting parts must only be aligned with the housing of the cold seal. This unit is therefore easier to assemble than a separate drive.

The condenser or condenser pipes are located in the air flow of the blower.

Of the magnetic or magnetizable components arranged nearby inside and outside the housing, e.g. one be a permanent magnet or electromagnet and the other e.g. also a permanent magnet or a magnetizable metallic material. The poles of the magnets can be arranged eccentrically along the shaft or arranged perpendicular to the shaft.

In the area between the magnetic or magnetizable components, the housing consists of a non-magnetizable material. As a result, no magnetization energy is lost when the field lines pass through the non-magnetizable area. Especially when the direction of the magnetic field changes, no magnetic loss is generated. At least one of the magnetic or magnetizable components builds up a magnetic field during operation. When the drive is operating, there is therefore a magnetic field between the inner and the outer component, which transmits a force effect from inside the housing to the outside or from outside the housing to the inside. The component that builds up a magnetic field can be, for example, a permanent magnet or an electromagnet.

The shaft arranged inside and outside can be arranged approximately in alignment. In such an arrangement, the angular velocity of the rotational movements of the two shafts is only differentiated by the amount of slip. The assembly tolerance of the magnetic or magnetizable components to one another can be large. At least one “PoJ” of a magnetic or magnetizable component sweeps over the center of the other wave on its circular path. The magnetic field builds up between these components and exerts a force between the components.

At least one of the magnetic or magnetizable components can be a permanent magnet. The adjacent component separated by the non-magnetizable housing wall can also be a permanent magnet, for example. But it can also consist of a magnetizable material or be designed as an electromagnet.

Similar variants are conceivable ^~ if one of the magnetic or magnetizable component is an electromagnet. The adjacent component can then, for example, also be an electromagnet, consist of a magnetizable material or be a permanent magnet.

Further details of the invention emerge from the subclaims and the following description of a schematically illustrated exemplary embodiment.

Figure 1: Drive diagram of an externally driven blower for a Kaltegerateverdichter FIG. 1 shows a drive diagram of an externally driven blower for a cold equipment compressor.

An electric motor (20) is arranged in the housing (10) and drives a refrigeration device compressor (30). This can e.g. a single-acting reciprocating compressor _ein. The shaft (23) of the electric motor (20) is i.a. connected to a magnet (40) arranged in the vicinity of an inner wall of the housing (10). A second magnet (50) is arranged outside the housing (10) and is connected to a blower (70).

The housing (10) is, for example, cuboid. At least one area (12) of its outer wall is made of a non-magnetizable material, e.g. X 5 CrNi 18 9. This area (12) is e.g. Part of a side wall of the housing (10).

The electric motor (20) is electrically connected to a voltage source (8). This can deliver a direct or alternating voltage, for example. In the case of a direct current source, the motor can be, for example, a shunt or series motor, in the case of an alternating voltage source, for example, a commutator motor or a squirrel cage motor.

The rotor of the electric motor (20) is seated on a shaft (23) which drives the cold device seal (30) ^" . This shaft (23) has a free end (24). For example, the permanent magnet (40) is arranged on this. This permanent magnet (40) is aligned in such a way that the connecting line of its north (42) and south pole (43) is perpendicular to the shaft (23) and the magnet (40) - so as not to create an imbalance - is aligned symmetrically to the shaft (23) When the shaft (23) is installed in the housing (10), the shaft (23) is arranged normal to the non-magnetizable region (12) of the housing (10.) The center line of the permanent magnet (40) is aligned parallel to the region (12). This area (12) has at least the area of a circle, the diameter of which corresponds to a diagonal of the magnet (40) arranged perpendicular to the shaft (23).

A second permanent magnet (50) is arranged outside the housing (10). He has approximately the same dimensions as the permanent magnet (40) arranged inside the housing (10). This magnet (50) is arranged such that the connecting line between its two poles is parallel to the non-magnetizable area (12). The permanent magnet (50) is connected to a shaft (60), which is arranged normal to the non-magnetizable area (12) of the housing wall. The unc is mounted in the bearing (80). The center of gravity of the magnet (50) is on the center line of the shaft (60). When installed, the shaft (60) is aligned with the shaft (23) located inside the housing (10). The blower (70), for example in the form of a two-bladed propeller, is arranged on the end (64) of the shaft (60) opposite the permanent magnet (50).

Becomes . the . Electric motor, (20) connected to the electric JN, 3tz,, the rotational movement of the rotor (22) is transmitted to the shaft (23). The permanent magnet (40) arranged at the free end (24) of the shaft (23) rotates at the speed of the shaft (23). There is a magnetic field around the permanent magnet (40).

The magnetic field (56) connects the north (42) and the south pole (43) of the permanent magnet (40). The infinitesimally small parts of magnetizable components that are located in the area of the field (56) are aligned in the direction of the field (56).

The second permanent magnet (50) aligns itself by rotating the shaft (60) in the .agerüήg (80) ^~ so that its south pole (53) has the shortest distance to the ^" north pole (42) of the permanent magnet (40) and its north pole (52) has the shortest distance from the south pole (43) of the permanent magnet (40). Between the two magnets (40, 50) two magnetic fields (56) penetrate the non-magnetizable area (12), which separate the north pole (42, 52) connect one with the south pole (43, 53) of the other magnet (40, 50).

When the motor shaft (23) rotates, the permanent magnet (40) rotates through the same angle of rotation as the shaft (23). When the position of the magnet (40) changes, the magnetic fields (56) change. This change in the fields (56) causes a force effect of the magnets (40, 50) on one another, which increases with increasing difference in the angular position of the magnets (40, 50). Since the externally arranged magnet (50) in of the bearing (80) is freely rotatable, this force causes this magnet (50) to rotate with the shaft (60) as soon as the forces directed against the rotation, such as the friction in the bearing (80) and the moment of inertia, are overcome. The shaft (60) outside the housing (10) is rotated with a delay until the poles (42, 53 or 43, 52) of the »magnets (40, 50) have again reached the shortest distance from each other.

If the speed of the shaft (23) is increased, the speed of the change in the field lines accelerates. The permanent magnet (50) arranged outside the housing (10) tends to be aligned parallel to the magnet (40) arranged inside. Depending on the moment of inertia of the system arranged outside the housing (10), as well as the friction of the shaft (60) in .d.eη bearing (80), the rotational movement of the magnet (50) is delayed compared to that of the leading permanent magnet (40). A slip occurs between the two movements.

This slip during acceleration is smaller, the smaller the moment of inertia of the permanent magnet (50), its shaft (60) and the fan (70) arranged outside the housing (10). Between magnet (50) and blower (70) e.g. a reduction stage may be arranged. The mass moment of inertia of the blower (70) reduced to the shaft (60) on the magnet (50) then decreases in the ratio of the square of the reduction ratio. At constant speed, the slip is primarily determined by the force of the magnetic fields (56) and the friction in the bearing (80).

The non-magnetizable area (12) can also be made of a non-metallic material, e.g. Plastic. This does not or only slightly deflects the imaginary field lines that form around the magnets (40 or 50). For example, the magnetic forces of the permanent magnet (40) arranged inside the housing (10) act unhindered and almost loss-free on the permanent magnet (50) arranged outside the housing (10).

Instead of the direct drive, the permanent magnet (40) arranged in the housing (10) can also be connected to the via a step-up or step-down ratio Electric motor (20) can be connected.

Instead of e.g. A magnetizable material can also be used outside the housing (10). Since only one magnetic field is generated in such an arrangement, the force effect between the rotating parts is lower in this case, the slip between the rotational movements is thus greater than when two permanent magnets (40, 50) are used.

Instead of a permanent magnet (40) arranged inside the housing (10), an electromagnet can also be used. This is then fed, for example, electrically with a DC voltage. A magnetic field is only built up when an electrical voltage is applied. This will be dismantled again, as soon as. the. the DC voltage is switched off. This is e.g. the risk of contamination from deposits of magnetizable parts is reduced compared to the use of permanent magnets (40).

The magnet (40) or magnetizable material arranged inside the housing (10) can also be arranged concentrically to the magnet (50) or magnetizable material arranged outside the housing (10). The housing (10) can have a bulge in the area of the non-magnetizable area (12), via which the magnet (50) arranged outside is arranged as a bell. With such an arrangement, the density of the magnetic field lines in the space between the two partners is large compared to the parallel arrangement. The magnetic poles (42, 43, 52, 53) then lie, for example, in one plane ^" .

With such an arrangement, a plurality of north (42, 52) and south (43, 53) poles can also be arranged alternately on the circumference. For example, the driving part can be permanent or electromagnetic. The outer part then consists, for example, of an armature ring which carries electromagnetic windings as poles. These are then connected via short-circuit cages. When a DC voltage is applied to the outer windings, the system then acts as an induction coupling. If there is a speed difference between the input and output side, the magnetic flux changes and induces a current in the short-circuit cage, which causes the poles of the electromagnetic windings to be carried along. The magnet (40, 50) arranged inside and / or outside the housing (10) can also be arranged such that only one pole (42, 43, 52, 53) points in the direction of the non-magnetizable region (12). The magnet (40, 50) is then arranged, for example, parallel to the shaft (23 or 60), so that the pole (42, 43, 52, 53) does not lie on the center line of the shaft (23, 60) During the rotation of the shaft (23, 60), the pole (42, 43, 52, 53) of the magnet (40, 50) pointing in the direction of the non-magnetizable area sweeps over the axis of rotation of the other magnetic or magnetizable component ( 40, 50). The rotational movements of the shafts (23, 60) thus run in the same direction.

The two shafts (23, 60) can also be arranged at an angle to one another. Since the shortest distances between the poles (42, 53 or 43,., 52) change during a rotation in such an arrangement, the force effect of the magnetic and / or magnetizable components on one another changes. The slip between the rotational movement inside the housing (10) and the rotational movement outside the housing (10) is not constant.

Instead of an electric motor (20), a hydraulic or pneumatic motor, for example, can also be used.

The fan (70) can comprise a multi-bladed propeller. It can be designed as an axial or radial fan, for example.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

voltage source

Housing non-magnetizable area, non-magnetizable housing wall

electric motor

Shaft, drive shaft free end of (23)

Cold devices compressors

Permanent magnet inside (10), magnet, magnetic or magnetizable component north pole of (40), magnetic pole south pole of (4ö); magnetic pole

Permanent magnet outside (10), magnet, magnetic or magnetizable component north pole of (50), magnetic pole south pole of (50), magnetic pole magnetic field, field

Wave end of (60)

Fan storage

Claims

claims 1.Drive of a blower for 'the ventilation of a cold device seal and a condenser, in which the drive motor of the cold device seal driving the drive shaft and the cold device seal are arranged within a closed housing and the fan is mounted outside this housing, characterized in that - the drive shaft ( 23) directly or indirectly rotatably drives at least one magnetic or magnetizable component (40) arranged within the housing (10), so that at least one of its magnetic poles (42, 43) follows a circular path around the component with the magnetic or magnetizable component ( 40) connected part of the shaft (23) is moved - that outside of the housing (10) at least a second magnetic or magnetizable component (50) connected to a shaft (60) is arranged, which directly or indirectly with a rotationally moved fan (70 ) is connected, wherein at least one of the poles (52 , 53) of the magnetic or magnetizable component (50) is moved in a circular path around the shaft (60). - That the magnetic or magnetizable components (40, 50) inside and outside of the housing (10) are adjacent and separated by a non-magnetizable housing wall (12) that at least one of the magnetic or magnetizable components (40, 50) during operation Magnetic field generated. 2. Drive according to claim 1, characterized in that the shafts (23, 60) are arranged approximately in alignment. 3. Drive according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the components (40, 50) is permanently magnetic. 4. Drive according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the components (40, 50) is electrically magnetizable. 5. Drive according to claim 1, characterized in that the fan (70) is an axial fan. 6- * Drive according to claim 1, characterized in that - the fan (70) comprises a multi-bladed propeller. 7. Drive according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one pole (42, 43, 52, 53) facing the non-magnetizable region (12) of a magnetic or magnetizable component (40, 50) upon rotation of the shaft (23, 60) sweeps over the center of the other shaft (23, 60). 8. Drive according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-magnetizable housing wall (12) consists of the material X 5 CrNi 18 9. 9. Drive according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnetic poles (42, 43, 52, 53) inside and outside of the housing (10) are arranged on one level. 10. Drive according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-magnetizable area (12) is larger than the area which is the furthest from the circular path Waves (23, 60) in a direction parallel to the non-magnetizable region (12) distant poles (42, 43, 52, 53) is clamped.