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WO2001032375A1 - Traitement acide de materiau lignocellulosique non-ligneux - Google Patents

Traitement acide de materiau lignocellulosique non-ligneux Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001032375A1
WO2001032375A1 PCT/CA2000/001299 CA0001299W WO0132375A1 WO 2001032375 A1 WO2001032375 A1 WO 2001032375A1 CA 0001299 W CA0001299 W CA 0001299W WO 0132375 A1 WO0132375 A1 WO 0132375A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
acid
straw
lignocellulosic material
woody lignocellulosic
woody
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CA2000/001299
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Wayne Wasylciw
Volker Stockmann
Doug Hathaway
Darren Kostiw
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alberta Innovates
Original Assignee
Alberta Innovates
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CA 2287830 external-priority patent/CA2287830A1/fr
Application filed by Alberta Innovates filed Critical Alberta Innovates
Priority to AU12609/01A priority Critical patent/AU1260901A/en
Publication of WO2001032375A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001032375A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method for bonding of straw and in particular to the bonding of straw for preparing panels from straw.
  • Organic polyisocyanates are commonly used as binders for lignocellulosic materials for example in the production of molded bodies, such as fiberboards or waferboards. Typically the organic polyisocyanate is applied to the lignocellulosic material which is then subjected to heat and pressure.
  • organic polyisocyanates such as methylene di-para- phenylene isocyanate (MDI)
  • MDI methylene di-para- phenylene isocyanate
  • U.S. Patent No. to 5,908,496 to Singule and Yavorsky discloses a process for the production of sheets or molded bodies from lignocellulosic materials utilising an organic polyisocyanate binder material and a release agent which is an aqueous emulsion of a polyolefm wax for reducing the tendency of the organic polyisocyanate to stick to the press plates.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,498,469 to Howard discloses a thin panel consisting of a compressed non-woody lignocellulosic material and a polyisocyanate as a binder.
  • the preferred polyisocyanate binder disclosed therein is polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate. Howard teaches that this binder provides a stronger thin panel at lower resin content levels than other resins such as phenol or urea formaldehyde.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5, 318,736 to Lepori et al. also discloses binding compositions for the manufacture of lignocellulosic composites consisting of polyisocyanate and a release agent obtained from polyisocyanate.
  • Brown et al. discloses in U.S. Patent No. 5,130,419 a process for preparing lignocellulosic bodies by contacting lignocellulosic parts with a composition comprising polyisocyanate, fumed silica, and a non-ionic liquid gellant and by pressing this combination of parts and composition.
  • MDI urea formaldehyde
  • UDF melamine urea formaldehyde
  • MDI is difficult to employ in older plants as containment of the dust and gases given off the press are necessary.
  • MDI has a propensity to stick to press components and in particular to press platens. This requires a release agent to be applied to the platens which adds further expenses and complicates process logistics (more expense).
  • MDI is an excellent polymer for use in exterior grade products, for particle board and medium density fiberboard (MDF) however, it can lead to significant cost disadvantages to UF and wood based products.
  • UF or MUF does not adhere as well to straw or other lignocellulosic materials.
  • straw is bonded by using urea formaldehyde (UF) or melamine urea formaldehyde (MUF) or UF or MUF mixed with phenol formaldehyde resin as a binder material.
  • UF urea formaldehyde
  • UDF melamine urea formaldehyde
  • MUF MUF mixed with phenol formaldehyde resin
  • the structural member is a board or panel.
  • the non-woody lignocellulosic material may be straw and preferably may be a cereal straw.
  • the acid may be applied to the non-woody lignocellulosic material at various stages of comminution or before or after comminution..
  • the comminuted non- woody lignocellulosic material may preferably have less than 12% moisture remaining therein prior to pressing the material into the structural member.
  • the acid used may be an acidic solution and may be selected from the group comprising of carboxylic acid, acetic acid, glacial acetic acid, formic acid, propionic acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and carbonic acid. Those skilled in the art may recognize that other acids, including organic acids, may be suitable.
  • the method may further include the step of applying steam to the non-woody lignocellulosic material for softening the non-woody lignocellulosic material for refining.
  • the acid may be added to the material by steaming and refining the non-woody lignocellulosic material under pressurized carbon dioxide to create carbonic acid on the material surface.
  • the methods of the present invention may be, but not necessarily, restricted to the face layers of the product.
  • the present invention provides a method for the bonding of any species of straw in the face layer of a composite panel with urea formaldehyde (UF) resin or melamine urea formaldehyde (MUF) resin in combination with acid.
  • UF formaldehyde
  • UDF melamine urea formaldehyde
  • the methods of the present invention are also applicable to other non- woody lignocellulosic materials. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention this is achieved by applying either a strong or a weak acid to straw.
  • the acid is preferably but not necessarily added to the straw after it is comminuted.
  • the acid may be added to the straw before or during the comminution step.
  • the acid is preferably added as a solution and sprayed or sprinkled onto the straw particles.
  • the straw particles may be immersed in an acidic solution to achieve the desired result.
  • the acid treatment results in a drop in straw pH and straw buffering capacity which facilitates the bonding of straw with UF resin or MUF resin in a heated platen press.
  • the acid can be applied to the straw at various stages of comminution before panel pressing.
  • Many acids may be suitable, including without limitation such acids as carboxylic acid, acetic acid, formic acid, propionic acid, carbonic acid, hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid.
  • the acids are optionally substituted for each other, i.e. the use of a certain acid is not substantially superior to the use of another acid.
  • strong acids such as hydrochloric acid (HC1), may be used in more dilute solutions or in less volume because they dissociate completely while weak acids require higher concentrations or addition levels.
  • the amount of acid solution added to the straw particles of course varies with the concentration of the acid solution and the strength of the acid chosen. Sufficient acid is preferably added to reduce the pH and buffering capacity of the straw to the point where the internal bonding strength of the finished product is improved. The amount which may be sufficient may be determined by reasonable experimentation by one skilled in the art. In one embodiment, greater than about 0.001 moles of hydrogen ions per kilogram of straw (oven dry weight) may be added. Adding too much acid may cause degradation of the cellulose in the straws, which could weaken fiber strength in the final product.
  • UF and MUF resins work best in a pH range of 3.0 to 4.5. They can be tailored to work at lower pH values but are not effective at higher pH values. It is reasonably predicted that a high dose of acetic acid affects thickness swell by increasing the resistance to water.
  • the UF and MUF resins usually have acid added to them to facilitate the bonding process in lignocellulosic material. Heat is used to accelerate the process. If UF and MUF resins are left at room temperature they will cure on their own when left for significant periods of time, i.e. in the order of days. Thus, the more acid is added to the resin, the shorter the shelf life.
  • Straw has a very high buffering capacity and thus any acid applied with the resin to the straw is neutralised creating an environment where UF and MUF resins will not bond effectively.
  • any acid applied with the resin to the straw is neutralised creating an environment where UF and MUF resins will not bond effectively.
  • the pre-applied acid occupies active sites on the straw and allows the acid in the resin to complete the usual condensation reaction that UF resin or MUF resin undergoes when curing out.
  • UF or MUF resins are applied, there is little, if any buffering capability left in the straw and the straw bonds effectively with UF or MUF resins.
  • the UF or MUF resins are applied by spraying them on the straw or by applying them with a paddle style shear blender in small scale applications.
  • the resin is sprayed into the blowline where the fibre-resin mixture travels at sonic velocity.
  • the resin is distributed by fibre to fibre collisions that occur in the blowline.
  • UF or MUF resins were sprayed onto the straw at room temperature which has been milled to lengths preferably smaller than 15 mm. The treatment is more effective on smaller straw lengths due to the increased surface area of the straw.
  • Elevated or decreased temperatures or time dependency are not factors that determine the ability of straw to be bonded by UF or MUF resins.
  • steam is applied to comminuted straw to soften it for refining.
  • the acid is applied and mixed with the straw.
  • the acid may be added to the straw prior to steaming.
  • the straw is then run through the refiner, the resin is applied, and then the material is dried until less than about 12% and more preferably about 7% moisture remains in the straw (oven dry weight).
  • this method is varied by pre-steaming and refining the straw under pressurized carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) thus creating carbonic acid.
  • CO 2 pressurized carbon dioxide
  • the drying process is dependant on the process adopted and the product. Generally a mat moisture content of 5% to 8% is targeted.
  • the material is preferably dried after the acid and resin are added. In most MDF processes, this is done in a flash tube.
  • One sequence is to add the acid to comminuted straw, proceed to refiner, fibreise the straw under pressure, throttle material into a blowline (150 mm steam pressurised steel pipe), add the UF resin or MUF resin, and then dry in a flash tube dryer.
  • the temperature and the duration of the drying and heat pressing process are well known in the art and depend on the design of the dryer. Most dryers have residence times of only a few seconds at 600°C. However, this is highly variable and depends on the design. Heat pressing typically occurs at around 190°C with press factors of less than 15 seconds per mm of final pressed thickness, however, this depends on the product being made and the mill design. The pressing operation is well known in the art and need not be further described herein.
  • the acid treatment of cereal straw is far ranging, simple and is optionally integrated into many different process variations.
  • different acids give different disassociations and thus vary a degree of effectiveness as the pH and the buffering capacity of the straw changes.
  • the acid treatment of cereal straws provides a method for preparing panels from straw using UF or MUF resin binders.
  • the panels prepared by this method meet or exceed the ANSI A208.1 or A208.2 test standards.
  • Prior art methods using UF resin as a binder material did not result in strong panels that could meet such commercial standards.
  • Another benefit in using UF or MUF resins as binder material is that no release agent is required which reduces the cost for preparing panels from cereal straw even further.
  • Another advantage of treating cereal straws with acid is that a high dose of acetic acid can result in better thickness swell, as discussed above.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne la liaison de paille céréalière dans un panneau réalisée grâce à une résine d'urée-formaldéhyde (UF) ou résine d'urée-formaldéhyde mélamine (MUF) associée avec un traitement acide de la paille. Ce traitement consiste à appliquer un acide fort ou faible à la paille. En conséquence, le pH et le pouvoir tampon de la paille chutent, ce qui facilite la liaison de cette paille avec UF ou MUF dans une presse à plateaux chauffée. Ce traitement permet à des panneaux composites à base de paille de présenter des propriétés supérieures à celles des produits classiques du commerce, sans utiliser uniquement les résines isocyanate. On peut appliquer cet acide à la paille à divers stades de broyage avant le pressage du panneau avec addition de résine.
PCT/CA2000/001299 1999-11-01 2000-11-01 Traitement acide de materiau lignocellulosique non-ligneux Ceased WO2001032375A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU12609/01A AU1260901A (en) 1999-11-01 2000-11-01 Acid treatment of non-woody lignocellulosic material

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA2,287,830 1999-11-01
CA 2287830 CA2287830A1 (fr) 1999-11-01 1999-11-01 Traitement acide de matiere lignocellulosique non ligneuse
US16326099P 1999-11-03 1999-11-03
US60/163,260 1999-11-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001032375A1 true WO2001032375A1 (fr) 2001-05-10

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PCT/CA2000/001299 Ceased WO2001032375A1 (fr) 1999-11-01 2000-11-01 Traitement acide de materiau lignocellulosique non-ligneux

Country Status (3)

Country Link
CN (1) CN1338983A (fr)
AU (1) AU1260901A (fr)
WO (1) WO2001032375A1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008055635A1 (fr) * 2006-11-09 2008-05-15 Dsm Ip Assets B.V. Processus pour la préparation d'un panneau
RU2343241C1 (ru) * 2007-04-12 2009-01-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Научно-производственное объединение "Нефтепромхим" (ООО "НПО "Нефтепромхим") Способ получения целлюлозы
RU2343240C1 (ru) * 2007-04-12 2009-01-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Научно-производственное объединение "Нефтепромхим" (ООО "НПО "Нефтепромхим") Способ получения полуцеллюлозы
RU2413808C1 (ru) * 2010-05-19 2011-03-10 Открытое Акционерное Общество "Научно-исследовательский институт по нефтепромысловой химии" (ОАО "НИИнефтепромхим") Способ получения целлюлозы
RU2677063C1 (ru) * 2018-10-08 2019-01-15 федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Казанский национальный исследовательский технологический университет" (ФГБОУ ВО "КНИТУ") Способ получения целлюлозы
RU2683181C1 (ru) * 2018-10-08 2019-03-26 федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Казанский национальный исследовательский технологический университет" (ФГБОУ ВО "КНИТУ") Способ получения целлюлозы
RU2683179C1 (ru) * 2018-10-08 2019-03-26 федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Казанский национальный исследовательский технологический университет" (ФГБОУ ВО "КНИТУ") Способ получения целлюлозы

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102731928A (zh) * 2012-06-15 2012-10-17 江苏爱默生新材料有限公司 一种植物纤维及pvc复合材料及其制备方法
CN103770189A (zh) * 2012-10-18 2014-05-07 天津德为环保工程设备有限公司 一种以麦秆为原料制备纤维板的方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5130419A (en) * 1990-03-09 1992-07-14 Imperial Chemical Industrial Plc Process for preparing lignocellulosic bodies
US5318736A (en) * 1989-09-25 1994-06-07 Ministro Per Il Coorinamento Dell Iniziative Per La Ricerca Scientifica E Technologica Binding compositions for the manufacture of lignocellulosic
US5498469A (en) * 1994-12-02 1996-03-12 Howard; Robert E. Thin panels of non-woody lignocellulosic material
WO1999002318A1 (fr) * 1997-07-11 1999-01-21 Marlit Ltd. Fabrication de panneaux composites
US5908496A (en) * 1996-07-01 1999-06-01 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Process for binding lignocellulosic material

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5318736A (en) * 1989-09-25 1994-06-07 Ministro Per Il Coorinamento Dell Iniziative Per La Ricerca Scientifica E Technologica Binding compositions for the manufacture of lignocellulosic
US5130419A (en) * 1990-03-09 1992-07-14 Imperial Chemical Industrial Plc Process for preparing lignocellulosic bodies
US5498469A (en) * 1994-12-02 1996-03-12 Howard; Robert E. Thin panels of non-woody lignocellulosic material
US5908496A (en) * 1996-07-01 1999-06-01 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Process for binding lignocellulosic material
WO1999002318A1 (fr) * 1997-07-11 1999-01-21 Marlit Ltd. Fabrication de panneaux composites

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008055635A1 (fr) * 2006-11-09 2008-05-15 Dsm Ip Assets B.V. Processus pour la préparation d'un panneau
AU2007316938B2 (en) * 2006-11-09 2011-10-06 Oci Nitrogen B.V. Process for the preparation of a panel
RU2343241C1 (ru) * 2007-04-12 2009-01-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Научно-производственное объединение "Нефтепромхим" (ООО "НПО "Нефтепромхим") Способ получения целлюлозы
RU2343240C1 (ru) * 2007-04-12 2009-01-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Научно-производственное объединение "Нефтепромхим" (ООО "НПО "Нефтепромхим") Способ получения полуцеллюлозы
RU2413808C1 (ru) * 2010-05-19 2011-03-10 Открытое Акционерное Общество "Научно-исследовательский институт по нефтепромысловой химии" (ОАО "НИИнефтепромхим") Способ получения целлюлозы
RU2677063C1 (ru) * 2018-10-08 2019-01-15 федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Казанский национальный исследовательский технологический университет" (ФГБОУ ВО "КНИТУ") Способ получения целлюлозы
RU2683181C1 (ru) * 2018-10-08 2019-03-26 федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Казанский национальный исследовательский технологический университет" (ФГБОУ ВО "КНИТУ") Способ получения целлюлозы
RU2683179C1 (ru) * 2018-10-08 2019-03-26 федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Казанский национальный исследовательский технологический университет" (ФГБОУ ВО "КНИТУ") Способ получения целлюлозы

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU1260901A (en) 2001-05-14
CN1338983A (zh) 2002-03-06

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