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WO2001020760A1 - Generatrice piezo-electrique - Google Patents

Generatrice piezo-electrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001020760A1
WO2001020760A1 PCT/US2000/025355 US0025355W WO0120760A1 WO 2001020760 A1 WO2001020760 A1 WO 2001020760A1 US 0025355 W US0025355 W US 0025355W WO 0120760 A1 WO0120760 A1 WO 0120760A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power generator
sustained power
current
communication
piezoelectric
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2000/025355
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Robert J. Warmack
Wayne W. Manges
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
UT Battelle LLC
Original Assignee
UT Battelle LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by UT Battelle LLC filed Critical UT Battelle LLC
Priority to AU73822/00A priority Critical patent/AU7382200A/en
Publication of WO2001020760A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001020760A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
    • H10N30/30—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices with mechanical input and electrical output, e.g. functioning as generators or sensors
    • H10N30/304—Beam type
    • H10N30/306—Cantilevers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to power generation. Specifically, the present invention relates to an alternate means for generating power.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,952,836 to Robertson teaches a piezoelectro-static generator wherein an internal electric potential is induced by bending strips of material exhibiting the piezoelectric effect.
  • Robertson teaches that the material is arranged radially about an axis to provide an annual stator for converting mechanical motion along the axis to corresponding electric potential, i.e., high currents and high voltages for a variety of applications.
  • U.S. Patent No.5,751,091 to Takahashi, etal. teach a power generator which generates electric power upon application of a strain.
  • the Takahashi, et al. generator includes a vibrating arm having at least two piezoelectric portions with a support layer therebetween, the arm being capable of outputting an alternating current through electrodes.
  • a rectifying device may be connected to the generator, as well as a condensing device for accumulating the rectified current.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,703,295 to Ishida, et al. teach a vibration sensing method operated by a spontaneously generated power source and an apparatus therefor.
  • the Ishida, et al. apparatus contains a piezoelectric power generating means using a piezoelectric ceramic which is subjected to vibration for causing a charge to be generated.
  • the charge is converted into DC power by a DC conversion means and the DC power is applied to the level discriminating means and display means to sense and display the vibration.
  • an object of the present invention to provide a sustained power generator capable of being arrayed on a single chip.
  • a sustained power generator comprising at least one micro-fabricated suspended mass and a piezoelectric material in communication with each suspended mass, wherein a vibration of the mass causes stresses in the piezoelectric material, thus generating a current.
  • a method for providing a sustained power generator comprising the steps of providing at least one micro-fabricated cantilever means, the cantilever means having a free end and a secured end; placing a piezoelectric material in communication with each secured end of the cantilever; providing an external force for vibrating the free end such that a current is generated in the material in response to the external force vibrating the free end; and, providing a storage device in communication with the material for storing the generated current.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic of the system of the present invention based on a micro- fabricated cantilever.
  • the apparatus 1 comprises a suspended mass 10, which in the preferred embodiment is a cantilever.
  • the cantilever 10 has a suspended end 60 and a secured end 70 which is integral with the cantilever base 30.
  • the secured end 70 of the cantilever 10 is in communication with a material 20 which is preferably a piezoelectric material.
  • vibration is produced in the suspended end 60 which, in turn, causes the piezoelectric material 20 to produce an electric potential or a current.
  • the current produced may be processed in a rectification means 40 and stored in a storage means
  • the rectification means 40 is an optional feature of the generator 1.
  • the generator 1 is fabricated using multiple cantilevers 10 on a single substrate. In this embodiment, prior knowledge of the potential vibratory exposure is not required.
  • the multiplicity of cantilevers 10 provides a means for covering abroad range of frequencies such that, when placed in an environment, only those cantilevers that resonate with the frequencies present will provide power, while the others will remain idle.
  • the manufacture would not waste resources fabricating large amounts of generators 1 to cover every conceivable energy or resonance range. Additionally, the user would not need to stock numerous devices functioning only in a narrow, predetermined energy band. Thus, a single generator comprised of a multiplicity of cantilevers 10 could be used in numerous situations, and would be self-optimizing in a dynamic environment.
  • the suspended mass or cantilever 10 of the present invention may take various forms, including any sort of suspended mass with the piezoelectric material 20 placed on the region of greatest vibrational stress. Other transducer elements such as a magnetic coupling could also be used. Additionally, the suspended mass 10 may be coated and/or implanted on a monolithic structure to greatly simplify its manufacture.
  • the generator 1 of the present invention may be fabricated using standard silicon-based micro-machining and coating techniques, resulting in a very small generator.
  • the generator 1 may be manufactured as a part of an integrated circuit that could be energized by its own built-in generator. Of course, external vibrations from walking, driving, sound, machinery, air, fluid motion or other similar sources would be necessary to supply the mechanical energy to vibrate the suspended mass 10.
  • the suspended mass 10 in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is designed to maximize the coupling to the anticipated external motion.
  • the mass and spring constant are chosen as a result of the property of the material used to make the suspended mass 10, and as a result of the mass 10 geometry, such that the resonant frequency and bandwidth correspond to a spectral region where the external vibration has significant power. For instance, in an instrument that is carried by personnel, the maximum spectral power occurs at low frequency, i.e., less than a few hundred Hertz, and, thus, the resonant frequency of the generator would be chosen accordingly.
  • the generator 1 could also be designed so that its resonance width covers as much of the excitation spectrum as possible by providing a plurality of cantilevers 10 covering a broad range of the spectrum.
  • the energy produced is only one picojoule, or about a million times smaller than that consumed in a typical electronic wrist watch each second. Obviously, this is too small to power conventional circuits, but this configuration would certainly be suitable as a vibration sensor.
  • the masses shown are compatible with microlithographic fabrication. (A 1000- ⁇ g mass is about 1 mm 3 in silicon.) Obviously, devices with larger spring constants can store greater energies. The lower frequencies are compatible with vibrations produced by walking motions while the higher frequencies would generally be produced by high speed machinery or turbulent flow.
  • the generator 1 may be designed to act as an accelerometer sensor giving an output in the presence of motion or vibration, such as a fan or motor.
  • the signal coming directly from the piezoelectric could be used and a simple amplitude converter would provide an indication of activity.
  • the current or electric potential generated in the piezoelectric material 20 as a result of the intentional or incidental vibration of the suspended mass 10 is alternating current.
  • the alternating current may be rectified in the rectification means 40, if desired, and stored in a storage means 50, such as a small battery, a capacitor, or some similar storage device.
  • the storage means 40 should be convenient to use, must not be bulky, and must have some indefinite shelf capability and/or duty lifetime.
  • the stored power may be utilized later to power a low-power electronic device, or some similar apparatus.
  • the present invention eliminates the need for batteries, solar panels, or attached wiring to power small electronic devices.
  • the generator 1 of the present invention has an essentially indefinite shelf and duty lifetime. It can be fabricated as a monolithic device with the capability of being arrayed on a single chip to increase the power output. The arrayed configuration can provide for responsiveness to a broader spectrum of mechanical frequencies, and the use of redundant converters in parallel would increase the power output. As such, the generator 1 can directly power an on-chip circuit so that completely monolithic integrated circuits can be envisioned. Consequently, the size and cost of such circuits could be greatly reduced.
  • a primary application of the present invention is for powering electronic devices, such as micro-sensors which may be carried in vibrating or jostling environments.
  • electronic devices such as micro-sensors which may be carried in vibrating or jostling environments.
  • Other examples include automotive and aircraft sensors where the motor vibrations and noise could provide the stimulation, where monitors are carried by active personnel, and in industrial-process monitoring environments where external electrical power would be inconvenient to apply.

Landscapes

  • General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une génératrice (1) qui fournit de l'électricité en continu et comprend une masse suspendue ou un élément en cantilever (10) et un matériau piézo-électrique (20) obtenu par micro-fabrication, qui communique avec l'élément en cantilever, la vibration dudit élément en cantilever provoquant des contraintes à l'intérieur du matériau piézo-électrique et, partant, générant un courant. L'invention concerne aussi un procédé de fabrication de cette génératrice fonctionnant en continu (1) qui consiste en ce qui suit: utiliser un système en cantilever (10), obtenu par micro-fabrication à partir du silicium, qui est solidarisé à un socle (30), ledit système en cantilever comportant une extrémité libre (60) et une extrémité solidarisée (70); mettre le matériau piézo-électrique en communication avec l'extrémité solidarisée de l'élément en cantilever; créer une accélération externe pour faire vibrer l'extrémité libre de manière à ce qu'un courant soit généré dans le matériau en réponse à l'accélération externe qui fait vibrer l'extrémité libre; et utiliser un système de redressement (40) et un dispositif de stockage (50) en communication avec le matériau piézo-électrique qui permet de stocker l'énergie ainsi produite.
PCT/US2000/025355 1999-09-16 2000-09-15 Generatrice piezo-electrique Ceased WO2001020760A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU73822/00A AU7382200A (en) 1999-09-16 2000-09-15 Piezoelectric power generator

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US39798699A 1999-09-16 1999-09-16
US09/397,986 1999-09-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001020760A1 true WO2001020760A1 (fr) 2001-03-22

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2000/025355 Ceased WO2001020760A1 (fr) 1999-09-16 2000-09-15 Generatrice piezo-electrique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU7382200A (fr)
WO (1) WO2001020760A1 (fr)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003001657A1 (fr) * 2001-06-20 2003-01-03 Ambient Systems, Inc. Systemes de conversion d'energie au moyen de dispositifs a echelle nanometrique et procedes d'utilisation correspondant
WO2004047281A1 (fr) * 2002-11-18 2004-06-03 Microtechnology Centre Management Limited Source d'alimentation en energie activee par mouvement
WO2004038820A3 (fr) * 2002-10-21 2004-09-23 Boeing Co Collecteur d'energie piezoelectrique multifrequences
US6894460B2 (en) 2003-01-09 2005-05-17 The Boeing Company High efficiency passive piezo energy harvesting apparatus
US7095645B2 (en) 2003-06-02 2006-08-22 Ambient Systems, Inc. Nanoelectromechanical memory cells and data storage devices
US7148579B2 (en) 2003-06-02 2006-12-12 Ambient Systems, Inc. Energy conversion systems utilizing parallel array of automatic switches and generators
US7196450B2 (en) 2003-06-02 2007-03-27 Ambient Systems, Inc. Electromechanical assemblies using molecular-scale electrically conductive and mechanically flexible beams and methods for application of same
US7256063B2 (en) 2003-06-02 2007-08-14 Ambient Systems, Inc. Nanoelectromechanical transistors and switch systems
US7518283B2 (en) 2004-07-19 2009-04-14 Cjp Ip Holdings Ltd. Nanometer-scale electrostatic and electromagnetic motors and generators
EP1843405A3 (fr) * 2006-04-06 2009-11-18 Lockheed Martin Corporation Système d'exploitation d'énergie à large bande et procédés associés
US7687977B2 (en) 2006-04-10 2010-03-30 Honeywell International Inc. Micromachined, piezoelectric vibration-induced energy harvesting device and its fabrication
US7928634B2 (en) 2008-04-22 2011-04-19 Honeywell International Inc. System and method for providing a piezoelectric electromagnetic hybrid vibrating energy harvester
US7944123B2 (en) 2008-02-19 2011-05-17 Honeywell International Inc. Apparatus and method for harvesting energy for wireless fluid stream sensors
WO2011056524A3 (fr) * 2009-10-26 2011-10-06 Honeywell International Inc. Oscillateur non linéaire pour la collecte d'une énergie de vibration

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH08205273A (ja) * 1995-01-24 1996-08-09 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 骨伝導音声振動検出素子および骨伝導音声振動検出装置
GB2326275A (en) * 1997-06-10 1998-12-16 Daewoo Electronics Co Ltd Piezoelectric battery charger using wafer-array of piezoelectric elements attached to a source of mechanical vibrations, e.g. a motor vehicle engine

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH08205273A (ja) * 1995-01-24 1996-08-09 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 骨伝導音声振動検出素子および骨伝導音声振動検出装置
GB2326275A (en) * 1997-06-10 1998-12-16 Daewoo Electronics Co Ltd Piezoelectric battery charger using wafer-array of piezoelectric elements attached to a source of mechanical vibrations, e.g. a motor vehicle engine

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1996, no. 12 26 December 1996 (1996-12-26) *

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6593666B1 (en) 2001-06-20 2003-07-15 Ambient Systems, Inc. Energy conversion systems using nanometer scale assemblies and methods for using same
WO2003001657A1 (fr) * 2001-06-20 2003-01-03 Ambient Systems, Inc. Systemes de conversion d'energie au moyen de dispositifs a echelle nanometrique et procedes d'utilisation correspondant
US7414325B2 (en) 2001-06-20 2008-08-19 Ambient Systems, Inc. Energy conversion systems using nanometer scale assemblies and methods for using same
US7262515B2 (en) 2001-06-20 2007-08-28 Ambient Systems, Inc. Energy conversion systems using nanometer scale assemblies and methods for using same
WO2004038820A3 (fr) * 2002-10-21 2004-09-23 Boeing Co Collecteur d'energie piezoelectrique multifrequences
US6858970B2 (en) 2002-10-21 2005-02-22 The Boeing Company Multi-frequency piezoelectric energy harvester
US7249805B2 (en) 2002-11-18 2007-07-31 Kinergi Pty Ltd Motion activated power source
WO2004047281A1 (fr) * 2002-11-18 2004-06-03 Microtechnology Centre Management Limited Source d'alimentation en energie activee par mouvement
US6894460B2 (en) 2003-01-09 2005-05-17 The Boeing Company High efficiency passive piezo energy harvesting apparatus
US7095645B2 (en) 2003-06-02 2006-08-22 Ambient Systems, Inc. Nanoelectromechanical memory cells and data storage devices
US7582992B2 (en) 2003-06-02 2009-09-01 Cjp Ip Holdings, Ltd. Electrical assemblies using molecular-scale electrically conductive and mechanically flexible beams and methods for application of same
US7256063B2 (en) 2003-06-02 2007-08-14 Ambient Systems, Inc. Nanoelectromechanical transistors and switch systems
US7196450B2 (en) 2003-06-02 2007-03-27 Ambient Systems, Inc. Electromechanical assemblies using molecular-scale electrically conductive and mechanically flexible beams and methods for application of same
US7362605B2 (en) 2003-06-02 2008-04-22 Ambient Systems, Inc. Nanoelectromechanical memory cells and data storage devices
US7148579B2 (en) 2003-06-02 2006-12-12 Ambient Systems, Inc. Energy conversion systems utilizing parallel array of automatic switches and generators
US7495350B2 (en) 2003-06-02 2009-02-24 Cjp Ip Holdings, Ltd. Energy conversion systems utilizing parallel array of automatic switches and generators
US7199498B2 (en) 2003-06-02 2007-04-03 Ambient Systems, Inc. Electrical assemblies using molecular-scale electrically conductive and mechanically flexible beams and methods for application of same
US7518283B2 (en) 2004-07-19 2009-04-14 Cjp Ip Holdings Ltd. Nanometer-scale electrostatic and electromagnetic motors and generators
EP1843405A3 (fr) * 2006-04-06 2009-11-18 Lockheed Martin Corporation Système d'exploitation d'énergie à large bande et procédés associés
US7667375B2 (en) * 2006-04-06 2010-02-23 Lockheed Martin Corporation Broad band energy harvesting system and related methods
US7687977B2 (en) 2006-04-10 2010-03-30 Honeywell International Inc. Micromachined, piezoelectric vibration-induced energy harvesting device and its fabrication
US7944123B2 (en) 2008-02-19 2011-05-17 Honeywell International Inc. Apparatus and method for harvesting energy for wireless fluid stream sensors
US7928634B2 (en) 2008-04-22 2011-04-19 Honeywell International Inc. System and method for providing a piezoelectric electromagnetic hybrid vibrating energy harvester
WO2011056524A3 (fr) * 2009-10-26 2011-10-06 Honeywell International Inc. Oscillateur non linéaire pour la collecte d'une énergie de vibration

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