WO2001095462A1 - Winding made of moulded parts, method and set of moulded parts used to produce a winding for an electrical machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a winding for an electrical machine. Said winding is constructed at least partially using individual moulded parts (1) which are joined together. The moulded parts (1) are at least partially mechanically joined together and are also soldered or welded. The invention also relates to a method and a set of moulded parts used to produce one such winding.

Description

 WINDING FROM MOLDED PARTS, METHOD AND MOLDING PIECE FOR PRODUCING A WINDING FOR AN ELECTRICAL MACHINE

In electrical machines, the stator and / or rotor is generally equipped with a winding. In the case of a multi-phase asynchronous machine or synchronous machine, the current flowing through the stator winding generates a magnetic rotating field, which causes the rotor to rotate. Conventionally, the winding is made up of wound wire coils. These run in the area of the so-called coil sides in grooves in the stator body. Because of the generally circular cross-section of the wires, the fill factor in the i.a. rectangular grooves usually less than 50%.

To increase the fill factor, it is known not to form the winding from wire structures, but from shaped parts, specifically rods with a cross section adapted to the slot cross section, which are inserted into the slots. Such a machine is known from DE-AS 1 006 506, for example, in which the rods are connected to one another at their ends lying outside the grooves with the aid of clamps or brackets, so that there is a coherent one

Coil results. Alternatively, the rod ends can be soldered. An example of an electrical machine with a molded part winding, which is produced by welding the molded parts, is known from DE 197 36 645 AI.

From WO 92/06527 an electrical machine is known in which molded parts, namely wire rods, are inserted into openings of retaining rings lying one above the other and bent by rotating the rings in the opposite direction. The wire rods are then inserted into the grooves of the electrical machine, and the rod ends are welded step by step or soldered in one step using dip soldering.

DE 43 21 236 Cl discloses a method for producing an electrical machine in which molded parts built winding elements pushed together to form a complete winding and then welded or soldered to the contact surfaces lying loosely one above the other.

No. 5,508,577 shows an exemplary embodiment (FIG. 14) of an electrical machine in which three molded parts are put together before inserting the molded parts into the grooves of the rotor by inserting a cylindrical extension of one molded part into a hole in the other molded part. In another embodiment

(Fig. 15) the molded parts are assembled only after insertion into the grooves. Here, however, the molded parts are not put together, but butted and welded together at the contact surfaces.

From DE 34 35 001 C2 an 'electrical machine with a stator which can be divided in the circumferential direction is known, in which winding wires are releasably connected to one another at the division points by means of clamp connectors or by conductive adhesive.

In practice, molded part windings have been used in large stationary machines, such as power plant generators with many thousands of kW. For smaller mobile machines below 30-100 kW, for example for use as a starter or generator in a motor vehicle, such windings have so far not been successful. This should be due to the relatively complicated joining process and the effort required to produce the many conductor connections required. The high shaking stress present in the motor vehicle also seems to speak against the use of such windings.

The object of the invention is to provide a molded part winding which is particularly suitable for the smaller machines mentioned for use in motor vehicles and can be produced with relatively little effort. This includes the provision of a method and a set of molded parts for producing such a winding.

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or a crankshaft extension of the internal combustion engine and preferably rotates with it permanently and without intermediate gear ratio.

The molded parts are preferably made in one piece, for example by casting, pressing, stamping, milling and / or bending. Alternatively, a molded part can also be composed of several individual parts, which e.g. are welded to one another or have been mechanically connected to one another before being inserted into the stand or rotor and, moreover, have been soldered or welded. In contrast to a conventional winding, in which the winding wire is bent in the form of a coil when the winding is built up, the shaped parts in the winding construction preferably already have all the necessary bends. Since this eliminates the minimum bending radius to be observed during bending, a molded part winding in the winding head area generally has takes up less space than a conventional wire winding. To avoid or at least reduce bending stresses, the bends of the molded parts are not produced by bending or at least not by cold bending, rather the molded parts together with the bend are preferably cast, pressed, punched or milled from the solid; alternatively, the bend is made by hot bending for stress relief. The molded parts can e.g. consist of copper or aluminum or alloys of these metals.

Further advantageous refinements of the winding, the method and the set of molded parts according to the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Advantageously, several or all of the soldered or welded connections on one side of the winding are produced jointly in a single operation (claim 2). A joint production of several welded connections is possible, for example, in that several laser beams (which can originate from separate lasers and or a split laser beam) are directed at several connection points at the same time. Joint soldering can be achieved, for example, using a wave soldering process. Such procedures D) 1 1

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Acceptance of non-elastic deformation (destruction) can be solved again and therefore causes a positive connection in the direction of insertion.

With regard to advantageous configurations of the method according to the invention and the set of molded parts, reference is made to the above explanations regarding configurations of the electrical machine according to the invention.

An exemplary electrical machine for use as a starter / generator of a motor vehicle has 144 coils with 8 turns per coil. So there are about 1150 connections between the individual L- or C-shaped parts. The invention allows windings of this type to be produced with a high degree of mechanical stability with a relatively low production outlay.

The invention will now be explained in more detail on the basis of exemplary embodiments and the associated drawing. In the drawing show:

1 shows a schematically illustrated development of a section of a strand;

2 shows an enlarged perspective schematic representation of a molded part according to a first preferred exemplary embodiment;

Fig. 3 is a section along the line A-A in Fig. 2 (and along the line F-F in Fig. 9);

Figure 4 is a "perspective sectional view of a groove of a stand with molded parts therein;

Fig. 5 is a section along the line C-C in Fig. 2; Fig. 6 is a section along the line B-B in Fig. 2;

FIG. 7 shows a section along line DD in FIG. 2 (and along line EE in FIG. 9); 8 shows the section shown in FIG. 6 with the second molded part inserted;

9 shows a plan view of two molded parts according to a second exemplary embodiment;

Fig. 10 is a section along the line G-G in Fig. 9;

11 shows a section along the line H-H in FIG. 9.

Parts with the same or similar functions are identified in the figures with the same reference symbols.

1 shows in a flat development a section of a stator 8 of a three-phase machine with a winding strand made of L-shaped, one-piece molded parts 1. Only one strand is shown for simplicity. The two other strands are constructed accordingly, with coils belonging to different strands overlapping in the usual way along the circumference of the stator 8. Corresponding winding strands can be provided in a similar manner in an exemplary embodiment (not shown) instead of in a stator for a rotor of an electrical machine.

The molded parts 1 are each constructed from a coil side part 2 and a connecting conductor part 3. The coil side parts 2 are located in radially extending grooves 11 of the stator 8 which are rectangular in cross section. The winding shown in FIG. 1 is a single-layer group winding, that is to say a winding in which there is only one coil side in each groove and the associated coil sides (here two). lie side by side in a group. In other exemplary embodiments (see, for example, FIG. 4), on the other hand, several coil sides, preferably all coil sides of a coil, lie one above the other in a groove. In Fig. 1, the slots belonging to the winding strands, not shown, are not drawn. The connecting conductor parts 3 each extend at right angles from that end of the associated coil side part 2 to which they are connected, on the outside of the stator 8 in the direction of a chord of the essentially 1 1 P f. 1 Di P 1 _ rö rö P 1 Φ -H 40 -H

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Φ Dl P φ Φ Φ P 40 40 MH Φ TJ Φ P CQ ε -H r- ε P Cn P P Dl MH -H 4-J φ

-H P 40 -H Dl TJ 40 CQ = P CD 03 CD MH P 40 Dl 43 0 ε Φ O -H Φ TJ -H 40 Dl P 40 ra 41 CD S P CQ

CQ P £ Φ 0 CQ Φ MH Φ = o -H TJ ε P rö «-H CQ Di 03 03 Cn P Φ 40 -H Φ CQ P ra φ 40

P CJ 03 Dl 41 P Dl ra Φ P P φ 03 P P 40 -H -H 03 rH Φ 40 P rH 03 40

Φ MH -H Φ I υ 40 41 Φ P φ 03 r-H -H 0> Dl. Di rö P P 41 P 43 P P CQ rH MH CQ Φ φ = 0 -H

TJ MH Φ P rH MH = rö 03 CJ T) ⁽ Ö N Φ X £ En P 40 ^• HP Φ ü φ P -H 41 = P rö Φ TJ -HPP

P = o rH -H P P -H CQ TJ 40 TJ 41 P P TJ Φ rö MH P Φ CJ rH Dl P TJ Di Dl 41

Φ Φ CQ ⁽ Ö -HP ^• H CQ ra υ TJ φ P -H D. -HPP> Dl CQ 41 P -H φ P 41 ra CJ

41 P ro rH P 41 40> -H 4θ rH 3 rö 40 Φ PP 40 = (Ö J 03 Φ TJ Φ XP 43 υ Φ TJ 40 -H CJ -H ra ra in J Φ ro -H cn Φ J m P 41 41 .3 ra TJ P -H 41 40 ra P rö 43 u P rö ra tsi P Dl 3 -H φ rö 43

H φ TJ rH Φ TJ -H rö Φ l U ü φ 40 -H TJ 43 υ 03 PP Dl P Φ Φ Cn 40 ε 40 = ⁽ Ö -HP rH 43! 3 rö

P -H rH 40 rH rH rH ε -H CQ 40 Φ P rö P -H rH Φ P -H 40 Φ P P φ 40 Φ N 40 40 03

P. P φ -H 3 -H 4θ Q Φ P CQ CQ -H ro φ Q Φ Φ rH Di Φ. 41 CD .3 ao 03 CQ tsi 41 _^ φ D

CQ P 40 Φ P Φ -H Φ 0 Φ Dl Φ rö P rH 0 D. P 4-1 ro υ Φ MH P rH Φ H υ P P

40 ro P 40 0 40 ε -H P MH N P £ <CQ 41. Λ; P> rö φ P 03 Φ CQ P -H rH Dl -H φ r- P

PX Φ P Cn P rH Φ P 40 Φ P IN rH = PP υ φ P TJ -H rH P -H φ Φ pq 0 Φ CQ TJ Ti φ -10 Φ Φ Dl 41 N Φ rö PP 40 CQ -H MH φ Φ P 41 41 -rH φ TJ Φ TJ rH> 40 -HPP 03 P

TJ -H 40 P 40 PU 40> ra -H MH -H Φ Φ P Dl 40 PP CJ 41 Φ> P -HHJ 40 -H 0 CD φ rö ra CJ TJ 40 rö -H ε 41 -H -HP φ - H φ P Φ -H Φ -HP CD Φ P Φ MH r ε Φ Φ 03 J Φ 41 43 N 43

P φ rH Φ 40 Φ TJ CQ P = o 41 P P pq 43 P TJ -H P P ra P Φ φ 40 TJ P -H 40 P 40 P

-H N CQ rH X rH P • P t i 41 CJ pq φ Φ CQ 41 «. Φ P φ φ TJ ε rH P ε> Φ rö Φ

Φ P Dl ra CJ ra -H P -H ra υ CQ CD 4θ ε Dl φ = P H P P 40 rH • P P P 41 41 - P rö> 03>

= (Ö P Di Φ Cn 43 φ pq Φ φ P Φ P -H -HP MH Φ Φ P -H rö 40 φ tsi 0 CJ U 0 .PX ro Dl PP 40 PP 41 Dl TJ P TJ Φ Φ Φ φ Φ P 03 Dl CQ φ Φ -HP TJ En ⁽ Ö 03 P En -H 03 <υ

P TJ P CQ P Φ U 3 rö TJ -H -H rH 43 TJ 40 -H rH Φ P rH X φ 0 TJ P ε Φ - - P Φ rH φ P TJ φ TJ> -H -H 40 P Dl TJ Φ CQ P 40 q -H ^• H ε P CQ (Ö 41 PPPPP rH CQ 40

-H -HP Di P rH Φ q φ ^• d PP Di 41 rö -H Φ rH -H -H Di ü PP Φ rH o Φ Φ ra 41 Φ CD

Φ P 43 -H P -H Φ Dl 43 43 P P rö MH P υ P P CQ 40 P P -H φ Dl En TJ J TJ J TJ

40 φ P 43 -H 43 -H = 0 P Φ -H 40 PP -H -H 41 (Ö ε P Φ 41 P φ CQ X 40 -HHP ^• H rö 03 CQ

P TJ Φ P φ P TJ ε H Φ -H 3- -H CQ TJ Φ Φ u TJ P N TJ ü TJ Dl Φ υ 43 P -H £ rö Φ P ε P Φ

Φ 0> Φ Φ P 40 41 Φ • Φ PP CQ CQ 0 P ⁽ Ö P Φ Cn Φ P 43 Φ CJ 43 Di ε Φ TJ

40> CD>

KB ε Φ Φ 03 ü ^ .3 40 TJ -H φ PP CQ En ^< -rö P -H l 40 rö = P 40 P ε CQ Φ CQ

-H> 3 P rH 41 03 MH P 43 CQ rö φ rH Sä 43 Di ra rH ε P Φ Φ 40 rH CQ -H

IΛ Φ -H Φ PNPP -H ü P 4-JP Φ 41 PP rH P 40 N rH P rH P p P Φ PJP -H -H Ϊ4 Φ rH 40 TJ Φ 40 Φ _^ N Φ -rö -H 40 <40 ü Φ ε 41 er rö Φ 40 40 Φ P -H Φ -H o -HJ Φ ε P

CQ rö TJ -H 40 40 40

© P pq -H 41 -H> Φ υ P MH 4-J -H -H 03> Φ 40 pq TJ En Φ Φ 41 41 41 Φ

Cn PP rH P MH Di ε P Φ CJ Φ 03 ra Φ P -HP rH rH rH 41 Dl rH TJ -H CJ CJ ra OPP φ 03 41 PPPPP ra 41 Di -HP CQ Φ -HP Φ Φ 41 41 -HP - H ü CQ P TJ ra ti -HP Φ PP 03

P Φ 43 (Ö ü rö: (Ö P 0 Φ rö ü -H Φ Φ Φ -H 4-JP 43 Sä CJ CJ φ Φ Φ -H Φ PP ⁽ Ö Ά Φ -HPPP φ

TJ 40 = P TJ P rH rH En TJ P CQ 40 rH CQ TJ TJ 03 H Φ IN ra CD 40 TJ 40 P P 40 P TJ CD PQ CQ En TJ P ε

1 ra 1 1 1 Φ 03 41 1 1 n N Φ 1 TJ 1 rö P 1 = P P r 1 rH

KB U φ 1 P P © 40 1 -H P rö P Φ 1 P rH rö -H En 1 Φ P P 1 -H P CD -H Φ TJ Φ

-H rH P τ3 -HP = (0 P TJ Φ φ rH Φ - 3 N Dl -H Φ Φ ⁽ Ö P Φ TJ PP 43

© rH rö P Φ 43 Dl Dl φ PPPP 4-JPP 4J P 40 CD 43 P Dl Sä Φ -H rH P rö ^• HO 0- MH Φ PP CQ ω 41 PP 40 0 Φ Φ ε rö Φ N 0 -HP Φ Φ 03 J Φ CQ ^• H Sä υ 40 TJ -H Φ Φ 40 Φ -HP TJ φ> P 43 40 40 En 03 Φ Φ TJ 41 ^• n Φ 43 Dl 43 rH P

H CD P Φ Ti> -H Φ φ -H 0 MH CQ Φ MH P> P υ NPPPP Φ U φ 0 03 φ P 3ä -H TJ rH En PP 03 Φ P -H rö -H • 0 = PP Φ Φ NJ a. P 03 Di - P 41 Φ P 41 Φ rö φ Φ rH rö Φ Φ P rH CQ P MH Φ Dl> rH P φ P rH. P P rH -H Ti TJ Φ CJ rH P ra Dl rH -H -H TJ • D. rH P -ri Φ P

TJ P rö PP φ 41 Φ OP TJ 03 Di rH Φ Di 3 P rö P 03 J Φ Φ N Φ φ POP Φ -H Φ rö φ TJ Cn JPPPP ^• <H rö 40 P Φ -H φ rH P -H - - Dl -H Di ra Φ 40 tu 43

TJ TJ »41 P P CQ En 40 Φ φ P P N P P Φ P rH -H P rö 41 = P J CD P 41 ε = P

P P Φ -H -H 3 N Φ Di> φ ro 40 rH -H P -rH Φ Φ U 40 En φ υ P •

PP Φ 03 43 P ε 03 40 40 D. ^• H D. Φ X Φ Dl IÖ Φ Sä 43 rH CQ CQ φ> ra 0 40 D

Φ 40 PP 43 Φ Φ Φ P rö P Sä CQ CJ P TJ 40 Φ rö rö P -H ε PP ε ^• H En Φ rö P rH N Φ P rH P CQ Φ rH φ 41 Φ Φ -HPP ε -n - H Φ Φ φ Φ 0 P 40 ro

^• P (Ö P> N «-HP -HP TJ υ ^• H Dl! S -H rH - P TJ X 4-1 P TJ N TJ P rö Φ = 0 P

= 0 41 0 X P Φ Φ> φ ra TJ P X P 0 - P rö P φ 40 P 40 41 -H rH X

Cn X Φ> CJ -H Φ 43 P -HP CJ Φ En 41 -HP .— - MH -H Φ ⁽ Ö CD ü TJ P

P 43 φ Φ -H 41, - _^ - = P tsi • 41 Φ Φ 4-J -H IN CJ CQ • • MH Φ CQ Φ Φ Φ

P φ P 03 40 TJ J Di Φ rö U TJ 03! S 40 P -H PQ P 40 0 43 P Φ Φ ε P t> 40

P 40 tsi P CD MH -HP 4-> • PP 03 -H -HO rH P. 0 41 P IN P -H • φ -H rö -H -H rH MH rH P 40 rö φ ^• HP 40 40 Φ P 03> Dl = P IN> ü 40 TJ P -H TJ P TJ TJ 41 Φ

Di φ Φ -P Φ 0 MH 40 -H Ti TJ -H cn 41 Φ MH = 0 MH rö Φ P ^• H φ φ PP ü CD

CQ Sä 43 ü -H 40 Dl 41 41 P -H 03 Φ rH TJ P 4-3 ε P Φ rH 3 43 -H Φ P Dl P Φ -H

03 IN CQ TJ 03 Dl U ü TJ P Φ Φ P 0 CQ rö 41 Φ D ⁾ 41 CQ P rö P Sä rH P o P 40 Φ ε 43 -H -HP φ 40 Φ MH rö φ υ 41 -HP ιö 41 P Φ rö 0 PN Φ

Listen! -H ra PP Φ P CQ PP φ H 40 40 43 PP rH H -H CJ 41 -rö N υ 0 -. rH P CQ Φ P 40 P rH φ 0 -H rH Φ PX φ TJ P 03 -H Φ -rH H 41 PP rH -H>, -. -H Φ Φ N φ = rö -H φ 41 -H En «TJ -H CJ TJ Di ^• HPP • Φ CJ rö - 40 Φ rH rö 40 φ -H TJ 40 40 Dl 03 Φ

-H U TJ. 0 41 Φ P P ra 41 O P Φ 4-J P CD P CD -H P TJ 41 40 ti O X Φ P P

P CD ε CQ 40 φ φ P P υ> φ ra ε Φ ra Φ> φ υ ε Di P CQ P N 40

-. P P TJ 40 CD 3: Dl φ Φ 03 41 -H P 40 P Φ P P TJ 40 -H P CD, - - P P 40 -H

• P 41 N IN Φ P 03 Φ 40 rH 43 P rö φ 0 P Φ rö Φ 41 P 41 41 0 P Di ^• H 41>

40 φ CJ Di Φ P. Φ IS -H ti rö φ P 5 Cn a 4θ 4-J 43 P P o J CJ En P φ P ü ε

03 P -H 41 -H T) Φ 40 CQ Φ Dl P 40 P CQ ra P rH -H MH -H CD Φ -H P -H P 40

-H φ rH υ 41 41 P TJ 40 -H rH CD Φ -H • Φ Φ P P -H N Φ Φ P 41 P Dl ti Φ P P Φ 03

P Dl -H CJ -rö Dl -H -H Φ 40 CQ 40 Φ P 40 rH φ Φ MH N φ CJ Φ Φ -H Dl 40 Φ CQ r-H 41

40 -H = o rH -H MH P ε 41 P SS N Dl P -H rH φ 41 H TJ 41 PP m CD 4-> rH rH CD CD 40 Dl rH J rH φ 3 N rH 40 PPU 40 40 P φ Φ CQ P ü (Ö P ü rö -H ⁽ Ö P IN rH -H Dl P Φ = rö

41 rH 40 Dl -H TJ N -H P φ Φ P TJ ra Di 41 -H P φ -H Φ Sä φ Φ 40 Φ Φ P. rH P 40 P

= rö X P -rö = 0 Φ P rH IN TJ CQ TJ P P = P £ P φ T r-H P rH £ Φ -H 3- 0 Dl o r ra P

Sä Φ 03 ε rH -H P 40 P P Φ P Φ Φ P MH CJ Φ TJ IN Φ P - -H υ rH. Φ> 0 MH X ra IN

Φ 40 43 P 43 φ 41 ^• H φ Di -HP rH TJ P 03 TJ = 0 MH 40 P Φ P φ rH Φ -n CQ PJ Di

Dl -H rö IN ra Φ P TJ ü 41 41 P 43 = 0 P P N P CQ P -rö Φ TJ Φ 40 Φ TJ Di Di Φ -H P CO

3 φ 03 Φ o -H CJ -H P 41 Di -H 41 Φ φ rö 03 TJ P 3 Sä P CQ P P P -s P

CQ 40 03 -H> ra P φ Φ Φ Φ CD 43 CJ 03 3: PJPP 41 PP Φ P φ 0 TJ P rH rö 03 P 40 Φ 03 IN P 41 P> Di PP -H φ Φ P rö φ = P 0 ε P TJ 40 TJ 03 PP φ

-H U) -H rH ra .3 P P -H -H Di Φ P Φ P Φ 40 TJ -H P 40 MH En Φ φ Φ rH φ -H TJ

Φ 41 -H 03 rH rö tu 03 rH P P φ> TJ 3 = 40 TJ P P -H P TJ 40 Dl 03 rö P ε 41 43 P

IΛ 40 41 ra CJ Di 41 Dl P 40 -H 0 Φ 41 P 03 -H MH Ü Φ Φ N P 41 CQ -H P 41 φ Φ J P -rö

PU 03 PP ü. IN P φ> Dl 0 P -H Dl PP - ~ - J rH -H Φ υ PP rH CJ TJ TJ ^• H Φ 40

© φ -H ε φ N ra ..--, 43 Φ 40 P 41 Φ 41 P 41 rö Φ 03 Φ 40 ⁽ Ö Φ Φ 41 CQ 0 rH> CD

40 ro Φ. ε PP ε Di a TJ ε Dl »rö TJ tsi U rH • 41 Dl 43 3 P ^• l — l ü P 41 40

^• HPP Φ P 0 PPPP MH PPP> PPP CQ Φ -H ^• ä JPPP Φ φ CQ φ P CJ ε PP

Φ φ Φ rH φ> o P -H φ P 0 P 40 -H Φ Φ 0 Φ -H Φ CQ rö P 0 o φ -H -HP ^• H φ rö = rö φ Φ rH 43 rH «En En TJ IN <En P CD 4-> MH rH> Dl TJ 40 PP TJ> MH lD TJ JP 40 a ra TJ TJ

P 1 P 03 Dl 1 1 1

^• HP 1 P Φ φ rö P 1 PP 1 rH 40 40

1 41 41 P Φ 41 43 TJ P 03 -H Φ -H P 41 rö -H 40

O Φ ü u φ. - _ rH CJ = P rH P r ra Sä N 43 Di O υ ε -H

X rH P CQ rö 40 P H CQ P X Φ φ rö N P P P> -H 1 P

-H Φ rH rH 41 φ φ -H r- P CJ P 40 TJ φ Φ P P ro 40

Cn Φ TJ 0 MH φ P 40 40 rö -H P 40 40 P> 40 40 rH P 41

P 40 rt P P CQ ra N TJ! 2 --0 - TJ rH Dl = o ra rö Φ CQ u

P ε P P J = 0 P rö 4-1 X ε P rö P CQ rH -H -H TJ rH P

40 P -H φ Φ φ X Φ rH rö 40 P -H Di rö Φ P Ά 0 -H P

41 0 P P Dl tu Φ CQ Dl Φ • -. rH Sä o TJ φ 40 Φ P u rt 0 -H -H P P rH J P Φ P> Φ <φ 40

-H CQ Φ Φ P φ ε P> <0 • φ -H -H P Φ TJ P P P P

P Φ rH X Φ TJ P Φ MH Di φ J Dl Φ Φ 41 P P Dl P 40 Φ φ

X -H rö Φ PP tsi TJ PPP rH P 03 43 P CJ P φ -HN 40 40 TJ ü TJ P rH -H φ 0 Φ Φ P -rH P -H rö -H 03 T Φ -H -H φ - , φ -ri Φ .3. TJ 40 Φ 43 Φ 'P Φ -H ^• Φ Φ PP Φ

4y ». P 40 Φ rö Ü ⁾ P 41 40 P 3 rH ε

5 40 Ü φ 41 rH P o 41 Φ P 4θ P 40. P 3 φ υ 3 Φ 03 • X IN ra 40 P ü 03 ü IN a P -H rH -H P P rH -H P> D) P 40 rö. tr CQ Dl

P -H 40 Φ φ 41 H P 0 P Φ P 40 40 P 43 P P

-H rH Φ Φ 40 TJ TJ 4-J Φ - = ⁽ Ö r- En PP TJ φ> -H ra φ P rö P φ

Dl CQ -H -H P -rö CQ P 41 En (Ö Φ P P TJ Φ P ε Φ 03 TJ 41 r- = 0 P TJ Φ P MH -H TJ υ -H Φ TJ 41 Φ 41 P P Φ

P = P ε rH cn ε N CQ Φ P -H P T 41: P Φ υ P 0 41 P -H ra

IN P Φ PP Dl Di φ rH Φ rö ü rö MH ^• H -H CQ rö X rö P 43 P

40 ra -H 03 Φ φ P> P TJ -H P 03 40 3: 43 X P TJ P φ rö Φ Φ -H rH 03 Cn P Φ -H rH -H P Φ P 0 rö Dl 40 P Φ>

03 Φ ti -H P 40 φ TJ Φ P 4θ Φ <40 φ 03 03 B P ra -H>

P 40 P SS Di Φ P 41 P P 43 -H 3 40 = 0 40 Dl P P P 43 ro

<03 φ CQ CD Sä Dl υ -H 0: (Ö -H P rH MH - P 0 TJ φ P CQ H

-H 40 rH MH P - <H φ MH P Φ CQ 3 φ P = rö CD P MH P 03 Φ Φ

P P φ Φ P Φ \ rH P H 03 40 Φ P TJ. 03 Φ rö> TJ P

Φ ε a -H -H rö P X Φ -H Φ 41 CQ> X Dl P P cn .3 Pl X P

TJ P Di TJ φ P. Φ CQ ü P P P -H Φ P P J Φ Φ

0 Φ ra 40> Φ φ CQ P 3- -H CQ Φ P rö P 43 Di P P φ TJ 41

41 MH -H -H P 40 41 rH P rH φ Φ -H φ rH P P O P O 40 P ü

U 03 TJ φ P -HP ⁽ Ö -H -H Di P 3: P ε 40 rH 41 Φ N 41 P> CD pq = 0

-H Dl 43 Φ P 41 ^• H φ φ P φ CQ rö Φ - ^• 0 -rH O> Φ = PP Pl

03 P P S 41 υ X 40 -H 41 Di 41 TJ rH Di pq X Dl MH IN Dl P Φ

P -H P u ra rö Di 3 P CJ P υ 41 rö O 03 P Φ -H P

P P P P 03 r-H P P 43 -H N Φ TJ ü W TJ Φ ro P Dl P TJ Φ φ

P 41 Dl Φ φ P 0 P P 0 Φ P 3 P P P 40 P TJ P P

⁽ Ö. = PP 3 TJ Φ rt -H TJ En P rH 0 Φ ⁽ Ö PP CD 03 PP 40 MH φ

X P MH P O P P IN Dl> φ 41 EH 0 rH P 03 Φ 03 P

P 03 40 a φ P -H 03 03 CJ> r- CQ -H φ -H 3- -H CQ 41

CD φ P 41 Dl .. ^• H φ 43 Φ VD P •. -H φ P Φ Φ ra Φ P (Ö φ

40 CJ P P P TJ N P TJ -H φ Φ P Φ TJ N TJ 4-J Φ Sä φ P TJ ε

Dl -H -H P φ Φ 40 Φ Dl P 3- Di TJ P -10 P -H 41> N

P φ P 40 CQ Dl 41 Φ t> Dl P P φ 03 O P rö P φ TJ ü P 1 P

P 3- Φ 41 -H -H ü 03 X P P φ P Φ 40 P ra Φ 40 CQ φ Φ Φ

P P CQ P J Φ 44 P P J P P X 41 ra P 1 Dl P 41 -H -H P -H -H t> TJ

41 φ φ φ -H S CJ P -H φ ε 41 0 φ φ φ rH MH r CJ Φ Φ Φ TJ rt -H 0

0 -H rH P MH Φ TJ pq 40 P 0 φ 3 -H rH P -rö rH 43> 40 pq 41 TJ rö 44 P 40 o 0 pq 40 TJ φ rö rö P rH 03

-H ε • rö P ü υ (Ö 41 Φ ε MH 03 TJ ra 13 Φ En Dl 41 Φ Φ Di P Φ

P CQ -H TJ Φ U Cn -H P P φ P P MH Φ 41 40 41 P CJ P rH P P P

N P CQ P co 41 P Pl pq TJ > TJ pq CD rö TJ CD l ra TJ TJ < Φ (Ö 40 40 φP -H Φ (Ö 40 Φ Φ rö Φ φ φ -H -H -HP -H ü O CJ Φ PP -H rH P Φ -H

NP CQ P co 41 P Pl pq TJ> TJ pq CD rö TJ CD l ra TJ TJ <Φ (Ö 40 40 φ

to allow at the interface of the parts to be connected. The winding is preferably built up in layers, with subsequent welding of the connection points of the respective layer.

With the exemplary embodiments it is possible to achieve form fill factors of almost 100% (between 90 and 98% if the winding insulation is taken into account). The joining process can be automated relatively easily. All in all, this enables a particularly economical production of electrical machines that meet the highest quality and stability requirements.

Claims

1. winding for a stator or rotor of an electrical machine, the winding being at least partially constructed from individual, interconnected molded parts (1), such that these molded parts (1) at least partially during or after insertion into the stand or Runners have been mechanically connected to one another and have been soldered or welded after the mechanical connection has been established. 2. Winding according to claim 1, in which several or all such soldering or welding connections on one side of the winding are produced in one operation. 3. Winding according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the solder connection is made by wave soldering or dip soldering. 4. Winding according to one of the preceding claims, in which the soldered connection is made in that a gap lying in the region of the connection point (10) is filled with solder by capillary action. 5. Winding according to one of the preceding claims, in which the mechanical connection is one or more of the following connections: positive connection, clamping connection, adhesive connection. 6. Winding according to one of the preceding claims, in which the mechanical connection is a plug connection. i 7. winding according to claim 6, which in a grooved Stand (8) or rotor is installed, and in which the plug-in direction of the plug connection is essentially in the longitudinal direction of the slot (8) or rotor. 8. Winding according to claim 6, in which the plug-in direction lies essentially in the radial plane of the electrical machine and in particular extends essentially in the radial direction. 9. Winding according to one of claims 6 to 8, in which the plug connection is a snap connection (7). 10. A method for producing a winding for a stator or rotor of an electrical machine, the winding being at least partially constructed from individual molded parts (1) by the molded parts (1) (a) inserted in the stand or rotor; (b) when or after inserting a molded part, it is mechanically connected to at least one other molded part; and (c) the mechanical connection is then soldered or welded. 11. The method according to claim 10, according to one or more embodiments of claims 2 to 10. 12. Set of molded parts with a plurality of molded parts (1) for producing a winding for a stator or rotor of an electrical machine, the molded parts (1) being set up so that they are mechanically connected when or after insertion into the stator or rotor and the mechanical connection is soldered or welded. 13. molding set according to claim 12, according to one or more embodiments of claims 2 to 10.