WO2001094777A1 - Startvorrichtung - Google Patents
Startvorrichtung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001094777A1 WO2001094777A1 PCT/DE2000/004659 DE0004659W WO0194777A1 WO 2001094777 A1 WO2001094777 A1 WO 2001094777A1 DE 0004659 W DE0004659 W DE 0004659W WO 0194777 A1 WO0194777 A1 WO 0194777A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- contact element
- contact
- plus
- minus
- starting device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
- F02N11/08—Circuits specially adapted for starting of engines
- F02N11/087—Details of the switching means in starting circuits, e.g. relays or electronic switches
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
- H01H1/36—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by sliding
- H01H1/365—Bridging contacts
Definitions
- This movable sliding contact consists of an electrically insulating carrier element, into which a contact element is inserted, which consists of several different electrically conductive layers.
- This sliding contact has various opposing surfaces that are electrically connected to one another. Both a minus and a plus contact element slide on these surfaces.
- the plus and minus contact elements are either electrically isolated or connected to one another by an electrical series resistor or switched through almost without resistance.
- the movable sliding contact connects a rod-shaped plus contact element and a rod-shaped minus contact element, this has the advantage that the surfaces of the contact elements which are connected to the sliding contact have a relatively large surface area.
- the switching current transfers to moving transition surfaces between the contact element and sliding contact, as a result of which the heat generated in the transition surface between the contact elements and sliding contact is transferred the length and thus a larger surface of the contact elements is distributed.
- the plus and minus contact elements may be arranged on the cylindrical inner wall of the pole housing.
- the plus and minus contact elements are designed in an arc shape and are adapted to the inner contour of the pole housing.
- the plus contact element and / or the minus contact element each have an insulator region and one
- a further gradation of the switching process can be achieved in that, in addition to the use of an insulator region and a low-resistance region, at least one of the contact elements in the sliding contact has a low-resistance region and a series resistance region.
- the sliding contact is only on one side on both the plus and the minus contact elements, a particularly compact design of the switch consisting of the sliding contact and plus and minus contact element is possible.
- a low contact resistance and a safe switching process between the sliding contact and the plus or minus contact element result when a spring force acts between the contact elements or between the sliding contact and the contact elements.
- this series resistance region has an electrically conductive and wear-resistant layer.
- FIG. 1 shows a starting device according to the invention with a first exemplary embodiment of the electrical switching unit
- FIG. 2 shows a partial view of the starting device with a second exemplary embodiment of the electrical switching unit
- FIG. 3 shows a third exemplary embodiment for the electrical switching unit in the off position
- FIG. 4 shows the switching unit from FIG. 3 in an intermediate position
- FIG. 5 shows the switching unit from FIG. 3 in the on position
- FIG. 6 shows a fourth exemplary embodiment of the electrical switching unit
- FIG. 7 shows a fifth exemplary embodiment of the electrical switching unit
- FIG. 8 shows a variant of the fifth exemplary embodiment
- FIG. 9 shows an embodiment of a sliding contact with wear-resistant contact
- Figure 10 is a shape of the switching unit adapted to the pole housing of the starter motor. Identical or equivalent components are identified by the same reference lines.
- FIG. 1 shows a starting device 10 according to the invention for starting internal combustion engines.
- Starting device 10 has an electric starter motor 13 which is supplied with electrical energy by a battery 16.
- An electrical switching unit 19 for switching the starter motor 13 is interposed between the battery 16 and the starter motor 13. The electrical
- Switching unit 19 has a plus contact element 22 and a minus contact element 25.
- the positive contact element 22 is connected to the positive pole of the battery 16; the minus contact element 25 is connected to the starter motor 13.
- the plus contact element 22 and the minus contact element 25 are both rod-shaped and arranged parallel to one another.
- the plus contact element 22 and the minus contact element 25 are connected to one another by a contact connecting element 28.
- the contact connecting element 28 is designed as a movable sliding contact 31.
- Contact connecting element 28 or the sliding contact 31 abuts one side on the plus contact element 22 and at the same time on the minus contact element 25.
- the contact connection element 28 can be moved by a drive 34 relative to the plus contact element 22 and the minus contact element 25.
- a spring force 37 exerts a compressive force between the contact connection element 28 and the plus contact element 22 and the minus contact element 25. This ensures a secure electrical contact between the plus contact element 22, the contact connecting element 28 and the minus contact element 25.
- the spring 37 is supported on the housing.
- the plus contact element 22 has a contact surface 40 which is in contact with the contact connecting element 28 communicates. This contact surface 40 of the plus contact element 22 is designed as a slideway 43.
- the minus contact element 25 has a contact surface 46 on which the contact element 28 also slides.
- the contact surface 46 of the minus contact element 25 is also designed as a slideway 49.
- the plus contact element 22 in FIG. 1 is a continuous copper rod with a very low electrical resistance and thus constitutes a so-called
- Low-resistance region 52 represents.
- the minus contact element 25, however, is constructed in two parts. On the one hand, it consists of a rod-shaped insulator region 55 and, on the other hand, of an equally rod-shaped low-resistance region 58 adjoining the insulator region 55.
- the starter motor 13 has a drive shaft 61, which has a steep external thread 64 at its end.
- a driver shaft 67 has a steep internal thread 70 corresponding to the steep external thread 64. This coupling made of steep
- Internal thread 70 and steep external thread 64 is also referred to as single-track gear 73.
- the driver shaft 67 is connected to a freewheel 76.
- the freewheel 76 is in turn connected to a drive element 79.
- This drive element 79 can be designed, for example, as a pinion.
- the structure of the second embodiment is largely the same as that of the first embodiment. There are only differences with regard to the contact connection element 28 and with respect to the plus contact element 22.
- the rod-shaped minus contact element 25 has, as already in FIG. 1, a low-resistance region 58 as well an insulator region 55.
- the plus contact element 22, like the minus contact element 25, has a low-resistance region 52 and, moreover, an insulator region 82.
- the plus contact element 22 in FIG. 2 is therefore constructed in the same way as the minus contact element 25
- contact connecting element 28 in FIG. 2 has two different areas.
- the contact connection element 28 has a series resistance region 85 and, on the other hand, a low resistance region 88.
- the rod shape of the plus contact element 22 and the minus contact element 25 specifies a direction of movement of the contact connecting element 28 or the sliding contact 31.
- the series resistor region 85 and the low resistance region 88 of the sliding contact 31 are oriented and arranged such that when the sliding contact is pushed along the direction of the bars, the series resistor region 85 first over the boundary between
- Low resistance range 58 or 52 is exceeded. Only when the series resistor region 85 has been pushed completely beyond this limit does the low-resistance region 88 of the sliding contact 31 also cross this limit and short-circuit the two low-resistance regions 58 and 52, respectively.
- FIG. 4 shows the third exemplary embodiment from FIG. 3. While the off position is shown in FIG. 3, the sliding contact 31 is moved in FIG. 4 to such an extent that the series resistor region 85 extends in the sliding direction over its full length between the two
- Low-resistance regions 52 and 58 is arranged, while the low-resistance region 88 is just between the two insulator regions 82 and 55 over its full length.
- the setting of the third exemplary embodiment is shown in FIG. This means that the sliding contact 31 is arranged at least with its low-resistance region 88 over its full length between the two low-resistance regions 52 and 58. The resistance of the sliding contact 31 between the plus contact element 22 and the minus contact element 25 is thereby as low as possible. In this position, the starter motor 13 is fully switched on.
- FIG. 1 A fourth exemplary embodiment of the switching unit 19 is shown in FIG. In principle, this exemplary embodiment is based on the third exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3. Differences from the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3 are that the sliding contact 31 exclusively has one
- a series resistor region 91 is arranged in the plus contact element 22 between the insulator region 82 and the low-resistance region 52.
- This arrangement has the advantage that the carbon brush 31 can be made simpler as a moving component.
- the sliding contact 31 is as wide in its extension transverse to the direction of movement as the plus 22 or minus contact element 25.
- the conductivity of the series resistor region 91 lies between the conductivities of the insulator region 82 or 55 and the lowest resistance region 52 or 58.
- Pre-resistance area 91 is not arranged in the plus contact element 22 but in the minus contact element 25.
- a series resistor region 91 is arranged both in the plus contact element 22 and in the minus contact element 25.
- the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 8 has the advantage over the two aforementioned exemplary embodiments that the heat loss that is generated in the series resistor region 91 is distributed over two components and thus the plus or minus Contact element 22 or 25 of the switching unit 19 is less temperature critical.
- the series resistor region 91 is present twice and the total surface of both series resistor regions 91 is significantly larger than a single series resistor region 91. As a result, heat emission is increased overall.
- FIG. 9 shows a further exemplary embodiment for a movable sliding contact 31.
- the sliding contact 31 in FIG. 5 it initially consists of a low-resistance region 88 and a resistance region 85, which are arranged axially one behind the other.
- the double arrow shown indicates the direction of movement of the sliding contact 31 in the switching unit 19 and thus also the axis direction.
- the sliding contact 31 has on one side parallel to the direction of movement a plus contact area 94 and opposite a minus contact area 97.
- the low resistance region 88 and the series resistance region 85 are insulated in the direction of movement
- Interlayer 100 electrically separated from each other. Since the low-resistance region 88 is made, for example, of copper, it is relatively wear-resistant, in particular what the relative movement of the plus or minus contact surface 94 or 97 relative to the plus or minus contact element 22 or 25, the associated friction and associated wear.
- Pre-resistance area 85 is less wear-resistant, so that their portions of the plus and minus contact areas 94 and 97 each consist of a conductive, hard one
- Wear layer 103 exist.
- This wear layer 103 can be made of copper.
- FIG. 10 shows a further exemplary embodiment for a shape of the plus contact element 22 and the minus contact element 25. This arrangement is particularly space-saving since the plus contact element 22 and the minus contact element 25 are arc-shaped and at the same time are adapted to an inner cylindrical contour of a starter housing 106. Such an arrangement enables a previously unused space in the cylindrical starter housing 106 to be used.
- Drive 34 for example a lifting magnet or a small electric motor, causes a displacement force on the contact connecting element 28, which pushes the contact connecting element 28 from the insulator region 55 in the direction of the lowest resistance region 58 of the minus contact element 25. If the contact connection element 28 exceeds the boundary between the insulator region 55 and the low-resistance region 58, an electrical connection is established between the plus contact element 22, which is connected to the battery 16, and the minus contact element 25, which is connected to the starter motor 13. The initially slight overlap between the contact connection element 28 and the low-resistance region 58 of the minus contact element 25 has the consequence that the contact resistance and thus the electrical resistance between the contact connection element 28 and the
- Low resistance area 58 is high.
- the current initially flowing through the starter motor 13 is small and leads to a low torque of the starter motor. Due the further displacement of the contact connection element 28 in the direction of the low resistance region 58, the resistance between the contact connection element 28 and the low resistance region 58 becomes smaller and smaller, so that the starter motor current is increased and the torque of the starter motor is also increased thereby.
- the starter motor 13, initially rotating at a low speed and with only a small angular acceleration, causes an axial force acting in the direction of the drive shaft 61 in the single-track gear 73, which the drive element 79, the freewheel 76 and the
- Internal combustion engine or its ring gear can be transferred and the internal combustion engine can finally be rotated by the starter motor.
- the contact connecting element 28 is pushed back in the direction of the insulator region 55 by opening the starter switch (not shown), and thus the circuit between the battery 16, plus contact element 22,
- the sliding contact 31 is first shifted from the insulator regions 55 and 82 in the direction of the series resistor region 91.
- a reduced current rise also occurs initially, which is caused by the series resistor of the series resistor region 91.
- the current through the starter motor 13 initially increases relatively little due to the series resistor region 91.
- This initially reduced current level also has the advantage that the Drive elements 79 in a ring gear of the internal combustion engine is carried out gently by a reduced impact speed and thereby the wear on the drive element 79 is reduced.
- Low-resistance areas 52 and 58 lead to a further increase in the current in starter motor 13 until a maximum starter motor power is reached with maximum coverage of sliding contact 31 and low-resistance areas 52 and 58.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
- Electrostatic Charge, Transfer And Separation In Electrography (AREA)
- Push-Button Switches (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP00991778A EP1248905A1 (de) | 2000-06-09 | 2000-12-23 | Startvorrichtung |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2000128766 DE10028766A1 (de) | 2000-06-09 | 2000-06-09 | Startvorrichtung |
| DE10028766.2 | 2000-06-09 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2001094777A1 true WO2001094777A1 (de) | 2001-12-13 |
Family
ID=7645351
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DE2000/004659 Ceased WO2001094777A1 (de) | 2000-06-09 | 2000-12-23 | Startvorrichtung |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1248905A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE10028766A1 (de) |
| TW (1) | TW482866B (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2001094777A1 (de) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1298946A (en) * | 1969-06-12 | 1972-12-06 | Lucas Industries Ltd | Electrical switches |
| US4147908A (en) * | 1974-11-25 | 1979-04-03 | Swann David A | Electric switches |
| DE19702932A1 (de) * | 1997-01-28 | 1998-07-30 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Schaltungsanordnung für ein Einrückrelais |
| DE19909006A1 (de) * | 1999-03-02 | 2000-09-07 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Startvorrichtung |
| EP1052662A2 (de) * | 1999-05-14 | 2000-11-15 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Schalter für Fahrzeuge |
-
2000
- 2000-06-09 DE DE2000128766 patent/DE10028766A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-12-23 EP EP00991778A patent/EP1248905A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-12-23 WO PCT/DE2000/004659 patent/WO2001094777A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2001
- 2001-01-04 TW TW90100186A patent/TW482866B/zh active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1298946A (en) * | 1969-06-12 | 1972-12-06 | Lucas Industries Ltd | Electrical switches |
| US4147908A (en) * | 1974-11-25 | 1979-04-03 | Swann David A | Electric switches |
| DE19702932A1 (de) * | 1997-01-28 | 1998-07-30 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Schaltungsanordnung für ein Einrückrelais |
| DE19909006A1 (de) * | 1999-03-02 | 2000-09-07 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Startvorrichtung |
| EP1052662A2 (de) * | 1999-05-14 | 2000-11-15 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Schalter für Fahrzeuge |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW482866B (en) | 2002-04-11 |
| DE10028766A1 (de) | 2001-12-13 |
| EP1248905A1 (de) | 2002-10-16 |
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