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WO2001081969A1 - Conduit interne lubrifie pour cables a fibres optiques - Google Patents

Conduit interne lubrifie pour cables a fibres optiques Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2001081969A1
WO2001081969A1 PCT/US2000/010527 US0010527W WO0181969A1 WO 2001081969 A1 WO2001081969 A1 WO 2001081969A1 US 0010527 W US0010527 W US 0010527W WO 0181969 A1 WO0181969 A1 WO 0181969A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
innerduct
invention according
top portion
inner circumference
width
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2000/010527
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Zdenek Brokl
Jiri Cabak
Pavel Machek
Jaroslav Suransky
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dura Line Corp
Original Assignee
Dura Line Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dura Line Corp filed Critical Dura Line Corp
Priority to AU2000243629A priority Critical patent/AU2000243629A1/en
Priority to PCT/US2000/010527 priority patent/WO2001081969A1/fr
Publication of WO2001081969A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001081969A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G9/00—Installations of electric cables or lines in or on the ground or water
    • H02G9/06—Installations of electric cables or lines in or on the ground or water in underground tubes or conduits; Tubes or conduits therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4439—Auxiliary devices
    • G02B6/4459—Ducts; Conduits; Hollow tubes for air blown fibres

Definitions

  • the invention relates to innerducts which facilitate the installation of communication and power transmission cables in existing conduits or for direct burial and, more particularly, to a selectively lubricated innerduct which provides a low friction and hazardless environment for the installation and placement of fiber optic cables.
  • the basic prerequisite is an absence of any sharp or irregular surfaces at the physical contact point between the cable sheath and the innerduct surface which could potentially damage the cable sheath or disrupt the transmission function of the optic fibers.
  • a smooth inner surface of the innerduct can be achieved by carefully selecting suitable polymers, technological parameters, and geometry of the extrusion tool, thus permitting the avoidance of surface defects in the flow during processing.
  • the requirement to reduce the coefficient of friction between the cable and the innerduct surface is particularly important given that there is a limitation on the force to be used when pulling a transmission cable through the innerduct, as well as the desire to achieve longer cable pulls without the need for a relay (e.g., in order to achieve an improvement in cable installation economy). Similarly, friction will limit the lengths through which such cable may be installed by blowing.
  • a lower coefficient of friction can be attained by using one or more lubricants introduced into the innerduct interior during the cable installation (i.e., external lubrication) or by using a lubricant-containing polymer in the manufacture of the interior innerduct surface in contact with the cable, i.e., a material having a reduced coefficient of friction (i.e., permanent lubrication). In either manner, the result is a highly lubricous surface or layer being formed on the interior innerduct wall.
  • Another method of lowering the coefficient of friction consists in reducing the contact area between the cable sheath and interior innerduct surface, i.e., increasing specific load.
  • the reduction in the contact area between the cable sheath and the interior innerduct surface is achieved by providing the interior wall of the innerduct with longitudinal ribs or ribs forming a spiral-like structure in the Interior wall of the innerduct, the spiral ribs being used particularly when external lubrication is applied.
  • cross- sections of the ribs forming grooves in the interior wall of the innerduct have a shape of a rectangle or a triangle with its top ridge facing towards the innerduct interior.
  • Such a solution is, for instance, an innerduct manufactured by co-extrusion of two polymeric layers with an inner layer of lower thickness having good sliding properties (e.g., a low coefficient of friction) and longitudinal ribs.
  • the sliding properties of the inner layer are obtained by incorporating a specified amount of lubricants or slide-increasing additives (such as graphite, silicone, MOS 2 , PTFE (e.g., TEFLON®), etc.) directly into the polymer.
  • lubricants or slide-increasing additives such as graphite, silicone, MOS 2 , PTFE (e.g., TEFLON®), etc.
  • a relative disadvantage of this method which otherwise appears to be the most advantageous with respect to lowering of the coefficient of friction, is that the relatively expensive material comprising the inner lubricated or slide layer is contained even in those portions of the interior innerduct wall which are not in direct physical contact with the cable, thus unnecessarily increasing the price of the whole innerduct.
  • an innerduct having an outer circumference and an inner circumference having a plurality of alternating grooves and radially projecting, longitudinally extending members disposed on at least a portion of a surface of the inner circumference, wherein a lubricous material is disposed on at least a portion of the surface of the members, wherein the grooves are substantially free of the lubricous material.
  • an innerduct having an outer circumference and an inner circumference having a lubricous material disposed on at least a portion of the surface of the inner circumference in a discontinuous pattern.
  • a method for making a lubricated innerduct comprising: providing an innerduct having an outer and inner circumference; and applying a lubricous material to at least a portion of the surface of the inner circumference in a discontinuous pattern.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a duct, in accordance with the general teachings of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 illustrates an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view of a detail of the ribs and grooves of the duct depicted in Figure 1 , in accordance with the general teachings of the present invention.
  • the present invention overcomes, or at least eliminates to a considerable extent, the shortcomings of conventional methods relating to the installation and mechanical protection of fiber optic cables within innerducts.
  • primary reference will be made to the use of the present invention in conjunction with fiber optic cables, it should be appreciated than many other types of cables, lines, and/or conduits may also be used to practice the present invention, such as power transmission lines, fluid transmission lines, and so forth.
  • the innerduct of the present invention is preferably comprised of a polymeric material, such as, but not limited to polyethylene (e.g., high density polyethylene) wherein the inner or interior surface of the innerduct is provided with a system (e.g., a plurality) of radially protruding, longitudinally extending members (e.g., a series of ribs and corresponding grooves) which are preferably evenly spaced around the circumference thereof.
  • the shape of each of the grooves is given by the base cylindrical surface of the duct inner surface in its bottom area and by surfaces of the adjacent ribs in the area of its sides, the ribs having a cross-section of a substantially drop-like shape narrowing towards the base cylindrical surface of the duct inner surface.
  • the rib height preferably constitutes about 20 to about 60% of the innerduct wall thickness and the rib peak width is preferably about two to about four times the rib foot width.
  • the present preferred minimum groove width between adjacent ribs is about 1 to about 2 times the rib peak width.
  • the end of the rib top has a shape of a cylindrical surface and if at least a portion of the surface of the rib in this top area (i.e., in the place of the possible physical contact with the cable sheath) are covered with a layer of a lubricant or slide material attached firmly to the rib body.
  • the main benefit of the present invention is the fact that the grooves in the duct inner wall have, in comparison with the prior art, a more closed shape given by ribs of a drop-like cross-section. This will manifest itself favorably (with respect to aerodynamics) when blowing is used as the main or auxiliary process in the cable installation. Practical blowing conditions inside conventional innerducts lead to a flow which is turbulent in nature. On the contrary, the present invention provides a closed shape of the groove which creates favorable conditions for occurrence of a streamline (i.e., laminar) or predominantly streamline flow due to the existence of a laminar sublayer (produced during the turbulent flow along the rib wall) filling a large part of the groove cross-section.
  • a streamline i.e., laminar
  • predominantly streamline flow due to the existence of a laminar sublayer (produced during the turbulent flow along the rib wall) filling a large part of the groove cross-section.
  • pressure losses during turbulent flow are typically higher than those in a streamline (i.e., laminar) flow due to an exchange of particle momentum in the course of particle mixing motions between adjacent layers of flowing gas when the particles, besides the basic motion in the flow direction, perform their own motions outside of the flow direction.
  • the different pressure losses result in a flow from the groove volume into the innerduct internal space caused by a pressure difference in the given innerduct cross- section. This direction of the flow assists in shifting the cable towards the innerduct center thus reducing the friction drag on the cable when it is being transported (e.g., by pulling, pushing, blowing, and the like) through the innerduct.
  • the drop-like shape of the rib with a cylindrical end at the rib top reduces considerably the risk of formation of sharp projections (in the innerduct manufacture) that might damage the cable sheath during its installation. Because the cable sheath is in contact with the rib tops, both of which have oppositely curved surfaces contacting each other virtually in a straight line, the advantage of ribbed innerducts, i.e., the minimum contact area between the cable and the duct inner surface, is maintained. As the lubricous material is applied or disposed only in the rib top area where physical contact with the cable being installed is expected, a savings (up to 50 percent) of relatively expensive lubricous material is achieved.
  • Innerduct 1 which is intended primarily for installation and mechanical protection of fiber optic cables is preferably made of polyethylene and has an outside diameter D of about 40 mm, a wall thickness hi of about 2.9 mm and is preferably provided with a plurality or system of about 50 radially projecting, longitudinally extending ribs 3 and a corresponding number of grooves 4, which are preferably evenly spaced around its internal circumference.
  • the shape of each of the grooves 4 is given by the base cylindrical surface 5 of the innerduct 1 inner surface in the groove bottom area and surfaces 9 of adjacent ribs 3 in the area of the groove sides.
  • the separate ribs 3 have a drop-like cross-section narrowing towards the base cylindrical surface 5 of the innerduct 1 inner surface.
  • the height h2 of ribs 3 is preferably about 1.2 mm and, consequently, constitutes about 40% of the thickness hi of the innerduct wall 2.
  • the top width s1 of ribs 3 is preferably about 0.8 mm which constitutes about twice the rib foot width s2 (i.e., about 0.4 mm).
  • the minimum width s3 of grooves 5 between the adjacent ribs 3 is about 1.2 mm, being consequently 1.5 times the rib 3 top width s1.
  • the ends of the ribs 3 in the rib top area 7 have a shape of a cylindrical surface, which is provided with a layer of a lubricous or slide material 8 having a thickness h3 of about 0.5 mm at maximum.
  • the lubricous material 8 is preferably connected firmly to the body of the rib 3, by any number of suitable methods such as co-extrusion, applying, spraying, pouring, painting, brushing, rolling, gluing, laminating, and so forth.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une conduit interne cannelé lubrifié (1) destiné à être utilisé avec des câbles à fibres optiques. Le conduit interne (1) présente une circonférence externe et une circonférence interne, le conduit interne (1) comprenant une pluralité de rainures alternées (4) et des éléments (3) en projection radiale s'étendant longitudinalement et sur au moins une partie de la surface de la circonférence interne. Une substance lubrifiante (8) est appliquée sur au moins une partie de la surface des éléments (3), les rainures (4) étant sensiblement dépourvues de substance lubrifiante (8).
PCT/US2000/010527 2000-04-19 2000-04-19 Conduit interne lubrifie pour cables a fibres optiques Ceased WO2001081969A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2000243629A AU2000243629A1 (en) 2000-04-19 2000-04-19 Lubricated innerduct for fiber optic cables
PCT/US2000/010527 WO2001081969A1 (fr) 2000-04-19 2000-04-19 Conduit interne lubrifie pour cables a fibres optiques

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2000/010527 WO2001081969A1 (fr) 2000-04-19 2000-04-19 Conduit interne lubrifie pour cables a fibres optiques

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001081969A1 true WO2001081969A1 (fr) 2001-11-01

Family

ID=21741294

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2000/010527 Ceased WO2001081969A1 (fr) 2000-04-19 2000-04-19 Conduit interne lubrifie pour cables a fibres optiques

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2000243629A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001081969A1 (fr)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7557301B2 (en) 2004-09-28 2009-07-07 Southwire Company Method of manufacturing electrical cable having reduced required force for installation
US7749024B2 (en) 2004-09-28 2010-07-06 Southwire Company Method of manufacturing THHN electrical cable, and resulting product, with reduced required installation pulling force
CN103972848A (zh) * 2014-05-26 2014-08-06 常熟市谷雷特机械产品设计有限公司 一种用于敷设气吹线缆的自承式管道
CN103972846A (zh) * 2014-05-26 2014-08-06 常熟市谷雷特机械产品设计有限公司 一种用于敷设气吹线缆的管道
US8986586B2 (en) 2009-03-18 2015-03-24 Southwire Company, Llc Electrical cable having crosslinked insulation with internal pulling lubricant
US9200234B1 (en) 2009-10-21 2015-12-01 Encore Wire Corporation System, composition and method of application of same for reducing the coefficient of friction and required pulling force during installation of wire or cable
US9352371B1 (en) 2012-02-13 2016-05-31 Encore Wire Corporation Method of manufacture of electrical wire and cable having a reduced coefficient of friction and required pulling force
US9431152B2 (en) 2004-09-28 2016-08-30 Southwire Company, Llc Method of manufacturing electrical cable, and resulting product, with reduced required installation pulling force
US9864381B2 (en) 2007-02-15 2018-01-09 Southwire Company, Llc Integrated systems facilitating wire and cable installations
EP3201570A4 (fr) * 2014-09-18 2018-05-30 Baker Hughes Incorporated Capteur sans contrainte
US10056742B1 (en) 2013-03-15 2018-08-21 Encore Wire Corporation System, method and apparatus for spray-on application of a wire pulling lubricant
US10325696B2 (en) 2010-06-02 2019-06-18 Southwire Company, Llc Flexible cable with structurally enhanced conductors
US20190279785A1 (en) * 2002-09-24 2019-09-12 Commscope Technologies Llc Communication wire
US10431350B1 (en) 2015-02-12 2019-10-01 Southwire Company, Llc Non-circular electrical cable having a reduced pulling force
US11328843B1 (en) 2012-09-10 2022-05-10 Encore Wire Corporation Method of manufacture of electrical wire and cable having a reduced coefficient of friction and required pulling force
USD1058518S1 (en) 2002-09-24 2025-01-21 Commscope Technologies Llc Insulated conductor

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4688890A (en) * 1985-03-11 1987-08-25 Goodall Rubber Company Fiber optic cable inner duct

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4688890A (en) * 1985-03-11 1987-08-25 Goodall Rubber Company Fiber optic cable inner duct

Cited By (55)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USD1058518S1 (en) 2002-09-24 2025-01-21 Commscope Technologies Llc Insulated conductor
US20190279785A1 (en) * 2002-09-24 2019-09-12 Commscope Technologies Llc Communication wire
US11355262B2 (en) * 2002-09-24 2022-06-07 Commscope Technologies Llc Communication wire
US9142336B2 (en) 2004-09-28 2015-09-22 Southwire Company, Llc Method of manufacturing electrical cable, and resulting product, with reduced required installation pulling force
US11355264B2 (en) 2004-09-28 2022-06-07 Southwire Company, Llc Method of manufacturing electrical cable, and resulting product, with reduced required installation pulling force
US10706988B2 (en) 2004-09-28 2020-07-07 Southwire Company, Llc Method of manufacturing electrical cable, and resulting product, with reduced required installation pulling force
US11942236B2 (en) 2004-09-28 2024-03-26 Southwire Company, Llc Method of manufacturing electrical cable, and resulting product, with reduced required installation pulling force
US11842827B2 (en) 2004-09-28 2023-12-12 Southwire Company, Llc Method of manufacturing electrical cable, and resulting product, with reduced required installation pulling force
US9431152B2 (en) 2004-09-28 2016-08-30 Southwire Company, Llc Method of manufacturing electrical cable, and resulting product, with reduced required installation pulling force
US11776715B2 (en) 2004-09-28 2023-10-03 Southwire Company, Llc Method of manufacturing electrical cable, and resulting product, with reduced required installation pulling force
US7749024B2 (en) 2004-09-28 2010-07-06 Southwire Company Method of manufacturing THHN electrical cable, and resulting product, with reduced required installation pulling force
US11527339B2 (en) 2004-09-28 2022-12-13 Southwire Company, Llc Method of manufacturing electrical cable, and resulting product, with reduced required installation pulling force
US10763009B2 (en) 2004-09-28 2020-09-01 Southwire Company, Llc Method of manufacturing electrical cable, and resulting product, with reduced required installation pulling force
US10763008B2 (en) 2004-09-28 2020-09-01 Southwire Company, Llc Method of manufacturing electrical cable, and resulting product, with reduced required installation pulling force
US7557301B2 (en) 2004-09-28 2009-07-07 Southwire Company Method of manufacturing electrical cable having reduced required force for installation
US12300403B2 (en) 2004-09-28 2025-05-13 Southwire Company, Llc Method of manufacturing electrical cable, and resulting product, with reduced required installation pulling force
US10763010B2 (en) 2004-09-28 2020-09-01 Southwire Company, Llc Method of manufacturing electrical cable, and resulting product, with reduced required installation pulling force
US11011285B2 (en) 2004-09-28 2021-05-18 Southwire Company, Llc Method of manufacturing electrical cable, and resulting product, with reduced required installation pulling force
US9864381B2 (en) 2007-02-15 2018-01-09 Southwire Company, Llc Integrated systems facilitating wire and cable installations
US10023740B2 (en) 2009-03-18 2018-07-17 Southwire Company, Llc Electrical cable having crosslinked insulation with internal pulling lubricant
US11046851B2 (en) 2009-03-18 2021-06-29 Southwire Company, Llc Electrical cable having crosslinked insulation with internal pulling lubricant
US8986586B2 (en) 2009-03-18 2015-03-24 Southwire Company, Llc Electrical cable having crosslinked insulation with internal pulling lubricant
US10062475B1 (en) 2009-10-21 2018-08-28 Encore Wire Corporation System, composition and method of application of same for reducing the coefficient of friction and required pulling force during installation of wire or cable
US11101053B1 (en) 2009-10-21 2021-08-24 Encore Wire Corporation System, composition and method of application of same for reducing the coefficient of friction and required pulling force during installation of wire or cable
US12300404B1 (en) 2009-10-21 2025-05-13 Encore Wire Corporation System, composition and method of application of same for reducing the coefficient of friction and required pulling force during installation of wire or cable
US10580551B1 (en) 2009-10-21 2020-03-03 Encore Wire Corporation System, composition and method of application of same for reducing the coefficient of friction and required pulling force during installation of wire or cable
US9200234B1 (en) 2009-10-21 2015-12-01 Encore Wire Corporation System, composition and method of application of same for reducing the coefficient of friction and required pulling force during installation of wire or cable
US11456088B1 (en) 2009-10-21 2022-09-27 Encore Wire Corporation System, composition and method of application of same for reducing the coefficient of friction and required pulling force during installation of wire or cable
US9458404B1 (en) 2009-10-21 2016-10-04 Encore Wire Corporation System, composition and method of application of same for reducing the coefficient of friction and required pulling force during installation of wire or cable
US11783963B1 (en) 2009-10-21 2023-10-10 Encore Wire Corporation System, composition and method of application of same for reducing the coefficient of friction and required pulling force during installation of wire or cable
US10276279B1 (en) 2009-10-21 2019-04-30 Encore Wire Corporation System, composition and method of application of same for reducing the coefficient of friction and required pulling force during installation of wire or cable
US11145433B2 (en) 2010-06-02 2021-10-12 Southwire Company, Llc Flexible cable with structurally enhanced conductors
US10325696B2 (en) 2010-06-02 2019-06-18 Southwire Company, Llc Flexible cable with structurally enhanced conductors
US10418156B1 (en) 2012-02-13 2019-09-17 Encore Wire Corporation Method of manufacture of electrical wire and cable having a reduced coefficient of friction and required pulling force
US10943713B1 (en) 2012-02-13 2021-03-09 Encore Wire Corporation Method of manufacture of electrical wire and cable having a reduced coefficient of friction and required pulling force
US9352371B1 (en) 2012-02-13 2016-05-31 Encore Wire Corporation Method of manufacture of electrical wire and cable having a reduced coefficient of friction and required pulling force
US10102947B1 (en) 2012-02-13 2018-10-16 Encore Wire Corporation Method of manufacture of electrical wire and cable having a reduced coefficient of friction and required pulling force
US10777338B1 (en) 2012-02-13 2020-09-15 Encore Wire Corporation Method of manufacture of electrical wire and cable having a reduced coefficient of friction and required pulling force
US11328843B1 (en) 2012-09-10 2022-05-10 Encore Wire Corporation Method of manufacture of electrical wire and cable having a reduced coefficient of friction and required pulling force
US11444440B1 (en) 2013-03-15 2022-09-13 Encore Wire Corporation System, method and apparatus for spray-on application of a wire pulling lubricant
US12176688B1 (en) 2013-03-15 2024-12-24 Encore Wire Corporation System, method and apparatus for spray-on application of a wire pulling lubricant
US11522348B1 (en) 2013-03-15 2022-12-06 Encore Wire Corporation System, method and apparatus for spray-on application of a wire pulling lubricant
US12322937B1 (en) 2013-03-15 2025-06-03 Encore Wire Corporation System, method and apparatus for spray-on application of a wire pulling lubricant
US10056742B1 (en) 2013-03-15 2018-08-21 Encore Wire Corporation System, method and apparatus for spray-on application of a wire pulling lubricant
US12322936B1 (en) 2013-03-15 2025-06-03 Encore Wire Corporation System, method and apparatus for spray-on application of a wire pulling lubricant
US10847955B1 (en) 2013-03-15 2020-11-24 Encore Wire Corporation System, method and apparatus for spray-on application of a wire pulling lubricant
US10680418B1 (en) 2013-03-15 2020-06-09 Encore Wire Corporation System, method and apparatus for spray-on application of a wire pulling lubricant
US12015251B1 (en) 2013-03-15 2024-06-18 Encore Wire Corporation System, method and apparatus for spray-on application of a wire pulling lubricant
CN103972846A (zh) * 2014-05-26 2014-08-06 常熟市谷雷特机械产品设计有限公司 一种用于敷设气吹线缆的管道
CN103972848A (zh) * 2014-05-26 2014-08-06 常熟市谷雷特机械产品设计有限公司 一种用于敷设气吹线缆的自承式管道
EP3201570A4 (fr) * 2014-09-18 2018-05-30 Baker Hughes Incorporated Capteur sans contrainte
US10431350B1 (en) 2015-02-12 2019-10-01 Southwire Company, Llc Non-circular electrical cable having a reduced pulling force
US10741310B1 (en) 2015-02-12 2020-08-11 Southwire Company, Llc Non-circular electrical cable having a reduced pulling force
US11348707B1 (en) 2015-02-12 2022-05-31 Southwire Company, Llc Method of manufacturing a non-circular electrical cable having a reduced pulling force
US12431266B1 (en) 2015-02-12 2025-09-30 Southwire Company, Llc Non-circular electrical cable having a reduced pulling force

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