WO2001065319A1 - Mechanical timepiece with electrostatic capacity type detecting part and braking part - Google Patents

Abstract

A mechanical timepiece, comprising a movement (200) including a movement barrel (120), a second wheel (124), a third wheel (126), a fourth wheel (128), a timed annular balance (140), an escape wheel (130), and a pallet fork (142), coils (180a, 180b) being installed on the front surface of a main plate (102) so that these coils face the main plate side surface of an annular balance wheel (140b), a balance magnet (140e) being installed on the main plate side surface of the annular balance wheel (140b) so that the balance magnet (140e) faces the front surface of the main plate (102) , and additionally comprising a detection part (276) installed for detecting the swing angle of the timed annular balance by detecting a variation in electrostatic capacity between a timed annular balance electrostatic capacity electrode part (240) and a detecting electrostatic capacity electrode (250) varying according to the operating condition of the timed annular balance (140) and a braking part (146) formed so that a force to suppress the rotation of the timed annular balance (140) is applied to the timed annular balance (140) when the swing angle of the timed annular balance (140) detected by the detection part (276) is equal to or more than a pre-set angle.

Description

 Mechanical watch with a text-format detection unit and a braking unit

〔Technical field〕

 The present invention relates to a mechanical timepiece having a capacitance-type detection unit and a braking unit, configured to apply a force to suppress the rotation of the balance with hairspring based on a detection result of a swing angle of the balance with hairspring. .

(Background technology)

 In a conventional mechanical timepiece, as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, a movement (mechanical body) 110 of the mechanical timepiece has a main plate 1102 constituting a substrate of the movement. The winding stem 111 is rotatably incorporated into the winding guide hole 111a of the main plate 111. A dial 1 104 (shown in phantom in FIG. 14) is attached to the movement 110.

 Generally, of the ground 1 = opposite side, the side with the dial is called the “back side” of the movement, and the side opposite to the side with the dial is called the “front side” of the movement. The train wheel built into the “front side” of the movement is called “front train wheel”, and the train wheel built into the “back side” of the movement is called “back train wheel”.

The position of the winding stem 1 110 in the axial direction is determined by a switching device that includes the setting 1 1 9 0, the latch 1 1 9 2, the latch spring 1 1 9 4, and the back retainer 1 1 9 6. The wheel 1 1 1 2 is rotatably provided on the guide shaft of the winding stem 1 1 1 0. The winding stem 1 1 1 1 0 is located at the first winding stem position closest to the inside of the movement along the axis of rotation (0 step When the stem 1 1 1 0 is rotated in the state of the eye, the wheel 1 1 1 2 rotates through the rotation of the pinwheel. The round hole wheel 1 1 1 4 is rotated by the rotation of the wheel 1 1 1 2. The square wheel 1 1 1 6 is rotated by the rotation of the round hole wheel 1 1 1 4. The mainspring 1 1 2 2 housed in the barrel box 1 1 2 0 is wound up as the square wheel 1 1 1 6 rotates. The second wheel 1 1 2 4 is rotated by the rotation of the barrel 1 1 2 0. The escape wheel 1 1 3 0 rotates through the rotation of the 4th wheel 1 1 2 8, the 3rd wheel 1 1 2 6, and the 2nd wheel 1 1 2 4. Incense box 1 1 2 0, 2nd wheel 1 1 2 4, 3rd wheel 1 1 2 6 and 4th wheel 1 1 2 8 constitute a front wheel train.

 The escape / governing device for controlling the rotation of the front wheel train includes a balance 111, an escape wheel 111, and an ankle 111. The balance 111 includes a balance 111a, a balance wheel 114Ob, and a hairspring 111c. Based on the rotation of the second wheel & pinion 1 1 2 4, the cylinder pinion 1 1 50 rotates simultaneously. The minute hand 1 1 5 2 attached to the cylindrical pin 1 1 50 displays “minute”. The cannon pinion 1150 is provided with a slip mechanism for the second wheel & pinion 1124. Based on the rotation of the canal pinion 115, the hour wheel 1154 rotates through the rotation of the minute wheel. The hour hand 1 1 5 6 attached to the hour wheel 1 1 5 4 indicates “hour”.

 The barrel car 1 120 is supported so as to be rotatable with respect to the main plate 1 102 and the barrel holder 1 160. The second wheel 1 1 2 4, the third wheel 1 1 2 6, the fourth wheel 1 1 2 8, and the escape wheel 1 1 3 0 are for the main plate 1 1 0 2 and the train wheel bridge 1 1 6 2 It is supported so that it can rotate. The ankle 1 1 4 2 is supported so as to be rotatable with respect to the main plate 1 1 10 2 and the ankle receiver 1 1 6 4. The balance with hairspring 1140 is supported so as to be rotatable with respect to the balance plate 1102 and the balance with hairspring 1166.

The hairspring 1 140 c is a thin leaf spring having a spiral shape with a plurality of turns. The inner end of the hairspring 1 1 4 0 c is fixed to the beard ball 1 1 4 0 d fixed to the balance 1 1 4 0 a, and the outer end of the hairspring 1 1 4 0 c is It is fixed by a screw through a beard holder 1170a attached to a beard holder 1170 fixed to the balance with hairspring holder 1166.

 A needle 1168 is rotatably mounted on the balance 1166. A beard receiver 1 168 a and a beard bar 1 168 are attached to the needle 1 168. The portion of the hairspring 1140c near the outer end is located between the whiskers 1168a and the whiskers 1168b.

 In general, in a typical conventional mechanical watch, as shown in Fig. 15, as the mainspring is unwound from a state in which the mainspring is completely wound up (full winding state), and the duration of the mainspring has elapsed, the mainspring torque increases. Decreases. For example, in the case of Fig. 15, the mainspring torque is about 27 g * cm in the fully wound state, becomes about 23 g-cm after 20 hours from the fully wound state, and 40 hours after the fully wound state Approximately 18 g · cm.

 In general, in a typical conventional mechanical timepiece, as shown in Fig. 16, when the power torque decreases, the swing angle of the balance with hairspring also decreases. For example, in the case of Fig. 16, when the mainspring torque is 25 to 28 gcm, the swing angle of the balance with hairspring is about 240 to 270 degrees, and when the mainspring torque is 20 to 25 g The angle is about 180-240 degrees.

 Referring to FIG. 17, there is shown a transition of an instantaneous rate (a numerical value indicating the precision of the watch) with respect to a swing angle of a balance with a typical conventional mechanical timepiece. Here, the "instantaneous rate" is defined as "when the mechanical watch is left for one day while maintaining the state and environment, such as the swing angle of the balance when measuring the rate, A value indicating the advance or delay of a mechanical watch ”. In the case of FIG. 17, the instantaneous rate is delayed when the swing angle of the balance with hairspring is 240 degrees or more, or 200 degrees or less.

For example, in a typical conventional mechanical watch, as shown in Fig. 17, when the swing angle of the balance with hairspring is about 200 to 240 degrees, the instantaneous rate is about 0 to 5 seconds. One Approximately 0-5 seconds, advance), when the swing angle of the balance with hair is approximately 170 degrees, the instantaneous rate is approximately 120 seconds / day (delays approximately 20 seconds per day).

 FIG. 18 shows the transition of the elapsed time and the instantaneous rate when the mainspring is rewound from the fully wound state in a typical conventional mechanical timepiece. Here, in conventional mechanical watches, the “rate”, which indicates the advance or the delay of the watch per day, is the time elapsed from the time when the mainspring is completely unwound as shown by the extra-fine line in Fig. 18. It is obtained by integrating the instantaneous rate for 24 hours.

 In general, in a conventional mechanical timepiece, as the mainspring is unwound from the fully wound state and the duration time elapses, the mainspring torque decreases and the swing angle of the balance with hairspring decreases, so that the instantaneous rate is delayed. For this reason, in conventional mechanical watches, the instantaneous rate when the watch is fully wound is advanced in advance in anticipation of the delay of the watch after the elapse of 24 hours. The watch was adjusted in advance so that the “rate”, which indicates the advance of the clock or the delay of the clock, became positive.

 For example, in a typical conventional mechanical timepiece, the instantaneous rate is about 3 seconds / day (about 3 seconds per day) when fully wound, as shown by the extra-fine line in Fig. 18. After 20 hours from the winding state, the instantaneous rate is about 13 seconds / day (about 3 seconds behind each day), and after 24 hours from the full winding state, the instantaneous rate is about _8 seconds / day (Delay of about 8 seconds per day) After 30 hours from the full winding state, the instantaneous rate is about 16 seconds / day (about 16 seconds late per day).

 As a conventional balance angle adjusting device for a balance with hairspring, an overcurrent is generated every time the magnet of the balance with hairspring approaches and has a swing angle adjusting plate for applying a braking force to the balance with hairspring. It is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 544-141675.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a highly accurate mechanical timepiece with a small change in the rate even after a lapse of time from the fully wound state. [Disclosure of the Invention]

 The present invention relates to a mainspring constituting a power source of a mechanical timepiece, a front train wheel that rotates by a rotational force when the mainspring is unwound, and an escapement / governing device for controlling the rotation of the front train wheel. This escapement / governing device has a balance that alternates between right and left rotations, an escape wheel that rotates based on the rotation of the front train wheel, and a spring based on the operation of the balance with hairspring. A mechanical timepiece configured to include a pallet for controlling the rotation of a car, wherein the mechanical timepiece is provided to detect a swing angle of the balance with hairspring by detecting a capacitance that changes in accordance with an operation state of the balance with hairspring. And a braking unit configured to apply a force to the balance with hairspring to suppress the rotation of the balance with hairspring when the swing angle of the balance with hairspring detected by the detection unit is equal to or greater than a preset angle. It is characterized by the following.

 In the mechanical timepiece of the present invention, in order to measure the rotation operation of the balance with hairspring, the balance electrode of the balance with hairspread is arranged on the balance with hairspring, and the detection unit is arranged with a certain gap from the balance with the balance of balance with hairspring. In addition, it is preferable to include a capacitance electrode for detection arranged on the base plate via an insulating portion.

 Further, in the mechanical timepiece of the invention, the balance with hairspring capacitance electrode is fixed to the side surface of the outer periphery of the balance wheel via a balance with hairspring insulator for insulating the balance with the balance with hairspring electrostatic capacitance. Is preferred.

 In the mechanical timepiece of the present invention, the balance with hairspring capacitance electrode may be configured to be fixed to the side surface of the outer periphery of the balance with hairspring.

 Further, in the mechanical timepiece of the present invention, the balance with hairspring capacitance electrode is disposed on the lower surface of the balance arm with a balance-insulating portion for insulating the balance with the balance with hairspring electrostatic capacitance. You may comprise so that it may be.

 Further, in the mechanical timepiece of the present invention, the balance with hairspring capacitance electrode portion may be arranged on the lower surface of the balance with hairspring on the base plate side.

Further, in the mechanical timepiece of the present invention, the braking section brakes the movement of the balance magnet. It is preferred to include a coil arranged so that

 By using the detection unit and the braking unit configured as described above, the rotation angle of the balance of the mechanical watch can be effectively controlled, thereby improving the accuracy of the mechanical watch. it can.

 Further, the mechanical timepiece of the present invention includes a balance rotation detection circuit configured to control a voltage applied to the balance with hairspread electrode, and a balance between the balance with hairspring electrode and the capacitance electrode for detection. A capacitance detection circuit provided to measure the change in capacitance between the balance and the balance between the balance electrode and the detection capacitance electrode output by the balance detection circuit Is configured to calculate the swing angle of the balance with hairspring based on the measurement result of the change in capacitance between the balance electrode and the detection capacitance electrode. A balance rotation control circuit, wherein when the swing angle of the balance with hairspring is smaller than a certain threshold value, the coil is not turned on, and the swing angle of the balance with hairspring is set at the certain fixed angle. If above threshold, call Preferably, it is configured to conduct.

 Further, it is preferable that the mechanical timepiece of the present invention is configured to further include a balance rotation detection circuit, a capacitance detection circuit, and a power storage unit for operating the balance rotation control circuit.

 It is preferable that the mechanical timepiece of the present invention further includes a power generation unit for charging the power storage unit.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a mainspring constituting a power source of a mechanical timepiece, a front train wheel which rotates by a rotational force when the mainspring is unwound, and an escape / governing control for controlling the rotation of the front train wheel. This escapement / speed governor is equipped with a balance wheel that alternately rotates clockwise and counterclockwise, an escape wheel that rotates based on the rotation of the front train wheel, and a balance wheel based on the operation of the balance wheel. In a mechanical timepiece configured to include an pallet for controlling rotation of an escape wheel, a power storage unit forming a power supply, a power generation unit for charging the power storage unit, a balance, A speed control unit including a balance magnet provided on the balance with hairspring and a balance electrode unit provided on the balance with hairspring; A detection unit including a capacitance electrode, which detects the swinging angle of the balance with hairspring by detecting the capacitance that changes in accordance with the operation state of the balance with hairspring, and brakes the movement of the balance with hairspring. A control section including a coil arranged so as to be able to perform the control, and a balance rotation detecting circuit configured to control a voltage applied to the balance with hairspread electrode; A capacitance detection circuit provided to measure a change in capacitance between the capacitance electrode and the balance electrode between the balance electrode and the detection capacitance electrode output by the capacitance detection circuit; The change in capacitance between A balance wheel configured to input a signal and calculate the swing angle of the balance with hairspring based on the measurement result of the change in the capacitance between the balance and the detection capacitive electrode. And an IC including a control circuit.

 When the swing angle of the balance with hairspring is less than a certain threshold value, the coil does not conduct, and the swing angle of the balance with hairspring is as described above. When the voltage is equal to or higher than a certain threshold, the coil is made conductive.

 With this configuration, it is possible to provide a highly accurate mechanical timepiece with little change in the rate even after the lapse of time from the fully wound state.

[Brief description of drawings]

 FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a schematic shape of a front side of a movement in an embodiment of a mechanical timepiece of the present invention. (In FIG. 1, some parts are omitted, and a receiving member is shown by a virtual line. ).

FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a train wheel, an escapement / governing device in an embodiment of the mechanical timepiece of the present invention. FIG. 3 is an enlarged partial plan view showing a schematic shape of a balance with hairspring in the embodiment of the mechanical timepiece of the present invention.

 FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial plan view showing a schematic configuration of the speed control unit and the detection unit in a state where the balance with hairspring is not rotating in the embodiment of the mechanical timepiece of the present invention.

 FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view showing a schematic shape of a speed governor and a detector in the embodiment of the mechanical timepiece of the present invention.

 FIG. 6 is an enlarged partial plan view showing a schematic shape of the speed governor and the detector in a state where the balance with hairspring is rotated 90 degrees in the embodiment of the mechanical timepiece of the present invention.

 FIG. 7 is an enlarged partial plan view showing the schematic shapes of the speed governing unit and the detecting unit in a state in which the balance with hairspring is not rotating in another embodiment of the mechanical timepiece of the present invention;

 FIG. 8 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a speed control unit and a detection unit in another embodiment of the mechanical timepiece of the present invention.

 FIG. 9 is an enlarged partial plan view showing the schematic shapes of the speed governor and the detector in a state where the balance with hairspring is rotated 90 degrees in another embodiment of the mechanical timepiece of the present invention.

 FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a schematic shape of a balance magnet used in the embodiment of the mechanical timepiece of the present invention.

 FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a mechanical timepiece according to the present invention.

 FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing the operation of the mechanical timepiece of the present invention.

 FIG. 13 is a plan view showing a schematic shape of a front side of a movement of a conventional mechanical timepiece (in FIG. 13, some parts are omitted, and a receiving member is indicated by an imaginary line). FIG. 14 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the movement of a conventional mechanical timepiece (some parts are omitted in FIG. 14).

 FIG. 15 is a graph schematically showing the relationship between the elapsed time of unwinding from a full turn and a mainspring torque in a mechanical timepiece.

Figure 16 shows the relationship between the swing angle of the balance with hairspring and the mainspring torque in a mechanical watch. It is a graph shown roughly.

 FIG. 17 is a graph schematically showing the relationship between the swing angle of the balance with hair and the instantaneous rate in a mechanical timepiece.

 FIG. 18 is a graph schematically showing a relationship between an elapsed time taken from all windings and an instantaneous rate in the mechanical timepiece of the present invention and a conventional mechanical timepiece.

[Best mode for carrying out the invention]

 An embodiment of a mechanical timepiece according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

 (1) Configuration of switching device and winding section

 Referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, in the embodiment of the mechanical timepiece of the present invention, the movement (mechanical body) 200 of the mechanical timepiece has a main plate 102 constituting a substrate of the movement. . The winding stem 110 is rotatably incorporated in the winding guide hole 102 a of the main plate 102. The dial 104 (see Fig. 2) is mounted on the movement 200. The winding stem 110 has a corner and a guide shaft. A thumbwheel (not shown) is installed at the corner of the winding stem 110. The ratchet wheel has the same rotation axis as that of the winding pin 110. That is, the pinwheel has a square hole, and is provided so as to rotate based on the rotation of the winding stem 110 by fitting the square hole into the corner of the winding stem 110. The ratchet wheel has insteps and teeth. The instep is located at the end of the wheel closer to the center of the movement. The second tooth is located at the end of the wheel closer to the outside of the element.

The movement 200 is provided with a switching device for determining the position of the winding stem 110 in the axial direction. The switching device includes a setting lever 190, a latch 1992, a latch spring 1994, and a back retainer 1996. The position of the winding stem 110 in the rotation axis direction is determined based on the rotation of the setting. The rotation of the pinwheel based on the rotation of the bolt Determine the position. Based on the rotation of the setting, the bar is positioned in two rotational directions.

 The wheel 1 1 2 is rotatably provided on the guide shaft of the winding stem 110. When the winding stem 110 is rotated in a state where the winding stem 110 is located at the first winding stem position (the 0th stage) closest to the inside of the element along the rotation axis direction, The wheel 1 1 2 is configured to rotate via the rotation of the wheel. The round wheel 1 1 4 is configured to rotate by the rotation of the wheel 1 1 2. The square hole wheel 116 is configured to rotate by the rotation of the round hole wheel 114.

(2) Power source and wheel train configuration

 The movement 2000 uses a mainspring 122 housed in a barrel car 120 as a power source. The mainspring 1 2 2 is made of an elastic material having a spring property such as iron. The configuration is such that the mainspring 1 2 2 can be wound up by rotating the square wheel 1 1 6.

 The second wheel & pinion 124 is configured to rotate by the rotation of the barrel wheel 120. The third wheel 1 2 6 is configured to rotate based on the rotation of the second wheel 1 2 4. 4th car

1 2 8 is configured to rotate based on the rotation of the third wheel 1 2 6. Escape wheel

130 is configured to rotate based on the rotation of the fourth wheel & pinion 128. The barrel car 1 2 0, the second wheel 1 2 4, the third wheel 1 2 6 and the fourth wheel 1 2 8 constitute a front wheel train.

(3) Escape

Movement 200 is provided with an escape / governing device for controlling the rotation of the front train wheel. The escapement and governor operate the balance wheel 140, which rotates clockwise and counterclockwise at regular intervals, the escape wheel 1330, which rotates based on the rotation of the front train wheel, and the balance wheel 140, And an ankle 142 for controlling the rotation of the escape wheel 130 based on the The balance 140 includes a balance 140 a, a balance wheel 140 O b, and a hairspring 144 c. Four balance arms 14 O f (referred to as “Amida”) for connecting the balance 140 a and the balance wheel 140 b are provided. The number of the balance arm portions 14Of may be two, three, or four or more. The hairspring 140c is made of an elastic material having a spring property such as "Erinba". That is, the hairspring 140c is made of a metal conductive material.

 Based on the rotation of the second wheel & pinion 1, 24, the cylindrical pinion 150 rotates simultaneously. The minute hand 15 2 attached to the barrel pinion 150 is configured to display “minute”. The cannon pinion 150 is provided with a slip mechanism having a predetermined slip torque with respect to the center wheel & pinion 124.

 The minute wheel (not shown) rotates based on the rotation of the cannon pinion 150. Based on the rotation of the reverse wheel, the hour wheel 1 54 rotates. The hour hand 156 attached to the hour wheel 154 is configured to display "hour".

 The barrel barrel 120 is supported rotatably with respect to the main plate 102 and barrel barrel 160. The second wheel 1 2 4, the third wheel 1 2 6, the fourth wheel 1 2 8, and the escape wheel 1 330 are supported so that they can rotate with respect to the main plate 10 2 and the train wheel bridge 16 2 Is done. The ankle 14 2 is supported so as to be rotatable with respect to the ± plate 102 and the ankle receiver 16 4. The balance with hairspring 140 is rotatably supported with respect to the main plate 102 and the balance with hairspring 166. In other words, the upper bell 140 a 1 of the balance 140 a is supported rotatably with respect to the balance upper bearing 166 a fixed to the balance holder 166. The balance-top bearing 1 66 a includes a balance-top stone and a balance-top stone. Balance stones and stones are made of insulating material such as ruby.

The lower border 140a2 of the balance 140a is rotatably supported with respect to the balance lower bearing 102b fixed to the main plate 102. The balance wheel bearing 102b includes a balance hole stone and a balance stone. The lower hole of the balance and the lower stone of the balance are ruby. Made of any insulating material.

 The hairspring 140 c is a thin leaf spring having a spiral shape with a plurality of turns. The inner end of the hairspring 140 c is fixed to a beard ball 140 d fixed to a balance 140 a, and the outer end of the hairspring 140 c is a balance 16 1 It is fixed with a screw via a beard holder 170a attached to a beard holder 1Ί0 rotatably fixed to the shaft. The balance with hairspring 166 is made of a metal conductive material such as brass. Beard support 170 is made of a metal conductive material such as iron.

(4) Configuration of detector

 (4.1) Configuration of detector in embodiment of mechanical watch of the present invention

 Next, the configuration of the detection unit of the mechanical timepiece according to the present invention will be described.

 Referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 5, a balance capacitance electrode section 240 is arranged on the balance with hairspring 140 to measure the rotation operation of the balance with hairspring 140. The balance electrode portion 240 is fixed to the side surface of the outer periphery of the balance wheel 140b via the balance insulating portion 242. The balance insulated portion 242 is provided to insulate the balance electrode portion 240 and the balance ring 14 Ob. The balance electrode portion 240 is made of, for example, a conductive material such as copper. The balance insulating portion 242 is formed of, for example, a plastic material such as polycarbonate. The balance electrode 240b is electrically connected to the balance 14Ob by soldering or the like.

 In this case, it is preferable to form the balance electrode 24 Ob and conduct the conduction with the balance wheel 14 Ob by soldering, and then adjust the balance in advance so that there is no counterweight of the balance 140. .

 As a modification, the balance electrode portion 240b of the balance with hairspring may be fixed to the side surface of the outer periphery of the balance wheel 140b without providing the balance with hairspring insulator 242b.

The angle at which the balance electrode section 240 is provided is based on the center of rotation of the balance 140. For example, it is preferable that the angle is 150 to 210 degrees. The angle at which the balance electrode portion 240 is provided is preferably about 180 degrees with respect to the rotation center of the balance 140.

 In order to measure the rotation operation of the balance with hairspring 140, a capacitance electrode for detection 250 is provided on the main plate 102. The detection capacitance electrode 250 is fixed to the base plate 102 via the ground plane insulating portion 255. That is, the detection capacitance electrode 250 constitutes a detection unit. The ground plane insulating portion 255 is provided to insulate the detection capacitance electrode 250 from the ground plane 102. The detection capacitance electrode 250 is formed of, for example, a conductive material such as copper. The base plate insulating portion 252 is formed of, for example, a plastic material such as polycarbonate.

 In this configuration, governing section 144 includes balance 140, balance magnet 140e, balance electrostatic electrode section 240, and balance insulating section 242. Details of the balance magnet 140 e will be described later.

 The balance electrode portion 240 is configured to rotate with a certain gap with respect to the detection capacitance electrode 250. The constant gap is, for example, 0.2 to 0.3 millimeter.

 Referring to FIG. 4, when the balance with hairspring is not rotating, the entire surface area of the balance electrode portion 240 is configured to face the detection capacitance electrode 250. . On the other hand, referring to FIG. 6, when the balance with hairspring is rotated 90 degrees, about one half of the surface area of the balance electrode 240 of the balance with hairspread is detected by the detection capacitance. It is configured to face the electrode 250.

In a state as shown in FIG. 4, that is, in a state in which the entire surface area of the balance electrode portion 240 is facing the detection capacitance electrode 250, the balance portion portion of the balance electrode portion is detected. The capacitance between 240 and the detection capacitance electrode 250 is approximately 0.6 picofarads. The state shown in FIG. 6, that is, the balance capacitance electrode section 240 In a state in which about one half of the surface area of the balance electrode faces the detection capacitance electrode 250, the balance with the balance electrode electrode 240 and the detection capacitance electrode 250 The capacitance between is about 0.3 picofarads.

 The detection capacitance electrode 250 is connected to the IC 234. The connection lead wire 282 is used for detecting the IC 234 to detect the change in the capacitance between the balance capacitance electrode section 240 and the detection capacitance electrode 250. The terminal is connected to the capacitance electrode 250 for detection.

 The IC 234 includes a balance rotation detection circuit 272, a capacitance detection circuit 273, and a balance rotation control circuit 274. The balance rotation detection circuit 272 is configured to control the voltage applied to the detection capacitance electrode 250. The capacitance detection circuit 273 is provided for measuring a change in capacitance between the balance electrode portion 240 and the detection capacitance electrode 250. The balance rotation control circuit 274 receives a signal relating to a change in capacitance output from the capacitance detection circuit 273, and the balance balance electrode section 240 and the detection capacitance electrode 2 are input. It is configured to calculate the swing angle of the balance with hairspring 140 based on the measurement result of the change in the capacitance between 50 and 50.

(4-2) Detection of swing angle of balance

 The balance rotation control circuit 2 7 4 has an initial value of the capacitance between the balance electrode 2 4 0 and the detection capacitance electrode 2 5 0 and the balance electrode 2 4 0 in advance. The relationship between the value after the change in the capacitance between the balance and the detection capacitance electrode 250 and the swing angle of the balance 140 is stored. Therefore, calculation of the swing angle of the balance with hairspring 140 should be performed using the value of the capacitance between the balance with the balance electrode electrode 240 and the capacitance for detection electrode 250 after change. Can be.

That is, the value of the capacitance (referred to as a balance capacitor) between the balance with hairspring capacitance electrode section 240 and the detection capacitive electrode 250 is C1, and the balance rotation control circuit 2 When the value of the reference capacitance (referred to as the built-in capacitor) built in 74 is C2, and the balance capacitor and built-in capacitor are connected in series, the balance capacitor and built-in capacitor are connected in series. The voltage applied to both ends is V, the terminal voltage of the balance capacitor when this voltage V is applied is V1, and the terminal voltage of the internal capacitor is V2.

 The portion where the balance capacitor and the built-in capacitor are connected in series constitutes a capacitance unit for determining the value of the capacitance of the balance balance and detecting the swing angle of the balance with hairspring 140.

 The charge Q stored in the balance capacitor and built-in capacitor is

 Q = C 1 * V 1 = C 2 * V2

The voltage V applied to both ends of the capacitance part (the series connection part of the balance and the built-in capacitor) is

 V = V 1 + V2

It is.

 For example, C1 = 0.28 [pF], C2 = l.00 [pF], V = l.5 [V] (minus 1.5 volts based on the potential of the balance electrode 240) ).

 In a state where approximately one half of the surface area of the balance electrode 240 is facing the detection capacitance electrode 250 (when the swing angle of the balance 140 is 180 degrees), V2 = 328 [mV].

 This 328 [mV] can be used as the reference voltage threshold Vth [mV] corresponding to the swing angle of the balance with hairspring 180 of 180 degrees.

Then, when the capacitance of the balance capacitor becomes larger than 0.28 [pF], V2 becomes larger than Vth, and when the capacitance of the balance capacitor becomes smaller than 0.28 [pF], V2 becomes smaller than Vth. . By using the constant voltage circuit built in the balance rotation control circuit 274, V = 1.5 [V] can be accurately controlled.

 Similarly, if the swing angle of the balance with hairspring 140 is at another angle, the voltage V2 is calculated, or if this relationship is determined by experiment, the balance is detected as the balance with the balance with the balance electrode electrode 240. The swing angle of the balance with hairspring 140 can be accurately obtained by obtaining the value of the voltage V2 corresponding to the change in the electrostatic capacitance between the balance electrode and the electrostatic capacitance electrode 250.

 In the mechanical timepiece of the present invention, the balance rotation control circuit 274 preliminarily stores the value of the capacitance between the balance balance electrode section 240 and the detection capacitance electrode 250 and the voltage The relationship between the value of V 2 is stored.

(4.3) Configuration of detection unit of other embodiment of mechanical watch of the present invention

 Next, the configuration of the detection unit of another embodiment of the mechanical timepiece of the present invention will be described. Referring to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, in order to measure the rotation operation of the balance with hairspring 140, the balance electrode portion 240b of the balance with hairspring is arranged on the balance with hairspring 140. The balance-capacitance electrode part 24 Ob is provided on a part of the lower surface of the balance arm part 140f on the ground plate 102 side via the balance-hair insulation part 242b. The balance with hair balance portion 242b is provided to insulate the balance with hair balance electrode portion 24Ob and the balance with hair balance arm 140f. The balance electrode portion 240 Ob is electrically connected to the balance arm portion 140 f by soldering or the like. As a modified example, the balance with a balance electrode electrode 240b may be arranged on the balance with hairspring 140 without providing the balance with hairspring insulating portion 242b.

 It is preferable that the angle at which the balance electrode portion 240b is provided is, for example, 150-210 degrees with respect to the rotation center of the balance 140. The angle at which the balance electrode portion 24 Ob is provided is preferably about 180 degrees with respect to the rotation center of the balance 140.

In order to measure the rotation operation of the balance 140, the detection capacitance electrode 250b is grounded. It is provided on the plate 102. The detection capacitance electrode 250b is fixed to the ground plane 102 via the ground plane insulating section 255b. That is, the detection capacitance electrode 25 Ob constitutes a detection unit. The ground plane insulating portion 255 b is provided to insulate the detection capacitance electrode 250 b from the ground plane 102.

 In a state as shown in FIG. 7, that is, in a state where the entire surface area of the balance electrode part 24 Ob faces the detection capacitance electrode 250 b, the balance capacitance electrode The capacitance between the part 24 Ob and the detection capacitance electrode 25 Ob is about 0.6 picofarads. In the state shown in FIG. 9, that is, about 1/2 of the surface area of the balance electrode portion 240b faces the detection capacitance electrode 250b. In this state, the capacitance between the balance electrode portion 240 b and the detection capacitance electrode 250 b is about 0.3 picofarad.

 Then, the balance electrode portion 240b is configured to rotate with a certain gap with respect to the detection capacitance electrode 250b. The fixed gap is, for example, 0.2 to 0.3 mm.

 Referring to FIG. 7, when the balance with hairspring is not rotated, the entire surface area of the balance electrode portion 240 b is configured to face the detection capacitance electrode 250 b. Is done. On the other hand, referring to FIG. 9, when the balance with hairspring is rotated 90 degrees, about one half of the surface area of the balance electrode 240 b of the balance with hairspring is used for detection electrostatic capacity. It is configured to face the capacitor electrode 250 b. The configuration of other parts of the mechanical timepiece according to the other embodiment of the present invention is the same as the configuration of the mechanical timepiece according to the embodiment of the present invention described above with reference to FIGS.

(5) Configuration of power generation unit and power storage unit

Next, the configuration of the power generation unit and the power storage unit of the mechanical timepiece of the invention will be described. A secondary battery 1 36 for operating the IC 2 34 is fixed to the main plate 102. The secondary battery 13 6 constitutes a power storage unit 13 7. That is, the power storage unit 1337 constitutes a power supply for operating the IC2334. The power storage unit 137 may be composed of a secondary battery or a capacitor. Alternatively, a primary battery can be used instead of the power storage unit 1337.

 In the present invention, the base plate 102 is electrically connected to one electrode of the secondary battery 1336, for example, the plus electrode of the secondary battery 1336. As a result, the balance wheel 14 Ob is also electrically connected to the positive electrode of the secondary battery 13 36.

 A power generation unit 150 is provided to charge the power storage unit 1337, that is, the secondary battery 1336. The power generation unit 150 may be a manually wound power generation mechanism that generates a voltage by rotation of the winding stem 102, or may be an automatic winding power generation mechanism that generates a voltage by rotation of a rotating weight.

 The power generation unit 150 may be arranged on the “back side” of the movement 200, or may be arranged on the “front side” of the movement 200.

 The structure of the power generation unit 150 is not shown in FIG. 1 because the same structure as the conventional structure can be used.

FIG. 11 shows a schematic configuration when the power generation unit 150 is configured by a manually wound power generation mechanism. Referring to FIG. 11, the power generation unit 150 includes a hoisting mechanism 15 2 that is operated by the rotation of the winding stem 102, and a gear train 1 that speeds up and transmits the rotation of the hoisting mechanism 15 2. 5 4, a low speed 1 5 6 rotating by the rotation of the gear train 1 5 4, a low speed 1 5 6 It includes a generating coil 158 for generating an electromotive force by the rotation of the mouth 156, and a rectifying circuit 160 for rectifying the current generated in the generating coil 158. The current rectified by the rectifier circuit 160 flows to the secondary battery 136 constituting the power storage unit 137. A capacitor may be used instead of the secondary battery 1 36. The rectification operation performed by the rectifier circuit 160 may be half-wave rectification, Alternatively, full-wave rectification may be used. The rectifier circuit can be built in the IC 234 or provided separately from the IC 234.

 The fact that the power generation unit is composed of an automatic winding power generation mechanism means that the power generation unit consists of a rotating weight, a speed increasing gear train that transmits the rotation of the rotating weight at an increased speed, and an Evening, Mouth—Staying night with a mouth hole facing the evening magnet, a generator coil that generates electromotive force by rotation of the mouth, and a rectifier for rectifying the current generated in the generator coil. And a rectification circuit. The current rectified by the rectifier circuit is configured to flow through the secondary battery 1336.

 For example, an electronic wristwatch with a power generation device is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-2666989 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-293431, and a portable watch with a charging function is disclosed in It is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-28881192.

 As a modification, it is possible to use a battery (primary battery) such as a silver battery or a lithium battery so that the power generation mechanism is not used.

(6) Configuration of braking section

 Next, the configuration of the braking unit of the mechanical timepiece according to the present invention will be described.

 Referring to FIGS. 1 to 3, coils 180a and 180Ob are mounted on the front surface of main plate 102 so as to face the main plate side surface of balance wheel 14Ob. The coil coils 180a and 18Ob constitute the control unit 146. The number of coils is, for example, two as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, but may be one, two, three, or It may be four or more.

 The balance magnet 140 e is attached to the side of the main plate 140 b so as to face the front surface of the main plate 102.

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, when a plurality of coils 180a and 180b are arranged, the distance between the coils 180a and 180b in the circumferential direction is 180a. Vs. 180 b It is preferably an integral multiple of the circumferential distance between the S and N poles of the balance magnet 140 e that is oriented in the opposite direction, but not all coils need to be at the same distance in the circumferential direction. . Further, in such a configuration having a plurality of coils, it is preferable that the wiring between the coils be wired in series so as not to cancel out the currents generated in the respective coils due to the electromagnetic induction. Alternatively, the wiring between the respective coils may be arranged in parallel so that the currents generated in the respective coils due to the electromagnetic induction do not cancel each other.

 Referring to FIG. 10, the balance magnet 140 e has an annular shape (ring shape), and along its circumferential direction, for example, 12 S poles 140 s polarized vertically. Magnet portions composed of 1 to 140 s 12 and 12 N poles 14 O n 1 to 140 n 12 are alternately provided. The number of magnet portions arranged in an annular shape (ring shape) in the balance magnet 140 e is 12 in the example shown in FIG. 10, but may be two or more. Here, it is preferable that the length of one chord of the magnet part is substantially equal to the outer diameter of one coil provided facing the magnet part.

 A gap is provided between the balance magnet 140 e and the coils 180 a and 180 ob. The gap between the balance magnet 140 e and the coils 180 a and 180 ob is that when the coils 180 a and 180 b are conducting, the magnetic force of the balance magnet 140 e is It has been determined that coils 180a and 180Ob can be affected.

 When the coils 180a and 180b are not conducting, the magnetic force of the balance magnet 140e does not affect the coils 180a and 180b. The balance magnet 140 e has a balance wheel 140 with one surface in contact with the ring-shaped rim of the balance wheel 140 b and the other surface facing the front surface of the main plate 102. It is fixed to the base plate side of 0b by bonding or the like.

A first lead wire 182 is provided to connect one terminal of the coil 180 to the first coil terminal of the IC 234. The second lead wire 18 4 is one of the coils 180 a And the other terminal is connected to the second coil terminal of the IC 234.

 The thickness of the hairspring 140 c (the thickness in the radial direction of the balance with hairspring) is, for example, 0.021 mm. The balance magnet 140e has, for example, an outer diameter of about 9 millimeters, an inner diameter of about 7 millimeters, a thickness of about 1 millimeter, and a magnetic flux density of about 0.02 tesla. The coils 180a and 18 Ob each have, for example, 8 turns, and the coil wire diameter is about 25 micrometers. The gap between the balance magnet 140 e and the coils 180 a and 18 Ob is, for example, about 0.4 mm.

(7) Action of detector and brake

 The operation of the balance with hairspring 140 when the coils 180a and 180b are not conducting, that is, when the circuit including the coils 180a and 18Ob is open, will be described with reference to FIGS.

 The hairspring 140 c expands and contracts in the radial direction of the hairspring 140 c according to the rotation angle of the balance 140. For example, in the state shown in FIG. 3, when the balance with hairspring 140 rotates clockwise, the hairspring 140 c contracts in a direction toward the center of the balance with hairspring 140, whereas the balance with hairspring 140 rotates counterclockwise. Then, the hairspring 140 c expands away from the center of the balance with hairspring c. If the rotation angle (swing angle) of the balance with hairspring 140 is less than a certain threshold, for example, less than 180 degrees, the balance with hairspring By the operation of the rotation control circuit 274, the coils 180a and 180b are configured not to conduct.

Next, the operation of the balance with hairspring 140 when the coils 180a and 180b are conducting, that is, when the circuit including the coils 180a and 18Ob is closed will be described. That is, when the swing angle of the balance with hairspring 140 is 180 degrees or more, the coils 180a and 180b are configured to conduct. When the swing angle of the balance 140 exceeds 180 degrees, the operation of the balance rotation control circuit 274 causes the coils 180a and 180b to conduct, and the flux of the balance magnet 140e The induced current generated by the change exerts a force on the balance 140 to suppress the rotational movement of the balance 140. Then, by the action of the balance rotation control circuit 274, the coils 180a and 180b and the balance magnet 140e, a braking force for suppressing the rotation of the balance 140 is applied to the balance 140. The balance 140 is configured to reduce the swing angle.

 When the swing angle of the balance with hairspring 140 decreases from 0 degree to less than 180 degrees, the operation of the balance rotation control circuit 274 causes the coils 180a and 180b to be turned off. It is configured not to conduct. Therefore, when the swing angle of the balance with hairspring 140 exceeds 0 degrees and is less than 180 degrees, the coils 180a and 180b do not conduct, and the rotational movement of the balance 140 is suppressed. No power is required for the balance 140.

 Next, the operation of the detection unit and the braking unit in the mechanical timepiece of the invention will be described. Referring to FIGS. 11 and 12, the operation of the balance with hairspring detection circuit 272 starts the rotation detection of the balance with hairspring (step S21 in FIG. 12).

 The balance rotation detection circuit 272 determines the detection time (step S22 in FIG. 12). The determination of the detection time is performed by, for example, a counter. The set time for performing the balance rotation detection is stored in advance in the balance rotation detection circuit 272. The set time for detecting the rotation of the balance with hairspring is, for example, about 1 hour. The set time for detecting the rotation of the balance with hairspring is preferably about 0.25 to 6 hours, more preferably about 0.5 to 3 hours, and more preferably about 1 to 2 hours. preferable.

When the balance rotation detection circuit 272 determines that the set time has elapsed, the balance rotation detection circuit 272 applies a voltage to the capacitance unit. In other words, the balance rotation detection circuit 272 leads the detection capacitance electrode 250 to the detection terminal of the balance rotation detection circuit 272, and applies a voltage to the capacitance section (see FIG. 12). Stage S2 3). This applied voltage is, for example, a constant voltage of minus 1.5 volts. That is, the balance rotation detecting circuit 272 controls the timing of applying a voltage to the capacitance unit and the magnitude of the applied voltage.

 If the balance rotation detecting circuit 272 determines that the set time has not elapsed, the process returns to step S22 in FIG. 12 and the operation of determining the detection time is repeated.

 When the balance rotation detection circuit 272 applies a voltage to the capacitance portion, the capacitance detection circuit 273 connects the balance balance electrode portion 240 with the detection capacitance electrode 250. Measure the change in capacitance between the two. Next, the balance rotation control circuit 274 inputs the signal regarding the change in the capacitance output from the capacitance detection circuit 273, and the balance balance electrode section 240 and the detection capacitance are input. The swing angle of the balance 140 is calculated based on the measurement result of the change in the capacitance between the balance 250 and the electrode 250. Then, the balance rotation control circuit 274 determines the swing angle of the balance 140 (step S24 in FIG. 12).

 Here, as described above, the balance rotation control circuit 274 determines in advance the initial value of the capacitance between the balance electrode portion 240 and the capacitance electrode 250 for detection. The relationship between the value of the capacitance between the balance electrode portion 240 and the detection capacitance electrode 250 and the swing angle of the balance 140 is stored. Therefore, the calculation of the swing angle of the balance with hairspring 140 is performed using the value after the change in the capacitance between the balance with hairspring capacitance electrode section 240 and the capacitance of detection electrode 250.

If the balance rotation control circuit 274 determines that the swing angle of the balance with hairspring 140 is equal to or greater than the set angle, the balance rotation detection circuit 272 turns off the operation of applying a voltage to the capacitance section (FIG. 1). Stage 2 of S2 5). In this case, the balance rotation control circuit 274 turns on the coils 180a and 18Ob (step S26 in FIG. 12). When the coils 180a and 180b are conducted, an induced current is generated by a change in the magnetic flux of the balance magnet 140e, and a force that suppresses the rotational movement of the balance 140 is generated. Affects 0. Then, a braking force for suppressing the rotation of the balance 140 is applied to the balance 140. As a result, the swing angle of the balance 140 decreases. When the balance rotation control circuit 17 4 conducts the coils 180 a and 180 b and the swing angle of the balance 140 decreases, the process returns to step S 22 in FIG. 12 to determine the detection time. Repeat the operation.

 The relationship between the time during which the balance rotation control circuit 274 conducts the coils 180a and 180b and the swing angle of the balance balance 140 is determined in advance through experiments, and the result is used as the balance rotation control. It is stored in the circuit 2 7 4.

 The set angle of the swing angle of the balance with hairspring 140 is stored in advance in the balance with hairspring rotation control circuit 274. The setting angle of the swing angle of the balance 140 is, for example, 180 degrees. The set angle of the swing angle of the balance 140 is preferably 150 to 210 degrees. When the balance rotation control circuit 274 determines that the swing angle of the balance with hairspring 140 is smaller than the set angle, the balance rotation detection circuit 272 turns off the operation of applying a voltage to the capacitance unit (FIG. 1). Stage 2 S27). In this case, the balance rotation control circuit 274 does not conduct the coils 180a and 180Ob (step S28 in FIG. 12).

 Then, returning to step S22 of FIG. 12, the operation of determining the detection time is repeated. As a modified example, when the balance with hairspring rotation control circuit 274 determines that the swing angle of the balance with hairspring 140 is equal to or larger than the set angle, the balance with hairspring rotation detection circuit 272 performs an operation of applying a voltage to the capacitance unit. Turn off, the balance rotation control circuit 274 turns on the coils 180a and 180b, and turns on the coils 180a and 180b to suppress the rotation operation of the balance with hairspring 140. After such a force is exerted on the balance with hairspring 140, the balance rotation control circuit 274 may determine the swing angle of the balance with hairspring 140 again. That is, in FIG. 12, after step S26, a loop that returns to step S24 a certain number of times can be provided. .

 In this configuration, by providing a feedback loop, the swing angle of the balance with hairspring 140 can be adjusted more accurately.

Therefore, in the mechanical timepiece of the present invention, the swing angle of the balance 140 is accurate and efficient. Can be controlled.

(8) Configuration of circuit used in mechanical timepiece of the present invention

 Further, in the embodiment of the mechanical timepiece of the present invention, circuits for performing various functions may be configured in the IC, and the IC may be a PLA-IC incorporating programs for performing various operations. Good.

 Further, in the embodiment of the mechanical timepiece of the present invention, if necessary, an external element such as a resistor, a capacitor, a coil, a diode, a transistor, etc. can be used together with the IC.

(9) Effects of the present invention

 As described above, the present invention provides a balance with a balance with an escapement / governing device that repeats clockwise and counterclockwise rotation, an escape wheel and wheel that rotates based on the rotation of a front train wheel, and A mechanical timepiece configured to include an pallet for controlling the rotation of a balance wheel, including a detection unit for detecting a swing angle of the balance with hairspring and a braking unit for controlling the rotation angle of the balance with hairspring. With this configuration, the accuracy of the mechanical timepiece can be improved without reducing the duration of the mechanical timepiece.

 That is, in the present invention, by focusing on the correlation between the instantaneous rate and the swing angle, by keeping the swing angle constant, the change in the instantaneous rate is suppressed, and the advancement and delay of the clock per 1 are reduced. It was adjusted to do so.

In contrast, in conventional mechanical watches, the swing angle changes over time due to the relationship between the duration and the swing angle. Furthermore, the instantaneous rate changes over time due to the relationship between the swing angle and the instantaneous rate. For this reason, it was difficult to maintain a certain level of accuracy and to extend the duration of the clock. (10) Simulation of instantaneous rate

 Next, the results of a simulation on the instantaneous rate performed on the mechanical timepiece of the present invention developed to solve the problem of the conventional mechanical timepiece will be described. Referring to FIG. 18, in the mechanical timepiece of the present invention, the instantaneous rate of the timepiece is first adjusted to an advanced state as shown by the plotted X and the thin line in FIG. 18.

 That is, in the mechanical timepiece of the present invention, the rate is about 18 seconds / day in a state where the mainspring is completely wound up, as shown by the plot marked with X and the thin line in FIG. 8 seconds), the instantaneous rate is about 13 seconds / day after 20 hours from the full winding state (about 13 seconds per day), and the instantaneous rate is 30 hours after the full winding state. Approximately 12 seconds / day (about 2 seconds behind each day).

 In the mechanical timepiece of the present invention, when the braking unit is operated, as shown by the black circle plot and the thick line in FIG. 18, the braking unit is operated, that is, the mainspring is completely wound up. Until seven hours elapse, the instantaneous rate can be maintained at about 5 seconds / day (maintain a state advanced by about 5 seconds per day). 2 seconds / day (approx. 2 seconds per day) c The mechanical watch with the balance rotation angle control mechanism of the present invention controls the instantaneous rate of the watch by controlling the swing angle of the balance with hairspring. Therefore, when compared with the conventional mechanical timepiece shown by the square plot and the phantom line in FIG. 18, the instantaneous rate can be increased from 0 to 5 seconds / whole time since the entire turn.

 That is, in the mechanical timepiece of the present invention, the duration at which the instantaneous rate is within about plus or minus 5 seconds / day is about 32 hours. The value of this duration is about 1.45 times the duration of about 22 hours, in which the instantaneous rate of a conventional mechanical watch is within about ± 5 seconds / day.

Therefore, a simulation result was obtained in which the mechanical timepiece of the present invention was much more accurate than the conventional mechanical timepiece. [Industrial applicability]

 The mechanical timepiece of the present invention has a simple structure and is suitable for realizing a highly accurate mechanical timepiece.

 Furthermore, since the mechanical timepiece of the present invention is provided with the light detection type balance angle detection unit, manufacturing and adjusting the rate of the mechanical timepiece are extremely easy.

Claims

The scope of the claims 1. The mainspring that constitutes the power source of the mechanical timepiece, the front train wheel that rotates by the rotational force when the mainspring is unwound, and the escapement / governing device that controls the rotation of the front train wheel This escapement and speed governor is equipped with a balance that alternately rotates clockwise and counterclockwise, an escape wheel that rotates based on the rotation of the front train wheel, and a wheel that rotates based on the operation of the balance. In a mechanical timepiece configured to include an ankle for controlling the balance, a swing angle of the balance (140) is detected by detecting a capacitance that changes in accordance with an operation state of the balance (140). The rotation of the balance with hairspring (140) is suppressed when the swing angle of the balance (140) detected by the detection unit (276) and the balance (140) detected by the detection unit (276) is greater than or equal to a preset angle. A braking unit (146) configured to apply such force to the balance (140); A mechanical timepiece comprising:  2. In order to measure the rotation operation of the balance with hairspring (140), a balance with balance electrode (240) is arranged on the balance with hairspring (140), and the detection unit (276) is equipped with a balance with balance with balance electrode. Including the detection capacitance electrodes (250, 250b) which are arranged with a certain gap to the part (240, 240b) and are arranged on the base plate (102) via the insulating part (242) 2. The mechanical timepiece according to claim 1, wherein: 3. The balance-capacitance electrode section (240) is connected to the balance wheel (140b) via a balance-insulating section (242) for insulating the balance (140) and the balance-capacity electrode section (240). The mechanical timepiece according to claim 2, wherein the mechanical timepiece is fixed to a side surface of an outer peripheral portion. 4. The mechanical timepiece according to claim 2, wherein the balance electrode (240) is fixed to a side surface of an outer peripheral portion of a balance wheel (140b). 5. The balance with hairspring electrode (240b) is connected to the balance with hairspring arm (242b) through the balance with hairspring (242b) for insulating the balance with hairspring (140) and the balance with hairspring capacitance electrode (240b). The mechanical timepiece according to claim 2, wherein the mechanical timepiece is arranged on a lower surface of the base plate side of (14 Of).  6. The mechanical timepiece according to claim 2, wherein the balance with hairspring electrode section (240b) is arranged on a lower surface of the balance arm section (140f) on the base plate side.  7. The braking section (146) includes a coil (180a, 180b) arranged so as to be able to brake the movement of the balance magnet (140e) provided on the balance with hairspring (140). The mechanical timepiece according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that:  8. The balance rotation detection circuit (272) configured to control the voltage applied to the balance with balance electrode (240), the balance with balance balance electrode (240) and the detection capacitance electrode The capacitance detection circuit (273) provided to measure the change in capacitance between the capacitance detection circuit (250) and the balance output from the capacitance detection circuit (273). ) And the detection capacitance electrode (250), and input a signal related to a change in capacitance between the balance and the balance electrode (240) and the detection capacitance electrode (250). A balance rotation control circuit (274) configured to calculate a swing angle of the balance with hairspring (140) based on a measurement result of a change in capacitance;  When the swing angle of the balance with hairspring (140) is less than a certain threshold value, the balance rotation control circuit (274) does not conduct the coils (180a, 180b), and the balance of the balance with hairspring (140) When the swing angle is equal to or greater than the certain threshold, the coil (180a, 180b) is configured to conduct. The mechanical timepiece according to claim 7, wherein: 9. Balance rotation detection circuit (272), capacitance detection circuit (273), balance 9. The mechanical timepiece according to claim 8, further comprising a power storage unit (137) for operating the rotation control circuit (274).  10. The mechanical timepiece according to claim 9, further comprising a power generation unit (150) for charging the power storage unit (137).  11. The mainspring that constitutes the power source of the mechanical watch, the front wheel train that rotates by the rotational force when the mainspring is unwound, and the escapement and speed control device that controls the rotation of the front wheel train The escapement and speed governor are equipped with a balance that alternates between clockwise and counterclockwise rotation, an escape wheel that rotates based on the rotation of the front train wheel, and an escape wheel that rotates based on the operation of the balance. A mechanical timepiece configured to include an ankle that controls  A power generation unit (150) for charging the power storage unit (137);  Speed governor including balance (140), balance magnet (140e) provided on balance (140), and balance electrode (240, 24 Ob) provided on balance (140). (244) and  Includes detection capacitance electrodes (250, 250b) arranged with a certain gap from the balance with the balance electrode (240, 240b), and changes according to the operating state of the balance with hairspring (140) A detector (276) provided for detecting the swing angle of the balance with hairspring (140) by detecting the capacitance;  A braking unit (146) including coils (180a, 180b) arranged so as to be able to brake the movement of the balance magnet (140e) provided on the balance with hairspring (140); A balance rotation detection circuit (272) configured to control the voltage applied to the balance with hairspread electrode (240, 240b), a balance with the balance with hairspread electrode (240, 240b) and the detection capacitance A capacitance detection circuit (273) provided for measuring a change in capacitance between the electrodes (250, 250b), and a capacitance detection circuit (273) outputs the signal related to the change in the capacitance between the balance electrode (240, 240b) and the detection capacitance electrode (250, 250b), which is output by the balance balance. The swing angle of the balance with hairspring (140) is calculated based on the measurement result of the change in capacitance between the capacitance electrode section (240, 240b) and the capacitance electrode for detection (250, 250b). Balance control circuit (274) configured in the form of an IC (234) and  When the swing angle of the balance with hairspring (140) is less than a certain threshold value, the balance with hairspring rotation control circuit (274) does not conduct the coils (180a, 180b) and swings the balance with hairspring (140). If the angle is greater than or equal to the certain threshold, the coil (180a, 180b) is configured to conduct. A mechanical watch characterized by the following.