WO2001053665A1 - Exhaust gas treatment device for internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

An exhaust gas treatment device for exhaust gas system capable of reducing and removing unburned gases, incompletely burned gases, soot and smoke, and oil content contained in the exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine, increasing the output efficiently as well as the fuel consumption efficiency of the internal combustion engine, providing an effect of remarkably eliminating the noise of the exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine, remarkably reducing a rise of a back pressure, and minimizing the lowering of the combusting efficiency and engine output and having structures in a treatment chamber disposed in an exhaust gas system, comprising at least an exhaust gas advancing part allowing the exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine to be led and at least one or more treatment chambers and an exhaust gas delivery part where the structures are installed; the structures being allowed to be movable structures and fixed structures, the movable structures including, specifically, a propeller type impeller, wheel type impeller, rotating drum, oscillating plate, rotating top, rotating plate, butterfly, slider, and rotating worm, the fixed structures including a metal plate, porous metal plate, metal plate with projection, flow straightening plate, top, and wall.

Description

 Description Exhaust gas treatment equipment for internal combustion engines Technical field

 TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an exhaust gas treatment device provided in an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine. More specifically, a structure is installed in an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine, and the exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine in the structure is promoted to combine with oxygen or reburned, soot contained in the exhaust gas, The present invention relates to an exhaust gas treatment device that reduces or removes incompletely combusted gas, unburned gas, oil, and the like, and provides a noise reduction effect. Background art

 Exhaust gas burned in the internal combustion engine is discharged to the outside of the internal combustion engine system via the exhaust system. Despite improvements in combustion efficiency, combustion in internal combustion engines is not complete, and exhaust gas contains many unburned substances. The exhaust system of an automobile internal combustion engine has a structure as shown in Fig. 6, for example. In other words, the exhaust system of the internal combustion engine includes a flange 41 for connection to the internal combustion engine, a manifold 42 for guiding exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine, a collecting section 43, exhaust pipes 44, 45, and a catalyst device. It consists of 46 and muffler 47. The exhaust gas treatment device of the present invention can be installed at any position in this exhaust system.

 Unburned substances include unburned gasoline (HC), incompletely combusted gas (such as carbon monoxide), and soot (soot), including incompletely combusted carbon compounds and nitrogen oxides and sulfur compounds. Fine particles) and oil (smoke soaked with oil discharged from internal combustion engines, etc.). These substances are also one of the major causes of air pollution and are of social concern.

As a method for removing such unburned gas, soot and the like of the internal combustion engine, a catalytic method, a filtration method, and a forced reburning method are known. However, in the case of the catalyst system and the filtration system, the catalyst filtration material used causes a large resistance of the exhaust system, hinders smooth movement of non-gaseous gas, and adversely affects the combustion efficiency of the internal combustion engine. There is a problem that the output and the torque are reduced.

 In addition, in the forced reburning type, it is necessary to supply energy for reburning from the outside, resulting in a significant increase in cost and a new environmental problem such as an increase in the total energy generated. There is a problem. Furthermore, in the forced reburning system, a cooling function may be added to suppress the temperature rise of the exhaust system. In this case, in addition to externally added energy based on forced reburning, further increase in energy consumption is brought about.

 In addition, the conventional methods such as the catalytic method, the filtration method, and the forced reburning method are very complicated in terms of mechanism, and thus reduce the exhaust gas emission efficiency. In addition, significant increases in the production costs of exhaust gas treatment equipment are unavoidable in all of the catalytic, filtration, and forced reburning systems.

 The internal combustion engine extracts energy generated by explosive combustion and uses it as power. When an internal combustion engine is operating, not only does an explosion sound occur during the explosion combustion, but also noise is generated from the high-velocity exhaust gas generated during the operation of the internal combustion engine. Emission of these exhaust gases out of the system without any silencing would have a major impact on social life. Therefore, internal combustion engines used in automobiles, ships, generators, etc., have special silencers in the exhaust system.

Conventionally, mufflers for automobiles, also called mufflers, are well known. This can be achieved by providing a sound deadening wall made of asbestos or the like in the sound deadening device, providing multiple pipes to use the air in the outer pipe as a buffer wall, or devising the shape and structure of the inner pipe to reduce exhaust gas. By simply increasing the exhaust gas volume quickly, such as by changing the flow velocity or flow condition of the exhaust gas, arranging a complicated flow path in the silencer, or flowing exhaust gas into a large space area. The exhaust noise is reduced. Typical examples Is shown in FIG.

 In these conventional silencing methods, the smaller the exhaust sound and the explosion sound of the internal combustion engine transmitted through the exhaust pipe, the more complicated the structure of the silencer, and the higher the gas pressure of the silencer. As a result, the gas pressure of the entire system increases (that is, the back pressure rises). As a result, not only cannot the noise reduction effect be sufficiently improved, but also the exhaust efficiency itself significantly deteriorates, and the operating efficiency of the internal combustion engine decreases. And a decrease in combustion efficiency has been observed.

 The problem with the conventional silencing system is that the structure of the silencer becomes complicated if it is intended to enhance the silencing effect and at the same time prevent the back pressure of the exhaust system from rising. For example, in order to secure a place for exhaust gas to escape by multiplexing pipes, the volume of the silencer is inevitably increased. Due to the convenience of the internal combustion engine and the improvement of fuel efficiency, especially in cars and ships that require a compact and lightweight design, a compact silencer with a large silencing effect and low back pressure There is a need for a silencer. The present invention focuses on the above circumstances, and does not rely on a filtration system or a catalyst system, does not reduce the combustion efficiency of the internal combustion engine or the output of the engine, and converts the exhaust gas into oxygen without adding external energy. Promotes combustion or reburns, reducing unburned gas, reducing soot and providing noise reduction, and significantly reducing the rise in back pressure, reducing engine combustion efficiency and engine output. The goal is to provide an exhaust gas treatment device that is much more compact than conventional treatment devices, while minimizing emissions. Disclosure of the invention

The present invention relates to an exhaust gas treatment device provided in an exhaust system, particularly, an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine, which promotes re-burning of unburned gas and the like in the exhaust gas and has a noise reduction effect. Device. That is, the present invention relates to an exhaust gas treatment device provided in an exhaust system, wherein a structure is provided in a treatment chamber provided in the exhaust gas treatment device. Furthermore, there is provided an exhaust gas treatment apparatus for an internal combustion engine, which is provided in an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine, and wherein a structure is provided in a treatment chamber provided in the apparatus. As the above structure, a movable structure or a fixed structure can be used. The movable structure is preferably an impeller, and the movable structure is a propeller type impeller, a water wheel type impeller. , A rotating drum, a swinging plate, a rotating top, a rotating plate, a butterfly, a slider, a rotary worm, and the like can be used. As the fixed structure, a fixed metal plate, a perforated metal plate, a metal plate having protrusions, a current plate, a coma, a fold, and the like can be used.

 Further, the exhaust gas processing apparatus of the present invention has an exhaust gas inlet for introducing exhaust gas from the engine, at least one processing chamber provided with a structure, and an exhaust gas outlet. In the exhaust gas entry section, it is necessary to narrow down the entry section flow pipe so that the cross-sectional area at the rear end of the entry section flow pipe becomes 30 to 100% of the cross-sectional area at the front end of the entry section flow pipe. Preferably, an inner pipe of the entry section and an outer pipe of the entry section having a diameter larger than the diameter of the inner pipe of the entry section are provided, the inner pipe of the entry section is arranged in the outer pipe of the entry section, and a plurality of communication holes are arranged in the inner pipe of the entry section. The cross-sectional area of the rear end of the inner pipe of the entry section is 60 to 95% of the cross-sectional area of the front end of the inner pipe of the entry section, and the cross-sectional area of the rear end of the outer pipe of the entry section is larger than the cross-sectional area of the front end of the outer pipe of the entry section. It is preferable to squeeze the outer tube of the entrance portion so that the diameter of the outer tube becomes smaller.

 Furthermore, a primary processing chamber is provided upstream of the exhaust system, a secondary processing chamber is provided downstream, a movable structure can be disposed in the primary processing chamber, and a fixed structure can be disposed in the secondary processing chamber. Further, the volume of the intermediate chamber disposed between the primary processing chamber provided on the upstream side of the exhaust system and the secondary processing chamber provided on the downstream side can be made larger than the volume of the secondary processing chamber. . BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 is a view showing an example of the configuration of the processing apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a view taken on line X--X of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a view taken on line Y--Y of FIG. 4 is a view taken in the direction of arrows Z--Z in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a three-dimensional perspective view of an exhaust gas treatment device of an engine, FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine, and FIG. 7 is an example of a drum which is a kind of a movable structure used in the present invention. FIG. 8 is a view showing an example of a rocking plate used in the present invention, and FIG. 9 is an example of a rotating piece which is a kind of a movable structure used in the present invention. FIG. 10 is a view showing an example of a rotating plate which is a kind of movable structure used in the present invention. FIG. 11 is a movable structure used in the present invention. Fig. 12 is a diagram showing an example of a slider which is a kind of the above. Fig. 12 is a diagram showing an example of a flow straightening plate which is a kind of a fixed structure used in the present invention. FIG. 14 is a view showing an example of a fold which is a kind of a fixed structure used in the present invention. FIG. 14 is a view showing another example of the processing apparatus of the present invention. There, the first FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a conventional silencer. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

 According to the present invention, a structure is installed in a processing chamber provided in an exhaust gas treatment device provided in an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine, and energy (kinetic energy) of pulsed high-speed exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine is possessed. Heat energy and chemical energy) into heat energy without adding new energy from the outside, and receive and accumulate the heat energy of the high-speed exhaust gas, thereby converting the exhaust gas into oxygen. In addition to promoting coalescence or reburning, the structure stirs the exhaust gas flow, lowers the flow velocity, and diffuses the flow direction to reduce the volume of the exhaust gas and mute the sound. .

This exhaust gas treatment device basically includes an exhaust gas entry section, a treatment chamber provided with a structure, and an exhaust section. The exhaust gas inlet may be simply a pipe-shaped pipe, but is composed of an inlet inner pipe and an inlet outer pipe, and the diameter of the inner pipe of the inlet is smaller than the diameter of the outer pipe of the inlet, and The inner pipe of the entry section is arranged inside the outer pipe of the entry section, and both the inner pipe of the entry section and the outer pipe of the entry section are suitably provided with a throttle, and the cross-sectional area of the outlet is preferably smaller than the cross-sectional area of the entrance. . It's at the exit This is because when the cross-sectional area is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the entrance, the flow rate of the exhaust gas is increased and the exhaust gas is introduced into the processing chamber. The exhaust gas introduced into the processing chamber is stored as heat or energy that converts the energy of the exhaust gas into thermal energy due to the operation of the structures provided in the processing chamber. Its own temperature rises.

 Since the temperature of the exhaust gas introduced into the processing chamber rises due to the action of the structure, pre-burning gas, incomplete combustion gas, soot and oil in the exhaust gas are promoted to combine with oxygen, or After reburning, it is sent out of the processing chamber as a highly burnable gas.

 That is, the exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine collides with a structure provided in the processing chamber or is mixed with the air by being stirred, so that the bonding with the oxygen such as unburned matter is promoted. However, the amount of unburned substances in the exhaust gas decreases due to the reburning, and solid impurities (mainly composed of soot) deposit on the bottom of the processing chamber due to the difference in mass from the gas or the viscosity. It has the effect of being removed by adhering to the wall. At the same time, it has the effect of silencing the sound of the exhaust gas.

 In general, the flow of exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine is not continuous but pulsating. In other words, when the engine is in the exhaust process, the amount of exhaust gas is large and the flow velocity is large, so the energy is also large. On the other hand, when the engine is in the intake process, the amount of exhaust gas is small and The flow velocity is small and the energy is small. In order to treat such pulsating exhaust gas, it is necessary to design the system based on the case of having a large energy, and it is inevitable that the conventional system will be excessively large.

When the amount of exhaust gas is large and the flow velocity is high, the amount of unburned matter in the exhaust gas naturally increases, and the load is reduced by the conventional method, for example, the forced reburning method, to remove the unburned matter. When the exhaust gas becomes extremely large and the amount of exhaust gas is small and the flow velocity is low, the amount of unburned matter in the exhaust gas naturally decreases, and the load for removing unburned matter is extremely small. It becomes. It is pointed out that the difference between the two is too large.

 On the other hand, in the present invention, when the amount of exhaust gas is large and the flow velocity is large, the amount of conversion of the exhaust gas into heat energy by the structure increases, and the heat energy is accumulated by the structure. The volume and the temperature rise in the processing chamber are also increased, and thus the combination of the unburned matter of the exhaust gas and oxygen is further promoted, and the combustion proceeds more. As a result, large amounts of exhaust gas can be dealt with without any special external operation.

 On the other hand, when the amount of exhaust gas is small and the flow velocity is small, the amount of conversion of the exhaust gas into thermal energy by the structure decreases, and the amount of thermal energy accumulated by the structure also decreases. Since the amount of unburned material is small, the energy is balanced.

 As described above, the internal combustion engine exhaust gas treatment apparatus of the present invention conforms in principle to a very natural law, and does not need to take special measures from the outside in response to the pulsation of the exhaust gas. However, it has the major feature that the process is controlled autonomously.

 There are two types of structures installed in the processing room: movable and fixed. These can be used alone or in combination. The design is made by assuming the physical effect of the structure, together with the shape of the outer wall of the processing chamber and the flow path design in the processing chamber.

The movable structure is operated using the pulsating flow of exhaust gas and its energy.The movable structure moves the structure without adding external energy, and the exhaust gas introduced into the processing chamber is provided inside the room. Collides with the movable structure and moves the movable structure with its kinetic energy. As a result, kinetic energy is transferred, and the exhaust gas itself loses its kinetic energy, while the movable structure gains kinetic energy. This promotes the binding of exhaust gas with oxygen and promotes combustion. At the same time, by operating in harmony with the pulsation of the exhaust gas, the scavenging of the exhaust gas and the flow velocity and pulsation of the exhaust system can be mitigated. It can also be done. These also contribute to improving the output of the internal combustion engine.

 At the same time, the exhaust gas is agitated and the pulsating pulsations arising from the engine lose their amplitude and, in some cases, disappear. As a result, the exhaust noise caused by the wavy pulsation and the high exhaust gas flow velocity can be eliminated as a cause of the generation. Exhaust gas that has entered the processing chamber can remove most of the sources that generate noise from the movable structure provided in the room, and furthermore, inertial force is exerted on the movement of the structure. This function has the effect of forcibly exhausting the exhaust gas in the room and at the same time extracting the exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe passage of the entire device, which has the effect of suppressing the rise in the back pressure of the exhaust system. .

 In addition, the fixed structure has a function of receiving the heat energy of the exhaust gas and increasing the temperature of the structure itself, thereby promoting the bonding of unburned gas and the like with oxygen or reburning.

 The present invention provides a method for removing unburned gas, incompletely burned gas, soot, oil, and the like in exhaust gas, which has a lower resistance to exhaust gas in an exhaust system than an existing method, and an internal combustion engine. Without reducing the efficiency of the internal combustion engine, and in some cases, the effect of increasing the efficiency of the internal combustion engine is exhibited. In particular, when a movable structure is used, the efficiency of the internal combustion engine is significantly improved, and the fuel consumption rate is improved. In addition, the pulsation of the exhaust gas can be used to efficiently treat the exhaust gas without any special operation from outside.

 The following can be specifically mentioned as the structure used in the present invention. Examples of the movable structure include a propeller type impeller, a water wheel type impeller, a rotating drum, a swing plate, a rotating top, a rotating plate, a butterfly, a slider, a worm, and the like. In addition, examples of the fixed structure include a metal plate, a perforated metal plate, a metal plate having protrusions, a current plate, a coma, and a fold.

The exhaust gas treatment device of the present invention can be provided at any position in the exhaust system. Lowering the amount of nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides in the exhaust gas From this viewpoint, the exhaust gas treatment device of the present invention is preferably provided after the catalyst device.

 At the exhaust gas entrance, the position of the flow pipe may be shifted (offset) from the center of the structure to adjust the collision position of the exhaust gas flow colliding with the structure. As a result, the function and effect of the structure can be enhanced without excessively increasing the back pressure of the exhaust system. This positional relationship changes the degree of agitation of the gas flow and the state of the gas flow around the structure, and can adjust the relationship between the reburning effect, the silencing effect, and the increase in the back pressure. . The position at which the inflow channel pipe is installed can be appropriately selected according to the use condition of the internal combustion engine.

 At the same time, the angle of the exhaust gas flow that collides with the structure can be adjusted by changing the angle of the flow path pipe with respect to the structure at the exhaust gas entrance. By adjusting the exhaust gas entry angle, the degree of agitation of the gas flow and the state of the gas flow around the structure can be changed, and the relationship between the silencing effect and the increase in back pressure can be adjusted. . Similarly, the entry angle of the entry passage pipe can be appropriately selected according to the usage of the internal combustion engine.

 The noise reduction effect obtained by reducing the exhaust gas flow velocity and eliminating the pulsation by the movable structure can be achieved even with a small movable structure (for example, a diameter of 100 mm for an internal combustion engine with a displacement of 200 cc). Conventional silencer (even with front and rear impellers installed) (In the case of a displacement of 200 cc, the size of the silencer is 200 to 300 mm in diameter and 500 to 6 in length. The noise reduction effect is large as a result, and as a result, the size of the processing device itself, that is, the volume of the processing chamber, is reduced to 1 Z 2 to 1 Z 3 of the conventional noise reduction device. Can be something. Since the processing apparatus can be designed to be small, it can contribute to reducing the size and weight of automobiles, ships, and the like, or improving convenience.

Since the movable structures installed in the exhaust gas treatment unit are controlled exclusively by the kinetic energy of the exhaust gas, the noise reduction effect is almost automatically adjusted to the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine. To do There are advantages. That is, the displacement from the internal combustion engine becomes intermittent pulsation, and increases or decreases according to the movement speed of the piston. When the displacement is large, the number of revolutions of the movable structure increases, and when the displacement is small, the number of revolutions of the movable structure decreases. is there.

 As a result, a noise reduction effect can be expected over a wide range from the low-speed operation range to the high-speed operation range, which leads to simplification and downsizing of the processing device. Conventional silencers, especially in high-performance, high-speed internal combustion engines, require a complicated structure in order to suppress the rise in back pressure while producing a sufficient silencing effect over a wide range from low to high speeds. It is inevitable that the equipment will be used. On the other hand, in the present invention, silencing and suppression of back pressure rise can be easily and simultaneously realized. This will greatly contribute to downsizing of the device.

 One or more movable structures can be used in the processing chamber. In addition to the shape of the outer wall of the processing chamber, the shape of the inner wall placed around the movable structure, and the design of the gas flow path around the movable structure, the design is made by assuming the physical and chemical effects of the structure. Good to do.

 In the processing apparatus of the present invention, the exhaust gas is agitated by the movable structure, and by touching the movable structure heated by the heat of the exhaust gas, oxidation of the exhaust gas is promoted, and the exhaust gas is reburned. As a result, the effect of reducing minute impurities such as unburned gas, incompletely burned gas, and soot is recognized. In particular, the effect of reducing minute impurities such as soot and so on is remarkable, and it shows a sufficient effect as an exhaust gas purification device.

As described above, the exhaust gas treatment apparatus using the energy of exhaust gas according to the present invention has a simpler structure, is easier to operate, is easier to maintain, and has a lower manufacturing cost than conventional exhaust gas treatment apparatuses. Is low. In addition, since the rise in back pressure in the processing unit can be suppressed to a low level, the operating efficiency of the internal combustion engine is reduced little and the combustion efficiency is improved, even when the volume is equal to or less than that of the conventional system, and the combustion efficiency is improved. As a result, it is recognized that the fuel consumption rate is improved. At the same time, silencing effect Not only is it much smaller than conventional silencers and has a silencing effect, it is also easy to manufacture, has a small mounting space, and is easy to replace with existing equipment. New vehicles, ships, etc. can be designed easily.

 Next, the present invention will be described based on the embodiments. In the figure, the exhaust gas flows from left to right in the figure. (In the description of this specification, a portion near the exhaust gas generation location is referred to as upstream, and a portion far from the location is referred to as downstream. In the figure, the left side is expressed as upstream and the right side is expressed as downstream). An exhaust gas treatment device is basically a device provided with a processing chamber and a structure installed in the processing chamber.

 FIG. 1 shows an example of the embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the exhaust gas inlet 2, the primary treatment chamber 9 provided with a water wheel type impeller 10, an intermediate chamber 11, a secondary treatment chamber provided with two perforated metal plates 17 and 18. It consists of 16, muffler room 23, and discharge section 28. Exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine is introduced into the exhaust gas entrance 2, from which it is sent into the primary processing chamber 9. The primary processing chamber 9 is provided with an impeller 10, and the sent exhaust gas impinges on the impeller 10 and drives the impeller 10. During this time, the exhaust gas is well mixed with the air, which promotes the unburned matter in the exhaust gas to be combined with oxygen and promotes reburn. The exhaust gas that has exited the primary processing chamber 9 enters the secondary processing chamber 16 and collides with the perforated metal plates 17 and 18 provided therein. By the action of the porous metal plates 17 and 18, the processing of unburned substances in the exhaust gas further proceeds. The exhaust gas that collides with the perforated metal plates 17 and 18 reverses its direction, is guided to the cooling passageway 19 from the ventilation holes A31 of the partitioning plate 13 and is silenced to the silencer chamber 23, where it is exhausted. Emitted through 28.

The exhaust gas entry section 2 includes an entry section inner pipe 4 and an entry section outer pipe 5. The entry section inner pipe 4 is disposed inside the entry section outer pipe 5 and has almost the same length. The entry section inner pipe 4 is tapered toward the downstream, and the cross-sectional area of the entry section inner pipe rear end is preferably set to 60 to 95% of the entry section inner pipe front end cross-sectional area. Similarly, the outer pipe 5 of the entry section The outer pipe of the entry section is squeezed so that the cross-sectional area of the rear end section of the outer pipe of the entry section becomes smaller than the cross-sectional area of the front end section of the outer section of the entry section.

 The inner pipe 4 of the entrance portion has a narrowed end, and thus serves as an orifice for exhaust gas, and plays a role of increasing the flow rate of exhaust gas introduced into the primary processing chamber 9. Experiments show that the efficiency of the internal combustion engine improves when the cross-sectional area ratio (cross-sectional area of the rear end of the inner tube at the entrance, and the cross-sectional area of the front end of the inner tube at the entrance) is between 60 and 95%. Obtained.

 A plurality of communication holes 6 are provided in the wall of the first half of the inner pipe 4 of the entrance portion so as to open the exhaust gas from the inner pipe to the outer pipe. This is because when the amplitude of the pulsation of the exhaust gas is large, that is, when both the pressure and the flow rate of the exhaust gas increase significantly, the gas flow stagnates at the rear end of the inner pipe of the entrance portion, and the flow path resistance and A part of the gas, which is almost proportional to the pressure of the exhaust gas, flows through the communication hole 6 and enters the outer pipe 5 of the entrance. Act.

 The entry section outer pipe 5 sends the gas flowing out of the entry section inner pipe 4 into the primary processing chamber 9 similarly to the entry section inner pipe 4. The outer pipe 5 of the entrance section is connected to the primary processing chamber 9 in a state where the rear end is narrowed down similarly to the inner pipe 4 of the entrance section. The rear end of the entry section outer pipe 5 is located substantially at the same position as the rear end of the entry section inner pipe 4. Exhaust gas that has flowed from the inner pipe 4 of the entrance through the communication hole 6 is drawn into the outer pipe 5 of the entrance, and is efficiently discharged from the outer pipe 5 of the entrance to the primary treatment chamber 9.

The open portions of the entrance section inner pipe 4 and the entry section outer pipe 5 are connected to the primary treatment chamber 9. The primary processing chamber 9 is provided with an impeller 10 that is a movable structure. In order to operate the impeller 10 efficiently, the open portion of the exhaust gas entrance 2 is offset from the center of the rotation shaft of the impeller 10, that is, the impeller 10 Is connected so as to hit directly. The installation position of the opening is, of course, affected by the shape of the movable structure and the state of motion. The primary processing chamber 9 following the exhaust gas entry section 2 is covered with appropriate walls except for the exhaust gas entry section 2 and the exhaust gas flow path pipes 14. You. An impeller 10 is installed inside the primary treatment chamber 9. The impeller 10 is a kind of movable structure, and performs actions such as heat exchange, heat accumulation, and activation of a chemical reaction. The primary treatment room 9 is designed so that the structures placed in the room can exhibit the maximum effect. For example, in the case of an impeller, the shape of the primary treatment chamber is preferably a rectangular parallelepiped or a cube.

 The structure of the 9 walls of the primary treatment chamber is designed and shaped to increase the power of the thermal energy that causes the exhaust gas to reburn, but it does not obstruct the exhaust gas flow. Design is also made. In particular, when a movable structure is installed in a room, an effect of scavenging the exhaust gas flow upstream can be expected depending on the design. This is a feature that differs greatly from conventional catalytic and filtration systems.

 Depending on the structure installed inside, one processing chamber may be provided, but a plurality of processing chambers can be provided. When a plurality of processing chambers are provided, a plurality of processing chambers may be continuously installed, or may be separately installed in the exhaust gas flow path. In the present embodiment, an impeller which is a movable structure

A primary processing chamber 9 having 10 and a secondary processing chamber 16 having fixed structures, perforated metal plates 17 and 18 are provided. As described above, the primary processing chamber 9 is provided with the impeller 10 arranged so that the rotation direction is parallel to the exhaust gas flow. The impeller 10 is mounted on a cantilevered or double-supported shaft via a metal bearing in a meridian manner, and rotates only when the impeller 10 receives the fluid motion of the exhaust gas. At this time, no external energy is added.

The rotational movement of the impeller 10 vigorously mixes and agitates the exhaust gas, thereby improving the mixing of air with unburned gas, incompletely burned gas, soot and oil, and the like. As a result, activation of unburned gas and the like is promoted, and contact with oxygen is induced, and as a result, bonding with oxygen in exhaust gas is promoted. In addition, by being exposed to a high-speed gas flow at a temperature of 200 to 400 ° C, heat energy is accumulated in the metal of the blade itself and becomes high, and furthermore, unburned gas, incompletely burned gas, and soot Promotes oxygen and oil binding. Due to the oxygen bond newly generated in the primary processing chamber 9, pre-burning gas, Most of the incompletely combusted gas, soot, oil, and the like are converted to gas with higher burnup and sent to the downstream flow pipe 14. The impeller 10 exerts an effect of centrifugal force on the exhaust gas, and due to the mass difference between the gas, the soot and the oil, these components fly toward the outer wall, deposit and adhere to the room, and It also has the effect of separating it, leaving it indoors, and not discharging it to the atmosphere.

 Due to the design of the impeller itself and the design of the outdoor wall, when the pressure of exhaust pulsation is large, that is, when the intake and exhaust opening of the cylinder valve of the internal combustion engine overlap, The resistance reduces the amount of unburned gas flowing out into the exhaust pipe.At the next moment, the high-speed rotation provided by the pulsating high pressure sweeps the exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe where the pressure has dropped, and exhausts it. A movement can be provided to assist movement of the fluid downstream in the pipe. This increases the exhaust efficiency of the exhaust pipe and the operating efficiency of the internal combustion engine, and consequently contributes to improving the fuel efficiency, output, and rotational power of the engine. Experiments have also shown that the so-called torque (rotational force) valley that occurs in the transition region of low output rotation is greatly improved.

In the present embodiment, the exhaust gas that has passed through the primary processing chamber 9 is heated by a flow pipe 14 attached to the rear end of the primary processing chamber 9 while the temperature of the exhaust gas continues to rise. Sent to 6. At the rear end in the secondary processing chamber 16, two fixed perforated metal plates 17 and 18 (perforated face plates) are installed, where high-temperature (200-350) exhaust gas is placed. Is sprayed. The perforated metal plates 17 and 18 obtain heat energy from the gas by being exposed to the high-temperature gas flow, accumulate it, and rise themselves to 500 to 600, This heat reburns preburning gas, incompletely burned gas, soot and oil. Similarly, most of the gas is completely combusted and sent to the downstream outlet. The exhaust gas flowing into the secondary processing chamber 16 hits the perforated metal plates 17 and 18 and the rear wall, and the gas changes its direction. Naturally, at this time, impurities close to solids, such as soot and oil, hit the wall for secondary treatment. Room 16 deposition on the bottom and adhesion to the walls also occurs and is further processed. The exhaust gas impinges on perforated metal plates 17, 18, etc. provided in the secondary processing chamber 16, and the gas flow changes its direction. The air is discharged to the cooling passage 19 from the ventilation holes A 31 provided in the partition plate 13.

 The ceramic processing wool 15 is attached to the wall of the secondary processing chamber 16 to physically remove impurities in the exhaust gas by surface contact from the exhaust gas flowing backward in the outer peripheral part, and still have strong strength. Produces a silencing effect. In the secondary processing chamber 16 having a metal plate, the effect of removing impurities by the fibrous body on the outer wall occupies a large rate. The exhaust gas is caused to flow backward in the secondary processing chamber because the exhaust gas flow collides strongly with the rear end wall, thereby exhibiting a purification action. It is also to maximize the effect in the limited muffler space. The reason why the fibrous body is used for the outer peripheral portion and the filtration type is not adopted is to avoid the resistance of the exhaust gas flow and not to reduce the operating efficiency of the internal combustion engine. This is the only method that could be adopted if there was gas purification in the used reburning. Moreover, the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine can be efficiently purified at low cost.

 An intermediate chamber 11 can be provided between the secondary processing chamber 16 and the primary processing chamber 9. The gas flow entering the second processing chamber 16 from the primary processing chamber 9 via the flow pipe 14 hits the perforated metal plates 17 and 18, changes its direction, and enters the intermediate chamber 11 once. The air enters the cooling passage 19 from the intermediate chamber via the ventilation hole A 31 provided in the partition plate 13, and is discharged from the discharge pipe 28 through the sound deadening chamber 23. When the exhaust gas passes through the cooling passage 19, the exhaust gas is cooled to about 200 ° C. by directly touching the outer wall that is in contact with the outside air (the outside air flow during the operation of the vehicle).

Further, the volume of the intermediate chamber is preferably larger than the volume of the secondary processing chamber. This is because the efficiency of the internal combustion engine can be increased by making the volume of the intermediate chamber larger than that of the secondary processing chamber. The intermediate partition plate 13 is a structure that supports the secondary processing chamber 16, and supports the secondary processing chamber 16 together with the secondary processing chamber lid 12 and the processing apparatus rear lid 22. The primary treatment chamber 9 is supported by a treatment device front cover 26 and a middle partition plate 13. The sound deadening room 23 has a double structure and is composed of a discharge pipe A20 and a discharge pipe B21. The discharge pipe A20 and the discharge pipe B21 are provided with a plurality of small holes 24, respectively, so as to exhibit a silencing effect. The exhaust gas is exhausted from the exhaust part 28 through the silencer 23. As described above, the present invention has been described based on the embodiments. The present invention is basically based on the point that a processing chamber is provided in an exhaust system and a structure is installed in the processing chamber. The exhaust gas treatment apparatus of the present invention includes at least an exhaust gas entrance for introducing exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine, a treatment chamber in which a structure is installed, and a discharge pipe for discharging exhaust gas. The processing chamber may be a single chamber or a plurality of chambers. In the processing room, structures are installed. There are movable types and fixed types, and both types can be used. Use at least one structure. When a plurality of treatment chambers are provided, it is preferable to use a movable structure and a fixed structure in combination. In addition, an intermediate room and a silencing room can be provided. The exhaust gas inlet for introducing exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine may be a simple annular pipe, but it is a double pipe consisting of an inner pipe for the inlet and an outer pipe for the inlet, both of which taper downstream. It is preferable to take This is because by restricting the downstream side, the exhaust gas flow velocity is increased, and the exhaust gas treatment effect can be enhanced, and at the same time, the efficiency of the internal combustion engine can be increased.

Although the impeller and the perforated metal plate are shown in this embodiment as the structures installed in the processing chamber, the following can be used specifically. Specific examples of the movable structure include a propeller type impeller, a water wheel type impeller, a rotating drum, a swing plate, a rotating top, a rotating plate, a butterfly, a slider, a worm, and the like. The impeller rotates by receiving a gas flow from the impeller, and can be used in either a propeller type or a water wheel type. The rotating drum has blades and grooves on the inner wall of the cylinder, It rotates in response to the gas flow (for example, Fig. 7). An oscillating plate is one in which the plate is placed in a gas flow and one of the plates is fixed, or both are movable, and are oscillated by the gas flow (eg, Figure 8). The rotating top is a spherical, oval, or conical rotating body that is provided with irregularities on the surface and rotates by receiving a gas flow through the irregularities (eg, FIG. 9). The rotating plate is a plate that is rotated by a gas flow (for example, FIG. 10). A butterfly is a plate that rotates in a pipe by gas flow and regulates the flow rate in the pipe. A slider is a type of cylinder that is installed near the vertical to the gas flow, moving up and down or left and right in response to the gas flow (for example, Fig. 11). The worm is a screw-shaped cylindrical rotating body that rotates around a horizontal line in the axial direction of the cylinder by receiving a gas flow in a spiral cut on the surface of the cylinder.

 Specific examples of the fixed structure include a metal plate, a perforated metal plate, a metal plate having projections, a current plate, a coma, and folds. The metal plate may have holes or may have protrusions. In each case, thermal energy is obtained by colliding gas flows. The current plate is installed parallel to the gas flow and has a projection. For example, a projection for rectifying the gas flow as shown in FIG. 12 is provided. A coma is a spherical, oval or cone-shaped stationary body that stores and exchanges heat in a gas stream. It is installed at an angle of 0 to 180 ° with respect to the gas flow. The folds are projections provided on the inner wall of the processing chamber, for example, as shown in FIG.

 Another embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. The processing device 50 is composed of an exhaust gas inlet section 59, a sound deadening room 53 equipped with a water wheel impeller 52, an intermediate room 54, a connecting pipe 55 connecting the sound deadening room and the intermediate room 55, a water wheel impeller. It comprises a baffle plate 56 and an exhaust gas discharge portion 57 provided near 52. 58 is a reinforcing agent for the exhaust gas exhaust pipe.

Exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine enters the silencing chamber from the entrance passage pipe 51. The exhaust gas that has entered the sound deadening chamber impinges on the impeller 52 and drives the impeller 52. During this time, the exhaust gas rotates the impeller And give the kinetic energy to the impeller. The exhaust gas that has provided energy to the impeller 52 enters the intermediate chamber 54 via the connecting pipe 55. The exhaust gas is discharged from the exhaust pipe 60 of the exhaust gas discharge section 57 to the outside of the silencer. During this time, the exhaust noise of the exhaust gas is muted. The inflow channel pipe 51 is tapered toward the downstream, and the cross-sectional area of the rear end of the inflow channel pipe is set to 30% to 100% of the cross-sectional area of the front end of the inflow channel pipe. Is preferred.

 The rotational movement of the impeller 52 vigorously mixes and agitates the exhaust gas, thereby silencing and improving the mixing of air with unburned gas, incompletely burned gas, soot and oil, and the like. As a result, it activates unburned gas, etc., induces contact with oxygen, and consequently promotes binding with oxygen in exhaust gas.

 When the exhaust pulsation is large, that is, when the intake / exhaust opening of the cylinder valve of the internal combustion engine overlaps, the impeller 52 becomes a kind of resistance to the uncombusted gas exhaust pipe. When the pulsation increases at the next moment, the high-speed pulsation of the impeller causes the high-speed rotation of the impeller to scavenge the exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe where the pressure has decreased, and the exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe It has the function of helping discharge. This increases the exhaust efficiency of the exhaust pipe and the operating efficiency of the internal combustion engine, as well as the noise reduction effect, and consequently contributes to the improvement of the fuel efficiency, output and torque of the engine. In addition, the effect that the so-called torque (rotational force) valley generated in the transition region of low output rotation is greatly improved has been experimentally recognized.

 By attaching ceramic wool to the walls of the sound deadening chamber 53 and the intermediate chamber 54, impurities in the exhaust gas can be physically removed from the exhaust gas by surface contact, and a strong sound deadening effect can be exhibited.

It is not always necessary to arrange the exhaust gas entrance 51 so that the exhaust gas hits the center of the movable structure. The position may be shifted from the center of the movable structure. By adjusting the position of the exhaust gas entrance to the position where the exhaust gas collides with the movable structure, the back pressure of the exhaust system is not excessively increased, and the operating effect of the movable structure is enhanced. Can be. This positional relationship changes the degree of agitation of the gas flow and the flow state of the gas flow around the movable structure, and can adjust the relationship between the silencing effect and the increase in the back pressure. It goes without saying that the position for installing the inlet pipe is appropriately selected according to the usage of the internal combustion engine. Industrial applicability

 As described above, the exhaust gas treatment device of the present invention is characterized by including a structure that utilizes the kinetic energy of the exhaust gas. It also has Moreover, it is far more compact than conventional devices and can exhibit a noise-reducing effect. Furthermore, the exhaust gas treatment device of the present invention has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, has low production costs, is easy to operate, and has simple maintenance compared to a conventional exhaust gas treatment device. Has features. The exhaust gas treatment apparatus of the present invention has a small installation space, is easy to replace in place of the existing apparatus, and has an advantage in that the design of a new vehicle, ship, or the like using the apparatus can be facilitated. Can be.

Claims

The scope of the claims 1. An exhaust gas processing device provided in an exhaust system, wherein a structure is provided in a processing chamber disposed in the device. 2. An exhaust gas treatment device for an internal combustion engine, wherein the treatment device is provided in an exhaust system of the internal combustion engine, and a structure is provided in a treatment chamber disposed in the device. 3. The exhaust gas treatment device according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the structure is a movable structure or a fixed structure. 4. The exhaust gas treatment device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 3, wherein the movable structure is an impeller. 5. The movable structure is at least one kind selected from the group consisting of a propeller type impeller, a water wheel type impeller, a rotating drum, a rocking plate, a rotating top, a rotating plate, a butterfly, a slider, and a rotating worm. 5. The exhaust gas treatment device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 4, wherein the exhaust gas treatment device is characterized in that: 6. The structure is characterized in that the structure is at least one selected from the group consisting of a fixed metal plate, a perforated metal plate, a metal plate having projections, a current plate, a coma, and a fold. 5. The exhaust gas treatment device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 4, wherein 7. An exhaust gas treatment device provided in the exhaust system of an internal combustion engine, which has at least one treatment chamber provided with an exhaust gas entrance for introducing exhaust gas from the engine, a structure, and exhaust gas treatment. Any one of claims 1 to 6 characterized by comprising a discharge section. An exhaust gas treatment apparatus as described in the above. 8. At the exhaust gas entrance, squeeze the entrance pipe so that the cross-sectional area at the rear end of the entrance pipe is 30 to 100% of the cross-sectional area at the front end of the entrance pipe. The exhaust gas treatment device according to claim 7, characterized in that: 9. At the exhaust gas entry section, an entry section inner pipe and an entry section outer pipe having a diameter larger than the diameter of the entry section inner pipe are provided, and the entry section inner pipe is arranged in the entry section outer pipe. A plurality of communication holes are provided, and the cross-sectional area of the rear end of the inner pipe of the entry section is 60 to 95% of the cross-sectional area of the front end of the inner pipe of the entry section, and the cross-sectional area of the rear end of the outer pipe of the entry section is the entry section. The exhaust gas treatment according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the outer pipe of the entrance portion is narrowed so as to be smaller than a sectional area of a front end portion of the outer pipe. Dress 10. A primary processing chamber is provided on the upstream side of the exhaust system, a secondary processing chamber is provided on the downstream side, a movable structure is disposed in the primary processing chamber, and a fixed structure is disposed in the secondary processing chamber. The exhaust gas treatment device according to claim 9, wherein: 1 1. The volume of the intermediate chamber located between the primary processing chamber provided on the upstream side of the exhaust system and the secondary processing chamber provided on the downstream side is larger than the volume of the secondary processing chamber. The exhaust gas treatment device according to claim 9 or claim 10.