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WO2000015268A1 - Procede et dispositif de transmission d'odeurs - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de transmission d'odeurs Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000015268A1
WO2000015268A1 PCT/IL1999/000494 IL9900494W WO0015268A1 WO 2000015268 A1 WO2000015268 A1 WO 2000015268A1 IL 9900494 W IL9900494 W IL 9900494W WO 0015268 A1 WO0015268 A1 WO 0015268A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
odor
information
predetermined
enclosure
output device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IL1999/000494
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Eliezer Fisch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SENSEIT Inc
Original Assignee
SENSEIT Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SENSEIT Inc filed Critical SENSEIT Inc
Priority to CA002343043A priority Critical patent/CA2343043A1/fr
Priority to AU56466/99A priority patent/AU5646699A/en
Priority to EP99943197A priority patent/EP1112092A1/fr
Priority to JP2000569852A priority patent/JP2002524205A/ja
Priority to BR9913576-0A priority patent/BR9913576A/pt
Priority to KR1020017003072A priority patent/KR20010082198A/ko
Publication of WO2000015268A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000015268A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/10—Services
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L9/015—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone
    • A61L9/02—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone using substances evaporated in the air by heating or combustion
    • A61L9/03—Apparatus therefor
    • A61L9/035—Apparatus therefor emanating multiple odours
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L9/015—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone
    • A61L9/04—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone using substances evaporated in the air without heating
    • A61L9/12—Apparatus, e.g. holders, therefor
    • A61L9/122—Apparatus, e.g. holders, therefor comprising a fan
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to apparatus and methods for generation, emission, transmission, reproduction and memory storage of fragrances, scents, odors and smells.
  • sensing, identifying or categorizing a particular odor may be accomplished by means of gas chromatography devices and mass spectrometers which chemically analyze an odor, and electronic or artificial "noses" which provide a characterizing signature of the odor.
  • Odor output devices for delivery of fragrances to a user's nose are also well known.
  • a fragrance output device used in conjunction with virtual reality systems is described in US Patent 5,591,409 to Watkins.
  • US Patent 5,724,256 to Lee et al. describes a fragrance emission device which can be used in multimedia systems. Systems which attempt to link odor sensing devices with odor delivery devices are known in the prior art.
  • the present invention seeks to provide apparatus and methods for communicating and reproducing arbitrary odors which need not be predetermined or previously known.
  • fragrances aromas, flavors, scents, odors and smells, and any derivatives thereof, are used interchangeably.
  • odorant denotes a substance which contributes to an emission of an odor by an odor output device.
  • the odorant does not necessarily give off an odor, but may catalyze emission of an odor.
  • the odorant may be a pure substance or a mixture of substances.
  • an odor sensor senses an arbitrary input odor, which need not be predetermined or previously known, and provides odor information representing the input odor.
  • the odor sensor may employ gas chromatography to analyze the arbitrary odor and represent it as a series of chemical constituents.
  • the odor information may comprise principal peaks of such chemical constituents.
  • the odor information is next transmitted to an odor output device.
  • the odor output device preferably contains an odorant palette which includes a plurality of odorants which are known to give rise to many natural or artificial odors. The number of odorants used is arbitrary and can be great or small depending on the particular application.
  • the odor information is used by the odor output device to choose and combine odorants in the proper proportions and concentrations to approximate the particular input odor.
  • the odor output device may choose odorants corresponding to the principal peaks contained in the odor information and mix them in accordance with the odor information to arrive at a composite output odor which approximates the arbitrary input odor. It is a particular feature of the present invention to use the odor information containing the principal peaks to instruct the odorant palette to approximate arbitrary odors which need not be predetermined or previously known.
  • the present invention also provides a method for constructing an odorant palette.
  • gas chromatography may be used to provide odor information regarding a plurality of input odors.
  • the odor information contains certain primary peaks corresponding to primary odor components which characterize the odor. From the set of odor information of all of the input odors, a subset of the n most primary odor components is obtained.
  • the odorant palette is then constructed by selecting odorants which produce the n most primary odor components. These odorants can then be mixed in proportions and concentrations to approximate arbitrary odors which need not be predetermined or previously known. These odorants thus behave as an approximation to the illusory "RGB" odorants, unsuccessfully sought by the prior art.
  • An aroma technician on a movie set may add fragrances to scenes in a plurality of movies.
  • such a technician would have had to decide precisely which odors would be transmitted and would have had to provide in every theater showing the movie all the odorants needed to reproduce all of the predetermined odors.
  • the technician can use the methods and teachings of the present invention to employ a standard set of odorants found in each suitably equipped theater to provide an approximation of the desired odors without having to provide a special set of odorants for each movie.
  • an improved fragrance dispenser which can be used to generate odors by combining various concentrations of basic odorants.
  • the fragrance dispenser comprises a plurality of odorant sites, each of which is a reservoir of one of these primary odors.
  • the fragrance dispenser is instructed to mix the correct proportions of odorants to approximate any odor.
  • Output odors are generated selectively into the ambient air as a combination of odors released from the odorant sites.
  • the odorant sites may be manufactured, for example, by encapsulating a liquid or solid active ingredient within a selectively-permeable enclosure.
  • the enclosure normally shields the odor from difiusing into the surrounding environment.
  • the enclosure permits passage of the odor into the ambient air upon application of predetermined level of energy, for example thermal energy, to the enclosure
  • a system for reproducing arbitrary odors which need not be predetermined or previously known including a set of predetermined odorants, an odor sensor which produces information representing an arbitrary input odor which need not be predetermined or previously known, and an odor output device which receives the information representing an arbitrary input odor which need not be predetermined or previously known, and utilizes the set of predetermined odorants to reproduce an approximation of the arbitrary input odor based on the information, and wherein the odor sensor and the odor output device are linked by an information transmission link.
  • the odor output device includes an array of odorant sites, each the odorant sites including an odorant in an enclosure, the enclosure allowing passage of the odor therethrough upon application of predetermined level of energy to the enclosure, and a plurality of electrical wires embedded in the enclosure, wherein an electrical current flowing in each the wire heats the enclosure to a temperature which causes release of odor from the enclosure.
  • a fan is provided which creates a flow of air over the odorant sites.
  • the transmission link includes an encrypted transmission link.
  • a system for reproducing arbitrary odors which need not be predetermined or previously known including a set of predetermined odorants, and an odor output device which receives information representing an arbitrary input odor which need not be predetermined or previously known, and utilizes the set of predetermined odorants to reproduce an approximation of the arbitrary input odor based on the information.
  • an odor sensor is provided which produces the information representing an arbitrary input odor which need not be predetermined or previously known.
  • an odor recording medium which is in communication with the odor sensor for recording the information, and the odor output device reproduces odors ⁇ recorded on the odor recording medium.
  • an odor output device including an array of odor sites, each the odor site including an odorant in an enclosure, the enclosure allowing passage of the odor therethrough upon thermally induced change of the enclosure, and a plurality of electrical wires embedded in the enclosure, wherein an electrical current flowing in each the wire heats the enclosure to a temperature which causes the change of the enclosure.
  • a method for reproducing an odor including providing a set of predetermined odorants in an odor output device, providing odor information corresponding to an arbitrary input odor which need not be predetermined or previously known into the odor output device, and using the arbitrary odor information to combine the odorants in such proportions and concentrations so as to approximate the arbitrary input odor.
  • said providing odor information includes using gas chromatography to represent each the odor as a series of chemical constituents.
  • the arbitrary odor information is wirelessly transmitted to the odorant palette in real time.
  • the arbitrary odor information is recorded for later transmission and reproduction.
  • a method for constructing an odorant palette including providing odor information of a set of input odors, wherein the odor information contains principal peaks corresponding to principal odor components, selecting from the set of odor information of all of the input odors, a subset ofn most principal odor components, and constructing an odorant palette by selecting odorants which produce the n most principal odor components.
  • Fig. 1 is a simplified flow chart of a method for odor transmission and reproduction in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a simplified flow chart of a method for constructing an odorant palette in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a simplified pictorial block diagram of an odor transmission system, constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a simplified pictorial illustration of an odor output device constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 is a simplified flow chart of a method for odor transmission and reproduction in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • An odor sensor senses an arbitrary input odor, which need not be predetermined or previously known, and provides odor information representing the input odor.
  • the odor sensor may employ gas chromatography to analyze the arbitrary odor and represent it as a series of chemical constituents.
  • the odor information may comprise principal peaks of such chemical constituents.
  • the odor information is next transmitted to an odor output device.
  • the information transmission may be accomplished by any convenient means, wired or wireless.
  • the odor output device may be any suitable kind of odor emission device of the art, such as those described in US Patents 5,591,409 to Watkins, or 5,724,256 to Lee et al., the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • the odor output device may be constructed as shown and described hereinbelow with reference to Fig. 4.
  • the odor output device preferably contains an odorant palette which includes a plurality of odorants which are known to give rise to many natural or artificial odors. The number of odorants used is arbitrary and can be great or small depending on the particular application.
  • the odor information is used by the odor output device to choose and combine odorants in the proper proportions and concentrations to approximate the particular input odor.
  • the odor output device may choose odorants corresponding to the principal peaks contained in the odor information and mix them in accordance with the odor information to arrive at a composite output odor which approximates the arbitrary input odor.
  • the odor palette happens to contain exactly all of the odorants needed to reproduce these peaks, the output odor will likely be a very good replica of the input odor. It is clear that the accuracy of odor replication depends, inter alia, on how many odorants of which kind are used in the odorant palette.
  • odorant palette may be constructed, for example, by utilizing existing odorants from such sources as perfume companies.
  • present invention provides a method for constructing an odorant palette as is now described.
  • Fig. 2 is a simplified flow chart of a method for constructing an odorant palette in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • An odor sensor senses a set of arbitrary input odors, and provides odor information representing the input odors, as described above with reference to Fig. 1. As mentioned before, the odor information contains certain primary peaks corresponding to primary odor components which characterize the odors. From the set of odor information of all of the input odors, a subset of the n most primary odor components is selected. An odorant palette is then constructed by selecting odorants which produce the n most primary odor components. The odorant palette is now ready for use as described in Fig. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an odor transmission system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the smell signature 16 is transmitted, by wired or wireless transmission link, to an odor emitting device 18, the construction of which may be in accordance with known odor output devices of the art, or alternatively, as is described hereinbelow with reference to Fig. 4.
  • the odor transmission may be in real time, or alternatively, sensed odor information may be recorded, such as on an odor recording medium 20, e.g., the odorant sites and substrate described hereinbelow with reference to Fig. 4, for later transmission and reproduction.
  • the transmission link may be encrypted for security purposes if desired.
  • known encryption algorithms such as DES or RC-5, may be used to encrypt the transmission.
  • Odor output device 150 preferably includes an array of odor sites 152 mounted on a (preferably solid) substrate 154. Each odor site 152 includes a primary odor 156 in an enclosure 158. Enclosure 158 is preferably a heat-sensitive polymer, as described above for enclosure 18. A trigger 160 is provided which creates an opening in enclosure 158 by means of thermal energy sufficient for passage therethrough of odor 156.
  • Trigger 160 preferably includes a plurality of electrical wires 162 embedded in enclosure 158.
  • a power source 164 such as a battery, is connected to wires 162. Power source 164 supplies an electrical current to wires 162, thereby heating enclosure 158 to a temperature which causes thermally induced change in enclosure 158.
  • a fan 166 such as a tube axial fan, draws fresh, ambient air in through inlet apertures 168, formed in a housing 170, over substrate 154 and odor sites 152. This air flow mixes the odors released from odorant sites 152 and then exits through an exit aperture 172 to a user (not shown).
  • Odor output device 150 may also include a controller 174 connected to trigger 160 which controls which odorant sites 152 are triggered by trigger 160 to release odors 156, as described hereinabove.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Tourism & Hospitality (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Economics (AREA)
  • Marketing (AREA)
  • General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Human Resources & Organizations (AREA)
  • Strategic Management (AREA)
  • Primary Health Care (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Fluid Adsorption Or Reactions (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
  • Disinfection, Sterilisation Or Deodorisation Of Air (AREA)
  • Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système de reproduction d'odeurs arbitraires qui ne sont pas nécessairement prédéterminées ni préalablement connues. Le système se compose d'un ensemble de matières odorantes définies, d'une sonde à odeurs, et d'un générateur d'odeurs. La sonde à odeurs produit une information caractéristique d'une odeur d'entrée arbitraire qui n'est pas nécessairement prédéterminée ni préalablement connue. Le générateur d'odeurs reçoit l'information caractéristique d'une odeur d'entrée arbitraire qui n'est pas nécessairement prédéterminée ni préalablement connue. Il met en oeuvre l'ensemble de matières odorantes définies pour reproduire, en fonction de l'information, une odeur se rapprochant de l'odeur d'entrée arbitraire. En l'occurrence, la sonde à odeurs et le générateur d'odeurs sont reliés entre eux par une liaison de transmission d'information. L'invention concerne également un procédé de reproduction d'une odeur.
PCT/IL1999/000494 1998-09-10 1999-09-09 Procede et dispositif de transmission d'odeurs Ceased WO2000015268A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA002343043A CA2343043A1 (fr) 1998-09-10 1999-09-09 Procede et dispositif de transmission d'odeurs
AU56466/99A AU5646699A (en) 1998-09-10 1999-09-09 Methods and apparatus for odor transmission
EP99943197A EP1112092A1 (fr) 1998-09-10 1999-09-09 Procede et dispositif de transmission d'odeurs
JP2000569852A JP2002524205A (ja) 1998-09-10 1999-09-09 匂い伝送のための方法および装置
BR9913576-0A BR9913576A (pt) 1998-09-10 1999-09-09 Métodos e aparelho para transmissão de odor
KR1020017003072A KR20010082198A (ko) 1998-09-10 1999-09-09 냄새 정보를 전송하기 위한 방법 및 장치

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IL126167 1998-09-10
IL12616798A IL126167A0 (en) 1998-09-10 1998-09-10 Methods and apparatus for odor transmission

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000015268A1 true WO2000015268A1 (fr) 2000-03-23

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IL1999/000494 Ceased WO2000015268A1 (fr) 1998-09-10 1999-09-09 Procede et dispositif de transmission d'odeurs

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1112092A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002524205A (fr)
KR (1) KR20010082198A (fr)
CN (1) CN1322144A (fr)
AU (1) AU5646699A (fr)
BR (1) BR9913576A (fr)
CA (1) CA2343043A1 (fr)
IL (1) IL126167A0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000015268A1 (fr)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001007093A1 (fr) * 1999-07-23 2001-02-01 Libra Digital, Llc Systeme et procede servant a enregistrer, analyser, editer et reproduire electroniquement des odeurs
FR2809962A1 (fr) * 2000-06-07 2001-12-14 Quinton Pierre Poisson Dispositif de diffusion dans l'air ambiant et procede de diffusion de produits
US6402040B1 (en) 2000-12-22 2002-06-11 Hewlett-Packard Company Ticket and method of metering the use of a facility
US6542217B2 (en) 2000-12-22 2003-04-01 Hewlett-Packard Company Scent storage device, ticket and passive sequential resistor array for use with same
US6556272B1 (en) 2000-06-14 2003-04-29 Multisen Technology, Inc. Multimedia and scent storage medium and playback apparatus
US6581915B2 (en) 2000-07-27 2003-06-24 The Procter & Gamble Company Dispensing device for dispensing scents
US6602475B1 (en) 2000-06-14 2003-08-05 Multisen Technology, Inc. Multimedia and scent storage medium and playback apparatus having electrostatic scent release
US6654664B1 (en) 2000-06-14 2003-11-25 Multisen Technology, Inc. Multimedia and scent storage medium and playback apparatus
US6737025B2 (en) 2000-12-22 2004-05-18 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Scent storage device, ticket and passive sequential resistor array for use with same
WO2006059815A1 (fr) * 2004-11-30 2006-06-08 Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute Dispositif et procede de codage d'informations olfactives, et dispositif et procede de generation de codes de parfums
KR100665353B1 (ko) 2004-11-17 2007-01-04 김정도 냄새정보나 영상 이미지가 가지는 냄새의 느낌에 대한부호화정보를 복원하는 방법
US7691336B2 (en) 2000-12-05 2010-04-06 The Procter & Gamble Company Devices and systems for dispensing volatile materials
US9310781B2 (en) 2011-12-19 2016-04-12 Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute Apparatus and method for interaction between content and olfactory recognition device
US9400766B2 (en) 2013-04-26 2016-07-26 International Business Machines Corporation Determining combinations of odors to produce a target olfactory pleasantness
US11521711B2 (en) 2008-06-23 2022-12-06 Atonarp Inc. System for handling information relating to chemical substances
EP4130735A4 (fr) * 2020-03-23 2024-04-17 National Institute for Materials Science Procédé de sélection d'odeur primaire, procédé d'expression, de présentation ou de synthétise d'une odeur à partir d'une combinaison d'odeurs primaires, et dispositif associé

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JP4498005B2 (ja) * 2004-05-12 2010-07-07 キヤノン株式会社 香り情報処理装置および香り情報処理システム
CN103197697A (zh) * 2013-02-05 2013-07-10 华为技术有限公司 一种气体生成方法、装置及系统
CN103926941B (zh) * 2014-04-17 2016-02-17 浙江理工大学 步进电机驱动式虚拟嗅觉气味生成装置
CN104618512A (zh) * 2015-02-28 2015-05-13 任学宁 一种模拟远程传输气味的系统及其方法
CN107564551A (zh) * 2017-07-18 2018-01-09 深圳市科迈爱康科技有限公司 声音和气味记录与还原方法、系统及存储介质
CN107764944A (zh) * 2017-10-18 2018-03-06 广东工业大学 一种气味复现的方法及装置
CN108021233B (zh) * 2017-11-29 2021-12-31 浙江超人科技股份有限公司 一种人机交互方法和系统
CN110261550A (zh) * 2019-07-23 2019-09-20 杭州后博科技有限公司 一种基于气味识别的异地气味共享系统
CN111870807B (zh) * 2020-07-27 2021-09-21 格力电器（杭州）有限公司 一种传输气味的方法及装置
US20250189998A1 (en) * 2022-02-28 2025-06-12 Komi Hakko Corporation Information processing device, cartridge, release device, n-dimensional code, control method, and computer program

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Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001007093A1 (fr) * 1999-07-23 2001-02-01 Libra Digital, Llc Systeme et procede servant a enregistrer, analyser, editer et reproduire electroniquement des odeurs
FR2809962A1 (fr) * 2000-06-07 2001-12-14 Quinton Pierre Poisson Dispositif de diffusion dans l'air ambiant et procede de diffusion de produits
US6654664B1 (en) 2000-06-14 2003-11-25 Multisen Technology, Inc. Multimedia and scent storage medium and playback apparatus
US6556272B1 (en) 2000-06-14 2003-04-29 Multisen Technology, Inc. Multimedia and scent storage medium and playback apparatus
US6602475B1 (en) 2000-06-14 2003-08-05 Multisen Technology, Inc. Multimedia and scent storage medium and playback apparatus having electrostatic scent release
US6834847B2 (en) 2000-07-27 2004-12-28 The Procter & Gamble Company Dispensing device for dispensing scents
US6581915B2 (en) 2000-07-27 2003-06-24 The Procter & Gamble Company Dispensing device for dispensing scents
US7691336B2 (en) 2000-12-05 2010-04-06 The Procter & Gamble Company Devices and systems for dispensing volatile materials
US6737025B2 (en) 2000-12-22 2004-05-18 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Scent storage device, ticket and passive sequential resistor array for use with same
US6542217B2 (en) 2000-12-22 2003-04-01 Hewlett-Packard Company Scent storage device, ticket and passive sequential resistor array for use with same
US6402040B1 (en) 2000-12-22 2002-06-11 Hewlett-Packard Company Ticket and method of metering the use of a facility
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AU5646699A (en) 2000-04-03
CN1322144A (zh) 2001-11-14
JP2002524205A (ja) 2002-08-06
EP1112092A1 (fr) 2001-07-04
CA2343043A1 (fr) 2000-03-23
IL126167A0 (en) 1999-05-09
BR9913576A (pt) 2001-05-22
KR20010082198A (ko) 2001-08-29

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