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WO2000004990A1 - Agglomeration agent - Google Patents

Agglomeration agent Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000004990A1
WO2000004990A1 PCT/ZA1999/000054 ZA9900054W WO0004990A1 WO 2000004990 A1 WO2000004990 A1 WO 2000004990A1 ZA 9900054 W ZA9900054 W ZA 9900054W WO 0004990 A1 WO0004990 A1 WO 0004990A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
agglomerating agent
composition
urea
agent
formaldehyde
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/ZA1999/000054
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
John Rutherford Moody
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AU55911/99A priority Critical patent/AU5591199A/en
Publication of WO2000004990A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000004990A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
    • C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B26/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C04B26/12—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones
    • C04B26/127—Urea formaldehyde condensation polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
    • B01J2/28—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic using special binding agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L95/00—Compositions of bituminous materials, e.g. asphalt, tar, pitch
    • C08L95/005—Aqueous compositions, e.g. emulsions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B2103/0067—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone the ingredients being formed in situ by chemical reactions or conversion of one or more of the compounds of the composition

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an agglomerating agent and more particularly to an agglomerating agent for particulate materials inert to the agent.
  • An agglomeration agent for material such as sand, soil, clays, stones, pebbles and many other particulate materials which do not chemically react with the materials is useful in a wide range of applications.
  • One such application is to render the material impervious to water.
  • an agglomerating agent comprising an admixture of urea, formaldehyde and bitumen emulsion.
  • agent to comprise Urea 10 to 70%
  • Bitumen emulsion 0.5 to 50% all by weight.
  • the invention also provides a composition of a particulate material inert to the agent dispersed through a matrix of the agent as defined.
  • the particular size of the inert material is critical, it must be less than 15 to 20 mm.
  • the particulate size need not be constant and the presence of fines is an advantage.
  • the composition can be worked by shaping, moulding or plastering, until the o agglomerating agent sets.
  • the composition can be used to make many items, for example, a road surface, blocks, bricks, paving slabs, kerb stones, balustrades and many others.
  • the agglomeration agent will be provided as a mixture of bitumen emulsion and urea with a separate formaldehyde 5 component.
  • the method of making the agglomerating agent consists of mixing formaldehyde with a premix of urea and bitumen emulsion so 0 that a composition formed with this agglomerating agent will be impervious to water.
  • This is a preferred method of preparing a road surfacing composition.
  • the particulate material usually a gravel with a varying particle size ranging from .01 mm to 2mm is spread over the road to a depth of about 150 mm.
  • the agglomerating agent is components transported in the two constituents 5 described above, are mixed and then sprayed onto the particulate material to form a matrix.
  • the sprayed gravel is scarified and resprayed until properly wetted with the agglomerating agent and then compacted in conventional manner.
  • the agglomerating agent of the formulation set out has a setting time of 4 to 5 0 hours thus providing sufficient time to enable the road surface to be prepared. After setting the prepared road surface is hard, durable and impervious to water. Conveniently the mixing takes places in a Shear mixer at room temperature below 30 °C and the bitumen emulsion is preferably a non-ionic emulsion. Iron oxide can be added to bring the pH of the emulsion to between 5 and 6 and stabilise the emulsion.
  • the reaction between the formaldehyde and the urea and bitumen emulsion mixture is relatively slow, taking around 4-5 hours at room temperature to set.
  • the temperature of the mixture must be kept below 30 ⁇ C. If the temperature is significantly higher than this temperature the reaction, which is exothermic, would be too fast. This would result in there not being sufficient time to properly add the agent to the spread particulate material.
  • a preferred agglomerating agent for general purpose application can be made by mixing the following raw materials together.
  • step (a) above When the material to be bound has been prepared, the agent formed in step (a) above is added. Water may then be added, until the composition obtained has the consistency of thick paste. The water may be of any hardness. This composition can now be formed, moulded or plastered as may be required and left to set.
  • the final product is durable and thoroughly water impervious.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)

Abstract

This invention concerns an agglomerating agent for use with particulate materials which are inert to the agglomerating agent and which agent consists of an admixture of urea, formaldehyde and bitumen emulsion. The urea may be in the form of a solution of carbamide and the formaldehyde in the form of a solution of methanal.

Description

AGGLOMERATION AGENT
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to an agglomerating agent and more particularly to an agglomerating agent for particulate materials inert to the agent.
BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION
An agglomeration agent for material such as sand, soil, clays, stones, pebbles and many other particulate materials which do not chemically react with the materials is useful in a wide range of applications. One such application is to render the material impervious to water.
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
It is the object of the present invention to provide such an agent.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to the invention there is provided an agglomerating agent comprising an admixture of urea, formaldehyde and bitumen emulsion.
Further features of this invention provide for the agent to comprise Urea 10 to 70%
Formaldehyde 10 to 70%
Bitumen emulsion 0.5 to 50% all by weight.
The invention also provides a composition of a particulate material inert to the agent dispersed through a matrix of the agent as defined.
The particular size of the inert material is critical, it must be less than 15 to 20 mm. The particulate size need not be constant and the presence of fines is an advantage.
The composition can be worked by shaping, moulding or plastering, until the o agglomerating agent sets. The composition can be used to make many items, for example, a road surface, blocks, bricks, paving slabs, kerb stones, balustrades and many others.
Where the composition is formed in situ the agglomeration agent will be provided as a mixture of bitumen emulsion and urea with a separate formaldehyde 5 component.
It is found that a concentration of the agent of around 2% (by weight) gives good results, but other concentrations can be used to meet particular requirements.
In a preferred embodiment, the method of making the agglomerating agent consists of mixing formaldehyde with a premix of urea and bitumen emulsion so 0 that a composition formed with this agglomerating agent will be impervious to water. This is a preferred method of preparing a road surfacing composition. The particulate material, usually a gravel with a varying particle size ranging from .01 mm to 2mm is spread over the road to a depth of about 150 mm. The agglomerating agent is components transported in the two constituents 5 described above, are mixed and then sprayed onto the particulate material to form a matrix. The sprayed gravel is scarified and resprayed until properly wetted with the agglomerating agent and then compacted in conventional manner.
The agglomerating agent of the formulation set out has a setting time of 4 to 5 0 hours thus providing sufficient time to enable the road surface to be prepared. After setting the prepared road surface is hard, durable and impervious to water. Conveniently the mixing takes places in a Shear mixer at room temperature below 30 °C and the bitumen emulsion is preferably a non-ionic emulsion. Iron oxide can be added to bring the pH of the emulsion to between 5 and 6 and stabilise the emulsion.
The reaction between the formaldehyde and the urea and bitumen emulsion mixture is relatively slow, taking around 4-5 hours at room temperature to set. Preferably, the temperature of the mixture must be kept below 30 β C. If the temperature is significantly higher than this temperature the reaction, which is exothermic, would be too fast. This would result in there not being sufficient time to properly add the agent to the spread particulate material.
A preferred agglomerating agent for general purpose application can be made by mixing the following raw materials together.
a) 50% m/m solution of carbamide: 400g 28% m/v solution of methanal: 600g and
Bitumen emulsion: 400g
b) The raw materials in (a) are fully mixed firstly by mixing the carbamide and methanal solutions and then blending in the emulsion. Again the temperature must be kept below 30° C during this step.
c) When the material to be bound has been prepared, the agent formed in step (a) above is added. Water may then be added, until the composition obtained has the consistency of thick paste. The water may be of any hardness. This composition can now be formed, moulded or plastered as may be required and left to set.
The final product is durable and thoroughly water impervious.
Various samples were subjected to standard laboratory tests to determine the strengths and workability of these products and all compared favourably with samples using 3% by weight of ordinary Portland cement although the concentration of agglomerating agent was about half that of the cement binder.

Claims

CLAIMS 4
1. An agglomerating agent comprising an admixture of urea, formaldehyde and bitumen emulsion.
2. An agglomerating agent as claimed in claim 1 in which the urea and formaldehyde are mixed and the emulsion blended into the mixture.
3. An agglomerating agent as claimed in claim 1 or 2 in which the constituents are present in the ratios
Urea 10 to 70%
Formaldehyde 10 to 70%
Bitumen emulsion 0.5 to 50% all by weight.
4. An agglomerating agent as claimed in any one of the preceding claims in which the urea is provided in the form of a solution of carbamide and the formaldehyde in the form of a solution of methanal.
5. An agglomerating agent as claimed in claim 4 comprising a mixture being
50% m/m solution of carbamide: 400g 28% m/v solution of methanal: 600g and Bitumen emulsion: 400g
6. An agglomerating agent as claimed in any one of the preceding claims in which iron oxide is added to stabilise the bitumen emulsion.
7. A composition comprising a mixture of an agglomerating agent as claimed in any one of the preceding claims with a particulate material inert to the agglomerating agent to disperse the material through a matrix of the agglomerating agent as claimed in any one of the preceding claims.
8. A composition as claimed in claim 7 to which water has been added to bring the composition to a consistency of thick paste.
9. A composition as claimed in claim 7 or 8 in which the particulate material has a particle size of less than 15 mm.
10. A composition as claimed in any of claims 7 to 9 in which the particulate material includes fines.
11. A composition as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 10 in which the particulate material varies in particle size from 15 mm down to fines.
12. A composition as claimed in claim 11 in which the particulate material is gravel having a particle size of between .01 mm and 2 mm.
13. A component for an agglomerating agent comprising a premix of urea and o a bitumen emulsion.
14. An agglomerating agent substantially as described with reference to the preferred embodiment.
15. A composition substantially as described with reference to the preferred embodiment.
PCT/ZA1999/000054 1998-07-24 1999-07-26 Agglomeration agent Ceased WO2000004990A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU55911/99A AU5591199A (en) 1998-07-24 1999-07-27 Agglomeration agent

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA986612 1998-07-24
ZA98/6612 1998-07-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000004990A1 true WO2000004990A1 (en) 2000-02-03

Family

ID=25587164

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/ZA1999/000054 Ceased WO2000004990A1 (en) 1998-07-24 1999-07-26 Agglomeration agent

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU5591199A (en)
WO (1) WO2000004990A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITMI20091325A1 (en) * 2009-07-27 2011-01-28 Milano Politecnico COMPOSITION FOR ROAD FLOORS AND ITS MANUFACTURING PROCEDURE
ITMI20101745A1 (en) * 2010-09-27 2012-03-28 Sadepan Chimica S R L COMPOSITION FOR THE REALIZATION OF PREFABRICATED ARTICLES, FOR CIVIL USE, AND PROCEDURE FOR ITS PRODUCTION.

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB627532A (en) * 1947-01-29 1949-08-10 James Bennie Improvements in or relating to constructional materials
EP0457516A1 (en) * 1990-05-18 1991-11-21 Norsk Proco A/S A fireproof, waterproof, and acidproof binder
WO1992002468A1 (en) * 1990-08-03 1992-02-20 Bernard Ansaloni Method for producing lightweight aggregates, adhesive composition for implementing same, and aggregates thereby obtained
WO1996033958A1 (en) * 1995-04-25 1996-10-31 Suckling, Andrew, Michael A binder

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB627532A (en) * 1947-01-29 1949-08-10 James Bennie Improvements in or relating to constructional materials
EP0457516A1 (en) * 1990-05-18 1991-11-21 Norsk Proco A/S A fireproof, waterproof, and acidproof binder
WO1992002468A1 (en) * 1990-08-03 1992-02-20 Bernard Ansaloni Method for producing lightweight aggregates, adhesive composition for implementing same, and aggregates thereby obtained
WO1996033958A1 (en) * 1995-04-25 1996-10-31 Suckling, Andrew, Michael A binder

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITMI20091325A1 (en) * 2009-07-27 2011-01-28 Milano Politecnico COMPOSITION FOR ROAD FLOORS AND ITS MANUFACTURING PROCEDURE
ITMI20101745A1 (en) * 2010-09-27 2012-03-28 Sadepan Chimica S R L COMPOSITION FOR THE REALIZATION OF PREFABRICATED ARTICLES, FOR CIVIL USE, AND PROCEDURE FOR ITS PRODUCTION.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU5591199A (en) 2000-02-14

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