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WO2000065690A1 - Antenne reseau autoadaptable - Google Patents

Antenne reseau autoadaptable Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000065690A1
WO2000065690A1 PCT/JP2000/002781 JP0002781W WO0065690A1 WO 2000065690 A1 WO2000065690 A1 WO 2000065690A1 JP 0002781 W JP0002781 W JP 0002781W WO 0065690 A1 WO0065690 A1 WO 0065690A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
signal
array antenna
adaptive array
signal sequence
antenna
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2000/002781
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Masashi Hirabe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NEC Corp
Original Assignee
NEC Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NEC Corp filed Critical NEC Corp
Publication of WO2000065690A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000065690A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/2605—Array of radiating elements provided with a feedback control over the element weights, e.g. adaptive arrays
    • H01Q3/2611—Means for null steering; Adaptive interference nulling

Definitions

  • Adaputibuare first antenna present invention c prior art relating to ⁇ Da Petit-flop array antenna using the least square error method
  • a conventional least-squares-error adaptive array antenna compares the received signal of the array antenna with a known reference signal, and performs beam control to minimize the square error.
  • Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 9-219615 discloses weighting amplitude and phase of transmission and reception signals of a plurality of arranged antenna elements, and assigns weights to the antenna elements.
  • the transmission signal is distributed and the signal received from the antenna element is synthesized.
  • the frequency of handoffs is reduced, and deterioration of communication quality due to inter-station interference is prevented. It is intended to Problems to be solved by the invention
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive array antenna based on a least squares error method using a received signal as a reference signal without preparing a known reference signal on a receiving side. Disclosure of the invention
  • the invention according to claim 1 provides an array antenna composed of a plurality of element antennas, and an antenna connected independently to the plurality of element antennas. And a plurality of down converters (D / C) for converting signals received by the array antenna into IF signals, and a plurality of A / Cs for converting each IF signal from the plurality of down converters to digital signals.
  • D / C down converters
  • a D converter, and a signal processing device that performs a weighting process for each element antenna based on a received signal of any of the plurality of element antennas.
  • the invention according to claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein the signal processing device is configured to detect the unnecessary wave when a signal arriving from different directions and combining a desired wave and an unnecessary wave is input. It is characterized by suppressing and extracting only the desired wave.
  • the desired wave in the digital signal input to the signal processing device has a return portion of the same signal sequence.
  • the invention according to claim 4 is the invention according to claim 3, wherein any one of the element antennas among the digital signals extracted at the timing of the first signal sequence of the repeated portion of the same signal sequence is received.
  • the obtained signal sequence is used as a reference signal.
  • the invention according to claim 6 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the down converter operates by a common or individual local oscillator.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a signal sequence applied to an embodiment of the adaptive array antenna of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of an adaptive array antenna according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2A shows a configuration in which a local oscillator is independently connected to each element antenna circuit.
  • B is a diagram in which a local oscillator is commonly connected to each element antenna circuit.
  • FIG. 3 is a time-series vector showing a configuration example of a digital signal from each element antenna.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an antenna pattern as a result of simulation of an adaptive array antenna.
  • FIG. 5 shows a flowchart when the algorithm according to the first embodiment is applied.
  • FIG. 6 shows a flowchart when the LMS algorithm in the second embodiment is applied.
  • FIG. 7 shows a flowchart when the RLS algorithm in the second embodiment is applied.
  • the transmitting side continuously transmits the same signal trains Dl and D2 composed of n data such as a desired wave 100.
  • the receiving side receives a signal in which the desired wave 100 and an unnecessary wave composed of the reflected wave 200 and the interference wave 300 are combined.
  • the number n is not limited to a specific number.
  • the combined signal of the desired wave 100, the reflected wave 200, and the interference wave 300 is combined with the element antennas 11, 1, 1, and 14 constituting the array antenna 1. , ..., etc.
  • the received signal is converted to an IF signal by a down-converter (DZC) 21, 1, '' 24, ..., etc.
  • DZC down-converter
  • FIG. 3 shows an example of the configuration of digital signals 61,... 64,..., Etc. received by the element antennas 11, 1,. .
  • the received signal sequence X1 received at the timing of the first signal sequence D1 in the repetition part of the desired signal 100
  • One of X1, X21, X31, and X41 is stored in a memory and used as a reference signal. Then, the reference signal held in the memory and the received signal sequence X 12, X 22, X 32, X 32 received at the timing of the second signal sequence D 2 of the repeated portion of the desired signal 100 4 Correlation vector consisting of correlation with 2 and received signal sequence XI 2, X 2
  • the adaptive array antenna according to the present invention includes the return signals Dl and D2 transmitted prior to the communication shown in FIG. 1 and an array having the configuration shown in FIG. 2 for receiving and processing these signals. This is realized by antenna 1.
  • antenna 1 As shown in FIG. 2, the description will be made assuming that the set of the element antenna, the down converter, and the A / D converter is 4. However, the number of these sets is not particularly limited as long as it is 2 or more as in the case of n described above.
  • the combined signal of repetitive signals D 1 and D 2, reflected waves M 1 and M 2, and interference waves U 1 and U 2 shown in Fig. 1 is received by each element antenna 11 to 14 of array antenna 1. , As shown in Fig. 2 (1), or a local oscillator shared by each set as shown in Fig. 2 (2).
  • the digital signals are converted into digital signals 61 to 64 by the down converters 21 to 24 and the AZD converters 31 to 34 that operate on 5, and sent to the signal processor (DSP) 4.
  • the local oscillator may be used in common with any of the sets.
  • the signal processing device 4 separates the received signal sequence into an I component of a real part and a Q component of an imaginary part, and converts the signal into a complex number having these I and Q components.
  • the memory can be provided in the signal processing device or in another portion (for example, outside), and is not particularly limited. motion
  • the signal processing performed by the signal processing device 4 will be described using digital signals from each element antenna in FIG.
  • the vector X 11 of the digital time-series signal from each element antenna in FIG. 3 and the received signal series X 12 to X 42 are compared with the desired wave 100, reflected wave 200, interference Expressed using wave 300, it is as follows.
  • Equation (3) to (5) ⁇ 2 2 and the like can be expressed as Xm 2.
  • the exponential function part is represented by j (m ⁇ 1) k and the following equation ( It can be expressed in the same way as the exponential function part of 13).
  • the number of pairs of the element antenna, the down converter, and the AZD converter is limited to four, but the number of pairs is extended to an unlimited integer m. Is represented according to the above example.
  • the desired waves D l and D 2 the reflected waves M l and M 2, the tides U l and U 2, and the thermal noise N ij are represented by the following column vectors using the signals at each time in Fig. 1. is there.
  • N i j [n ij 1 n ii2... n iin] ⁇ (6)
  • m represents an integer of 2 to 4 in the first embodiment
  • j represents an imaginary unit.
  • FIG. 4 is an antenna pattern as a result of a simulation of an adaptive array antenna embodying the present invention.
  • the solid line indicates the antenna pattern of the present invention.
  • the dashed line is an antenna pattern based on the least squares error method using a reference signal prepared on the receiving side, and achieves the same characteristics. In Fig. 4, the angle is 1 2
  • the simulation results obtained by the present invention and the conventional method are overlapped.
  • the desired wave is 2
  • the correlation between the signal sequence XI 1 and the received signal sequence X 12 is observed, and the value shows a peak (maximum value or maximum value). Can be detected.
  • each signal sequence X11, X12 to ⁇ 42 is stored (step S11).
  • the stored signal sequences X 11 and X 12 to ⁇ 42 are read out, separated into a real part I and an imaginary part Q, and stored (step S 12).
  • rXd and Fx- 1 are calculated through the above equations (12) and (16), respectively (steps S13 and S14, respectively).
  • the step S13 and the step S14 are calculated according to the above-mentioned formulas, and either of them may be calculated first, or they may be calculated simultaneously. These Is calculated and stored, and finally W is obtained according to the above formula (15).
  • the received W values (wlw 2 w 3 w 4) are multiplied by the received signals 61 to 64 of each element antenna, and these multiplied values are added and combined to obtain a value.
  • the same signal sequence is repeatedly and continuously transmitted as a desired signal, and therefore, even in an environment where interference waves or unnecessary waves exist, continuous transmission is performed at each element antenna of the array antenna.
  • One of the trains is stored in memory and used as a reference signal.
  • An adaptive array antenna can be realized.
  • the weights of the element antennas are calculated by directly calculating the inverse matrix of the covariance matrix.
  • the LMS algorithm based on the steepest descent method
  • the RLS algorithm recursive By using the least squares method, the weighting W can also be calculated. Others are the same as the first embodiment.
  • ⁇ is the step size, 0 ⁇ ⁇ (e max) 1
  • a max is the maximum eigenvalue of the correlation matrix R X x.
  • e is an error signal, and is expressed by the difference between the reference signal X 11 and the actual array signal as in the following equation.
  • XII represents a reference signal
  • Y represents an array output signal.
  • one element of the W (0) vector can be set to 1 as the W (0) value, and the other element can be set to 0 (nu 1 1: null).
  • FIG. 6 shows a flowchart of such an LMS algorithm. Next, an example in which the RL algorithm is adopted will be described.
  • R x 1 is estimated.
  • W (m + 1) W (m) + y R xx l (m) X (m + 1) e * (m + 1)
  • R xx 1 (m) Fei - 1 Rxx 1 (m - 1 ) one
  • Figure 7 shows a flowchart calculated using such an RLS algorithm.
  • the weight is calculated in the element space used for the signal of each element antenna.
  • the signal of each element antenna is converted into a beam space (frequency space) by performing a spatial FFT (Fast Fourier Transform), and the signal of each beam is used instead of the signal from the element antenna.
  • Weighting can be calculated and combined by the method described above. According to the present invention described above, since a reference signal is generated from a received signal, an adaptive array antenna using the least square error method can be realized without preparing a known reference signal on the receiving side.
  • the reception side by transmitting a repetition signal prior to data from the transmission side, the reception side extracts one of the repetition signals and generates a reference signal, and the reception side prepares a reference signal in advance.
  • an adaptive array antenna using the least squares error method can be realized without performing the method.
  • each of the above embodiments is an example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the number of pairs of the element antenna, the down converter, and the A / D converter, which is a circuit input to the signal processing device is 4, It is also possible to use an independent local oscillator, or to connect all the local oscillators in common to the down converter, as appropriate.Otherwise, within the scope not departing from the gist of the present invention, Various modifications can be made. Industrial applicability
  • the adaptive array antenna of the present invention has thus, according to the adaptive array antenna of the present invention, one of the repetitive signals received by a plurality of element antennas is retained, and the reference signal is used as the reference signal to weight the antenna by the least square error method. Perform processing.
  • the reference signal is generated from the received signal, it is possible to realize an adaptive array antenna by the least square error method without preparing a known reference signal on the receiving side.

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  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une antenne réseau autoadaptable qui opère en utilisant la méthode des moindres carrés sans besoin d'un signal de référence connu du côté récepteur. Cette antenne réseau (1) comprend plusieurs éléments d'antenne (11 à 14) et des changeurs abaisseurs de fréquence (D/C) (21 à 24) reliés à plusieurs éléments d'antenne (11 à 14) afin de convertir les signaux reçus via l'antenne réseau (1) en signaux de fréquence intermédiaire (IF). Des numériseurs (A/D) (31 à 34) permettent de convertir les signaux IF en signaux numériques, et un processeur de signal (4) pondère les éléments d'antenne (11 à 14) sur la base des signaux reçus par l'un des éléments d'antenne (11 à 14). Un signal de référence est produit à partir d'un signal reçu, ce qui permet de réaliser une antenne réseau autoadaptable utilisant la méthode des moindres carrés sans préparation d'un signal de référence connu du côté récepteur.
PCT/JP2000/002781 1999-04-27 2000-04-27 Antenne reseau autoadaptable Ceased WO2000065690A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP11/119251 1999-04-27
JP11925199 1999-04-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000065690A1 true WO2000065690A1 (fr) 2000-11-02

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PCT/JP2000/002781 Ceased WO2000065690A1 (fr) 1999-04-27 2000-04-27 Antenne reseau autoadaptable

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09512676A (ja) * 1994-04-21 1997-12-16 ブラウン ユニバーシティ リサーチ ファンデーション 適応性ビーム形成方法及び装置
JPH1098323A (ja) * 1996-09-25 1998-04-14 N T T Ido Tsushinmo Kk ブラインドビーム形成方法

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09512676A (ja) * 1994-04-21 1997-12-16 ブラウン ユニバーシティ リサーチ ファンデーション 適応性ビーム形成方法及び装置
JPH1098323A (ja) * 1996-09-25 1998-04-14 N T T Ido Tsushinmo Kk ブラインドビーム形成方法

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