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WO1999036229A1 - Cle a cliquet reversible dynamometrique - Google Patents

Cle a cliquet reversible dynamometrique Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1999036229A1
WO1999036229A1 PCT/US1998/000219 US9800219W WO9936229A1 WO 1999036229 A1 WO1999036229 A1 WO 1999036229A1 US 9800219 W US9800219 W US 9800219W WO 9936229 A1 WO9936229 A1 WO 9936229A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
receptacle
chamber
directed teeth
working head
ratchet wrench
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US1998/000219
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Gordon D. Blacklock
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hand Tool Design Corp
Original Assignee
Hand Tool Design Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hand Tool Design Corp filed Critical Hand Tool Design Corp
Priority to EP98911353A priority Critical patent/EP1077792A4/fr
Priority to AU65329/98A priority patent/AU6532998A/en
Priority to PCT/US1998/000219 priority patent/WO1999036229A1/fr
Publication of WO1999036229A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999036229A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches
    • B25B13/46—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle
    • B25B13/461—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle with concentric driving and driven member
    • B25B13/462—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle with concentric driving and driven member the ratchet parts engaging in a direction radial to the tool operating axis
    • B25B13/463—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle with concentric driving and driven member the ratchet parts engaging in a direction radial to the tool operating axis a pawl engaging an externally toothed wheel
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0089—Implanting tools or instruments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
    • B25B23/16—Handles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C1/00—Dental machines for boring or cutting ; General features of dental machines or apparatus, e.g. hand-piece design
    • A61C1/08—Machine parts specially adapted for dentistry
    • A61C1/18—Flexible shafts; Clutches or the like; Bearings or lubricating arrangements; Drives or transmissions
    • A61C1/185—Drives or transmissions
    • A61C1/186—Drives or transmissions with torque adjusting or limiting means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hand held wrench for enabling rotation of sockets, screw driver blades, and other hand tools.
  • the wrench comprises a handle giving the user leverage, and a working head which is either directly usable with square or otherwise configured drives, screw driving blades, and the like, or which may have a receptacle for interchangeably accepting various tool driving shafts.
  • Reversible ratcheting wrenches have long been desired by service and assembly mechanics and technicians for installing and removing threaded fasteners. For the convenience of the technician, it is important that a wrench be quickly converted to include any desired driver, blade, socket, and so forth, since efficiency of assembly and disassembly is usually directly linked to the technician's compensation. For this reason, reversible wrenches have become quite popular.
  • a second desirable aspect is that a single driving tool accept interchangeable drivers, blades, sockets, and like accessories cooperating with the driver. These drivers, blades, sockets, and like accessories will be referred to hereinafter as tools. Interchangeability enables a single wrench to perform many tasks. The wrench can gain added capabilities as additional tools are made available. This arrangement has favorable economic repercussions, since each additional size or configuration requires a working element or tool of limited complexity and cost.
  • the wrench have as few separate parts as possible. In traditional reversible ratcheting wrench driving tools, separate internal and external parts are required to adjust the direction of operation. However, it is possible to design the wrench so as to eliminate such intermediate components.
  • the Freeman wrench has a rotatable inner member occupying a generally round cavity formed in the head thereof.
  • the inner member has external teeth which engage a single internal tooth formed in the cavity of the head of the wrench.
  • Both internal and external teeth have one side oriented at a severe angle to a line tangential with the respective rounded shape of the inner member or of the round cavity of the head of the wrench, the other side oriented at a slight angle to the tangential line.
  • This arrangement is typical of pawl and ratchet devices.
  • the internal rotatable member is not surroundably constrained in the manner of the present invention. It is possible that the rotatable member in Freeman's device will rotate out of an engaged position with respect to the fixed encircling member of the tool after only a very limited degree of rotation in response to resistance to torque applied to the wrench.
  • the encircling member is dimensioned and configured to avoid this occurrence.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 3,635,654 issued to Frederick R. McFarland on January 18, 1972, illustrates a two headed driver having reversibly rotating heads. Each head has a socket of different dimensions, so that each head provides two sizes of nut driving sockets. The entire wrench will, therefore, provide four total different driving sockets. This tool is limited to the four sizes of sockets originally installed therein. Also, the tool is of complicated construction, requiring a number of internal springs and pawls. A wrench having a removable socket is shown in U.S.
  • the wrench includes the usual bipositionable pawl, and has a lever and linkage for adjusting the driving direction.
  • the present invention is unencumbered by such a pawl and linkage.
  • the present inventive wrench combines the advantages of uncomplicated construction with the features of reversibility and interchangeability of tool varieties.
  • the wrench has an elongated handle, and a head at each end of the handle, for containing operative components.
  • Each head has a member which rotates unidirectionally by a ratchet.
  • An inner member, or receptacle, is rotatably disposed within the head.
  • the receptacle is rotated with ratchet action by the following arrangement.
  • the head has an internal chamber of generally circular configuration. Part of the circular inner wall of the head is smooth, and part has inwardly oriented teeth.
  • the receptacle has an external wall corresponding to the internal wall of the head.
  • the receptacle wall also has a smooth section and a toothed section.
  • the teeth are pitched in well known fashion to interengage receptacle and head when torque is applied in one direction, and to slip when torque is applied in the opposite direction.
  • the principals regarding ratcheting action described thus far are generally conventional.
  • the novel wrench eliminates the need for actuating levers and internal parts conventionally required to achieve ratcheting action and operation in a reverse direction by virtue of its unique geometry. Rather than being truly circular, the internal chamber of the head is very slightly elongated.
  • the inwardly facing teeth disposed on the walls of the chamber are located such that the receptacle occupying the chamber is prevented from rolling or migrating out of engagement with the teeth of the chamber wall when torque is applied in one direction.
  • slippage occurs readily when torque is applied in the other direction.
  • the receptacle is so named because it preferably has a square hole for receiving insertable tools incorporating cooperating drivers, such as a screw driver blade, sockets, and the like, and square or other drivers not incorporating tools.
  • a plurality of insertable tools of different dimensional and configurational characteristics gives widely diverse interchangeability of purpose.
  • the square hole may also drive a square headed fastener directly.
  • the wrench either lacks a square or equivalent driver.
  • a fastener may be provided which incorporates characteristics of the internal, rotatable receptacle of the wrench. In this embodiment, the wrench lacks a permanently retained receptacle.
  • Reversing is accomplished by inverting the wrench within the user's hand, so that the formerly idle face of the head of the wrench, which previously faced away from the work, now faces the work.
  • a tool or driver is now removed from one face of the head, and is reinserted into the receptacle so that it again faces the work.
  • the direction in which the receptacle slips and locks up is changed.
  • Effort of switching hand position of the tool is approximately the same as engaging and moving an actuating lever by finger, as is commonly performed in prior art tools to change direction.
  • Some other practical novel aspects of the wrench include configuration of the lever or handle to include offset.
  • this configuration allows a dentist to work in close quarters in a person's mouth when turning a threaded component of an implant prosthesis.
  • the wrench is two headed so that forward and reverse operation are enabled in both a right handed mode and in a left handed mode. This is again a useful feature in the dental arts, wherein a dentist may be required to perform work on both right and left sides of a patient ' s mouth in cramped quarters.
  • the wrench has a torque limiting feature.
  • the portion of the chamber wall bearing internally directed teeth is formed on a spring arm. When torque exceeds a predetermined value, this arm yields and moves away from the receptacle. The receptacle then disengages from the teeth of the chamber wall, and is no longer subject to torque. Accordingly, it is a principal object of the invention to provide a reversing, ratchet action driving tool for driving tools such as screw driver blades and sockets.
  • Yet another object of the invention is to limit the amount of torque which may be applied to a tool installed in the wrench.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide matched pairs of wrench and fastener.
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide, selectively, pointed and rounded teeth.
  • Fig. 1 is a top plan view of the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is an exaggerated, diagrammatic detail view showing geometric relationships and characteristics of the invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a top plan view of an alternative embodiment of the invention incorporating a feature limiting maximum torque which may be applied.
  • Fig. 4 is similar to Fig. 3, but illustrates deflection under actual torque limitation.
  • Fig. 5 is an exploded, perspective view of an optional feature of the invention providing a removable driving tool .
  • Figs. 6 and 7 are similar side elevational views of the embodiment of Fig. 5, illustrating alternate positions of the removable driving tool.
  • Fig. 8 is an environmental view of a preferred embodiment of the invention, illustrating a dental application of the novel wrench.
  • Fig. 9 is a top plan view of the preferred embodiment of Fig. 8, with a component omitted for clarity.
  • Figs. 10 and 11 are top plan detail views of alternative forms of teeth, with a component omitted in each view for clarity.
  • Fig. 12 is an exploded, perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the invention wherein one component of the wrench is formed integrally with a fastener or workpiece. Similar reference characters denote corresponding features consistently throughout the attached drawings.
  • the novel reversible ratchet wrench 10 is seen in Fig. 1 to comprise a working head 12 having an elongated handle 14 defining therein a chamber 16 having a generally circular internal bounding surface 18.
  • Handle 14 both provides ready grasp of wrench 10, and also enables leverage for applying a torque when tightening and loosening a driven element such as a tool
  • Handle 14 is shown truncated, and may be of any length suitable for the intended application.
  • Tools will encompass any device which is insertable into or similarly engageable with the basic reversible ratchet wrench 10, and has structure for engaging wrench 10 and also has at least one working element.
  • a working element is a screw driver blade, socket, square drive, hexagonal drive, or any other device for engaging a fastener or workpiece for the purpose of tightening and loosening the same, or for engaging a further working element which tightens or loosens a fastener or workpiece. It is preferred that tool 10 be provided with a plurality of working inserts 12 having varying characteristics of dimension and configuration. A set of tools is thereby provided which requires but one driver and interchangeable working inserts to perform many tasks.
  • chamber 16 is not truly circular.
  • the overall configuration is slightly elongated, as will be explained further.
  • surface 18 comprises a first portion 20 (see Fig. 2) including inwardly directed teeth 22, and a second portion 24 (see Fig. 2) of smooth surface.
  • chamber 14 partially surrounds a driven receptacle 26, which receptacle 26 is rotatably disposed within chamber 14.
  • Receptacle 26 is so named since in the preferred embodiment, it is characterized by a keyed opening 28 for receiving or engaging a tool or driver (both described hereinafter) for rotatably driving a tool. Opening 28 must be other than radially symmetrical, or round, so that the inserted tool or driver is effectively driven or rotated, and will not slip ineffectually within opening 28 when torque is imposed on receptacle 26.
  • the tool or driver inserted into opening 28 has a complementary or cooperating keyed member which fits closely within opening 28, so that it is retained by friction.
  • receptacle 26 will be retained within chamber 16 by provision of front and rear walls (not shown) preventing receptacle 26 from moving axially out of engagement with surface 18.
  • Such walls may be formed integrally with working head 12, or may be formed separately and removably or permanently attached to working head 12.
  • Each externally directed tooth 30 and each internally directed tooth 22 is generally triangular and has two exposed intersecting faces 34 disposed at a pitch causing slippage between internal and external teeth 30, 22 when wrench 10 is rotated in one direction, and causing engagement between internal and external teeth
  • FIG. 2 illustrates important geometry enabling wrench 10 to operate.
  • Chamber 16 exaggerated in this view for clarity of understanding, is seen to have a major diameter A and a minor diameter B.
  • Minor diameter B has a dimension of magnitude less than that of major diameter A.
  • Receptacle 26 (see Fig. 1) has a diameter of magnitude slightly less than that of minor diameter B in order to fit into chamber 16.
  • Major diameter A and minor diameter B intersect one another and effectively divide chamber 16 into quadrants C, D, E, F.
  • First portion 20 of surface 18, that portion bearing teeth 22, is substantially disposed within any one quadrant C, D, E, or F. This enables engagement and disengagement of receptacle 26 responsive to a combination of applied torque and tooth pitch.
  • a fastener illustrated as tool 50 of Fig. 12
  • the effort of turning wrench 10 develops a torque acting on receptacle 26.
  • receptacle 26 Given the relative position of portion 20 with respect to major and minor diameters A and B, in one direction of rotation, receptacle 26 is urged into effective engagement of teeth 22 because chamber 16 lacks sufficient diameter to allow receptacle 26 to roll or migrate out of engagement.
  • chamber 16 provides sufficient clearance to allow receptacle 26 to back out of engagement with teeth 22.
  • wrench 10 is alternately rotated in opposing directions, ratcheting action ensues as receptacle 26 alternately engages teeth 22 and rotates in lockstep with working head 12, and disengages teeth 22 and remains in a constant position as working head 12 is rotated in a direction opposite that rotating receptacle 26 in lockstep with working head 12.
  • receptacle 26 selectively engages surface 24 and disengages therefrom.
  • Receptacle 26 is constrained against disengagement by torque applied in one direction, and disengages responsive to torque applied in an opposite direction.
  • Fig. 3 an optional torque limiting feature of wrench 10 is explained.
  • a driven tool (not shown) encounters resistance during tightening that would damage wrench 10, the tool, or a fastener (not shown), it is possible to protect these items by limiting torque applied to receptacle 26.
  • teeth 22 are supported or disposed upon an arm 40 anchored to working head 12.
  • Arm 40 is normally disposed at a first position, this being illustrated in Fig. 3, such that engagement of teeth 30 and teeth 22 is assured. As shown in Fig. 4, under great resistance, arm 40 deflects, withdrawing away from the center of chamber 16 into a second position. Teeth 30 and 22 thereby move out of mutual engagement. Close examination will reveal reduction of magnitude of gap 44 in Fig. 4, as constrasted to that of Fig. 3. This arrangement limits the maximum torque which may be applied to the driven device.
  • a spring biasing arm 40 into the first position is provided by virtue of the nature of the material from which working head 12 is fabricated.
  • working head 12 is fabricated from a material having a known degree of elasticity or resilience.
  • a channel 42 is formed in working head 12.
  • Channel 42 forms arm 40, and determines magnitude of a space or gap 44 separating arm 40 from surrounding working head 12.
  • Monolithic or integral construction of working head 12 and arm 40 provides anchoring generally designated at 46.
  • Receptacle 26 has opening 28 which is preferably a square hole capable of accepting insertion of a square shank of a tool (not shown).
  • a driving tool 50 comprising a complementary keyed member, in this example being square, which cooperatingly interfits within or engages opening 28.
  • tool 50 is dimensioned and configured to project beyond receptacle 26 when installed therein. That portion of tool 50 which is exposed can in turn engage secondary tools (not shown). Secondary tools will be understood to encompass tools such as sockets, blades, and other tools having a female receptacle cooperatingly interfitting the exposed portion of tool 50.
  • tool 50 can be moved to project from both sides of working head 12. This enables both clockwise and counterclockwise rotation of a tool, while simultaneously maintaining the overall profile of wrench 10 as compact as possible. This is important since the many uses of wrench 10 include many tasks which require working in tight or cramped quarters. An example of such an application is illustrated in
  • a dentist installing a dental implant or prosthesis in a patient ' s teeth T may possibly be required to install and remove a healing cap or other threaded component of the implant. As illustrated in this view, the dentist must work from the outside of the mouth. With index finger G pressing downwardly on wrench 100 to ensure engagement of the tool blade (not shown) within a cooperating socket of the implant component (not shown), possible positions of the dentist's hand are limited.
  • wrench 100 As seen in Fig. 9, wrench 100 incorporating the novel features described above has a handle 102 including a bend at 103. This bend causes handle 100 to provide unoccupied space for accommodating the dentist's hand, this situation being illustrated in Fig. 8.
  • FIG. 9 A further feature of wrench 100 is illustrated in Fig. 9, wherein wrench 100 has two working heads 104, 106. Both working heads 104, 106 located at opposite ends of the handle 102, have chambers and receptacles (omitted for clarity in this view) similar to those of the embodiment of Fig. 1, and configuration of the omitted elements are substantially similar to those shown in Fig. 1.
  • the embodiment of Fig. 9 is particularly suited for dental work, wherein the bend at 104 enables both tightening and slackening of components to be performed in opposite hand fashion in dental work. Either head 104 or 106 may be selected, with a suitable tool (not shown) projecting from either one face 60 (see Fig. 6) or its opposed counterpart 70 (see Fig. 7). Therefore, maximal versatility and compactness are simultaneously achieved in wrench 100.
  • teeth 30 and teeth 22 are both formed to include intersecting faces 34. Throughout the drawing figures thus far described, such teeth intersect at a point, this being particularly pointed out at 80 in Fig. 10.
  • teeth 30 are rounded.
  • teeth 30 have been omitted from Figs. 10 and 11 for clarity, it is to be understood that they are present in the invention. It will also be appreciated that teeth 30 and 22 are interchangeable since they must interfit. It is preferred that teeth 30 and 22 be similar in configuration, either both being pointed, as in Fig. 10, or both rounded, as in Fig. 11.
  • a fastener 110 incorporates features of receptacle 26 of Fig. 1.
  • receptacle 112 which rotates about axis H of rotation when being turned, has a threaded shank 114 projecting coaxially from receptacle 112 with respect to axis H of rotation.
  • a threaded fastener 110 is provided which is readily driven by a ratchet wrench 116 incorporating the novel improvements set forth above.
  • a supply of fasteners 110 may be employed with wrench 116, which comprises only working head 118 and handle 120, lacking receptacle 26 of the embodiment of Fig. 1.
  • opening 28 of receptacle 26 may be other than square. Tools not thus far described may be employed with the novel wrench. Myriad further variations are possible.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une clé à cliquet (10) à deux têtes. Chaque tête (12 ou 104, 106) comporte un logement (26) rotatif maintenu, de façon à ne pouvoir tourner que dans un seul sens, par des dents (22) s'interpénétrant qui sont formées sur le logement (26) et dans la tête (12). Ces deux jeux de dents peuvent être constitués de dents pointues ou arrondies. Le logement (26) et la chambre qui l'entoure, formée dans chaque tête d'outil (12 ou 104, 106), ont des dimensions et des configurations permettant l'engrènement du logement (26) avec la tête (12 ou 104, 106), lorsqu'un couple est exercé dans un sens. La clé (10) comporte un manche (14) dont une partie importante de la longueur est décalée par rapport à une ligne droite pour permettre l'exécution d'un travail dans des emplacements étroits. Dans le logement (26) est formé un trou carré (28) destiné à recevoir un outil (50) à actionner. Selon une variante, l'outil carré (50) est séparé de l'outil à actionner. Le système d'actionnement peut éventuellement comprendre des moyens limitant le couple agissant sur l'élément actionné.
PCT/US1998/000219 1998-01-20 1998-01-20 Cle a cliquet reversible dynamometrique Ceased WO1999036229A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP98911353A EP1077792A4 (fr) 1998-01-20 1998-01-20 Cle a cliquet reversible dynamometrique
AU65329/98A AU6532998A (en) 1998-01-20 1998-01-20 Torque clutched reversible ratchet wrench
PCT/US1998/000219 WO1999036229A1 (fr) 1998-01-20 1998-01-20 Cle a cliquet reversible dynamometrique

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1998/000219 WO1999036229A1 (fr) 1998-01-20 1998-01-20 Cle a cliquet reversible dynamometrique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999036229A1 true WO1999036229A1 (fr) 1999-07-22

Family

ID=22266158

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1998/000219 Ceased WO1999036229A1 (fr) 1998-01-20 1998-01-20 Cle a cliquet reversible dynamometrique

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1077792A4 (fr)
AU (1) AU6532998A (fr)
WO (1) WO1999036229A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005055857A1 (fr) * 2003-12-10 2005-06-23 Nobel Biocare Ab (Publ) Dispositif et systeme d'ancrage d'implants et de montage sur implants
EP1731114A1 (fr) * 2005-06-09 2006-12-13 BAZZURRO, Andrea Clé pour l'implantologie dentaire avec cliquet et limiteur de couple
WO2009036943A1 (fr) * 2007-09-14 2009-03-26 Martin Teichmann Outil de vissage doté d'une tête à cliquet à cerclage élastique
US10618150B2 (en) 2016-10-07 2020-04-14 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Torque wrench
US11396091B2 (en) 2020-04-03 2022-07-26 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Torque wrench

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US161022A (en) * 1875-03-23 Improvement in wrenches
US1359325A (en) * 1918-08-09 1920-11-16 Butler Elliptical Wrench Mfg C Ratchet-wrench
FR670225A (fr) * 1928-02-24 1929-11-26 Walter K Rost Clef pour écrous
US4056020A (en) * 1976-08-24 1977-11-01 Joseph Coviello Hand-grippable driver-fastener tool
US4273173A (en) * 1979-10-17 1981-06-16 S/V Tool Company, Inc. Device for transmitting torque

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1868840A (en) * 1930-07-03 1932-07-26 Duro Metal Prod Co Ratchet lever
US1954141A (en) * 1932-08-05 1934-04-10 Albert G W Nelson Wrench
US4008636A (en) * 1975-04-21 1977-02-22 Wakeman Alfred W Ratchet wrench
US4222293A (en) * 1978-10-18 1980-09-16 Columbus Mckinnon Corporation Bi-directional wrench
US5595097A (en) * 1995-01-31 1997-01-21 Anderson; Steven P. Two-sided, multi-angled wrench

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US161022A (en) * 1875-03-23 Improvement in wrenches
US1359325A (en) * 1918-08-09 1920-11-16 Butler Elliptical Wrench Mfg C Ratchet-wrench
FR670225A (fr) * 1928-02-24 1929-11-26 Walter K Rost Clef pour écrous
US4056020A (en) * 1976-08-24 1977-11-01 Joseph Coviello Hand-grippable driver-fastener tool
US4273173A (en) * 1979-10-17 1981-06-16 S/V Tool Company, Inc. Device for transmitting torque

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP1077792A4 *

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005055857A1 (fr) * 2003-12-10 2005-06-23 Nobel Biocare Ab (Publ) Dispositif et systeme d'ancrage d'implants et de montage sur implants
EP1731114A1 (fr) * 2005-06-09 2006-12-13 BAZZURRO, Andrea Clé pour l'implantologie dentaire avec cliquet et limiteur de couple
WO2009036943A1 (fr) * 2007-09-14 2009-03-26 Martin Teichmann Outil de vissage doté d'une tête à cliquet à cerclage élastique
US10618150B2 (en) 2016-10-07 2020-04-14 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Torque wrench
US10688635B2 (en) 2016-10-07 2020-06-23 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Torque wrench
US11565389B2 (en) 2016-10-07 2023-01-31 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Torque wrench
US11850711B2 (en) 2016-10-07 2023-12-26 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Torque wrench
US11396091B2 (en) 2020-04-03 2022-07-26 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Torque wrench
US11833645B2 (en) 2020-04-03 2023-12-05 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Torque wrench
US12257673B2 (en) 2020-04-03 2025-03-25 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Torque wrench

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1077792A1 (fr) 2001-02-28
EP1077792A4 (fr) 2007-04-25
AU6532998A (en) 1999-08-02

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