WO1999025783A1 - Process for joining microstructured plastic parts and component produced by this process - Google Patents
Process for joining microstructured plastic parts and component produced by this process Download PDFInfo
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- WO1999025783A1 WO1999025783A1 PCT/EP1998/007178 EP9807178W WO9925783A1 WO 1999025783 A1 WO1999025783 A1 WO 1999025783A1 EP 9807178 W EP9807178 W EP 9807178W WO 9925783 A1 WO9925783 A1 WO 9925783A1
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- Prior art keywords
- microstructures
- workpiece
- plastic
- workpieces
- cavities
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/32—Measures for keeping the burr form under control; Avoiding burr formation; Shaping the burr
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
- B29C65/4895—Solvent bonding, i.e. the surfaces of the parts to be joined being treated with solvents, swelling or softening agents, without adhesives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J5/00—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
- B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
- B01L3/5027—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7379—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined degradable
- B29C66/73793—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined degradable soluble, e.g. water-soluble
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/756—Microarticles, nanoarticles
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for connecting two workpieces, of which at least the first workpiece has microstructures made of plastic with the smallest structural dimensions ⁇ 1 mm on the surface to be connected. Furthermore, the invention relates to a component comprising at least two interconnected bodies, of which at least one body has microstructures made of plastic with the smallest structural dimensions ⁇ 1 mm on the surface connected to the other body.
- Methods for connecting workpieces made of plastic are used in all areas of technology. Particularly in the field of biotechnology, for example for reaction and analysis systems, as well as hydraulics and pneumatics, miniaturized fluidic systems made of plastic are increasingly required. For this purpose, micro structures that are open to one side are molded in plastic. To form closed fluidic systems, the surface of these plastic bodies, such as webs, grooves or channel-like recesses, is covered with a thin plastic film or connected to other structured plastic bodies.
- M.A. Roberts et. al. (Anal. 69, 1997, 2035-2042) describe the production of miniaturized analysis systems with channels for liquids. For this purpose, a film with an upper layer made of polyethylene terephthalate and a lower thin layer made of polyethylene is laminated onto a microstructured plastic body at 125 ° C.
- R. M. McCormick et. al. (Anal. Chem. 69, 1997, 2626-2630) describe the production of injection molded plastic chips with microchannels for the electrophoresis of DNA. The microchannels are formed by laminating a plastic cover film onto the grooved plastic body. When laminating, a temperature of 105 ° C is applied over 5 minutes.
- the object of the invention is to provide a method for connecting two workpieces, of which at least the first workpiece has microstructures made of plastic with the smallest structural dimensions ⁇ 1 mm on the surface to be connected, in which the workpiece does not have any have to be exposed to elevated temperatures, and this allows cost-effective mass production. Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to provide at least two components comprising components, of which at least one component has plastic microstructures with the smallest structural dimensions ⁇ 1 on the surface connected to the other component mm
- an organic solvent or a mixture of organic solvents is applied between the workpieces to be joined, at least one of the solvents being able to dissolve the plastic of the surface to be joined at least one workpiece.
- the two workpieces are brought into connection with one another in such a way that the majority of the between the Structural cavities are in connection with the environment. It is entirely sufficient if cavities are not open to the environment, but via other cavities, for example channels. This avoids the formation of cavities that are closed off from the environment Structures of the first workpiece are not completely covered by the second workpiece, and / or that one or both of the workpieces have holes or breakthroughs connecting the structures with the environment.
- the solvent remaining between the microstructures can be quickly removed by applying a negative pressure diffuses the solvent or solvents from areas between the contact surfaces not only through the Outside edges of the components, but also into the environment via the cavities formed by the structures.
- the vacuum is applied in such a way that the pressure in the vicinity of the two workpieces is reduced.
- the workpieces brought into contact with one another are transferred to a vacuum chamber and the pressure in the chamber is reduced after a short dwell time.
- the time within which the solvent is sufficiently removed with a view to sufficient strength to maintain the microstructures can be influenced by the choice of the level of the pressure and the solvent or the solvent mixture.
- the negative pressure is applied to cavities located between the microstructures and connected to the environment in such a way that the pressure in these cavities is reduced compared to the pressure in the environment of the two workpieces.
- an opening of the two workpieces connected to the cavities is connected in a pressure-tight manner with a vacuum device. If necessary, further openings connected to the cavities are to be closed in a pressure-tight manner or likewise to be connected to the vacuum device.
- the pressure within the cavities can thus be reduced in a targeted manner and the solvent can thus be removed. Due to the difference between the ambient pressure and the pressure within the cavities, both workpieces are pressed closer together. This can help to compensate for deviations from a uniform structural height of the first workpiece, for example when using a plastic film as the second workpiece.
- this joining process can easily be automated, which means that microstructured plastic bodies can be joined together in large quantities.
- the pressure is advantageously reduced below the vapor pressure of the lowest-boiling solvent, particularly advantageously below the vapor pressure of the highest-boiling solvent.
- the negative pressure is applied to cavities located between the microstructures, which are connected to the environment via at least two openings, in such a way that air is sucked through these cavities.
- at least one opening of the two workpieces connected to the cavities is connected to a vacuum device.
- the two workpieces have at least one second opening which communicates with the same cavities.
- this opening is not closed pressure-tight or connected to the vacuum device, but remains open to the environment.
- This embodiment also ensures rapid removal of the solvent, the workpieces having as few cavities as possible in which the solvent is not suctioned off, so-called dead zones.
- the two workpieces are pressed closer together, as in the second embodiment.
- the method according to the invention is particularly advantageously suitable for workpieces which have microstructures made of plastic with the smallest structural dimensions ⁇ 500 ⁇ m on the surface to be connected.
- the method is also suitable for structures in the lower micrometer range and submicrometer range.
- At least one workpiece has a plastic on the surface to be joined, which can be dissolved with one or more organic solvents.
- This method is particularly suitable for joining thermoplastics of sufficient solubility, such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonates (PC), polystyrene (PS), polyoxymethylene (POM), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polysulfone (PSU), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), cycloolefin polymers (COP), copolymers based on cycloolefins and ethylene (COC) or copolymers based on acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene (ABS).
- PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
- PC polycarbonates
- PS polystyrene
- POM polyoxymethylene
- PEEK polyether ether ketone
- PSU poly
- the second workpiece which can also have microstructures, advantageously also consists of a plastic, for example a plastic film.
- a plastic for example a plastic film.
- glass or quartz glass for example, is also suitable as the material of the second workpiece.
- the second workpiece can also have one or more other materials on the surface to be connected.
- Suitable solvents are able to dissolve the plastic of the surface to be joined on at least one workpiece.
- polar solvents are more suitable for dissolving polar plastics, and solvents of low polarity are more suitable for dissolving non-polar plastics. Therefore, depending on the plastic used, one or more solvents from the group of the low molecular weight (C1-C-10) saturated or unsaturated linear, branched or cyclic, optionally substituted alkanes, alcohols, ethers, esters, aldehydes, ketones, N, N-dialkylamides, aromatic compounds or mixtures thereof.
- Suitable substituents are, for example, halogens, such as fluorine or chlorine.
- solvents from the above group are dichloromethane, trichloromethane, trichlorethylene, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, decahydronaphthalene, methanol, ethanol, propanol, hexafluoropropanol, butanol, pentanol, hexanol, di-n-butyl ether, tert-butyl methyl ether, Tetrahydrofuran, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl or pentyl acetate, acetone, hexafluoroacetone hydrates, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, toluene or xylene.
- Mixtures of at least two solvents are advantageous, the first of which dissolves the plastic in question well and the second solvent has less good dissolving properties.
- the second solvent particularly advantageously has a higher vapor pressure than the first solvent.
- a suitable mixing ratio of the solvents for the plastic in question is characterized in that good connection results are obtained while maintaining sensitive structures, i. H. without the microstructures being damaged in the specified dwell time. Therefore, the choice of solvents and the optimization of the mixing ratio have to be made not only with regard to the plastics, but also to the respective microstructures.
- the workpieces can be brought into contact by placing them on top of one another or pressing them together. This is advantageously done at temperatures between 10 ° C and 40 ° C.
- residence times of different lengths are required before the application of a vacuum to remove the solvents. Residence times of ⁇ 1 hour, in particular ⁇ 10 minutes, have proven to be advantageous. Long dwell times can damage sensitive structures. After the dwell time has elapsed, the vacuum is applied to remove the solvents. Because the majority of the voids between the microstructures are connected to the environment, solvent in the microstructures is quickly removed by lowering the pressure. Since no additives, such as polymers, are added to the solvent, no solids remain in the structures.
- the solvents get from the area of the contact surfaces into the environment.
- the contact time of the workpieces connected to one another when the vacuum is applied should at least be such that the solvents are removed to such an extent that an adequate quality of the connection is ensured.
- plastic bodies can be connected to one another quickly and thus inexpensively while maintaining microstructured surfaces. Since elevated temperatures are not necessarily used, this method can also be used for structures with biologically active material, depending on the choice of solvent.
- the invention also relates to components which comprise at least two bodies connected to one another, of which at least one body has microstructures made of plastic with the smallest structural dimensions ⁇ 1 mm on the surface connected to the other body.
- the bodies are connected with the method according to the invention, the majority of the cavities lying between the structures being connected to the environment.
- Such components particularly advantageously have microstructures for storing, passing through, dosing, mixing, separating, exchanging heat, chemical conversion and / or detection of at least one substance.
- Passive structures are, for example, channel-like recesses with mixing and / or reaction spaces connected to inlets and outlets for fluid supply and discharge.
- Active structures can be sensors, for example for measuring conductivity, or micro valves.
- the substance is advantageously a gas or a liquid or the substance, in particular biomolecules, is dissolved in a liquid.
- An example of such a component is a plastic plate which has grooves running parallel to one another, the grooves each having an electrode at their end regions. With the method according to the invention, a thin plastic film is applied to the plastic plate, which covers the grooves except for openings in the electrode area.
- Such a component is used in capillary electrophoresis for the separation of DNA or protein fragments.
- a large number of miniaturized cavities can be provided for storing substances, for example substance libraries in combinatorial chemistry.
- substances for example substance libraries in combinatorial chemistry.
- such a component can have openings connected to channels.
- Surfaces of the microstructures can be functionalized for the separation or / and detection of biomolecules.
- the component or areas thereof can consist of an optically transparent plastic.
- surfaces or cavities can have catalytically active material.
- Suitable solvents were pure butyl acetate, mixtures of butyl acetate and 1-propanol in ratios of up to 3: 5, butyl acetate and 1-hexanol in a ratio of 1: 1, and pentyl acetate and 1-hexanol in a ratio of 2: 1.
- the respective solvent mixture was introduced with a pipette and the two parts were brought into contact for about 1 to 3 minutes.
- the ambient pressure for approximately 10 of the compound of plates is for connecting circuit boards with foils min lowered mbar to 10 "4. In the case of one another, longer contact times have to proved to several hours at reduced ambient pressure to be advantageous.
- the second and third embodiment according to which the negative pressure is applied specifically to the cavities, without lowering the ambient pressure, for the connection.
- a PMMA plate with 4 ⁇ m wide grooves spaced a few ⁇ m apart was connected with a 125 ⁇ m thick PMMA film.
- a mixture of butyl acetate and 1-propanol in a ratio of 1: 2 was used under the same test conditions as in Example 1.
- a PMMA plate which had a 27 cm long, meandering groove with a width of 80 to 200 ⁇ m and a depth of 80 ⁇ m, the grooves being separated from one another by webs with a width of 80 to 200 ⁇ m, was used with a 125 ⁇ m thick PMMA film with the same solvent mixture and under the same test conditions as in Example 2.
- the second and the third embodiment of the method according to the invention prove to be very advantageous here due to the long channel.
- Polycarbonate Lithane HF110R from General Electric Plastics
- Mixtures of butyl acetate and methanol and butyl acetate and 1-propanol each in a ratio of 1 1 and cyclopentanone and 1-propanol in a ratio of 2 3 were suitable for this purpose under the conditions described for Example 1
- microstructured plates (20 x 20 x 2 mm) made of polysulfone (Ultrason brand, type S1010 from BASF) were joined using acetone as solvent and adhering to the test conditions of Example 1. Mixtures of cyclohexanone and n-butyl ether were also successfully used
- the second film was positioned on the first film so that the two ends of the channel were open to the environment.
- the solvent was removed by vacuum suction.
- the interconnected plates and foils were examined in an optical microscope in the empty state and filled with an aqueous dye solution. In all of the experiments, the interconnected areas proved to be homogeneous. Cracks and enclosed bubbles could not be observed.
- the microstructures were preserved and the intermediate webs lying between the grooves were completely connected to the applied plate or film, so that the channels filled with the dye solution were completely separated from one another by the intact intermediate webs.
- the workpieces connected to one another according to Examples 1 to 3 and 6 to 8 could only be separated from one another by destroying the structures.
- the plates bonded according to Examples 4, 5, 9 and 10 adhered less strongly, in which the structures were retained after separation, but the connecting surfaces of which showed significant damage.
- Figure 1 shows the recording of a component according to the invention, which comprises a grooved plastic chip made of PMMA with a size of about 2 cm x 2 cm, on the surface of which a PMMA film with a thickness of 125 ⁇ m was applied by the method according to the invention.
- Butyl acetate and 1-propanol in a ratio of 1: 1 were used as the solvent mixture used and the test conditions for Example 1 were met.
- channels were formed on the microstructured surface of the plastic chip, which channels were connected to the surroundings from the edge area.
- the channels were filled with an aqueous dye solution, which can be seen here as darker areas.
- the unfilled areas that is to say the webs delimiting the channels, which were connected to the film above, can be seen as light lines.
- connection points (light lines) between the plastic chip and the film are completely formed and homogeneous. No cracks or bubbles can be seen at the connection points.
- the method according to the invention is therefore particularly suitable for realizing miniaturized fluidic systems, for example for biotechnological applications.
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Abstract
Description
Ver fahr en zum Verbinden von mikro s t ruk tur ier t en Werks tücken aus Kuns t s t o f f s owi e na ch die s em Verf ahren erha l t ene s Baut ei lProcesses for connecting microstructured workpieces made of art n t o f f s owi e after the em process received e e component
Beschreibungdescription
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Verbinden zweier Werkstücke, von denen zumindest das erste Werkstück an der zu verbindenden Fläche MikroStrukturen aus Kunststoff mit kleinsten Strukturabmessungen < 1 mm aufweist. Weiterhin betrifft die Erfindung ein Bauteil umfassend mindestens zwei miteinander verbundene Körper, von denen mindestens ein Körper an der mit dem anderen Körper verbundenen Fläche MikroStrukturen aus Kunststoff mit kleinsten Strukturabmessungen < 1 mm aufweist.The invention relates to a method for connecting two workpieces, of which at least the first workpiece has microstructures made of plastic with the smallest structural dimensions <1 mm on the surface to be connected. Furthermore, the invention relates to a component comprising at least two interconnected bodies, of which at least one body has microstructures made of plastic with the smallest structural dimensions <1 mm on the surface connected to the other body.
Verfahren zum Verbinden von Werkstücken aus Kunststoff finden in allen Gebieten der Technik Anwendung. Insbesondere im Bereich der Biotechnologie, beispielsweise für Reaktions- und Analysensysteme, sowie der Hydraulik und Pneumatik werden zunehmend miniaturisierte Fluidiksysteme aus Kunststoff benötigt. Hierzu werden zu einer Seite hin offene MikroStrukturen in Kunststoff abgeformt. Zur Ausbildung von geschlossenen Fluidiksystemen wird die MikroStrukturen, wie Stege, Nuten oder kanalartige Ausnehmungen, aufweisende Oberfläche dieser Kunststoffkörper mit einer dünnen Kunststoffolie überzogen oder mit anderen strukturierten Kunststoffkörpern verbunden.Methods for connecting workpieces made of plastic are used in all areas of technology. Particularly in the field of biotechnology, for example for reaction and analysis systems, as well as hydraulics and pneumatics, miniaturized fluidic systems made of plastic are increasingly required. For this purpose, micro structures that are open to one side are molded in plastic. To form closed fluidic systems, the surface of these plastic bodies, such as webs, grooves or channel-like recesses, is covered with a thin plastic film or connected to other structured plastic bodies.
M. A. Roberts et. al. (Anal. ehem. 69, 1997, 2035-2042) beschreiben die Herstellung miniaturisierter Analysensysteme mit Kanälen für Flüssigkeiten. Hierzu wird auf einen mikrostrukturierten Kunststoffkörper eine Folie mit einer oberen Schicht aus Polyethylenterephthalat und einer unteren dünnen Schicht aus Polyethylen bei 125 °C auflaminiert. R. M. McCormick et. al. (Anal. Chem. 69, 1997, 2626-2630) beschreiben die Herstellung spritzgegossener Kunststoffchips mit Mikrokanälen für die Elektrophorese von DNA. Durch Auflaminieren einer Kunststoffdeckfolie auf die mit Nuten versehenen Kunststoffkörper werden die Mikrokanäle gebildet. Beim Auflaminieren wird über 5 Minuten eine Temperatur von 105°C angewendet.M.A. Roberts et. al. (Anal. 69, 1997, 2035-2042) describe the production of miniaturized analysis systems with channels for liquids. For this purpose, a film with an upper layer made of polyethylene terephthalate and a lower thin layer made of polyethylene is laminated onto a microstructured plastic body at 125 ° C. R. M. McCormick et. al. (Anal. Chem. 69, 1997, 2626-2630) describe the production of injection molded plastic chips with microchannels for the electrophoresis of DNA. The microchannels are formed by laminating a plastic cover film onto the grooved plastic body. When laminating, a temperature of 105 ° C is applied over 5 minutes.
Entscheidender Nachteil dieser Verfahren ist die Anwendung erhöhter Temperaturen, bei denen je nach verwendetem Kunststoff kleinste Mikro Strukturen Schaden nehmen können. Da die Folie auf der aufzulaminierenden Seite einen Kunststoff mit einer niedrigen Erweichungstemperatur aufweist, besteht, insbesondere bei biotechnologischen Anwendungen, die Gefahr der Kontamination der MikroStrukturen Weiterhin können mit diesen Verfahren nur Folien einer Dicke < 500 μm auf mikrostrukturierte Korper auflaminiert, aber keine Kunststoffkorper miteinander verbunden werdenThe decisive disadvantage of these processes is the use of elevated temperatures, at which the smallest microstructures can be damaged, depending on the plastic used. Since the film has a plastic with a low softening temperature on the side to be laminated, there is, in particular, at biotechnological applications, the risk of contamination of the microstructures Furthermore, with these processes only foils with a thickness of <500 μm can be laminated onto microstructured bodies, but no plastic bodies can be connected to each other
Ausgehend vom oben beschriebenen Stand der Technik, ist die Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Verfahren zum Verbinden von zwei Werkstucken bereitzustellen, von denen mindestens das erste Werkstuck an der zu verbindenden Flache MikroStrukturen aus Kunststoff mit kleinsten Strukturabmessungen < 1 mm aufweist, bei dem die Werkstucke keinen erhöhten Temperaturen ausgesetzt werden müssen, und das eine kostengünstige Massenfertigung erlaubt Weiterhin ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, mindestens zwei Korper umfassende Bauteile zur Verfugung zu stellen, von denen mindestens ein Korper an der mit dem anderen Korper verbundenen Flache MikroStrukturen aus Kunststoff mit kleinsten Strukturabmessungen < 1 mm aufweistStarting from the prior art described above, the object of the invention is to provide a method for connecting two workpieces, of which at least the first workpiece has microstructures made of plastic with the smallest structural dimensions <1 mm on the surface to be connected, in which the workpiece does not have any have to be exposed to elevated temperatures, and this allows cost-effective mass production. Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to provide at least two components comprising components, of which at least one component has plastic microstructures with the smallest structural dimensions <1 on the surface connected to the other component mm
Hierzu wird zwischen die zu verbindenden Werkstucke ein organisches Losungsmittel oder ein Gemisch organischer Losungsmittel aufgebracht, wobei mindestens eines der Losungsmittel den Kunststoff der zu verbindenden Flache mindestens eines Werkstucks anzulösen vermag Die beiden Werkstucke werden so miteinander in Verbindung gebracht, daß die überwiegende Anzahl der zwischen den Strukturen liegenden Hohlräume mit der Umgebung in Verbindung steht Es ist völlig ausreichend, wenn Hohlräume nicht selbst, sondern über andere Hohlräume, beispielsweise Kanäle, zur Umgebung hin offen sind Hierdurch wird eine Bildung von der Umgebung abgeschlossener Hohlräume vermieden Dies kann beispielsweise dadurch erfolgen, daß die Strukturen des ersten Werkstucks nicht vollständig vom zweiten Werkstuck abgedeckt werden, oder/ und daß eines oder beide der Werkstucke die Strukturen mit der Umgebung verbindende Locher bzw Durchbruche aufweisen Nach einer kurzen Verweilzeit wird durch Anlegen eines Unterdrucks das bzw die zwischen den beiden Werkstucken befindlichen Losungsmittel zumindest weitgehend entfernt Dadurch, daß die Strukturen keine nach außen abgeschlossenen Hohlräume bilden, sondern die überwiegende Anzahl mit der Umgebung verbunden ist, können durch Anlegen eines Unterdrucks die zwischen den MikroStrukturen verbliebenen Losungsmittel rasch entfernt werden Daruberhinaus diffundiert das bzw die Losungsmittel aus Bereichen zwischen den Kontaktflachen nicht nur über die Außenkanten der Bauteile, sondern auch über die durch die Strukturen gebildeten Hohlräume in die Umgebung.For this purpose, an organic solvent or a mixture of organic solvents is applied between the workpieces to be joined, at least one of the solvents being able to dissolve the plastic of the surface to be joined at least one workpiece.The two workpieces are brought into connection with one another in such a way that the majority of the between the Structural cavities are in connection with the environment. It is entirely sufficient if cavities are not open to the environment, but via other cavities, for example channels. This avoids the formation of cavities that are closed off from the environment Structures of the first workpiece are not completely covered by the second workpiece, and / or that one or both of the workpieces have holes or breakthroughs connecting the structures with the environment. After a short dwell time, by applying a U Due to the fact that the structures do not form cavities closed to the outside, but the majority of them are connected to the environment, the solvent remaining between the microstructures can be quickly removed by applying a negative pressure diffuses the solvent or solvents from areas between the contact surfaces not only through the Outside edges of the components, but also into the environment via the cavities formed by the structures.
Das Kleben von Kunststoffen, insbesondere thermoplastischen Kunststoffen, alleine mit Hilfe von Lösungsmitteln, also ohne weitere Zusätze, wie Polymere, ist als Diffusionskieben bekannt (G. Habenicht, Kleben - Grundlagen, Technologie, Anwendungen, S. 442 und 443, Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1990, 2. Auflage). Die Lösungsmitteldiffusion an der Kunststoffoberfläche führt zu einem Quellvorgang und damit einer Volumenzunahme des Substrats, wodurch größere Klebefugen überbrückt werden können. Zur Erreichung einer optimalen Festigkeit der Klebung wird genannt, daß alle Lösungsmittelanteile vollständig entfernt sein müssen, was je nach Fügeteildicke Tage oder Wochen dauern kann. Weiterhin verursachen niedrigsiedende Lösungsmittel, also eine schnelle Verdunstung der Lösungsmittel, Eigenspannungen und damit Schädigungen in der Klebefuge, weshalb die Verwendung von Lösungsmittelgemischen aus Hoch-, Mittel- und Leichtsiedem empfohlen wird. Um ein Ablaufen der Lösungsmittel und damit ein Anlösen des Substrats außerhalb der Klebefuge zu vermeiden, wird eine Erhöhung der Viskosität durch Zusatz von beispielsweise Polymeren vorgeschlagen.The gluing of plastics, in particular thermoplastic plastics, solely with the help of solvents, i.e. without further additives, such as polymers, is known as diffusion sticking (G. habenicht, glueing - basics, technology, applications, pp. 442 and 443, Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1990, 2nd edition). The solvent diffusion on the plastic surface leads to a swelling process and thus an increase in volume of the substrate, as a result of which larger adhesive joints can be bridged. To achieve optimum bond strength, it is stated that all solvent components must be completely removed, which can take days or weeks, depending on the thickness of the component. Furthermore, low-boiling solvents, i.e. rapid evaporation of the solvents, cause residual stresses and thus damage in the adhesive joint, which is why the use of solvent mixtures from high, medium and low boilers is recommended. In order to prevent the solvents from running off and thus the substrate from dissolving outside the adhesive joint, an increase in the viscosity by adding polymers, for example, is proposed.
Ausgehend von dieser Auffassung der Fachwelt ist beim Diffusionskieben zur Ausbildung qualitativ ausreichender Klebungen, bedingt durch ein notwendigerweise langsames Ausdiffundieren der Lösungsmittel, eine Zeit von Tagen bis Wochen erforderlich. Der mit der langen Kontaktzeit mit dem Lösungsmittel einhergehende Quellvorgang, der bei unstrukturierten Werkstücken zur Überbrückung von Klebefugen vorteilhaft ist, führt bei mikrostrukturierten Werkstücken jedoch zu einer Zerstörung der MikroStrukturen. Selbst niedrig siedende Lösungsmittel verbleiben zu lange im Bereich der Hohlräume mikrostrukturierter Kontaktflächen und führen damit zu deren Schädigung. Eine Verwendung von lösungsmittelarmen Klebstoffen, die polymere Grundstoffe zur Erhöhung der adhäsiven Wechselwirkung enthalten, würde jedoch zu einem unerwünschten Ausfüllen der Hohlräume zwischen den MikroStrukturen mit Feststoffen führen. Diese Problematik wurde in dem eingangs genannten Stand der Technik durch die Anwendung thermischer Laminierverfahren umgangen. Hiernach völlig überraschend haben Versuche mit mikrostrukturierten Kunststoffkörpern ergeben, daß ein rasches Entfernen von Lösungsmitteln durch Anlegen eines Unterdrucks zu guten Verbindungen zwischen den Körpern führt, wenn keine abgeschlossenen Hohlräume zwischen den zu verbindenden Flächen vorliegen. Die erzielten Verbindungsflächen waren homogen und wiesen keine Schädigungen auf. Nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren konnten beispielsweise in einem Polymethylmethacrylat (PMMA)- Substrat 20 nebeneinander angeordnete 50 μm breite Kanäle mit Zwischenstegen einer Breite von 50 μm durch Aufbringen einer 125 μm dicken PMMA-Folie gegeneinander abgedichtet werden. Dagegen ergaben Versuche, die mikrostrukturierte Oberfläche eines Körpers unter Bildung von zur Umgebung vollständig abgeschlossener Hohlräume mit einem zweiten Kunststoffkörper zu verbinden, eine sehr inhomogene, Risse und Blasen aufweisende Verbindungsfläche.On the basis of this view of the specialist world, a time of days to weeks is required for diffusion pucking to form sufficiently good bonds, due to the necessarily slow diffusion of the solvents. However, the swelling process associated with the long contact time with the solvent, which is advantageous for unstructured workpieces for bridging adhesive joints, leads to destruction of the microstructures in microstructured workpieces. Even low-boiling solvents remain in the area of the microstructured contact surfaces for too long and thus damage them. However, the use of low-solvent adhesives that contain polymeric base materials to increase the adhesive interaction would lead to an undesired filling of the voids between the microstructures with solids. This problem was avoided in the prior art mentioned at the outset by using thermal lamination processes. It was completely surprising that experiments with microstructured plastic bodies have shown that rapid removal of solvents by applying a negative pressure leads to good connections between the bodies if there are no closed cavities between the surfaces to be connected. The connecting surfaces achieved were homogeneous and showed no damage. Using the method according to the invention, for example in a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) substrate 20, 50 μm wide channels with intermediate webs with a width of 50 μm could be sealed against one another by applying a 125 μm thick PMMA film. In contrast, attempts to connect the microstructured surface of a body to a second plastic body with the formation of cavities that are completely sealed off from the environment resulted in a very inhomogeneous connecting surface with cracks and bubbles.
Nach einer ersten Ausführungsform erfolgt das Anlegen des Unterdrucks derart, daß der Druck der Umgebung der beiden Werkstücke abgesenkt wird. Hierzu werden beispielsweise die miteinander in Kontakt gebrachten Werkstücke in eine Vakuumkammer überführt und nach einer kurzen Verweilzeit der Druck in der Kammer abgesenkt. Durch die Wahl der Höhe des Drucks und des Lösungsmittels bzw. des Lösungsmittelgemisches kann in Abhängigkeit von der Strukturierung der Werkstücke die Zeit, innerhalb der das Lösungsmittel im Hinblick auf eine ausreichende Festigkeit unter Erhalt der MikroStrukturen ausreichend entfernt wird, beeinflußt werden.According to a first embodiment, the vacuum is applied in such a way that the pressure in the vicinity of the two workpieces is reduced. For this purpose, for example, the workpieces brought into contact with one another are transferred to a vacuum chamber and the pressure in the chamber is reduced after a short dwell time. Depending on the structuring of the workpieces, the time within which the solvent is sufficiently removed with a view to sufficient strength to maintain the microstructures can be influenced by the choice of the level of the pressure and the solvent or the solvent mixture.
Nach einer zweiten Ausführungsform wird der Unterdruck derart an zwischen den MikroStrukturen liegenden, mit der Umgebung verbundenen Hohlräumen angelegt, daß der Druck in diesen Hohlräumen gegenüber dem Druck der Umgebung der beiden Werkstücke abgesenkt wird. Hierzu wird beispielsweise eine mit den Hohlräumen in Verbindung stehende Öffnung der beiden Werkstücke mit einer Unterdruckvorrichtung druckdicht verbunden. Gegebenenfalls sind weitere mit den Hohlräumen in Verbindung stehende Öffnungen druckdicht zu verschließen oder ebenfalls mit der Unterdruckvorrichtung zu verbinden. Der Druck innerhalb der Hohlräume kann so gezielt erniedrigt und damit das Lösungsmittel entfernt werden. Aufgrund der Differenz zwischen dem Umgebungsdruck und dem Druck innerhalb der Hohlräume werden beide Werkstücke verstärkt aneinander gedrückt. Dies kann beispielsweise bei der Verwendung einer Kunststoffolie als zweites Werkstück Abweichungen von einer einheitlichen Strukturhöhe des ersten Werkstückes ausgleichen helfen. Darüber hinaus ist dieser Fügevorgang ohne weiteres automatisierbar, wodurch mikrostrukturierte Kunststoffkörper in großen Stückzahlen zusammengefügt werden können.According to a second embodiment, the negative pressure is applied to cavities located between the microstructures and connected to the environment in such a way that the pressure in these cavities is reduced compared to the pressure in the environment of the two workpieces. For this purpose, for example, an opening of the two workpieces connected to the cavities is connected in a pressure-tight manner with a vacuum device. If necessary, further openings connected to the cavities are to be closed in a pressure-tight manner or likewise to be connected to the vacuum device. The pressure within the cavities can thus be reduced in a targeted manner and the solvent can thus be removed. Due to the difference between the ambient pressure and the pressure within the cavities, both workpieces are pressed closer together. This can help to compensate for deviations from a uniform structural height of the first workpiece, for example when using a plastic film as the second workpiece. In addition, this joining process can easily be automated, which means that microstructured plastic bodies can be joined together in large quantities.
Vorteilhaft wird nach der ersten und der zweiten Ausführungsform der Druck unter den Dampfdruck des am niedrigsten siedenden Lösungsmittels, besonders vorteilhaft unter den Dampfdruck des am höchsten siedenden Lösungsmittels abgesenkt. Hierdurch kommt es zu einer besonders raschen Entfernung des Lösungsmittels. Dies ermöglicht die Verwendung von den betreffenden Kunststoff gut anlösenden Lösungsmitteln, da durch die rasche Entfernung eine Schädigung der MikroStrukturen vermieden wird. Darüber hinaus gestattet dies eine beträchtliche Verkürzung der Fügezeit.According to the first and the second embodiment, the pressure is advantageously reduced below the vapor pressure of the lowest-boiling solvent, particularly advantageously below the vapor pressure of the highest-boiling solvent. This leads to a particularly rapid removal of the solvent. This makes it possible to use solvents that have a good solubility in the plastic, since the rapid removal prevents damage to the microstructures. In addition, this allows the joining time to be shortened considerably.
Nach einer dritten Ausführungsform wird der Unterdruck derart an zwischen den MikroStrukturen liegenden Hohlräumen, die über mindestens zwei Öffnungen mit der Umgebung in Verbindung stehen, angelegt, daß Luft durch diese Hohlräume gesaugt wird. Hiernach wird, entsprechend der zweiten Ausführungsform, mindestens eine mit den Hohlräumen in Verbindung stehende Öffnung der beiden Werkstücke mit einer Unterdruckvorrichtung verbunden. Jedoch weisen die beiden Werkstücke mindestens eine zweite Öffnung auf, die mit den gleichen Hohlräumen in Verbindung steht. Im Gegensatz zu der zweiten Ausführungsform wird diese Öffnung nicht druckdicht verschlossen oder mit der Unterdruckvorrichtung verbunden, sondern bleibt zur Umgebung hin offen. Hierdurch wird bei Anlegen eines Unterdrucks an die erste Öffnung das sich in den Hohlräumen befindliche Lösungsmittel herausgesaugt und Luft durch die Hohlräume hindurchgesaugt. Auch nach dieser Ausführungsform ist eine schnelle Entfernung des Lösungsmittels gewährleistet, wobei die Werkstücke möglichst wenig Hohlräume, in denen das Lösungsmittel nicht abgesaugt wird, sogenannte Totzonen, aufweisen sollten. Durch die sich mit der zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Öffnung aufbauenden Druckdifferenz einhergehende Druckabsenkung im Vergleich zum Umgebungsdruck werden, wie bei der zweiten Ausführungsform, die beiden Werkstücke verstärkt aneinander gedrückt. Um eine Kontamination der Hohlräume durch hindurchströmende Umgebungsluft zu vermeiden, ist es vorteilhaft, ein gereinigtes Gas der zweiten Öffnung zuzuführen. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren eignet sich besonders vorteilhaft für Werkstücke, die an der zu verbindenden Fläche MikroStrukturen aus Kunststoff mit kleinsten Strukturabmessungen < 500 μm aufweisen. Auch bei Strukturen im unteren Mikrometerbereich sowie Submikrometerbereich ist das Verfahren geeignet.According to a third embodiment, the negative pressure is applied to cavities located between the microstructures, which are connected to the environment via at least two openings, in such a way that air is sucked through these cavities. According to the second embodiment, at least one opening of the two workpieces connected to the cavities is connected to a vacuum device. However, the two workpieces have at least one second opening which communicates with the same cavities. In contrast to the second embodiment, this opening is not closed pressure-tight or connected to the vacuum device, but remains open to the environment. As a result, when a negative pressure is applied to the first opening, the solvent located in the cavities is sucked out and air is sucked through the cavities. This embodiment also ensures rapid removal of the solvent, the workpieces having as few cavities as possible in which the solvent is not suctioned off, so-called dead zones. As a result of the lowering in pressure compared to the ambient pressure associated with the pressure difference building up between the first and the second opening, the two workpieces are pressed closer together, as in the second embodiment. In order to avoid contamination of the cavities by ambient air flowing through, it is advantageous to supply a cleaned gas to the second opening. The method according to the invention is particularly advantageously suitable for workpieces which have microstructures made of plastic with the smallest structural dimensions <500 μm on the surface to be connected. The method is also suitable for structures in the lower micrometer range and submicrometer range.
Mindestens ein Werkstück weist an der zu verbindenden Fläche einen Kunststoff auf, der sich mit einem oder mehreren organischen Lösungsmitteln anlösen läßt. So eignet sich dieses Verfahren besonders zum Verbinden von Thermoplasten ausreichender Löslichkeit, wie beispielsweise Polymethylmethacrylat (PMMA), Polycarbonate (PC), Polystyrol (PS), Polyoxymethylen (POM), Polyetheretherketon (PEEK), Polysulfon (PSU), Polybutylenterephthalat (PBT), Polyethylenterephthalat (PET), Polyvinylidenfluorid (PVDF), Cycloolefinpolymere (COP), Copolymere auf der Basis von Cycloolefinen und Ethylen (COC) oder Copolymere auf der Basis von Acrylnitril, Butadien und Styrol (ABS).At least one workpiece has a plastic on the surface to be joined, which can be dissolved with one or more organic solvents. This method is particularly suitable for joining thermoplastics of sufficient solubility, such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonates (PC), polystyrene (PS), polyoxymethylene (POM), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polysulfone (PSU), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), cycloolefin polymers (COP), copolymers based on cycloolefins and ethylene (COC) or copolymers based on acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene (ABS).
Das zweite Werkstück, das ebenfalls MikroStrukturen aufweisen kann, besteht vorteilhaft ebenfalls aus einem Kunststoff, beispielsweise einer Kunststoffolie. Als Material des zweiten Werkstücks eignet sich jedoch auch beispielsweise Glas oder Quarzglas. Das zweite Werkstück kann an der zu verbindenden Fläche jedoch auch ein oder mehrere andere Materialien aufweisen.The second workpiece, which can also have microstructures, advantageously also consists of a plastic, for example a plastic film. However, glass or quartz glass, for example, is also suitable as the material of the second workpiece. However, the second workpiece can also have one or more other materials on the surface to be connected.
Es kann vorteilhaft sein, vor der Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens die zu verbindende Fläche eines oder beider Werkstücke einer mechanischen, physikalischen oder/ und chemischen Oberflächenbehandlung zu unterziehen. Hierdurch kann das Anlöseverhalten einer Kunststoffoberfläche gegenüber Lösungsmitteln verbessert werden.It may be advantageous to subject the surface of one or both workpieces to be joined to a mechanical, physical and / or chemical surface treatment before the method according to the invention is used. As a result, the dissolving behavior of a plastic surface against solvents can be improved.
Geeignete Lösungsmittel vermögen den Kunststoff der zu verbindenden Fläche mindestens eines Werkstücks anzulösen. In der Regel eignen sich zum Anlösen polarer Kunststoffe eher polare Lösungsmittel und zum Anlösen unpolarer Kunststoffe eher Lösungsmittel geringer Polarität. Daher eignen sich für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren je nach verwendetem Kunststoff ein oder mehrere Lösungsmittel aus der Gruppe der niedermolekularen (C1-C-10) gesättigten oder ungesättigten linearen, verzweigten oder cyclischen, gegebenenfalls substituierten Alkane, Alkohole, Ether, Ester, Aldehyde, Ketone, N,N-Dialkylamide, aromatischen Verbindungen oder deren Mischungen. Geeignete Substituenten sind beispielsweise Halogene, wie Fluor oder Chlor. Beispiele für Lösungsmittel der obigen Gruppe sind Dichlormethan, Trichlormethan, Trichlorethylen, Hexan, Heptan, Oktan, Nonan, Decan, Decahydronaphthalin, Methanol, Ethanol, Propanol, Hexafluorpropanol, Butanol, Pentanol, Hexanol, di-n-Butylether, tert.-Butylmethylether, Tetrahydrofuran, Methyl-, Ethyl-, Propyl-, Butyl- oder Pentylacetat, Aceton, Hexafluoraceton-Hydrate, Methylethylketon, Methylisobutylketon, Cyclopentanon, Cyclohexanon, N,N-Dimethylformamid, N,N-Dimethylacetamid, Toluol oder Xylol.Suitable solvents are able to dissolve the plastic of the surface to be joined on at least one workpiece. As a rule, polar solvents are more suitable for dissolving polar plastics, and solvents of low polarity are more suitable for dissolving non-polar plastics. Therefore, depending on the plastic used, one or more solvents from the group of the low molecular weight (C1-C-10) saturated or unsaturated linear, branched or cyclic, optionally substituted alkanes, alcohols, ethers, esters, aldehydes, ketones, N, N-dialkylamides, aromatic compounds or mixtures thereof. Suitable substituents are, for example, halogens, such as fluorine or chlorine. Examples of solvents from the above group are dichloromethane, trichloromethane, trichlorethylene, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, decahydronaphthalene, methanol, ethanol, propanol, hexafluoropropanol, butanol, pentanol, hexanol, di-n-butyl ether, tert-butyl methyl ether, Tetrahydrofuran, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl or pentyl acetate, acetone, hexafluoroacetone hydrates, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, toluene or xylene.
Vorteilhaft eignen sich Mischungen mindestens zweier Lösungsmittel, von denen das erste den betreffenden Kunststoff gut anlöst und das zweite Lösungsmittel weniger gute Anlöseeigenschaften besitzt. Besonders vorteilhaft weist das zweite Lösungsmittel einen höheren Dampfdruck als das erste Lösungsmittel auf. Ein geeignetes Mischungsverhältnis der Lösungsmittel für den betreffenden Kunststoff ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß gute Verbindungsergebnisse bei gleichzeitigem Erhalt empfindlicher Strukturen erzielt werden, d. h. ohne daß in der vorgegebenen Verweilzeit die MikroStrukturen beschädigt werden. Daher haben die Auswahl der Lösungsmittel und die Optimierung des Mischungsverhältnisses nicht nur im Hinblick auf die Kunststoffe, sondern auch auf die jeweils vorliegenden MikroStrukturen zu erfolgen.Mixtures of at least two solvents are advantageous, the first of which dissolves the plastic in question well and the second solvent has less good dissolving properties. The second solvent particularly advantageously has a higher vapor pressure than the first solvent. A suitable mixing ratio of the solvents for the plastic in question is characterized in that good connection results are obtained while maintaining sensitive structures, i. H. without the microstructures being damaged in the specified dwell time. Therefore, the choice of solvents and the optimization of the mixing ratio have to be made not only with regard to the plastics, but also to the respective microstructures.
Die Werkstücke können durch Aufeinanderlegen oder durch Aneinanderpressen in Kontakt gebracht werden. Vorteilhaft erfolgt dies bei Temperaturen zwischen 10°C und 40°C. Je nach den Lösungseigenschaften der verwendeten Mischung bzw. des verwendeten Lösungsmittels sind unterschiedlich lange Verweilzeiten vor dem Anlegen eines Unterdrucks zur Entfernung der Lösungsmittel erforderlich. Als vorteilhaft haben sich Verweilzeiten < 1 Stunde, insbesondere < 10 Minuten erwiesen. Lange Verweilzeiten können zu Schädigungen empfindlicher Strukturen führen. Nach Ablauf der Verweilzeit wird der Unterdruck angelegt, um die Lösungsmittel zu entfernen. Dadurch, daß die überwiegende Anzahl der Hohlräume zwischen den MikroStrukturen mit der Umgebung verbunden ist, wird durch Absenken des Drucks in den Mikrostukturen befindliches Lösungsmittel rasch entfernt. Da dem Lösungsmittel keine Zusätze, wie Polymere, beigefügt sind, bleiben keine Feststoffe in den Strukturen zurück. Über die Kanten zwischen den beiden Werkstücken, also die Außenkanten sowie die sich im Bereich der MikroStrukturen befindlichen Kanten, gelangen die Lösungsmittel aus dem Bereich der Kontaktflächen in die Umgebung. Die Kontaktzeit der miteinander verbundenen Werkstücke bei angelegtem Unterdruck soll mindestens so bemessen sein, daß die Lösungsmittel so weitgehend entfernt werden, daß eine ausreichende Qualität der Verbindung gewährleistet ist.The workpieces can be brought into contact by placing them on top of one another or pressing them together. This is advantageously done at temperatures between 10 ° C and 40 ° C. Depending on the solution properties of the mixture or solvent used, residence times of different lengths are required before the application of a vacuum to remove the solvents. Residence times of <1 hour, in particular <10 minutes, have proven to be advantageous. Long dwell times can damage sensitive structures. After the dwell time has elapsed, the vacuum is applied to remove the solvents. Because the majority of the voids between the microstructures are connected to the environment, solvent in the microstructures is quickly removed by lowering the pressure. Since no additives, such as polymers, are added to the solvent, no solids remain in the structures. Via the edges between the two workpieces, i.e. the outer edges and the edges located in the area of the microstructures, the solvents get from the area of the contact surfaces into the environment. The contact time of the workpieces connected to one another when the vacuum is applied should at least be such that the solvents are removed to such an extent that an adequate quality of the connection is ensured.
Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren lassen sich Kunststoffkörper unter Erhalt mikrostrukturierter Oberflächen schnell und damit kostengünstig miteinander verbinden. Da nicht notwendigerweise erhöhte Temperaturen zum Einsatz kommen, kann dieses Verfahren je nach Wahl der Lösungsmittel auch bei Strukturen mit biologisch aktivem Material eingesetzt werden.With the method according to the invention, plastic bodies can be connected to one another quickly and thus inexpensively while maintaining microstructured surfaces. Since elevated temperatures are not necessarily used, this method can also be used for structures with biologically active material, depending on the choice of solvent.
Die Erfindung bezieht sich ebenfalls auf Bauteile, die mindestens zwei miteinander verbundene Körper umfassen, von denen mindestens ein Körper an der mit dem anderen Körper verbundenen Fläche MikroStrukturen aus Kunststoff mit kleinsten Strukturabmessungen < 1 mm aufweist. Die Körper sind mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren verbunden, wobei die überwiegende Anzahl der zwischen den Strukturen liegenden Hohlräume mit der Umgebung in Verbindung steht.The invention also relates to components which comprise at least two bodies connected to one another, of which at least one body has microstructures made of plastic with the smallest structural dimensions <1 mm on the surface connected to the other body. The bodies are connected with the method according to the invention, the majority of the cavities lying between the structures being connected to the environment.
Besonders vorteilhaft weisen solche Bauteile MikroStrukturen zum Lagern, Durchleiten, Dosieren, Mischen, Trennen, Wärme Tauschen, chemischen Umsetzen oder/ und Detektieren von mindestens einem Stoff auf. Dies können sowohl passive als auch aktive MikroStrukturen sein. Passive Strukturen sind beispielsweise mit Ein- und Auslässen zur Fluidzu- und Fluidabführung verbundene kanalartige Ausnehmungen mit Misch- oder/ und Reaktionsräumen. Aktive Strukturen können Sensoren, beispielsweise zur Leitfähigkeitsmessung, oder Mikroventile sein. Vorteilhaft ist der Stoff ein Gas oder eine Flüssigkeit oder der Stoff, insbesondere Biomoleküle, ist in einer Flüssigkeit gelöst. Ein Beispiel für solch ein Bauteil ist ein Kunststoffplättchen, das parallel zueinander verlaufende Nuten aufweist, wobei die Nuten an ihren Endbereichen jeweils eine Elektrode aufweisen. Auf das Kunststoffplättchen ist mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren eine dünne Kunststoffolie angebracht, die die Nuten bis auf Öffnungen im Elektrodenbereich bedeckt. Solch ein Bauteil findet Verwendung in der Kapillar-Elektrophorese zur Trennung von DNA- oder Protein-Fragmenten.Such components particularly advantageously have microstructures for storing, passing through, dosing, mixing, separating, exchanging heat, chemical conversion and / or detection of at least one substance. These can be both passive and active microstructures. Passive structures are, for example, channel-like recesses with mixing and / or reaction spaces connected to inlets and outlets for fluid supply and discharge. Active structures can be sensors, for example for measuring conductivity, or micro valves. The substance is advantageously a gas or a liquid or the substance, in particular biomolecules, is dissolved in a liquid. An example of such a component is a plastic plate which has grooves running parallel to one another, the grooves each having an electrode at their end regions. With the method according to the invention, a thin plastic film is applied to the plastic plate, which covers the grooves except for openings in the electrode area. Such a component is used in capillary electrophoresis for the separation of DNA or protein fragments.
Zum Lagern von Stoffen, beispielsweise von Substanzbibliotheken in der kombinatorischen Chemie, können eine Vielzahl von miniaturisierten Hohlräumen vorgesehen sein. Zum Dosieren von Flüssigkeiten kann solch ein Bauteil mit Kanälen verbundene Öffnungen aufweisen.A large number of miniaturized cavities can be provided for storing substances, for example substance libraries in combinatorial chemistry. For metering liquids, such a component can have openings connected to channels.
Zur Trennung oder/ und Detektion von Biomolekülen können Oberflächen der MikroStrukturen funktionalisiert sein. Zur optischen Detektion kann das Bauteil oder Bereiche hiervon aus einem optisch transparenten Kunststoff bestehen. Zur Durchführung von chemischen Umsetzungen können Oberflächen oder Hohlräume katalytisch aktives Material aufweisen.Surfaces of the microstructures can be functionalized for the separation or / and detection of biomolecules. For optical detection, the component or areas thereof can consist of an optically transparent plastic. To carry out chemical reactions, surfaces or cavities can have catalytically active material.
Aufgrund der einfachen abformtechnischen Herstellung solcher Körper, insbesondere unter Verwendung von mikrotechnisch hergestellten Formeinsätzen, und mittels des erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungsverfahrens lassen sich solche Bauteile in großen Stückzahlen kostengünstig fertigen und können beispielsweise in der medizinischen Analytik oder der pharmazeutischen Wirkstofforschung Verwendung finden, wobei durch die kostengünstige Fertigung der einmalige Gebrauch ermöglicht und damit Reinigungsprozesse und eine Kontaminationsgefahr vermieden werden.Due to the simple production of such bodies using impression technology, in particular using microtechnologically produced mold inserts, and by means of the connection method according to the invention, such components can be inexpensively manufactured in large quantities and can be used, for example, in medical analysis or pharmaceutical active ingredient research, the cost-effective production of single use enables cleaning processes and a risk of contamination to be avoided.
Im folgenden werden anhand von Beispielen geeignete Ausführungsformen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens erläutert.Suitable embodiments of the method according to the invention are explained below using examples.
1. Beispiel:1st example:
Es wurden etwa 2,5 cm x 7,5 cm große PMMA-Platten (Plexiglas vom Typ 7 HLE von Röhm) mit Nuten einer Breite und Tiefe von 50 μm und einer Länge von über 29 mm bei Abständen von 200 μm bis 30 μm eingesetzt. Diese Platten wurden jeweils mit PMMA-Folie (Plexiglas von Rhöm AG) einer Dicke von 125 μm und 250 μm sowie einer PMMA-Platte einer Dicke von 2 mm verbunden, wobei jeweils mindestens ein Ende der Nuten nicht abgedeckt wurde, so daß keine abgeschlossenen Hohlräume gebildet wurden. Vor dem Verbinden wurden die Teile in einer Tensidlösung gereinigt. Geeignete Lösungsmittel waren reines Butylacetat, Gemische von Butylacetat und 1-Propanol in Verhältnissen von bis zu 3 : 5, Butylacetat und 1-Hexanol im Verhältnis 1 : 1 sowie Pentylacetat und 1-Hexanol im Verhältnis 2 : 1. Zwischen der PMMA-Platte und PMMA-Folie wurde das jeweilige Lösungsmittelgemisch mit einer Pipette eingebracht und beide Teile für etwa 1 bis 3 Minuten in Kontakt gebracht. Gemäß der ersten Ausführungsform wurde zum Verbinden von Platten mit Folien der Umgebungsdruck für etwa 10 min auf 10"4 mbar abgesenkt. Im Falle der Verbindung von Platten untereinander haben sich längere Kontaktzeiten von bis zu mehreren Stunden bei erniedrigtem Umgebungsdruck als vorteilhaft erwiesen. Mit gleichem Erfolg konnte auch die zweite und dritte Ausführungsform, nach der der Unterdruck gezielt an die Hohlräume, ohne Absenkung des Umgebungsdrucks, angelegt wird, zum Verbinden eingesetzt werden.Approx. 2.5 cm x 7.5 cm large PMMA sheets (Plexiglas type 7 HLE from Röhm) with grooves with a width and depth of 50 μm and a length of over 29 mm were used at intervals of 200 μm to 30 μm . These plates were each made with PMMA film (Plexiglas from Rhöm AG) with a thickness of 125 μm and 250 μm and with a PMMA plate with a thickness of 2 mm connected, wherein at least one end of the grooves was not covered, so that no closed cavities were formed. Before joining, the parts were cleaned in a surfactant solution. Suitable solvents were pure butyl acetate, mixtures of butyl acetate and 1-propanol in ratios of up to 3: 5, butyl acetate and 1-hexanol in a ratio of 1: 1, and pentyl acetate and 1-hexanol in a ratio of 2: 1. Between the PMMA plate and PMMA film, the respective solvent mixture was introduced with a pipette and the two parts were brought into contact for about 1 to 3 minutes. According to the first embodiment of the ambient pressure for approximately 10 of the compound of plates is for connecting circuit boards with foils min lowered mbar to 10 "4. In the case of one another, longer contact times have to proved to several hours at reduced ambient pressure to be advantageous. With equal success it was also possible to use the second and third embodiment, according to which the negative pressure is applied specifically to the cavities, without lowering the ambient pressure, for the connection.
2. Beispiel:2nd example:
Eine PMMA-Platte mit 4 μm breiten Nuten im Abstand von wenigen μm wurde mit einer 125 μm dicken PMMA-Folie verbunden. Eingesetzt wurde eine Mischung aus Butylacetat und 1 -Propanol im Verhältnis 1 : 2 bei gleichen Versuchsbedingungen wie in Beispiel 1.A PMMA plate with 4 μm wide grooves spaced a few μm apart was connected with a 125 μm thick PMMA film. A mixture of butyl acetate and 1-propanol in a ratio of 1: 2 was used under the same test conditions as in Example 1.
3. Beispiel:3rd example:
Eine PMMA-Platte, die eine 27 cm lange, mäanderartig gewundene Nut einer Breite von 80 bis 200 μm und einer Tiefe von 80 μm aufwies, wobei die Nuten durch Stege einer Breite von 80 bis 200 μm voneinander getrennt waren, wurde mit einer 125 μm dicken PMMA-Folie mit der gleichen Lösungsmittel-Mischung und unter den gleichen Versuchsbedingungen wie in Beispiel 2 verbunden. Die zweite und die dritte Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens erweisen sich hier aufgrund des langen Kanals als sehr vorteilhaft.A PMMA plate, which had a 27 cm long, meandering groove with a width of 80 to 200 μm and a depth of 80 μm, the grooves being separated from one another by webs with a width of 80 to 200 μm, was used with a 125 μm thick PMMA film with the same solvent mixture and under the same test conditions as in Example 2. The second and the third embodiment of the method according to the invention prove to be very advantageous here due to the long channel.
4. Beispiel:4. Example:
Eine PMMA-Platte mit 50 μm breiten Nuten im Abstand von 20 μm bis 200 μm wurde mit einem in der Mikroskopie üblichen Deckglas von 2 cm x 2 cm verbunden. Als Lösungsmittel wurde Butylacetat gewählt und die Bedingungen von Beispiel 1 eingehalten. 5. Beispiel:A PMMA plate with 50 μm wide grooves at a distance of 20 μm to 200 μm was connected to a cover glass of 2 cm × 2 cm that is common in microscopy. Butyl acetate was chosen as the solvent and the conditions of Example 1 were observed. 5th example:
Eine Platte aus Polycarbonat (Lexan HF110R des Herstellers General Electric Plastics) mit Kanälen und dazwischen liegenden Stegen einer Breite von jeweils 125 μm und einer Lange von 10 mm konnte mit einer Polycarbonat- Folie (Europlex von Rhom AG) einer Dicke von 175 μm verbunden werden Hierzu eigneten sich Mischungen von Butylacetat und Methanol sowie Butylacetat und 1 -Propanol jeweils im Verhältnis 1 1 sowie Cyclopentanon und 1-Propanol im Verhältnis 2 3 bei Bedingungen wie sie zu Beispiel 1 beschrieben wurdenA plate made of polycarbonate (Lexan HF110R from General Electric Plastics) with channels and webs between them, each 125 µm wide and 10 mm long, could be connected with a 175 µm thick polycarbonate film (Europlex from Rhom AG) Mixtures of butyl acetate and methanol and butyl acetate and 1-propanol each in a ratio of 1 1 and cyclopentanone and 1-propanol in a ratio of 2 3 were suitable for this purpose under the conditions described for Example 1
6. Beispiel:6. Example:
Zwei mikrostrukturierte Platten der Abmessungen 20 x 20 x 2 mm aus einem Copolymer auf der Basis von Cycloolefinen und Ethylen (Marke Topas, Typ 5014 der Firma Hoechst) wurden mit Heptan bei gleichen Bedingungen wie in Beispiel 1 verbunden Gute Ergebnisse wurden ebenfalls mit einer Mischung aus di-n-Butylether und tert -Butylmethylether im Verhältnis 1 1 erhalten, wobei als zweites Werkstuck eine 20 μm dicke Folie sowohl aus einem Polymer auf der Basis Cylcoolefin und Ethylen als auch aus einem Cycloolefinpolymer (Marke Zeonex der Firma Nippon Zeon) verwendet wurdeTwo microstructured plates measuring 20 x 20 x 2 mm made of a copolymer based on cycloolefins and ethylene (Topas brand, type 5014 from Hoechst) were combined with heptane under the same conditions as in Example 1. Good results were also obtained with a mixture Obtain di-n-butyl ether and tert-butyl methyl ether in a ratio of 1 1, the second workpiece being a 20 μm thick film made from a polymer based on cyclocoolefin and ethylene and from a cycloolefin polymer (Zeonex brand from Nippon Zeon)
7. Beispiel:7. Example:
Zwei mikrostrukturierte Platten (20 x 20 x 2 mm) aus Polysulfon (Marke Ultrason, Typ S1010 der Firma BASF) wurden unter Verwendung von Aceton als Losungsmittel und Einhaltung der Versuchsbedingungen von Beispiel 1 verbunden Weiterhin wurden Mischungen aus Cyclohexanon und n-Butylether erfolgreich eingesetztTwo microstructured plates (20 x 20 x 2 mm) made of polysulfone (Ultrason brand, type S1010 from BASF) were joined using acetone as solvent and adhering to the test conditions of Example 1. Mixtures of cyclohexanone and n-butyl ether were also successfully used
δ. Beispiel:δ. Example:
Zum Verbinden zweier transparenter, mikrostrukturierter Platten (20 x 20 x 2 mm) aus Polystyrol (Marke Vistyron, Typ 325 der Firma Hüls) wurde tert - Butylmethylether bei den zu Beispiel 1 beschriebenen Versuchsbedingungen verwendet Darüber hinaus wurden 1 1 bis 4 1 Mischungen aus Decahydronaphtha n und n-Decan mit einer 100 μm dicken Folie (Typ 2710 von BASF) als zweites Werkstuck mit gutem Ergebnis verwendet 9. Beispiel:For the connection of two transparent, microstructured plates (20 x 20 x 2 mm) made of polystyrene (Vistyron brand, type 325 from Hüls), tert-butyl methyl ether was used under the test conditions described for example 1. In addition, 1 1 to 4 1 mixtures of decahydronaphtha were used n and n-decane with a 100 μm thick film (type 2710 from BASF) used as a second workpiece with good results Example 9:
Zwei mikrostrukturierte Werkstücke aus Polyoxymethylen (Typ C9021 von Hoechst) oder Polybutylenterephthalat (Typ Ceranex 2000-3 von Hoechst) wurden mit Hexafluorisopropanol entsprechend den Bedingungen des Versuchs zu Beispiel 1 verbunden.Two microstructured workpieces made of polyoxymethylene (type C9021 from Hoechst) or polybutylene terephthalate (type Ceranex 2000-3 from Hoechst) were connected with hexafluoroisopropanol in accordance with the conditions of the experiment in Example 1.
10. Beispiel:10. Example:
Zwei 125 μm dicke Folien aus Polyethylenterephthalat (Mylar-Folie von Du Pont), wobei die erste Folie einen Kanal mit einem quadratischen Querschnitt von 50 μm und einer Länge von 2 cm aufwies, wurden mit einer 1 :5 Mischung aus Hexafluoroisopropanol und Dichlormethan miteinander verbunden. Die zweite Folie wurde derart auf der ersten Folie positioniert, daß die beiden Enden des Kanals zur Umgebung hin offen waren. Das Lösungsmittel wurde gemäß der dritten Ausführungsform durch Heraussaugen mittels Unterdruck entfernt.Two 125 μm thick films made of polyethylene terephthalate (Mylar film from Du Pont), the first film having a channel with a square cross section of 50 μm and a length of 2 cm, were connected to one another with a 1: 5 mixture of hexafluoroisopropanol and dichloromethane . The second film was positioned on the first film so that the two ends of the channel were open to the environment. According to the third embodiment, the solvent was removed by vacuum suction.
Versuchsergebnisse:Test results:
Die miteinander verbundenen Platten und Folien wurden im Lichtmikroskop im leeren Zustand sowie gefüllt mit einer wäßrigen Farbstofflösung untersucht. In allen Versuchen erwiesen sich die miteinander verbundenen Stellen als homogen. Risse und eingeschlossene Blasen konnten nicht beobachtet werden. Die MikroStrukturen blieben erhalten und die zwischen den Nuten liegenden Zwischenstege wurden vollständig mit der aufgebrachten Platte bzw. Folie verbunden, so daß die mit der Farbstofflösung gefüllten Kanäle durch die intakten Zwischenstege vollständig voneinander getrennt waren. Die nach den Beispielen 1 bis 3 und 6 bis 8 miteinander verbundenen Werkstücke ließen sich nur unter Zerstörung der Strukturen voneinander trennen. Weniger stark hafteten die nach den Beispielen 4, 5, 9 und 10 verbundenen Platten, bei denen nach einer Trennung die Strukturen zwar erhalten blieben, aber deren Verbindungsflächen deutliche Beschädigungen aufwiesen.The interconnected plates and foils were examined in an optical microscope in the empty state and filled with an aqueous dye solution. In all of the experiments, the interconnected areas proved to be homogeneous. Cracks and enclosed bubbles could not be observed. The microstructures were preserved and the intermediate webs lying between the grooves were completely connected to the applied plate or film, so that the channels filled with the dye solution were completely separated from one another by the intact intermediate webs. The workpieces connected to one another according to Examples 1 to 3 and 6 to 8 could only be separated from one another by destroying the structures. The plates bonded according to Examples 4, 5, 9 and 10 adhered less strongly, in which the structures were retained after separation, but the connecting surfaces of which showed significant damage.
Abbildung 1 zeigt die Aufnahme eines erfindungsgemäßen Bauteils, das einen mit Nuten versehenen Kunststoffchip aus PMMA einer Größe von etwa 2 cm x 2 cm umfaßt, auf dessen Oberfläche eine PMMA-Folie einer Dicke von 125 μm nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren aufgebracht wurde. Als Lösungsmittelgemisch wurde Butylacetat und 1 -Propanol im Verhältnis 1 : 1 verwendet und die Versuchsbedingung zu Beispiel 1 eingehalten. Durch das Aufkleben der Kunststoffolie wurden auf der mikrostrukturierten Oberfläche des Kunststoffchips Kanäle gebildet, die vom Randbereich her mit der Umgebung verbunden waren. Zum Sichtbarmachen der MikroStrukturen wurden die Kanäle mit einer wäßrigen Farbstofflösung gefüllt, die hier als dunklere Bereiche zu erkennen sind. Die unbefüllten Bereiche, also die die Kanäle abgrenzenden Stege, die mit der darüberliegenden Folie verbunden wurden, sind als helle Linien erkennbar.Figure 1 shows the recording of a component according to the invention, which comprises a grooved plastic chip made of PMMA with a size of about 2 cm x 2 cm, on the surface of which a PMMA film with a thickness of 125 μm was applied by the method according to the invention. Butyl acetate and 1-propanol in a ratio of 1: 1 were used as the solvent mixture used and the test conditions for Example 1 were met. By sticking the plastic film, channels were formed on the microstructured surface of the plastic chip, which channels were connected to the surroundings from the edge area. To make the microstructures visible, the channels were filled with an aqueous dye solution, which can be seen here as darker areas. The unfilled areas, that is to say the webs delimiting the channels, which were connected to the film above, can be seen as light lines.
Auf der Oberfläche des Kunststoffchips befinden sich Gruppen von Stegen einer Höhe von 70 μm. Auf der linken Hälfte der Abbildung 1 sind 12 Paare von benachbarten Stegen angeordnet, wobei zwischen je zwei Stegen (helle Linien) einer Breite von ca. 300 μm und einer Länge von ca. 10 mm ein Kanal (dunkle Linie) einer Breite von etwa 125 μm liegt. Auf der rechten Hälfte der Abbildung 1 sind 9 Gruppen von benachbarten Stegen übereinander angeordnet, wobei zwischen je zwei Stegen (breite helle Linien) einer Breite von etwa 300 μm und einer Länge von etwa 10 mm sich drei weitere Stege (schmale helle Linien) einer Breite von 125 μm befinden, so daß in jeder Gruppe 4 Kanäle (schmale dunkle Linien) einer Breite von etwa 125 μm liegen.There are groups of bars with a height of 70 μm on the surface of the plastic chip. On the left half of Figure 1 there are 12 pairs of adjacent webs, with a channel (dark line) with a width of approximately 125 between two webs (light lines) with a width of approx. 300 μm and a length of approx. 10 mm μm. On the right half of Figure 1, 9 groups of adjacent webs are arranged one above the other, with three additional webs (narrow bright lines) of width between two webs (wide bright lines) with a width of about 300 μm and a length of about 10 mm of 125 μm, so that in each group there are 4 channels (narrow dark lines) with a width of approximately 125 μm.
Die Verbindungsstellen (helle Linien) zwischen dem Kunststoffchip und der Folie sind vollständig ausgebildet und homogen. Risse oder Blasen sind an den Verbindungsstellen nicht erkennbar. Daher eignet sich das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren besonders zur Realisierung von miniaturisierten Fluidiksystemen, beispielsweise für biotechnologische Anwendungen. The connection points (light lines) between the plastic chip and the film are completely formed and homogeneous. No cracks or bubbles can be seen at the connection points. The method according to the invention is therefore particularly suitable for realizing miniaturized fluidic systems, for example for biotechnological applications.
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP98955563A EP1030896A1 (en) | 1997-11-14 | 1998-11-10 | Process for joining microstructured plastic parts and component produced by this process |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19750374.8 | 1997-11-14 | ||
| DE19750374 | 1997-11-14 |
Publications (1)
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|---|---|
| WO1999025783A1 true WO1999025783A1 (en) | 1999-05-27 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP1998/007178 Ceased WO1999025783A1 (en) | 1997-11-14 | 1998-11-10 | Process for joining microstructured plastic parts and component produced by this process |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1030896A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE19851644B4 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1999025783A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1697745A4 (en) * | 2003-12-18 | 2009-01-21 | Digital Bio Technology Seoul N | METHOD FOR METALLIZING A PLASTIC MICROPLATE |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19945604A1 (en) | 1999-09-23 | 2003-08-07 | Aclara Biosciences Inc | Method of joining workpieces made of plastic and its use in microstructure and nanostructure technology |
| DE10130428B4 (en) | 2001-06-23 | 2005-12-22 | Boehringer Ingelheim Microparts Gmbh | Method for laminar joining of bodies |
| DE10134040B4 (en) * | 2001-07-12 | 2006-07-13 | Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh | Process for the production of microfluidic hollow structures made of plastic |
| EP1579982B1 (en) * | 2004-03-22 | 2008-04-30 | ibidi GmbH | Method for surface solvent welding of a plastic part to another part |
| DE112009000990B4 (en) * | 2008-04-22 | 2015-11-05 | Alps Electric Co., Ltd. | Composite part and method for its production |
| DE102012112306A1 (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2014-06-18 | Thinxxs Microtechnology Ag | Method for connecting components of a microfluidic flow cell |
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| DE4128964A1 (en) * | 1991-08-29 | 1993-03-04 | Fotochem Werke Gmbh | Defined adhesive area prodn. esp. for micro-mechanics or integrated sensor - using photoresist adhesive soln. of lacquer, photosensitive cpd. and hardener, etc. |
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- 1998-11-10 EP EP98955563A patent/EP1030896A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-11-10 DE DE19851644A patent/DE19851644B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-11-10 WO PCT/EP1998/007178 patent/WO1999025783A1/en not_active Ceased
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| JPH0427554A (en) * | 1990-05-22 | 1992-01-30 | Seiko Epson Corp | Manufacture of plastic ink jet head |
| JPH05177621A (en) * | 1991-12-28 | 1993-07-20 | Kawasaki Refract Co Ltd | Production of nozzle molding burn-out core |
| WO1994029400A1 (en) * | 1993-06-15 | 1994-12-22 | Pharmacia Biotech Ab | Method of producing microchannel/microcavity structures |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP1697745A4 (en) * | 2003-12-18 | 2009-01-21 | Digital Bio Technology Seoul N | METHOD FOR METALLIZING A PLASTIC MICROPLATE |
| US8900531B2 (en) | 2003-12-18 | 2014-12-02 | Nanoentek Inc. | Method for bonding plastic micro chip |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE19851644A1 (en) | 1999-08-05 |
| DE19851644B4 (en) | 2006-01-05 |
| EP1030896A1 (en) | 2000-08-30 |
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