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WO1999001883A1 - Substrats pour afficheurs video munis de filtres multi-passe-bandes a reglage spectroscopique integre - Google Patents

Substrats pour afficheurs video munis de filtres multi-passe-bandes a reglage spectroscopique integre Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999001883A1
WO1999001883A1 PCT/US1998/010776 US9810776W WO9901883A1 WO 1999001883 A1 WO1999001883 A1 WO 1999001883A1 US 9810776 W US9810776 W US 9810776W WO 9901883 A1 WO9901883 A1 WO 9901883A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
monitor
glass
display
wavelengths
polyester
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US1998/010776
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Suk Youn Suh
Hyun-Nam Yoon
Chia-Chi Teng
George L. Malinoski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CNA Holdings LLC
Original Assignee
Hoechst Celanese Corp
HNA Holdings Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hoechst Celanese Corp, HNA Holdings Inc filed Critical Hoechst Celanese Corp
Publication of WO1999001883A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999001883A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/02—Electrodes; Screens; Mounting, supporting, spacing or insulating thereof
    • H01J29/10—Screens on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted or stored
    • H01J29/18—Luminescent screens
    • H01J29/24—Supports for luminescent material

Definitions

  • This invention generally discloses spectroscopically tuned articles for video display devices and similar articles. It specifically discloses display substrates with a built-in spectroscopically tuned multiple-band optical filters for the purpose of enhancing the contrast and/or increasing color gamut of images on the screen.
  • the invention disclosed herein is related to that disclosed in pending patent applications, Serial No. 08/ 753,349, filed November 25, 1 996, and Serial No. 08/871 ,575, filed June 9, 1 997.
  • Video display devices are nowadays widely used in articles such as televisions, computers, video games and the like. Many of them generally employ a cathode ray tube (“CRT") which is a vacuum tube display device in which the image is created by electrons from an electron gun striking a phosphor screen that converts the electron energy into light energy over a wide wavelength range, usually the visible range for common display devices such as television and computer monitors.
  • CRT may be monochromatic (single color) or a color display device which produces images in more than one color, typically the three primary colors: red, green and blue.
  • the first one is that the true representation of the natural colors (“color gamut”) is somewhat limited by the spectral characteristics of the radiation sources used in the color displays. There exists no known device available at the present time to enhance the color gamut of displays.
  • the second common problem with video display devices is the light reflected from the device towards the viewer, which generally fatigues the viewer's eyes.
  • the reflected light consists of ambient light reflecting off the surface of the screen (which is typically a glass surface) as well as ambient light reflecting off the phosphors behind the screen.
  • Neutral density filters or attenuators are designed to produce attenuation that is uniform regardless of the wavelength. See, for example, Jeff Hecht,
  • Such filters comprise colloidal suspensions of silver or graphite particles in a suitable medium and adhered to the monitor surface. This type of filter transmits a fraction of the light passing through it, independent of the wavelengths.
  • These filters have the disadvantage of reducing the brightness of the image.
  • neutral density filters are widely used in the manufacturing of current color CRT displays since there is no better alternative.
  • Another approach has been to use selective filtration by using different colored plates to absorb certain single wavelengths. For example, several single wavelength optical filters are available commercially from Optical Coating Laboratory, Incorporated, Santa Rosa, California.
  • Yet another approach involves a combination of neutral density filter and an antireflection coating. While this cuts down the reflected light, it also reduces the brightness and the resolution of the image.
  • U.S. Patent 5, 1 21 ,030 discloses absorption filters which contain a transparent substrate with a plurality of spatially separated areas that contain selective absorptive dye colorants. Since this requires spaced areas with different dye component therein, the construction of the filter is quite complex and difficult to manufacture in large quantities.
  • U.S. Patent 4,989,953 referred to above advocates the use of colored filters for monochromatic displays.
  • a magenta colored filter is used for CRTs with green phosphors
  • a blue colored filter is used for amber colored CRTs.
  • this concept is not much useful for color displays, because the blue filter, for example, will block out the red and/or green depending on the spectral characteristics of the filter.
  • neutral density filters absorb a substantial amount of the desired light
  • the displays using neutral density filters must be capable of producing intense light. This was one of the reasons for developing super bright phosphors for display applications. They increase the cost, however.
  • Another kind of display devices utilizes a plasma-generated ultraviolet light, which hits the phosphors and generate visible light for the display.
  • the phosphors still do not have high enough brightness. Therefore, neutral density filters cannot be used for plasma display applications since they will reduce the brightness still further. Instead, very expensive circular polarizer-based contrast enhancing filters are being used.
  • a band pass filter for contrast enhancement of a color display comprises a plurality of dyes and a polymer matrix, wherein the dyes are adapted to substantially selectively transmit predetermined primary color wavelengths of an electromagnetic visible spectrum as well as to selectively absorb wavelengths other than the predetermined primary color wavelengths.
  • the filters disclosed in that pending application are capable of being affixed to a monitor surface or act as a free-standing device. There may, however, be occasions when the monitor itself may be desired to act as a filter. This could be the case irrespective of whether the monitor is made of glass or plastic.
  • a CRT may utilize a glass monitor, while a flat panel display may be made from a suitable plastic material.
  • monitors may themselves be required to filter out undesired wavelengths, increase the contrast of the images and increase the color gamut of their output.
  • an object of this invention to provide a display monitor with a built-in filter for color displays to reduce light reflected off such displays.
  • Fig. 1 displays a typical reflectivity of a CRT color phosphor screen.
  • Fig. 2 displays the phosphor emission spectrum of a PAL ("Phase Alternating Line") system specified in European standard.
  • Fig. 3 shows the color space as an (x,y)-Chromaticity diagram for the PAL system calculated both with and without the inventive substrate as a part of monitor.
  • a display monitor with a built-in spectroscopically tuned multiple bandpass filter.
  • the filter is integrally incorporated into the monitor and enhances the contrast of the image as well as enlarges the color space without significantly affecting the brightness and resolution of the image.
  • the monitor thus comprises a glass or a suitable plastic substrate with one or more optically absorbing materials- dyes, pigments, metals, semimetals and the like- which are present in the glass or the plastic substrate matrix as small particles (typically less than or equal to 1 ⁇ m in diameter).
  • the substrate comprises dye or dyes in a plastic matrix
  • the dye or dyes may be blended in or dissolved in or absorbed into the plastic film.
  • the absorbing materials are adapted to substantially selectively transmit predetermined primary color wavelengths of an electromagnetic spectrum as well as to selectively absorb wavelengths other than said predetermined primary color wavelengths.
  • the word “spectrally tuned” refers to substantial selective transmission (at least 50 %) of the predetermined primary colors; the word “transparent” refers to at least 70% transmission of light of the electromagnetic spectrum which in the common case such as television display devices such as CRT, plasma displays and the like, is the visible light. In such a case, the primary colors are red, green and blue. Suitable plastics are described below.
  • the invention discloses a spectrally tuned multiple bandpass glass or plastic filter as a substrate for display monitor, specifically matched to the three primary colors, i.e., red, green, and blue.
  • the present inventive substrate for display monitor with a built-in bandpass filter allows one to expand the color gamut by adjusting the spectral bandwidth of the band pass windows in the respective wavelengths, thereby allowing more vivid and realistic colors on the CRT's. This is a significant improvement over current CRT technology.
  • the antireflection coating is chosen as not to affect the integrity of the monitor physically, chemically and optically.
  • Suitable antireflection coatings are described, for example, in U.S. Patent 5, 178,955.
  • a set of suitable pigments is mixed into a molten glass pool that is suitable for manufacturing the CRT front face plate and the mixture is converted into a glass monitor containing the pigments in it by known processes.
  • the front surface of the display monitor produced from this glass pool absorbs preferentially the unwanted wavelengths with minimal absorption of the primary colors.
  • the transmitted light is sharper and richer in the primary colors. Improvements in the color transmission in the primary colors to 20% and above compared to neutral density filters are obtained, while decrease in the transmission of the unwanted wavelengths to the extent of 50% is obtained.
  • the present invention discloses a display monitor incorporating a spectroscopically tuned multiple bandpass filter (notch filter) which substantially increases the transmission of the primary colors from a color display device while substantially reducing the reflected light of the non-primary colors, thereby improving the contrast and color gamut of the image for the viewers.
  • the monitor comprises a suitable substrate containing a set of suitable absorbing materials that sufficiently absorb the non-primary colors, without significantly affecting the primary colors. Sufficient absorption is generally over 20%, preferably over 50% and typically over 80%.
  • Suitable substrates are in general transparent glasses or polymeric materials depending on the types of the desired display.
  • Contrast from a display device screen is generally defined by the term 'contrast ratio'. Contrast ratio C is commonly defined by Equation ( 1 ) :
  • Equation 1 For displays with no contrast enhancing function, Equation 1 becomes
  • C 0 l p /l 0 R (2)
  • Co is the contrast without any contrast enhancing functionality in the display substrate
  • l p and l 0 are respectively the weighted spectroscopically averaged display light source intensity (e.g., phosphor emission intensity), and ambient light intensity without any contrast enhancing functionality
  • R is reflectivity from the display phosphor layers, i.e., the rear surface of the display substrate.
  • C can be increased by making l b arbitrarily small for a given display system.
  • l b very small
  • Display industries are therefore making an attempt to use a standardized ambient light condition in comparing display performance.
  • l s one can improve C.
  • display industry is working hard to increase l s . Since l s and l b are independent of contrast enhancing devices, normalized contrast ⁇ and display intensity ⁇ , and the figure-of-merits r are generally defined in order to compare the performance of contrast enhancing functions as given in Equations (6), (7) and (8):
  • the neutral density filters do not improve the real performance, but provide a trade-off between display brightness and contrast. In other words, they offer contrast enhancement at the expense of image brightness.
  • the monitor using the inventive substrate is capable of performing significantly better for both the NTSC ("National Television Systems Committee") and the PAL ("Phase Alternating Line") system specifications.
  • the reflectivity of a CRT color phosphor screen is shown in Fig. 1
  • the PAL system specification of the phosphor emission spectrum is shown in Fig. 2.
  • the spectral characteristics of the inventive filter for the PAL specification,_as shown by computer simulation, is also shown in Fig. 2, which shows that the calculated figure-of-merit T goes up at least 1 .3 times, while the brightness loss is only about 40%.
  • the invention discloses spectroscopically tuned glass filters as monitor for display applications.
  • the filters comprise suitable absorbing materials in a display glass substrate matrix. Suitable absorbing materials are those which selectively absorb undesired wavelengths without significantly absorbing the desired wavelengths. For example, absorption of yellow (about 590 nm) leads to output of blue (about 450 nm).
  • the desired wavelengths correspond to the three primary colors; red, blue and green. Suitable absorbing materials are described below.
  • the filters comprise suitable absorbing materials or dyes in a display polymeric substrate matrix.
  • suitable absorbing materials and dyes are those which selectively absorb undesired wavelengths without significantly absorbing the desired wavelengths.
  • the desired wavelengths correspond to the three primary colors: red, blue and green.
  • Yet another embodiment of the present invention discloses a process for preparing the spectrally tuned glass display monitor.
  • a set of suitable absorbing materials is directly incorporated into a suitable glass display substrate to sufficient concentration in order to effect sufficient absorption of the undesired wavelengths in the transmitted light. Sufficient absorption is generally over 20%, preferably over 50% and typically over 80%.
  • a set of suitable pigments is mixed into a molten glass pool that is suitable for manufacturing the
  • CRT front face plate and the glass monitor containing the pigments in it is manufactured by known processes.
  • the front surface of the monitor produced from this glass pool absorbs preferentially the unwanted wavelengths with minimal absorption of the primary colors.
  • Another way of manufacturing the spectrally tuned substrates for monitors is by using a suitable staining process such as, for example, stained glass manufacturing process which is well known in the glass industry.
  • a suitable staining process such as, for example, stained glass manufacturing process which is well known in the glass industry.
  • a set of carefully chosen sub-micron metallic particles of gold with diameters on the order of 100 Angstroms are dispersed into molten glass pool with the particle concentration in the range of 1 to 1 00 ppm. The concentration depends on the thickness of the glass to be made.
  • Curved front plate of CRT and flat glass sheets for plasma displays with thickness of a few millimeters are made.
  • Spectral tuning is achieved by the size distribution of gold particles.
  • the absorbing materials or dyes may be diffused into a suitable polymeric substrate as a film.
  • a suitable polymeric substrate are optically transparent polymers such as, for example, polyesters (e.g., polyethylene terephthalate or PET, polybutylene terephthalate or PBT), polyacrylates, polyolefins, polycarbonate, cellulose acetate, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (“ABS”) and the like.
  • polyesters e.g., polyethylene terephthalate or PET, polybutylene terephthalate or PBT
  • polyacrylates polyolefins
  • polycarbonate cellulose acetate
  • polyvinyl chloride polystyrene
  • ABS acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene
  • a PET film of suitable thickness for a monitor may be treated with a solution of suitable dyes in a solvent that dissolves the dyes and transports them into the PET film without deleteriously affecting the integrity of the polymer film.
  • the selected dyes may be mixed with the PET resin and the mixture may then be cast or extruded or injected or treated by similar such methods to form a PET film containing the dyes therein.
  • Such methods and modifications are well known to those skilled in the art of polymer processing.
  • the inventive contrast enhancing substrates offer an additional advantage over the conventional devices for the contrast enhancement.
  • the color gamut which is a rough calculation for total color space, is significantly improved with the inventive substrates, as shown by calculations and computer simulation. The images thus are sharper and brighter. Fig.
  • FIG. 3 shows the color space for the PAL system both with the inventive monitors and with a conventional monitor with neutral density filter.
  • the color space is enlarged by as much as 50 % more than in the typical PAL CRT.
  • the color coordinates of the CRT with conventional substrates are (0.62, 0.33), (0.28, 0.58) and (0.1 6,
  • inventive monitors With the inventive monitors, the same coordinates are expanded to (0.69, 0.29), (0.1 5, 0.77) and (0.1 7, 0.03) respectively, thus demonstrating that the inventive substrates not only enhance the contrast of the images but also offer much brighter and sharper primary colors. Such advantages enhance the utility of the CRT as well as the other display devices such as plasma displays and the like, when the inventive monitors are part of the display.
  • Suitable metals for the glass include, for example, gold, silver, copper, aluminum and nickel as well as alloys such as, for example, bronze.
  • suitable semimetals include arsenic, antimony, bismuth,ippoontite, selenium, tellurium, La 3 Se 4 , GeTc, SnTc and SrTiO 3 .
  • Suitable inorganic colorants include commercially available materials such as, for example, Prussian Blue, lead chromate, chromium oxide, silver chromate, ultramarine blue, manganese violet, cobalt violet, cadmium orange, cadmium sulfoselenide, nickel complexes, molybdenum oxide, iron oxide, cobalt salts, cerium salts, nickel salts, copper salts and the like.
  • Suitable organic pigments and dyes include flavanthrone, rhodamine, Victoria Blue, Methyl Violet, Persian Orange, Pigment Yellow, Pigment Red, Azo dyes, thioindigo pigments, perylenes, anthraquinones, phthalocyanines, porphyrins, anisidines, disperse dyes, indanthrones, sulfoflavines, vat dyes and the like.
  • the particle sizes suitable in the practice of the invention range generally from 0.01 -100 ⁇ m.
  • the particle shapes may be spherical, acicular, needle-like, laminar, platy and the like.
  • Suitable glasses include borosilicate glass, sodalime glass, aluminosilicate glass, borate glass, phosphate glass, oxide glasses, chalcogenide glass, halide glass, metallic glass and the like.
  • concentration of the absorbing material in the glass or polymer matrix is effective enough to result in absorption of over 20%, preferably over 50% and typically over 80% of the undesired wavelengths; sometimes as low as 1 ppm concentration is sufficient to effect such absorption and sometimes one may need concentrations in the order of 1 weight percent of the absorbing material in the matrix.

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  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un afficheur à réglage spectroscopique accroissant le contraste, la brillance et l'étendue des couleurs des images apparaissant sur un écran couleur. L'afficheur comporte des matériaux absorbants idoines disposés dans une matrice-substrat de verre ou de polymère. Ces afficheurs sont notamment destinés aux appareils à tubes cathodiques, à écrans au plasma etc.
PCT/US1998/010776 1997-07-01 1998-06-09 Substrats pour afficheurs video munis de filtres multi-passe-bandes a reglage spectroscopique integre Ceased WO1999001883A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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US88678297A 1997-07-01 1997-07-01
US08/886,782 1997-07-01

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WO1999001883A1 true WO1999001883A1 (fr) 1999-01-14

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1077469A3 (fr) * 1999-08-19 2001-05-02 Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. Tube à rayons cathodiques
EP1058285A3 (fr) * 1999-05-31 2001-05-02 Samsung SDI Co. Ltd. Tube à rayons cathodiques
US6638624B2 (en) 2000-05-22 2003-10-28 Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation Squarylium dye and filter for display device
US6891322B2 (en) 2001-02-06 2005-05-10 Samsung Sdi, Co., Ltd. Filter layer for a display, a method of preparing a filter layer for a display and a display including a filter layer

Citations (11)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1514825A1 (de) * 1965-06-23 1969-08-14 Telefunken Patent Kathodenstrahlroehre
US4086089A (en) * 1977-03-17 1978-04-25 Corning Glass Works Method for producing tri-color screens for television picture tubes
FR2426974A1 (fr) * 1978-05-25 1979-12-21 Westinghouse Electric Corp Tube cathodique d'affichage
EP0041339A1 (fr) * 1980-05-29 1981-12-09 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Tube à rayons cathodiques en couleurs
GB2093268A (en) * 1981-02-13 1982-08-25 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Cathode ray tube
US4504616A (en) * 1982-07-30 1985-03-12 Kyowa Gas Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Neodymium-containing transparent resin and method for manufacture thereof
US4581561A (en) * 1982-12-17 1986-04-08 Zenith Electronics Corporation High contrast cathode ray tube with integrated filter
EP0350995A2 (fr) * 1988-07-11 1990-01-17 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Tube d'affichage de télévision par projection et dispositif ayant un filtre d'interférence à bande passante
WO1990013906A1 (fr) * 1989-05-03 1990-11-15 Honeywell Inc. Filtre d'absorption pour dispositifs d'affichage en couleur
EP0613167A2 (fr) * 1993-02-26 1994-08-31 Sony Corporation Dispositif d'affichage
WO1998023980A1 (fr) * 1996-11-25 1998-06-04 Hoechst Celanese Corporation Filtres passe-bande multiples a accord spectral pour affichages video

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1514825A1 (de) * 1965-06-23 1969-08-14 Telefunken Patent Kathodenstrahlroehre
US4086089A (en) * 1977-03-17 1978-04-25 Corning Glass Works Method for producing tri-color screens for television picture tubes
FR2426974A1 (fr) * 1978-05-25 1979-12-21 Westinghouse Electric Corp Tube cathodique d'affichage
EP0041339A1 (fr) * 1980-05-29 1981-12-09 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Tube à rayons cathodiques en couleurs
GB2093268A (en) * 1981-02-13 1982-08-25 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Cathode ray tube
US4504616A (en) * 1982-07-30 1985-03-12 Kyowa Gas Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Neodymium-containing transparent resin and method for manufacture thereof
US4581561A (en) * 1982-12-17 1986-04-08 Zenith Electronics Corporation High contrast cathode ray tube with integrated filter
EP0350995A2 (fr) * 1988-07-11 1990-01-17 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Tube d'affichage de télévision par projection et dispositif ayant un filtre d'interférence à bande passante
WO1990013906A1 (fr) * 1989-05-03 1990-11-15 Honeywell Inc. Filtre d'absorption pour dispositifs d'affichage en couleur
EP0613167A2 (fr) * 1993-02-26 1994-08-31 Sony Corporation Dispositif d'affichage
WO1998023980A1 (fr) * 1996-11-25 1998-06-04 Hoechst Celanese Corporation Filtres passe-bande multiples a accord spectral pour affichages video

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
G. BAN ET AL.: "enhancing the brightness capability of color-tv receivers through the use of a spectrally selective tinted glass", JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY, vol. 116, no. 4, April 1969 (1969-04-01), pages 531 - 534, XP002078007 *

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1058285A3 (fr) * 1999-05-31 2001-05-02 Samsung SDI Co. Ltd. Tube à rayons cathodiques
US6479928B1 (en) 1999-05-31 2002-11-12 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Cathode ray tube
KR100453188B1 (ko) * 1999-05-31 2004-10-15 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 콘트라스트가 향상된 음극선관 및 그 제조방법
EP1077469A3 (fr) * 1999-08-19 2001-05-02 Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. Tube à rayons cathodiques
US6366012B1 (en) 1999-08-19 2002-04-02 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Cathode ray tube having a light absorbing filter layer formed on a glass panel thereof
US6638624B2 (en) 2000-05-22 2003-10-28 Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation Squarylium dye and filter for display device
US6891322B2 (en) 2001-02-06 2005-05-10 Samsung Sdi, Co., Ltd. Filter layer for a display, a method of preparing a filter layer for a display and a display including a filter layer

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