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WO1998031146A1 - Car cam - Google Patents

Car cam Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998031146A1
WO1998031146A1 PCT/US1997/012129 US9712129W WO9831146A1 WO 1998031146 A1 WO1998031146 A1 WO 1998031146A1 US 9712129 W US9712129 W US 9712129W WO 9831146 A1 WO9831146 A1 WO 9831146A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
data
triggering
information
comprised
recording
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1997/012129
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Frank L. Hodgson
Original Assignee
Hodgson Frank L
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hodgson Frank L filed Critical Hodgson Frank L
Priority to AU37982/97A priority Critical patent/AU3798297A/en
Publication of WO1998031146A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998031146A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C5/00—Registering or indicating the working of vehicles
    • G07C5/08—Registering or indicating performance data other than driving, working, idle, or waiting time, with or without registering driving, working, idle or waiting time
    • G07C5/0841—Registering performance data
    • G07C5/085—Registering performance data using electronic data carriers
    • G07C5/0866—Registering performance data using electronic data carriers the electronic data carrier being a digital video recorder in combination with video camera
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/698—Control of cameras or camera modules for achieving an enlarged field of view, e.g. panoramic image capture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/18—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast
    • H04N7/183—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast for receiving images from a single remote source

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to the field of recording devices and more particularly to documentary type recording devices for commercial, engineering and scientific purposes. It also relates to the recording of information relating to infrequent events, it can document situations in order to establish the sequential facts of rare and infrequent events. In one specific appication, It can be used to document an automobile or truck accident it can document with great particularity an automobile accident and the circumstances which led to the accident. It thereby also can frequently establish legal liabilities, if any, of those involved.
  • the present invention permits the acquisition of data at high rates, salvaging this critical information when a specific event occurs together with the data captured just prior to the event. This is accomplished by the present invention by recording continuously on an infinite loop or a similar media and by continuously discarding all but the most recent data The triggering event causes the recent historical data and the current data to be permanently salvaged.
  • One specific use of the present invention is for the documentation of automobile accidents.
  • Such a system utilizes a pair of 360 degree optical systems, one outside on top of the roof of the vehicle and one inside of the vehicle on the bottom of the roof.
  • These optical, video and/or et ⁇ tronic inputs are recorded together as a continuous signal on an infinite loop video recorder or on an equivalent CCD computer memory, in the preferred embodiment of the system, triggering is to be realized by manual means, as a result of impact, and or by association with an air bag system and/or a security system.
  • the system system automatically saves 40 seconds just prior to the accident and 40 seconds after triggering.
  • Several sets of triggering can be permitted before the permanent storage is filled.
  • the permanent storage can be made nonerasible. i. NOT FURNISHED UPON FILING
  • a data acquisition system which is comprised of a recording device, one or more triggering means, and salvage means for recent and current data.
  • the system records information at the very highest possible data rates on a continuously reusable media such as a CCD computer memory or on a continuous loop video system so that the triggering event of interest salvages current information and information which just precedes the triggering event.
  • This process therefore allows for the documentation of the critical circumstances which frequently precede serious accidents, disruptions of a production process and/or infrequent events which are otherwise difficult to document accurately.
  • a typical application is the use of the system to document automobile accidents. This is accomplished with a recording device mounted on and/or within a vehicle so as to allow a panoramic view of the local environment Inside and outside of the vehicle while recording at the highest data rates reasonably possible.
  • triggering is to be realized by manual means, as a result of impact, and or by association with an air bag system and/or a security system. The triggering act results in the salvage of both recently acquired data and current data.
  • the system allows for accurate documentation of details of interest which normally escape notice and/or which are easily forgotten.
  • the present invention is a system comprised of a recording device, monitoring means, logic control means and triggering input. It permits the recording and salvage of information captured prior to the triggering event as well as data associated with an event itself. The present invention thereby permits the acquisition of the maximum possible amount of data at the time of triggering. The collection and preservation of data acquired just prior to the occurrence of an event is accomplished by recording continuously on a reusable media such as CCD computer memory or a continuous loop magnetic tape. All but the most recent data is continuously discarded. To understand the range of applications and the details of implementing the present invention, reference is made to the drawings.
  • Figure 1 presents a data processing flow diagram for the capture of data.
  • Figures 2 and 11 present the processing of data in a flow diagram.
  • Figures 6, 7, 8, 9, 13 and 14 a typical and representative light beam path is designated by the general reference number 20.
  • Figure 3 presents a schematic side view of an automobile 9 with a lens system designated by the general reference number 1 mounted on the top of the car 9.
  • Figure 4 presents a schematic side view of a truck 10 and trailer 11 with a lens system 1 mounted on the top of the cab 10 and on the rear top end of the trailer 11.
  • Figure 5 presents a schematic view of the interior of an automobile 9 with lens systems 1 mounted on the under side of the top of the roof.
  • Figure 6 presents a schematic view of a lens system 1 utilizing reflecting mirrors 17 with a camera 19, all of which rotate about a vertical axis to give a substantially horizontal panoramic view.
  • Figure 7 presents a schematic view of an annular lens system as a part of a lens system 1.
  • Figure 8 presents a schematic view of a fisheye lens 14.
  • Figure 9 presents a schematic view of a fiber optic system 2 which leads the incident light beam 20 downward to a central collecting site, here represented by a camera 19.
  • Figure 10 presents a flow diagram of the logic of a recording system.
  • Figure 11 presents a flow diagram of the logic of a post processing system which produces mapped output 32, 34.
  • Figure 12 presents a schematic plan view of the mapped output, from inside or outside a vehicle showing the radial viewing sectors 35 from a central viewing point for each of the views 36 giving a full 360 degree panoramic view in a substantially horizontal plane.
  • Figure 13 shows a schematic view of a rotating mirror 37 as part of an optical system with a fixed or rotating camera 19.
  • Figure 14. Shows a schematic view of a mapping procedure in which the camera 19 is logically or physically set to create a standard presentation of information representing, in time, a single visual sector 35.
  • Figure 15 shows a schematic view of a manual trigger system.
  • Figure 16 shows a schematic view of a triggering system 29 using an accelerator/decelerator sensor 40.
  • Figure 17 shows a schematic view of a triggering system 29 using a security system sensor 42.
  • Figure 18 shows a schematic view of a triggering system 29 by using a deformation sensor 45.
  • Figure 19 shows a schematic view of a triggering system 29 using an air bag system sensor 41.
  • Figure 20 presents a schematic view of a radial data sweep for digital signal processing.
  • the preferred embodiment of the present invention as used with a Car Cam is to use an inner annular or conicoid 18 mirror to form a central image 48 from the optical system on the inside of the roof of the car 9 and an outer annular or conicoid mirror 18 to form a surrounding image 49 from the optical system on the top of the car 9.
  • the sweep 47 as shown can be in either direction and can be sequentially at incrementally increasing or decreasing radii or can be in a spiral.
  • Table 1 presents the critical control variables for a system.
  • the variables listed therein are T P , in seconds, T F , in seconds and, N El the maximum number of events which can be recorded.
  • T P the amount of time prior to an event
  • T F the amount of time prior to an event
  • N E the number of times the system can be triggered
  • the preferred embodiment of the present invention stores a maximum amount of pertinent data before, during and after an event.
  • the Car Cam For automobiles, buses and trucks, the best presently known mode for carrying out the present invention is the Car Cam. With the present invention the very highest possible data acquisition rates can be used. With careful design, the data obtained can be of superb quality. Strong and compelling evidence of the facts which caused an auto accident can be obtained with this system. It utilizes a lens systems 1 inside and outside of a vehicle 9, 10, 11 and will record events on a continuous basis, even when the vehicle 9, 10, 11 is parked.
  • the great value of the present invention is this unique ability to document the events which precede an accident. With it, the environment in which an accident occurred and the related actions of the participants no longer needs to be established by relying upon the measurement of skid marks, wreckage and oral testimony. The negligence of participants and/or the failure of equipment, if any, which may have caused an accident thus can be shown clearly and routinely by utilizing the present invention.
  • the preferred embodiment of the Car Cam has an optical lens system 1 which provides a 360 degree exterior view from the top of the roof of a car 9 and a 360 degree interior view from the inside of the of the car 9 centered under the roof.
  • T Pl and 40 seconds after triggering should normally suffice to document the critical facts. This can be augmented by the driver by manual triggering to extend the basic recording period.
  • the precise type of optical system to be used can employ a wide variety of technologies.
  • view from both the interior and exterior view are stored as a single continuous input to a suitable recording device.
  • This method of storage or mapping can be with conducted beams of light such as with a fisheye lens 14, with a fiber optic system 2, or with flat 17, 37 or curved mirrors 18 or with combinations of these.
  • the use of fixed optical elements is generally preferable over a rotating system.
  • Annular or conicoid mirrors 18 therefore are preferred and offer special advantages, as the regions directly below and directly above such a lens system 1 normally will not be of much interest.
  • These annular or conicoid mirrors 18 have the general form of curved sections of a cone and have the advantage of allowing the efficient documentation of a full 360 degree panoramic view.
  • a fiber optic system 2 can be used to provide an equally acceptable result.
  • the triggering of the Car Cam system can be manual 38, 39, by reason of sensors which respond to excessive acceleration or deceleration 40, by collateral triggering from an air bag system 18 and/or by a deformation sensor 45 which responds to the deformation of an exterior body part 43 caused by a deforming force 46.
  • the exterior body parts are typically bumpers, fenders and door panels.
  • the triggering also can be associated with a standard car security system 41.
  • the compaction in data for this application is conservatively estimated at about 100,000 to 1. This is roughly based on the estimate of 4 useful years of life for a car and an average of 6 incidents over that period with 80 seconds of data per incident.
  • the triggering event 23 triggers the sensor trigger 29 as shown in Figure 10 thereby signaling the computer 24 that previously recorded data 22, 25 should be saved.
  • a decision is made S1 to save the old data which extends back in time for a period of T P seconds and to salvage information S2 for T F seconds following the triggering.
  • the computer checks S3 to determine if the permanent storage 22, 25 is full and if so whether to quit S4 or whether to replace or renew S5 the permanent storage 25 in which case, the computer resets S6 the sensor trigger 29 and continues to monitor the environment.
  • the processing/recording device 22 and the permanent storage 25 may be the same device or may be separate devices as shown in Figure 10.
  • the ability to capture information which precedes a triggering event creates a look-back capability which has many advantages.
  • the information saved relates exclusively to the event itself and therefore very high data collection rates can be utilized. Of equal importance is the avoidance of having to collect and process large quantities of information in order to obtain comparable detail.
  • the present invention thus efficiently documents the circumstances which precede an event as well as the event itself and subsequent developments. This ability to provide detailed documentation of unusual or dangerous situations which lead to major financial losses or to serious accidents is of critical importance. This is with regard to establishing liability and causation and as a guide to avoiding future incidents of a similar nature.
  • Industrial applications of the present invention include process control and quality control functions. Such a monitoring application is of particular significance when documenting infrequent events.
  • the monitoring of continuous production activities is an excellent example of an application which would greatly benefit from use of the present invention.
  • the type of data which can be acquired spans the full range of that of concern in industrial production and control situations. Its use in the evaluation of processes and in dedicated applications in which quality control is critical. Such evaluations will benefit from the insight which can be drawn from the relatively great amount of data which can be obtained when recording infrequent and adverse events with this system.
  • Any generally used monitoring or sensing device which produces a signal due to a change in an environmental condition can be used to trigger the monitoring system. These types of signals can be used in conjunction with periodic sampling approaches to data acquisition.
  • the present invention can be a device to record a single media or can record multimedia to include video data, audio data, pressure data, humidity data, equipment status data, dynamic production data, deformation data, earthquake data and data acquired on a periodic basis.
  • multimedia to include video data, audio data, pressure data, humidity data, equipment status data, dynamic production data, deformation data, earthquake data and data acquired on a periodic basis.
  • type of data acquired is unrestricted both as to variety and as to combinations of data types.
  • the triggering event can be manual; by setting the triggering to be a function of time, tide, sunrise or sunset; preset by computer or otherwise; by satisfying threshold boundary conditions or rates of change as to chemical and/or physical state or condition; by physical shock or impact; by electrical current or electrical charge; by rate of change such as acceleration or deceleration sensors; and by parasitic triggering based on input from another source.
  • the triggering also can be made to occur when critical production tolerances or values are exceeded.
  • the prefened general method of using the stored data created by the Car Cam is to create a set of 8 interior video/films 32 and 8 exterior video films 34. These are obtained by a reverse mapping 30 process which can utilize optical elements comparable to those which created the composite signal 1, 2, 17, 18, 37 or by utilization of standard digital signal processing means. In either case, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the end result is two sets of eight video or films 32, 34 each of which has a horizontal field of view 35 of slightly in excess of 45 degrees. Each video or film slightly overlaps the ones on either side.
  • the post processing system can be optical, electronic or a combination of both optical and electronic.
  • the permanent storage 22, 25 is shown as providing input to the optical/digital signal processing means 30 which in the preferred embodiment of the present invention having combined the interior and exterior signals, now separates these to produce two sets of 8 overlapping views 32, 34; one 34 from outside the automobile 9 form the top of the roof and one 32 from the interior from the inside top of the roof.
  • Figure 12 shows the angle 35 covered by each viewing segment which in the preferred embodiment is slightly more than 45 degrees, the direction of viewing being shown by arrows 36.
  • the reverse mapping process can combine the inside mapping 31 the outside mapping 33 into one operation as shown in Figure 2.
  • mapping 31 , 33 into video or film 32, 34 will result in a fair amount of information which may not be of interest, however ordinary editing means 35 can be used to edit the material 32, 34 and thus to produce a short video or film 36 which presents the important information.
  • this approach is reasonable, economical and accurate.
  • the reverse mapping must be suited to the final uses to which the information will be put and upon the manner in which the initial data was created.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Studio Devices (AREA)
  • Time Recorders, Dirve Recorders, Access Control (AREA)

Abstract

A system which is comprised of a recording device, a triggering element, and salvage means for recent and current data. A typical application being the use of the device to document automobile accidents. This is accomplished with a recording device (1) mounted on or within a vehicle (2) or in a static position (3) so as to allow a wide view of the local environment (4) and which is or which may be of interest whereby the recording device operates continuously and records the data which describes, in video or other format, a broad field of view thereby permitting the recording device to be triggered (5) by manual and/or other means (6) so that the act of triggering salvages the recording (7) made for a period of time just prior to the triggering and for a period after said triggering (8). The purpose is initially to document those details of interest which normally escape notice and/or which are easily forgotten and which relate to the facts which indicate liability, error and/or oversight.

Description

CAR CAM Field of Invention
This invention relates generally to the field of recording devices and more particularly to documentary type recording devices for commercial, engineering and scientific purposes. It also relates to the recording of information relating to infrequent events, it can document situations in order to establish the sequential facts of rare and infrequent events. In one specific appication, It can be used to document an automobile or truck accident it can document with great particularity an automobile accident and the circumstances which led to the accident. It thereby also can frequently establish legal liabilities, if any, of those involved.
The present invention permits the acquisition of data at high rates, salvaging this critical information when a specific event occurs together with the data captured just prior to the event. This is accomplished by the present invention by recording continuously on an infinite loop or a similar media and by continuously discarding all but the most recent data The triggering event causes the recent historical data and the current data to be permanently salvaged.
One specific use of the present invention is for the documentation of automobile accidents. Such a system utilizes a pair of 360 degree optical systems, one outside on top of the roof of the vehicle and one inside of the vehicle on the bottom of the roof. These optical, video and/or etøtronic inputs are recorded together as a continuous signal on an infinite loop video recorder or on an equivalent CCD computer memory, in the preferred embodiment of the system, triggering is to be realized by manual means, as a result of impact, and or by association with an air bag system and/or a security system.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the system system automatically saves 40 seconds just prior to the accident and 40 seconds after triggering. Several sets of triggering can be permitted before the permanent storage is filled. The permanent storage can be made nonerasible. i. NOT FURNISHED UPON FILING
NO PRESENT ADO(A) EN EL MOMENTO DE LA PRESENT ACION
NON SOUMIS(E) AU MOMENT DU DEPOT
Summary of the Invention
A data acquisition system which is comprised of a recording device, one or more triggering means, and salvage means for recent and current data.
The system records information at the very highest possible data rates on a continuously reusable media such as a CCD computer memory or on a continuous loop video system so that the triggering event of interest salvages current information and information which just precedes the triggering event. This process therefore allows for the documentation of the critical circumstances which frequently precede serious accidents, disruptions of a production process and/or infrequent events which are otherwise difficult to document accurately.
A typical application is the use of the system to document automobile accidents. This is accomplished with a recording device mounted on and/or within a vehicle so as to allow a panoramic view of the local environment Inside and outside of the vehicle while recording at the highest data rates reasonably possible. In the preferred embodiment of the system, triggering is to be realized by manual means, as a result of impact, and or by association with an air bag system and/or a security system. The triggering act results in the salvage of both recently acquired data and current data. The system allows for accurate documentation of details of interest which normally escape notice and/or which are easily forgotten.
These and other objects an advantages of the present Invention will become clear to those skilled in the art in view of the description of the best presently known mode of carrying out the intention and the applicability of the preferred embodiment as described here in and as illustrated in the several figures of the drawings. Description of the Drawings
1. A flow diagram of a data recording system
2. A data processing flow diagram
3. A side view of an automobile
4. A side view of a truck and trailer
5. An interior side view of an automobile
6. A schematic view of a camera system
7. A schematic view of a lens system
8. A schematic view of a lens system.
9. A schematic view of a lens system
10. A flow diagram presenting the logic of a recording system
11. A flow diagram presenting the logic of a postprocessing system
12. A schematic diagram in plan view of segment views mapped, by reconstructing data, into multiple views.
13. A schematic side view of a rotating lens system and camera with mirror.
14. A schematic side view of reverse mapping using an annular lens.
15. A schematic view of a βensor trigger device with manual trigger.
16. A schematic view of a sensor/trigger device with acclerator/deacceierator sensing trigger.
17. A schematic view of a sensor/trigger device with security system trigger.
18. A schematic view of a sensor trigger device with air bag system trigger.
19. A schematic view of a sensor/trigger device with deformation sensor trigger.
20. A schematic view of a radial data sweep for digital signal processing. Specification
The present invention is a system comprised of a recording device, monitoring means, logic control means and triggering input. It permits the recording and salvage of information captured prior to the triggering event as well as data associated with an event itself. The present invention thereby permits the acquisition of the maximum possible amount of data at the time of triggering. The collection and preservation of data acquired just prior to the occurrence of an event is accomplished by recording continuously on a reusable media such as CCD computer memory or a continuous loop magnetic tape. All but the most recent data is continuously discarded. To understand the range of applications and the details of implementing the present invention, reference is made to the drawings.
Referring particularly to the figures wherein like-referenced numbers have been applied to like-parts throughout the description, Figure 1 presents a data processing flow diagram for the capture of data. Figures 2 and 11 present the processing of data in a flow diagram. In Figures 6, 7, 8, 9, 13 and 14 a typical and representative light beam path is designated by the general reference number 20. Figure 3 presents a schematic side view of an automobile 9 with a lens system designated by the general reference number 1 mounted on the top of the car 9. Figure 4 presents a schematic side view of a truck 10 and trailer 11 with a lens system 1 mounted on the top of the cab 10 and on the rear top end of the trailer 11. Figure 5 presents a schematic view of the interior of an automobile 9 with lens systems 1 mounted on the under side of the top of the roof. Figure 6 presents a schematic view of a lens system 1 utilizing reflecting mirrors 17 with a camera 19, all of which rotate about a vertical axis to give a substantially horizontal panoramic view. Figure 7 presents a schematic view of an annular lens system as a part of a lens system 1. Figure 8 presents a schematic view of a fisheye lens 14. Figure 9 presents a schematic view of a fiber optic system 2 which leads the incident light beam 20 downward to a central collecting site, here represented by a camera 19. Figure 10 presents a flow diagram of the logic of a recording system. Figure 11 presents a flow diagram of the logic of a post processing system which produces mapped output 32, 34. Figure 12 presents a schematic plan view of the mapped output, from inside or outside a vehicle showing the radial viewing sectors 35 from a central viewing point for each of the views 36 giving a full 360 degree panoramic view in a substantially horizontal plane. Figure 13 shows a schematic view of a rotating mirror 37 as part of an optical system with a fixed or rotating camera 19. Figure 14. Shows a schematic view of a mapping procedure in which the camera 19 is logically or physically set to create a standard presentation of information representing, in time, a single visual sector 35.
Figure 15 shows a schematic view of a manual trigger system. Figure 16 shows a schematic view of a triggering system 29 using an accelerator/decelerator sensor 40. Figure 17 shows a schematic view of a triggering system 29 using a security system sensor 42. Figure 18 shows a schematic view of a triggering system 29 by using a deformation sensor 45. Figure 19 shows a schematic view of a triggering system 29 using an air bag system sensor 41.
Figure 20 presents a schematic view of a radial data sweep for digital signal processing. Given the proximity of the inner optical system, the preferred embodiment of the present invention as used with a Car Cam is to use an inner annular or conicoid 18 mirror to form a central image 48 from the optical system on the inside of the roof of the car 9 and an outer annular or conicoid mirror 18 to form a surrounding image 49 from the optical system on the top of the car 9. The sweep 47 as shown can be in either direction and can be sequentially at incrementally increasing or decreasing radii or can be in a spiral.
Table 1 presents the critical control variables for a system. In particular, the variables listed therein are TP , in seconds, TF, in seconds and, NEl the maximum number of events which can be recorded. These variables determine the basic characteristics of a given system. They are the amount of time prior to an event, TP, which will be salvaged by a triggering event; the amount of time, TP, during which data will be collected following triggering and the number of times the system can be triggered, NE, which is related to the first two variables and the storage capacity of the system. The preferred embodiment of the present invention stores a maximum amount of pertinent data before, during and after an event.
Best Mode for Carrying Out Invention - Installation in Vehicles
For automobiles, buses and trucks, the best presently known mode for carrying out the present invention is the Car Cam. With the present invention the very highest possible data acquisition rates can be used. With careful design, the data obtained can be of superb quality. Strong and compelling evidence of the facts which caused an auto accident can be obtained with this system. It utilizes a lens systems 1 inside and outside of a vehicle 9, 10, 11 and will record events on a continuous basis, even when the vehicle 9, 10, 11 is parked.
The great value of the present invention is this unique ability to document the events which precede an accident. With it, the environment in which an accident occurred and the related actions of the participants no longer needs to be established by relying upon the measurement of skid marks, wreckage and oral testimony. The negligence of participants and/or the failure of equipment, if any, which may have caused an accident thus can be shown clearly and routinely by utilizing the present invention.
With this system, substantial savings can be realized by reducing the basic uncertainty as to the important facts which caused an auto accident. The documentation of hit-and-run accidents, the avoidance of fraud and the determination of issues of fault without litigation all constitute large potential savings for the general public. The system can be produced in quantity at a commercially reasonable cost. The preferred embodiment of the Car Cam has an optical lens system 1 which provides a 360 degree exterior view from the top of the roof of a car 9 and a 360 degree interior view from the inside of the of the car 9 centered under the roof.
As most car accidents are of short duration, a time period of 40 seconds before the triggering, TPl and 40 seconds after triggering, TF, should normally suffice to document the critical facts. This can be augmented by the driver by manual triggering to extend the basic recording period.
The precise type of optical system to be used can employ a wide variety of technologies. The preferred embodiment, view from both the interior and exterior view are stored as a single continuous input to a suitable recording device. This method of storage or mapping can be with conducted beams of light such as with a fisheye lens 14, with a fiber optic system 2, or with flat 17, 37 or curved mirrors 18 or with combinations of these. The use of fixed optical elements is generally preferable over a rotating system. Annular or conicoid mirrors 18 therefore are preferred and offer special advantages, as the regions directly below and directly above such a lens system 1 normally will not be of much interest. These annular or conicoid mirrors 18 have the general form of curved sections of a cone and have the advantage of allowing the efficient documentation of a full 360 degree panoramic view. In general, a fiber optic system 2 can be used to provide an equally acceptable result.
It is understood that for trucks 10 and other large vehicles, additional monitors are needed. These can conveniently be mounted on the top rear of the truck 10, trailer 11 or other large vehicle. Monitors on the side of a truck 10 can also be considered. In some instances, the point of view of the lens system 1 can be elevated by means of a stalk or extension away from the vehicle. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, this normally is not required. The triggering of the Car Cam system can be manual 38, 39, by reason of sensors which respond to excessive acceleration or deceleration 40, by collateral triggering from an air bag system 18 and/or by a deformation sensor 45 which responds to the deformation of an exterior body part 43 caused by a deforming force 46. The exterior body parts are typically bumpers, fenders and door panels. The triggering also can be associated with a standard car security system 41.
The compaction in data for this application is conservatively estimated at about 100,000 to 1. This is roughly based on the estimate of 4 useful years of life for a car and an average of 6 incidents over that period with 80 seconds of data per incident.
It is understood that various combinations of the foregoing monitoring means can be used to capture the incident light rays and to preserve them as is well understood with existing means such as camcorders, movie cameras, video cameras and comparable recording devices The following description of the logic used applies equally to all of the lens systems 1 shown. Triggering and Recording Sequence
The triggering event 23 triggers the sensor trigger 29 as shown in Figure 10 thereby signaling the computer 24 that previously recorded data 22, 25 should be saved. Upon determination by the computer 24 that this is possible, a decision is made S1 to save the old data which extends back in time for a period of TP seconds and to salvage information S2 for TF seconds following the triggering. The computer then checks S3 to determine if the permanent storage 22, 25 is full and if so whether to quit S4 or whether to replace or renew S5 the permanent storage 25 in which case, the computer resets S6 the sensor trigger 29 and continues to monitor the environment. It being understood that the processing/recording device 22 and the permanent storage 25 may be the same device or may be separate devices as shown in Figure 10. When a number of events is to be stored on a single storage medium or unit, a count, NF| must be checked and incremented to insure that the available storage is not exceeded.
The ability to capture information which precedes a triggering event creates a look-back capability which has many advantages. The information saved relates exclusively to the event itself and therefore very high data collection rates can be utilized. Of equal importance is the avoidance of having to collect and process large quantities of information in order to obtain comparable detail.
The present invention thus efficiently documents the circumstances which precede an event as well as the event itself and subsequent developments. This ability to provide detailed documentation of unusual or dangerous situations which lead to major financial losses or to serious accidents is of critical importance. This is with regard to establishing liability and causation and as a guide to avoiding future incidents of a similar nature. Industrial Applications
Industrial applications of the present invention include process control and quality control functions. Such a monitoring application is of particular significance when documenting infrequent events. The monitoring of continuous production activities is an excellent example of an application which would greatly benefit from use of the present invention. Generally the type of data which can be acquired spans the full range of that of concern in industrial production and control situations. Its use in the evaluation of processes and in dedicated applications in which quality control is critical. Such evaluations will benefit from the insight which can be drawn from the relatively great amount of data which can be obtained when recording infrequent and adverse events with this system.
Any generally used monitoring or sensing device which produces a signal due to a change in an environmental condition can be used to trigger the monitoring system. These types of signals can be used in conjunction with periodic sampling approaches to data acquisition.
Scientific Applications
Scientific laboratory work and field work both can benefit from the great efficiency of this system. The documentation of many types of rare or infrequent events becomes a practical approach when using this system. Special Applications
Applications which utilize the acquisition of data other than information from the visible spectra are also anticipated by the present invention. Data which is drawn from the ultraviolet, X-ray and infrared spectra are equally amenable to the use of this efficient monitoring system. In general, the collection of scientific, industrial and/or experimental data of a technical nature will generally benefit from the use of the present invention. Other Applications
The present invention can be a device to record a single media or can record multimedia to include video data, audio data, pressure data, humidity data, equipment status data, dynamic production data, deformation data, earthquake data and data acquired on a periodic basis. In general the type of data acquired is unrestricted both as to variety and as to combinations of data types.
The triggering event can be manual; by setting the triggering to be a function of time, tide, sunrise or sunset; preset by computer or otherwise; by satisfying threshold boundary conditions or rates of change as to chemical and/or physical state or condition; by physical shock or impact; by electrical current or electrical charge; by rate of change such as acceleration or deceleration sensors; and by parasitic triggering based on input from another source. The triggering also can be made to occur when critical production tolerances or values are exceeded. Post Recording Data Processing Reouirements
The prefened general method of using the stored data created by the Car Cam is to create a set of 8 interior video/films 32 and 8 exterior video films 34. These are obtained by a reverse mapping 30 process which can utilize optical elements comparable to those which created the composite signal 1, 2, 17, 18, 37 or by utilization of standard digital signal processing means. In either case, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the end result is two sets of eight video or films 32, 34 each of which has a horizontal field of view 35 of slightly in excess of 45 degrees. Each video or film slightly overlaps the ones on either side.
Referring to Figure 20, it is understood that standard horizontal sweep systems will perform adequately and may be commercially a more reasonable approach. The radial sweep 47 approach however is probably more efficient given the manner of creation of the images 48, 49 using a Car Cam system. Other methods of digitizing and processing the data however will be superior when other than a radial system is to be used.
The post processing system can be optical, electronic or a combination of both optical and electronic. Referring to Figure 11, the permanent storage 22, 25 is shown as providing input to the optical/digital signal processing means 30 which in the preferred embodiment of the present invention having combined the interior and exterior signals, now separates these to produce two sets of 8 overlapping views 32, 34; one 34 from outside the automobile 9 form the top of the roof and one 32 from the interior from the inside top of the roof. Figure 12 shows the angle 35 covered by each viewing segment which in the preferred embodiment is slightly more than 45 degrees, the direction of viewing being shown by arrows 36. As would be obvious to one skilled in the art, the reverse mapping process can combine the inside mapping 31 the outside mapping 33 into one operation as shown in Figure 2. This type of mapping 31 , 33 into video or film 32, 34 will result in a fair amount of information which may not be of interest, however ordinary editing means 35 can be used to edit the material 32, 34 and thus to produce a short video or film 36 which presents the important information. For purposes of establishing causation and legal liability, this approach is reasonable, economical and accurate.
For data obtained from a system utilizing the present invention other than the Car Cam, the reverse mapping must be suited to the final uses to which the information will be put and upon the manner in which the initial data was created.
All of the above are only some of the examples of available embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily observe that numerous other modifications and alterations may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the above disclosure is not intended as limiting and the appended claims are to be interpreted as encompassing the entire scope of the invention.

Claims

In the ClaimsWhat is claimed is:
1. A recording system comprised of a reusable storage means and logic means to continually record information whereby when the system is triggered, only recently acquired information and current information is permanently saved.
2. Triggering as in Claim 1 by human action.
3. Triggering as in Claim 1 without human intervention.
4. Recorded information aβ in Claim 1 which is in the visual spectra.
5. Recorded information as in Claim 4 recorded by optical means and by means of a camera.
6. Information as in Claim 5 which is produced by substantially panoramic optical means.
7. Optical means as in Claim 5 comprised of mirrors.
8. Mirrors as in Claim 7 comprised of annular or conicoid mirrors.
9. Panoramic optical monitoring means as in Claim 6 comprised of light conducting means.
10. Recorded information as in Claim 1 which is not in the visual spectra.
11. A data acquisition system which acquires environmental data on a substantially continuous basis of while saving data that is currently or recently recorded when the system is triggered.
12. Environmental data as in Claim 11 comprised of date derived from areas in and near a motor vehicle or trailer.
13. Environmental data as in Claim 12 comprised of visual panoramic information.
14. Panoramic information as in Claim 13 produced from within and from the exterior of a motor vehicle or trailer.
15. Triggering as in Claim 11 caused by substantial contact of a motor vehicle or trailer with another object.
16. Panoramic information as in Claim 14 produced as a single recordable image.
17. Triggering as in Claim 11 by a deliberate act of an occupant of a motor vehicle.
18. Triggering as in Claim 11 due to a substantial change in the velocity of a motor vehicle or trailer to which the system has been attached.
19. A recording system as in Claim 11 which monitors the general environment in which production of a product or substance occurs.
20. A continuous recording system of physical processes which retains information recorded before, during and after a triggering event.
21. A recorder as in Claim 20 for recording earthquake motion information.
22. A recorder as in Claim 20 for monitoring the production of a substance.
23. A substance as in Claim 22 which is a film, tape or sheet.
24. A substance as in Claim 22 which is a liquid.
25. A substance as in Claim 22 which is a solid, fungible, an aggregate or in suspension.
26. A processing system which converts stored data so as to substantially reproduce the visual images associated with an environment by mapping the infoπnation into multiple outputs each of which depicts a portion of said environment.
27. Multiple outputs as in Claim 26 which create a series of views which as a group provide a substantially panoramic view of an environment.
28. Multiple outputs as in Claim 26 comprised of outputs each having substantially equal visual arcs of viewing.
29. Arcs of viewing as in Claim 26 of substantially 45 degrees.
30. Arcs of viewing as in Claim 29 comprised of two sets of arcs each set of which comprises a substantially panoramic view.
31. Conversion as in Claim 26 by optical means and by a camera.
32. Conversion as in Claim 26 by digital signal processing means.
33. Conversion as in Claim 26 by a combination of optical means and digital signal processing means.
34. Stored data as in Claim 26 comprised of visual data mapped in an concentric band from an annular or conicoid mirror.
35. Visual data as in Claim 34 forming more than one concentric band from more than one annular or conicoid mirror.
Reference Numerals - Description
Numeral Description
1. Optical system, general reference number
2. Fiber optic system
3. Motion input device
4. Process value input device
5. Recording device
6. Recording media
7. Logic device
8. Permanent storage device
9. Automobile
10. Truck cab
11. Truck trailer
12. Editing process
13. Final footage
14. Fisheye lens system
15. Exterior visible light capture means
16. Interior visible light capture means
17. Reflecting mirror, flat
18. Annular or conicoid mirror
19. Camera
20. Light Path
21. Input data
22. Processing/recording device
23. Triggering event
24. Computer
25. Permanent storage
26. Post production device
27. Optics/DSP computer
28. Output
29. Sensor trigger
30. Optical/DSP preprocessing
31. Inside mapping
32. Interior video or film
33. Outside mapping
34. Exterior video or film
35. Field of view, one sector, mapped output
36. Direction of view
37. Rotating mirror
38. Button
39. Manual force
40. Acceleration or deceleration sensor
41. Security system sensor
42. Air bag system sensor
43. Vehicle external body work
44. Vehicle frame
45. Deformation sensor
46. External damaging force
47. Radial direction of sweep of digital signal
48. Inner annular image
49. Outer annular image
51 Save old data
52 Save post trigger data
53 Is permanent storage full?
54 Quit
55 Replace or renew permanent storage
56 Reset trigger
57 Signal from sensor trigger
PCT/US1997/012129 1997-01-14 1997-06-19 Car cam WO1998031146A1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU37982/97A AU3798297A (en) 1997-01-14 1997-06-19 Car cam

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US78303697A 1997-01-14 1997-01-14
US08/783,036 1997-01-14

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Publication Number Publication Date
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ID=25127978

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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