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WO1998055585A1 - Procede destine a incorporer un oxyde d'amine a des pains pour la lessive - Google Patents

Procede destine a incorporer un oxyde d'amine a des pains pour la lessive Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998055585A1
WO1998055585A1 PCT/US1997/009515 US9709515W WO9855585A1 WO 1998055585 A1 WO1998055585 A1 WO 1998055585A1 US 9709515 W US9709515 W US 9709515W WO 9855585 A1 WO9855585 A1 WO 9855585A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
amine oxide
acid
bar
alkyl
anionic surfactant
Prior art date
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/US1997/009515
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English (en)
Inventor
Pamela Carlos Angeles
Isauro Manuel E. Misajon
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Procter and Gamble Co
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Procter and Gamble Co
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Procter and Gamble Co filed Critical Procter and Gamble Co
Priority to AU32955/97A priority Critical patent/AU3295597A/en
Priority to PCT/US1997/009515 priority patent/WO1998055585A1/fr
Publication of WO1998055585A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998055585A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D10/00—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group
    • C11D10/04—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/0047—Detergents in the form of bars or tablets
    • C11D17/0065—Solid detergents containing builders
    • C11D17/0069—Laundry bars
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
    • C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
    • C11D1/146—Sulfuric acid esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
    • C11D1/22—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aromatic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/75—Amino oxides

Definitions

  • laundry detergent bars comprising synthetic organic surfactants and detergency builders are used in the laundering of clothes.
  • Synthetic laundry bars typically comprise a synthetic anionic surfactant such as the alkali metal salt of an alkyl benzene sulfonic acid or alkali metal salt of an alkyl sulfate and one or more alkaline builders such as alkali metal polyphosphates, carbonates or silicates.
  • Amine oxide surfactants are commonly used in liquid cleaning compositions to boost and maintain suds formation, and/or improve cleaning, and/or improve mildness to skin.
  • Such compositions include, for example, laundry and dishwashing detergent compositions.
  • a laundry cleaning product formula can be very effective in delivering desired attributes, it may not qualify as a usable product if it also has serious processability problems.
  • the addition of high active (solid or paste) or dilute (liquid) form amine oxides have proven difficult to properly incorporate into a solid detergent composition. Even if such amine oxides are successfully incorporated, the final product lacks acceptable physical properties.
  • the present invention is directed to a process for making a laundry detergent bar containing one or more amine oxide surfactants.
  • the process comprises mixing an amine oxide component, an anionic surfactant, and an alkali salt; subsequently adding an acid; and forming the resulting composition into a bar.
  • the present invention further relates to a product made by the subject process.
  • alkenyl means a carbon-containing chain, preferably from about C ⁇
  • alkyl means a carbon-containing chain, preferably from about C-
  • LAS means linear alkyl benzene sulfonate.
  • tallow is used in connection with materials with fatty acid mixtures which typically are linear and have an approximate carbon chain length distribution of 2% C14, 29% C ⁇
  • the tallow can also be hardened (i.e., hydrogenated) to convert part or all of the unsaturated fatty acid moieties to saturated fatty acid moieties.
  • coconut oil is used in connection with materials with fatty acid mixtures which typically are linear and have an approximate carbon chain length distribution of about 8% C ⁇ , 7% C10. 48% C12, 17% C14, 9% C-
  • Other sources having similar carbon chain length distribution in their fatty acids, such as palm kernel oil and babassu oil, are included within the term coconut oil.
  • the process of the present invention comprises mixing an amine oxide, an anionic surfactant, and an alkali salt; subsequently adding an acid; and forming the resulting composition into a bar.
  • the amine oxide component may be either an amine oxide, a high active amine oxide complex, or mixtures thereof.
  • Amine oxide surfactants for use in the present process preferably have the formula R 1 R R3NO, wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or alkenyl preferably containing from about 8 to about 30 carbon atoms; more preferably from about 8 to about 18.
  • R2 and R3 are independently substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or alkenyl groups preferably containing from about 1 to about 18 carbon atoms, more preferably from about 1 to about 4.
  • R 2 and R3 are independently methyl groups; examples of such amine oxides include, dodecyldimethyl amine oxide, tetradecyldimethyl amine oxide, hexadecyldimethyl amine oxide, octadecyldimethyl amine oxide, and coconutalkyldimethyl amine oxides.
  • Suitable amine oxides for use in the present process include dodecyldimethyl amine oxide, tridecyldimethyl amine oxide, tetradecyldimethyl amine oxide, pentadecyldimethyl amine oxide, hexadecyldimethyl amine oxide, heptadecyldimethyl amine oxide, octadecyldimethyl amine oxide, dodecyldiethyl amine oxide, tetradecyldimethyl amine oxide, hexadecyldiethyl amine oxide, octadecyldiethyl amine oxide, dodecyldipropyl amine oxide, tetradecyldipropyl amine oxide, hexadecyldipropyl amine oxide, octadecyldipropyl amine oxide, dodecyldibutyl amine oxide, tetrade
  • ADMOXTM is a C14 amine oxide dihydrate.
  • ADMOXTM and other amine oxides useful in the present process are set forth in U.S. Patent No. 5,292,955 (Smith and Sauer, issued March 8, 1994).
  • amine oxide surfactants made by the oxidation of tertiary amines prepared from mixed alcohols obtainable from coconut oil. Such coconutalkyi amine oxides are preferred from an economic standpoint inasmuch as it is not necessary for the present purposes to separate the mixed alcohol fractions into their pure components to secure the pure chain length fractions of the amine oxides.
  • the amine oxide is a liquid amine oxide formulation.
  • the percentage of amine oxide in the liquid amine oxide formulation as well as the type of amine oxide are not critical to the successful operation of the instant process, or the resulting laundry bar. Accordingly, any known or conventional liquid amine oxide formulation can be used.
  • liquid amine oxide formulations useful in the present invention have up to 50% amine oxide, more preferably from about 1% to about 50%, more preferably still from about 20% to about 40%. It is understood, however, that formulations containing higher or lower concentrations of amine oxide can also be used in the present process. However, more concentrated formulations are preferred from a manufacturing cost standpoint.
  • the remainder of the liquid amine oxide formulation will typically, and preferably, be water.
  • Liquid amine oxide formulations for use in the present process can be prepared by known and conventional methods. Such methods normally involve the controlled oxidation of tertiary amines to the corresponding amine oxide using a strong oxidizing agent.
  • a preferred oxidizing agent is hydrogen peroxide.
  • a dilute, or preferably concentrated (30% by weight of more), hydrogen peroxide solution is added in a stochiometric or greater amount to a liquid solution containing the tertiary amine for conversion thereof to the amine oxide. Reaction rates and amine oxide yields can be improved by incorporation of catalysts and or chelating agents well known in the surfactant art for this particular application.
  • amine oxide surfactants are described, for example, in U.S. Patent 3,215,741 (Chadwick, issued November 2, 1965), U.S. Patent 3,223,647 (Drew and Voss, issued December 14, 1965), British Patent 437,566 (issued October 31 , 1935), and U.S. Patent 4,565,891 (Correa and Riiey, issued July 19, 1984).
  • high active amine oxide complexes are used in the present process.
  • such high active amine oxide complexes include solid amine oxide surfactant compositions comprising an amine oxide and a complexing acid selected from the group consisting of saturated carboxylic acid with at least 5 carbon atoms, unsaturated carboxylic acid with at least 5 carbon atoms, phosphonic acid, and mixtures thereof. More specifically, the amine oxide of such a complex preferably has the formula R1 1 R 12 R13NO, where R 1 1 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or alkenyl group containing from about 6 to about 30 carbon atoms and Groups R 12 and R13 are each substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or alkenyl groups containing from about 1 to about 18 carbon atoms.
  • the complexing acid of such a complex preferably is selected from the group consisting of citric acid, polyacrylic acid, malonic acid, adipic acid, oxalic acid, glutaric acid, pthalic acid, lauric acid, oleic acid, benzoic acid, and butyric acid, tetra sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP), sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP), diethylene triamine penta methyl phosphonic acid, hydroxyethane diphosphonic acid, ethylenediamine tetra methylene phosphonic acid, and mixtures thereof.
  • TSPP tetra sodium pyrophosphate
  • STPP sodium tripolyphosphate
  • diethylene triamine penta methyl phosphonic acid hydroxyethane diphosphonic acid
  • ethylenediamine tetra methylene phosphonic acid and mixtures thereof.
  • Such complexes may be prepared by admixing the complexing acid with an amine oxide surfactant formulation by admixing 1 mole of complexing acid with X mole(s) of amine oxide, where X is from about 1 to about equal to the number of acid groups of the complexing acid.
  • the pH of the admixture is from about 1 to about 3, whereby a visible precipitate in the admixture is formed.
  • the formed precipitate is separated from the admixture, preferably by mechanical means, and allowed to dry.
  • the separated precipitate forms the solid compositions of the present invention, which solid compositions consist of the amine oxide and complexing acid described above.
  • Other high active amine oxide complexes useful in the present invention also include those disclosed in U.S. 5,399,296 (Wierenga et al., issued March 21, 1995).
  • the amount of amine oxide component used in the present process is preferably from about 1% to about 30%, more preferably from about 0.5% to about 10%, more preferably still from about 0.9% to about 4%.
  • Anionic Surfactants are preferably from about 1% to about 30%, more preferably from about 0.5% to about 10%, more preferably still from about 0.9% to about 4%.
  • Anionic surfactants useful in the present process include synthetic anionic surfactants and soap. 1. Synthetic Anionic Surfactants
  • Synthetic anionic surfactants which are suitable for use herein include the water-soluble salts, preferably the alkali metal, ammonium and alkylolammonium salts of organic sulfuric reaction products having in their molecular structure an alkyl group containing from about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms and a sulfonic acid or sulfuric acid ester group.
  • alkyl is the alkyl portion of acyl groups.
  • examples of this group of synthetic surfactants are the sodium and potassium alkyl sulfates, especially those obtained by sulfating the higher alcohols (C8-18 carbon atoms) such as those produced by reducing the glycerides of tallow or coconut oil; and the sodium and potassium alkyl benzene sulfonates in which the alkyl group contains from about 9 to about 15 carbon atoms, in straight chain or branched chain configuration, e.g., those of the type described in U.S. Patents 2,220,099 and 2,477,383.
  • linear straight chain alkyl benzene sulfonates in which the average number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group is from about 11 to 13, abbreviated as C1 -J.13 LAS.
  • the alkali metal salts, particularly the sodium salts of these surfactants are preferred.
  • Alkyl benzene sulfonates and processes for making them are disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 2,220,099 and 2,477,383.
  • Preferred synthetic anionic surfactants are C-J O-18 linear alkyl benzene sulfonates, C10-I4 alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonates, and C-J O-18 a ' k y' sulfates.
  • the amount of synthetic anionic surfactant used in the present process is preferably from about 5% to about 60%, more preferably from about 15% to about 30%. 2. Soaps
  • “soap” means salts of fatty acids.
  • the fatty acids are linear or branched containing from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, preferably from about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms.
  • the average carbon chain length for the fatty acid soaps is from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms, preferably from about 14 to about 16 carbon atoms.
  • Preferred salts of the fatty acids are alkali metal salts, such as sodium and potassium, especially sodium. Also preferred salts are ammonium and alkylolammonium salts.
  • the fatty acids of soaps useful in the present process are preferably obtained from natural sources such as plant or animal esters; examples include coconut oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil, olive oil, peanut oil, corn oil, sesame oil, rice bran oil, cottonseed oil, babassu oil, soybean oil, castor oil, tallow, whale oil, fish oil, grease, lard, and mixtures thereof.
  • Preferred fatty acids are obtained from coconut oil, tallow, palm oil (palm stearin oil), palm kernel oil, and mixtures thereof.
  • Fatty acids can be synthetically prepared, for example, by the oxidation of petroleum, or by hydrogenation of carbon monoxide by the Fischer-Tropsch process.
  • Alkali metal soaps can be made by direct saponification of the fats and oils or by the neutralization of the free fatty acids which are prepared in a separate manufacturing process. Particularly useful are the sodium and potassium salts of the mixtures of fatty acids derived from coconut oil and tallow, i.e., sodium and potassium tallow and coconut soaps.
  • Preferred soap raw materials for present process are soaps made from mixtures of fatty acids from tallow and coconut oil. Typical mixtures have tallow oconut fatty acid ratios of 85:15, 80:20, 75:25, 70:30, and 50:50; preferred ratios are about 80:20 to 65:35.
  • Preferred soap raw materials for the present process are neat soaps made by kettle (batch) or continuous saponification.
  • Neat soaps typically comprise from about 65% to about 75%, preferably from about 67% to about 72%, alkali metal soap; from about 24% to about 34%, preferably from about 27% to about 32%, water; and minor amounts, preferably less than about 1% total, of residual materials and impurities, such as alkali metal chlorides, alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal carbonates, glycerin, and free fatty acids.
  • Another preferred soap raw material is soap noodles or flakes, which are typically neat soap which has been dried to a water content of from about 10% to about 20%. The other components above are proportionally concentrated.
  • Soaps are optionally used in the present process at levels of no more than about 70%, by weight of the resulting laundry detergent bar composition.
  • the amount of soap used in the present process (by weight of the resulting laundry detergent bar composition) is preferably from about 5% to about 70%, more preferably from about 10% to about 50%.
  • the alkali salt used in the present process serves as a neutralizing agent for the acid precursor of an anionic surfactant which is employed in the present process.
  • Alkali salts useful in the present process include alkali metal carbonates, bicarbonates, and phosphates.
  • Preferred alkali salts include sodium carbonate (soda ash), sodium bicarbonate; more preferably sodium carbonate.
  • the amount of alkali salt used in the present process is preferably from about 2% to about 40%, more preferably from about 10% to about 20%.
  • Acid Precursor of an Anionic Surfactant One or more acids are used in the present process to effect a neutralization reaction in the seat.
  • Such acids useful in the present process preferably include carboxylic acids, phosphoric acids, sulfuric acids, acid precursors of anionic surfactants, or mixtures thereof; more preferably citric acid, acetic acid, phosphoric acid, acid pyrophosphate, sulfuric acid, the acidic form of linear alkyl benzene sulfonate (HLAS), the acidic form of alkyl sulfate (HAS), or mixtures thereof; more preferably still, sulfuric acid and HLAS.
  • HLAS linear alkyl benzene sulfonate
  • HAS acidic form of alkyl sulfate
  • the amount of acid precursor of an anionic surfactant used in the present process is preferably from about 1% to about 10%, more preferably from about 2.5% to about 6%.
  • the laundry bars produced by the present process preferably contain from about 0.5% to about 30%, more preferably from about 5% to about 15% detergent builder.
  • These detergent builders can be, for example, water-soluble alkali-metal salts of phosphate, pyrophosphates, orthophosphates, tripolyphosphates, higher polyphosphates, and mixtures thereof.
  • Preferred builders are a water-soluble alkali-metal salt of tripolyphosphate, and a mixture of tripolyphosphate and pyrophosphate.
  • the builder can also be a non- phosphate detergent builder. Specific examples of non-phosphate, inorganic detergency builders include water-soluble inorganic carbonate and bicarbonate salts.
  • alkali metal e.g., sodium and potassium carbonates, bicarbonates, and silicates are particularly useful herein.
  • Specific preferred examples of builders include sodium tripolyphosphates (STPP) and tetra sodium pyrophosphates (TSPP), and mixtures thereof.
  • Other specifically preferred examples of builders include zeolites and polycarboxylates, and co-polymers of acrylic acid and maleic acid.
  • the laundry detergent bars made by the present process preferably comprise from about 0.5% to about 30% of moisture, more preferably from about 1% to about 5%.
  • the detergent bars produced by the present process may further include other ingredients commonly used in detergent products.
  • optional surfactants e.g. nonionic, zwitterionic and amphoteric surfactants
  • optional alkaline builders such as sodium carbonate trisodium phosphate sodium silicate, etc. and other ingredients useful herein appears in U.S. Pat. No. 3,664,961 , issued to Norris on May 23, 1972, and EP 550,652, published on April 16, 1992.
  • Such optional surfactants, if present, can be included at levels up to a total of about 10%, preferably about 0.5-3%.
  • a preferred additional component in the laundry bar is a bleach component.
  • the bleaching component can be a source of "OOH group, such as sodium perborate monohydrate, sodium perborate tetrahydrate and sodium percarbonate.
  • Sodium percarbonate (2Na2C ⁇ 3-3H2 ⁇ 2) is preferred since it has a dual function of both a source of HOOH and a source of sodium carbonate.
  • Another optional bleaching component is a peracid perse, such as a formula: CH3(CH2)w-NH-C(0)-(CH2) z C03H wherein z is from 2 to 4 and w is from 4 to 10.
  • the bleaching component can contain, as a bleaching component stabilizer, a chelating agent of polyaminocarboxylic acids, polyaminocarboxylates such as ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid, diethylenetriaminopentaacetic acid, and ethylenediaminodisuccinic acid, and their salts with water-soluble alkali metals.
  • the bleach components if any, can be added to the bar, if any, at a level up to 20%, preferably from about 1% to about 10%, more preferably from about 2% to about 6%.
  • a preferred additional ingredient is a fabric softening clay, preferably a smectite-type clay and a clay flocculating agent, having a high molecular weight greater than about 100,000.
  • Soil suspending agents may be additionally used. In the present invention, their use is balanced with the fabric softening clay/clay flocculating agent combination to provide optimum cleaning and fabric softening performance.
  • One such soil suspending agent is an acrylic/maleic copolymer, commercially available as SOKALAN®, from BASF Corp.
  • Other soil suspending agents include polyethylene glycols having a molecular weight of about 400 to 10,000, and ethoxylated mono- and polyamines, and quaternary salts thereof.
  • a particularly preferred additional component of the present invention is a detergent chelant.
  • Such chelants are able to sequester and chelate alkali cations (such as sodium, lithium and potassium), alkali metal earth cations (such as magnesium and calcium), and most importantly, heavy metal cations such as iron, manganese, zinc and aluminum.
  • Preferred cations include sodium, magnesium, zinc, and mixtures thereof.
  • the detergent chelant is particularly beneficial for maintaining good cleaning performance and improved surfactant mileage, despite the presence of the softening clay and the clay flocculating agent.
  • the detergent chelant is preferably a phosphonate chelant, particularly one selected from the group consisting of diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid), ethylene diamine tetra(methylene phosphonic acid), and mixtures and salts and complexes thereof, and an acetate chelant, particularly one selected from the group consisting of diethylenetriamine penta(acetic acid), ethylene diamine tetra(acetic acid), and mixtures and salts and complexes thereof.
  • Particularly preferred are sodium, zinc, magnesium, and aluminum salts and complexes of diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonate) diethylenetriamine penta (acetate), and mixtures thereof.
  • such salts or complexes have a molar ratio of metal ion to chelant molecule of at least 1 :1 , preferably at least 2:1.
  • the detergent chelant may be included in the laundry bar at a level up to about 5%, preferably from about 0.1% to about 3%, more preferably from about 0.2% to about 2%, most preferably from about 0.5% to about 1.0%.
  • Another preferred additional component of the laundry bar is fatty alcohol having an alkyl chain of 8 to 22 carbon atoms, more preferably from 12 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • a preferred fatty alcohol has an alkyl chain predominantly containing from 16 to 18 carbon atoms, so-called "high-cut fatty alcohol,” which can exhibit less base odor of fatty alcohol relative to broad cut fatty alcohols.
  • fatty alcohol if any, is present in the laundry bar at up to a level of 10%, more preferably from about 0.75% to about 6%, most preferably from about 2% to about 5%.
  • the fatty alcohol is generally added to a laundry bar as free fatty alcohol.
  • low levels of fatty alcohol can be introduced into the bars as impurities or as unreacted starting material.
  • laundry bars based on coconut fatty alkyl sulfate can contain, as unreacted starting material, from 0.1% to 3.5%, more typically from 2% to 3%, by weight of free coconut fatty alcohol on a coconut fatty alkyl sulfate basis.
  • a preferred additional component in the laundry bar is a dye transfer inhibiting (DTI) ingredient to prevent diminishing of color fidelity and intensity in fabrics.
  • DTI ingredient can include polymeric DTI materials capable of binding fugitive dyes to prevent them from depositing on the fabrics, and decolorization DTI materials capable of decolorizing the fugitives dye by oxidation.
  • An example of a decolorization DTI is hydrogen peroxide or a source of hydrogen peroxide, such as percarbonate or perborate.
  • Non-limiting examples of polymeric DTI materials include polyvinylpyrridine N- oxide, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), PVP-polyvinylimidazole copolymer, and mixtures thereof.
  • Copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone and N-vinylimidazole polymers are also preferred for use herein.
  • the amount of DTI included in the subject compositions, if any, is about 0.05-5%, preferably about 0.2-2%.
  • Another preferred additional component in the laundry bar is a secondary fabric softener component in addition to the softening clay.
  • Such materials can be used, if any, at levels of about 0.1% to 5%, more preferably from 0.3% to 3%, and can include: amines of the formula R4R5R6N, wherein R4 is C5 to C22 hydrocarbyl, R5 and R6 are independently C1 to C10 hydrocarbyl.
  • R4 is C5 to C22 hydrocarbyl
  • R5 and R6 are independently C1 to C10 hydrocarbyl.
  • One preferred amine is ditallowmethyl amine; complexes of such amines with fatty acid of the formula R7COOH, wherein R7 is Cg to C22 hydrocarbyl, as disclosed in EP No.
  • Sodium sulfate is a well-known filler that is compatible with the compositions of this invention. It can be a by-product of the surfactant sulfation and sulfonation processes, or it can be added separately. Other filler materials include bentonite and talc.
  • Calcium carbonate also known as Calcite
  • Fillers include minerals, such as talc and hydrated magnesium silicate-containing minerals, where the silicate is mixed with other minerals, e.g., old mother rocks such as dolomite. Filler materials are typically used, if included, at levels up to 40%, preferably from about 5% to about 25%.
  • Binding agents for holding the bar together in a cohesive, soluble form can also be used, and include natural and synthetic starches, gums, thickeners, and mixtures thereof. Such materials, if included, are typically at levels up to about 3%, preferably about 0.5-2%.
  • Glycerine is commonly incorporated in laundry bar compositions. If included, it is typically at concentrations up to about 3%, preferably about 0.5- 1.5%.
  • Optical brighteners are also preferred optional ingredients in laundry bars of the present invention. Preferred optical brighteners are diamino stilbene, distyrilbiphenyl-type optical brighteners.
  • Such brighteners are 4,4'-bis ⁇ [4-anilino-6-bis(2-hydoxyethyl) amino-1,3,5-trizin- 2-yl]amino ⁇ stilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid disodium salt, 4-4'-bis(2-sulfostyryl) biphenyl and 4,4 , -bis[(4-anilino-6-morpholino-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) aminojstilbene- 2,2'-disulfonic acid disodium salt.
  • Such optical brighteners, or mixtures thereof can be used at levels in the bar of from about 0.05% - 1.0%.
  • Dyes, pigments, germicides, and perfumes may also be added to the bar composition. If included, they are typically at levels up to about 0.5%.
  • photobleach material particularly phthalocyanine photobleaches which are described in U.S. Patent 4,033,718 issued July 5, 1977.
  • Preferred photobleaches are metal phthalocyanine compounds, the metal preferably having a valance of +2 or +3; zinc and aluminum are preferred metals.
  • Such photobleaches are available, for example, under the tradename TINOLUS or as zinc phthalocyanine sulfonate.
  • the photobleach components, if included, are typically in the subject compositions at levels up to about 0.02%, preferably from about 0.001% to about 0.015%, more preferably from about 0.002% to about 0.01%.
  • the process of the present invention comprises mixing an amine oxide component, an anionic surfactant, and an alkali salt, and subsequently adding an acid precursor of an anionic surfactant.
  • the process of the present invention can employ conventional soap or detergent bar making equipment with some or all of the following key equipment: blender/mixer, mill, refining plodder, two-stage vacuum plodder, logo printer/cutter, cooling tunnel and wrapper.
  • the raw materials including the amine oxide component, anionic surfactant, and alkali salt
  • the acid e.g., an precursor of an anionic surfactant
  • the resulting partly neutralized mixture is mechanically worked to effect homogeneity and to complete the neutralization of the mixture.
  • additional soap and other optional surfactants are added, followed by the builder and any additional adjunct ingredients.
  • polyphosphate can be used as an alkaline salt in the neutralization.
  • the high shear mixing can take from one minute to one hour, with the usual mixing time being from about two to twenty minutes.
  • the temperature is from about 74°C to about 80°C.
  • equipment which may be used for the high shear mixing include, the Sigma Mixer high sheer mixer, manufactured by Fabdecon Engineers, Bombay India; or a plough sheer mixer, manufactured by Littleford Day, Inc., Kentucky, U.S.A.
  • the blender mix is charged to a surge tank.
  • the product is conveyed from the surge tank to the mill.
  • the mixture is cooled to a temperature of from about 40°C to about 62°C.
  • the mixture is cooled by the running of cool water through the mill, which in turn cools the mixture being milled.
  • the product is then conveyed to a double vacuum plodder, operating at high vacuum, e.g., 400 to 740 mm of mercury vacuum, so that entrapped air is removed.
  • the product is extruded and cut to the desired bar length, and printed with the product brand name.
  • the printed bar can be cooled, for example in a cooling tunnel, before it is wrapped, cased, and sent to storage.
  • Example 1 This example shows a process of the present invention for making a synthetic laundry detergent bar having the following final composition:
  • Example 2 This example shows a process of the present invention for making a synthetic and soap laundry detergent bar having the following final composition:
  • the amine oxide is more completely mixed/distributed in the resulting laundry bar, versus alternate processes. Without intending to be bound by theory, it is believed that the lack of homogeneity resulting from other processes may contribute to bar softness; an undesirable characteristic for laundry bars.
  • Bar softness is undesirable for a number of reasons. For example, it causes difficulties in subsequent bar processing steps. Among other things, if a bar is too soft, it cannot be properly removed from the plodder. In addition, a soft bar is subject to deformation during packaging and/or shipping. Although a soft bar will likely harden over a period of about 2 weeks, a bar that hardens quickly coming out of the plodder can be immediately shipped and packed. Even if one developed an economical means of packing/shipping soft bars which avoided deformation, a soft bar used by a consumer poses several undesirable characteristics. For example, the consumer has less control over application of the detergent to the fabric. A harder bar is less malleable, again providing the consumer with more control over detergent delivery.
  • the laundry bars produced by the present process have many additional advantages, including improved sudsing, mildness to the user's hands, and improved cleaning, yet do not present serious processability problems.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé destiné à fabriquer un pain détergent pour la lessive, qui comprend un ou plusieurs tensio-actifs à base d'oxyde d'amine. Le procédé consiste à mélanger un composant d'oxyde d'amine, un tensio-actif anionique et un sel alcalin, puis à ajouter un précurseur acide d'un tensio-actif anionique et à former un pain avec la composition ainsi obtenue. L'invention concerne également le produit fabriqué avec ce procédé.
PCT/US1997/009515 1997-06-03 1997-06-03 Procede destine a incorporer un oxyde d'amine a des pains pour la lessive Ceased WO1998055585A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU32955/97A AU3295597A (en) 1997-06-03 1997-06-03 A process for incorporating amine oxide into laundry bars
PCT/US1997/009515 WO1998055585A1 (fr) 1997-06-03 1997-06-03 Procede destine a incorporer un oxyde d'amine a des pains pour la lessive

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1997/009515 WO1998055585A1 (fr) 1997-06-03 1997-06-03 Procede destine a incorporer un oxyde d'amine a des pains pour la lessive

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998055585A1 true WO1998055585A1 (fr) 1998-12-10

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1997/009515 Ceased WO1998055585A1 (fr) 1997-06-03 1997-06-03 Procede destine a incorporer un oxyde d'amine a des pains pour la lessive

Country Status (2)

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AU (1) AU3295597A (fr)
WO (1) WO1998055585A1 (fr)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
PH13778A (en) * 1975-05-30 1980-09-23 Procter & Gamble Synthetic detergent laundry composition
US5024777A (en) * 1990-01-23 1991-06-18 Ethyl Corporation Synergistic lime soap dispersing composition
US5041243A (en) * 1989-10-30 1991-08-20 Colgate-Palmolive Company Laundry bar
US5055233A (en) * 1989-04-26 1991-10-08 Ethyl Corporation Detergent bar process using trialkylamine oxide dihydrate
US5089174A (en) * 1989-01-19 1992-02-18 The Procter & Gamble Company Laundry detergent bars free of C12 -C18 fatty acids and containing an alkylbenzene sulfonate, an alkyl sulfonate and a fatty alcohol
WO1996035772A1 (fr) * 1995-05-12 1996-11-14 The Procter & Gamble Company Batons de blanchissage a base de savon a fermete amelioree

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
PH13778A (en) * 1975-05-30 1980-09-23 Procter & Gamble Synthetic detergent laundry composition
US5089174A (en) * 1989-01-19 1992-02-18 The Procter & Gamble Company Laundry detergent bars free of C12 -C18 fatty acids and containing an alkylbenzene sulfonate, an alkyl sulfonate and a fatty alcohol
US5055233A (en) * 1989-04-26 1991-10-08 Ethyl Corporation Detergent bar process using trialkylamine oxide dihydrate
US5041243A (en) * 1989-10-30 1991-08-20 Colgate-Palmolive Company Laundry bar
US5024777A (en) * 1990-01-23 1991-06-18 Ethyl Corporation Synergistic lime soap dispersing composition
WO1996035772A1 (fr) * 1995-05-12 1996-11-14 The Procter & Gamble Company Batons de blanchissage a base de savon a fermete amelioree

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU3295597A (en) 1998-12-21

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