WO1998040571A1 - Shaft cover - Google Patents
Shaft cover Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1998040571A1 WO1998040571A1 PCT/AT1998/000051 AT9800051W WO9840571A1 WO 1998040571 A1 WO1998040571 A1 WO 1998040571A1 AT 9800051 W AT9800051 W AT 9800051W WO 9840571 A1 WO9840571 A1 WO 9840571A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- filter element
- manhole cover
- openings
- section
- cross
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
- E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F1/00—Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/04—Gullies inlets, road sinks, floor drains with or without odour seals or sediment traps
- E03F5/0401—Gullies for use in roads or pavements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/04—Gullies inlets, road sinks, floor drains with or without odour seals or sediment traps
- E03F5/0401—Gullies for use in roads or pavements
- E03F5/0404—Gullies for use in roads or pavements with a permanent or temporary filtering device; Filtering devices specially adapted therefor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a manhole cover which is provided with openings for the fluid medium passage, a filter element for the construction of this manhole cover, a method for improving the filtering effect of such manhole covers, and a shaping stamp for use in this method.
- shaft covers The problem with shaft covers is that - with the exception of larger stones or the like, which cannot pass through the openings in the shaft cover - any contaminants contained in the waste water, such as dirt, sand, oil contamination, etc., enter the shaft unhindered, e.g. a district heating shaft, and can lead to deposits on the shaft floor, in the district heating pipe system or to environmental pollution.
- a solution to this problem is known from AT U 1293 by the same applicant.
- a large-area filter element is arranged on the underside of the manhole cover, which extends into the openings with projections.
- the filter element is made in one piece from asphalt mixtures, plastics, etc.
- the present invention aims to further improve the resistance to vibration and the self-cleaning ability of the known construction.
- This aim is achieved according to the invention in that at least one individual filter element is inserted into each of the openings of the shaft cover, the space remaining between the outer surface of the filter element and the inner wall of the opening being filled with an elastic material.
- the elastic material is preferably an elastomer, preferably a wear-resistant rubber mixture, which increases the abrasion resistance of the manhole cover.
- a preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the free flow cross section of the filter element increases from top to bottom.
- This special design of the filter elements means that solids contained in the wastewater can only penetrate up to a certain grain size; However, once they have penetrated, they do not move the filter elements due to the increase in the free flow cross-section, but are discharged.
- the filter element can, for example, be made from several layers of porous material or with channels with small diameters, the flow cross-section of the free layers increasing from layer to layer.
- the filter element preferably has a base body made of water-impermeable material, in which channels for the fluid medium passage are formed, the flow cross-section of which increases at least in steps, particularly preferably continuously, from top to bottom, which further improves the self-cleaning effect.
- the filter element is provided on its outer circumference with ribs and / or grooves for anchoring in the potting material.
- the elastic material forms a layer covering the underside of the shaft cover between the filter elements.
- the layer is preferred additionally with the help of screws, rivets or the like. anchored to the underside of the manhole cover.
- Another aspect of the invention consists in the creation of a filter element specifically designed for the construction of such a manhole cover, which is characterized by a base body made of water-impermeable material, in which channels for the fluid medium passage are formed, the flow cross section of which is at least step-wise, preferably continuously, from top to bottom increases.
- the filter element has a large-diameter throughflow section and an attachment plate placed thereon, which is pierced by openings opening into the throughflow section. This creates a step-like expansion of the flow cross-section from the front plate to the flow section.
- the openings can preferably widen at least in steps, preferably continuously, from top to bottom. It is particularly advantageous for the flow behavior if the inlet cross section of the openings in relation to the thickness of the facing plate is in the range from 1: 1 to 1: 4.
- the throughflow section and / or the attachment plate are preferably made of metal or plastic, preferably steel. These materials result in a particularly robust filter element.
- a third aspect of the present invention resides in the creation of a method for improving the filter effect of already existing manhole covers provided with openings for the fluid medium passage, and is characterized in that shaped punches are inserted into the openings, which have a base body, from the top of which form fingers protrude , the summed cross-sectional area of which is substantially smaller than the cross-sectional area of the base body, that the space remaining between the outer surface of the die and the inner wall of the opening is poured out with a sealing compound, which in the solidified state gives an elastic material, and that the die is then poured downwards the solidified potting compound can be removed.
- a last aspect of the invention is concerned with the creation of a special form stamp for use in this method, which is characterized by a base body, from the top of which form fingers protrude, the summed cross-sectional area of which is significantly smaller than the cross-sectional area of the base body.
- the shape fingers are preferred at least from bottom to top stepped, particularly preferably rounded or tapered, which leaves corresponding openings in the elastic material.
- An advantageous embodiment of the die is characterized in that it is equipped on its underside with a coupling device for engaging a drawing tool, the coupling device preferably being a threaded bore. This also means that greater adhesive forces can be overcome when removing the stamp from the elastic material.
- Fig.l a manhole cover in plan view
- Fig.13 the form stamp of Fig.10-12 in plan view.
- a manhole cover 1 made of cast iron is shown, which is provided with openings 2 for the passage of liquids or the escape of gases.
- One of the openings 2 is shown enlarged in FIGS. 2-7.
- the openings have a large diameter of, for example, 20-40 mm and can be round, square, oval or any shape.
- the cross section of the openings 2 can taper in the downward direction (FIG. 3), expand (FIG. 5) or run as desired.
- a filter element 3 is inserted into each of the openings 2 of the manhole cover 1 with the interposition of an elastic material 4.
- the material 4 either ends flush with the top and bottom of the manhole cover 1 (FIG. 3) or covers the underside of the manhole cover as a layer 4 between the filter elements 3 (FIG. 5), with optional screws 5, rivets, Cast noses or the like. Can also be attached to the underside of the manhole cover 1.
- the filter element 3 is positively embedded in the material 4 and can or the like on its outer circumference with grooves 6, ribs. be provided to improve the positive connection with the material 4.
- the elastic material 4 is preferably a potting material that is elastic in its "solidified" state, for example wear-resistant rubber, elastic plastic or any elastomer.
- the filter element 3 can have any structure as long as its flow cross-section increases in the flow direction, as described for example in AT U 1293.
- the filter element 3 is composed of a tubular, large-diameter throughflow section 7 and an attachment plate 8 placed thereon, which is pierced by openings 9 opening into the inside of the throughflow section 7.
- the flow cross-section of the openings 9 in turn widens conically from top to bottom.
- the openings 9 can be arranged in any pattern, for example as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4.
- the diameter of the openings is preferably 1 to 7 mm (depending on the application, but also larger) on its entry side.
- the ratio of the diameter of the openings 9 to the thickness of the facing plate is preferably in the range from 1: 1 to 1: 4.
- Both the throughflow section 7 and the attachment plate 8 are made of hard material, for example the throughflow section made of metal or plastic and the attachment plate made of steel. A one-piece production of throughflow section 7 and attachment plate 8 is also possible. In addition, cross-sectional cross-sectional expansions other than those mentioned are also possible, for example the openings 9 and the through-flow section 7 can be widened in a step-like manner and in the downward direction.
- FIGS. 6-13 show an alternative method for improving the filtering effect of conventional manhole covers 1, wherein stamps 10 are inserted into each of the openings 2 before or during the casting of the elastic material.
- the form stamps 10 can, for example, be mounted on a common carrier plate (not shown), or can also be used individually.
- Each form stamp 10 is composed of a base body 11 and projecting form fingers 12 thereof, the summed cross-sectional area of all form fingers 12 being smaller than the cross-sectional area of the base body 11, so that after removal of the form stamp 10 from the solidified casting compound, passage openings in the elastic material formed 4 result, the flow cross section increases from top to bottom.
- the cross section of the base body 11 and the shaped fingers 12 is arbitrary, for example round, oval, angular, etc.
- the passage openings remaining in the sealing compound can in particular have the cross-sectional configurations mentioned above in connection with the filter element 3.
- the invention is of course not limited to the exemplary embodiments shown.
- the number, size and grouping of the openings 9 in the filter element 3 or the shaping fingers 12 of the shaping punch 10 are completely arbitrary, as long as the flow cross-sectional relationships mentioned result.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
- Sewage (AREA)
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
- Flexible Shafts (AREA)
- Mechanical Pencils And Projecting And Retracting Systems Therefor, And Multi-System Writing Instruments (AREA)
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
- Diaphragms And Bellows (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Schachtabdeckung Manhole cover
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Schachtabdeckung, die mit Öffnungen für den Fluidmediumdurchtritt versehen ist, ein Filterelement für den Aufbau dieser Schachtabdeckung, ein Verfahren zum Verbessern der Filterwirkung derartiger Schachtabdek- kungen, und einen Formstempel zur Verwendung in diesem Verfahren.The present invention relates to a manhole cover which is provided with openings for the fluid medium passage, a filter element for the construction of this manhole cover, a method for improving the filtering effect of such manhole covers, and a shaping stamp for use in this method.
Bei Schachtabdeckungen besteht das Problem, daß - mit Ausnahme von größeren Steinen od.dgl., welche die Öffnungen des Schachtdeckels nicht passieren können - jegliche im Abwasser enthaltene Verunreinigungen, wie Schmutzfracht, Sand, Ölkontaminationen usw., ungehindert in den Schacht, z.B. einen Fernwärmeschacht, gelangen und zu Ablagerungen am Schachtboden, im Fernwärmeleitungssystem bzw. zu Umweltbelastungen führen können.The problem with shaft covers is that - with the exception of larger stones or the like, which cannot pass through the openings in the shaft cover - any contaminants contained in the waste water, such as dirt, sand, oil contamination, etc., enter the shaft unhindered, e.g. a district heating shaft, and can lead to deposits on the shaft floor, in the district heating pipe system or to environmental pollution.
Eine Lösung dieses Problems ist aus der AT U 1293 des gleichen Anmelders bekannt. Bei der bekannten Konstruktion ist an der Unterseite des Schachtdeckels ein großflächiges Filterelement angeordnet, welches sich mit Vorsprüngen in die Öffnungen hineinerstreckt. Das Filterelement ist einstückig aus Asphaltgemischen, Kunststoffen usw. gefertigt.A solution to this problem is known from AT U 1293 by the same applicant. In the known construction, a large-area filter element is arranged on the underside of the manhole cover, which extends into the openings with projections. The filter element is made in one piece from asphalt mixtures, plastics, etc.
Die vorliegende Erfindung setzt sich zum Ziel, die Widerstandsfähigkeit gegenüber Erschütterungen und die selbstreinigende Fähigkeit der bekannten Konstruktion noch weiter zu verbessern. Dieses Ziel wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch erreicht, daß in jede der Öffnungen der Schachtabdeckung zumindest ein einzelnes Filterelement eingesetzt ist, wobei der zwischen der Außenoberfläche des Filterelementes und der Innenwand der Öffnung verbleibende Raum mit einem elastischen Material ausgefüllt ist.The present invention aims to further improve the resistance to vibration and the self-cleaning ability of the known construction. This aim is achieved according to the invention in that at least one individual filter element is inserted into each of the openings of the shaft cover, the space remaining between the outer surface of the filter element and the inner wall of the opening being filled with an elastic material.
Durch die Verwendung diskreter Filterelemente, welche in den Öffnungen elastisch verankert sind, wird eine ausgezeichnete Widerstandsfähigkeit gegenüber Verformungen, Erschütterungen od.dgl. erzielt. Darüber hinaus bewirken die beispielsweise beim Befahren induzierten Schwingungen und Erschütterungen des Schachtdeckels eine mechanische Loslösung allfälliger in den Filterelementen hängengebliebener Sand- oder Schmutzteilchen und deren Austrag nach unten, was die Selbstreinigungsfähigkeit der filternden Schachtabdeckung noch wesentlich erhöht. Schließlich wird durch die eingesetzten Filterelemente auch eine definierte Oberfläche der Schachtabdeckung geschaffen.By using discrete filter elements, which are elastically anchored in the openings, excellent resistance to deformation, shocks or the like is. achieved. In addition, the vibrations and shocks induced when driving, for example Manhole cover a mechanical detachment of any sand or dirt particles stuck in the filter elements and their discharge downwards, which significantly increases the self-cleaning ability of the filtering manhole cover. Finally, the filter elements used also create a defined surface of the manhole cover.
Bevorzugt ist das elastische Material ein Elastomer, bevorzugt eine verschleiß feste Gummimischung, was die Abriebfestigkeit der Schachtabdeckung erhöht .The elastic material is preferably an elastomer, preferably a wear-resistant rubber mixture, which increases the abrasion resistance of the manhole cover.
Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß der freie Durchströmquerschnitt des Filterelementes von oben nach unten zunimmt. Diese spezielle Gestaltung der Filterelemente bedingt, daß im Abwasser enthaltene Feststoffe nur bis zu einer bestimmten Korngröße eindringen können; sind sie allerdings einmal eingedrungen, verlegen sie wegen der Zunahme des freien Durchströmquerschnittes nicht die Filterelemente, sondern werden ausgetragen.A preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the free flow cross section of the filter element increases from top to bottom. This special design of the filter elements means that solids contained in the wastewater can only penetrate up to a certain grain size; However, once they have penetrated, they do not move the filter elements due to the increase in the free flow cross-section, but are discharged.
Das Filterelement kann beispielsweise wie in der AT U 1293 beschrieben aus mehreren Schichten porösen oder mit kleindurch- meßrigen Kanälen ausgestatteten Materials gefertigt sein, wobei der Durchströmquerschnitt der freien Schichten von Schicht zu Schicht zunimmt. Bevorzugt weist das Filterelement jedoch einen Grundkörper aus wasserundurchlässigem Material auf, in welchem Kanäle für den Fluidmediumdurchtritt ausgebildet sind, deren Durchströmquerschnitt zumindest stufenförmig, besonders bevorzugt kontinuierlich, von oben nach unten zunimmt, was die selbstreinigende Wirkung weiter verbessert.As described in AT U 1293, the filter element can, for example, be made from several layers of porous material or with channels with small diameters, the flow cross-section of the free layers increasing from layer to layer. However, the filter element preferably has a base body made of water-impermeable material, in which channels for the fluid medium passage are formed, the flow cross-section of which increases at least in steps, particularly preferably continuously, from top to bottom, which further improves the self-cleaning effect.
In jedem Fall ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn gemäß einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung das Filterelernent an seinem Außenumfang mit Rippen und/oder Nuten zur Verankerung im Vergußmaterial versehen ist.In any case, it is particularly advantageous if, according to a further feature of the invention, the filter element is provided on its outer circumference with ribs and / or grooves for anchoring in the potting material.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist es auch, wenn das elastische Material eine die Unterseite der Schachtabdeckung zwischen den Filterelementen bedeckende Schicht bildet. Bevorzugt wird die Schicht zusätzlich mit Hilfe von Schrauben, Nieten od.dgl. an der Unterseite der Schachtabdeckung verankert.It is also particularly advantageous if the elastic material forms a layer covering the underside of the shaft cover between the filter elements. The layer is preferred additionally with the help of screws, rivets or the like. anchored to the underside of the manhole cover.
Alle diese Maßnahmen sind geeignet,All of these measures are suitable
einen erhöhten Ertrag von Schmutzfracht in den Schacht zu vermeiden,to avoid an increased yield of dirt in the shaft,
eine ausreichende Be- und Entlüftung des Schachtes zu gewährleisten,to ensure adequate ventilation of the shaft,
allfälligen Dampfaustritt aus dem Schacht zu ermöglichen,to allow any steam to escape from the shaft,
die geforderte Festigkeit der Schachtabdeckung nicht zu vermindern,not to reduce the required strength of the manhole cover,
die Standzeit der Gußkonstruktion nicht zu beeinträchtigen,not to affect the service life of the cast construction,
die Erschütterungsfestigkeit zu verbessern, und/oderimprove the vibration resistance, and / or
die Festigkeit und bestimmungsgemäße Belastbarkeit des Dek- kels nicht zu beeinträchtigen.not to impair the strength and intended load capacity of the cover.
Ein weiterer Aspekt der Erfindung besteht in der Schaffung eines speziell zum Aufbau einer solchen Schachtabdeckung bestimmten Filterelementes, das sich auszeichnet durch einen Grundkörper aus wasserundurchlässigem Material, in welchem Kanäle für den Fluidmediumdurchtritt ausgebildet sind, deren Durchströmquerschnitt zumindest stufenförmig, bevorzugt kontinuierlich, von oben nach unten zunimmt .Another aspect of the invention consists in the creation of a filter element specifically designed for the construction of such a manhole cover, which is characterized by a base body made of water-impermeable material, in which channels for the fluid medium passage are formed, the flow cross section of which is at least step-wise, preferably continuously, from top to bottom increases.
In einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungsform weist das Filterelement einen großdurchmeßrigen Durchströmabschnitt und eine darauf aufgesetzte Vorsatzplatte auf, welche von in den Durchströmabschnitt mündenden Öffnungen durchbrochen ist. Dadurch wird eine stufenförmige Erweiterung des Durchströmquerschnittes von der Vorsatzplatte zum Durchströmabschnitt geschaffen. Bevorzugt können sich zusätzlich die Öffnungen zumindest stufenförmig, bevorzugt kontinuierlich, von oben nach unten erweitern. Besonders vorteilhaft für das Strömungsverhalten ist es, wenn der Eintrittsquerschnitt der Öffnungen im Verhältnis zur Dicke der Vorsatzplatte im Bereich von 1:1 bis 1:4 liegt.In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the filter element has a large-diameter throughflow section and an attachment plate placed thereon, which is pierced by openings opening into the throughflow section. This creates a step-like expansion of the flow cross-section from the front plate to the flow section. In addition, the openings can preferably widen at least in steps, preferably continuously, from top to bottom. It is particularly advantageous for the flow behavior if the inlet cross section of the openings in relation to the thickness of the facing plate is in the range from 1: 1 to 1: 4.
Bevorzugt werden der Durchströmabschnitt und/oder die Vorsatz- platte aus Metall oder Kunststoff, bevorzugt Stahl, gefertigt. Diese Materialien ergeben ein besonders robustes Filterelement.The throughflow section and / or the attachment plate are preferably made of metal or plastic, preferably steel. These materials result in a particularly robust filter element.
Ein dritter Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt in der Schaffung eines Verfahrens zum Verbessern der Filterwirkung bereits vorhandener, mit Öffnungen für den Fluidmediumdurchtritt versehener Schachtabdeckungen, und zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß in die Öffnungen Formstempel eingesetzt werden, welche einen Basiskörper aufweisen, von dessen Oberseite Formfingerhochragen, deren summierte Querschnittsfläche wesentlich kleiner ist als die Querschnittsfläche des Basiskörpers, daß der zwischen der Außenoberfläche des Formstempels und der Innenwand der Öffnung verbleibende Raum mit einer im verfestigten Zustand ein elastisches Material ergebenden Vergußmasse ausgegossen wird, und daß die Formstempel anschließend in Richtung nach unten aus der verfestigten Vergußmasse entfernt werden.A third aspect of the present invention resides in the creation of a method for improving the filter effect of already existing manhole covers provided with openings for the fluid medium passage, and is characterized in that shaped punches are inserted into the openings, which have a base body, from the top of which form fingers protrude , the summed cross-sectional area of which is substantially smaller than the cross-sectional area of the base body, that the space remaining between the outer surface of the die and the inner wall of the opening is poured out with a sealing compound, which in the solidified state gives an elastic material, and that the die is then poured downwards the solidified potting compound can be removed.
Mit diesem Verfahren werden elastisch begrenzte, sich nach unten erweiternde Öffnungen im Schachtdeckel geschaffen, wobei die Formstempel nach dem Herstellen der Öffnungen wiederverwendet werden können. Die elastischen Seitenwände der Öffnungen erhöhen deren selbstreinigende Fähigkeit bei Erschütterungen od.dgl. Da bei dieser Variante der Erfindung keine speziellen Filterelemente in der Vergußmasse verbleiben, ergibt sich eine weitere Kosteneinsparung .With this method, elastically limited, downwardly widening openings are created in the manhole cover, and the stamps can be reused after the openings have been made. The elastic side walls of the openings increase their self-cleaning ability in the event of vibrations or the like. Since no special filter elements remain in the casting compound in this variant of the invention, there is a further cost saving.
Ein letzter Aspekt der Erfindung beschäftigt sich mit der Schaffung eines speziellen Formstempels zur Verwendung in diesem Verfahren, welcher sich auszeichnet durch einen Basiskörper, von dessen Oberseite Formfinger hochragen, deren summierte Querschnittsfläche wesentlich kleiner ist als die Querschnittsfläche des Basiskörpers.A last aspect of the invention is concerned with the creation of a special form stamp for use in this method, which is characterized by a base body, from the top of which form fingers protrude, the summed cross-sectional area of which is significantly smaller than the cross-sectional area of the base body.
Bevorzugt werden die Formfinger von unten nach oben zumindest stufenförmig, besonders bevorzugt abgerundet oder konisch verjüngt ausgebildet, was entsprechende Öffnungen im elastischen Material hinterläßt.The shape fingers are preferred at least from bottom to top stepped, particularly preferably rounded or tapered, which leaves corresponding openings in the elastic material.
Eine vorteilhafte Ausfuhrungsform des Formstempels zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß er an seiner Unterseite mit einer Kupplungsvorrichtung für den Angriff eines Ziehwerkzeuges ausgestattet ist, wobei bevorzugt die Kupplungsvorrichtung eine Gewindebohrung ist. Dadurch lassen sich auch größere Haftkräfte beim Entfernen der Formstempel aus dem elastischen Material überwinden.An advantageous embodiment of the die is characterized in that it is equipped on its underside with a coupling device for engaging a drawing tool, the coupling device preferably being a threaded bore. This also means that greater adhesive forces can be overcome when removing the stamp from the elastic material.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend an Hand von in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings.
In den Zeichnungen zeigen:The drawings show:
Fig.l einen Schachtdeckel in der Draufsicht,Fig.l a manhole cover in plan view,
die Fig.2 und 3 eine erste Ausführungsform eines in eine Schachtdeckelöffnung eingebetteten Filterelementes in der Draufsicht bzw. im Schnitt,2 and 3 a first embodiment of a filter element embedded in a manhole cover opening in plan view or in section,
die Fig.4 und 5 eine zweite Ausfuhrungsform in gleicher Darstellungsweise ,4 and 5 a second embodiment in the same representation,
die Fig.6 und 9 eine erste Ausfuhrungsform eines in eine Schachtdeckelöffnung eingesetzten Formstempels während der Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens in der Draufsicht bzw. im Schnitt,6 and 9 a first embodiment of a die inserted into a manhole cover opening during the implementation of the method according to the invention in plan view or in section,
die Fig.7 und 8 eine weitere mögliche Ausführungsform des Formstempels im Schnitt bzw. in der Untersicht,7 and 8 a further possible embodiment of the die in section or in bottom view,
die Fig.10-12 Seitenansichten weiterer Ausfuhrungsformen des Formstempels, undthe Fig.10-12 side views of other embodiments of the form stamp, and
Fig.13 die Formstempel der Fig.10-12 in der Draufsicht.Fig.13 the form stamp of Fig.10-12 in plan view.
In Fig.l ist ein Schachtdeckel 1 aus Gußeisen gezeigt, welcher mit Öffnungen 2 für den Durchtritt von Flüssigkeiten bzw. Austritt von Gasen versehen ist. Eine der Öffnungen 2 ist in den Fig.2-7 vergrößert dargestellt. In der Praxis besitzen die Öffnungen einen großen Durchmesser von z.B. 20-40 mm und können rund, eckig, oval oder beliebig geformt sein. Der Querschnitt der Öffnungen 2 kann sich in Richtung nach unten verjüngen (Fig.3) , erweitern (Fig.5) oder beliebig verlaufen.In Fig.l a manhole cover 1 made of cast iron is shown, which is provided with openings 2 for the passage of liquids or the escape of gases. One of the openings 2 is shown enlarged in FIGS. 2-7. In practice, the openings have a large diameter of, for example, 20-40 mm and can be round, square, oval or any shape. The cross section of the openings 2 can taper in the downward direction (FIG. 3), expand (FIG. 5) or run as desired.
In jede der Öffnungen 2 des Schachtdeckels 1 ist ein Filterelement 3 unter Zwischenschaltung eines elastischen Materials 4 eingesetzt. Das Material 4 schließt entweder mit der Oberseite und der Unterseite des Schachtdeckels 1 bündig ab (Fig.3) oder bedeck" die Unterseite des Schachtdeckels als Schicht 4 zwischen den Filterelementen 3 (Fig.5), wobei es mit optionalen Schrauben 5, Nieten, Gußnasen od.dgl. an der Unterseite des Schachtdeckels 1 zusätzlich befestigt sein kann.A filter element 3 is inserted into each of the openings 2 of the manhole cover 1 with the interposition of an elastic material 4. The material 4 either ends flush with the top and bottom of the manhole cover 1 (FIG. 3) or covers the underside of the manhole cover as a layer 4 between the filter elements 3 (FIG. 5), with optional screws 5, rivets, Cast noses or the like. Can also be attached to the underside of the manhole cover 1.
Das Filterelement 3 ist formschlüssig in das Material 4 eingebettet und kann an seinem Außenumfang mit Nuten 6, Rippen od.dgl. versehen sein, um den Formschluß mit dem Material 4 zu verbessern.The filter element 3 is positively embedded in the material 4 and can or the like on its outer circumference with grooves 6, ribs. be provided to improve the positive connection with the material 4.
Das elastische Material 4 ist bevorzugt ein Vergußmaterial, das in seinem "verfestigten" Zustand elastisch ist, beispielsweise verschleiß fester Gummi, elastischer Kunststoff oder ein beliebiges Elastomer.The elastic material 4 is preferably a potting material that is elastic in its "solidified" state, for example wear-resistant rubber, elastic plastic or any elastomer.
Das Filterelement 3 kann beliebigen Aufbau haben, solange sich sein Durchströmquerschnitt in Durchströmrichtung vergrößert, wie beispielsweise in der AT U 1293 beschrieben ist. Bei den in den Fig.2-5 dargestellten Ausfuhrungsformen setzt sich das Filterelement 3 aus einem rohrförmigen, großdurchmeßrigen Durchströmabschnitt 7 und einer darauf aufgesetzten Vorsatzplatte 8 zusammen, welche von in das Innere des Durchströmabschnittes 7 einmündenden Öffnungen 9 durchbrochen ist. Der Durchströmquer- schnitt der Öffnungen 9 erweitert sich seinerseits konisch von oben nach unten. Die Öffnungen 9 können in beliebigem Muster angeordnet werden, beispielsweise wie in den Fig.2 und 4 dargestellt. Der Durchmesser der Öffnungen beträgt bevorzugt 1 bis 7 mm (je nach Anwendungsfall aber auch größer) an seiner Eintrittsseite. Das Verhältnis von Durchmesser der Öffnungen 9 zu Dicke der Vorsatzplatte liegt bevorzugt im Bereich von 1:1 bis 1:4.The filter element 3 can have any structure as long as its flow cross-section increases in the flow direction, as described for example in AT U 1293. In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2-5, the filter element 3 is composed of a tubular, large-diameter throughflow section 7 and an attachment plate 8 placed thereon, which is pierced by openings 9 opening into the inside of the throughflow section 7. The flow cross-section of the openings 9 in turn widens conically from top to bottom. The openings 9 can be arranged in any pattern, for example as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4. The diameter of the openings is preferably 1 to 7 mm (depending on the application, but also larger) on its entry side. The ratio of the diameter of the openings 9 to the thickness of the facing plate is preferably in the range from 1: 1 to 1: 4.
Sowohl der Durchströmabschnitt 7 als auch die Vorsatzplatte 8 sind aus Hartmaterial gefertigt, beispielsweise der Durchströmabschnitt aus Metall oder Kunststoff und die Vorsatzplatte aus Stahl. Auch eine einstückige Fertigung von Durchströmabschnitt 7 und Vorsatzplatte 8 ist möglich. Darüber hinaus sind auch andere als die genannten Durchströmquerschnittserweiterungen möglich, beispielsweise können die Öffnungen 9 und der Durchströmabschnitt 7 von beliebigem Querschnitt und in Richtung nach unten stufenförmig erweitert sein.Both the throughflow section 7 and the attachment plate 8 are made of hard material, for example the throughflow section made of metal or plastic and the attachment plate made of steel. A one-piece production of throughflow section 7 and attachment plate 8 is also possible. In addition, cross-sectional cross-sectional expansions other than those mentioned are also possible, for example the openings 9 and the through-flow section 7 can be widened in a step-like manner and in the downward direction.
Die Fig.6-13 zeigen ein alternatives Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Filterwirkung herkömmlicher Schachtdeckel 1, wobei vor oder während des Vergießens des elastischen Materials 4 Formstempel 10 in jede der Öffnungen 2 eingesetzt werden. Die Formstempel 10 können beispielsweise auf einer gemeinsamen Trägerplatte (nicht gezeigt) montiert sein, oder können auch einzeln eingesetzt werden.FIGS. 6-13 show an alternative method for improving the filtering effect of conventional manhole covers 1, wherein stamps 10 are inserted into each of the openings 2 before or during the casting of the elastic material. The form stamps 10 can, for example, be mounted on a common carrier plate (not shown), or can also be used individually.
Jeder Formstempel 10 setzt sich aus einem Basiskörper 11 und davon hochragenden Formfingern 12 zusammen, wobei die summierte Querschnittsfläche aller Formfinger 12 kleiner ist als die Querschnittsfläche des Basiskörpers 11, so daß sich nach dem Entfernen der Formstempel 10 aus der verfestigten Vergußmasse Durchtrittsöffnungen im entstandenen elastischen Material 4 ergeben, deren Durchströmquerschnitt von oben nach unten zunimmt. Der Querschnitt des Basiskörpers 11 und der Formfinger 12 ist beliebig, beispielsweise rund, oval, eckig usw. Die in der Vergußmasse zurückbleibenden Durchtrittsöffnungen können insbesondere die im Zusammenhang mit dem Filterelement 3 oben genannten Querschnittskonfigurationen haben .Each form stamp 10 is composed of a base body 11 and projecting form fingers 12 thereof, the summed cross-sectional area of all form fingers 12 being smaller than the cross-sectional area of the base body 11, so that after removal of the form stamp 10 from the solidified casting compound, passage openings in the elastic material formed 4 result, the flow cross section increases from top to bottom. The cross section of the base body 11 and the shaped fingers 12 is arbitrary, for example round, oval, angular, etc. The passage openings remaining in the sealing compound can in particular have the cross-sectional configurations mentioned above in connection with the filter element 3.
Wenn einzelne Formstempel 10 verwendet werden, können diese an ihrer Unterseite mit einer Kupplungsvorrichtung, wie einer Gewindebohrung 13, für den Angriff eines speziellen Werkzeuges zum Herausziehen der Formstempel 10 aus der verfestigten Vergußmasse 4 versehen werden.If individual form stamps 10 are used, these can be used on their underside with a coupling device, such as a threaded bore 13, for the attack of a special tool Pulling out the die 10 can be provided from the solidified sealing compound 4.
Die Erfindung ist selbstverständlich nicht auf die dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt. Beispielsweise ist die Anzahl, Größe und Gruppierung der Öffnungen 9 im Filterelement 3 bzw. der Formfinger 12 des Formstempels 10 völlig beliebig, solange sich die genannten Durchströmquerschnittsrelationen ergeben. The invention is of course not limited to the exemplary embodiments shown. For example, the number, size and grouping of the openings 9 in the filter element 3 or the shaping fingers 12 of the shaping punch 10 are completely arbitrary, as long as the flow cross-sectional relationships mentioned result.
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT98906739T ATE225443T1 (en) | 1997-03-10 | 1998-03-04 | SHAFT COVER |
| JP53895598A JP2001514715A (en) | 1997-03-10 | 1998-03-04 | Shaft cover |
| DE59805800T DE59805800D1 (en) | 1997-03-10 | 1998-03-04 | SHAFT COVER |
| AU62838/98A AU6283898A (en) | 1997-03-10 | 1998-03-04 | Shaft cover |
| EP98906739A EP0966576B1 (en) | 1997-03-10 | 1998-03-04 | Shaft cover |
| CA002283796A CA2283796A1 (en) | 1997-03-10 | 1998-03-04 | Shaft cover |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT0040497A AT404609B (en) | 1997-03-10 | 1997-03-10 | SHAFT COVER |
| ATA404/97 | 1997-03-10 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1998040571A1 true WO1998040571A1 (en) | 1998-09-17 |
Family
ID=3489732
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/AT1998/000051 Ceased WO1998040571A1 (en) | 1997-03-10 | 1998-03-04 | Shaft cover |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0966576B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2001514715A (en) |
| AT (2) | AT404609B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU6283898A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2283796A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59805800D1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1998040571A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE1015353A3 (en) * | 2003-02-11 | 2005-02-01 | Valck Filip De | Plastic manhole for rainwater or septic tank, has adjustable height and preferably provided with recesses in its vertical sides |
| CN105672455A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-06-15 | 孔文艺 | Water seepage and drainage ditch component |
| CN115217211A (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2022-10-21 | 南京南部路桥建设(集团)有限公司 | Sewage intercepting gutter inlet |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1972513A (en) * | 1933-05-23 | 1934-09-04 | Christian E Drehmann | Drain inlet |
| US3040895A (en) * | 1954-07-30 | 1962-06-26 | Lulu E Sisk | Finish rim for surface drains and the like |
| DE3442178A1 (en) * | 1984-11-17 | 1986-05-28 | Bernhard 8071 Lenting Kessel | Manhole cover |
| WO1990012166A1 (en) * | 1989-04-03 | 1990-10-18 | Roald Isaksen | Drain for surface water |
| US5268096A (en) * | 1992-12-28 | 1993-12-07 | Essef Corporation | Pool drain assembly |
| CH687469A5 (en) * | 1993-03-06 | 1996-12-13 | Mall Beton Gmbh | Filter for rainwater drain shaft |
| AT1293U1 (en) | 1996-03-19 | 1997-02-25 | Fleischhacker Gerhard | COVER FOR A WASTE WATER CHAMBER |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2889928A (en) * | 1954-07-30 | 1959-06-09 | Lulu E Sisk | Finish rims for surface drains |
| US3262599A (en) * | 1965-07-26 | 1966-07-26 | Burdsall & Ward Co | Plugs for plugging holes in manhole covers |
| US4597692A (en) * | 1984-07-12 | 1986-07-01 | Clearwater Technologies, Inc. | Rehabilitated manhole cover |
-
1997
- 1997-03-10 AT AT0040497A patent/AT404609B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1998
- 1998-03-04 EP EP98906739A patent/EP0966576B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-03-04 CA CA002283796A patent/CA2283796A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-03-04 AT AT98906739T patent/ATE225443T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-03-04 JP JP53895598A patent/JP2001514715A/en active Pending
- 1998-03-04 DE DE59805800T patent/DE59805800D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-03-04 AU AU62838/98A patent/AU6283898A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-03-04 WO PCT/AT1998/000051 patent/WO1998040571A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1972513A (en) * | 1933-05-23 | 1934-09-04 | Christian E Drehmann | Drain inlet |
| US3040895A (en) * | 1954-07-30 | 1962-06-26 | Lulu E Sisk | Finish rim for surface drains and the like |
| DE3442178A1 (en) * | 1984-11-17 | 1986-05-28 | Bernhard 8071 Lenting Kessel | Manhole cover |
| WO1990012166A1 (en) * | 1989-04-03 | 1990-10-18 | Roald Isaksen | Drain for surface water |
| US5268096A (en) * | 1992-12-28 | 1993-12-07 | Essef Corporation | Pool drain assembly |
| CH687469A5 (en) * | 1993-03-06 | 1996-12-13 | Mall Beton Gmbh | Filter for rainwater drain shaft |
| AT1293U1 (en) | 1996-03-19 | 1997-02-25 | Fleischhacker Gerhard | COVER FOR A WASTE WATER CHAMBER |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE1015353A3 (en) * | 2003-02-11 | 2005-02-01 | Valck Filip De | Plastic manhole for rainwater or septic tank, has adjustable height and preferably provided with recesses in its vertical sides |
| CN105672455A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-06-15 | 孔文艺 | Water seepage and drainage ditch component |
| CN115217211A (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2022-10-21 | 南京南部路桥建设(集团)有限公司 | Sewage intercepting gutter inlet |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATA40497A (en) | 1998-05-15 |
| DE59805800D1 (en) | 2002-11-07 |
| AT404609B (en) | 1999-01-25 |
| JP2001514715A (en) | 2001-09-11 |
| ATE225443T1 (en) | 2002-10-15 |
| CA2283796A1 (en) | 1998-09-17 |
| AU6283898A (en) | 1998-09-29 |
| EP0966576A1 (en) | 1999-12-29 |
| EP0966576B1 (en) | 2002-10-02 |
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