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WO1997035676A1 - Procede et dispositif pour façonner des recipients - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour façonner des recipients Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1997035676A1
WO1997035676A1 PCT/GB1997/000583 GB9700583W WO9735676A1 WO 1997035676 A1 WO1997035676 A1 WO 1997035676A1 GB 9700583 W GB9700583 W GB 9700583W WO 9735676 A1 WO9735676 A1 WO 9735676A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
side wall
container
forming member
moving
forming
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/GB1997/000583
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Joseph William Daintrey
Timothy Michael Wood
Richard Mark Orlando Golding
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Crown European Holdings SA
Crown Packaging UK Ltd
Eviosys Aerosols and Promotional Packaging Netherlands BV
CarnaudMetalbox Holdings USA Inc
Original Assignee
CarnaudMetalbox SA
CarnaudMetalbox PLC
Metal Box PLC
CarnaudMetalbox NV
CarnaudMetalbox Holdings USA Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by CarnaudMetalbox SA, CarnaudMetalbox PLC, Metal Box PLC, CarnaudMetalbox NV, CarnaudMetalbox Holdings USA Inc filed Critical CarnaudMetalbox SA
Priority to AU41905/97A priority Critical patent/AU4190597A/en
Publication of WO1997035676A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997035676A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
    • B21D39/08—Tube expanders
    • B21D39/18—Rollers of special shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D51/00—Making hollow objects
    • B21D51/16—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects
    • B21D51/26—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects cans or tins; Closing same in a permanent manner
    • B21D51/2646—Of particular non cylindrical shape, e.g. conical, rectangular, polygonal, bulged

Definitions

  • This invention relates to shaping containers and, m particular, to the shaping of a side wall of metal containers such as cylindrical can bodies.
  • metal containers are well established as a method of packaging a large range of products.
  • Such differentiation can be achieved by variation in the graphics, colour and aspect ratio of a can.
  • Alternative methods of product differentiation have also been achieved by shaping, that is by varying the profile of a can side wall from its traditional cylindrical shape.
  • GB-B-2257073 describes a method and apparatus for blow-forming a three piece container.
  • the container is clamped in a mould and compressed air is supplied to the interior of the container.
  • the compressed air causes the container to expand to the mould shape, whilst end clamping members move inwardly to maintain the orientation of the container within the mould.
  • This invention seeks to provide a high speed process for shaping containers which is simpler than the prior art methods and more cost effective. It is a further object of the present invention to shape both two and three piece cans ⁇ that is either with or without an integral base) made from a variety of materials and in particular two piece cans made from steel.
  • an apparatus for shaping a side wall of a container comprising:
  • An apparatus for shaping a container having a side wall and a peripheral portion adapted to be connected to a closure comprising: at least one forming member which is rotatable about is own axis; means for moving the or each forming member radially outwards against the inside of the side wall; and means for supporting the or each forming member such that it can rotate longitudinally and/or circumferentially along the inside of the side wall, the or each forming member being mounted for free rotation on the moving means; whereby, in use, pressing and rotating the or each forming member on the side wall generates a stress in the side wall such that, when the stress exceeds the yield stress of the material of the side wall, permanent deformation is created m the side wall.
  • the container is usually mounted on a holder and either or both of the holder and supporting means are rotatable relative to each other.
  • the moving means comprises a pair of discs and each forming member is mounted between the discs.
  • each forming member may be retained at least partially between the discs by a cage device.
  • the discs may be mounted on the same or separate shafts and may be moveable towards each other, for example by longitudinal movement of their shafts, thus causing the forming members to move radially outwards.
  • the discs are adapted for rotation about their respective shafts so that the forming members are caused to rotate around the side wall of the container.
  • the discs may be frustoconical in shape, with the forming members positioned between the conical parts of the discs.
  • Rotation of the discs about their shafts in combination with outward movement of the forming members creates both a steady rolling action which deforms the container wall outwardly according to amount of movement of the discs towards each other and also rolls this deformation around the container wall.
  • the moving means comprises a pivotable shaft, each forming member being typically mounted at the end of the shaft.
  • the extent of pivoting may be variable so as to enable different degrees of deformation to be achieved.
  • forming members may comprise ball bearings, profiled rollers or a combination of balls and rollers.
  • the rollers may have a profile which is complementary to that desired in the final shape of container.
  • a method for shaping a container having a side wall and a peripheral portion adapted to be connected to a closure comprising: holding a container for forming; inserting at least one rotatable forming member into a container; moving the or each forming member radially outwards against the side wall of the container; and moving the or each forming member longitudinally and/or circumferentially along the inside of the side wall such that the or each forming member rotates; whereby, when the stress generated in the side wall by the moving steps exceeds the yield stress of the material of the side wall, the method creates permanent deformation in the side wall.
  • the step of rotating the or each forming member may comprise moving the or each forming member around, up or down the side wall. Movement of ball bearings up or down the side wall without any movement around the wall results in a fluted profile. A fluted or panelled effect is thus obtainable with the number of flutes/panels being equivalent to the number of forming members provided.
  • a cylindrical container wall may thus be deformed in three separate movements of the apparatus/method of the present invention giving radial, circumferential and/or longitudinal deformation.
  • Carefully controlled co- ordmation of axial/rotational movement and radial force enables a complex profile to be produced in the container wall, including a combination of shapes and flutes, as ⁇ esired.
  • the tool may be installed on a carousel or turret handling system in order to provide a continuous forming process at commercially desirable line speeds.
  • Figure 1 is a partial side section of a first embodiment of shaping apparatus
  • Figure 2 is a plan section of the apparatus of figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a partial side section of the apparatus of figures 1 and 2, showing formation of a circumferential bead shape;
  • Figure 4 is a partial side section of the apparatus of figures 1 and 2, showing deformation of an enlarged lower cup shape
  • Figure 5 is a partial side section of the apparatus of figures 1 and 2, showing formation of a longitudinally curved shape.
  • Figure 6 is a partial side section of a second emoodiment of shaping apparatus.
  • Figure 7 is a partial side section of a third erruDodiment of shaping apparatus.
  • Fxgure 1 shows a shaping apparatus 1 m which forming members comprising ball bearings 2 are disposed around the periphery of a pair of frustoconical discs 3 and 4.
  • the discs are attached to a common shaft 5, which comprises an inner sleeve 6 and an outer sleeve 7.
  • Lower disc 3 is fixed to the end of inner sleeve 6 and upper disc 4 is fixed to outer sleeve 7. In this manner the two discs are independently rotatable about a common axis by independent rotation of the inner and outer sleeves of the shaft 5.
  • the discs 3 and 4 are moveable towards/away from each other by longitudinal movement of respective sleeves of the shaft 5. Movement towards each other causes a squeezing action to be applied on the ball bearings by the conical portions 8 of the discs 3 and 4. This squeezing action forces the ball bearings radially outwards from the discs and into contact with a container side wall.
  • the amount of lateral movement of the balls can be adjusted according to the amount of deformation required in the side wall.
  • the apparatus is compact and can easily be inserted into the container to be formed.
  • a schematic plan view of the apparatus of figure 1 shows cage components 9 which retain the ball bearings 2 in position around the circumference of the discs 3 and 4 within their working range of lateral movement. As shown in figure 2, the cage components 9 hold the ball bearings m separation from each other but do not restrict their ability to rotate freely.
  • the cage itself is similar to that used in conventional roller element bearings and comprises a spoked device, components 9 being ends of the individual spokes.
  • the cage itself is optional in that its prime purpose is to restrain the forming members (that is ball bearings in this example) from becoming detached from the rest of the apparatus.
  • alternative restraining mechanisms may be used such as choice of a disc size which causes the ball bearings to contact both the inner wall of the container to be shaped and the conical portion of the discs.
  • the shaping apparatus should be withdrawn from the shaped container, as this is removed and an unformed container is positioned, into a hollow retention bore.
  • the bore is of approximately the same size as the shaped container, this preventing loss of ball bearings.
  • FIG. 1 Operation of the apparatus of figures 1 and 2 can be seen in more detail in figures 3 to 5.
  • the apparatus is first inserted into a container such as a metal can 10 until the apparatus is at the desired height from the base of the can for the formation of the relevant shape.
  • the inner sleeve 6 of the shaft 5 is then pulled upwardly and the outer sleeve pushed downwardly so as to force the discs 3 and 4 towards each other.
  • This movement is continued until the required increase in diameter is achieved in the can side wall as this deforms to the shape of the ball bearing.
  • that deformation must be sufficient for the stress which arises in the can side wall to exceed the yield stress of the material of the side wall.
  • the shaft 5 is rotated about its longitudinal axis, thus causing the ball bearings to rotate around the circumference of the can side wall. It is believed that it is only this combination of rotation of the ball bearings and lateral movement of the balls against the side wall which has enabled deformation of up to about 10% of the diameter of 211 (66mm) wall ironed two piece steel and aluminium cans. Significantly more deformation is possible with three piece cans since the material of the can side wall is less work hardened than wall-ironed side wall material .
  • FIG. 5 Yet another type of shape is shown in figure 5, in which the method used for the shape of figure 4 is combined with relative disc movement obtaine ⁇ by reciprocating motion of the sleeves 6 and 7 of the shaft 5.
  • the ball bearings are forced radially outwards and the diameter of the container side wall increases as at 11.
  • Gradual movement of the discs away from each other reduces the radial force acting on the ball bearings and thereby expansion of the side wall, allowing the side wall to decrease in diameter again, as at 12.
  • the shaft may simply be retracted from the container whilst the discs are held close to each other. In this way, the ball bearings 2 are rolled up the side wall to produce a vertical fluted pattern in the side wall.
  • the shaft 5 and discs 3 and 4 may incorporate ducts through which cooling fluid may be transmitted around the apparatus and thus enable higher process speeds to be achieved without over- heatmg. Even without the provision of ducts, it is believed that rotation speeds in excess of 2000 rpm are possible which can produce an increase in side wall diameter of around 10% in only a few milliseconds.
  • the apparatus shown in figures 1 to 5 can be used to achieve high speeds and very high flexibility in the production of shapes. However, the apparatus is limited in its use by the time which is required to progress the shape along the side wall of the container. If attempts are made to progress to shaping at too fast a rate, this will become apparent as forming ridges arise m the surface finish.
  • the relationships between axial movement of the ball bearings and rotation of the shaft 5 is also important in establishing the maximum forming speeds possible whilst maintaining surface quality.
  • FIG. 6 An alternative type of forming member which uses the same disc actuation method is shown in figure 6.
  • the apparatus is particularly suitable for obtaining fast rates of shaping albeit with less flexibility of shaping than is possible when using ball bearings.
  • the ball oeanngs have been replaced by caged or uncaged profiled rollers 20, which have dedicated complementary shapes to that required in the finished container side wall.
  • Such rollers are able to shape an extensive portion of the side wall with no or limited longitudinal movement of the shaft 5 and may have more complex profiles than are shown in figure 6.
  • the discs used m combination with rollers as the forming members are often complementary in shape to the rollers themselves. As in the methods using ball bearings, rotation and radially outward movement of the rollers must create a stress in the material of the container side wall which exceeds the yield stress of the material, if the deformation is to be permanent.
  • An alternative method of actuation of ball bearings and/or profiled rollers is to pivot the forming members about a fulcrum point on a central shaft.
  • the forming members may be connected directly to the central shaft or may have independent shafts wnich are connected to tne fulcrum point. Direct or indirect connection to the central shaft eliminates the need for any cage arrangement or hollow bore into which the apparatus might otherwise need to be retracted after forming has taken place.
  • the fulcrum point comprises a spherical bearing and radial actuation of the forming members is achieved by means of a cam or other mechanical means.
  • greater process control is obtainable by pressurising the container prior to the shaping operation.
  • pressurising by a suitable fluid would be used to assist in supporting and stabilising the can during the shaping process.
  • air would be used for pressurisation, although water may alternatively be used if some cooling of the container is desirable.
  • Three two piece aluminium beverage cans having an external diameter of 66mm (standard 211 can) were placed in a test rig and a forming apparatus as shown in figure 1 inserted.
  • the forming apparatus used 13 ball bearings, each having a diameter of 12.65mm ( " ) .
  • Adjustment of the relative disc portion was made to provide corresponding tooling diameter movement as indicated in table 1.
  • Each can was manually rotated to provide a bead-like deformation by rolling the deformation around the can wall.
  • Measurements of can wall thickness were taken both before and after forming, the latter comprising averages of measurements of the bead feature itself and above and below the feature. The results obtained are also shown in table 1.
  • Thickness Thickness diameter thickness thickness above below movement mm (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
  • Tooling Original Height Base Feature Diameter diameter can after outside outside increase movement height forming diameter diameter (%)
  • Tooling Original Height Base Feature Diameter diameter can after outside outside increase movement height forming diameter diameter %
  • Three steel can bodies (ie without base) for three piece food cans having an internal diameter of 65mm were shaped with a static bead feature using the apparatus of example 1.
  • the bead was extended vertically by 20mm up to the can side wall to give a band shape as shown in figure 4.
  • the cans were rotated on a milling machine chuck at 278 rpm. Height and diameter readings were taken, these results being given in table 5.
  • Dia eter diameter can - after outside outside increase movement height forming diameter diameter (%)

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Containers Having Bodies Formed In One Piece (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif permettant de façonner des récipients (10) tels que des corps de boîtes métalliques, qui est inséré dans le récipient et allongé vers l'extérieur de façon à produire une contrainte dans le matériau constituant la paroi latérale du récipient. Quand cette contrainte dépasse la limite de contrainte du matériau, une déformation permanente est obtenue. Généralement, pour déformer la paroi latérale, le dispositif utilise l'expansion vers l'extérieur d'un cercle de roulements à billes (2), que l'on fait ensuite rouler le long de ladite paroi afin de produire différentes formes, telles que des cannelures, etc.
PCT/GB1997/000583 1996-03-22 1997-03-03 Procede et dispositif pour façonner des recipients Ceased WO1997035676A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU41905/97A AU4190597A (en) 1996-03-22 1997-03-03 Process and apparatus for shaping containers

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB9606080.1A GB9606080D0 (en) 1996-03-22 1996-03-22 Process and apparatus for shaping containers
GB9606080.1 1996-03-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997035676A1 true WO1997035676A1 (fr) 1997-10-02

Family

ID=10790859

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1997/000583 Ceased WO1997035676A1 (fr) 1996-03-22 1997-03-03 Procede et dispositif pour façonner des recipients

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU4190597A (fr)
GB (1) GB9606080D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997035676A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998019806A1 (fr) * 1996-11-04 1998-05-14 Research Technology Manufacturing (Aust) Pty. Ltd. Assemblage par joints tubulaires metalliques et outil pour former ces joints
AU715061B2 (en) * 1996-11-04 2000-01-13 Research Technology Manufacturing Australia Pty. Ltd. Tubular metal joint assembly and manufacturing tool therefor
EP1033187A1 (fr) * 1999-03-02 2000-09-06 Ecoroll AG Outil de formage pour le formage de pièces de révolution
NL1014268C2 (nl) * 2000-02-02 2001-08-03 Corus Staal Bv Werkwijze en inrichting voor het vormgeven van een metalen busmantel, en een aldus vormgegeven metalen busmantel.
CN106140950A (zh) * 2015-03-31 2016-11-23 南京理工大学 一种高压扭转叠加制造方法及装置

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB216704A (en) * 1923-06-19 1924-06-05 Pietro Gessi Improvements in apparatus for expanding deformed fire-boxes or fire-tubes of steam boilers
DE1031257B (de) * 1953-09-03 1958-06-04 Perrot Regnerbau G M B H Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Muffenrohren aus glatten, duennwandigen, geschweissten Blechrohren
US3911707A (en) * 1974-10-08 1975-10-14 Anatoly Petrovich Minakov Finishing tool
US4055064A (en) * 1976-01-08 1977-10-25 Schow Virgle L Muffler and tail pipe expander and cleaner
DE3337382A1 (de) * 1983-10-14 1985-04-25 Hoesch Ag, 4600 Dortmund Vorrichtung fuer die innenbehandlung von rohren
JPS60257937A (ja) * 1984-06-05 1985-12-19 Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd 容器の製造法
JPS61193728A (ja) * 1985-02-20 1986-08-28 Takeuchi Press Kogyo Kk 変形缶の製法
JPS63230230A (ja) * 1986-10-27 1988-09-26 Takeuchi Press Kogyo Kk スムーズネックイン缶の製法および該方法に用いる装置

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB216704A (en) * 1923-06-19 1924-06-05 Pietro Gessi Improvements in apparatus for expanding deformed fire-boxes or fire-tubes of steam boilers
DE1031257B (de) * 1953-09-03 1958-06-04 Perrot Regnerbau G M B H Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Muffenrohren aus glatten, duennwandigen, geschweissten Blechrohren
US3911707A (en) * 1974-10-08 1975-10-14 Anatoly Petrovich Minakov Finishing tool
US4055064A (en) * 1976-01-08 1977-10-25 Schow Virgle L Muffler and tail pipe expander and cleaner
DE3337382A1 (de) * 1983-10-14 1985-04-25 Hoesch Ag, 4600 Dortmund Vorrichtung fuer die innenbehandlung von rohren
JPS60257937A (ja) * 1984-06-05 1985-12-19 Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd 容器の製造法
JPS61193728A (ja) * 1985-02-20 1986-08-28 Takeuchi Press Kogyo Kk 変形缶の製法
JPS63230230A (ja) * 1986-10-27 1988-09-26 Takeuchi Press Kogyo Kk スムーズネックイン缶の製法および該方法に用いる装置

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 010, no. 134 (M - 479) 17 May 1986 (1986-05-17) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 011, no. 021 (M - 555) 21 January 1987 (1987-01-21) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 013, no. 020 (M - 785) 18 January 1989 (1989-01-18) *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998019806A1 (fr) * 1996-11-04 1998-05-14 Research Technology Manufacturing (Aust) Pty. Ltd. Assemblage par joints tubulaires metalliques et outil pour former ces joints
AU715061B2 (en) * 1996-11-04 2000-01-13 Research Technology Manufacturing Australia Pty. Ltd. Tubular metal joint assembly and manufacturing tool therefor
EP1033187A1 (fr) * 1999-03-02 2000-09-06 Ecoroll AG Outil de formage pour le formage de pièces de révolution
NL1014268C2 (nl) * 2000-02-02 2001-08-03 Corus Staal Bv Werkwijze en inrichting voor het vormgeven van een metalen busmantel, en een aldus vormgegeven metalen busmantel.
CN106140950A (zh) * 2015-03-31 2016-11-23 南京理工大学 一种高压扭转叠加制造方法及装置
CN106140950B (zh) * 2015-03-31 2020-08-14 南京理工大学 一种高压扭转叠加制造方法及装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9606080D0 (en) 1996-05-22
AU4190597A (en) 1997-10-17

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