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WO1997031704A1 - PROCEDE DE REGENERATION D'UN CATALYSEUR D'ACCUMULATION DE NOx - Google Patents

PROCEDE DE REGENERATION D'UN CATALYSEUR D'ACCUMULATION DE NOx Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997031704A1
WO1997031704A1 PCT/DE1997/000278 DE9700278W WO9731704A1 WO 1997031704 A1 WO1997031704 A1 WO 1997031704A1 DE 9700278 W DE9700278 W DE 9700278W WO 9731704 A1 WO9731704 A1 WO 9731704A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
catalytic converter
nox
storage catalytic
nox storage
storage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/DE1997/000278
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Willibald SCHÜRZ
Erwin Achleitner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP97914147A priority Critical patent/EP0822856A1/fr
Publication of WO1997031704A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997031704A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
    • F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9495—Controlling the catalytic process
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/027—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/0275—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus the exhaust gas treating apparatus being a NOx trap or adsorbent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
    • F02D41/146—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an NOx content or concentration
    • F02D41/1461—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an NOx content or concentration of the exhaust gases emitted by the engine
    • F02D41/1462—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an NOx content or concentration of the exhaust gases emitted by the engine with determination means using an estimation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
    • F02D41/146—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an NOx content or concentration
    • F02D41/1463—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an NOx content or concentration of the exhaust gases downstream of exhaust gas treatment apparatus
    • F02D41/1465—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an NOx content or concentration of the exhaust gases downstream of exhaust gas treatment apparatus with determination means using an estimation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2250/00—Combinations of different methods of purification
    • F01N2250/12—Combinations of different methods of purification absorption or adsorption, and catalytic conversion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/08—Exhaust gas treatment apparatus parameters
    • F02D2200/0806—NOx storage amount, i.e. amount of NOx stored on NOx trap
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/08—Exhaust gas treatment apparatus parameters
    • F02D2200/0811—NOx storage efficiency

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for regenerating a NOx storage catalytic converter according to the preamble of the claim
  • NOx storage catalytic converters are used in order to be able to comply with the required exhaust gas limit values in engine concepts with lean combustion.
  • the NOx storage catalytic converters absorb the NOx compounds generated during lean combustion.
  • a method for the regeneration of a NOx storage catalytic converter is already known from EP 0 597 106 A1, in which the amount of NOx compounds absorbed by the storage catalytic converter is calculated as a function of the intake air and the engine load.
  • the internal combustion engine is supplied with a rich mixture for regeneration of the storage catalytic converter. In this way, however, reliable compliance with the exhaust gas limit values is not guaranteed.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method for the regeneration of a NOx storage catalytic converter which ensures reliable compliance with the exhaust gas limit values and enables improved, needs-based regeneration of the NOx storage catalytic converter.
  • the object of the invention is achieved by the features of claim 1.
  • An essential advantage of the invention resides in the fact that the regeneration of the NOx storage catalytic converter is started as a function of the NOx emissions. In this way, reliable compliance with the exhaust gas limit values is ensured.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic arrangement of an internal combustion engine with a NOx storage catalytic converter
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the invention
  • Figure 3 shows a method for determining NOx emissions
  • FIG. 4 shows a method for determining the loading of the storage catalytic converter.
  • FIG. 1 shows an arrangement in which the inventive method is applied.
  • An internal combustion engine 2 is connected to an intake tract 1 and an exhaust tract 3.
  • the internal combustion engine 2 comprises an injection system with a valve arrangement and a cooling circuit.
  • the exhaust tract 3 leads to a NOx storage catalytic converter 4 to which a temperature sensor 13 is connected.
  • the NOx storage catalytic converter 4 is referred to as storage catalytic converter 4 in the following.
  • a control device 5 with a memory 6 is shown, the control device 5 via a load measurement line 12 with the load measurement device 11, via a temperature measurement line 10 with the temperature sensor 9, via a data and control line 8 with the internal combustion engine 2 and over a measuring line 7 with the temperature sensor 13 is connected.
  • a lambda probe 14 is introduced into the exhaust tract 3 in front of the storage catalytic converter 4 and connected to the control unit 5 via a second measuring line 15.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a method for determining the raw NOx emission NR.
  • the control unit 5 preferably checks one or more starting conditions at program point 20 before further calculations are carried out. It is first checked whether the internal combustion engine is in the “start” operating state. If this is the case, no further calculation is carried out, but is waited until the internal combustion engine 2 has left the "start” operating state. It is also checked whether there is a post-start control of the internal combustion engine 2. If this is the case, further calculations are waited until the post-start control has ended. In addition, a check is carried out to determine whether the catalyst temperature KT is greater than a predetermined minimum value. If this is the case, then it is checked whether the air ratio in the exhaust gas upstream of the catalytic converter has a value greater than 1. If the conditions mentioned are met, the program branches to program item 21. In a simple embodiment, the conditions queried at program point 20 can also be dispensed with.
  • program point 22 is followed by a query as to whether the NOx emission NA that leaves the storage catalytic converter 4 is greater than a predetermined limit value NE. If this is the case, the program branches to program item 23.
  • the NOx emission NA is calculated using the following formula:
  • NA (n) NRK (n) • TA • (l-KEK (n)) • (1-NO)
  • NRK is the corrected raw emission
  • TA is the predetermined time interval between the times n and n + 1
  • KEK is the corrected storage efficiency
  • NO is a correction factor that takes into account the proportion of NOx emissions that is chemically reduced by the storage catalytic converter 4 becomes.
  • the raw NOx emission NR is used instead of the corrected raw NOx emission NRK.
  • the question is asked whether the NOx emission NA (n) exceeds the limit value NG. If this is not the case, the program branches back to program item 20. However, if the NOx emission NA (n) exceeds the limit value NG, the regeneration of the storage catalytic converter 4 is initiated at program point 23, in which a fuel / air mixture is supplied to the internal combustion engine 2, which mixture in the exhaust tract 3 in front of the storage catalytic converter 4 Air number less than 1 leads. The program then branches back to program point 20.
  • FIG. 3 shows individual steps of program point 21 for calculating the raw NOx emission NR.
  • program point 30 there is a query as to whether the air ratio ⁇ measured in the exhaust tract 3 upstream of the storage catalyst 4 is greater than a predetermined starting value LS, for example 1.0. If not
  • the program branches back to program item 20. If, however, the query at program point 30 reveals that the air ratio ⁇ is greater than the predetermined starting value LS, then the crude NOx emission mass NR is read out from a load and speed-dependent first map at program point 31.
  • the first map is stored in memory 6.
  • an improvement of the method according to the invention is achieved by carrying out at least one of the program steps 32, 33, 34 or 35.
  • an ignition angle correction factor KZ is calculated for a correction of the raw NOx emission mass NR, taking into account the parameter ignition angle.
  • the predetermined target ignition angle is first read from the memory 6 from a second characteristic diagram, which contains a target ignition angle ZS as a function of the load and the speed, in accordance with the load and the speed of the internal combustion engine 2, and the current ignition angle ZG is measured .
  • a correction factor KF is read out of the memory 6 from a third map depending on the load and the speed of the internal combustion engine 2.
  • the ignition angle correction factor KZ is then calculated using the following formula:
  • KZ 1 + KF • (ZG - ZS) calculated.
  • the program then branches to program point 36 or to program point 33.
  • an air ratio correction factor KL is determined for a correction of the raw NOx emission NR, in which the air ratio ⁇ is taken into account.
  • a target air number LS specified in accordance with the load and the speed of the internal combustion engine 2 is read out from a fourth characteristic diagram as a function of the load and the speed.
  • the actual air ratio LG is measured.
  • a differential air ratio LD is then calculated using the following formula:
  • an air ratio correction factor KL is read from a fifth map in the memory 6.
  • the program then branches to either item 36 or item 34.
  • a temperature correction factor FT is calculated, in which the cooling water temperature TL and the suction air temperature TA are taken into account.
  • a temperature correction factor FT is read from a sixth map, which is stored in the memory 6. The program then branches to program point 36 or to program point 35.
  • a correction factor for the valve overlap is calculated for a correction of the raw NOx emission NR, taking into account the valve overlap during the injection.
  • a setpoint VS as a function of the load and the speed for the valve overlap is read out from a seventh characteristic diagram, which is stored in the memory 6, and the difference to a measured value VG for the valve overlap is calculated.
  • the program then branches to point 36.
  • NRK NR • KZ • KL • FT • KV.
  • NRK NR • KT.
  • FIG. 4 schematically shows the calculation of the loading state of the storage catalytic converter 4, which is preferably used as the starting condition for a regeneration phase for the storage catalytic converter 4.
  • the control unit 5 calculates the storage efficiency KE of the storage catalytic converter 4.
  • the storage efficiency KE is read out from a ninth characteristic map in the storage 6 as a function of the intake air mass LM and the loading efficiency KB of the storage catalytic converter.
  • the storage capacity KS is read from a tenth map in the memory 6, which depends on the catalyst temperature! KT and the number of regeneration phases SZ that have already taken place.
  • the regeneration phases in which a rich mixture is fed to the storage catalytic converter 4 in order to reduce the NOx storage are counted by the control unit 5 and stored in the storage 6 as a regeneration number.
  • the storage efficiency KE is preferably corrected as a function of the catalyst temperature KT and as a function of the charging cycles SZ which have already taken place, a correction value KS being read out from an eleventh characteristic diagram which depends on the charging cycles SZ which have already taken place and the catalyst temperature KT, and the storage efficiency KE thus is multiplied:
  • KA (n) KA (n-l) + NRK (n) • TA • KEK (n) • 1 (1-N0),
  • the query is made as to whether the current load KA is greater than a predetermined minimum load KAM. If this is the case, a regeneration phase for the NOx storage catalytic converter 4 is started at program point 43. If this is not the case, the program branches back to program item 40. After the regeneration phase has been carried out, the program branches back from program point 43 to program point 40.
  • An advantageous development of the invention is based on carrying out a load determination of the storage catalytic converter 4 during a regeneration phase in order to terminate the regeneration phase in good time.
  • the loading of the storage catalytic converter 4 is decremented by a value KD and the regeneration phase is ended when the catalytic converter loading KA falls below a predetermined threshold value.
  • the decrement is read from a twelfth characteristic diagram, which depends on the intake air mass LM and the air ratio LG measured in front of the storage catalytic converter 4 in the exhaust tract 3.
  • a memory field is provided in the memory 6, in which the number of regeneration phases that have elapsed so far are counted and stored as a non-volatile regeneration number.
  • a bit is provided in the memory 6 which can be assigned zero or one, with a zero setting the regeneration number being set to zero and the regeneration phases starting from zero being counted up again .
  • a more precise counting of the regeneration phases is achieved by also counting the regeneration phases which are caused by a rich fuel mixture during unsteady operation, i.e. e.g. at acceleration.
  • the regeneration phases are detected ( ⁇ ⁇ 1) with the lambda probe 14 in the exhaust tract 3 in front of the storage catalytic converter 4 and counted by the control unit 5 and stored in the storage 6 as a regeneration number.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé de régénération d'un catalyseur d'accumulation de NOx, selon lequel une phase de régénération est lancée lorsque le catalyseur d'accumulation émet une quantité de composés NOx supérieure à une valeur limite prédéterminée. L'émission de NOx est calculée en fonction de la charge, du régime et d'autres conditions de fonctionnement du moteur à combustion interne.
PCT/DE1997/000278 1996-02-26 1997-02-13 PROCEDE DE REGENERATION D'UN CATALYSEUR D'ACCUMULATION DE NOx Ceased WO1997031704A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97914147A EP0822856A1 (fr) 1996-02-26 1997-02-13 PROCEDE DE REGENERATION D'UN CATALYSEUR D'ACCUMULATION DE NOx

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1996107151 DE19607151C1 (de) 1996-02-26 1996-02-26 Verfahren zur Regeneration eines NOx-Speicherkatalysators
DE19607151.8 1996-02-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997031704A1 true WO1997031704A1 (fr) 1997-09-04

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE1997/000278 Ceased WO1997031704A1 (fr) 1996-02-26 1997-02-13 PROCEDE DE REGENERATION D'UN CATALYSEUR D'ACCUMULATION DE NOx

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0822856A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE19607151C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997031704A1 (fr)

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